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more specifically we define dedicated options for longitudinal and lateral manoeuvres with embedded
safety
collision avoidance
more specifically we define dedicated options for longitudinal and lateral manoeuvres with embedded safety and comfort constraints
many domains of human intellectual labour have to adapt to the new ai tools that give
humans
human-ai interaction
many domains of human intellectual labour have to adapt to the new ai tools that give humans new functionality and opportunity but also question the viability and necessity of some human work that used to be considered intellectual yet has now become an easily automatable commodity
three-state coevolutionary game dynamics with
environmental
evolutionary game
three-state coevolutionary game dynamics with environmental feedback
leveraging a recently proposed vision-based low-resource dl framework we develop a novel lightweight convolutional neural
network
deep network
leveraging a recently proposed vision-based low-resource dl framework we develop a novel lightweight convolutional neural network cnn -based model designed to predict coastal flooding under variable slr projections and shoreline adaptation scenarios
the results show that the vari-linear network model maintains high fitting accuracy across multiple
real-world
network structures
the results show that the vari-linear network model maintains high fitting accuracy across multiple real-world networks of varying types and scales
using a brain encoder as a digital twin offers a powerful data-driven framework for generating and testing hypotheses about visual selectivity in the human brain - hypotheses that can guide future
fmri
brain activity
using a brain encoder as a digital twin offers a powerful data-driven framework for generating and testing hypotheses about visual selectivity in the human brain - hypotheses that can guide future fmri experiments
we formulate a network latency minimization problem to joint optimize uplink pass
beamforming
beamforming design
we formulate a network latency minimization problem to joint optimize uplink pass beamforming and task offloading
recent work has shown that different large language models llms converge to similar and accurate input embedding
representations
representation learning
recent work has shown that different large language models llms converge to similar and accurate input embedding representations for numbers
pattern-avoiding permutations are a central
object
pattern matching
pattern-avoiding permutations are a central object of study in both combinatorics and theoretical computer science
this dwarf galaxy interaction may have provoked the m61 starburst and foreshadows the bounty of accretion features expected in the ten-year
rubin
milky way
this dwarf galaxy interaction may have provoked the m61 starburst and foreshadows the bounty of accretion features expected in the ten-year rubin legacy survey of space and time lsst
this further inspires a practical method that uses variational inference to recover these variables and leverages them to train
reward
reinforcement learning
this further inspires a practical method that uses variational inference to recover these variables and leverages them to train reward models
more importantly the thinking structure in this protocol can be further optimized through
reinforcement
reinforcement learning
more importantly the thinking structure in this protocol can be further optimized through reinforcement learning
simulation studies demonstrate the finite-sample performance of the
proposed
simulation studies
simulation studies demonstrate the finite-sample performance of the proposed method and two empirical applications illustrate its practical utility
roboos-next a unified memory-based framework for lifelong scalable and robust
multi-robot
mobile robots
roboos-next a unified memory-based framework for lifelong scalable and robust multi-robot collaboration
we introduce the online two-stage submodular maximization o2ssm problem in which the
submodular
submodular maximization
we introduce the online two-stage submodular maximization o2ssm problem in which the submodular objectives are revealed in an online fashion
these findings enable optimized laser-plasma interactions for applications including diagnostics of laser-cluster interaction and energetic ion production from engineered core-shell targets highlighting the critical role of
temporal
pulsed laser
these findings enable optimized laser-plasma interactions for applications including diagnostics of laser-cluster interaction and energetic ion production from engineered core-shell targets highlighting the critical role of temporal dynamics in nanoplasma resonances
test-time alignment of large language models llms attracts attention because fine-tuning
llms
test-time alignment
test-time alignment of large language models llms attracts attention because fine-tuning llms requires high computational costs
this paper is a stepping stone for a broader community effort toward systematic
context
context engineering
this paper is a stepping stone for a broader community effort toward systematic context engineering in ai systems
although the minimax risk in expectation is well understood its
high-probability
minimax risk
although the minimax risk in expectation is well understood its high-probability counterpart remains largely unexplored
spiking neural networks snns represent a promising algorithmic approach for these systems yet their application to complex control tasks faces two critical challenges 1 the non-differentiable nature of
spiking
spiking patches
spiking neural networks snns represent a promising algorithmic approach for these systems yet their application to complex control tasks faces two critical challenges 1 the non-differentiable nature of spiking neurons necessitates surrogate gradients with unclear optimization properties and 2 the stateful dynamics of s...
stochastic optimization in semi-discrete optimal transport convergence analysis and
minimax
minimax optimal
stochastic optimization in semi-discrete optimal transport convergence analysis and minimax rate
slideagent employs specialized agents and decomposes reasoning into three specialized levels-global page and element-to construct a
structured
reasoning tasks
slideagent employs specialized agents and decomposes reasoning into three specialized levels-global page and element-to construct a structured query-agnostic representation that captures both overarching themes and detailed visual or textual cues
to investigate the possible reasons behind the depolarization we carry out analytical and full polarized radiative
transfer
radiative transfer
to investigate the possible reasons behind the depolarization we carry out analytical and full polarized radiative transfer prt calculations of radio point sources behind a merging galaxy cluster simulated using the flash code
this research presents a novel racing and overtaking agent capable of
learning
learning agents
this research presents a novel racing and overtaking agent capable of learning to reliably navigate a track and overtake opponents in both simulation and reality
however in recent years with the rise of generative ai especially large language
models
generative ai
however in recent years with the rise of generative ai especially large language models llm and particularly with the widespread popularity of the chatgpt model that concern became practical
here we introduce a methodology to probe the internal geometry of
vision-language
higher-order visual
here we introduce a methodology to probe the internal geometry of vision-language models vlms by having them generate pairwise similarity judgments for a complex set of natural objects
the agent learns to ask when uncertain and the
human
human feedback
the agent learns to ask when uncertain and the human learns when to oversee leading to an emergent collaboration that avoids safety violations introduced post-training
the conclusion reflects on the consequences of this form of social invisibility of ai for situated engagement with ai by everyday publics in the
street
everyday publics
the conclusion reflects on the consequences of this form of social invisibility of ai for situated engagement with ai by everyday publics in the street and for public trust in urban governance
a critical visual computation is to construct global scene
properties
human cognition
a critical visual computation is to construct global scene properties from activities of early visual cortical neurons which have small receptive fields
probabilistic growth and vari-linear preferential attachment in
random
complex networks
probabilistic growth and vari-linear preferential attachment in random networks
in this environment second-order minimizing methods such as the conjugate gradient cg give a guaranteed
superlinear
superlinear convergence
in this environment second-order minimizing methods such as the conjugate gradient cg give a guaranteed superlinear convergence
trainium an ai accelerator recently developed by amazon web services aws provides an attractive option for llm training and
inference
llm post-training
trainium an ai accelerator recently developed by amazon web services aws provides an attractive option for llm training and inference through its heterogeneous architecture
while large language models llms have demonstrated remarkable performance across various reasoning tasks their ability to handle normative
reasoning
models llms
while large language models llms have demonstrated remarkable performance across various reasoning tasks their ability to handle normative reasoning remains underexplored
a targeted radio survey of infrared-selected
bow
bow shock
a targeted radio survey of infrared-selected bow shock candidates
in this paper we formalize this challenge as the
textbf
reinforcement learning rl
in this paper we formalize this challenge as the textbf reward density optimization problem which aims to improve the reward obtained per unit of exploration cost
empirical phylogenies typically show intermediate
imbalance
phylogenetic diversity
empirical phylogenies typically show intermediate imbalance falling between perfectly balanced and highly skewed trees
we theoretically analyze the feasibility of entanglement-based quantum key distribution qkd protocols considering widely used spontaneous parametric down-conversion spdc and novel
quantum
quantum dot
we theoretically analyze the feasibility of entanglement-based quantum key distribution qkd protocols considering widely used spontaneous parametric down-conversion spdc and novel quantum dot qd sources
deadlines are critical in this context as trucks must depart within specific
time
time delays
deadlines are critical in this context as trucks must depart within specific time windows to meet delivery requirements and avoid penalties
the architecture unifies prigogine s dissipative structures friston s free energy minimization and hopfield s
attractor
dynamical systems
the architecture unifies prigogine s dissipative structures friston s free energy minimization and hopfield s attractor dynamics demonstrating that exact hierarchical inference over network topology can be implemented with local biologically plausible rules
an understanding of the assembly history of the complex star cluster omega centauri has long been sought after with many studies separating the
stars
galactic nuclei
an understanding of the assembly history of the complex star cluster omega centauri has long been sought after with many studies separating the stars on the color-magnitude diagram into multiple groupings across small magnitude ranges
in the human brain the allowed patterns of activity are constrained by the
correlations
brain activity
in the human brain the allowed patterns of activity are constrained by the correlations between brain regions
we show that for every learning algorithm there exists an auxiliary
algorithm
learning algorithm
we show that for every learning algorithm there exists an auxiliary algorithm that does not memorize and which yields comparable generalization error for any data distribution
fieldgen from teleoperated pre-manipulation trajectories to field-guided
data
generative ai
fieldgen from teleoperated pre-manipulation trajectories to field-guided data generation
in contrast to the existing approaches we regard classification
training
continual learning
in contrast to the existing approaches we regard classification training as a sequential process where classes are learned sequentially which we call emph inductive approach
this tension points to the need for a more systematic study of how number influences
collective
collective systems
this tension points to the need for a more systematic study of how number influences collective behavior
experimental verification is scarce however especially in the telecom range because real
photonic
optical communication
experimental verification is scarce however especially in the telecom range because real photonic crystals and experimental methods inherently cannot be homogeneous in the third dimension
stopping rules for monte carlo methods of martingale
difference
monte carlo
stopping rules for monte carlo methods of martingale difference type
stakeholders generally perceive climate change impacts on ecosystem services as negative with natural habitat destruction and
biodiversity
environmental change
stakeholders generally perceive climate change impacts on ecosystem services as negative with natural habitat destruction and biodiversity loss identified as top issues
yet benchmark scores alone provide at best measurements of model
performance
predictive performance
yet benchmark scores alone provide at best measurements of model performance relative to an evaluation dataset and a concrete learning problem
in addition to detailing the system we also share the empirical mode transfer matrices enabling future work in astrophotonic design computational
imaging
nonlinear optical
in addition to detailing the system we also share the empirical mode transfer matrices enabling future work in astrophotonic design computational imaging device fabrication feedback loops and beam shaping
this article proposes a modular optimal control framework for local three-dimensional ellipsoidal obstacle
avoidance
collision avoidance
this article proposes a modular optimal control framework for local three-dimensional ellipsoidal obstacle avoidance exemplarily applied to model predictive path-following control
the mechanisms enabling such generalization remain poorly understood despite their importance to predict ecological robustness drug resistance or design future-proof
vaccination
adaptive immune
the mechanisms enabling such generalization remain poorly understood despite their importance to predict ecological robustness drug resistance or design future-proof vaccination strategies
next we propose a novel training approach that leverages a privileged guiding policy to bootstrap the learning process while still exploiting online environment interactions with the
spiking
spiking patches
next we propose a novel training approach that leverages a privileged guiding policy to bootstrap the learning process while still exploiting online environment interactions with the spiking policy
parallel 1 ε -approximate multi-commodity mincost
flow
maximum flow
parallel 1 ε -approximate multi-commodity mincost flow in almost optimal depth and work
after proving some properties of optimal solutions of the convex relaxation we exploit them to develop a dynamic
programming
dynamic programming
after proving some properties of optimal solutions of the convex relaxation we exploit them to develop a dynamic programming approach returning an approximate solution to the convex relaxation and with time complexity o n 2 where n is the number of points into which the continuous path is discretized
temporal analysis revealed sentiment shifts across
time
temporal semantics
temporal analysis revealed sentiment shifts across time while named entity recognition ner identified related terms and themes
our results show that atlas performs strongly in logical
reasoning
reasoning curriculum
our results show that atlas performs strongly in logical reasoning tasks like sudoku completing puzzles significantly faster than human baselines but struggles substantially in real-time games requiring precise timing and motor control often failing to progress beyond initial obstacles
since the bias-correction term h_0 is essential for
ate
bias-correction term
since the bias-correction term h_0 is essential for ate estimation this direct approach is expected to improve estimation accuracy for the ate
the dynamics exhibit periodic oscillations between two maximally stretched
states
quantum walk
the dynamics exhibit periodic oscillations between two maximally stretched states irrespective of how large the spin is
the method employs local linear regression with data-driven bandwidth selection to flexibly estimate spatial
decay
spatial decay
the method employs local linear regression with data-driven bandwidth selection to flexibly estimate spatial decay patterns and detect treatment effect boundaries
we hope our findings could inspire more efforts on re-examining redllm unlocking its
potential
llm post-training
we hope our findings could inspire more efforts on re-examining redllm unlocking its potential for developing powerful and efficient llms
we implement the how system as an rnn whose
low-rank
recurrent neural networks
we implement the how system as an rnn whose low-rank components are composed according to the context inferred by the what system
vision-language-action vla models have significantly advanced robotic manipulation by integrating
vision-language
vision-language-action vla
vision-language-action vla models have significantly advanced robotic manipulation by integrating vision-language models vlms and action decoders into a unified architecture
to address these limitations we propose adaptive vmc with large language model llm - and lyapunov-based
reinforcement
deep reinforcement learning
to address these limitations we propose adaptive vmc with large language model llm - and lyapunov-based reinforcement learning rl which preserves the physical interpretability of vmc while supporting stability-guaranteed online adaptation
a popular opinion is that much of the contextual influences arise from feedback from higher visual areas whose
neurons
neural representations
a popular opinion is that much of the contextual influences arise from feedback from higher visual areas whose neurons have larger receptive fields
we introduce angular steering a novel and flexible method for
behavior
angular steering
we introduce angular steering a novel and flexible method for behavior modulation that operates by rotating activations within a fixed two-dimensional subspace
this study proves that nearest neighbor nn matching can be interpreted as an instance of
riesz
riesz regression
this study proves that nearest neighbor nn matching can be interpreted as an instance of riesz regression for automatic debiased machine learning
analysis of entire programs as a single unit or whole-program analysis involves propagation of large amounts of
information
integer programs
analysis of entire programs as a single unit or whole-program analysis involves propagation of large amounts of information through the control flow of the program
we use this setup to image megahertz frequency resonant
mode
waveguide modes
we use this setup to image megahertz frequency resonant mode profiles present in a valley-hall topological triangular cavity over an area of more than 20 mm2
soft vine-inspired growing robots that move by eversion are highly
mobile
mobile robots
soft vine-inspired growing robots that move by eversion are highly mobile in confined environments but when faced with gaps in the environment they may collapse under their own weight while navigating a desired path
comparative measurements using a single-wavelength optical-carrier configuration clearly revealed the superior signal-to-noise
performance
optical interference
comparative measurements using a single-wavelength optical-carrier configuration clearly revealed the superior signal-to-noise performance of the dual-wavelength scheme
pulse-level quantum programs can be fully described with only three low-level abstractions ports input output
channels
fault-tolerant quantum
pulse-level quantum programs can be fully described with only three low-level abstractions ports input output channels frames reference signals and waveforms pulse envelopes
our results show that the interplay of social
influence
opinion dynamics
our results show that the interplay of social influence independence and option preference generates discontinuous phase transitions and irreversible hysteresis reflecting path-dependent adoption dynamics
one of the most radical shifts is the rejection of the sandwich model of
cognition
working memory
one of the most radical shifts is the rejection of the sandwich model of cognition which holds that mental processes are located be- tween action and perception
cruise overcomes key scalability limitations by synergistically combining a progressive difficulty curriculum with an efficient
self-play
deep reinforcement
cruise overcomes key scalability limitations by synergistically combining a progressive difficulty curriculum with an efficient self-play mechanism to foster robust competitive behaviors
ofdm is widely adopted in modern wireless
communication
wireless communication
ofdm is widely adopted in modern wireless communication systems but its power efficiency is limited by high envelope fluctuations
importantly although our approach relies on regression our design-based framework allows for misspecification of the
regression
linear regression
importantly although our approach relies on regression our design-based framework allows for misspecification of the regression model
large language model-based agents show promise for
software
software engineering
large language model-based agents show promise for software engineering but environment configuration remains a bottleneck due to heavy manual effort and scarce large-scale high-quality datasets
our approach uses topological data analysis to extract toroidal coordinates from
grid
grid cell
our approach uses topological data analysis to extract toroidal coordinates from grid cell population activity and employs path-lifting to reconstruct trajectories in physical space
a popular opinion is that much of the contextual influences arise from feedback from higher visual
areas
fmri data
a popular opinion is that much of the contextual influences arise from feedback from higher visual areas whose neurons have larger receptive fields
optimizing next generation wireless ban with prioritized access for
heterogeneous
heterogeneous traffic
optimizing next generation wireless ban with prioritized access for heterogeneous traffic
towards that direction this paper studies the performance of time
series
time series classification
towards that direction this paper studies the performance of time series classification methods used as model selection for anomaly detection
we further identify that compressive strain enhances the density of states near the fermi level resulting in a
fermi
fermi level
we further identify that compressive strain enhances the density of states near the fermi level resulting in a fermi surface instability and the emergence of altermagnetism
here we generalize the model to multilayer networks and name it as the
multilayer
multiplex networks
here we generalize the model to multilayer networks and name it as the multilayer triadic percolation mtp model
at high pressures nuclear quantum effects involving both hydrogen molecules and the water lattice become dominant giving rise to a dual-lattice
quantum
quantum technologies
at high pressures nuclear quantum effects involving both hydrogen molecules and the water lattice become dominant giving rise to a dual-lattice quantum system
based on their spatial distribution we performed radiative
transfer
radiative transfer
based on their spatial distribution we performed radiative transfer calculations to obtain the synchrotron spectra
unravelling the mechanisms of manipulating numbers in
language
large language
unravelling the mechanisms of manipulating numbers in language models
third we uncover a fundamental persuasion asymmetry where shifting an
opinion
opinion dynamics
third we uncover a fundamental persuasion asymmetry where shifting an opinion from affirmative-to-negative requires a different cognitive effort than the reverse
we also provide a novel static and dynamic decomposition achieving an o k log n -approximation when the
tree
tree embedding
we also provide a novel static and dynamic decomposition achieving an o k log n -approximation when the tree edit distance is at most k
results demonstrate effective trajectory tracking and real-time state estimation highlighting the
platform
trajectory tracking
results demonstrate effective trajectory tracking and real-time state estimation highlighting the platform s potential as a cost effective and versatile tool for advanced research and educational applications
stage 1 performs a brief cold start and then math-only
rl
reinforcement learning rl
stage 1 performs a brief cold start and then math-only rl with verifiable rewards to develop reasoning skills
quantifying locational carbon emissions in power grids is crucial for implementing effective
carbon
carbon emissions
quantifying locational carbon emissions in power grids is crucial for implementing effective carbon reduction strategies for customers relying on electricity
however explicit ab initio calculations are often
computationally
first-principles calculations
however explicit ab initio calculations are often computationally prohibitive especially if large system sizes and long simulation time scales are required
we infer that on average 1 out of 100 memory
b
adaptive immune
we infer that on average 1 out of 100 memory b cells differentiates into a plasmablast each year more than expected from purely antigen-stimulated differentiation and that plasmablast clones degrade with a half-life of about one year in the absence of memory imports
we develop an efficient algorithm to solve this
bilevel
quadratic programming
we develop an efficient algorithm to solve this bilevel optimization problem which computes parameter gradients without backpropagating through the solver
the code and synthetic dataset are available on
https
synthetic data
the code and synthetic dataset are available on https github
furthermore we also characterize quantum channels according to their ability in preserving quantum
resources
quantum channels
furthermore we also characterize quantum channels according to their ability in preserving quantum resources i
in this work we address this main shortcoming by introducing a
local
local calibration
in this work we address this main shortcoming by introducing a local perspective on multiclass calibration
detecting the use of generative ai in crowdsourced surveys implications for
data
generative ai
detecting the use of generative ai in crowdsourced surveys implications for data integrity
our approach harnesses non-hermitian physics by precisely modulating the loss differential among coupled modes alongside their resonant frequencies thereby steering the system to an exceptional point
ep
coupling regimes
our approach harnesses non-hermitian physics by precisely modulating the loss differential among coupled modes alongside their resonant frequencies thereby steering the system to an exceptional point ep characterized by emergent phenomena and enhanced perturbation sensitivity