dpquoc/ARC · Datasets at Hugging Face

Unnamed: 0 int64 0 2.25k	id stringlengths 8 22	question stringlengths 17 683	A stringlengths 1 147	B stringlengths 1 134	C stringlengths 1 153	D stringlengths 1 129 ⌀	answer stringclasses 5 values
981	NCEOGA_2013_5_40	Which are examples of inherited traits?	specific beliefs	fingerprints	memories	nose shape	D
982	Mercury_7135730	An object has a weight of 10 kg on the surface of Earth. If the same object were transported to the surface of Mars, the object would have a weight of 3.8 kg. Which best explains why the weight of the object changed when transported from Earth to Mars?	The density of the object is greater on Earth than it is on Mars.	The volume of the object is greater on Earth than it is on Mars.	Gravitational force is greater on Earth than it is on Mars.	Atmospheric pressure is less on Earth than it is on Mars.	C
983	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_23	Which characteristic can a puppy inherit from its parents?	muddy paws	spotted fur	broken foot	scar on face	B
984	Mercury_185045	According to Darwin's theory of evolution, the variations among finches that he observed in the Galapagos Islands resulted from	transmission of acquired characteristics.	use or disuse of their beaks.	natural mutagens.	natural selection.	D
985	ACTAAP_2010_5_16	Jennifer has collected rocks while hiking. As she attempts to classify her rocks, which will she put in the pile of sedimentary rocks?	Black-and-gray crystalline rocks	Shiny rocks with smooth textures	Rocks with visible pieces of shells in them	Rocks with small interlocking crystals in them	C
986	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_4_10	Which form of energy is found in food?	chemical	electrical	sound	mechanical	A
987	Mercury_7181598	The Sun is a medium-sized star and is expected to continue to perform nuclear fusion for five billion years. What is most likely to be the final stage of the Sun?	supernova	supergiant	neutron star	white dwarf	D
988	Mercury_7012898	Which statement is the best description of the Milky Way galaxy?	a collection of gases held together by inertia	a group of planets revolving around a single star	a collection of stars and gases with the Sun as its center	a group of stars, dust, and planets held together by gravity	D
989	Mercury_7252280	When specific hormones are present in the blood of a hen, an egg is released from an ovary. Which two systems are involved with the release of an egg?	immune and digestive systems	digestive and endocrine systems	reproductive and immune systems	endocrine and reproductive systems	D
990	Mercury_7097615	Fossil records indicate that Earth was first inhabited by bacteria-like organisms. These organisms	were single-celled.	had organ systems.	were multi-cellular.	had small appendages.	A
991	Mercury_7109673	Onions can reproduce from bulbs. One parent bulb generates daughter bulbs with duplicate genetic information. Which is the most likely advantage of this kind of reproduction?	Population size remains constant.	Beneficial mutations are inevitable.	Genetic variation is maximized.	Large quantities of individuals can be produced rapidly.	D
992	Mercury_414370	Which action involving a pulley system requires the least amount of force?	using several pulleys together instead of a single pulley	using a fixed pulley instead of a moveable pulley	pulling a long rope instead of a short rope	pulling a rope up instead of down	A
993	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_13	In which environment would a white rabbit be best protected from predators?	a shady forest	a snowy field	a grassy lawn	a muddy riverbank	B
994	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_4	Which form of energy is needed to change water from a liquid to a gas?	heat	mechanical	chemical	sound	A
995	VASoL_2011_5_15	Which of these is a function of a leaf?	Carrying nutrients throughout the plant	Converting solar energy into sugar	Creating shade for the plant	Absorbing water from the ground	B
996	Mercury_7216458	Which of these is most likely to be spread when two people drink from the same water bottle?	asthma	malaria	strep throat	hay fever	C
997	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_9	The sum of all chemical reactions in the human body is known as	feedback	metabolism	dynamic equilibrium	biological adaptation	B
998	MCAS_2006_9_23-v1	The water contained in a geyser system gains energy from the underground material surrounding it. The water molecules gain kinetic energy and this results in an increase in the pressure of the water. Eventually the geyser erupts and expels water into the air above ground. Which of the following types of energy is the source for the initial energy gain of the water?	electrical	magnetic	mechanical	thermal	D
999	Mercury_7163118	In a laboratory activity, four different types of rock were placed in identical acid solutions for one week. Each sample was then measured to see if any of the rock mass was dissolved by the acid solution. Which is the dependent (responding) variable in this activity?	the mass of each rock	the type of rock tested	the length of time of the test	the amount of dissolved rock	D
1,000	OHAT_2007_8_25	Which cell structure carries out a function for a cell that is similar to the function that bark carries out for a tree?	cell wall	nucleus	chloroplast	mitochondrion	A
1,001	Mercury_7081515	The number of squirrels in a certain ecosystem changes over time. These changes can be represented as a number of connected data points. Which method would a student most likely use to show this information?	pie chart	line graph	pictogram	data table	B
1,002	Mercury_7133840	Pedro shook a can of soda. When the soda was opened, foam and soda burst from the can. Which statement best explains what happened?	A new substance was formed.	The gas pressure was released from the can.	The sugar in the soda turned into a gas.	The can absorbed heat from the air.	B
1,003	CSZ10053	Where is most of Earth's water located?	glaciers	lakes	oceans	rivers	C
1,004	Mercury_7144848	Investigations were performed to test several methods of keeping petals from falling off flowers that had been cut. Which is the most likely reason for this investigation?	to test a hypothesis	to form a theory	to produce a scientific paper	to change previous results	A
1,005	Mercury_7001820	Two seismographs are placed 500 km from an active fault line, one on each side of the active fault line. During an earthquake, what most likely accounts for the different readings on the seismographs?	the pull of gravity on the waves	the interaction of light with waves	the differences in the strength of the waves' origins	the different media through which the waves travel	D
1,006	ACTAAP_2011_5_11	Scientists dig in a dry area at the bottom of a mountain range. Fossilized shells of freshwater mussels are found in the area. Which is a likely conclusion that scientists will draw based on this evidence?	Rivers once flowed through the area.	Volcanoes were once active in the area.	The ocean shoreline once reached this area.	Floods were a common occurrence in this area.	A
1,007	Mercury_188965	An apple appears red when struck by white light. This appearance is because the red light is reflected and the other colors are absorbed. What color will this apple appear to be when struck by blue light?	black	blue	red	white	A
1,008	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_3	In New York State, an observer will usually see the Sun rise in the	north	south	east	west	C
1,009	Mercury_SC_410875	Burning coal and natural gas are ways to produce electricity. Both coal and natural gas are nonrenewable resources. Which is an example of producing electricity using a renewable source of energy?	using food pieces to make compost	gliding a boat through the water using sails	putting an energy-saving lightbulb in a lamp	heating a home with energy collected by solar panels	D
1,010	Mercury_SC_401258	When liquid water freezes, it forms ice. What is the physical state of an ice cube?	gas	solid	liquid	plasma	B
1,011	Mercury_SC_400372	A student uses a hand lens to observe which of these objects?	a mountain	the Moon	an insect	bacteria	C
1,012	Mercury_405133	Which type of rock would most likely contain a fossil?	metamorphic rock	sedimentary rock	igneous rock	molten rock	B
1,013	Mercury_410744	Some events on Earth happen instantly while others take thousands of years to occur. Which process takes the longest time to complete?	rivers rising due to storms and floods	evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant	weathering of a rock to form small rocks and sand	movement of small pieces of rock by flowing water	C
1,014	Mercury_405938	Where do many of the basic life functions take place in organisms?	brain	cells	heart	nerves	B
1,015	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_14	Which physical structure would best help a bear to survive a winter in New York State?	big ears	black nose	thick fur	brown eyes	C
1,016	Mercury_SC_402081	What is made when sugar is dissolved in water?	a colloid	a solution	a suspension	an evaporation	B
1,017	Mercury_7093118	Gasoline for cars is produced from fossil fuels. Using gasoline can most likely lead to which environmental problem?	soil erosion	water pollution	wildlife extinction	global warming	D
1,018	MCAS_2016_8_9	Which of the following is a cause of the ocean levels periodically rising and then falling?	the slight tilt of the Moon	the force of gravity from the Moon	the convection within Earth's mantle	the revolution of Earth around the Sun	B
1,019	Mercury_188633	A scientist is searching for areas where new solar systems might form. What feature is the scientist looking for?	a star similar to our Sun	a cloud of dust and gas	an oxygen-rich atmosphere	a gravitational acceleration of 9.8 m/sec2	B
1,020	Mercury_7043750	About how often is a full moon observed from Earth's surface?	each week	once a month	every two weeks	once each leap year	B
1,021	Mercury_SC_LBS10945	When animals use energy, they produce	nitrogen	iron sulfide	oxygen	carbon dioxide	D
1,022	ACTAAP_2009_7_7	Which would provide evidence of seafloor spreading?	higher levels of salinity in the ocean water	stronger currents at the surface of the ocean	cooled magma found on the edge of the plates	greater reproduction levels for organisms at the bottom of the ocean	C
1,023	MCAS_2000_8_5	Mitosis occurs in living things when a cell divides to produce two cells. Compared to the original cell, how many chromosomes are in each of the resulting cells?	half as many	the same number	twice as many	an unpredictable number	B
1,024	Mercury_7138583	Which organ directly works to protect the human body from disease?	heart	kidney	pancreas	skin	D
1,025	AIMS_2009_8_4	Steven went to a farm and picked a bright red tomato from a broken branch on the plant. The tomato had a rotten spot with a worm inside of it. Instead of eating the tomato, Steven decided to plant the seeds and grow new tomato plants. Which characteristic of the tomato plant is inherited and could change over several generations?	color of the skin	size of rotten spots	length of worms inside	number of broken branches	A
1,026	Mercury_SC_401231	Many leaves appear green because the leaves	resist green light.	bend all colors except green.	reflect green light.	reflect all colors except green.	C
1,027	Mercury_7271338	Which of these is the best definition of heredity?	the transfer of learning from one generation to the next	the transfer of visible features from one generation to the next	the passage of dominant genes from one generation to the next	the passage of genetic information from one generation to the next	D
1,028	MCAS_2005_9_2-v1	Which of the following describes how a microwave oven heats food?	The oven's interior reflects heat onto the food.	The oven's interior, like a lens, focuses heat onto the food.	Water molecules in the food reflect energy from microwave radiation.	Water molecules in the food absorb the energy of microwave radiation.	D
1,029	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_30	Which three systems of the human body function together to move and control body parts?	nervous, skeletal, and muscular	muscular, endocrine, and excretory	digestive, excretory, and reproductive	circulatory, endocrine, and respiratory	A
1,030	Mercury_7166933	Astronomers have found evidence for the existence of a super-massive black hole in the center of the giant elliptical galaxy M87. What is thought to cause black holes to form?	the death of a low-mass star	the gravity of a large nebula	the collapse of a high-mass star	the combining of material from planets	C
1,031	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_10	A research team wanted to produce a smaller variety of German shepherd dogs. They mated the smallest dogs from different litters for several generations. This is an example of which concept?	extinction	mutation	selective breeding	natural selection	C
1,032	Mercury_SC_410961	A class learns about weather. The students in the class measure the outside air temperature at the same time each day. Which way of measuring the temperature would provide the most accurate data?	taking the measurement in the shade	placing the thermometer on the ground	taking a measurement using a different tool each day	recording the measurements from three thermometers	D
1,033	Mercury_7263725	Earth's magnetosphere is not uniformly shaped. It is compressed on the side facing the Sun and has a long tail extending away from the Sun. Which phenomenon is responsible for this shape?	centripetal force of Earth's rotation	gravitational attraction between Earth and the Sun	solar winds bringing high-energy particles toward Earth	differences in the distance between Earth and the Sun during Earth's orbit	C
1,034	TIMSS_2007_4_pg99	Which living organism makes its own food using sunlight?	lizard	tree	deer	hawk	B
1,035	Mercury_182858	Who was the first person to base a system of classification on organisms having similar structures?	Aristotle	Darwin	Einstein	Linnaeus	D
1,036	Mercury_7064540	Which is a process that converts sunlight energy into a compound that stores chemical energy?	phototropism	photosynthesis	respiration	pollination	B
1,037	Mercury_7001733	Which most likely contributed to the extinction of many species and endangered the survival of others?	pollution	habitat destruction	an asteroid hitting Earth	tectonic plate movement	B
1,038	TIMSS_1995_8_N6	Which is the most basic unit of living things?	Cells	Bones	Tissues	Organs	A
1,039	Mercury_SC_416158	What are the two main jobs of the skeletal system?	support and protect the body	digest food and carry messages for the body	get rid of wastes and defend the body from disease	sense changes in the environment and carry food through the body	A
1,040	Mercury_7135870	Which is an example of a chemical change?	sand separated from water by filtering	water evaporating from a puddle	a rock being eroded by wind	a nail rusting in water	D
1,041	Mercury_7218330	Which of these is a renewable resource found in Nevada?	zinc metal	gravel deposits	petroleum products	geothermal energy	D
1,042	Mercury_7043558	Which two body systems are involved in inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide?	endocrine and skeletal	excretory and nervous	circulatory and respiratory	digestive and reproductive	C
1,043	Mercury_7165323	Materials such as carbon and nitrogen go through cycles. The cycling of nitrogen waste materials is mostly dependent upon the role of which factor?	atmosphere	bacteria	sunlight	trees	B
1,044	Mercury_7206413	Which of these is unique to the process of scientific investigation?	observing an event as it occurs	discussing results with other experts	publishing the results on a webpage	collecting data in an experiment	D
1,045	Mercury_LBS10054	Which did Thomas Edison invent?	microscope	compass	light bulb	steam engine	C
1,046	Mercury_LBS10522	If soil is permeable	water cannot flow through it.	water easily flows through it.	it contains many minerals.	it contains few minerals.	B
1,047	Mercury_SC_405147	Sally is making candy on the stove. She places a thermometer in the candy. What is she measuring?	length	speed	temperature	weight	C
1,048	Mercury_SC_408027	Anthony and Zach want to know how the temperature of the air affects the temperature of lake water. Which type of tool should they use to measure the temperatures?	balance	ruler	scale	thermometer	D
1,049	ACTAAP_2013_5_2	Which serve as evidence for a scientific theory?	guesses	opinions	arguments	observations	D
1,050	MCAS_2007_8_5170	Which of the following identifies the primary function of a radio station tower in a communication system?	decoder	encoder	receiver	transmitter	D
1,051	Mercury_SC_400660	Down feathers are used by many sleeping bag manufacturers because down feathers are	fire resistant.	comfortable padding.	good insulators.	water resistant.	C
1,052	Mercury_7195318	A farmer sprayed his orange trees with a pesticide to eliminate the insects damaging the trees. Some of the insects survived and produced offspring that were also resistant to the insecticide. Which process is illustrated by the pesticide resistance of the offspring?	natural selection	selective breeding	aerobic respiration	sexual reproduction	A
1,053	Mercury_7167020	An elephant is a multicellular organism that weighs about 200 pounds at birth and can grow to weigh as much as 15,000 pounds. What increases as the elephant grows into an adult?	the size of each body cell	the number of cells in its body	the amount of energy in its cells	the collection of water in each cell	B
1,054	Mercury_7132423	The human body is made up of organ systems that work together as one unit. Which systems work together to prepare and distribute food for cells?	digestive and circulatory	digestive and endocrine	nervous and respiratory	nervous and excretory	A
1,055	MSA_2012_8_35	The human body is composed of different systems made of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Each of these structures has a specific function that aids in the survival of the human species. Which organs are used in reproduction?	brain, spinal cord, and eyes	lungs, esophagus, and heart	mouth, stomach, and gallbladder	ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes	D
1,056	Mercury_7058100	Which type of organism is at the lowest level of the food chain?	autotroph	heterotroph	carnivore	omnivore	A
1,057	VASoL_2010_3_7	Jake's cats eat food from a can. The cats come running into the kitchen when they hear the electric can opener. Now, each time Jake's mother opens a can of corn, the cats come running. This is an example of	learned behavior	correct behavior	instinct	migration	A
1,058	Mercury_7027073	A team of surveyors takes measurements of ground altitude at horizontal intervals of 1 meter over a 400 square meter area. These measurements can best be used to produce which representation of the area?	a topographical map	a map of wind currents	a plate tectonic diagram	a chart of sedimentary layers	A
1,059	MDSA_2009_5_21	Some schools have programs to recycle paper products such as student papers, newspapers, and cardboard boxes. Which of these statements describes a positive effect of recycling paper products?	Schools need to buy less paper.	Fewer trees need to be cut.	Landfills have less room for other trash.	Recycling consumes more energy than making new paper.	B
1,060	Mercury_7211943	Light sometimes behaves as waves and other times as particles. Which property of light is equally explainable by treating light as either particles or waves?	interference of light	reflection of light	diffraction of light	polarization of light	B
1,061	Mercury_7071785	The topography of Nevada is dominated by basins and mountain ranges associated with which geological phenomena?	faults	trenches	hot spots	hydrothermal vents	A
1,062	Mercury_7007805	Which biological activity occurs in a repeated rhythm?	sneezing	coughing	breathing	blinking	C
1,063	Mercury_7269080	Which model best illustrates the wave property that enables scientists to explore Earth's interior using seismic waves?	shining a light on rock in a bowl	shining a light through a prism	shining a light through a periscope	shining a light on a sundial	B
1,064	MDSA_2007_5_14	In 1933, a hurricane came ashore at Ocean City, Maryland. A hurricane negatively affects a coastline by	causing erosion	causing earthquakes	increasing food production	increasing the growth of grasses	A
1,065	MEA_2010_8_4-v1	Which statement describes the location of our Sun in the universe?	Our Sun orbits Earth in the Andromeda galaxy.	Our Sun orbits Earth in the Milky Way galaxy.	Our Sun is the center of a solar system in the Milky Way galaxy.	Our Sun is the center of a solar system in the Andromeda galaxy.	C
1,066	AIMS_2009_4_17	Scientists claim that the area around the Grand Canyon was once covered by an ocean. What evidence would support their claim?	Dinosaur footprints were found near the Grand Canyon.	Fish were found living in the rivers of the Grand Canyon.	Fossils of ocean animals were found at the Grand Canyon.	Bones from desert animals were found at the Grand Canyon.	C
1,067	ACTAAP_2007_7_32	Which is true of scientific discoveries?	All scientific discoveries are based solely on observation and never experimentation.	Sometimes scientific discoveries are made by accident, like the discovery of penicillin.	If a scientist cannot provide the exact time and place his or her discovery was made, it is dismissed.	All scientific discoveries are regulated by government agencies, like the Food and Drug Administration.	B
1,068	Mercury_SC_401768	Which is a process that most likely formed the Appalachian Mountains found in the eastern part of North America?	earthquake	folded rock	plate tectonics	volcanic activity	C
1,069	Mercury_7093135	Which technology used to generate electrical power involves a trade-off between economical electricity and long-term waste disposal problems?	fossil fuel	nuclear reactor	solar collector	wind turbine	B
1,070	MCAS_2010_5_9	All the ponds in an area dried up during a drought. The population of which of the following animals that live in the area is most affected by the drought?	deer	frog	hawk	squirrel	B
1,071	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_16	Which substance is usually found in nature as a liquid, solid, and gas?	water	rock	metal	glass	A
1,072	Mercury_417474	The scientific name for a giraffe is Giraffa camelopardalis. What two levels of classification does this name represent?	family and order	kingdom and genus	phylum and domain	genus and species	D
1,073	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_39	The Moon has the greatest effect on Earth's	year	seasons	ocean tides	daylight hours	C
1,074	Mercury_405160	Granite is classified as a rock because it	is made of minerals.	is hard and rounded.	has crystals.	has mass.	A
1,075	Mercury_7011375	The measure of the amount of light received on Earth from a star is known as	parallax.	redshift.	absolute magnitude.	apparent magnitude.	D
1,076	MCAS_2007_8_5162	Heat from deep in Earth's interior is transferred to its crust by which of the following?	conduction in the ocean	convection in the mantle	radiation from the solid core	evaporation at mid-ocean ridges	B
1,077	TAKS_2009_8_26	The growth of which of the following usually occurs first in primary succession on a bare rock?	Lichens	Grasses	Trees	Shrubs	A
1,078	Mercury_7011428	The process by which water vapor in the atmosphere cools and becomes a liquid is called	evaporation.	perspiration.	condensation.	transportation.	C
1,079	Mercury_SC_400023	A student is dropping objects of various sizes and shapes and recording the time it takes for each object to hit the ground. Which question is the student most likely trying to answer?	What force slows some objects down?	What force pulls objects to the ground?	Do some objects fall more quickly than others?	Do objects break or bounce when hitting the ground?	C
1,080	AKDE&ED_2012_8_41	Which two processes in the water cycle are primarily responsible for the creation of a lake?	evaporation and runoff	evaporation and condensation	precipitation and runoff	precipitation and condensation	C

981

NCEOGA_2013_5_40

Which are examples of inherited traits?

specific beliefs

fingerprints

memories

nose shape

D

982

Mercury_7135730

An object has a weight of 10 kg on the surface of Earth. If the same object were transported to the surface of Mars, the object would have a weight of 3.8 kg. Which best explains why the weight of the object changed when transported from Earth to Mars?

The density of the object is greater on Earth than it is on Mars.

The volume of the object is greater on Earth than it is on Mars.

Gravitational force is greater on Earth than it is on Mars.

Atmospheric pressure is less on Earth than it is on Mars.

C

983

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_23

Which characteristic can a puppy inherit from its parents?

muddy paws

spotted fur

broken foot

scar on face

B

984

Mercury_185045

According to Darwin's theory of evolution, the variations among finches that he observed in the Galapagos Islands resulted from

transmission of acquired characteristics.

use or disuse of their beaks.

natural mutagens.

natural selection.

D

985

ACTAAP_2010_5_16

Jennifer has collected rocks while hiking. As she attempts to classify her rocks, which will she put in the pile of sedimentary rocks?

Black-and-gray crystalline rocks

Shiny rocks with smooth textures

Rocks with visible pieces of shells in them

Rocks with small interlocking crystals in them

C

986

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_4_10

Which form of energy is found in food?

chemical

electrical

sound

mechanical

A

987

Mercury_7181598

The Sun is a medium-sized star and is expected to continue to perform nuclear fusion for five billion years. What is most likely to be the final stage of the Sun?

supernova

supergiant

neutron star

white dwarf

D

988

Mercury_7012898

Which statement is the best description of the Milky Way galaxy?

a collection of gases held together by inertia

a group of planets revolving around a single star

a collection of stars and gases with the Sun as its center

a group of stars, dust, and planets held together by gravity

D

989

Mercury_7252280

When specific hormones are present in the blood of a hen, an egg is released from an ovary. Which two systems are involved with the release of an egg?

immune and digestive systems

digestive and endocrine systems

reproductive and immune systems

endocrine and reproductive systems

D

990

Mercury_7097615

Fossil records indicate that Earth was first inhabited by bacteria-like organisms. These organisms

were single-celled.

had organ systems.

were multi-cellular.

had small appendages.

A

991

Mercury_7109673

Onions can reproduce from bulbs. One parent bulb generates daughter bulbs with duplicate genetic information. Which is the most likely advantage of this kind of reproduction?

Population size remains constant.

Beneficial mutations are inevitable.

Genetic variation is maximized.

Large quantities of individuals can be produced rapidly.

D

992

Mercury_414370

Which action involving a pulley system requires the least amount of force?

using several pulleys together instead of a single pulley

using a fixed pulley instead of a moveable pulley

pulling a long rope instead of a short rope

pulling a rope up instead of down

A

993

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_13

In which environment would a white rabbit be best protected from predators?

a shady forest

a snowy field

a grassy lawn

a muddy riverbank

B

994

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_4

Which form of energy is needed to change water from a liquid to a gas?

heat

mechanical

chemical

sound

A

995

VASoL_2011_5_15

Which of these is a function of a leaf?

Carrying nutrients throughout the plant

Converting solar energy into sugar

Creating shade for the plant

Absorbing water from the ground

B

996

Mercury_7216458

Which of these is most likely to be spread when two people drink from the same water bottle?

asthma

malaria

strep throat

hay fever

C

997

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_9

The sum of all chemical reactions in the human body is known as

feedback

metabolism

dynamic equilibrium

biological adaptation

B

998

MCAS_2006_9_23-v1

The water contained in a geyser system gains energy from the underground material surrounding it. The water molecules gain kinetic energy and this results in an increase in the pressure of the water. Eventually the geyser erupts and expels water into the air above ground. Which of the following types of energy is the source for the initial energy gain of the water?

electrical

magnetic

mechanical

thermal

D

999

Mercury_7163118

In a laboratory activity, four different types of rock were placed in identical acid solutions for one week. Each sample was then measured to see if any of the rock mass was dissolved by the acid solution. Which is the dependent (responding) variable in this activity?

the mass of each rock

the type of rock tested

the length of time of the test

the amount of dissolved rock

D

1,000

OHAT_2007_8_25

Which cell structure carries out a function for a cell that is similar to the function that bark carries out for a tree?

cell wall

nucleus

chloroplast

mitochondrion

A

1,001

Mercury_7081515

The number of squirrels in a certain ecosystem changes over time. These changes can be represented as a number of connected data points. Which method would a student most likely use to show this information?

pie chart

line graph

pictogram

data table

B

1,002

Mercury_7133840

Pedro shook a can of soda. When the soda was opened, foam and soda burst from the can. Which statement best explains what happened?

A new substance was formed.

The gas pressure was released from the can.

The sugar in the soda turned into a gas.

The can absorbed heat from the air.

B

1,003

CSZ10053

Where is most of Earth's water located?

glaciers

lakes

oceans

rivers

C

1,004

Mercury_7144848

Investigations were performed to test several methods of keeping petals from falling off flowers that had been cut. Which is the most likely reason for this investigation?

to test a hypothesis

to form a theory

to produce a scientific paper

to change previous results

A

1,005

Mercury_7001820

Two seismographs are placed 500 km from an active fault line, one on each side of the active fault line. During an earthquake, what most likely accounts for the different readings on the seismographs?

the pull of gravity on the waves

the interaction of light with waves

the differences in the strength of the waves' origins

the different media through which the waves travel

D

1,006

ACTAAP_2011_5_11

Scientists dig in a dry area at the bottom of a mountain range. Fossilized shells of freshwater mussels are found in the area. Which is a likely conclusion that scientists will draw based on this evidence?

Rivers once flowed through the area.

Volcanoes were once active in the area.

The ocean shoreline once reached this area.

Floods were a common occurrence in this area.

A

1,007

Mercury_188965

An apple appears red when struck by white light. This appearance is because the red light is reflected and the other colors are absorbed. What color will this apple appear to be when struck by blue light?

black

blue

red

white

A

1,008

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_3

In New York State, an observer will usually see the Sun rise in the

north

south

east

west

C

1,009

Mercury_SC_410875

Burning coal and natural gas are ways to produce electricity. Both coal and natural gas are nonrenewable resources. Which is an example of producing electricity using a renewable source of energy?

using food pieces to make compost

gliding a boat through the water using sails

putting an energy-saving lightbulb in a lamp

heating a home with energy collected by solar panels

D

1,010

Mercury_SC_401258

When liquid water freezes, it forms ice. What is the physical state of an ice cube?

gas

solid

liquid

plasma

B

1,011

Mercury_SC_400372

A student uses a hand lens to observe which of these objects?

a mountain

the Moon

an insect

bacteria

C

1,012

Mercury_405133

Which type of rock would most likely contain a fossil?

metamorphic rock

sedimentary rock

igneous rock

molten rock

B

1,013

Mercury_410744

Some events on Earth happen instantly while others take thousands of years to occur. Which process takes the longest time to complete?

rivers rising due to storms and floods

evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant

weathering of a rock to form small rocks and sand

movement of small pieces of rock by flowing water

C

1,014

Mercury_405938

Where do many of the basic life functions take place in organisms?

brain

cells

heart

nerves

B

1,015

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_14

Which physical structure would best help a bear to survive a winter in New York State?

big ears

black nose

thick fur

brown eyes

C

1,016

Mercury_SC_402081

What is made when sugar is dissolved in water?

a colloid

a solution

a suspension

an evaporation

B

1,017

Mercury_7093118

Gasoline for cars is produced from fossil fuels. Using gasoline can most likely lead to which environmental problem?

soil erosion

water pollution

wildlife extinction

global warming

D

1,018

MCAS_2016_8_9

Which of the following is a cause of the ocean levels periodically rising and then falling?

the slight tilt of the Moon

the force of gravity from the Moon

the convection within Earth's mantle

the revolution of Earth around the Sun

B

1,019

Mercury_188633

A scientist is searching for areas where new solar systems might form. What feature is the scientist looking for?

a star similar to our Sun

a cloud of dust and gas

an oxygen-rich atmosphere

a gravitational acceleration of 9.8 m/sec2

B

1,020

Mercury_7043750

About how often is a full moon observed from Earth's surface?

each week

once a month

every two weeks

once each leap year

B

1,021

Mercury_SC_LBS10945

When animals use energy, they produce

nitrogen

iron sulfide

oxygen

carbon dioxide

D

1,022

ACTAAP_2009_7_7

Which would provide evidence of seafloor spreading?

higher levels of salinity in the ocean water

stronger currents at the surface of the ocean

cooled magma found on the edge of the plates

greater reproduction levels for organisms at the bottom of the ocean

C

1,023

MCAS_2000_8_5

Mitosis occurs in living things when a cell divides to produce two cells. Compared to the original cell, how many chromosomes are in each of the resulting cells?

half as many

the same number

twice as many

an unpredictable number

B

1,024

Mercury_7138583

Which organ directly works to protect the human body from disease?

heart

kidney

pancreas

skin

D

1,025

AIMS_2009_8_4

Steven went to a farm and picked a bright red tomato from a broken branch on the plant. The tomato had a rotten spot with a worm inside of it. Instead of eating the tomato, Steven decided to plant the seeds and grow new tomato plants. Which characteristic of the tomato plant is inherited and could change over several generations?

color of the skin

size of rotten spots

length of worms inside

number of broken branches

A

1,026

Mercury_SC_401231

Many leaves appear green because the leaves

resist green light.

bend all colors except green.

reflect green light.

reflect all colors except green.

C

1,027

Mercury_7271338

Which of these is the best definition of heredity?

the transfer of learning from one generation to the next

the transfer of visible features from one generation to the next

the passage of dominant genes from one generation to the next

the passage of genetic information from one generation to the next

D

1,028

MCAS_2005_9_2-v1

Which of the following describes how a microwave oven heats food?

The oven's interior reflects heat onto the food.

The oven's interior, like a lens, focuses heat onto the food.

Water molecules in the food reflect energy from microwave radiation.

Water molecules in the food absorb the energy of microwave radiation.

D

1,029

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_30

Which three systems of the human body function together to move and control body parts?

nervous, skeletal, and muscular

muscular, endocrine, and excretory

digestive, excretory, and reproductive

circulatory, endocrine, and respiratory

A

1,030

Mercury_7166933

Astronomers have found evidence for the existence of a super-massive black hole in the center of the giant elliptical galaxy M87. What is thought to cause black holes to form?

the death of a low-mass star

the gravity of a large nebula

the collapse of a high-mass star

the combining of material from planets

C

1,031

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_10

A research team wanted to produce a smaller variety of German shepherd dogs. They mated the smallest dogs from different litters for several generations. This is an example of which concept?

extinction

mutation

selective breeding

natural selection

C

1,032

Mercury_SC_410961

A class learns about weather. The students in the class measure the outside air temperature at the same time each day. Which way of measuring the temperature would provide the most accurate data?

taking the measurement in the shade

placing the thermometer on the ground

taking a measurement using a different tool each day

recording the measurements from three thermometers

D

1,033

Mercury_7263725

Earth's magnetosphere is not uniformly shaped. It is compressed on the side facing the Sun and has a long tail extending away from the Sun. Which phenomenon is responsible for this shape?

centripetal force of Earth's rotation

gravitational attraction between Earth and the Sun

solar winds bringing high-energy particles toward Earth

differences in the distance between Earth and the Sun during Earth's orbit

C

1,034

TIMSS_2007_4_pg99

Which living organism makes its own food using sunlight?

lizard

tree

deer

hawk

B

1,035

Mercury_182858

Who was the first person to base a system of classification on organisms having similar structures?

Aristotle

Darwin

Einstein

Linnaeus

D

1,036

Mercury_7064540

Which is a process that converts sunlight energy into a compound that stores chemical energy?

phototropism

photosynthesis

respiration

pollination

B

1,037

Mercury_7001733

Which most likely contributed to the extinction of many species and endangered the survival of others?

pollution

habitat destruction

an asteroid hitting Earth

tectonic plate movement

B

1,038

TIMSS_1995_8_N6

Which is the most basic unit of living things?

Cells

Bones

Tissues

Organs

A

1,039

Mercury_SC_416158

What are the two main jobs of the skeletal system?

support and protect the body

digest food and carry messages for the body

get rid of wastes and defend the body from disease

sense changes in the environment and carry food through the body

A

1,040

Mercury_7135870

Which is an example of a chemical change?

sand separated from water by filtering

water evaporating from a puddle

a rock being eroded by wind

a nail rusting in water

D

1,041

Mercury_7218330

Which of these is a renewable resource found in Nevada?

zinc metal

gravel deposits

petroleum products

geothermal energy

D

1,042

Mercury_7043558

Which two body systems are involved in inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide?

endocrine and skeletal

excretory and nervous

circulatory and respiratory

digestive and reproductive

C

1,043

Mercury_7165323

Materials such as carbon and nitrogen go through cycles. The cycling of nitrogen waste materials is mostly dependent upon the role of which factor?

atmosphere

bacteria

sunlight

trees

B

1,044

Mercury_7206413

Which of these is unique to the process of scientific investigation?

observing an event as it occurs

discussing results with other experts

publishing the results on a webpage

collecting data in an experiment

D

1,045

Mercury_LBS10054

Which did Thomas Edison invent?

microscope

compass

light bulb

steam engine

C

1,046

Mercury_LBS10522

If soil is permeable

water cannot flow through it.

water easily flows through it.

it contains many minerals.

it contains few minerals.

B

1,047

Mercury_SC_405147

Sally is making candy on the stove. She places a thermometer in the candy. What is she measuring?

length

speed

temperature

weight

C

1,048

Mercury_SC_408027

Anthony and Zach want to know how the temperature of the air affects the temperature of lake water. Which type of tool should they use to measure the temperatures?

balance

ruler

scale

thermometer

D

1,049

ACTAAP_2013_5_2

Which serve as evidence for a scientific theory?

guesses

opinions

arguments

observations

D

1,050

MCAS_2007_8_5170

Which of the following identifies the primary function of a radio station tower in a communication system?

decoder

encoder

receiver

transmitter

D

1,051

Mercury_SC_400660

Down feathers are used by many sleeping bag manufacturers because down feathers are

fire resistant.

comfortable padding.

good insulators.

water resistant.

C

1,052

Mercury_7195318

A farmer sprayed his orange trees with a pesticide to eliminate the insects damaging the trees. Some of the insects survived and produced offspring that were also resistant to the insecticide. Which process is illustrated by the pesticide resistance of the offspring?

natural selection

selective breeding

aerobic respiration

sexual reproduction

A

1,053

Mercury_7167020

An elephant is a multicellular organism that weighs about 200 pounds at birth and can grow to weigh as much as 15,000 pounds. What increases as the elephant grows into an adult?

the size of each body cell

the number of cells in its body

the amount of energy in its cells

the collection of water in each cell

B

1,054

Mercury_7132423

The human body is made up of organ systems that work together as one unit. Which systems work together to prepare and distribute food for cells?

digestive and circulatory

digestive and endocrine

nervous and respiratory

nervous and excretory

A

1,055

MSA_2012_8_35

The human body is composed of different systems made of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Each of these structures has a specific function that aids in the survival of the human species. Which organs are used in reproduction?

brain, spinal cord, and eyes

lungs, esophagus, and heart

mouth, stomach, and gallbladder

ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes

D

1,056

Mercury_7058100

Which type of organism is at the lowest level of the food chain?

autotroph

heterotroph

carnivore

omnivore

A

1,057

VASoL_2010_3_7

Jake's cats eat food from a can. The cats come running into the kitchen when they hear the electric can opener. Now, each time Jake's mother opens a can of corn, the cats come running. This is an example of

learned behavior

correct behavior

instinct

migration

A

1,058

Mercury_7027073

A team of surveyors takes measurements of ground altitude at horizontal intervals of 1 meter over a 400 square meter area. These measurements can best be used to produce which representation of the area?

a topographical map

a map of wind currents

a plate tectonic diagram

a chart of sedimentary layers

A

1,059

MDSA_2009_5_21

Some schools have programs to recycle paper products such as student papers, newspapers, and cardboard boxes. Which of these statements describes a positive effect of recycling paper products?

Schools need to buy less paper.

Fewer trees need to be cut.

Landfills have less room for other trash.

Recycling consumes more energy than making new paper.

B

1,060

Mercury_7211943

Light sometimes behaves as waves and other times as particles. Which property of light is equally explainable by treating light as either particles or waves?

interference of light

reflection of light

diffraction of light

polarization of light

B

1,061

Mercury_7071785

The topography of Nevada is dominated by basins and mountain ranges associated with which geological phenomena?

faults

trenches

hot spots

hydrothermal vents

A

1,062

Mercury_7007805

Which biological activity occurs in a repeated rhythm?

sneezing

coughing

breathing

blinking

C

1,063

Mercury_7269080

Which model best illustrates the wave property that enables scientists to explore Earth's interior using seismic waves?

shining a light on rock in a bowl

shining a light through a prism

shining a light through a periscope

shining a light on a sundial

B

1,064

MDSA_2007_5_14

In 1933, a hurricane came ashore at Ocean City, Maryland. A hurricane negatively affects a coastline by

causing erosion

causing earthquakes

increasing food production

increasing the growth of grasses

A

1,065

MEA_2010_8_4-v1

Which statement describes the location of our Sun in the universe?

Our Sun orbits Earth in the Andromeda galaxy.

Our Sun orbits Earth in the Milky Way galaxy.

Our Sun is the center of a solar system in the Milky Way galaxy.

Our Sun is the center of a solar system in the Andromeda galaxy.

C

1,066

AIMS_2009_4_17

Scientists claim that the area around the Grand Canyon was once covered by an ocean. What evidence would support their claim?

Dinosaur footprints were found near the Grand Canyon.

Fish were found living in the rivers of the Grand Canyon.

Fossils of ocean animals were found at the Grand Canyon.

Bones from desert animals were found at the Grand Canyon.

C

1,067

ACTAAP_2007_7_32

Which is true of scientific discoveries?

All scientific discoveries are based solely on observation and never experimentation.

Sometimes scientific discoveries are made by accident, like the discovery of penicillin.

If a scientist cannot provide the exact time and place his or her discovery was made, it is dismissed.

All scientific discoveries are regulated by government agencies, like the Food and Drug Administration.

B

1,068

Mercury_SC_401768

Which is a process that most likely formed the Appalachian Mountains found in the eastern part of North America?

earthquake

folded rock

plate tectonics

volcanic activity

C

1,069

Mercury_7093135

Which technology used to generate electrical power involves a trade-off between economical electricity and long-term waste disposal problems?

fossil fuel

nuclear reactor

solar collector

wind turbine

B

1,070

MCAS_2010_5_9

All the ponds in an area dried up during a drought. The population of which of the following animals that live in the area is most affected by the drought?

deer

frog

hawk

squirrel

B

1,071

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_16

Which substance is usually found in nature as a liquid, solid, and gas?

water

rock

metal

glass

A

1,072

Mercury_417474

The scientific name for a giraffe is Giraffa camelopardalis. What two levels of classification does this name represent?

family and order

kingdom and genus

phylum and domain

genus and species

D

1,073

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_39

The Moon has the greatest effect on Earth's

year

seasons

ocean tides

daylight hours

C

1,074

Mercury_405160

Granite is classified as a rock because it

is made of minerals.

is hard and rounded.

has crystals.

has mass.

A

1,075

Mercury_7011375

The measure of the amount of light received on Earth from a star is known as

parallax.

redshift.

absolute magnitude.

apparent magnitude.

D

1,076

MCAS_2007_8_5162

Heat from deep in Earth's interior is transferred to its crust by which of the following?

conduction in the ocean

convection in the mantle

radiation from the solid core

evaporation at mid-ocean ridges

B

1,077

TAKS_2009_8_26

The growth of which of the following usually occurs first in primary succession on a bare rock?

Lichens

Grasses

Trees

Shrubs

A

1,078

Mercury_7011428

The process by which water vapor in the atmosphere cools and becomes a liquid is called

evaporation.

perspiration.

condensation.

transportation.

C

1,079

Mercury_SC_400023

A student is dropping objects of various sizes and shapes and recording the time it takes for each object to hit the ground. Which question is the student most likely trying to answer?

What force slows some objects down?

What force pulls objects to the ground?

Do some objects fall more quickly than others?

Do objects break or bounce when hitting the ground?

C

1,080

AKDE&ED_2012_8_41

Which two processes in the water cycle are primarily responsible for the creation of a lake?

evaporation and runoff

evaporation and condensation

precipitation and runoff

precipitation and condensation

C