dpquoc/ARC · Datasets at Hugging Face

Unnamed: 0 int64 0 2.25k	id stringlengths 8 22	question stringlengths 17 683	A stringlengths 1 147	B stringlengths 1 134	C stringlengths 1 153	D stringlengths 1 129 ⌀	answer stringclasses 5 values
881	MCAS_2007_8_5192	Which of the following describes a reason why companies irradiate some fruits and vegetables before they are sold to the public?	to improve the flavors by increasing the sugar content	to speed up the ripening of produce picked too early	to partially cook the produce before canning or freezing	to extend the shelf life by killing existing microorganisms	D
882	AIMS_2009_4_19	A glacier is a slow moving river of ice. How does a glacier help create soil?	It scrapes small particles off large rocks.	It carries plants down mountains and to oceans.	It melts and becomes part of streams and rivers.	It freezes small particles of dirt to form large rocks.	A
883	Mercury_SC_410572	During winter months, Amina sometimes notices ice covering the hoods of parked cars. Once the engine of the car runs for a while, the ice on the hood begins to melt. What form of energy is released from the car engine to melt the ice?	chemical	electrical	heat	light	C
884	Mercury_7103635	A student notices dogs have more fleas in the summer than in the winter. Based on these observations, which is the most logical question for the student to investigate?	How does wind affect the amount of fleas on dogs?	How does diet affect the amount of fleas on dogs?	How does rain affect the amount of fleas on dogs?	How does temperature affect the amount of fleas on dogs?	D
885	TAKS_2009_8_47	According to the periodic table, all of the following are metals except	sodium	zinc	fluorine	calcium	C
886	MCAS_2009_5_6517	A squid is an animal that lives in the ocean. It pumps a stream of water out of its body, causing it to move rapidly. Which of the following mechanical systems moves in a way most similar to the squid?	a bus	a helicopter	a rocket	a train	C
887	Mercury_SC_401320	When the wax from a candle drips, the wax has reached	its boiling point.	its melting point.	a chemical change.	a physical change.	B
888	Mercury_SC_405886	In the morning, students observed puddles of water all over the playground. What would best explain why the playground was dry in the afternoon?	Animals drank the water.	The wind stopped blowing.	Someone dried the puddles.	The water evaporated during the day.	D
889	MCAS_2004_8_10	Many areas of Massachusetts have small deep ponds called kettle ponds. Which of the following best explains the formation of these ponds?	avalanche	wind erosion	glacial depression	sediment deposition	C
890	Mercury_183138	What relationship exists between a dog and its fleas?	commensalism	gradualism	mutualism	parasitism	D
891	Mercury_SC_405994	Which of the following could limit the supply of a renewable resource?	recycling aluminum cans	cutting down trees in forests	mining minerals such as gold	conserving freshwater resources	B
892	AKDE&ED_2012_8_34	Which statement best describes the energy transformations that occur when a candle burns?	Heat energy from the wax is converted into chemical and light energy.	Heat energy from the air is converted into mechanical and light energy.	Chemical energy from the wax is converted into light and heat energy.	Chemical energy from the air is converted into mechanical and light energy.	C
893	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_27	Pesticides and fertilizers can help farmers to produce more crops. However, overuse of these chemicals can result in	ecological succession	material recycling	environmental pollution	selective breeding	C
894	Mercury_SC_402262	What type of energy travels through the body of a microscope that allows the specimen to be seen by a student?	heat	solar	light	electrical	C
895	TIMSS_2003_8_pg26	A powder made up of both white specks and black specks is likely to be	a solution	a pure compound	a mixture	an element	C
896	Mercury_7018550	In the past, wild hogs called "javelinas" were seen only in the southern part of New Mexico. Now, javelinas are seen in areas 100 miles further north. What is the most likely cause of this expansion?	Javelinas are reproducing less frequently.	Environmental conditions have changed.	The javelina's genetic traits have mutated.	Nutritional requirements of javelinas have changed.	B
897	NCEOGA_2013_8_1	Which is the best example of a pure substance?	peanuts	milk	gold	air	C
898	AKDE&ED_2012_4_44	Which tool would best help a person observe the parts of a plant cell?	hand lens	telescope	binoculars	microscope	D
899	Mercury_188930	The energy stored in the bonds of a glucose molecule during photosynthesis is in what form?	chemical	electrical	kinetic	light	A
900	NCEOGA_2013_8_21	What happens to water molecules during the boiling process?	They move faster and move farther apart as they absorb heat.	They move faster and remain close together as they absorb heat.	They move more slowly but move farther apart as they lose heat.	They move faster and move farther apart as they lose heat.	A
901	Mercury_7148330	Evidence suggests that there is a relationship between ancient dinosaurs and modern birds. Through time, each occurrence of a new trait most likely resulted from which of the following?	mutation of genes	hybridization of species	extinction of populations	alteration of the environment	A
902	AIMS_2008_4_16	Which of the following can cause erosion?	falling leaves	flowing water	growing grass	rising temperatures	B
903	NYSEDREGENTS_2006_8_41	Living things are classified as producers or consumers according to	their speed of movement	the size of their communities	how they obtain food	how they reproduce	C
904	MDSA_2011_5_11	A hydrologist studies the location, movement, and quality of water. A hydrologist recognizes the importance that water exists as ___.	a solid, a liquid, and a gas (vapor)	a solid and a liquid	a solid and a gas (vapor)	a solid only	A
905	Mercury_7210175	Which of these can be recycled in an attempt to conserve resources?	gasoline	sunlight	aluminum	natural gas	C
906	LEAP__8_10367	This in turn causes the average temperature on Earth to rise. Which of the following observations supports that theory?	The summer of 1998 was one of the hottest summer seasons on record.	Carbon dioxide gas from cars and industry is a product of burning that produces heat.	Carbon dioxide in the upper atmosphere absorbs and re-emits heat radiated from Earth's surface.	Radiation on Earth's surface is increasing because of a hole in the ozone layers.	C
907	VASoL_2008_5_22	Which of these can be mined from Earth and used as an energy source?	Coal	Gravel	Granite	Limestone	A
908	Mercury_SC_401204	Which tool is used to determine how long it takes warm water to melt an ice cube?	a scale	a stopwatch	a calculator	a thermometer	B
909	Mercury_SC_406628	Two scientists doing the same experiment got different results. Which would be the best way to figure out which result might be correct?	A group of scientists should argue about the results.	The two scientists should do different experiments.	More scientists should do the experiment.	A group of scientists should vote.	C
910	Mercury_7211523	A lipid bilayer allows certain molecules to pass through and blocks other molecules. Which structure is most often protected by a lipid bilayer?	cell	organ	tissue	system	A
911	TIMSS_2003_8_pg41	Traits are transferred from generation to generation through the	sperm only	egg only	sperm and the egg	testes	C
912	MSA_2015_8_1	Many scientists theorize that global warming will melt the polar ice caps. What would most likely happen if the polar ice caps melted?	Ocean levels would increase.	Human population would increase.	Vegetation in water would decrease.	Global precipitation would decrease.	A
913	MCAS_2007_8_5159	Which of the following groups of organisms uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen?	carnivores	decomposers	herbivores	producers	D
914	MCAS_2002_8_6	What is the first step in designing a product?	model a solution	communicate the solution	identify the need or want	build a prototype	C
915	Mercury_SC_401224	Solids that are combined together and maintain their physical properties are best labeled as a	solute.	mixture.	solvent.	compound.	B
916	Mercury_176925	A group of vertebrates has lungs, a body covered with scales, internal fertilization, and amniotic eggs. Which group of vertebrates does this describe?	amphibians	birds	mammals	reptiles	D
917	Mercury_7058048	The brain, spinal cord, and nerves are organs that perform which primary function?	supporting the body and enabling it to move	transporting oxygen, wastes, and nutrients throughout the body	producing male and female gametes	conducting messages to coordinate body functions	D
918	MDSA_2010_8_34	Mammals must eliminate waste products that their bodies produce. Which organ helps mammals eliminate bodily waste?	appendix	kidney	pancreas	stomach	B
919	NCEOGA_2013_5_7	A pot is heated on a stove. Which process causes the metal handle of the pot to also become hot?	combustion	convection	radiation	conduction	D
920	MCAS_2004_8_4	In making a pizza, which process involves a chemical change?	mixing spices for the sauce	slicing pepperoni for the topping	spreading cheese on the pizza	baking the dough to form the crust	D
921	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_7	Base your answers on the information below. One hot, summer day it rained very heavily. After the rain, a plastic pan on a picnic table had 2 cm of rainwater in it. Four hours later, all the rainwater in the pan was gone. Which process caused the rainwater in the pan to disappear as it sat outside in the hot air?	condensation	evaporation	precipitation	erosion	B
922	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_5	Which process must occur for clouds to form?	erosion	conduction	condensation	precipitation	C
923	Mercury_7283798	In 1918, an outbreak of influenza infected 500,000 people all over the world. Tens of millions of those infected died. In 1994, an outbreak of pneumonic plague spread quickly through the city of Surat in India, killing 52 people. Which statement best describes the two events?	Both outbreaks were pandemics.	Both outbreaks were epidemics.	The influenza outbreak was a pandemic. The plague outbreak was an epidemic.	The influenza outbreak was an epidemic. The plague outbreak was a pandemic.	C
924	Mercury_7030818	On the periodic table, the elements in group 18 (8A) (helium, neon, argon, etc.) are grouped together because	they are lighter than air.	they have full outer electron shells.	they have excess electrons to share.	they easily react with other elements.	B
925	MCAS_2001_5_16	Which of the following is a consumer?	grain	rabbit	vegetable	tree	B
926	NAEP_2009_4_S11+5	Which statement explains why light from the Sun can warm up water in a glass?	Light travels very fast.	Light travels in straight lines.	Water reflects light energy.	Water absorbs light energy.	D
927	Mercury_401338	Which characteristic is an example of learned behavior?	a bear hibernating in the winter	a spider spinning a web in a tree	a butterfly migrating to the south	a dog scratching at a door to go out	D
928	Mercury_405468	Which of these is a negative effect associated with some types of new technology?	increased worker productivity	faster diagnosis of medical problems	less time required to find information	decreased physical activity	D
929	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_4_26	What is the main source of energy for the water cycle?	electricity	erosion	gravity	sunlight	D
930	OHAT_2007_5_9	Sharpening a pencil and tearing paper are examples of physical changes. Which statement describes why these are physical changes?	There is a change in how the objects are used.	There is a change in the appearance of the objects.	There is a change in the materials from which the objects are made.	There is a change in both the appearance of the objects and the materials from which they are made.	B
931	Mercury_7004900	Air in the atmosphere is heated unevenly by the sun, causing	wind patterns.	cloud formation.	volcanic activity.	water condensation.	A
932	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_4_8	Which sense is used to determine an object's texture?	hearing	smell	taste	touch	D
933	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_13	Which statement describes a method of sexual reproduction that occurs in plants?	Stem cuttings are placed in water and grow roots.	Seeds are produced from the flower of the plant.	Underground stems from a plant grow into new plants.	A leaf falls to the soil, develops roots, and grows.	B
934	Mercury_SC_404979	Campers shouted toward a canyon wall. What characteristic of sound best explains why the campers heard an echo?	Sound waves traveled slowly down the canyon.	Sound waves were absorbed by the canyon wall.	Sound waves reflected off the canyon wall.	Sound waves were refracted around the canyon.	C
935	Mercury_192133	A recent scientific study funded by a medical corporation concluded that its product is not as harmful as consumers have reported. Identify a possible problem with this study.	Corporate scientists have less training than other scientists.	The results of the study may be influenced by bias.	Privately funded science is not verified by other scientists.	The study cannot be repeated with the same results.	B
936	Mercury_7128275	Nerve cells transmitting messages to the body best demonstrate which primary function?	the transfer of energy	the exchange of gases	the elimination of waste	the absorption of nutrients	A
937	Mercury_416545	A drinking water reservoir for a small town develops a blue-green algae bloom. The town hires a company to eliminate the problem. Which of the following should the company investigate first as a likely source of the problem?	a pit where granite is ground up into gravel	a neighborhood where lawn chemicals are used	a junkyard where old cars are salvaged for parts	a grain elevator where corn and soybeans are stored	B
938	Mercury_SC_416105	What travels through the stem of a plant?	water and food	food and nectar	nectar and soil	soil and water	A
939	Mercury_406813	Which of these is an inherited behavior?	a seal balancing a ball	a dog getting the newspaper	a spider spinning a web	an ape using sign language	C
940	Mercury_7181615	In 1987, a supernova was detected in the Large Magellanic Cloud galaxy, which is approximately 169,000 light years from Earth. Which event produces a supernova?	the explosion of a massive star	the birth of a main-sequence star	the collapse of a medium-sized star	the collision of one star with another	A
941	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_33	Extinction of a species is most likely to occur as a result of	evolution	migration	selective breeding	environmental changes	D
942	Mercury_SC_401144	When water vapor rises and cools, the liquid water in the air comes together forming	wind.	clouds.	lightning.	tornadoes.	B
943	Mercury_175665	Which of the following allows materials to enter and leave a cell?	cell wall	mitochondria	vacuole	cell membrane	D
944	Mercury_7200480	Sandy and Keith plan to move a 6-kilogram block. If they wanted to calculate the mechanical energy required to move the block, what units would they use to report their answer?	joules	kilowatts	kilometers	volts	A
945	Mercury_7271390	DNA stores the genetic instructions transferred from one generation to the next. What is DNA?	a molecule	a membrane	a cell nucleus	a spiral-shaped cell	A
946	ACTAAP_2010_5_4	Which list is correctly ordered from smallest to largest?	Biosphere, organism, ecosystem, population	Community, organism, ecosystem, biosphere	Organism, population, community, ecosystem	Population, ecosystem, community, biosphere	C
947	MCAS_2007_5_4781	Which of the following has the greatest effect on the ability of soil to hold water?	the age of the soil particles	the size of the soil particles	the color of the soil particles	the luster of the soil particles	B
948	Mercury_417165	The Water Quality Act of 1987 required the development of standards that would prevent toxic pollutants from reaching dangerous levels in bodies of water. This act affected the amounts of toxic chemicals that could be discharged into bodies of water. Which of the following would have been most regulated by this act?	feed lots	private homes	paper mills	grocery stores	C
949	Mercury_SC_401776	Which element is necessary for the formation of coal?	crushed rocks	flowing water	dead animals	decaying vegetation	D
950	Mercury_7107485	Some ancient Greeks tried to discover the laws of the universe through thought and logic. Which part of the scientific process were these scientists missing?	analysis	experiment	conclusion	observation	B
951	NCEOGA_2013_5_31	Which best describes a characteristic of the jet stream?	It forms a boundary between a cold air mass and a warm air mass.	It creates the high winds around the eye of a hurricane.	It forces the hot air along the equator to rise to areas in North America.	It causes high pressure air masses to rotate clockwise.	A
952	MCAS_2003_8_32	Single-celled organisms can reproduce and create cells exactly like themselves without combining genes from two different parent cells. When they do this, they use a type of	asexual reproduction.	gamete formation.	natural selection.	sexual reproduction.	A
953	Mercury_7100730	Most stars are similar to each other in	brightness.	composition.	diameter.	temperature.	B
954	TIMSS_1995_8_L2	Which BEST explains why green marine algae are most often restricted to the top 100 meters of the ocean?	They have no roots to anchor them to the ocean floor.	They can live only where there is light.	The pressure is too great for them to survive below 100 meters.	If the algae lived below 100 meters they would be eaten by animals.	B
955	Mercury_7214533	Which of these locations in the solar system contains the most asteroids?	the surface of the Sun	the ring system of Saturn	between Mars and Jupiter	between Mercury and Venus	C
956	Mercury_7239488	The body is able to detect pressure on its surface by which direct means?	releasing of hormones in skin	changing in volume of fat and muscle cells	signaling by sensory neurons	changing of voltage in interneurons	C
957	Mercury_7068968	Which of these is an organism that is unicellular?	virus	amoeba	mushroom	ant	B
958	Mercury_SC_407568	Mark wants to make lemonade for his friends. He uses water, lemon juice, and sugar. Which of these best describes the lemonade?	a mixture	a metal	an element	a compound	A
959	MCAS_2009_5_6521	Sandra puts some pill bugs into an open box. She covers half the box with a piece of cardboard. She then places the box outside on a summer day, and all the pill bugs move under the cardboard. The pill bugs are most likely responding to which of the following?	air pressure	bright light	wind	fog	B
960	MCAS_2013_5_29394	During science class, students combined 1 kg of iron filings with 1 kg of sand to create a mixture. Which of the following methods would be best for separating the iron filings from the sand?	Stir the mixture into hot water to dissolve the sand.	Strain the mixture through a paper filter to collect the sand.	Drag a magnet through the mixture to attract the iron filings.	Shake the mixture to cause the iron filings to settle to the bottom.	C
961	MCAS_2003_8_9	Which is the thickest layer of Earth?	crust	inner core	mantle	outer core	C
962	AIMS_2009_4_9	Wind can cause erosion that changes the surface of the Earth. Wind erosion can have negative effects on the environment by removing soil and polluting the air during dust storms. Which of the following land forms are created by wind erosion?	arches and faults	sand dunes and arches	meanders and moraines	moraines and sand dunes	B
963	Mercury_7081498	Deer eat different types of plants in an ecosystem. Which method would best show the percentages of the plant types in the deer diet?	pie chart	bar graph	line graph	scatterplot	A
964	Mercury_SC_401724	How does a human body get energy?	Sunlight on the skin produces energy.	Water provides the majority of energy.	Food and oxygen combine to deliver energy.	Sleep provides energy stored at night for the next day.	C
965	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_24	Some birds fly south before winter each year. This is an example of	migration	hibernation	germination	evaporation	A
966	Mercury_7213658	Which system supports the body, protects internal organs, and makes blood cells?	muscular system	circulatory system	nervous system	skeletal system	D
967	Mercury_7007735	The smallest particle of an element is	an atom.	a mixture.	a molecule.	a compound.	A
968	Mercury_SC_LBS11002	A student is writing a report on volcanoes. What should the student include to best help explain how a volcano works?	a photograph of an active volcano	a map showing the location of a volcano	a table of famous volcanoes and last known eruptions	a diagram showing the structure of a volcano	D
969	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_33	Base your answer on the information below and on your knowledge of science. A baseball strikes the roof of a car and dents it. The paint on the roof begins to crack and chip, exposing the metal. The exposed metal on the roof rusts, eventually causing a small hole in the roof. Which event is a chemical change?	The baseball strikes the roof.	The roof of the car dents.	The paint cracks and chips.	The exposed metal rusts.	D
970	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_15	Which energy resource is renewable?	fuel oil	natural gas	wind	coal	C
971	Mercury_7017150	Which energy conversion process occurs whenever coal is burned?	mechanical to electrical	mechanical to thermal	chemical to electrical	chemical to thermal	D
972	Mercury_SC_410899	Claudia's teacher places a photograph of an organism on the board. He asks Claudia to determine if the organism is a plant or an animal. The answer to which question will best help Claudia determine if the organism is a plant or an animal?	Does the organism have cells?	Does the organism reproduce?	Does the organism live in the forest?	Does the organism make its own food?	D
973	Mercury_SC_401680	Based on analysis of deep ice cores from the Arctic, scientists theorize that early humans caused air pollution. These scientists can make sure their data is correct by	analyzing only melted ice cores.	analyzing more than one ice core.	comparing their data to the expected results.	comparing their data to modern pollution levels.	B
974	Mercury_7115378	When a volcano erupts, dust and ash are blown into the atmosphere. The eruption directly reduces the transfer of energy from	the ground to bacteria.	the Sun to plants.	plants to animals.	animals to air.	B
975	Mercury_SC_415467	Which change would most likely cause deer to die or leave a woodland?	a forest fire	a rainstorm	a snow storm	a sinkhole	A
976	Mercury_7084525	A student observes a glowing band across the night sky. This glowing band is most likely	orbiting planets in the solar system.	a partial view of the Milky Way galaxy.	an asteroid orbiting the Sun.	light from stars in a distant galaxy.	B
977	MCAS_2007_8_5188	What is the smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of that element?	an atom	a compound	an electron	a molecule	A
978	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_2	The longitude of a location determines which time zone it is in. Different time zones are the result of	Earth's rotation	Earth's revolution	the Moon's rotation	the Moon's revolution	A
979	Mercury_7085505	Which of these structures form when materials are deposited, buried, and cemented?	intrusive structures	metamorphic rocks	volcanic mountains	sedimentary rocks	D
980	Mercury_403913	Earth is made of different layers that have varying characteristics. Which is the thickest layer?	the mantle	the inner core	the outer core	the crust	A

881

MCAS_2007_8_5192

Which of the following describes a reason why companies irradiate some fruits and vegetables before they are sold to the public?

to improve the flavors by increasing the sugar content

to speed up the ripening of produce picked too early

to partially cook the produce before canning or freezing

to extend the shelf life by killing existing microorganisms

D

882

AIMS_2009_4_19

A glacier is a slow moving river of ice. How does a glacier help create soil?

It scrapes small particles off large rocks.

It carries plants down mountains and to oceans.

It melts and becomes part of streams and rivers.

It freezes small particles of dirt to form large rocks.

A

883

Mercury_SC_410572

During winter months, Amina sometimes notices ice covering the hoods of parked cars. Once the engine of the car runs for a while, the ice on the hood begins to melt. What form of energy is released from the car engine to melt the ice?

chemical

electrical

heat

light

C

884

Mercury_7103635

A student notices dogs have more fleas in the summer than in the winter. Based on these observations, which is the most logical question for the student to investigate?

How does wind affect the amount of fleas on dogs?

How does diet affect the amount of fleas on dogs?

How does rain affect the amount of fleas on dogs?

How does temperature affect the amount of fleas on dogs?

D

885

TAKS_2009_8_47

According to the periodic table, all of the following are metals except

sodium

zinc

fluorine

calcium

C

886

MCAS_2009_5_6517

A squid is an animal that lives in the ocean. It pumps a stream of water out of its body, causing it to move rapidly. Which of the following mechanical systems moves in a way most similar to the squid?

a bus

a helicopter

a rocket

a train

C

887

Mercury_SC_401320

When the wax from a candle drips, the wax has reached

its boiling point.

its melting point.

a chemical change.

a physical change.

B

888

Mercury_SC_405886

In the morning, students observed puddles of water all over the playground. What would best explain why the playground was dry in the afternoon?

Animals drank the water.

The wind stopped blowing.

Someone dried the puddles.

The water evaporated during the day.

D

889

MCAS_2004_8_10

Many areas of Massachusetts have small deep ponds called kettle ponds. Which of the following best explains the formation of these ponds?

avalanche

wind erosion

glacial depression

sediment deposition

C

890

Mercury_183138

What relationship exists between a dog and its fleas?

commensalism

gradualism

mutualism

parasitism

D

891

Mercury_SC_405994

Which of the following could limit the supply of a renewable resource?

recycling aluminum cans

cutting down trees in forests

mining minerals such as gold

conserving freshwater resources

B

892

AKDE&ED_2012_8_34

Which statement best describes the energy transformations that occur when a candle burns?

Heat energy from the wax is converted into chemical and light energy.

Heat energy from the air is converted into mechanical and light energy.

Chemical energy from the wax is converted into light and heat energy.

Chemical energy from the air is converted into mechanical and light energy.

C

893

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_27

Pesticides and fertilizers can help farmers to produce more crops. However, overuse of these chemicals can result in

ecological succession

material recycling

environmental pollution

selective breeding

C

894

Mercury_SC_402262

What type of energy travels through the body of a microscope that allows the specimen to be seen by a student?

heat

solar

light

electrical

C

895

TIMSS_2003_8_pg26

A powder made up of both white specks and black specks is likely to be

a solution

a pure compound

a mixture

an element

C

896

Mercury_7018550

In the past, wild hogs called "javelinas" were seen only in the southern part of New Mexico. Now, javelinas are seen in areas 100 miles further north. What is the most likely cause of this expansion?

Javelinas are reproducing less frequently.

Environmental conditions have changed.

The javelina's genetic traits have mutated.

Nutritional requirements of javelinas have changed.

B

897

NCEOGA_2013_8_1

Which is the best example of a pure substance?

peanuts

milk

gold

air

C

898

AKDE&ED_2012_4_44

Which tool would best help a person observe the parts of a plant cell?

hand lens

telescope

binoculars

microscope

D

899

Mercury_188930

The energy stored in the bonds of a glucose molecule during photosynthesis is in what form?

chemical

electrical

kinetic

light

A

900

NCEOGA_2013_8_21

What happens to water molecules during the boiling process?

They move faster and move farther apart as they absorb heat.

They move faster and remain close together as they absorb heat.

They move more slowly but move farther apart as they lose heat.

They move faster and move farther apart as they lose heat.

A

901

Mercury_7148330

Evidence suggests that there is a relationship between ancient dinosaurs and modern birds. Through time, each occurrence of a new trait most likely resulted from which of the following?

mutation of genes

hybridization of species

extinction of populations

alteration of the environment

A

902

AIMS_2008_4_16

Which of the following can cause erosion?

falling leaves

flowing water

growing grass

rising temperatures

B

903

NYSEDREGENTS_2006_8_41

Living things are classified as producers or consumers according to

their speed of movement

the size of their communities

how they obtain food

how they reproduce

C

904

MDSA_2011_5_11

A hydrologist studies the location, movement, and quality of water. A hydrologist recognizes the importance that water exists as ___.

a solid, a liquid, and a gas (vapor)

a solid and a liquid

a solid and a gas (vapor)

a solid only

A

905

Mercury_7210175

Which of these can be recycled in an attempt to conserve resources?

gasoline

sunlight

aluminum

natural gas

C

906

LEAP__8_10367

This in turn causes the average temperature on Earth to rise. Which of the following observations supports that theory?

The summer of 1998 was one of the hottest summer seasons on record.

Carbon dioxide gas from cars and industry is a product of burning that produces heat.

Carbon dioxide in the upper atmosphere absorbs and re-emits heat radiated from Earth's surface.

Radiation on Earth's surface is increasing because of a hole in the ozone layers.

C

907

VASoL_2008_5_22

Which of these can be mined from Earth and used as an energy source?

Coal

Gravel

Granite

Limestone

A

908

Mercury_SC_401204

Which tool is used to determine how long it takes warm water to melt an ice cube?

a scale

a stopwatch

a calculator

a thermometer

B

909

Mercury_SC_406628

Two scientists doing the same experiment got different results. Which would be the best way to figure out which result might be correct?

A group of scientists should argue about the results.

The two scientists should do different experiments.

More scientists should do the experiment.

A group of scientists should vote.

C

910

Mercury_7211523

A lipid bilayer allows certain molecules to pass through and blocks other molecules. Which structure is most often protected by a lipid bilayer?

cell

organ

tissue

system

A

911

TIMSS_2003_8_pg41

Traits are transferred from generation to generation through the

sperm only

egg only

sperm and the egg

testes

C

912

MSA_2015_8_1

Many scientists theorize that global warming will melt the polar ice caps. What would most likely happen if the polar ice caps melted?

Ocean levels would increase.

Human population would increase.

Vegetation in water would decrease.

Global precipitation would decrease.

A

913

MCAS_2007_8_5159

Which of the following groups of organisms uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen?

carnivores

decomposers

herbivores

producers

D

914

MCAS_2002_8_6

What is the first step in designing a product?

model a solution

communicate the solution

identify the need or want

build a prototype

C

915

Mercury_SC_401224

Solids that are combined together and maintain their physical properties are best labeled as a

solute.

mixture.

solvent.

compound.

B

916

Mercury_176925

A group of vertebrates has lungs, a body covered with scales, internal fertilization, and amniotic eggs. Which group of vertebrates does this describe?

amphibians

birds

mammals

reptiles

D

917

Mercury_7058048

The brain, spinal cord, and nerves are organs that perform which primary function?

supporting the body and enabling it to move

transporting oxygen, wastes, and nutrients throughout the body

producing male and female gametes

conducting messages to coordinate body functions

D

918

MDSA_2010_8_34

Mammals must eliminate waste products that their bodies produce. Which organ helps mammals eliminate bodily waste?

appendix

kidney

pancreas

stomach

B

919

NCEOGA_2013_5_7

A pot is heated on a stove. Which process causes the metal handle of the pot to also become hot?

combustion

convection

radiation

conduction

D

920

MCAS_2004_8_4

In making a pizza, which process involves a chemical change?

mixing spices for the sauce

slicing pepperoni for the topping

spreading cheese on the pizza

baking the dough to form the crust

D

921

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_7

Base your answers on the information below. One hot, summer day it rained very heavily. After the rain, a plastic pan on a picnic table had 2 cm of rainwater in it. Four hours later, all the rainwater in the pan was gone. Which process caused the rainwater in the pan to disappear as it sat outside in the hot air?

condensation

evaporation

precipitation

erosion

B

922

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_5

Which process must occur for clouds to form?

erosion

conduction

condensation

precipitation

C

923

Mercury_7283798

In 1918, an outbreak of influenza infected 500,000 people all over the world. Tens of millions of those infected died. In 1994, an outbreak of pneumonic plague spread quickly through the city of Surat in India, killing 52 people. Which statement best describes the two events?

Both outbreaks were pandemics.

Both outbreaks were epidemics.

The influenza outbreak was a pandemic. The plague outbreak was an epidemic.

The influenza outbreak was an epidemic. The plague outbreak was a pandemic.

C

924

Mercury_7030818

On the periodic table, the elements in group 18 (8A) (helium, neon, argon, etc.) are grouped together because

they are lighter than air.

they have full outer electron shells.

they have excess electrons to share.

they easily react with other elements.

B

925

MCAS_2001_5_16

Which of the following is a consumer?

grain

rabbit

vegetable

tree

B

926

NAEP_2009_4_S11+5

Which statement explains why light from the Sun can warm up water in a glass?

Light travels very fast.

Light travels in straight lines.

Water reflects light energy.

Water absorbs light energy.

D

927

Mercury_401338

Which characteristic is an example of learned behavior?

a bear hibernating in the winter

a spider spinning a web in a tree

a butterfly migrating to the south

a dog scratching at a door to go out

D

928

Mercury_405468

Which of these is a negative effect associated with some types of new technology?

increased worker productivity

faster diagnosis of medical problems

less time required to find information

decreased physical activity

D

929

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_4_26

What is the main source of energy for the water cycle?

electricity

erosion

gravity

sunlight

D

930

OHAT_2007_5_9

Sharpening a pencil and tearing paper are examples of physical changes. Which statement describes why these are physical changes?

There is a change in how the objects are used.

There is a change in the appearance of the objects.

There is a change in the materials from which the objects are made.

There is a change in both the appearance of the objects and the materials from which they are made.

B

931

Mercury_7004900

Air in the atmosphere is heated unevenly by the sun, causing

wind patterns.

cloud formation.

volcanic activity.

water condensation.

A

932

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_4_8

Which sense is used to determine an object's texture?

hearing

smell

taste

touch

D

933

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_13

Which statement describes a method of sexual reproduction that occurs in plants?

Stem cuttings are placed in water and grow roots.

Seeds are produced from the flower of the plant.

Underground stems from a plant grow into new plants.

A leaf falls to the soil, develops roots, and grows.

B

934

Mercury_SC_404979

Campers shouted toward a canyon wall. What characteristic of sound best explains why the campers heard an echo?

Sound waves traveled slowly down the canyon.

Sound waves were absorbed by the canyon wall.

Sound waves reflected off the canyon wall.

Sound waves were refracted around the canyon.

C

935

Mercury_192133

A recent scientific study funded by a medical corporation concluded that its product is not as harmful as consumers have reported. Identify a possible problem with this study.

Corporate scientists have less training than other scientists.

The results of the study may be influenced by bias.

Privately funded science is not verified by other scientists.

The study cannot be repeated with the same results.

B

936

Mercury_7128275

Nerve cells transmitting messages to the body best demonstrate which primary function?

the transfer of energy

the exchange of gases

the elimination of waste

the absorption of nutrients

A

937

Mercury_416545

A drinking water reservoir for a small town develops a blue-green algae bloom. The town hires a company to eliminate the problem. Which of the following should the company investigate first as a likely source of the problem?

a pit where granite is ground up into gravel

a neighborhood where lawn chemicals are used

a junkyard where old cars are salvaged for parts

a grain elevator where corn and soybeans are stored

B

938

Mercury_SC_416105

What travels through the stem of a plant?

water and food

food and nectar

nectar and soil

soil and water

A

939

Mercury_406813

Which of these is an inherited behavior?

a seal balancing a ball

a dog getting the newspaper

a spider spinning a web

an ape using sign language

C

940

Mercury_7181615

In 1987, a supernova was detected in the Large Magellanic Cloud galaxy, which is approximately 169,000 light years from Earth. Which event produces a supernova?

the explosion of a massive star

the birth of a main-sequence star

the collapse of a medium-sized star

the collision of one star with another

A

941

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_33

Extinction of a species is most likely to occur as a result of

evolution

migration

selective breeding

environmental changes

D

942

Mercury_SC_401144

When water vapor rises and cools, the liquid water in the air comes together forming

wind.

clouds.

lightning.

tornadoes.

B

943

Mercury_175665

Which of the following allows materials to enter and leave a cell?

cell wall

mitochondria

vacuole

cell membrane

D

944

Mercury_7200480

Sandy and Keith plan to move a 6-kilogram block. If they wanted to calculate the mechanical energy required to move the block, what units would they use to report their answer?

joules

kilowatts

kilometers

volts

A

945

Mercury_7271390

DNA stores the genetic instructions transferred from one generation to the next. What is DNA?

a molecule

a membrane

a cell nucleus

a spiral-shaped cell

A

946

ACTAAP_2010_5_4

Which list is correctly ordered from smallest to largest?

Biosphere, organism, ecosystem, population

Community, organism, ecosystem, biosphere

Organism, population, community, ecosystem

Population, ecosystem, community, biosphere

C

947

MCAS_2007_5_4781

Which of the following has the greatest effect on the ability of soil to hold water?

the age of the soil particles

the size of the soil particles

the color of the soil particles

the luster of the soil particles

B

948

Mercury_417165

The Water Quality Act of 1987 required the development of standards that would prevent toxic pollutants from reaching dangerous levels in bodies of water. This act affected the amounts of toxic chemicals that could be discharged into bodies of water. Which of the following would have been most regulated by this act?

feed lots

private homes

paper mills

grocery stores

C

949

Mercury_SC_401776

Which element is necessary for the formation of coal?

crushed rocks

flowing water

dead animals

decaying vegetation

D

950

Mercury_7107485

Some ancient Greeks tried to discover the laws of the universe through thought and logic. Which part of the scientific process were these scientists missing?

analysis

experiment

conclusion

observation

B

951

NCEOGA_2013_5_31

Which best describes a characteristic of the jet stream?

It forms a boundary between a cold air mass and a warm air mass.

It creates the high winds around the eye of a hurricane.

It forces the hot air along the equator to rise to areas in North America.

It causes high pressure air masses to rotate clockwise.

A

952

MCAS_2003_8_32

Single-celled organisms can reproduce and create cells exactly like themselves without combining genes from two different parent cells. When they do this, they use a type of

asexual reproduction.

gamete formation.

natural selection.

sexual reproduction.

A

953

Mercury_7100730

Most stars are similar to each other in

brightness.

composition.

diameter.

temperature.

B

954

TIMSS_1995_8_L2

Which BEST explains why green marine algae are most often restricted to the top 100 meters of the ocean?

They have no roots to anchor them to the ocean floor.

They can live only where there is light.

The pressure is too great for them to survive below 100 meters.

If the algae lived below 100 meters they would be eaten by animals.

B

955

Mercury_7214533

Which of these locations in the solar system contains the most asteroids?

the surface of the Sun

the ring system of Saturn

between Mars and Jupiter

between Mercury and Venus

C

956

Mercury_7239488

The body is able to detect pressure on its surface by which direct means?

releasing of hormones in skin

changing in volume of fat and muscle cells

signaling by sensory neurons

changing of voltage in interneurons

C

957

Mercury_7068968

Which of these is an organism that is unicellular?

virus

amoeba

mushroom

ant

B

958

Mercury_SC_407568

Mark wants to make lemonade for his friends. He uses water, lemon juice, and sugar. Which of these best describes the lemonade?

a mixture

a metal

an element

a compound

A

959

MCAS_2009_5_6521

Sandra puts some pill bugs into an open box. She covers half the box with a piece of cardboard. She then places the box outside on a summer day, and all the pill bugs move under the cardboard. The pill bugs are most likely responding to which of the following?

air pressure

bright light

wind

fog

B

960

MCAS_2013_5_29394

During science class, students combined 1 kg of iron filings with 1 kg of sand to create a mixture. Which of the following methods would be best for separating the iron filings from the sand?

Stir the mixture into hot water to dissolve the sand.

Strain the mixture through a paper filter to collect the sand.

Drag a magnet through the mixture to attract the iron filings.

Shake the mixture to cause the iron filings to settle to the bottom.

C

961

MCAS_2003_8_9

Which is the thickest layer of Earth?

crust

inner core

mantle

outer core

C

962

AIMS_2009_4_9

Wind can cause erosion that changes the surface of the Earth. Wind erosion can have negative effects on the environment by removing soil and polluting the air during dust storms. Which of the following land forms are created by wind erosion?

arches and faults

sand dunes and arches

meanders and moraines

moraines and sand dunes

B

963

Mercury_7081498

Deer eat different types of plants in an ecosystem. Which method would best show the percentages of the plant types in the deer diet?

pie chart

bar graph

line graph

scatterplot

A

964

Mercury_SC_401724

How does a human body get energy?

Sunlight on the skin produces energy.

Water provides the majority of energy.

Food and oxygen combine to deliver energy.

Sleep provides energy stored at night for the next day.

C

965

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_24

Some birds fly south before winter each year. This is an example of

migration

hibernation

germination

evaporation

A

966

Mercury_7213658

Which system supports the body, protects internal organs, and makes blood cells?

muscular system

circulatory system

nervous system

skeletal system

D

967

Mercury_7007735

The smallest particle of an element is

an atom.

a mixture.

a molecule.

a compound.

A

968

Mercury_SC_LBS11002

A student is writing a report on volcanoes. What should the student include to best help explain how a volcano works?

a photograph of an active volcano

a map showing the location of a volcano

a table of famous volcanoes and last known eruptions

a diagram showing the structure of a volcano

D

969

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_33

Base your answer on the information below and on your knowledge of science. A baseball strikes the roof of a car and dents it. The paint on the roof begins to crack and chip, exposing the metal. The exposed metal on the roof rusts, eventually causing a small hole in the roof. Which event is a chemical change?

The baseball strikes the roof.

The roof of the car dents.

The paint cracks and chips.

The exposed metal rusts.

D

970

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_15

Which energy resource is renewable?

fuel oil

natural gas

wind

coal

C

971

Mercury_7017150

Which energy conversion process occurs whenever coal is burned?

mechanical to electrical

mechanical to thermal

chemical to electrical

chemical to thermal

D

972

Mercury_SC_410899

Claudia's teacher places a photograph of an organism on the board. He asks Claudia to determine if the organism is a plant or an animal. The answer to which question will best help Claudia determine if the organism is a plant or an animal?

Does the organism have cells?

Does the organism reproduce?

Does the organism live in the forest?

Does the organism make its own food?

D

973

Mercury_SC_401680

Based on analysis of deep ice cores from the Arctic, scientists theorize that early humans caused air pollution. These scientists can make sure their data is correct by

analyzing only melted ice cores.

analyzing more than one ice core.

comparing their data to the expected results.

comparing their data to modern pollution levels.

B

974

Mercury_7115378

When a volcano erupts, dust and ash are blown into the atmosphere. The eruption directly reduces the transfer of energy from

the ground to bacteria.

the Sun to plants.

plants to animals.

animals to air.

B

975

Mercury_SC_415467

Which change would most likely cause deer to die or leave a woodland?

a forest fire

a rainstorm

a snow storm

a sinkhole

A

976

Mercury_7084525

A student observes a glowing band across the night sky. This glowing band is most likely

orbiting planets in the solar system.

a partial view of the Milky Way galaxy.

an asteroid orbiting the Sun.

light from stars in a distant galaxy.

B

977

MCAS_2007_8_5188

What is the smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of that element?

an atom

a compound

an electron

a molecule

A

978

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_2

The longitude of a location determines which time zone it is in. Different time zones are the result of

Earth's rotation

Earth's revolution

the Moon's rotation

the Moon's revolution

A

979

Mercury_7085505

Which of these structures form when materials are deposited, buried, and cemented?

intrusive structures

metamorphic rocks

volcanic mountains

sedimentary rocks

D

980

Mercury_403913

Earth is made of different layers that have varying characteristics. Which is the thickest layer?

the mantle

the inner core

the outer core

the crust

A