dpquoc/ARC · Datasets at Hugging Face

Unnamed: 0 int64 0 2.25k	id stringlengths 8 22	question stringlengths 17 683	A stringlengths 1 147	B stringlengths 1 134	C stringlengths 1 153	D stringlengths 1 129 ⌀	answer stringclasses 5 values
1,881	MCAS_2008_8_5700	Ms. Bristol measured the mass of a closed beaker containing several ice cubes. The mass was 100 g. An hour later, after the ice cubes had melted, Ms. Bristol measured the mass of the beaker again. What was the mass of the beaker of water the second time?	50 g	75 g	100 g	125 g	C
1,882	Mercury_7128905	A student has two solid samples of the same substance. Which property do the substances most likely have in common?	density	mass	shape	volume	A
1,883	Mercury_7121940	In which object does chemical energy most likely transform into electrical energy?	a candle	a mirror	a flashlight	a television	C
1,884	Mercury_401696	What is the mass number of an atom with 17 protons, 17 electrons, and 18 neutrons?	17	34	35	52	C
1,885	Mercury_SC_411901	Some machines can remove the salt that is in seawater. How does removing salt from seawater most help people?	provides useable drinking water	creates cleaner water for rivers	enables more fish to live in lake water	allows more plants to grow along rivers	A
1,886	Mercury_7083440	Which body system is most affected by a disease that causes the bones to become weak and brittle?	excretory	muscular	skeletal	nervous	C
1,887	TIMSS_2011_8_pg34	Why can a small fire be put out by placing a heavy blanket over it?	This lowers the temperature.	This makes the flames smaller.	This absorbs the burning substance.	This keeps oxygen from reaching the fire.	D
1,888	MCAS_1999_4_36	There is a river at the base of Mount Tom. In the spring the water level is usually very high. In the summer it is lower. The higher level of water during the spring comes from	hurricanes.	melting snow.	tornadoes.	evaporating water.	B
1,889	MDSA_2010_8_33	Earthquake waves are recorded by seismograph machines. What does an earthquake wave transmit?	energy	light	particles	speed	A
1,890	MDSA_2008_5_38	The snowshoe hare was once common in Maryland. In 1986, researchers in the state noted that the snowshoe hare was no longer found in Maryland. Which statement best explains why the snowshoe hare is no longer found in Maryland?	Water quality has improved.	There are too many trees.	The temperature is too cold.	Housing developments have replaced fields.	D
1,891	Mercury_7245858	In the initial stages of manned space exploration, scientists needed to address adequate nutrition to provide astronauts with energy throughout the mission. Which of these criteria could not be used when considering food and energy for astronauts during manned space flights?	history of space food	food crumbs in zero gravity	rehydration of certain foods	food storage for long periods	A
1,892	NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_10	Which is the best example of evaporation?	raindrops freezing	an ice cube melting	a puddle drying in the sun	a sponge soaking up water	C
1,893	Mercury_7163293	In a forest community, trees produce leaves that can be eaten by deer. The leaves also fall to the forest floor during autumn. Fungi break the leaves down into nutrients that enter the soil. What is the decomposer in this forest community?	the soil	the deer	the trees	the fungi	D
1,894	Mercury_SC_401314	Compared to Earth, the Moon is	drier.	larger.	heavier.	brighter.	A
1,895	Mercury_415687	What process forms an image in a mirror?	absorbing light	reflecting light	refracting light	transmitting light	B
1,896	Mercury_402613	Which is an example of a physical change?	ice melting	nail rusting	bread baking	wood burning	A
1,897	MCAS_2005_9_5	Which of the following describes an object that must have a net negative charge?	It contains more molecules than atoms.	It contains more electrons than protons.	It is carrying an electric current.	It is made of metal.	B
1,898	MCAS_2001_8_15	Rocks found on Earth are classified as sedimentary, metamorphic, or igneous based on	where the rocks were found.	how the rocks were formed.	the composition of the rocks.	the color and shape of the rocks.	B
1,899	MCAS_2008_8_5690	Which of the following is formed when two elements combine chemically?	an atom	a compound	an electron	a mixture	B
1,900	Mercury_177100	Which of the following is the most important safety practice when using a rock hammer on a geology field trip?	wear gloves while breaking rocks	wear goggles while breaking rocks	have a bucket of sand in case of sparks	have a clean eye-wash station available	B
1,901	Mercury_403701	To which organ system do the esophagus, liver, pancreas, small intestine, and colon belong?	reproductive system	excretory system	digestive system	endocrine system	C
1,902	Mercury_7024308	When sodium hydroxide reacts with a copper nitrate solution, the reaction vessel needs to be kept on ice to slow down the reaction. What best describes this reaction?	an exothermic reaction that absorbs energy	an exothermic reaction that releases energy	an endothermic reaction that absorbs energy	an endothermic reaction that releases energy	B
1,903	Mercury_184485	Scientists measured the patterns of spectral lines given off by distant galaxies and concluded that almost all of these galaxies are moving away from Earth. What did the scientists observe directly?	a shift toward longer wavelengths of light	a shift toward shorter wavelengths of light	the absence of wavelengths in the visible light range	the compression of wavelengths in the visible light range	A
1,904	Mercury_7075198	When a multicellular organism is damaged, it will repair itself as	it mutates.	the cells work together.	the cells move.	it makes its own food.	B
1,905	Mercury_7057995	Genes are located on chromosomes which are composed of	DNA.	RNA.	ATP.	ADP.	A
1,906	MCAS_2007_8_5183	Which of the following best describes the number of chromosomes in a normal human liver cell?	23 pairs of chromosomes	46 different types of chromosomes	46 male chromosomes and 46 female chromosomes	23 original chromosomes and 23 duplicate chromosomes	A
1,907	Mercury_7211208	A student measures the growth of a group of plants given different amounts of fertilizer. Which data display should the student use to compare the growth of the plants?	bar graph	scatterplot	line graph	pie chart	C
1,908	Mercury_SC_LBS10173	What is a large buildup of moving ice and snow called?	drumlin	delta	glacier	moraine	C
1,909	Mercury_7107468	Which of these conditions would most likely be shown in the fossil record as a reason for mass extinctions?	increased competition for resources	falling sea levels and global cooling	organisms with beneficial traits	increased solar activity	B
1,910	Mercury_7009905	One of the functions of a topographic map is to	gauge local rainfall amounts.	study the area's geological history.	predict the severity of earthquakes.	show the surface features of an area.	D
1,911	MCAS_1999_4_35	Reptiles become more active as the day gets warmer. This is because	they have scaly skin.	they have slimy skin.	their body temperature stays at a constant level.	their body temperature changes with the environment.	D
1,912	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_8_25	Which scientific model could be used to predict the properties of an element?	closed loop system	Punnett square	Periodic Table	water cycle chart	C
1,913	Mercury_7253663	Some of the thermal structure of Earth is the result of a combination of chemical composition, temperature, and pressure. Which is a boundary that best demonstrates a contact point between layers having relatively the same temperature and chemical composition?	lithosphere and mesosphere	inner core and outer core	outer core and mantle	mantle and crust	B
1,914	Mercury_7218260	A hillside along a highway has exposed layers of undisturbed sedimentary rock. Which method would be best for scientists to use to determine the relative age of these sedimentary rock layers?	apply the law of superposition	calculate the rate of radiometric decay	apply the law of crosscutting relationships	calculate the rate of tectonic plate movement	A
1,915	Mercury_7012600	What are petri dishes used for in a lab?	reflecting light to form images	measuring the mass of molecules	growing bacteria in a controlled setting	observing the strength of physical forces	C
1,916	NAEP_2005_4_S14+2	How do most fish get the oxygen they need to survive?	They take in water and break it down into hydrogen and oxygen.	Using their gills, they take in oxygen that is dissolved in water.	They get their oxygen from the food they eat.	They come to the surface every few minutes to breathe air into their lungs.	B
1,917	Mercury_SC_408417	Miranda's neighbors have an apple tree in their yard. What is the source of energy for the apple tree?	rain	soil	sunlight	wind	C
1,918	MCAS_2007_5_4765	Some types of trees are able to survive the heat of a forest fire. Which of the following characteristics would best help a tree survive a fire?	large leaves	shallow roots	thick bark	thin trunks	C
1,919	MCAS_2006_9_9	Which of the following would most likely happen if grasses and shrubs were removed from a rural Massachusetts ecosystem?	There would be an increase in consumers in the ecosystem.	There would be an increase of photosynthesis in the ecosystem.	There would be a decrease in food energy produced by the ecosystem.	There would be a decrease of carbon dioxide available to the ecosystem.	C
1,920	MDSA_2007_5_23	In 2004, Maryland recycled more than 35% of all of the waste the state produced. Which of these benefits does recycling provide to Maryland?	fewer wild animals	decreased farm crops	less trash sent to landfills	decreased use of electricity	C
1,921	MEA_2016_5_10	A student finds a round, smooth pebble on a beach. Which action made the pebble smooth?	rain falling	wind blowing	snow melting	waves moving	D
1,922	Mercury_7014420	The position of the liver in the circulatory system maximizes its ability to filter out harmful chemicals as soon as they enter the bloodstream. Blood travels to the liver from the	nervous system.	digestive system.	immune system.	excretory system.	B
1,923	Mercury_SC_405359	A student recorded the amount of rain that fell in one year in his city. What is the best way for him to organize his information?	diagram	graph	journal	map	B
1,924	AIMS_2009_4_21	While Anna was testing a circuit, she dropped a light bulb. What is the safest thing Anna can do?	get a new bulb to finish the test	push the broken glass under a table	tell her teacher that she broke the bulb	ask her partner to help pick up the broken glass	C
1,925	Mercury_7014858	Sugar is added to water and the mixture is stirred. Which observation is evidence that the sugar dissolved in the water?	Less sugar is visible.	The water is cloudy.	The sugar turned into crystals.	Bubbles formed in the water.	A
1,926	TIMSS_2011_4_pg89	The direction water flows in a river depends on	the length of the river	the slope of the land	the type of rock over which the water flows	the location of the North Pole	B
1,927	Mercury_SC_407681	A soccer player kicks a soccer ball across a field. Which factor has the most effect on the distance the soccer ball travels?	the color of the ball	the force of the kick	the length of the field	the temperature of the air	B
1,928	NYSEDREGENTS_2006_8_29	Many cells have a nucleus that contains chromosomes. These chromosomes carry genes that are composed of	hormones	DNA molecules	minerals and water	undigested food molecules	B
1,929	Mercury_SC_406795	Which items would best protect a group of students while investigating a forest ecosystem?	short pants and T-shirts	short pants and long-sleeved shirts	long pants and T-shirts	long pants and long-sleeved shirts	D
1,930	Mercury_7013493	A student needs to find the mass of an atom. The numbers of which atomic particles determines the mass of the atom?	only its protons	only its electrons	both its protons and neutrons	both its neutrons and electrons	C
1,931	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_21	Which activity is necessary for humans to maintain good health?	reading	resting	driving	talking	B
1,932	Mercury_SC_406073	A student completes several tasks while making breakfast. During which task does the student make a solution?	adding sugar to tea	pouring milk on cereal	spreading jelly on toast	sprinkling cheese on eggs	A
1,933	AIMS_2008_4_8	Which natural event can dry out plants and cause wildfires?	drought	earthquake	flood	tornado	A
1,934	LEAP__5_10310	Where would nitrogen most easily be found in the nitrogen cycle?	in animal waste	in drinking water supplies	in underground mineral deposits	in carbon dioxide released by factories into the atmosphere	A
1,935	Mercury_SC_405080	Before it rains water must collect in	clouds.	snow.	sleet.	fog.	A
1,936	Mercury_7263708	Which atmospheric phenomena are created by the interaction of charged particles with Earth's magnetosphere?	auroras	tornadoes	rainbows	inversions	A
1,937	VASoL_2009_3_30	Which of these BEST describes the way a feather feels?	Colorful	Soft	Low	Bright	B
1,938	TIMSS_1995_8_Q13	A tight metal lid on a jar of pickles may loosen when it has been held in hot water. This is because the hot water causes the	glass jar to contract	metal lid to contract	glass jar to expand more than the metal lid expands	metal lid to expand more than the glass jar expands	D
1,939	MDSA_2011_8_43	A scientist reads about an experiment conducted by a researcher.The scientist conducts the same experiment and collects data but this data contradicts what was published by the researcher. What should the scientist do since the data from the two experiments is contradictory?	Repeat the experiment to check the data collected.	Contact the researcher who first performed the experiment.	Contact the scientific journal that published the experiment.	Disregard the data collected since the experiment was published.	A
1,940	Mercury_SC_401321	The organisms that convert solar energy and raw materials into food are	producers.	consumers.	herbivores.	decomposers.	A
1,941	TIMSS_2003_4_pg36	Large amounts of metals like iron and aluminum are found in	dead trees	water	animal bones	oil wells	E
1,942	Mercury_7248395	Which of these occurs if myosin fails to bind to actin during muscle contraction?	The muscle cells will lose ATP.	The muscle cells will remain relaxed.	The muscle cells will produce lactic acid.	The muscle cells will lose calcium ions.	B
1,943	Mercury_7228060	How are cells able to produce the proteins required by certain conditions?	by synthesizing new genes	by altering existing genes	by expressing existing genes	by mutating new genes	C
1,944	Mercury_7228218	An organism's cells include organelles and a cell wall. In which taxonomic group or groups might the organism be classified?	plants only	bacteria or archaea	plants, fungi, or protists	bacteria, fungi, or protists	C
1,945	Mercury_7247870	Which of these structures produces male gametes in humans?	testes	ovaries	scrotum	fallopian tube	A
1,946	NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_26	The length of a year is equivalent to the time it takes for one	rotation of Earth	rotation of the Sun	revolution of Earth around the Sun	revolution of the Sun around Earth	C
1,947	VASoL_2011_5_32	Which of these organisms has cells with cell walls?	bluebird	A pine tree	A ladybug	A fox squirrel	B
1,948	Mercury_7083370	Which is the result of mitosis?	two identical nuclei	four unique cells	a decrease in genes	a new protein	A
1,949	Mercury_SC_400399	Which of these materials on the walls of a room would work best to keep sound from making an echo?	marble	carpet	wood	glass	B
1,950	MCAS_2004_8_16	The starch and water molecules in potato cells are stored in what organelle?	mitochondrion	nucleus	ribosome	vacuole	D
1,951	MCAS_2000_4_8	Which animals live part of their lives in water and part on land, and go through metamorphosis?	reptiles	amphibians	birds	mammals	B
1,952	NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_22	A student puts two identical plants in the same type and amount of soil. She gives them the same amount of water. She puts one of these plants near a sunny window and the other in a dark room. This experiment tests how the plants respond to	light	air	water	soil	A
1,953	MSA_2012_5_31	Humans need food to grow and survive. Food that is not used immediately by the body for energy is	stored for future use	converted to water for energy	used to remove wastes from cells	transformed into oxygen for survival	A
1,954	Mercury_7210998	What structure surrounds the cell and regulates materials that enter and leave the cell?	nucleus	chloroplast	mitochondrion	cell membrane	D
1,955	Mercury_7085208	In order for boulders to become sediments, the boulders must first be	heated and melted.	weathered and eroded.	recrystallized.	buried.	B
1,956	Mercury_SC_LBS10067	During which stage of an insect's life cycle does the female lay eggs?	nymph	larva	pupa	adult	D
1,957	Mercury_7263340	When a dog smells food and begins drooling, it is responding to an external stimulus. Which of these describes a response to an internal stimulus?	A cat sees a mouse and crouches.	A parrot hears a name and repeats it.	A person eats spoiled food and vomits.	A worm senses water and moves to the surface.	C
1,958	NAEP_2009_4_S11+16	Which is an example of melting?	Flowing water making a rock smooth	A carrot becoming soft when cooked	Sugar mixed into tea making the tea sweet	Butter changing into liquid in a warm pan	D
1,959	Mercury_SC_405506	Students perform an investigation designed to measure the daily growth of a bean plant. Which should the students do every day of this investigation?	record data	form hypothesis	form conclusion	define variables	A
1,960	TAKS_2009_5_5	Ice cream in a bowl changed from solid to liquid in a few minutes. Which of the following most likely caused this change?	Bacteria grew in the ice cream.	Heat was added to the ice cream.	Water evaporated from the ice cream.	Frozen berries were sprinkled on the ice cream.	B
1,961	Mercury_7043103	The change in the use of one model of the solar system to the use of another model resulted in major changes in science and society. Which two scientists produced the earlier and later models, respectively?	Hooke and Mendel	Newton and Galileo	Aristotle and Einstein	Ptolemy and Copernicus	D
1,962	Mercury_401407	An atom with a +1 charge has	lost a proton.	lost an electron.	gained a proton.	gained an electron.	B
1,963	NCEOGA_2013_5_12	Which is an example of a single-celled organism?	amoeba	insect	fish	worm	A
1,964	Mercury_7014298	The Great Ocean Conveyer ocean current system runs north through the Atlantic from the equatorial region. If this current got disrupted, North American and European climates would become	rainier.	colder.	windier.	more humid.	B
1,965	Mercury_7109218	Which region of the Milky Way contains a population that consists mostly of old stars?	the halo	the spiral arms	the nuclear bulge	the open clusters	A
1,966	Mercury_7069563	When a switch to a ceiling fan is turned on, electrical energy is being transformed into	atomic energy.	potential energy.	chemical energy.	mechanical energy.	D
1,967	Mercury_186375	An agricultural scientist, George Washington Carver, is most famous for his research on	tobacco.	peanuts.	mold.	corn.	B
1,968	Mercury_SC_401268	A student pours a clear liquid from a test tube into a beaker with a clear liquid already in it and notices that the mixture turns pink. The student infers the two clear liquids are different. This inference is a result of	class discussion.	previous knowledge.	temperature changes.	student observations.	D
1,969	Mercury_7250145	In what leaf structure is photosynthetic tissue found?	cuticle	upper epidermis	mesophyll	vascular bundle	C
1,970	Mercury_7269133	The crude oil extracted today was formed millions of years ago from the fossilized remains of algae and other tiny marine organisms. Most parts of the organisms decomposed soon after they died. Which biomolecules decomposed more slowly and became the basis of crude oil?	proteins	carbohydrates	fatty acids	nucleic acids	C
1,971	NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_19	Temperatures below freezing are expected overnight. What might be done to protect plants growing outside?	trim the leaves	weed them	cover them	give them plant food	C
1,972	Mercury_7014018	Prolonged exercise stimulates muscle cells to absorb sugar from the blood. This mechanism reduces stress placed on the body by signaling the body to produce	insulin.	lipids.	hemoglobin.	hydrochloric acid.	A
1,973	Mercury_184118	Which geologic feature is evidence that the North American plate once collided with the Eurasian and African plates?	the Appalachian Mountains	the Mohave Desert	the Mississippi River	the Great Lakes	A
1,974	NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_28	During an experiment, a student reports that a liquid turned green when mixed with another liquid. This is an example of	a measurement	a prediction	an explanation	an observation	D
1,975	Mercury_7008628	Which of the following causes a chemical change?	sugar added to soda	detergent added to water	lemon juice added to milk	salt added to water	C
1,976	ACTAAP_2012_7_1	Which human organ system exchanges gases with the environment?	endocrine	circulatory	respiratory	integumentary	C
1,977	Mercury_7211383	Improvements in geological observation technologies have made it easier for scientists to locate resources in Earth's crust. These technologies have allowed for an increase in availability of which resource?	wind power	solar energy	fossil fuel	tidal energy	C
1,978	MCAS_2016_8_5	An engineer constructs a prototype from wood. Which of the following is the best tool for the engineer to use to make the prototype's surface smooth?	band saw	chisel	drill	sandpaper	D
1,979	Mercury_SC_405078	If left in the sunshine, water in an open jar will	evaporate.	condense.	freeze.	melt.	A
1,980	MCAS_2012_5_23630	In some locations, squirrels sleep for long periods of time during the winter months. Which of the following most likely causes these squirrels to sleep for long periods of time?	increase in humidity	decrease in temperature	clouds forming in the sky	winds blowing in the night	B

1,881

MCAS_2008_8_5700

Ms. Bristol measured the mass of a closed beaker containing several ice cubes. The mass was 100 g. An hour later, after the ice cubes had melted, Ms. Bristol measured the mass of the beaker again. What was the mass of the beaker of water the second time?

50 g

75 g

100 g

125 g

C

1,882

Mercury_7128905

A student has two solid samples of the same substance. Which property do the substances most likely have in common?

density

mass

shape

volume

A

1,883

Mercury_7121940

In which object does chemical energy most likely transform into electrical energy?

a candle

a mirror

a flashlight

a television

C

1,884

Mercury_401696

What is the mass number of an atom with 17 protons, 17 electrons, and 18 neutrons?

17

34

35

52

C

1,885

Mercury_SC_411901

Some machines can remove the salt that is in seawater. How does removing salt from seawater most help people?

provides useable drinking water

creates cleaner water for rivers

enables more fish to live in lake water

allows more plants to grow along rivers

A

1,886

Mercury_7083440

Which body system is most affected by a disease that causes the bones to become weak and brittle?

excretory

muscular

skeletal

nervous

C

1,887

TIMSS_2011_8_pg34

Why can a small fire be put out by placing a heavy blanket over it?

This lowers the temperature.

This makes the flames smaller.

This absorbs the burning substance.

This keeps oxygen from reaching the fire.

D

1,888

MCAS_1999_4_36

There is a river at the base of Mount Tom. In the spring the water level is usually very high. In the summer it is lower. The higher level of water during the spring comes from

hurricanes.

melting snow.

tornadoes.

evaporating water.

B

1,889

MDSA_2010_8_33

Earthquake waves are recorded by seismograph machines. What does an earthquake wave transmit?

energy

light

particles

speed

A

1,890

MDSA_2008_5_38

The snowshoe hare was once common in Maryland. In 1986, researchers in the state noted that the snowshoe hare was no longer found in Maryland. Which statement best explains why the snowshoe hare is no longer found in Maryland?

Water quality has improved.

There are too many trees.

The temperature is too cold.

Housing developments have replaced fields.

D

1,891

Mercury_7245858

In the initial stages of manned space exploration, scientists needed to address adequate nutrition to provide astronauts with energy throughout the mission. Which of these criteria could not be used when considering food and energy for astronauts during manned space flights?

history of space food

food crumbs in zero gravity

rehydration of certain foods

food storage for long periods

A

1,892

NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_10

Which is the best example of evaporation?

raindrops freezing

an ice cube melting

a puddle drying in the sun

a sponge soaking up water

C

1,893

Mercury_7163293

In a forest community, trees produce leaves that can be eaten by deer. The leaves also fall to the forest floor during autumn. Fungi break the leaves down into nutrients that enter the soil. What is the decomposer in this forest community?

the soil

the deer

the trees

the fungi

D

1,894

Mercury_SC_401314

Compared to Earth, the Moon is

drier.

larger.

heavier.

brighter.

A

1,895

Mercury_415687

What process forms an image in a mirror?

absorbing light

reflecting light

refracting light

transmitting light

B

1,896

Mercury_402613

Which is an example of a physical change?

ice melting

nail rusting

bread baking

wood burning

A

1,897

MCAS_2005_9_5

Which of the following describes an object that must have a net negative charge?

It contains more molecules than atoms.

It contains more electrons than protons.

It is carrying an electric current.

It is made of metal.

B

1,898

MCAS_2001_8_15

Rocks found on Earth are classified as sedimentary, metamorphic, or igneous based on

where the rocks were found.

how the rocks were formed.

the composition of the rocks.

the color and shape of the rocks.

B

1,899

MCAS_2008_8_5690

Which of the following is formed when two elements combine chemically?

an atom

a compound

an electron

a mixture

B

1,900

Mercury_177100

Which of the following is the most important safety practice when using a rock hammer on a geology field trip?

wear gloves while breaking rocks

wear goggles while breaking rocks

have a bucket of sand in case of sparks

have a clean eye-wash station available

B

1,901

Mercury_403701

To which organ system do the esophagus, liver, pancreas, small intestine, and colon belong?

reproductive system

excretory system

digestive system

endocrine system

C

1,902

Mercury_7024308

When sodium hydroxide reacts with a copper nitrate solution, the reaction vessel needs to be kept on ice to slow down the reaction. What best describes this reaction?

an exothermic reaction that absorbs energy

an exothermic reaction that releases energy

an endothermic reaction that absorbs energy

an endothermic reaction that releases energy

B

1,903

Mercury_184485

Scientists measured the patterns of spectral lines given off by distant galaxies and concluded that almost all of these galaxies are moving away from Earth. What did the scientists observe directly?

a shift toward longer wavelengths of light

a shift toward shorter wavelengths of light

the absence of wavelengths in the visible light range

the compression of wavelengths in the visible light range

A

1,904

Mercury_7075198

When a multicellular organism is damaged, it will repair itself as

it mutates.

the cells work together.

the cells move.

it makes its own food.

B

1,905

Mercury_7057995

Genes are located on chromosomes which are composed of

DNA.

RNA.

ATP.

ADP.

A

1,906

MCAS_2007_8_5183

Which of the following best describes the number of chromosomes in a normal human liver cell?

23 pairs of chromosomes

46 different types of chromosomes

46 male chromosomes and 46 female chromosomes

23 original chromosomes and 23 duplicate chromosomes

A

1,907

Mercury_7211208

A student measures the growth of a group of plants given different amounts of fertilizer. Which data display should the student use to compare the growth of the plants?

bar graph

scatterplot

line graph

pie chart

C

1,908

Mercury_SC_LBS10173

What is a large buildup of moving ice and snow called?

drumlin

delta

glacier

moraine

C

1,909

Mercury_7107468

Which of these conditions would most likely be shown in the fossil record as a reason for mass extinctions?

increased competition for resources

falling sea levels and global cooling

organisms with beneficial traits

increased solar activity

B

1,910

Mercury_7009905

One of the functions of a topographic map is to

gauge local rainfall amounts.

study the area's geological history.

predict the severity of earthquakes.

show the surface features of an area.

D

1,911

MCAS_1999_4_35

Reptiles become more active as the day gets warmer. This is because

they have scaly skin.

they have slimy skin.

their body temperature stays at a constant level.

their body temperature changes with the environment.

D

1,912

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_8_25

Which scientific model could be used to predict the properties of an element?

closed loop system

Punnett square

Periodic Table

water cycle chart

C

1,913

Mercury_7253663

Some of the thermal structure of Earth is the result of a combination of chemical composition, temperature, and pressure. Which is a boundary that best demonstrates a contact point between layers having relatively the same temperature and chemical composition?

lithosphere and mesosphere

inner core and outer core

outer core and mantle

mantle and crust

B

1,914

Mercury_7218260

A hillside along a highway has exposed layers of undisturbed sedimentary rock. Which method would be best for scientists to use to determine the relative age of these sedimentary rock layers?

apply the law of superposition

calculate the rate of radiometric decay

apply the law of crosscutting relationships

calculate the rate of tectonic plate movement

A

1,915

Mercury_7012600

What are petri dishes used for in a lab?

reflecting light to form images

measuring the mass of molecules

growing bacteria in a controlled setting

observing the strength of physical forces

C

1,916

NAEP_2005_4_S14+2

How do most fish get the oxygen they need to survive?

They take in water and break it down into hydrogen and oxygen.

Using their gills, they take in oxygen that is dissolved in water.

They get their oxygen from the food they eat.

They come to the surface every few minutes to breathe air into their lungs.

B

1,917

Mercury_SC_408417

Miranda's neighbors have an apple tree in their yard. What is the source of energy for the apple tree?

rain

soil

sunlight

wind

C

1,918

MCAS_2007_5_4765

Some types of trees are able to survive the heat of a forest fire. Which of the following characteristics would best help a tree survive a fire?

large leaves

shallow roots

thick bark

thin trunks

C

1,919

MCAS_2006_9_9

Which of the following would most likely happen if grasses and shrubs were removed from a rural Massachusetts ecosystem?

There would be an increase in consumers in the ecosystem.

There would be an increase of photosynthesis in the ecosystem.

There would be a decrease in food energy produced by the ecosystem.

There would be a decrease of carbon dioxide available to the ecosystem.

C

1,920

MDSA_2007_5_23

In 2004, Maryland recycled more than 35% of all of the waste the state produced. Which of these benefits does recycling provide to Maryland?

fewer wild animals

decreased farm crops

less trash sent to landfills

decreased use of electricity

C

1,921

MEA_2016_5_10

A student finds a round, smooth pebble on a beach. Which action made the pebble smooth?

rain falling

wind blowing

snow melting

waves moving

D

1,922

Mercury_7014420

The position of the liver in the circulatory system maximizes its ability to filter out harmful chemicals as soon as they enter the bloodstream. Blood travels to the liver from the

nervous system.

digestive system.

immune system.

excretory system.

B

1,923

Mercury_SC_405359

A student recorded the amount of rain that fell in one year in his city. What is the best way for him to organize his information?

diagram

graph

journal

map

B

1,924

AIMS_2009_4_21

While Anna was testing a circuit, she dropped a light bulb. What is the safest thing Anna can do?

get a new bulb to finish the test

push the broken glass under a table

tell her teacher that she broke the bulb

ask her partner to help pick up the broken glass

C

1,925

Mercury_7014858

Sugar is added to water and the mixture is stirred. Which observation is evidence that the sugar dissolved in the water?

Less sugar is visible.

The water is cloudy.

The sugar turned into crystals.

Bubbles formed in the water.

A

1,926

TIMSS_2011_4_pg89

The direction water flows in a river depends on

the length of the river

the slope of the land

the type of rock over which the water flows

the location of the North Pole

B

1,927

Mercury_SC_407681

A soccer player kicks a soccer ball across a field. Which factor has the most effect on the distance the soccer ball travels?

the color of the ball

the force of the kick

the length of the field

the temperature of the air

B

1,928

NYSEDREGENTS_2006_8_29

Many cells have a nucleus that contains chromosomes. These chromosomes carry genes that are composed of

hormones

DNA molecules

minerals and water

undigested food molecules

B

1,929

Mercury_SC_406795

Which items would best protect a group of students while investigating a forest ecosystem?

short pants and T-shirts

short pants and long-sleeved shirts

long pants and T-shirts

long pants and long-sleeved shirts

D

1,930

Mercury_7013493

A student needs to find the mass of an atom. The numbers of which atomic particles determines the mass of the atom?

only its protons

only its electrons

both its protons and neutrons

both its neutrons and electrons

C

1,931

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_4_21

Which activity is necessary for humans to maintain good health?

reading

resting

driving

talking

B

1,932

Mercury_SC_406073

A student completes several tasks while making breakfast. During which task does the student make a solution?

adding sugar to tea

pouring milk on cereal

spreading jelly on toast

sprinkling cheese on eggs

A

1,933

AIMS_2008_4_8

Which natural event can dry out plants and cause wildfires?

drought

earthquake

flood

tornado

A

1,934

LEAP__5_10310

Where would nitrogen most easily be found in the nitrogen cycle?

in animal waste

in drinking water supplies

in underground mineral deposits

in carbon dioxide released by factories into the atmosphere

A

1,935

Mercury_SC_405080

Before it rains water must collect in

clouds.

snow.

sleet.

fog.

A

1,936

Mercury_7263708

Which atmospheric phenomena are created by the interaction of charged particles with Earth's magnetosphere?

auroras

tornadoes

rainbows

inversions

A

1,937

VASoL_2009_3_30

Which of these BEST describes the way a feather feels?

Colorful

Soft

Low

Bright

B

1,938

TIMSS_1995_8_Q13

A tight metal lid on a jar of pickles may loosen when it has been held in hot water. This is because the hot water causes the

glass jar to contract

metal lid to contract

glass jar to expand more than the metal lid expands

metal lid to expand more than the glass jar expands

D

1,939

MDSA_2011_8_43

A scientist reads about an experiment conducted by a researcher.The scientist conducts the same experiment and collects data but this data contradicts what was published by the researcher. What should the scientist do since the data from the two experiments is contradictory?

Repeat the experiment to check the data collected.

Contact the researcher who first performed the experiment.

Contact the scientific journal that published the experiment.

Disregard the data collected since the experiment was published.

A

1,940

Mercury_SC_401321

The organisms that convert solar energy and raw materials into food are

producers.

consumers.

herbivores.

decomposers.

A

1,941

TIMSS_2003_4_pg36

Large amounts of metals like iron and aluminum are found in

dead trees

water

animal bones

oil wells

E

1,942

Mercury_7248395

Which of these occurs if myosin fails to bind to actin during muscle contraction?

The muscle cells will lose ATP.

The muscle cells will remain relaxed.

The muscle cells will produce lactic acid.

The muscle cells will lose calcium ions.

B

1,943

Mercury_7228060

How are cells able to produce the proteins required by certain conditions?

by synthesizing new genes

by altering existing genes

by expressing existing genes

by mutating new genes

C

1,944

Mercury_7228218

An organism's cells include organelles and a cell wall. In which taxonomic group or groups might the organism be classified?

plants only

bacteria or archaea

plants, fungi, or protists

bacteria, fungi, or protists

C

1,945

Mercury_7247870

Which of these structures produces male gametes in humans?

testes

ovaries

scrotum

fallopian tube

A

1,946

NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_26

The length of a year is equivalent to the time it takes for one

rotation of Earth

rotation of the Sun

revolution of Earth around the Sun

revolution of the Sun around Earth

C

1,947

VASoL_2011_5_32

Which of these organisms has cells with cell walls?

bluebird

A pine tree

A ladybug

A fox squirrel

B

1,948

Mercury_7083370

Which is the result of mitosis?

two identical nuclei

four unique cells

a decrease in genes

a new protein

A

1,949

Mercury_SC_400399

Which of these materials on the walls of a room would work best to keep sound from making an echo?

marble

carpet

wood

glass

B

1,950

MCAS_2004_8_16

The starch and water molecules in potato cells are stored in what organelle?

mitochondrion

nucleus

ribosome

vacuole

D

1,951

MCAS_2000_4_8

Which animals live part of their lives in water and part on land, and go through metamorphosis?

reptiles

amphibians

birds

mammals

B

1,952

NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_22

A student puts two identical plants in the same type and amount of soil. She gives them the same amount of water. She puts one of these plants near a sunny window and the other in a dark room. This experiment tests how the plants respond to

light

air

water

soil

A

1,953

MSA_2012_5_31

Humans need food to grow and survive. Food that is not used immediately by the body for energy is

stored for future use

converted to water for energy

used to remove wastes from cells

transformed into oxygen for survival

A

1,954

Mercury_7210998

What structure surrounds the cell and regulates materials that enter and leave the cell?

nucleus

chloroplast

mitochondrion

cell membrane

D

1,955

Mercury_7085208

In order for boulders to become sediments, the boulders must first be

heated and melted.

weathered and eroded.

recrystallized.

buried.

B

1,956

Mercury_SC_LBS10067

During which stage of an insect's life cycle does the female lay eggs?

nymph

larva

pupa

adult

D

1,957

Mercury_7263340

When a dog smells food and begins drooling, it is responding to an external stimulus. Which of these describes a response to an internal stimulus?

A cat sees a mouse and crouches.

A parrot hears a name and repeats it.

A person eats spoiled food and vomits.

A worm senses water and moves to the surface.

C

1,958

NAEP_2009_4_S11+16

Which is an example of melting?

Flowing water making a rock smooth

A carrot becoming soft when cooked

Sugar mixed into tea making the tea sweet

Butter changing into liquid in a warm pan

D

1,959

Mercury_SC_405506

Students perform an investigation designed to measure the daily growth of a bean plant. Which should the students do every day of this investigation?

record data

form hypothesis

form conclusion

define variables

A

1,960

TAKS_2009_5_5

Ice cream in a bowl changed from solid to liquid in a few minutes. Which of the following most likely caused this change?

Bacteria grew in the ice cream.

Heat was added to the ice cream.

Water evaporated from the ice cream.

Frozen berries were sprinkled on the ice cream.

B

1,961

Mercury_7043103

The change in the use of one model of the solar system to the use of another model resulted in major changes in science and society. Which two scientists produced the earlier and later models, respectively?

Hooke and Mendel

Newton and Galileo

Aristotle and Einstein

Ptolemy and Copernicus

D

1,962

Mercury_401407

An atom with a +1 charge has

lost a proton.

lost an electron.

gained a proton.

gained an electron.

B

1,963

NCEOGA_2013_5_12

Which is an example of a single-celled organism?

amoeba

insect

fish

worm

A

1,964

Mercury_7014298

The Great Ocean Conveyer ocean current system runs north through the Atlantic from the equatorial region. If this current got disrupted, North American and European climates would become

rainier.

colder.

windier.

more humid.

B

1,965

Mercury_7109218

Which region of the Milky Way contains a population that consists mostly of old stars?

the halo

the spiral arms

the nuclear bulge

the open clusters

A

1,966

Mercury_7069563

When a switch to a ceiling fan is turned on, electrical energy is being transformed into

atomic energy.

potential energy.

chemical energy.

mechanical energy.

D

1,967

Mercury_186375

An agricultural scientist, George Washington Carver, is most famous for his research on

tobacco.

peanuts.

mold.

corn.

B

1,968

Mercury_SC_401268

A student pours a clear liquid from a test tube into a beaker with a clear liquid already in it and notices that the mixture turns pink. The student infers the two clear liquids are different. This inference is a result of

class discussion.

previous knowledge.

temperature changes.

student observations.

D

1,969

Mercury_7250145

In what leaf structure is photosynthetic tissue found?

cuticle

upper epidermis

mesophyll

vascular bundle

C

1,970

Mercury_7269133

The crude oil extracted today was formed millions of years ago from the fossilized remains of algae and other tiny marine organisms. Most parts of the organisms decomposed soon after they died. Which biomolecules decomposed more slowly and became the basis of crude oil?

proteins

carbohydrates

fatty acids

nucleic acids

C

1,971

NYSEDREGENTS_2004_4_19

Temperatures below freezing are expected overnight. What might be done to protect plants growing outside?

trim the leaves

weed them

cover them

give them plant food

C

1,972

Mercury_7014018

Prolonged exercise stimulates muscle cells to absorb sugar from the blood. This mechanism reduces stress placed on the body by signaling the body to produce

insulin.

lipids.

hemoglobin.

hydrochloric acid.

A

1,973

Mercury_184118

Which geologic feature is evidence that the North American plate once collided with the Eurasian and African plates?

the Appalachian Mountains

the Mohave Desert

the Mississippi River

the Great Lakes

A

1,974

NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_28

During an experiment, a student reports that a liquid turned green when mixed with another liquid. This is an example of

a measurement

a prediction

an explanation

an observation

D

1,975

Mercury_7008628

Which of the following causes a chemical change?

sugar added to soda

detergent added to water

lemon juice added to milk

salt added to water

C

1,976

ACTAAP_2012_7_1

Which human organ system exchanges gases with the environment?

endocrine

circulatory

respiratory

integumentary

C

1,977

Mercury_7211383

Improvements in geological observation technologies have made it easier for scientists to locate resources in Earth's crust. These technologies have allowed for an increase in availability of which resource?

wind power

solar energy

fossil fuel

tidal energy

C

1,978

MCAS_2016_8_5

An engineer constructs a prototype from wood. Which of the following is the best tool for the engineer to use to make the prototype's surface smooth?

band saw

chisel

drill

sandpaper

D

1,979

Mercury_SC_405078

If left in the sunshine, water in an open jar will

evaporate.

condense.

freeze.

melt.

A

1,980

MCAS_2012_5_23630

In some locations, squirrels sleep for long periods of time during the winter months. Which of the following most likely causes these squirrels to sleep for long periods of time?

increase in humidity

decrease in temperature

clouds forming in the sky

winds blowing in the night

B