dpquoc/ARC · Datasets at Hugging Face

Unnamed: 0 int64 0 2.25k	id stringlengths 8 22	question stringlengths 17 683	A stringlengths 1 147	B stringlengths 1 134	C stringlengths 1 153	D stringlengths 1 129 ⌀	answer stringclasses 5 values
1,781	MEA_2013_5_14	Which event would most likely result in more food for organisms that are scavengers?	Fish die and sink to the bottom of a pond.	Trees take up and store water with roots.	Beavers build a new dam and lodge.	Plants get more sunshine and water.	A
1,782	NAEP_2000_4_S12+7	When you are riding a bicycle at night, your bicycle's reflectors help people in cars see your bicycle. How do bicycle reflectors work?	They are made of a special material that gives off its own light.	They are hooked up to batteries that allow them to produce light.	They bounce light back from other sources.	They are covered with paint that glows in the dark.	C
1,783	AKDE&ED_2008_4_45	From Earth, the Sun appears brighter than any other star because the Sun is the	newest star.	largest star.	hottest star.	closest star.	D
1,784	OHAT_2010_5_1	Scientists found fish fossils in the desert. What do the fossils tell about this environment when the fish were alive?	There was a forest with large trees.	There were lakes with water plants.	There were mountains with glaciers.	There was a desert with large rocks.	B
1,785	Mercury_7107503	Chinese and European societies can use different but effective technologies when addressing medical questions. What does this demonstrate?	Varied approaches can yield successful technologies.	Not all technologies behave according to scientific laws.	The development of science and technology are independent.	Technology results more from practice than from scientific knowledge.	A
1,786	Mercury_7133595	The exotic plant Melaleuca, or Australian Pine, has increased the intensity of fires across the Everglades. The amount of fuel available for fires has increased due to the presence of the Melaleuca. The Melaleuca releases massive numbers of seeds in response to fire, drought, and herbicide damage. Which best describes the reason the Melaleuca has been able to survive?	adaptation	competition	diversification	mutation	A
1,787	Mercury_416392	Water that is used to cool nuclear power plants can be released into water bodies, causing an area called a thermal plume. A thermal plume can be 12-18°C warmer than surrounding waters. Although some fish may be attracted to the warmer water, other organisms may not be able to survive. Government officials order a study to determine the effects of a thermal plume in a water body near a nuclear power plant in North Carolina. Which factor most related to temperature should the study focus on in order to determine whether the thermal plume is damaging the health of the water system?	pH	dissolved oxygen	nutrient concentration	turbidity	B
1,788	MEA_2013_8_16	What is a galaxy?	a moon that orbits a planet	a planet that orbits the Sun	a very large system of stars that is held together by gravity	a very large system of planets that is held together by the Sun	C
1,789	Mercury_SC_408506	Which part of a strawberry plant absorbs most of the water needed by the plant?	flowers	fruits	leaves	roots	D
1,790	Mercury_407987	In cherry tomatoes, red color (R) is dominant to yellow color (r). If two heterozygous plants are crossed, what percentage of the offspring will be yellow?	0%	25%	50%	100%	B
1,791	Mercury_7016555	Which situation is an example of a feedback system in the body that maintains homeostasis?	a mouse pushing a lever to release food	a dog going to a food bowl when a bell rings	students receiving star stickers for good behavior	the brain signaling blood vessels to return to normal	D
1,792	NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_11	Which human organ system produces sperm or egg cells?	digestive system	nervous system	respiratory system	reproductive system	D
1,793	NAEP_2000_8_S11+12	In the human body the digestion of proteins takes place primarily in which two organs?	Mouth and stomach	Stomach and small intestine	Liver and gall bladder	Pancreas and large intestine	B
1,794	Mercury_7218295	What is the source of the organic matter needed for most fertile soils?	moving water	eroded sand	decaying plants	weathered bedrock	C
1,795	NCEOGA_2013_8_9	A scientist finds the bones of a dinosaur. What could help the scientist determine the approximate age of the dinosaur bones?	the birds living in the area of the bones	the weather conditions in the area of the bones	the kinds of trees living in the area of the bones	the index fossils in the area of the bones	D
1,796	Mercury_SC_415470	A pond is near river but not connected to it. What would most likely allow fish to move from the pond to the river?	a fire	a drought	a snowstorm	a flood	D
1,797	Mercury_404794	A characteristic that all living organisms have in common is they	need similar food.	have the same life span.	live in the same climate.	are made of cells.	D
1,798	Mercury_7186795	When the cells in an organism divide and reproduce, the organism can grow. Which cell organelle contains the genetic material for reproduction?	the nucleus	the ribosome	the mitochondrion	the endoplasmic reticulum	A
1,799	Mercury_SC_400524	Measurements of carbon dioxide concentrations in the air taken over the past decade have shown a	leveling off.	slow increase.	steady decline.	dramatic increase.	D
1,800	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_6	All matter is made up of particles called	cells	molecules	atoms	compounds	C
1,801	TIMSS_2011_8_pg130	Which of the following energy conversions takes place in a battery-operated flashlight?	electrical -> mechanical -> light	chemical -> mechanical -> light	chemical -> electrical -> light	nuclear -> electrical -> light	C
1,802	VASoL_2009_5_21	Which of these is most likely harmful to an ecosystem?	Building new homes in a wetland	Taking away airplanes from an airport	Planting trees in an orchard	Adding floors to an office building	A
1,803	Mercury_SC_413443	Which units are best to measure the amount of rain that fell during a thunderstorm?	centimeters	degrees Celsius	grams	seconds	A
1,804	Mercury_SC_409151	Noah visited a park that had many oak trees. Which best describes the role of an oak tree in its ecosystem?	Oak trees can live for a long time.	Oak trees have leaves that change colors.	Oak trees have strong branches and trunks.	Oak trees are a source of food and shelter for animals.	D
1,805	TAKS_2009_8_40	Which of these resources will most likely be depleted first?	Wind	Solar energy	Fossil fuels	Water	C
1,806	Mercury_7195195	When athletes begin to exercise, their heart rates and respiration rates increase. At what level of organization does the human body coordinate these functions?	at the tissue level	at the organ level	at the system level	at the cellular level	C
1,807	MDSA_2011_4_40	A student heated a pan of soup on a stove. While stirring the soup with a metal spoon, the student noticed the spoon became very warm. What is the most likely reason the spoon became warm?	The stirring action heated the spoon.	Warm air in the room heated the spoon.	Heat from the soup was transferred to the spoon.	The student's hand transferred heat to the spoon.	C
1,808	Mercury_SC_415398	Where does a landslide begin?	a low hill	a plain	a mountain	a basin	C
1,809	MDSA_2007_5_38	Students are learning about the natural resources in Maryland. One group of students researches information about renewable natural resources in the state. The other group researches information about nonrenewable natural resources in the state. The resources the students investigate include plants, animals, soil, minerals, water, coal, and oil. Aluminum is a nonrenewable natural resource. Which of these methods of aluminum disposal is best for the environment?	burning it	recycling it	burying it in landfills	crushing it before throwing it away	B
1,810	MCAS_2007_8_5158	Which of the following keeps the planets in our solar system in orbit around the Sun?	atmospheric pressure	gravitational force	electromagnetic energy	thermal energy	B
1,811	Mercury_7006143	Which human organ system primarily exchanges gases between the body and the atmosphere?	excretory	nervous	skeletal	respiratory	D
1,812	CSZ10286	Moving water was the most important factor in forming which of these?	the Grand Canyon	San Andreas Fault	the Rocky Mountains	Mount St. Helens Volcano	A
1,813	NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_1	Which list contains only nonliving things?	coins, snakes, birds	water, rocks, sunlight	rubber ball, plants, house	soil, fish, air	B
1,814	Mercury_SC_400155	Which type of energy conversion occurs in a flashlight?	chemical to light	mechanical to light	electrical to chemical	mechanical to chemical	A
1,815	MEAP_2005_8_19	Rocks that contain fragments of bones, shells, and plant remains are most likely	crystals.	igneous.	sedimentary.	metamorphic.	C
1,816	Mercury_7007980	Which reaction is endothermic?	cold pack	coal burning	striking a match	charcoal grill fire	A
1,817	AKDE&ED_2008_4_7	Which property of water can cause a rock to break apart?	Water boiling at 100°C.	Water losing energy slowly.	Water expanding as it freezes.	Water having a high surface tension.	C
1,818	ACTAAP_2008_5_11	With a microscope, you see that an object has a cell wall, a chloroplast, and a nucleus. What is being observed?	a plant cell	an animal cell	a male organism	a female organism	A
1,819	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_28	Which instrument would be best to measure the volume of a liquid?	a pan balance	a stopwatch	a thermometer	a graduated cylinder	D
1,820	Mercury_7057558	Which part of an atom is involved in chemical reactions?	nucleus and its particles	negatively-charged particles	neutrally-charged particles	positively-charged particles	B
1,821	Mercury_SC_403008	Which tool is best used to collect information about the weather?	ruler	stopwatch	thermometer	collecting net	C
1,822	Mercury_7106943	Which of these characteristics best helps scientists classify organisms?	size	color	gender	structure	D
1,823	LEAP__7_10347	Which resource is most likely found in large amounts in forest ecosystems?	iron	wood	plastic	petroleum	B
1,824	MCAS_2007_8_5184	Which of the following best describes a role of mushrooms in ecosystems?	capturing energy from sunlight	consuming living plant material	taking energy from animal hosts	breaking down dead plant material	D
1,825	Mercury_7220868	A gardener wants to increase the ability of garden soil to retain water. Which of these should the gardener add to the soil?	coarse sand	loose gravel	nitrogen pellets	organic material	D
1,826	Mercury_SC_400010	In the life cycle of a fly, which stage comes after the larval stage?	egg	adult	nymph	pupa	D
1,827	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_26	In which example could a thermometer be used to show that heat energy is being transferred?	A piano is played by striking the keys.	A shovel is used to move dirt from one place to another.	A ball is thrown into the air.	A stove is used to boil water in a pan.	D
1,828	Mercury_SC_401291	What is the most likely function of a turtle's hard shell?	convert energy	increase speed	provide protection	allow for reproduction	C
1,829	Mercury_7092225	What is the main source of energy that causes water to evaporate from the surface of Earth?	lightning	sun	gravity	wind	B
1,830	Mercury_7185588	Which terms can be used to describe the properties of both a wave and a particle of light?	charge and volume	frequency and mass	speed and frequency	frequency and density	C
1,831	Mercury_SC_401631	To use energy from the Sun to power household appliances, the solar energy must be converted to	heat energy.	light energy.	nuclear energy.	electrical energy.	D
1,832	Mercury_417571	The yellow-throated longclaw is a bird that lives on the dry savanna of Africa. It looks almost exactly like another bird, the western meadowlark of North America. Although the birds look very similar, they are not even in the same taxonomic family. Scientists think the birds look alike because the two species developed under similar environmental pressures, even though they developed thousands of miles apart. Which process does their development demonstrate?	sexual selection	disruptive selection	divergent evolution	convergent evolution	D
1,833	Mercury_7148173	The reaction that releases energy for use by the cell occurs in which site?	Golgi apparatus	endoplasmic reticulum	cytoplasmic membrane	mitochondrial membrane	D
1,834	NCEOGA_2013_8_11	Why do doctors suggest that people get a flu vaccine each year?	Viruses replicate more rapidly over time.	Viruses can mutate from year to year.	Vaccines are absorbed by the body after a year.	Vaccines get stronger over time.	B
1,835	MCAS_2008_5_5627	Which of the following events involves a consumer and producer in a food chain?	A cat eats a mouse.	A deer eats a leaf.	A hawk eats a mouse.	A snake eats a rat.	B
1,836	MCAS_2002_5_5	The change from day to night on Earth can be explained by	the movement of the Sun.	the rotation of Earth.	the movement of the Moon.	the tilt of Earth.	B
1,837	VASoL_2010_3_17	Which part of a bicycle BEST moves in a circle?	Seat	Frame	Foot pedal	Kickstand	C
1,838	Mercury_183785	When animals use energy, what is always produced?	sugar	heat	oxygen	starch	B
1,839	MCAS_2008_5_5643	Which type of rock is formed when hot lava cools?	coal	igneous	limestone	metamorphic	B
1,840	Mercury_SC_406481	Which environmental factor would most likely prevent an orange tree from surviving in the desert?	the lack of moisture	the high levels of heat	the extra amount of wind	the low levels of sunlight	A
1,841	AKDE&ED_2008_4_17	After a rainstorm, a big pile of rocks blocks part of a mountain road. Which event most likely caused the rocks to move onto the road?	a tsunami	a blizzard	a landslide	a hurricane	C
1,842	Mercury_7037293	What would be the result of adding one proton to an atom?	one electron would be added	the atomic number would change	the total mass of the atom would decrease	the electrical charge would become neutral	B
1,843	Mercury_7004095	What would be the best source to find information about DNA testing?	local newspaper	TV news report	scientific journals	world almanac	C
1,844	Mercury_7037625	In what section of Earth do earthquakes happen?	crust	mantle	inner core	outer core	A
1,845	Mercury_7142135	A complete fossil has been found of a type of bird that cannot be identified. What can most likely be determined about the bird from the fossil?	The bird lived for a very short time.	The bird lived in a dry environment.	The bird existed at one time but is now extinct.	The bird was not well preserved during the process of fossilization.	C
1,846	Mercury_SC_400570	When large areas of the rainforests are cleared and burned, climate can be affected. Which best explains how rainforest destruction can contribute to the greenhouse effect?	by threatening native plants and animals	by increasing the rate of soil erosion	by increasing the water levels in oceans	by releasing carbon into the atmosphere	D
1,847	Mercury_7103285	Which information is used in a station model?	yearly average precipitation	daily average barometric pressure	number of lightning strikes	wind direction in a particular point and time	D
1,848	MCAS_2012_5_23624	Which part of a plant is most responsible for using energy from the Sun to produce food for the plant?	flower	leaf	root	stem	B
1,849	Mercury_SC_402099	Which natural formation is the best example of the result of both constructive and destructive forces such as weathering, erosion, and deposition of sediment?	The Mid-Atlantic Ridge	The Grand Canyon	The Mojave Desert	The Himalayan Mountains	B
1,850	NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_16	Which characteristic helps a fox find food?	sense of smell	thick fur	long tail	pointed teeth	A
1,851	Mercury_400815	Tay-Sachs disease is a recessive genetic disorder. If only one gene is present, an individual is a carrier. What is the probability of two healthy Tay-Sachs carriers having a child that has the disease?	0%	25%	50%	75%	B
1,852	Mercury_7163660	Two identical lamps contain the same amount of different types of oil. They are allowed to burn until all the oil has been burned. Which measurement will best provide the total difference in chemical energy between the two oils?	final weight of lamp	original volume of oil	time it took for lamps to use oil	height of flame produced by lamp	C
1,853	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_8_12	Which disease is a result of abnormal cell division?	AIDS	cancer	chicken pox	common cold	B
1,854	NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_13	During which season of the year would a rabbit's fur be thickest?	fall	spring	summer	winter	D
1,855	Mercury_7001838	Which property of an element is determined by adding the number of protons and number of neutrons?	atomic mass	atomic radius	electrical charge	electrical potential	A
1,856	Mercury_SC_LBS10349	Which of these cycles takes 24 hours?	Earth rotating on its axis	Earth revolving around the Sun	the Moon rotating on its axis	the Moon revolving around Earth	A
1,857	MCAS_1998_8_9	Lemon juice turns litmus paper red, is corrosive and tastes sour. Lemon juice is classified as	an acid.	a base.	an element.	More information is needed to classify lemon juice.	A
1,858	Mercury_SC_LBS10788	A child walks across a carpet and generates an electrical charge. The child will get a slight shock by touching a	metal doorknob.	plastic toy.	rubber ball.	wooden block.	A
1,859	TIMSS_2003_4_pg33	Which animal eats only plants?	Cat	Dog	Lion	Rabbit	D
1,860	Mercury_SC_400682	A newborn kangaroo has the ability to crawl into its mother's pouch to drink milk. This is an example of	migration.	an instinct.	hibernation.	a learned behavior.	B
1,861	Mercury_401657	Which characteristic is shared by Earth and the Moon?	glaciers	flowing water	an atmosphere that contains oxygen	an orbit created by the force of gravity	D
1,862	MSA_2013_5_46	The Piedmont and Coastal Plains regions in Maryland produce crops such as corn, soybeans, wheat, tobacco, tomatoes, and apples. Which environmental factor most likely influences which crops are grown in these regions?	soil quality	wind speeds	bird migration	water temperature	A
1,863	Mercury_7135450	Which organ system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment?	circulatory	excretory	immune	respiratory	D
1,864	Mercury_7212135	Which of these will always produce a magnetic field?	a bar of steel	a bar of aluminum	an electric current	an electric charge	C
1,865	Mercury_7162628	The periodic table provides information about the atoms of different elements. Which is a characteristic of an atom determines what element it is?	number of neutrons	number of protons	state of matter	atomic mass	B
1,866	Mercury_401734	Joel made some measurements and recorded this data: Sample 1 - 45 mL Sample 2 - 15 mL Sample 3 - 30 mL Sample 4 - 20 mL Which of these tools would most likely have been used to obtain these measurements?	test tube	meter stick	spring scale	graduated cylinder	D
1,867	Mercury_7057278	A teacher demonstrates a chemical reaction. A student observes that the test tube in which the reaction occurs becomes warm. What is the source of the thermal energy generated by the reaction?	energy stored in the reactants	breaking bonds of the reactants	kinetic energy absorbed by the reaction	potential energy absorbed by the reaction	A
1,868	Mercury_175875	Deer provide food for wolves. How does this relationship also benefit the deer herd?	by protecting deer from other predators	by controlling the deer population	by decreasing diversity within the herd	by protecting the deer from disease	B
1,869	Mercury_401003	In what way does society benefit from research on diseases?	New illnesses will develop.	Doctors will visit their patients at home.	More families will move closer to hospitals.	Many illnesses will be prevented or cured.	D
1,870	Mercury_7064593	Which energy transformation takes place in a gasoline lawn mower?	potential energy to electrical energy	electrical energy to potential energy	kinetic energy to chemical energy	chemical energy to mechanical energy	D
1,871	Mercury_181195	Which of the following can only be seen with a telescope?	the moon-like phases of Venus	the phases of Earth's moon	a lunar eclipse	a solar eclipse	A
1,872	Mercury_404104	The rocks that form most of the Sierra Nevada are granitic rocks. This means that the mountains were most likely formed by	strike-slip faults.	transform boundaries.	volcanic activity.	land subsidence.	C
1,873	ACTAAP_2015_5_3	In 1872, the United States created a national park called Yellowstone. The park includes more than two million acres in the three states of Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming. Which statement best explains why national parks have a positive effect on ecosystems?	National parks limit people from seeing wildlife.	National parks limit mining, logging, and hunting.	National parks protect land for farmers and ranchers.	National parks protect land for people to build houses.	B
1,874	Mercury_7245508	According to the endosymbiotic theory, double-membrane mitochondria originated as a result of some larger eukaryotic cells with flexible membranes engulfing smaller prokaryotic cells. Which of these explains where the outer layer of the double membrane of the mitochondria originated?	the plasma membrane of the eukaryotic host	the nuclear membrane of the eukaryotic host	the ribosomes of the engulfed prokaryotic cell	the lysosomes of the engulfed prokaryotic cell	A
1,875	Mercury_7163223	Toni got a cut on her arm while playing in a softball game. A few weeks later, the cut was healed. Which process is most responsible for repairing the cut?	signals transported by nerve cells	exchange of oxygen in the lungs	transport of waste by blood	reproduction of skin cells	D
1,876	MCAS_2008_8_5717	A pot of cold water was heated on a stove until the water boiled. Which of the following best explains why the water was able to boil?	The hot stove absorbed cold from the pot.	The cold water absorbed heat from the pot.	The hot stove gave off heat to the surrounding air.	The cold water gave off cold to the surrounding air.	B
1,877	Mercury_7216475	A spring-fed stream forms a pond that contains watercress plants, minnows, and crayfish. The pond receives 5 hours of direct sunlight every day. Which of the following is an abiotic factor in this ecosystem?	the pond water	the watercress plants	the minnows	the crayfish	A
1,878	Mercury_7042525	A modern theory of the origin of the universe proposes that the first atoms formed were primarily atoms of which element?	iron	carbon	helium	hydrogen	D
1,879	Mercury_LBS10300	A star is a large astronomical body that	reflects light.	condenses light.	emits light.	absorbs light.	C
1,880	TIMSS_2003_4_pg16	What happens to water when it boils?	It changes color.	It becomes heavier.	It changes into water vapor.	It stops bubbling.	C

1,781

MEA_2013_5_14

Which event would most likely result in more food for organisms that are scavengers?

Fish die and sink to the bottom of a pond.

Trees take up and store water with roots.

Beavers build a new dam and lodge.

Plants get more sunshine and water.

A

1,782

NAEP_2000_4_S12+7

When you are riding a bicycle at night, your bicycle's reflectors help people in cars see your bicycle. How do bicycle reflectors work?

They are made of a special material that gives off its own light.

They are hooked up to batteries that allow them to produce light.

They bounce light back from other sources.

They are covered with paint that glows in the dark.

C

1,783

AKDE&ED_2008_4_45

From Earth, the Sun appears brighter than any other star because the Sun is the

newest star.

largest star.

hottest star.

closest star.

D

1,784

OHAT_2010_5_1

Scientists found fish fossils in the desert. What do the fossils tell about this environment when the fish were alive?

There was a forest with large trees.

There were lakes with water plants.

There were mountains with glaciers.

There was a desert with large rocks.

B

1,785

Mercury_7107503

Chinese and European societies can use different but effective technologies when addressing medical questions. What does this demonstrate?

Varied approaches can yield successful technologies.

Not all technologies behave according to scientific laws.

The development of science and technology are independent.

Technology results more from practice than from scientific knowledge.

A

1,786

Mercury_7133595

The exotic plant Melaleuca, or Australian Pine, has increased the intensity of fires across the Everglades. The amount of fuel available for fires has increased due to the presence of the Melaleuca. The Melaleuca releases massive numbers of seeds in response to fire, drought, and herbicide damage. Which best describes the reason the Melaleuca has been able to survive?

adaptation

competition

diversification

mutation

A

1,787

Mercury_416392

Water that is used to cool nuclear power plants can be released into water bodies, causing an area called a thermal plume. A thermal plume can be 12-18°C warmer than surrounding waters. Although some fish may be attracted to the warmer water, other organisms may not be able to survive. Government officials order a study to determine the effects of a thermal plume in a water body near a nuclear power plant in North Carolina. Which factor most related to temperature should the study focus on in order to determine whether the thermal plume is damaging the health of the water system?

pH

dissolved oxygen

nutrient concentration

turbidity

B

1,788

MEA_2013_8_16

What is a galaxy?

a moon that orbits a planet

a planet that orbits the Sun

a very large system of stars that is held together by gravity

a very large system of planets that is held together by the Sun

C

1,789

Mercury_SC_408506

Which part of a strawberry plant absorbs most of the water needed by the plant?

flowers

fruits

leaves

roots

D

1,790

Mercury_407987

In cherry tomatoes, red color (R) is dominant to yellow color (r). If two heterozygous plants are crossed, what percentage of the offspring will be yellow?

0%

25%

50%

100%

B

1,791

Mercury_7016555

Which situation is an example of a feedback system in the body that maintains homeostasis?

a mouse pushing a lever to release food

a dog going to a food bowl when a bell rings

students receiving star stickers for good behavior

the brain signaling blood vessels to return to normal

D

1,792

NYSEDREGENTS_2011_8_11

Which human organ system produces sperm or egg cells?

digestive system

nervous system

respiratory system

reproductive system

D

1,793

NAEP_2000_8_S11+12

In the human body the digestion of proteins takes place primarily in which two organs?

Mouth and stomach

Stomach and small intestine

Liver and gall bladder

Pancreas and large intestine

B

1,794

Mercury_7218295

What is the source of the organic matter needed for most fertile soils?

moving water

eroded sand

decaying plants

weathered bedrock

C

1,795

NCEOGA_2013_8_9

A scientist finds the bones of a dinosaur. What could help the scientist determine the approximate age of the dinosaur bones?

the birds living in the area of the bones

the weather conditions in the area of the bones

the kinds of trees living in the area of the bones

the index fossils in the area of the bones

D

1,796

Mercury_SC_415470

A pond is near river but not connected to it. What would most likely allow fish to move from the pond to the river?

a fire

a drought

a snowstorm

a flood

D

1,797

Mercury_404794

A characteristic that all living organisms have in common is they

need similar food.

have the same life span.

live in the same climate.

are made of cells.

D

1,798

Mercury_7186795

When the cells in an organism divide and reproduce, the organism can grow. Which cell organelle contains the genetic material for reproduction?

the nucleus

the ribosome

the mitochondrion

the endoplasmic reticulum

A

1,799

Mercury_SC_400524

Measurements of carbon dioxide concentrations in the air taken over the past decade have shown a

leveling off.

slow increase.

steady decline.

dramatic increase.

D

1,800

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_8_6

All matter is made up of particles called

cells

molecules

atoms

compounds

C

1,801

TIMSS_2011_8_pg130

Which of the following energy conversions takes place in a battery-operated flashlight?

electrical -> mechanical -> light

chemical -> mechanical -> light

chemical -> electrical -> light

nuclear -> electrical -> light

C

1,802

VASoL_2009_5_21

Which of these is most likely harmful to an ecosystem?

Building new homes in a wetland

Taking away airplanes from an airport

Planting trees in an orchard

Adding floors to an office building

A

1,803

Mercury_SC_413443

Which units are best to measure the amount of rain that fell during a thunderstorm?

centimeters

degrees Celsius

grams

seconds

A

1,804

Mercury_SC_409151

Noah visited a park that had many oak trees. Which best describes the role of an oak tree in its ecosystem?

Oak trees can live for a long time.

Oak trees have leaves that change colors.

Oak trees have strong branches and trunks.

Oak trees are a source of food and shelter for animals.

D

1,805

TAKS_2009_8_40

Which of these resources will most likely be depleted first?

Wind

Solar energy

Fossil fuels

Water

C

1,806

Mercury_7195195

When athletes begin to exercise, their heart rates and respiration rates increase. At what level of organization does the human body coordinate these functions?

at the tissue level

at the organ level

at the system level

at the cellular level

C

1,807

MDSA_2011_4_40

A student heated a pan of soup on a stove. While stirring the soup with a metal spoon, the student noticed the spoon became very warm. What is the most likely reason the spoon became warm?

The stirring action heated the spoon.

Warm air in the room heated the spoon.

Heat from the soup was transferred to the spoon.

The student's hand transferred heat to the spoon.

C

1,808

Mercury_SC_415398

Where does a landslide begin?

a low hill

a plain

a mountain

a basin

C

1,809

MDSA_2007_5_38

Students are learning about the natural resources in Maryland. One group of students researches information about renewable natural resources in the state. The other group researches information about nonrenewable natural resources in the state. The resources the students investigate include plants, animals, soil, minerals, water, coal, and oil. Aluminum is a nonrenewable natural resource. Which of these methods of aluminum disposal is best for the environment?

burning it

recycling it

burying it in landfills

crushing it before throwing it away

B

1,810

MCAS_2007_8_5158

Which of the following keeps the planets in our solar system in orbit around the Sun?

atmospheric pressure

gravitational force

electromagnetic energy

thermal energy

B

1,811

Mercury_7006143

Which human organ system primarily exchanges gases between the body and the atmosphere?

excretory

nervous

skeletal

respiratory

D

1,812

CSZ10286

Moving water was the most important factor in forming which of these?

the Grand Canyon

San Andreas Fault

the Rocky Mountains

Mount St. Helens Volcano

A

1,813

NYSEDREGENTS_2016_4_1

Which list contains only nonliving things?

coins, snakes, birds

water, rocks, sunlight

rubber ball, plants, house

soil, fish, air

B

1,814

Mercury_SC_400155

Which type of energy conversion occurs in a flashlight?

chemical to light

mechanical to light

electrical to chemical

mechanical to chemical

A

1,815

MEAP_2005_8_19

Rocks that contain fragments of bones, shells, and plant remains are most likely

crystals.

igneous.

sedimentary.

metamorphic.

C

1,816

Mercury_7007980

Which reaction is endothermic?

cold pack

coal burning

striking a match

charcoal grill fire

A

1,817

AKDE&ED_2008_4_7

Which property of water can cause a rock to break apart?

Water boiling at 100°C.

Water losing energy slowly.

Water expanding as it freezes.

Water having a high surface tension.

C

1,818

ACTAAP_2008_5_11

With a microscope, you see that an object has a cell wall, a chloroplast, and a nucleus. What is being observed?

a plant cell

an animal cell

a male organism

a female organism

A

1,819

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_28

Which instrument would be best to measure the volume of a liquid?

a pan balance

a stopwatch

a thermometer

a graduated cylinder

D

1,820

Mercury_7057558

Which part of an atom is involved in chemical reactions?

nucleus and its particles

negatively-charged particles

neutrally-charged particles

positively-charged particles

B

1,821

Mercury_SC_403008

Which tool is best used to collect information about the weather?

ruler

stopwatch

thermometer

collecting net

C

1,822

Mercury_7106943

Which of these characteristics best helps scientists classify organisms?

size

color

gender

structure

D

1,823

LEAP__7_10347

Which resource is most likely found in large amounts in forest ecosystems?

iron

wood

plastic

petroleum

B

1,824

MCAS_2007_8_5184

Which of the following best describes a role of mushrooms in ecosystems?

capturing energy from sunlight

consuming living plant material

taking energy from animal hosts

breaking down dead plant material

D

1,825

Mercury_7220868

A gardener wants to increase the ability of garden soil to retain water. Which of these should the gardener add to the soil?

coarse sand

loose gravel

nitrogen pellets

organic material

D

1,826

Mercury_SC_400010

In the life cycle of a fly, which stage comes after the larval stage?

egg

adult

nymph

pupa

D

1,827

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_26

In which example could a thermometer be used to show that heat energy is being transferred?

A piano is played by striking the keys.

A shovel is used to move dirt from one place to another.

A ball is thrown into the air.

A stove is used to boil water in a pan.

D

1,828

Mercury_SC_401291

What is the most likely function of a turtle's hard shell?

convert energy

increase speed

provide protection

allow for reproduction

C

1,829

Mercury_7092225

What is the main source of energy that causes water to evaporate from the surface of Earth?

lightning

sun

gravity

wind

B

1,830

Mercury_7185588

Which terms can be used to describe the properties of both a wave and a particle of light?

charge and volume

frequency and mass

speed and frequency

frequency and density

C

1,831

Mercury_SC_401631

To use energy from the Sun to power household appliances, the solar energy must be converted to

heat energy.

light energy.

nuclear energy.

electrical energy.

D

1,832

Mercury_417571

The yellow-throated longclaw is a bird that lives on the dry savanna of Africa. It looks almost exactly like another bird, the western meadowlark of North America. Although the birds look very similar, they are not even in the same taxonomic family. Scientists think the birds look alike because the two species developed under similar environmental pressures, even though they developed thousands of miles apart. Which process does their development demonstrate?

sexual selection

disruptive selection

divergent evolution

convergent evolution

D

1,833

Mercury_7148173

The reaction that releases energy for use by the cell occurs in which site?

Golgi apparatus

endoplasmic reticulum

cytoplasmic membrane

mitochondrial membrane

D

1,834

NCEOGA_2013_8_11

Why do doctors suggest that people get a flu vaccine each year?

Viruses replicate more rapidly over time.

Viruses can mutate from year to year.

Vaccines are absorbed by the body after a year.

Vaccines get stronger over time.

B

1,835

MCAS_2008_5_5627

Which of the following events involves a consumer and producer in a food chain?

A cat eats a mouse.

A deer eats a leaf.

A hawk eats a mouse.

A snake eats a rat.

B

1,836

MCAS_2002_5_5

The change from day to night on Earth can be explained by

the movement of the Sun.

the rotation of Earth.

the movement of the Moon.

the tilt of Earth.

B

1,837

VASoL_2010_3_17

Which part of a bicycle BEST moves in a circle?

Seat

Frame

Foot pedal

Kickstand

C

1,838

Mercury_183785

When animals use energy, what is always produced?

sugar

heat

oxygen

starch

B

1,839

MCAS_2008_5_5643

Which type of rock is formed when hot lava cools?

coal

igneous

limestone

metamorphic

B

1,840

Mercury_SC_406481

Which environmental factor would most likely prevent an orange tree from surviving in the desert?

the lack of moisture

the high levels of heat

the extra amount of wind

the low levels of sunlight

A

1,841

AKDE&ED_2008_4_17

After a rainstorm, a big pile of rocks blocks part of a mountain road. Which event most likely caused the rocks to move onto the road?

a tsunami

a blizzard

a landslide

a hurricane

C

1,842

Mercury_7037293

What would be the result of adding one proton to an atom?

one electron would be added

the atomic number would change

the total mass of the atom would decrease

the electrical charge would become neutral

B

1,843

Mercury_7004095

What would be the best source to find information about DNA testing?

local newspaper

TV news report

scientific journals

world almanac

C

1,844

Mercury_7037625

In what section of Earth do earthquakes happen?

crust

mantle

inner core

outer core

A

1,845

Mercury_7142135

A complete fossil has been found of a type of bird that cannot be identified. What can most likely be determined about the bird from the fossil?

The bird lived for a very short time.

The bird lived in a dry environment.

The bird existed at one time but is now extinct.

The bird was not well preserved during the process of fossilization.

C

1,846

Mercury_SC_400570

When large areas of the rainforests are cleared and burned, climate can be affected. Which best explains how rainforest destruction can contribute to the greenhouse effect?

by threatening native plants and animals

by increasing the rate of soil erosion

by increasing the water levels in oceans

by releasing carbon into the atmosphere

D

1,847

Mercury_7103285

Which information is used in a station model?

yearly average precipitation

daily average barometric pressure

number of lightning strikes

wind direction in a particular point and time

D

1,848

MCAS_2012_5_23624

Which part of a plant is most responsible for using energy from the Sun to produce food for the plant?

flower

leaf

root

stem

B

1,849

Mercury_SC_402099

Which natural formation is the best example of the result of both constructive and destructive forces such as weathering, erosion, and deposition of sediment?

The Mid-Atlantic Ridge

The Grand Canyon

The Mojave Desert

The Himalayan Mountains

B

1,850

NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_16

Which characteristic helps a fox find food?

sense of smell

thick fur

long tail

pointed teeth

A

1,851

Mercury_400815

Tay-Sachs disease is a recessive genetic disorder. If only one gene is present, an individual is a carrier. What is the probability of two healthy Tay-Sachs carriers having a child that has the disease?

0%

25%

50%

75%

B

1,852

Mercury_7163660

Two identical lamps contain the same amount of different types of oil. They are allowed to burn until all the oil has been burned. Which measurement will best provide the total difference in chemical energy between the two oils?

final weight of lamp

original volume of oil

time it took for lamps to use oil

height of flame produced by lamp

C

1,853

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_8_12

Which disease is a result of abnormal cell division?

AIDS

cancer

chicken pox

common cold

B

1,854

NYSEDREGENTS_2005_4_13

During which season of the year would a rabbit's fur be thickest?

fall

spring

summer

winter

D

1,855

Mercury_7001838

Which property of an element is determined by adding the number of protons and number of neutrons?

atomic mass

atomic radius

electrical charge

electrical potential

A

1,856

Mercury_SC_LBS10349

Which of these cycles takes 24 hours?

Earth rotating on its axis

Earth revolving around the Sun

the Moon rotating on its axis

the Moon revolving around Earth

A

1,857

MCAS_1998_8_9

Lemon juice turns litmus paper red, is corrosive and tastes sour. Lemon juice is classified as

an acid.

a base.

an element.

More information is needed to classify lemon juice.

A

1,858

Mercury_SC_LBS10788

A child walks across a carpet and generates an electrical charge. The child will get a slight shock by touching a

metal doorknob.

plastic toy.

rubber ball.

wooden block.

A

1,859

TIMSS_2003_4_pg33

Which animal eats only plants?

Cat

Dog

Lion

Rabbit

D

1,860

Mercury_SC_400682

A newborn kangaroo has the ability to crawl into its mother's pouch to drink milk. This is an example of

migration.

an instinct.

hibernation.

a learned behavior.

B

1,861

Mercury_401657

Which characteristic is shared by Earth and the Moon?

glaciers

flowing water

an atmosphere that contains oxygen

an orbit created by the force of gravity

D

1,862

MSA_2013_5_46

The Piedmont and Coastal Plains regions in Maryland produce crops such as corn, soybeans, wheat, tobacco, tomatoes, and apples. Which environmental factor most likely influences which crops are grown in these regions?

soil quality

wind speeds

bird migration

water temperature

A

1,863

Mercury_7135450

Which organ system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment?

circulatory

excretory

immune

respiratory

D

1,864

Mercury_7212135

Which of these will always produce a magnetic field?

a bar of steel

a bar of aluminum

an electric current

an electric charge

C

1,865

Mercury_7162628

The periodic table provides information about the atoms of different elements. Which is a characteristic of an atom determines what element it is?

number of neutrons

number of protons

state of matter

atomic mass

B

1,866

Mercury_401734

Joel made some measurements and recorded this data: Sample 1 - 45 mL Sample 2 - 15 mL Sample 3 - 30 mL Sample 4 - 20 mL Which of these tools would most likely have been used to obtain these measurements?

test tube

meter stick

spring scale

graduated cylinder

D

1,867

Mercury_7057278

A teacher demonstrates a chemical reaction. A student observes that the test tube in which the reaction occurs becomes warm. What is the source of the thermal energy generated by the reaction?

energy stored in the reactants

breaking bonds of the reactants

kinetic energy absorbed by the reaction

potential energy absorbed by the reaction

A

1,868

Mercury_175875

Deer provide food for wolves. How does this relationship also benefit the deer herd?

by protecting deer from other predators

by controlling the deer population

by decreasing diversity within the herd

by protecting the deer from disease

B

1,869

Mercury_401003

In what way does society benefit from research on diseases?

New illnesses will develop.

Doctors will visit their patients at home.

More families will move closer to hospitals.

Many illnesses will be prevented or cured.

D

1,870

Mercury_7064593

Which energy transformation takes place in a gasoline lawn mower?

potential energy to electrical energy

electrical energy to potential energy

kinetic energy to chemical energy

chemical energy to mechanical energy

D

1,871

Mercury_181195

Which of the following can only be seen with a telescope?

the moon-like phases of Venus

the phases of Earth's moon

a lunar eclipse

a solar eclipse

A

1,872

Mercury_404104

The rocks that form most of the Sierra Nevada are granitic rocks. This means that the mountains were most likely formed by

strike-slip faults.

transform boundaries.

volcanic activity.

land subsidence.

C

1,873

ACTAAP_2015_5_3

In 1872, the United States created a national park called Yellowstone. The park includes more than two million acres in the three states of Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming. Which statement best explains why national parks have a positive effect on ecosystems?

National parks limit people from seeing wildlife.

National parks limit mining, logging, and hunting.

National parks protect land for farmers and ranchers.

National parks protect land for people to build houses.

B

1,874

Mercury_7245508

According to the endosymbiotic theory, double-membrane mitochondria originated as a result of some larger eukaryotic cells with flexible membranes engulfing smaller prokaryotic cells. Which of these explains where the outer layer of the double membrane of the mitochondria originated?

the plasma membrane of the eukaryotic host

the nuclear membrane of the eukaryotic host

the ribosomes of the engulfed prokaryotic cell

the lysosomes of the engulfed prokaryotic cell

A

1,875

Mercury_7163223

Toni got a cut on her arm while playing in a softball game. A few weeks later, the cut was healed. Which process is most responsible for repairing the cut?

signals transported by nerve cells

exchange of oxygen in the lungs

transport of waste by blood

reproduction of skin cells

D

1,876

MCAS_2008_8_5717

A pot of cold water was heated on a stove until the water boiled. Which of the following best explains why the water was able to boil?

The hot stove absorbed cold from the pot.

The cold water absorbed heat from the pot.

The hot stove gave off heat to the surrounding air.

The cold water gave off cold to the surrounding air.

B

1,877

Mercury_7216475

A spring-fed stream forms a pond that contains watercress plants, minnows, and crayfish. The pond receives 5 hours of direct sunlight every day. Which of the following is an abiotic factor in this ecosystem?

the pond water

the watercress plants

the minnows

the crayfish

A

1,878

Mercury_7042525

A modern theory of the origin of the universe proposes that the first atoms formed were primarily atoms of which element?

iron

carbon

helium

hydrogen

D

1,879

Mercury_LBS10300

A star is a large astronomical body that

reflects light.

condenses light.

emits light.

absorbs light.

C

1,880

TIMSS_2003_4_pg16

What happens to water when it boils?

It changes color.

It becomes heavier.

It changes into water vapor.

It stops bubbling.

C