prompt
stringlengths
41
511
target
stringlengths
1
25
keyword
stringclasses
697 values
full_sentence
stringlengths
48
1.25k
one major obstacle lies in methodological limitations most studies rely on non-invasive neural measures with limited spatial or temporal
resolution
temporal resolution
one major obstacle lies in methodological limitations most studies rely on non-invasive neural measures with limited spatial or temporal resolution making it difficult to disentangle proper nccs from concurrent cognitive processes
by bridging micro-level psychological processes with macro-level sociological phenomena slt extends qlm into the domain of complex social
systems
complex systems
by bridging micro-level psychological processes with macro-level sociological phenomena slt extends qlm into the domain of complex social systems offering a mathematically grounded paradigm for interpreting rapid transformations in contemporary societies
we focus on the efficiency of building tree
embedding
tree edit distance
we focus on the efficiency of building tree embedding in various computational settings under high-dimensional euclidean mathbb r d
based on a controlled user study of a proxy construction
task
task performance
based on a controlled user study of a proxy construction task n 20 we show that the performance-first strategy facilitated faster iterations and decision-making but also biased users towards well-performing proxies that are misaligned with the application goal
to model this process we employ a two-type branching process with state-dependent
growth
growth rates
to model this process we employ a two-type branching process with state-dependent growth rates
experimental results showed that compared to the baseline which prompts intermediate reasoning without presenting
pragmatic
pragmatic theories
experimental results showed that compared to the baseline which prompts intermediate reasoning without presenting pragmatic theories 0-shot chain-of-thought our methods enabled language models to achieve up to 9
constructing a quantum algorithm for this problem with a query complexity improving the upper
bound
quantum error correction
constructing a quantum algorithm for this problem with a query complexity improving the upper bound o n 7 4 is an open problem
however as typical to any quantum resource network
nonlocality
quantum walk
however as typical to any quantum resource network nonlocality is also vulnerable to environmental noise which sometimes prove to be detrimental
while challenges and critical gaps can be found in all of these approaches ai
ml
machine learning ml
while challenges and critical gaps can be found in all of these approaches ai ml efforts specifically remain in its infant stage for good reasons
assessing scenario coverage is crucial for evaluating the robustness of autonomous agents yet existing methods rely on expensive human annotations or computationally intensive large
vision-language
vision-language models
assessing scenario coverage is crucial for evaluating the robustness of autonomous agents yet existing methods rely on expensive human annotations or computationally intensive large vision-language models lvlms
critically robust learning requires the synaptic
plasticity
continual learning
critically robust learning requires the synaptic plasticity timescale to exceed the stimulus duration by one to two orders of magnitude
monte carlo simulations demonstrate excellent finite-sample
performance
monte carlo
monte carlo simulations demonstrate excellent finite-sample performance with boundary estimates achieving rmse below 10 in realistic configurations
self-improvement has emerged as a mainstream paradigm for advancing the reasoning
capabilities
language models
self-improvement has emerged as a mainstream paradigm for advancing the reasoning capabilities of large vision-language models lvlms where models explore and learn from successful trajectories iteratively
here we introduce a unified framework of constructing an ai-based
surrogate
surrogate brain
here we introduce a unified framework of constructing an ai-based surrogate brain that integrates forward modeling inverse problem solving and model evaluation
these representations must be processed by
appropriate
abstract representations
these representations must be processed by appropriate hardware
these limitations are particularly apparent in real-life driving scenarios where state-of-the-art algorithms struggle to safely or reliably complete
overtaking
wheel-to-wheel racing
these limitations are particularly apparent in real-life driving scenarios where state-of-the-art algorithms struggle to safely or reliably complete overtaking manoeuvres
we measure abundance ratios in 209 giant stars that are confirmed members of the smc providing the first extensive dataset of eu abundances in this galaxy across its full
metallicity
galactic nuclei
we measure abundance ratios in 209 giant stars that are confirmed members of the smc providing the first extensive dataset of eu abundances in this galaxy across its full metallicity range spanning more than 1
two-dimensional 2d materials offer large-area atomically flat surfaces suitable for massively parallel in-plane biomolecule
imaging
force microscopy
two-dimensional 2d materials offer large-area atomically flat surfaces suitable for massively parallel in-plane biomolecule imaging yet achieving guided motion in one-dimensional confinements using top-down nanofabrication remains challenging
smbhs are evolved following the stellar mass growth of their host galaxies by assigning an accretion rate at each
redshift
active galactic
smbhs are evolved following the stellar mass growth of their host galaxies by assigning an accretion rate at each redshift from the empirical eddington ratio distributions and duty cycles
machine learning approaches for image classification have led to
impressive
machine learning
machine learning approaches for image classification have led to impressive advances in that field
in network-based sis models of infectious
disease
disease transmission
in network-based sis models of infectious disease transmission infection can only occur between directly connected individuals
for specific graph classes the algorithm can be optimized to generate edge-exchange gray codes for spanning trees in constant amortized time per tree for complete bipartite graphs o n -amortized time per tree for fan graphs and o n -amortized time per
tree
spanning trees
for specific graph classes the algorithm can be optimized to generate edge-exchange gray codes for spanning trees in constant amortized time per tree for complete bipartite graphs o n -amortized time per tree for fan graphs and o n -amortized time per tree for wheel graphs all using o n 2 space
for the variant condition we enforce a robust decrease over a parameterized disturbance ball with nonzero probability and encode the
constraints
data-driven stabilization
for the variant condition we enforce a robust decrease over a parameterized disturbance ball with nonzero probability and encode the constraints via an s-procedure with polynomial multipliers
assessing scenario coverage is crucial for evaluating the robustness of autonomous agents yet
existing
real-world scenarios
assessing scenario coverage is crucial for evaluating the robustness of autonomous agents yet existing methods rely on expensive human annotations or computationally intensive large vision-language models lvlms
we also conduct a detailed analysis showing that our physlib can achieve an average
improvement
extensive experiments
we also conduct a detailed analysis showing that our physlib can achieve an average improvement of 11
these findings offer empirical insights for designing robust llm-based pipelines for extracting structured
representations
large language models llms
these findings offer empirical insights for designing robust llm-based pipelines for extracting structured representations from complex legal texts
sha-256 infused embedding-driven generative modeling of high-energy
molecules
molecular dynamics
sha-256 infused embedding-driven generative modeling of high-energy molecules in low-data regimes
finally we validate our theoretical results through simulations on
synthetic
real-world datasets
finally we validate our theoretical results through simulations on synthetic and real-world datasets
recent large language model llm research has undergone an architectural shift from encoder-decoder
modeling
language models
recent large language model llm research has undergone an architectural shift from encoder-decoder modeling to nowadays the dominant decoder-only modeling
certification and classification of linear quantum
error
quantum computing
certification and classification of linear quantum error mitigation methods
most practical mu algorithms are only approximate and their
performance
computational cost
most practical mu algorithms are only approximate and their performance can only be assessed empirically
large language models are influencing the education landscape with
students
language models
large language models are influencing the education landscape with students relying on them in their learning process
engineering van hove singularities vhss near the fermi level if feasible offers a powerful route to control exotic
quantum
quantum technologies
engineering van hove singularities vhss near the fermi level if feasible offers a powerful route to control exotic quantum phases in electronic and magnetic behaviors
particularly we design an additional control input using
reinforcement
deep reinforcement
particularly we design an additional control input using reinforcement learning rl to be applied to the vehicle powertrain along with the input commanded by the battery
multimodal large language models mllms exhibit a pronounced preference for textual inputs when processing vision-language
data
language models
multimodal large language models mllms exhibit a pronounced preference for textual inputs when processing vision-language data limiting their ability to reason effectively from visual evidence
however these models often lack transparency and explainability can be costly to fine-tune require substantial prompt engineering yield inconsistent results across
domains
world models
however these models often lack transparency and explainability can be costly to fine-tune require substantial prompt engineering yield inconsistent results across domains and impose significant adverse environmental impact due to their high computational demands
to further balance performance and automated effort we then develop a minimal intervention controller mic that retains acceptable
stability
data-driven stabilization
to further balance performance and automated effort we then develop a minimal intervention controller mic that retains acceptable stability while limiting automation
computer-using agents powered by vision-language
models
ai use
computer-using agents powered by vision-language models vlms have demonstrated human-like capabilities in operating digital environments like mobile platforms
reconfigurable intelligent surface ris technology has emerged as a key enabler for future
wireless
reconfigurable intelligent
reconfigurable intelligent surface ris technology has emerged as a key enabler for future wireless communications
momentum-resolved reflectivity of a 2d photonic
crystal
photonic devices
momentum-resolved reflectivity of a 2d photonic crystal in the near-infrared
potential old stellar populations may be necessary to account for the derived
metallicity
stellar population
potential old stellar populations may be necessary to account for the derived metallicity of sim0
to address these challenges we propose a spatial prior-guided cross dual
encoder
dual encoder
to address these challenges we propose a spatial prior-guided cross dual encoder network spg-cdenet a novel two-stage segmentation paradigm designed to improve multi-organ segmentation accuracy
motivated by the quadratic nature of self-attention we hypothesize that vits represent whether two patches belong to the same
object
visual stimuli
motivated by the quadratic nature of self-attention we hypothesize that vits represent whether two patches belong to the same object a property we term issameobject
clueweb-reco is a synthetic dataset derived from
real
data curation
clueweb-reco is a synthetic dataset derived from real user-consented and privacy-guaranteed browsing data
our simulations with fast transport mechanisms either diffusion or streaming are degenerate they each produce a lower gamma -ray luminosity than slow
transport
interstellar medium
our simulations with fast transport mechanisms either diffusion or streaming are degenerate they each produce a lower gamma -ray luminosity than slow transport simulations by two orders of magnitude
this means that the brain is highly compressible only a sparse network of
correlations
functional connectivity
this means that the brain is highly compressible only a sparse network of correlations is needed to predict large-scale activity
this paper presents cruise curriculum-based iterative self-play for scalable multi-drone racing a
reinforcement
reinforcement learning
this paper presents cruise curriculum-based iterative self-play for scalable multi-drone racing a reinforcement learning framework designed to solve this challenge in the demanding domain of multi-drone racing
with realistic system parameters such as cavity quality factor q 2 times10 5 and t center optical linewidth gamma 2 pi 100 mhz we calculate a single-shot
readout
qubit readout
with realistic system parameters such as cavity quality factor q 2 times10 5 and t center optical linewidth gamma 2 pi 100 mhz we calculate a single-shot readout fidelity exceeding 99 within 8
variational quantum algorithms vqas face an inherent trade-off between expressivity and trainability deeper circuits can represent richer
states
quantum networks
variational quantum algorithms vqas face an inherent trade-off between expressivity and trainability deeper circuits can represent richer states but suffer from noise accumulation and barren plateaus while shallow circuits remain trainable and implementable but lack expressive power
creating similar swarm intelligence in engineered
robots
multi-robot collaboration
creating similar swarm intelligence in engineered robots poses challenges to the design of collaborative algorithms that can be programmed at large scales
it yields a practical accuracy efficiency trade-off for
robot
obstacle avoidance
it yields a practical accuracy efficiency trade-off for robot policies
riesz regression covariate balancing dre and the matching estimator are methods for estimating the
balancing
covariate balancing
riesz regression covariate balancing dre and the matching estimator are methods for estimating the balancing weights where riesz regression is essentially equivalent to dre in the ate context the matching estimator is a special case of dre and dre is in a dual relationship with covariate balancing
the weighted surrogate cost function is then
minimized
cost function
the weighted surrogate cost function is then minimized using relative positions between robots
weighted food webs make computing phylogenetic
diversity
ecological communities
weighted food webs make computing phylogenetic diversity so much harder
unmanned aerial vehicles uavs are emerging as key enablers for low-altitude
wireless
wireless networks
unmanned aerial vehicles uavs are emerging as key enablers for low-altitude wireless network lawn particularly when terrestrial networks are unavailable
participants were assigned to receive directive metacognitive or hybrid ai-generated
feedback
directive metacognitive
participants were assigned to receive directive metacognitive or hybrid ai-generated feedback that blended elements of both directive and metacognitive feedback
we present a multi-wavelength analysis of 14 tidal disruption events tdes -including an off-nuclear event associated with an ultra-compact dwarf galaxy-selected for having available thermal
x-ray
galactic nuclei
we present a multi-wavelength analysis of 14 tidal disruption events tdes -including an off-nuclear event associated with an ultra-compact dwarf galaxy-selected for having available thermal x-ray spectra during their late-time uv optical plateau phase
to achieve this we develop a two-stream audio-visual
fusion
image fusion
to achieve this we develop a two-stream audio-visual fusion model that predicts the importance of video frames where importance is defined as the likelihood of a frame being selected in the firm-produced short ad
electrifying the steam cracking process is a promising pathway to
reduce
steam cracking
electrifying the steam cracking process is a promising pathway to reduce carbon emissions
we use boltzmann transport equation while taking into account the full energy momentum band dependence of all relevant electronic
scattering
nonlinear transport
we use boltzmann transport equation while taking into account the full energy momentum band dependence of all relevant electronic scattering rates i
our general interaction framework which reduces to several previously studied models as special cases provides a versatile platform for engineering quantum
correlations
quantum dot
our general interaction framework which reduces to several previously studied models as special cases provides a versatile platform for engineering quantum correlations with applications in quantum simulation state preparation and sensing protocols
lagmemo language 3d gaussian splatting memory for multi-modal open-vocabulary multi-goal
visual
visual navigation
lagmemo language 3d gaussian splatting memory for multi-modal open-vocabulary multi-goal visual navigation
the eeg microstate analysis was utilized to explore the relative variations in temporal parameters and brain
functional
human brain
the eeg microstate analysis was utilized to explore the relative variations in temporal parameters and brain functional connectivity
correlations in a quantum switch-based heat engine with
measurements
quantum coherence
correlations in a quantum switch-based heat engine with measurements a proof-of-principle demonstration
we find that the mutualism is abandoned and re-established several times through
evolutionary
evolutionary game
we find that the mutualism is abandoned and re-established several times through evolutionary time but the mutualism may persist the majority of time
the era of agentic organization learning to organize with
language
language models
the era of agentic organization learning to organize with language models
this yields toolpref-pairwise-30k a diverse balanced and challenging dataset of critique tasks that supports reinforcement
learning
reasoning tasks
this yields toolpref-pairwise-30k a diverse balanced and challenging dataset of critique tasks that supports reinforcement learning with verifiable feedback
recent deep learning based approaches have substantially improved
performance
deep network
recent deep learning based approaches have substantially improved performance and are now the standard in computer vision motivating their application to sea ice drift estimation
these findings raise fundamental questions about when and how well-known structural components of galaxy morphology such as
bulges
bulge stars
these findings raise fundamental questions about when and how well-known structural components of galaxy morphology such as bulges and disks first emerged
structures that support various queries on an input text t in sigma n using space proportional to the size of t in
compressed
compressed indexing
structures that support various queries on an input text t in sigma n using space proportional to the size of t in compressed form
these results suggest that llms can serve as practical proxies for otherwise unrevealed human thinking traces enabling label-only corpora to be extended into thinking-trace-augmented resources that enhance the reliability of
llm
models llms
these results suggest that llms can serve as practical proxies for otherwise unrevealed human thinking traces enabling label-only corpora to be extended into thinking-trace-augmented resources that enhance the reliability of llm raters
while deep learning dominates recent mtl research support
vector
support vector machines
while deep learning dominates recent mtl research support vector machines svms and twin svms twsvms remain relevant due to their interpretability theoretical rigor and effectiveness with small datasets
we quantify the dependence of magnetic fields on star formation
activity
active galactic
we quantify the dependence of magnetic fields on star formation activity including both regular and starburst galaxies
central to our approach is a new primal-dual framework that reduces the computation of an approximate mwm in general
graphs
bipartite graphs
central to our approach is a new primal-dual framework that reduces the computation of an approximate mwm in general graphs to a sequence of approximate induced matching queries on an auxiliary bipartite extension
09 and red spectral slopes provides direct evidence for
galactic
galactic disk
09 and red spectral slopes provides direct evidence for galactic cosmic ray gcr processing of the outer layers of the interstellar comet nucleus
this work provides direct observational evidence for the existence of lrd host galaxies and offers crucial insights into the growth of the host galaxy and the co-evolution of galaxies and their black holes within the first
billion
dark matter
this work provides direct observational evidence for the existence of lrd host galaxies and offers crucial insights into the growth of the host galaxy and the co-evolution of galaxies and their black holes within the first billion years after the big bang
these findings highlight challenges in achieving logical consistency in llms
normative
normative reasoning
these findings highlight challenges in achieving logical consistency in llms normative reasoning and provide insights for enhancing their reliability
this is important as reliable navigation around other vehicles is vital for safe
autonomous
autonomous driving
this is important as reliable navigation around other vehicles is vital for safe autonomous wheel-to-wheel racing
we show that for every learning algorithm there exists an auxiliary
algorithm
gradient descent
we show that for every learning algorithm there exists an auxiliary algorithm that does not memorize and which yields comparable generalization error for any data distribution
these subclumps exhibit parabolic morphologies consistent with ram-pressure-confined droplets with their heads tending to point toward the
galactic
dwarf galaxies
these subclumps exhibit parabolic morphologies consistent with ram-pressure-confined droplets with their heads tending to point toward the galactic plane
taken together our analysis clarifies the trade-off between action fine-tuning and the degradation of vl representations and highlights practical approaches to recover inherited
vl
vla models
taken together our analysis clarifies the trade-off between action fine-tuning and the degradation of vl representations and highlights practical approaches to recover inherited vl capabilities
2 textbf failure-guided hints injecting corrective guidance into
stalled
interventional constraints
2 textbf failure-guided hints injecting corrective guidance into stalled trajectories to increase the probability of successful outcomes
this dataset serves two key purposes 1 enabling robust training of
deep
deep network
this dataset serves two key purposes 1 enabling robust training of deep learning models on extensive heterogeneous data and 2 facilitating rigorous evaluation of model generalization for ct reconstruction
this article proposes a modular optimal control framework for local three-dimensional ellipsoidal
obstacle
dynamic obstacles
this article proposes a modular optimal control framework for local three-dimensional ellipsoidal obstacle avoidance exemplarily applied to model predictive path-following control
furthermore the flow-based decoder directly propagates high-level semantic features from the final
encoder
dual encoder
furthermore the flow-based decoder directly propagates high-level semantic features from the final encoder layer to all decoder layers maximizing feature preservation and utilization
progressive prompt engineering experiments demonstrate that analytical query handling without explicit guidance remains unreliable despite models general
reasoning
reasoning curriculum
progressive prompt engineering experiments demonstrate that analytical query handling without explicit guidance remains unreliable despite models general reasoning capabilities
however its application is often hindered by low textbf
reward
reward density
however its application is often hindered by low textbf reward density in deep search scenarios where agents expend significant exploratory costs for infrequent and often null final rewards
we first prove np-hardness for k -cycle graphs namely graphs formed by k cycles sharing a single vertex as well as k -path graphs namely
graphs
bipartite graphs
we first prove np-hardness for k -cycle graphs namely graphs formed by k cycles sharing a single vertex as well as k -path graphs namely graphs formed by k paths with shared endpoints
accurate epidemic forecasting requires models that account for the layered and heterogeneous nature of real
social
social interactions
accurate epidemic forecasting requires models that account for the layered and heterogeneous nature of real social interactions
we introduce textsc flowq-net flow-based quantum design network a generative framework for automated quantum circuit synthesis based on generative flow
networks
quantum computing
we introduce textsc flowq-net flow-based quantum design network a generative framework for automated quantum circuit synthesis based on generative flow networks gflownets
this method is shown to yield a precise and robust alternative to traditional layer-projected spin-polarization techniques for obtaining the intrinsic hidden
spin
magnetic anisotropy
this method is shown to yield a precise and robust alternative to traditional layer-projected spin-polarization techniques for obtaining the intrinsic hidden spin textures in such materials
by providing a structured framework for assessing gui knowledge our work supports the selection of vlms with greater potential prior to downstream training and provides insights for building more capable
gui
gui knowledge
by providing a structured framework for assessing gui knowledge our work supports the selection of vlms with greater potential prior to downstream training and provides insights for building more capable gui agents
we evaluate our hierarchical reconstruction approach on three examples 1d translational motion 2d rotational
motion
image reconstruction
we evaluate our hierarchical reconstruction approach on three examples 1d translational motion 2d rotational motion and dynamic 3d scene deformation via gaussian splatting
we show that our estimation strategy fully exploits the multidimensional
assignment
covariate balancing
we show that our estimation strategy fully exploits the multidimensional assignment rule and reveals heterogeneous effects along the treatment boundaries
pulse-level quantum programs can be fully described with only three low-level abstractions ports input output
channels
quantum computing
pulse-level quantum programs can be fully described with only three low-level abstractions ports input output channels frames reference signals and waveforms pulse envelopes
the next generation consists of a random sample of all the
offspring
basic reproduction
the next generation consists of a random sample of all the offspring so that the population size remains fixed where the sampling is made according to a parameterized gibbs measure of the fitness of the offspring
we establish the convergence of the sequence generated by tkma to a fixed
point
local convergence
we establish the convergence of the sequence generated by tkma to a fixed point of t
accurate estimation of motion information is crucial in diverse computational imaging and
computer
point tracking
accurate estimation of motion information is crucial in diverse computational imaging and computer vision applications
while recent llm-based approaches improve over static templates they still generate noisy fragmented graphs with duplicate nodes due to the
absence
node duplication
while recent llm-based approaches improve over static templates they still generate noisy fragmented graphs with duplicate nodes due to the absence of guided extraction and coreference resolution
atomic force microscopy showed a significant increase in the young
s
force microscopy
atomic force microscopy showed a significant increase in the young s modulus of the film for both sample types after hydrogenation