title stringlengths 1 1.19k | keywords stringlengths 0 668 | concept stringlengths 0 909 | paragraph stringlengths 0 61.8k | PMID stringlengths 10 11 |
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Conclusion | PROM, depression, fatigue | SECONDARY | This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial found that the PROM monitoring and alert intervention, compared with the standard of care, led to small improvements in HRQOL and fatigue among patients with hip replacement and patients with knee replacement and in depression symptoms among patients with hip repla... | PMC10474554 |
Purpose | cHCC-CC | CHCC-CC, RECURRENCE, COMBINED HEPATOCELLULAR-CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA | To establish and validate a multiparameter prediction model for early recurrence after radical resection in patients diagnosed with combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC). | PMC10700214 |
Materials and methods | cHCC-CC | CHCC-CC | This study reviewed the clinical characteristics and preoperative CT images of 143 cHCC-CC patients who underwent radical resection from three institutions. A total of 110 patients from institution 1 were randomly divided into training set ( | PMC10700214 |
Results | tumor | TUMOR, RECURRENCE | The combined model demonstrated superior predictive performance compared to the clinical model, the CT model, the pathological model and the clinic-CT model in predicting the early postoperative recurrence. The nomogram based on the combined model included AST, ALP, tumor size, tumor margin, arterial phase peritumoral ... | PMC10700214 |
Conclusion | cHCC-CC | CHCC-CC, RECURRENCE | A nomogram incorporating clinical characteristics and preoperative CT features can be utilized to effectively predict the early postoperative recurrence in patients with cHCC-CC. | PMC10700214 |
Keywords | PMC10700214 | |||
Introduction | cHCC-CC, HCC, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma | PRIMARY LIVER CARCINOMA, RECURRENCE, COMBINED HEPATOCELLULAR-CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA, HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA, INTRAHEPATIC CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA, CHCC-CC | Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is a rare primary liver carcinoma primarily consisting of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) [In the past, numerous models for predicting postoperative recurrence of HCC have been developed based on clinical, pathological, and ra... | PMC10700214 |
Materials and methods | PMC10700214 | |||
Patients | cHCC-CC, intrahepatic lesion, Cancer | METASTASIS, CHCC-CC, PATHOLOGY, DISEASES, CANCER | This is a retrospective study in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board (Approve Number: 2023-E423-01) of our hospital that waived the requirement of an informed consent. From January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2020, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 213 cHC... | PMC10700214 |
Follow-up | cHCC-CC, tumor, liver lesions | CHCC-CC, TUMOR, RECURRENCE | Early recurrence was defined as the occurrence of a new tumor within a year after radical resection of cHCC-CC. The starting point was the day of the operation, while the endpoint was the detection of intra- and extra-hepatic recurrence within a year post-surgery. All cHCC-CC patients were regularly monitored for 12 mo... | PMC10700214 |
Clinical, pathological data | The clinical data consist of several factors such as age, gender, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP),... | PMC10700214 | ||
CT examination | The CT scanners were the GE64 VCT and Siemens Dual Source CT in Institution 1; Siemens Sensation 64CT and Philips iCT256 in Institution 2; and Siemens Sensation 64CT and GE Discovery CT750 in Institution 3. After a plain CT scan, an enhanced scan was performed. A high-pressure syringe was used to inject 1.5 ml/kg of no... | PMC10700214 | ||
Image analysis | tumor, cancer lesions, necrosis | LYMPH NODE ENLARGEMENT, DILATION, TUMOR, NECROSIS | The CT images were review independently by two radiologists with ten years of experience, and any discrepancies were resolved through consultation between the two or with a senior doctor who has twenty years of work experience. CT features include: (1) the measurement of the tumor size in the portal phase. (2) Assessin... | PMC10700214 |
Statistical analysis | The data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and R software (Version 41.0 | PMC10700214 | ||
Result | PMC10700214 | |||
Nomogram establishment | RECURRENCE | The risk prediction model using the nomogram was based on the combined model (Fig. Construct a nomogram based on the combined model and add the points of each variable to obtain the total points. The total points correspond to the risk probability of early postoperative recurrence (Risk), which can be visualized Readou... | PMC10700214 | |
Acknowledgements | Cancer | CANCER | We thank those who participated in the study, as well as the radiographers, nurses in the Radiology and Surgery department at the first affiliated hospital Guangxi medical University, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital in Nanning, China, for t... | PMC10700214 |
Author contributions | HL | All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by CZ, XG, XH, YW, LC, NL, HL, JL. The first draft of the manuscript was written by CZ and XG, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the... | PMC10700214 | |
Funding | This work was supported by Guangxi Natural Science Foundation Project, Guangxi, China, 2023GXNSFAA026053. National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC81360220, 81260214. | PMC10700214 | ||
Declarations | PMC10700214 | |||
Conflict of interest | The authors have not disclosed any competing interests. | PMC10700214 | ||
Ethical standard Research involves human participants | All data were from routine clinical test, and there was no clinical intervention for the participants in the study. | PMC10700214 | ||
Informed consent | All informed consents for the routine clinical tests were obtained from participants. While for the retrospective nature of this study, informed consents for participating in this study were waived by the Institutional Review Board. | PMC10700214 | ||
References | PMC10700214 | |||
Abstract | PMC10566543 | |||
Objective | demineralized lesions, orthodontic | To evaluate the effect of high-fluoride mouth rinse and high-fluoride toothpaste on the development of demineralized lesions (DLs) during orthodontic treatment. | PMC10566543 | |
Trial design | Three-armed parallel-group randomized controlled trial. | PMC10566543 | ||
Methods | incisors, caries, orthodontic, teeth or teeth, FMR, lateral incisors | CARIES | The trial was performed with 270 adolescent orthodontic patients. Randomization was performed in blocks of 30, enrolling the patients into one of the following groups: the fluoride mouth rinse (FMR) group receiving 0.2% sodium fluoride (NaF) mouth rinse plus 1450 ppm fluoride (F) toothpaste; high-fluoride toothpaste (H... | PMC10566543 |
Recruitment | October 2010 to December 2012 | PMC10566543 | ||
Results | incisors, orthodontic | In total, 270 patients were randomized, of which 22 were excluded during treatment. Therefore, 248 participants were included in the study. The number of patients with an increase of ≥1 DL, including only central- and lateral incisors and canines, during orthodontic treatment, was significantly lower in the HFT group, ... | PMC10566543 | |
Conclusions | To prevent demineralized lesions in the aesthetic zone, high-fluoride mouth rinse and high-fluoride toothpaste may be recommended. | PMC10566543 | ||
Limitations | The protocol was not registered, and the present study did not use a double-blinded design. | PMC10566543 | ||
Introduction | demineralized lesions, caries, orthodontic | DEMINERALIZATION, CARIES, SIDE EFFECT | Early demineralized lesions (DLs), also called white spot lesions (WSLs), are a common and undesirable side effect of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances [There is good scientific support that fluoride complicates demineralization and facilitates remineralization [High-fluoride mouth rinse (0.2% NaF) is commonl... | PMC10566543 |
Subjects and methods | PMC10566543 | |||
Trial design | The single study employed a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial with three arms parallel group with 1:1:1 allocation ratio. The study design was approved by the Research Ethical Board in Gothenburg, Sweden (Reg. no. 321-09). The study protocol was not registered. No changes were made to the methods after t... | PMC10566543 | ||
Participants, eligibility criteria, and settings | DISEASE, RECRUITMENT | Recruitment for the study started in October 2010 and continued to December 2012. In total, 300 participants who were referred to the Specialist Clinic for Orthodontic Dentistry, Public Dental Service (Mölndal, Sweden) were invited to participate in the study. The study population for the study was patients’ residents ... | PMC10566543 | |
Interventions | Patients were randomly allocated to one of the following groups with associated fluoride protocols: | PMC10566543 | ||
Fluoride mouth rinse (FMR) group. | Caries, tooth | CARIES | Rinsing with a fluoride mouth rinse (0.2% NaF, corresponding to 900 ppm F, Flux; Actavis, Stockholm, Sweden) twice daily and tooth brushing twice a day; using standard toothpaste (1450 ppm F, Colgate Caries Control; Colgate-Palmolive, Lyngby, Denmark). The patients were instructed to use the provided fluoride mouth rin... | PMC10566543 |
High-concentration fluoride toothpaste (HFT) group. | Tooth | Tooth brushing twice daily using a high-concentration fluoride toothpaste (5000 ppm F, Duraphat; Colgate-Palmolive). | PMC10566543 | |
Fluoride toothpaste (FT) control group. | tooth brushing and mouth, Caries, Tooth, FMR | CARIES | Tooth brushing twice daily using standard toothpaste (1450 ppm F, Colgate Caries Control; Colgate-Palmolive).The participants were given verbal and written information regarding product use. The patients were instructed to apply 2 cm (approximately 1 g) of toothpaste to the brush, in accordance with the manufacturer’s ... | PMC10566543 |
Outcomes | SECONDARY | The predictor variables in this study were the use of different fluoride products. The primary outcome variable was the DL incidence; the proportion of participants with at least one new demineralized lesion, as assessed on digital photos taken before and after orthodontic treatment on the buccal surfaces of permanent ... | PMC10566543 | |
Sample size calculation | The sample size estimation was determined with a power calculation assessing superiority, with the significance level set at 0.05 and 80% power. With the α and β values set at 0.05 and 0.2, respectively, 66 patients per group were needed to disclose a difference of 25% between the groups in the proportion of patients w... | PMC10566543 | ||
Interim analyses and stopping guidelines | Not applicable. | PMC10566543 | ||
Randomization and blinding | In this single-blind trial, a randomization sequence was generated in blocks of 30 to ensure that equal numbers of patients were allocated to each group. Thirty paper sheets (10 FMR, 10 HFT, and 10 CTR) were folded and placed in a basket (AW). Before treatment commenced, each patient selected a paper sheet from the bas... | PMC10566543 | ||
Statistical analysis | Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS® version 20.0 for Windows, SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and SAS 9.4 (SAS 9.4 by SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA). For continuous variables, mean (SD)/median (min; max)/number are presented. For categorical variables, | PMC10566543 | ||
Results | PMC10566543 | |||
Participants and baseline data | In total, 270 participants were included in the study, of which 95 were males and 175 were females. The dropout rate was 8.1% (22 patients), including seven patients who were lost to follow-up due to several reasons (Flowchart for participants and dropouts in the trial. Adapted from CONSORT.At baseline, the gender dist... | PMC10566543 | ||
DL on the patient level | teeth | At baseline, 17 patients (21.0%) in the FMR group showed 0 DL, while 22 patients (25.9%) in the HFT group and 15 (18.3%) patients in the control group showed 0 DL. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding baseline DL status on patient level (Relative risks (risk ratios) for increas... | PMC10566543 | |
DL based on surface level and lesion severity | canins, lateral incisors | In total, 5465 buccal tooth surfaces were scored before and after baseline. At baseline, the first molar was most frequently affected by DL, 163 (65.7%) patients showed DL on one, two, three or all first molars. During treatment, the central incisor, lateral incisors, and canins in the upper arch demonstrated the highe... | PMC10566543 | |
Intra- and inter-examiner reliability levels | Cohen’s κ and weighted κ values were calculated to determine intra- (reassessment of the collection after 1 month) and inter-examiner reliability (two examiners assessed photographs from 30 patients) for DL measurements. The intra-examiner κ value was 0.81 (very good), and the inter-examiner κ value was 0.78 (good). In... | PMC10566543 | ||
Compliance | Compliance was evaluated 1 year after the initiation of treatment. Of the participants, 236 (95.2%) of the 248 participants stated that they brushed their teeth at least twice a day during the treatment. All patients stated that they used a fluoride toothpaste for brushing. In addition, 76 patients (93.8%) in the FMR g... | PMC10566543 | ||
Harms | allergy | ADVERSE EVENTS, ALLERGY | No patient reported any adverse events, such as allergy or other harms, in relation to using the fluoride products. | PMC10566543 |
Discussion | incisors, lateral incisors | The number of patients with an increase of ≥1 DL during orthodontic treatment was significantly higher in the CTR group compared to the HFT group and the FMR group when only central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines were included in the analysis. Therefore, in the aesthetic zone, patients benefitted from using fl... | PMC10566543 | |
Generalizability | The study findings can be generalized for patient groups with similar baseline DL status, mean age, inclusion/exclusion criteria, and treatment protocols. However, single centre reduces generalizability, albeit with multiple operators. | PMC10566543 | ||
Conclusions | incisors, orthodontic, lateral incisors | A positive effect of high fluoride toothpaste and fluoride mouth rinse in preventing DL on central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines during orthodontic treatment. DLs are still a problem during orthodontic treatment. Therefore, future randomized controlled clinical trials are needed to assess evidence-based guide... | PMC10566543 | |
Supplementary Material | Click here for additional data file.Click here for additional data file. | PMC10566543 | ||
Funding | The Swedish Patent Revenue Fund (grant number EKF-780/19). | PMC10566543 | ||
Author Contributions | Hanna Enerbäck (Data curation [Equal], Formal analysis [Equal], Investigation [Equal], Software [Equal], Validation [Equal], Writing – original draft [Lead], Writing – review & editing [Equal]), Mai Lin Lövgren (Data curation [Equal], Validation [Equal]), Nicklas Strömberg (Methodology [Equal], Supervision [Supporting]... | PMC10566543 | ||
Conflict of interest | The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. | PMC10566543 | ||
Data availability | Data are available on request. | PMC10566543 | ||
References | PMC10566543 | |||
Abstract | PMC10368966 | |||
Background | infection | INFECTION, RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS (RSV) | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a cause of substantial morbidity and mortality in young children. There is currently no effective therapy available. | PMC10368966 |
Methods | RSV INFECTION | This was a Phase 2 study of the oral RSV fusion protein inhibitor AK0529 in infants aged 1–24 months, hospitalized with RSV infection. In Part 1, patients ( | PMC10368966 | |
Results | death | ADVERSE EVENTS | No safety or tolerability signals were detected for AK0529: grade ≥3 treatment‐emergent adverse events occurring in 4.1% of patients in AK0529 and 4.2% in placebo groups, respectively, and none led to death or withdrawal from the study. In Part 2, targeted drug exposure was reached with 2 mg/kg bid. A numerically great... | PMC10368966 |
Conclusions | AK0529 was well tolerated in hospitalized RSV‐infected infant patients. Treatment with AK0529 2 mg/kg bid was observed to reduce viral load and Wang Respiratory Score. | PMC10368966 | ||
Clinical Trials Registration | NCT02654171.
Li‐Min Huang and Andreas Schibler contributed equally.
| PMC10368966 | ||
INTRODUCTION | respiratory infections, deaths | RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS, RSV INFECTION, RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS (RSV) | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is estimated to annually cause 30 million respiratory infections world‐wide, particularly in young children, with around three million associated hospital admissions and >60,000 in‐hospital deaths in children younger than 5 years.A promising target for RSV drug development is the class... | PMC10368966 |
METHODS | PMC10368966 | |||
Patient selection | RSV INFECTION, MAY | Study participants were infants aged ≥1–≤24 months, weighing >3 kg at screening, and within the 10th and 90th age percentiles (inclusive), requiring hospitalization for management of virologically confirmed RSV infection. They were continuously enrolled from May 2016 to April 2019 RSV seasons in the subtropical regions... | PMC10368966 | |
Study design | This was a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized, multicenter study with the primary objective to evaluate the safety and tolerability of single and multiple oral doses of AK0529. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the effect of AK0529 on Wang Respiratory Score, to determine the effects of treatment on viral ... | PMC10368966 | ||
Study assessments | lethargy, wheezing, irritability | RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISORDERS | The Wang Respiratory Score assesses the severity of respiratory rate, wheezing, retraction of respiratory muscles, and general condition on a scale from 0 to 3 except for the general condition, which is scored 0 for normal and 3 for irritability or lethargy. The sum score, ranging between 0 and 12 (most severe), reflec... | PMC10368966 |
Safety | ADVERSE EVENTS | Safety and tolerability was evaluated by clinical assessment of safety data, including laboratory data, electrocardiographic data, vital signs, and adverse events (AEs). | PMC10368966 | |
PK | Individual plasma concentrations of the active drug were measured, and PK were determined using nonlinear mixed‐effect models. In all cases, when new data were available, the updated model was used for evaluation under the assumption of an allometric coefficient of 0.75 and incorporation of CYP maturation. Using a Popu... | PMC10368966 | ||
Statistical analysis | respiratory viral infections | RSV INFECTION, RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTION | Clinical safety and tolerability were assessed on the safety population, comprising all subjects who received ≥1 dose of study drug. Clinical variables were evaluated in the full analysis population, which included all subjects who received a dose of study drug and for whom ≥1 post‐treatment assessment was available. P... | PMC10368966 |
RESULTS | PMC10368966 | |||
Study population | The study flow is shown in Figure Study flow chart. Demographic characteristics. Percentages do not always add up to 100% because of rounding.One subject received unblinded treatment with AK0529 (2 mg/kg bid) on a compassionate use basis and was excluded from the full analysis population.Baseline Wang respiratory score... | PMC10368966 | ||
Reduction in viral load and S&S scores | ADENOVIRUS, VIRUS, COINFECTION, RHINOVIRUS, DISEASE, REMISSION | In Part 1, reductions in viral load at 24 h after a single dose AK0529 administration were <1 log(A) Median change in viral load from baseline to 96 h post‐dose in Part 2 (full analysis population). (B) Median change in Wang respiratory score by dose level in Part 2 (full analysis population). *In Part 1, median Wang R... | PMC10368966 | |
Safety | pneumonia, hyperkalemia | ADVERSE EVENTS, ADVERSE EVENT, PNEUMONIA | The safety profile of AK0529 is shown in Table Adverse event profile of AK0529 compared with placebo.Abbreviations: AEs, adverse events; SAEs, serious adverse events; TEAEs, treatment‐emergent adverse events.One case each of increased aspartate aminotransferase, increased transaminases, hyperkalemia.Two cases of unrela... | PMC10368966 |
PK | Pharmacokinetic parameters evaluated in Part 1 are shown in Table Predicted concentration‐time profiles for different single doses of AK0529 from Part 1 study.
Abbreviations: AUC, area under the plasma concentration‐time curve; Cmax, maximal concentration; CV, coefficient of variation; tThe 4 mg/kg dose group includes ... | PMC10368966 | ||
DISCUSSION | infection, pneumonia, ill | RSV INFECTION, PNEUMONIA, DISEASE, INFECTION, INFECTION TOE | The current Phase 2 study supports a favorable safety profile of the The results may appear moderate but need to be viewed in context. In a Phase II study with JNJ‐8678 in infants hospitalized with RSV, a greater reduction in RSV viral load than with placebo did not translate into observed clinical benefit, with no imp... | PMC10368966 |
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS | PMC10368966 | |||
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT | RSV diseases | JZW is a co‐inventor of patents (WO2013020993A, 2012; CN105726488B, 2014) covering a compound targeting RSV diseases and a preparation method of the formula. ST and JZW are co‐inventors of a patent (WO2021083290A1; 2020) covering RSV fusion protein inhibitor composition and its use for the treatment and prophylaxis of ... | PMC10368966 | |
ETHICS APPROVAL STATEMENT | The ethics committee at each trial center approved the trial. All subjects' parents or legal guardians provided written informed consent. All subjects' parents or legal guardians provided written informed consent. | PMC10368966 | ||
Supporting information |
Click here for additional data file. | PMC10368966 | ||
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | BRUCE, FRANK | The authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of Professor Stephen Allen of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine for leading the SRC, Wynne Cheng and Frank Hsu of Tigermed for project management and biostatistical work, Drs. Bruce Green and Fran Stringer of Model Answers for biometrics supports. We gratef... | PMC10368966 | |
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT | As this is a study in pediatric patients, the raw data are not publicly available because of privacy and ethical restrictions. | PMC10368966 | ||
REFERENCES | PMC10368966 | |||
Background | AUD | DISORDER | Motivational enhancement therapy (MET) has shown to be efficacious as treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD), in reducing alcohol consumption and related consequences. However, qualitative research on how patients perceive this treatment is lacking. The aim of this study was to explore how patients experience MET as a... | PMC10357895 |
Methods | Fifteen patients (8/7 female/male) participated in semi-structured interviews after receiving MET at a specialized addiction outpatient clinic in Sweden. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis. | PMC10357895 | ||
Results | Five themes were identified: the therapist conveyed the MI-spirit, the therapist did not guide on how to reach the goal, participants were committed to change before starting treatment, participants were uncertain if treatment was enough to maintain change, and significant others were not wanted in sessions. Participan... | PMC10357895 | ||
Keywords | Open access funding provided by Karolinska Institute. | PMC10357895 | ||
Introduction | goal-related behaviors, AUD | DISORDERS | Motivation is essential for a person to achieve behavior change and maintain goal-related behaviors [Since the introduction of MI more than 30 years ago, several meta-analyses have been conducted to investigate its effectiveness [Motivational enhancement therapy (MET) is a manualized version of MI for the treatment of ... | PMC10357895 |
Methods | PMC10357895 | |||
Participants and procedure | psychiatric | DISORDER | Participants were recruited within a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in Stockholm, Sweden, that investigated the efficacy of two psychological treatments: Behavioral Self-control Training (BSCT) and MET, including 250 individuals with AUD and a goal of controlled drinking. The primary outcome of the trial has been re... | PMC10357895 |
Motivational enhancement therapy | MET, as applied in this study, included four sessions, and was distributed over 12 weeks [ | PMC10357895 | ||
Therapists | Five MET therapists were involved in the current study. All had extensive training in MI and MET, with clinical experience in both MI and MET ranging from 10 to 20 years. Therapists attended regular supervision meetings and received regular feedback on their recordings in accordance with the Motivational Interviewing T... | PMC10357895 | ||
Measures | PMC10357895 | |||
Baseline measures | Baseline measures, as well as sociodemographic data, were collected as part of the clinical trial protocol. Alcohol consumption was assessed using the timeline follow-back method [ | PMC10357895 | ||
Interviews | A semi-structured interview guide was developed by the research team. Four areas were covered: (1) The treatment experience, and if there were positive and negative features. (2) Whether the treatment was helpful and, if so, in what way? If not, in what way? (3) Was the treatment sufficient to achieve change regarding ... | PMC10357895 |
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