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more specifically we define dedicated options for longitudinal and lateral manoeuvres with embedded | safety | collision avoidance | more specifically we define dedicated options for longitudinal and lateral manoeuvres with embedded safety and comfort constraints |
many domains of human intellectual labour have to adapt to the new ai tools that give | humans | human-ai interaction | many domains of human intellectual labour have to adapt to the new ai tools that give humans new functionality and opportunity but also question the viability and necessity of some human work that used to be considered intellectual yet has now become an easily automatable commodity |
three-state coevolutionary game dynamics with | environmental | evolutionary game | three-state coevolutionary game dynamics with environmental feedback |
leveraging a recently proposed vision-based low-resource dl framework we develop a novel lightweight convolutional neural | network | deep network | leveraging a recently proposed vision-based low-resource dl framework we develop a novel lightweight convolutional neural network cnn -based model designed to predict coastal flooding under variable slr projections and shoreline adaptation scenarios |
the results show that the vari-linear network model maintains high fitting accuracy across multiple | real-world | network structures | the results show that the vari-linear network model maintains high fitting accuracy across multiple real-world networks of varying types and scales |
using a brain encoder as a digital twin offers a powerful data-driven framework for generating and testing hypotheses about visual selectivity in the human brain - hypotheses that can guide future | fmri | brain activity | using a brain encoder as a digital twin offers a powerful data-driven framework for generating and testing hypotheses about visual selectivity in the human brain - hypotheses that can guide future fmri experiments |
we formulate a network latency minimization problem to joint optimize uplink pass | beamforming | beamforming design | we formulate a network latency minimization problem to joint optimize uplink pass beamforming and task offloading |
recent work has shown that different large language models llms converge to similar and accurate input embedding | representations | representation learning | recent work has shown that different large language models llms converge to similar and accurate input embedding representations for numbers |
pattern-avoiding permutations are a central | object | pattern matching | pattern-avoiding permutations are a central object of study in both combinatorics and theoretical computer science |
this dwarf galaxy interaction may have provoked the m61 starburst and foreshadows the bounty of accretion features expected in the ten-year | rubin | milky way | this dwarf galaxy interaction may have provoked the m61 starburst and foreshadows the bounty of accretion features expected in the ten-year rubin legacy survey of space and time lsst |
this further inspires a practical method that uses variational inference to recover these variables and leverages them to train | reward | reinforcement learning | this further inspires a practical method that uses variational inference to recover these variables and leverages them to train reward models |
more importantly the thinking structure in this protocol can be further optimized through | reinforcement | reinforcement learning | more importantly the thinking structure in this protocol can be further optimized through reinforcement learning |
simulation studies demonstrate the finite-sample performance of the | proposed | simulation studies | simulation studies demonstrate the finite-sample performance of the proposed method and two empirical applications illustrate its practical utility |
roboos-next a unified memory-based framework for lifelong scalable and robust | multi-robot | mobile robots | roboos-next a unified memory-based framework for lifelong scalable and robust multi-robot collaboration |
we introduce the online two-stage submodular maximization o2ssm problem in which the | submodular | submodular maximization | we introduce the online two-stage submodular maximization o2ssm problem in which the submodular objectives are revealed in an online fashion |
these findings enable optimized laser-plasma interactions for applications including diagnostics of laser-cluster interaction and energetic ion production from engineered core-shell targets highlighting the critical role of | temporal | pulsed laser | these findings enable optimized laser-plasma interactions for applications including diagnostics of laser-cluster interaction and energetic ion production from engineered core-shell targets highlighting the critical role of temporal dynamics in nanoplasma resonances |
test-time alignment of large language models llms attracts attention because fine-tuning | llms | test-time alignment | test-time alignment of large language models llms attracts attention because fine-tuning llms requires high computational costs |
this paper is a stepping stone for a broader community effort toward systematic | context | context engineering | this paper is a stepping stone for a broader community effort toward systematic context engineering in ai systems |
although the minimax risk in expectation is well understood its | high-probability | minimax risk | although the minimax risk in expectation is well understood its high-probability counterpart remains largely unexplored |
spiking neural networks snns represent a promising algorithmic approach for these systems yet their application to complex control tasks faces two critical challenges 1 the non-differentiable nature of | spiking | spiking patches | spiking neural networks snns represent a promising algorithmic approach for these systems yet their application to complex control tasks faces two critical challenges 1 the non-differentiable nature of spiking neurons necessitates surrogate gradients with unclear optimization properties and 2 the stateful dynamics of s... |
stochastic optimization in semi-discrete optimal transport convergence analysis and | minimax | minimax optimal | stochastic optimization in semi-discrete optimal transport convergence analysis and minimax rate |
slideagent employs specialized agents and decomposes reasoning into three specialized levels-global page and element-to construct a | structured | reasoning tasks | slideagent employs specialized agents and decomposes reasoning into three specialized levels-global page and element-to construct a structured query-agnostic representation that captures both overarching themes and detailed visual or textual cues |
to investigate the possible reasons behind the depolarization we carry out analytical and full polarized radiative | transfer | radiative transfer | to investigate the possible reasons behind the depolarization we carry out analytical and full polarized radiative transfer prt calculations of radio point sources behind a merging galaxy cluster simulated using the flash code |
this research presents a novel racing and overtaking agent capable of | learning | learning agents | this research presents a novel racing and overtaking agent capable of learning to reliably navigate a track and overtake opponents in both simulation and reality |
however in recent years with the rise of generative ai especially large language | models | generative ai | however in recent years with the rise of generative ai especially large language models llm and particularly with the widespread popularity of the chatgpt model that concern became practical |
here we introduce a methodology to probe the internal geometry of | vision-language | higher-order visual | here we introduce a methodology to probe the internal geometry of vision-language models vlms by having them generate pairwise similarity judgments for a complex set of natural objects |
the agent learns to ask when uncertain and the | human | human feedback | the agent learns to ask when uncertain and the human learns when to oversee leading to an emergent collaboration that avoids safety violations introduced post-training |
the conclusion reflects on the consequences of this form of social invisibility of ai for situated engagement with ai by everyday publics in the | street | everyday publics | the conclusion reflects on the consequences of this form of social invisibility of ai for situated engagement with ai by everyday publics in the street and for public trust in urban governance |
a critical visual computation is to construct global scene | properties | human cognition | a critical visual computation is to construct global scene properties from activities of early visual cortical neurons which have small receptive fields |
probabilistic growth and vari-linear preferential attachment in | random | complex networks | probabilistic growth and vari-linear preferential attachment in random networks |
in this environment second-order minimizing methods such as the conjugate gradient cg give a guaranteed | superlinear | superlinear convergence | in this environment second-order minimizing methods such as the conjugate gradient cg give a guaranteed superlinear convergence |
trainium an ai accelerator recently developed by amazon web services aws provides an attractive option for llm training and | inference | llm post-training | trainium an ai accelerator recently developed by amazon web services aws provides an attractive option for llm training and inference through its heterogeneous architecture |
while large language models llms have demonstrated remarkable performance across various reasoning tasks their ability to handle normative | reasoning | models llms | while large language models llms have demonstrated remarkable performance across various reasoning tasks their ability to handle normative reasoning remains underexplored |
a targeted radio survey of infrared-selected | bow | bow shock | a targeted radio survey of infrared-selected bow shock candidates |
in this paper we formalize this challenge as the | textbf | reinforcement learning rl | in this paper we formalize this challenge as the textbf reward density optimization problem which aims to improve the reward obtained per unit of exploration cost |
empirical phylogenies typically show intermediate | imbalance | phylogenetic diversity | empirical phylogenies typically show intermediate imbalance falling between perfectly balanced and highly skewed trees |
we theoretically analyze the feasibility of entanglement-based quantum key distribution qkd protocols considering widely used spontaneous parametric down-conversion spdc and novel | quantum | quantum dot | we theoretically analyze the feasibility of entanglement-based quantum key distribution qkd protocols considering widely used spontaneous parametric down-conversion spdc and novel quantum dot qd sources |
deadlines are critical in this context as trucks must depart within specific | time | time delays | deadlines are critical in this context as trucks must depart within specific time windows to meet delivery requirements and avoid penalties |
the architecture unifies prigogine s dissipative structures friston s free energy minimization and hopfield s | attractor | dynamical systems | the architecture unifies prigogine s dissipative structures friston s free energy minimization and hopfield s attractor dynamics demonstrating that exact hierarchical inference over network topology can be implemented with local biologically plausible rules |
an understanding of the assembly history of the complex star cluster omega centauri has long been sought after with many studies separating the | stars | galactic nuclei | an understanding of the assembly history of the complex star cluster omega centauri has long been sought after with many studies separating the stars on the color-magnitude diagram into multiple groupings across small magnitude ranges |
in the human brain the allowed patterns of activity are constrained by the | correlations | brain activity | in the human brain the allowed patterns of activity are constrained by the correlations between brain regions |
we show that for every learning algorithm there exists an auxiliary | algorithm | learning algorithm | we show that for every learning algorithm there exists an auxiliary algorithm that does not memorize and which yields comparable generalization error for any data distribution |
fieldgen from teleoperated pre-manipulation trajectories to field-guided | data | generative ai | fieldgen from teleoperated pre-manipulation trajectories to field-guided data generation |
in contrast to the existing approaches we regard classification | training | continual learning | in contrast to the existing approaches we regard classification training as a sequential process where classes are learned sequentially which we call emph inductive approach |
this tension points to the need for a more systematic study of how number influences | collective | collective systems | this tension points to the need for a more systematic study of how number influences collective behavior |
experimental verification is scarce however especially in the telecom range because real | photonic | optical communication | experimental verification is scarce however especially in the telecom range because real photonic crystals and experimental methods inherently cannot be homogeneous in the third dimension |
stopping rules for monte carlo methods of martingale | difference | monte carlo | stopping rules for monte carlo methods of martingale difference type |
stakeholders generally perceive climate change impacts on ecosystem services as negative with natural habitat destruction and | biodiversity | environmental change | stakeholders generally perceive climate change impacts on ecosystem services as negative with natural habitat destruction and biodiversity loss identified as top issues |
yet benchmark scores alone provide at best measurements of model | performance | predictive performance | yet benchmark scores alone provide at best measurements of model performance relative to an evaluation dataset and a concrete learning problem |
in addition to detailing the system we also share the empirical mode transfer matrices enabling future work in astrophotonic design computational | imaging | nonlinear optical | in addition to detailing the system we also share the empirical mode transfer matrices enabling future work in astrophotonic design computational imaging device fabrication feedback loops and beam shaping |
this article proposes a modular optimal control framework for local three-dimensional ellipsoidal obstacle | avoidance | collision avoidance | this article proposes a modular optimal control framework for local three-dimensional ellipsoidal obstacle avoidance exemplarily applied to model predictive path-following control |
the mechanisms enabling such generalization remain poorly understood despite their importance to predict ecological robustness drug resistance or design future-proof | vaccination | adaptive immune | the mechanisms enabling such generalization remain poorly understood despite their importance to predict ecological robustness drug resistance or design future-proof vaccination strategies |
next we propose a novel training approach that leverages a privileged guiding policy to bootstrap the learning process while still exploiting online environment interactions with the | spiking | spiking patches | next we propose a novel training approach that leverages a privileged guiding policy to bootstrap the learning process while still exploiting online environment interactions with the spiking policy |
parallel 1 ε -approximate multi-commodity mincost | flow | maximum flow | parallel 1 ε -approximate multi-commodity mincost flow in almost optimal depth and work |
after proving some properties of optimal solutions of the convex relaxation we exploit them to develop a dynamic | programming | dynamic programming | after proving some properties of optimal solutions of the convex relaxation we exploit them to develop a dynamic programming approach returning an approximate solution to the convex relaxation and with time complexity o n 2 where n is the number of points into which the continuous path is discretized |
temporal analysis revealed sentiment shifts across | time | temporal semantics | temporal analysis revealed sentiment shifts across time while named entity recognition ner identified related terms and themes |
our results show that atlas performs strongly in logical | reasoning | reasoning curriculum | our results show that atlas performs strongly in logical reasoning tasks like sudoku completing puzzles significantly faster than human baselines but struggles substantially in real-time games requiring precise timing and motor control often failing to progress beyond initial obstacles |
since the bias-correction term h_0 is essential for | ate | bias-correction term | since the bias-correction term h_0 is essential for ate estimation this direct approach is expected to improve estimation accuracy for the ate |
the dynamics exhibit periodic oscillations between two maximally stretched | states | quantum walk | the dynamics exhibit periodic oscillations between two maximally stretched states irrespective of how large the spin is |
the method employs local linear regression with data-driven bandwidth selection to flexibly estimate spatial | decay | spatial decay | the method employs local linear regression with data-driven bandwidth selection to flexibly estimate spatial decay patterns and detect treatment effect boundaries |
we hope our findings could inspire more efforts on re-examining redllm unlocking its | potential | llm post-training | we hope our findings could inspire more efforts on re-examining redllm unlocking its potential for developing powerful and efficient llms |
we implement the how system as an rnn whose | low-rank | recurrent neural networks | we implement the how system as an rnn whose low-rank components are composed according to the context inferred by the what system |
vision-language-action vla models have significantly advanced robotic manipulation by integrating | vision-language | vision-language-action vla | vision-language-action vla models have significantly advanced robotic manipulation by integrating vision-language models vlms and action decoders into a unified architecture |
to address these limitations we propose adaptive vmc with large language model llm - and lyapunov-based | reinforcement | deep reinforcement learning | to address these limitations we propose adaptive vmc with large language model llm - and lyapunov-based reinforcement learning rl which preserves the physical interpretability of vmc while supporting stability-guaranteed online adaptation |
a popular opinion is that much of the contextual influences arise from feedback from higher visual areas whose | neurons | neural representations | a popular opinion is that much of the contextual influences arise from feedback from higher visual areas whose neurons have larger receptive fields |
we introduce angular steering a novel and flexible method for | behavior | angular steering | we introduce angular steering a novel and flexible method for behavior modulation that operates by rotating activations within a fixed two-dimensional subspace |
this study proves that nearest neighbor nn matching can be interpreted as an instance of | riesz | riesz regression | this study proves that nearest neighbor nn matching can be interpreted as an instance of riesz regression for automatic debiased machine learning |
analysis of entire programs as a single unit or whole-program analysis involves propagation of large amounts of | information | integer programs | analysis of entire programs as a single unit or whole-program analysis involves propagation of large amounts of information through the control flow of the program |
we use this setup to image megahertz frequency resonant | mode | waveguide modes | we use this setup to image megahertz frequency resonant mode profiles present in a valley-hall topological triangular cavity over an area of more than 20 mm2 |
soft vine-inspired growing robots that move by eversion are highly | mobile | mobile robots | soft vine-inspired growing robots that move by eversion are highly mobile in confined environments but when faced with gaps in the environment they may collapse under their own weight while navigating a desired path |
comparative measurements using a single-wavelength optical-carrier configuration clearly revealed the superior signal-to-noise | performance | optical interference | comparative measurements using a single-wavelength optical-carrier configuration clearly revealed the superior signal-to-noise performance of the dual-wavelength scheme |
pulse-level quantum programs can be fully described with only three low-level abstractions ports input output | channels | fault-tolerant quantum | pulse-level quantum programs can be fully described with only three low-level abstractions ports input output channels frames reference signals and waveforms pulse envelopes |
our results show that the interplay of social | influence | opinion dynamics | our results show that the interplay of social influence independence and option preference generates discontinuous phase transitions and irreversible hysteresis reflecting path-dependent adoption dynamics |
one of the most radical shifts is the rejection of the sandwich model of | cognition | working memory | one of the most radical shifts is the rejection of the sandwich model of cognition which holds that mental processes are located be- tween action and perception |
cruise overcomes key scalability limitations by synergistically combining a progressive difficulty curriculum with an efficient | self-play | deep reinforcement | cruise overcomes key scalability limitations by synergistically combining a progressive difficulty curriculum with an efficient self-play mechanism to foster robust competitive behaviors |
ofdm is widely adopted in modern wireless | communication | wireless communication | ofdm is widely adopted in modern wireless communication systems but its power efficiency is limited by high envelope fluctuations |
importantly although our approach relies on regression our design-based framework allows for misspecification of the | regression | linear regression | importantly although our approach relies on regression our design-based framework allows for misspecification of the regression model |
large language model-based agents show promise for | software | software engineering | large language model-based agents show promise for software engineering but environment configuration remains a bottleneck due to heavy manual effort and scarce large-scale high-quality datasets |
our approach uses topological data analysis to extract toroidal coordinates from | grid | grid cell | our approach uses topological data analysis to extract toroidal coordinates from grid cell population activity and employs path-lifting to reconstruct trajectories in physical space |
a popular opinion is that much of the contextual influences arise from feedback from higher visual | areas | fmri data | a popular opinion is that much of the contextual influences arise from feedback from higher visual areas whose neurons have larger receptive fields |
optimizing next generation wireless ban with prioritized access for | heterogeneous | heterogeneous traffic | optimizing next generation wireless ban with prioritized access for heterogeneous traffic |
towards that direction this paper studies the performance of time | series | time series classification | towards that direction this paper studies the performance of time series classification methods used as model selection for anomaly detection |
we further identify that compressive strain enhances the density of states near the fermi level resulting in a | fermi | fermi level | we further identify that compressive strain enhances the density of states near the fermi level resulting in a fermi surface instability and the emergence of altermagnetism |
here we generalize the model to multilayer networks and name it as the | multilayer | multiplex networks | here we generalize the model to multilayer networks and name it as the multilayer triadic percolation mtp model |
at high pressures nuclear quantum effects involving both hydrogen molecules and the water lattice become dominant giving rise to a dual-lattice | quantum | quantum technologies | at high pressures nuclear quantum effects involving both hydrogen molecules and the water lattice become dominant giving rise to a dual-lattice quantum system |
based on their spatial distribution we performed radiative | transfer | radiative transfer | based on their spatial distribution we performed radiative transfer calculations to obtain the synchrotron spectra |
unravelling the mechanisms of manipulating numbers in | language | large language | unravelling the mechanisms of manipulating numbers in language models |
third we uncover a fundamental persuasion asymmetry where shifting an | opinion | opinion dynamics | third we uncover a fundamental persuasion asymmetry where shifting an opinion from affirmative-to-negative requires a different cognitive effort than the reverse |
we also provide a novel static and dynamic decomposition achieving an o k log n -approximation when the | tree | tree embedding | we also provide a novel static and dynamic decomposition achieving an o k log n -approximation when the tree edit distance is at most k |
results demonstrate effective trajectory tracking and real-time state estimation highlighting the | platform | trajectory tracking | results demonstrate effective trajectory tracking and real-time state estimation highlighting the platform s potential as a cost effective and versatile tool for advanced research and educational applications |
stage 1 performs a brief cold start and then math-only | rl | reinforcement learning rl | stage 1 performs a brief cold start and then math-only rl with verifiable rewards to develop reasoning skills |
quantifying locational carbon emissions in power grids is crucial for implementing effective | carbon | carbon emissions | quantifying locational carbon emissions in power grids is crucial for implementing effective carbon reduction strategies for customers relying on electricity |
however explicit ab initio calculations are often | computationally | first-principles calculations | however explicit ab initio calculations are often computationally prohibitive especially if large system sizes and long simulation time scales are required |
we infer that on average 1 out of 100 memory | b | adaptive immune | we infer that on average 1 out of 100 memory b cells differentiates into a plasmablast each year more than expected from purely antigen-stimulated differentiation and that plasmablast clones degrade with a half-life of about one year in the absence of memory imports |
we develop an efficient algorithm to solve this | bilevel | quadratic programming | we develop an efficient algorithm to solve this bilevel optimization problem which computes parameter gradients without backpropagating through the solver |
the code and synthetic dataset are available on | https | synthetic data | the code and synthetic dataset are available on https github |
furthermore we also characterize quantum channels according to their ability in preserving quantum | resources | quantum channels | furthermore we also characterize quantum channels according to their ability in preserving quantum resources i |
in this work we address this main shortcoming by introducing a | local | local calibration | in this work we address this main shortcoming by introducing a local perspective on multiclass calibration |
detecting the use of generative ai in crowdsourced surveys implications for | data | generative ai | detecting the use of generative ai in crowdsourced surveys implications for data integrity |
our approach harnesses non-hermitian physics by precisely modulating the loss differential among coupled modes alongside their resonant frequencies thereby steering the system to an exceptional point | ep | coupling regimes | our approach harnesses non-hermitian physics by precisely modulating the loss differential among coupled modes alongside their resonant frequencies thereby steering the system to an exceptional point ep characterized by emergent phenomena and enhanced perturbation sensitivity |
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