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we show that state-of-the-art vlms struggle with visual anomaly perception and commonsense | reasoning | models vlms | we show that state-of-the-art vlms struggle with visual anomaly perception and commonsense reasoning even with advanced prompting strategies |
existing benchmarks have widely leveraged high school math competitions for evaluating mathematical reasoning | capabilities | reasoning capabilities | existing benchmarks have widely leveraged high school math competitions for evaluating mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models llms |
femtosecond self-diffraction as a measure of the | nonlinear | nonlinear optical | femtosecond self-diffraction as a measure of the nonlinear response spectrum |
yet an important question still remains are video models ready to serve as zero-shot reasoners in challenging visual | reasoning | reasoning capabilities | yet an important question still remains are video models ready to serve as zero-shot reasoners in challenging visual reasoning scenarios |
using a combination of computational modeling based on classical and path-integral | molecular | molecular dynamics | using a combination of computational modeling based on classical and path-integral molecular dynamics quantum embedding and high pressure experiments including raman spectroscopy and synchrotron x-ray diffraction at low temperatures and high pressures we identify signatures of quantum-induced ordering and structural tr... |
to close this gap we introduce nano-scale | vision-language | vision-language-action vla | to close this gap we introduce nano-scale vision-language action nanovla a family of lightweight vla architectures that achieve high performance with minimal resources |
the numerical results show that the proposed ga-based solution demonstrates up to a 98 enhancement in sum-rate compared to a baseline half-duplex | isac | communication isac | the numerical results show that the proposed ga-based solution demonstrates up to a 98 enhancement in sum-rate compared to a baseline half-duplex isac system and provides better performance than a benchmark algorithm from the literature |
the function f is assumed to be em r -decomposable meaning there exist m ge1 subsets v_1 dots v_m of v each with a cardinality at most r and a corresponding set of nonnegative supermodular | functions | submodular maximization | the function f is assumed to be em r -decomposable meaning there exist m ge1 subsets v_1 dots v_m of v each with a cardinality at most r and a corresponding set of nonnegative supermodular functions f_i 2 v_i rightarrow mathbb r _ i 1 ldots m such that f s sum_ i 1 m f_i s cap v_i holds for each s subseteq v |
this gap has motivated growing efforts to design collaborative frameworks that combine the complementary strengths of | humans | ai literacy | this gap has motivated growing efforts to design collaborative frameworks that combine the complementary strengths of humans and ai |
from linear to nonlinear provable weak-to-strong generalization through | feature | representation learning | from linear to nonlinear provable weak-to-strong generalization through feature learning |
here we show such a computational model that precisely models | consciousness | cognitive science | here we show such a computational model that precisely models consciousness natural or artificial identifying the structural and functional mechanisms that effect it confirming the physicalism hypothesis |
we report over 3 kv breakdown voltage and ultra-low | leakage | breakdown voltage | we report over 3 kv breakdown voltage and ultra-low leakage 011 b eta -ga2o3 power devices utilizing schottky barrier engineering and high-permittivity k appa dielectric zro2 field plate |
conventional vector autoregressions vars overfit in high dimensional settings while threshold | vars | vector autoregression | conventional vector autoregressions vars overfit in high dimensional settings while threshold vars struggle with time varying interdependencies and complex parameter structures |
in particular we show that narrower degree | distributions | degree distributions | in particular we show that narrower degree distributions contain longer shortest loops as a universal property in a wide class of random networks |
we also perform a dismantling procedure of statistically validated comorbidity networks to highlight those categories of diseases that are most responsible for the compactedness of the | comorbidity | comorbidity networks | we also perform a dismantling procedure of statistically validated comorbidity networks to highlight those categories of diseases that are most responsible for the compactedness of the comorbidity networks for a given cohort of patients |
we show that the truncated random return can be naturally | expressed | random return | we show that the truncated random return can be naturally expressed in the quadratic form |
our results reveal temporal stability in aggregate route choice behavior across the entire | urban | traffic dynamics | our results reveal temporal stability in aggregate route choice behavior across the entire urban region throughout 2023 |
we adapt a pre-trained vision-language-action vla model open-vla for dexterous human-robot collaboration with minimal | language | vision-language-action vla | we adapt a pre-trained vision-language-action vla model open-vla for dexterous human-robot collaboration with minimal language prompting |
bell inequality violation is the phenomenon where multiple non-communicating parties can exhibit correlations using quantum | resources | quantum advantage | bell inequality violation is the phenomenon where multiple non-communicating parties can exhibit correlations using quantum resources that are impossible if they can only use classical resources |
in this work we aim to explain this conflict by exploring how language models manipulate | numbers | language models | in this work we aim to explain this conflict by exploring how language models manipulate numbers and quantify the lower bounds of accuracy of these mechanisms |
this combined study enabled by the electric-field method yields new insights into the mechanisms controlling the spin-layer segregation and resulting hidden | spin | hidden spin texture | this combined study enabled by the electric-field method yields new insights into the mechanisms controlling the spin-layer segregation and resulting hidden spin texture in such systems |
although per-iteration cost can exceed that of classical multilevel schemes the method is efficient and consistently outperforms newton s method gradient descent and the multilevel newton method indicating that second-order methods can outperform | first-order | first-order methods | although per-iteration cost can exceed that of classical multilevel schemes the method is efficient and consistently outperforms newton s method gradient descent and the multilevel newton method indicating that second-order methods can outperform first-order methods even when newton s method is initially slow |
metacognition and confidence dynamics in advice taking from | generative | ai literacy | metacognition and confidence dynamics in advice taking from generative ai |
behavioral cloning is a simple yet effective technique for | learning | imitation learning | behavioral cloning is a simple yet effective technique for learning sequential decision-making from demonstrations |
our result generalizes prior almost-optimal parallel 1 | epsilon | -approximation algorithm | our result generalizes prior almost-optimal parallel 1 epsilon -approximation algorithms for these special cases including shortest paths rozhen haeupler marinsson grunau zuzic stoc 23 and max flow with only edge capacities |
besides ac conductivity electric modulus and dielectric properties have been investigated to illustrate the microscopic | conduction | ionic conduction | besides ac conductivity electric modulus and dielectric properties have been investigated to illustrate the microscopic conduction mechanism |
we investigate the fine-grained complexity of direct access to conjunctive | query | query complexity | we investigate the fine-grained complexity of direct access to conjunctive query cq answers according to their position ordered by the minimum or maximum value between attributes |
it overcomes the limitation of traditional growth | mechanism | degree distributions | it overcomes the limitation of traditional growth mechanism in characterising low-degree distributions |
in linear time-invariant systems the sensitivity function to disturbances is designed under a | sensitivity | disturbance observer | in linear time-invariant systems the sensitivity function to disturbances is designed under a sensitivity tradeoff known as the waterbed effect |
motivated by the quadratic nature of self-attention we hypothesize that vits represent whether two patches belong to the same | object | receptive fields | motivated by the quadratic nature of self-attention we hypothesize that vits represent whether two patches belong to the same object a property we term issameobject |
the resulting bilinearities are handled by an alternating | scheme | quadratic programming | the resulting bilinearities are handled by an alternating scheme that alternates between optimizing multipliers and updating the variant and radius until a positive slack is obtained |
here we introduce a topological framework that defines and detects localities in human | mobility | travel information | here we introduce a topological framework that defines and detects localities in human mobility networks |
finally we validate our approach on synthetic kernels and demonstrate on real-world image datasets that the recovered eigenvalues act as effective importance scores for | feature | representation learning | finally we validate our approach on synthetic kernels and demonstrate on real-world image datasets that the recovered eigenvalues act as effective importance scores for feature selection enabling principled efficiency-accuracy tradeoffs via adaptive-dimensional representations |
during massive star formation dense gas undergoes | chemical | star formation | during massive star formation dense gas undergoes chemical evolution producing both simple and complex organic molecules coms characteristic of hot molecular cores |
we report the first evidence for parsec-scale spatial | correlations | stellar mass function | we report the first evidence for parsec-scale spatial correlations of stellar magnetospheric inclinations i_ rm mag observed in the lupus low-mass star forming region |
more broadly they point to an intrinsic neural signature of adaptive brain function marked by efficient yet flexible network organization that may | support | neural networks | more broadly they point to an intrinsic neural signature of adaptive brain function marked by efficient yet flexible network organization that may support creative and adaptive cognition |
the paper demonstrates that studying these interactions naturally yields new mathematical insights into | systems | complex systems | the paper demonstrates that studying these interactions naturally yields new mathematical insights into systems in the natural sciences and behavioral economics |
the results demonstrate consistent enhancements over traditional optimization techniques and competitive accuracy relative to current | deep | deep reinforcement learning | the results demonstrate consistent enhancements over traditional optimization techniques and competitive accuracy relative to current deep learning models |
specifically we focus on downlink dl bistatic sensing where the user equipment ue performs measurements from reflected | sensing | integrated sensing | specifically we focus on downlink dl bistatic sensing where the user equipment ue performs measurements from reflected sensing signals and provides feedback to the network nw |
our work not only reveals the key role of anisotropic epc in controlling the thermal and optical properties of tairte4 but also provides insights into designing polarization-sensitive optoelectronic | devices | photonic crystal | our work not only reveals the key role of anisotropic epc in controlling the thermal and optical properties of tairte4 but also provides insights into designing polarization-sensitive optoelectronic devices based on topological semimetals |
this study presents maxvstar maximally adaptive vision-guided sensing technology for activity recognition a closed-loop vision-guided model adaptation framework that autonomously mitigates domain shift for edge-deployed csi | sensing | activity recognition | this study presents maxvstar maximally adaptive vision-guided sensing technology for activity recognition a closed-loop vision-guided model adaptation framework that autonomously mitigates domain shift for edge-deployed csi sensing systems |
our key idea is to decouple visual and linguistic adaptation by introducing two lightweight modules a domain classifier to identify the input image type and a dual adapter mechanism comprising a prompt adapter for | language | vision transformers | our key idea is to decouple visual and linguistic adaptation by introducing two lightweight modules a domain classifier to identify the input image type and a dual adapter mechanism comprising a prompt adapter for language modulation and a visual adapter for vision feature adjustment |
furthermore we extend our scheme to generate a three-photon state capable of extracting an einstein-podolsky-rosen pair from two initial states lacking this capability revealing a previously unobserved entanglement | superactivation | single photons | furthermore we extend our scheme to generate a three-photon state capable of extracting an einstein-podolsky-rosen pair from two initial states lacking this capability revealing a previously unobserved entanglement superactivation phenomenon |
the approach leads to a complete and verifiable proof and more broadly demonstrates how systematic human-ai co-reasoning can advance the frontier of | mathematical | mathematical reasoning | the approach leads to a complete and verifiable proof and more broadly demonstrates how systematic human-ai co-reasoning can advance the frontier of mathematical discovery |
first we introduce vimogen-228k a large-scale dataset comprising 228 000 high-quality motion samples that integrates high-fidelity optical mocap data with semantically annotated motions from web | videos | video generation | first we introduce vimogen-228k a large-scale dataset comprising 228 000 high-quality motion samples that integrates high-fidelity optical mocap data with semantically annotated motions from web videos and synthesized samples generated by state-of-the-art vigen models |
we investigate the role of network architecture in shaping the inductive biases of modern score-based | generative | generative models | we investigate the role of network architecture in shaping the inductive biases of modern score-based generative models |
these findings underscore a key role for confidence in interactions with genai shaped by both prior | beliefs | empathic prompting | these findings underscore a key role for confidence in interactions with genai shaped by both prior beliefs about oneself and the reliability of ai and context-dependent exposure to advice |
inspired by predictive coding in neuroscience--which suggests that the brain predicts | sensory | artificial neural | inspired by predictive coding in neuroscience--which suggests that the brain predicts sensory inputs as a neural implementation of bayesian inference--and by auxiliary predictive objectives in deep rl we investigate whether integrating self-supervised predictive coding modules into meta-rl can facilitate learning of ba... |
control-var can estimate average treatment effects on the treated for dummy policies or average | causal | causal effects | control-var can estimate average treatment effects on the treated for dummy policies or average causal responses over time for continuous policies |
optical flow produces spatially continuous drift fields providing | motion | flow matching | optical flow produces spatially continuous drift fields providing motion estimates for every image pixel rather than at sparse buoy locations offering new opportunities for navigation and climate modeling |
here we show that lyman- alpha ly alpha radiation pressure limits the gas mass converted into | stars | dwarf galaxies | here we show that lyman- alpha ly alpha radiation pressure limits the gas mass converted into stars particularly in primordial environments |
to handle this situation we extend and generalise the robust and conjugate | gaussian | gaussian process | to handle this situation we extend and generalise the robust and conjugate gaussian process rcgp framework introduced by altamirano et al |
this shows the practical utility of the method which provides a systematic framework for robust | variable | variable selection | this shows the practical utility of the method which provides a systematic framework for robust variable selection in spatial point-process models under noise without requiring additional knowledge of the process |
the ppo agent uses an actor-critic neural network trained from trajectories generated by the python simulator with configurable | mobility | deep reinforcement learning | the ppo agent uses an actor-critic neural network trained from trajectories generated by the python simulator with configurable mobility e |
classically prepared quantumly evolved hybrid algorithm for | molecular | molecular dynamics | classically prepared quantumly evolved hybrid algorithm for molecular spectra |
motivated by an heterogeneous fine-scale butterfly occupancy dataset we evaluate the performance of a multi-season occupancy model with spatial and temporal random effects to a skewed poisson distribution of the number of surveys per site overlap of covariates between | occupancy | ecological communities | motivated by an heterogeneous fine-scale butterfly occupancy dataset we evaluate the performance of a multi-season occupancy model with spatial and temporal random effects to a skewed poisson distribution of the number of surveys per site overlap of covariates between occupancy and detection submodels and spatiotempora... |
blm _1 a boundless large model for cross-space cross-task and | cross-embodiment | multi-goal visual | blm _1 a boundless large model for cross-space cross-task and cross-embodiment learning |
we introduce fieldgen a field-guided data generation framework that enables scalable diverse and high-quality real-world | data | generative ai | we introduce fieldgen a field-guided data generation framework that enables scalable diverse and high-quality real-world data collection with minimal human supervision |
a bimodal trait distribution generally requires for its existence mutational coupling between the two peaks and it indicates two coexisting clones with distinct survival and | reproduction | basic reproduction | a bimodal trait distribution generally requires for its existence mutational coupling between the two peaks and it indicates two coexisting clones with distinct survival and reproduction strategies |
we evaluate its reasoning behavior across 12 dimensions including spatial geometric physical | temporal | temporal understanding | we evaluate its reasoning behavior across 12 dimensions including spatial geometric physical temporal and embodied logic systematically characterizing both its strengths and failure modes |
in the rapidly evolving research on artificial intelligence ai the demand for fast computationally efficient and scalable solutions has increased in | recent | computationally efficient | in the rapidly evolving research on artificial intelligence ai the demand for fast computationally efficient and scalable solutions has increased in recent years |
we introduce human ai collaborative uncertainty quantification a framework that formalizes how an ai model can refine a human | expert | ai systems | we introduce human ai collaborative uncertainty quantification a framework that formalizes how an ai model can refine a human expert s proposed prediction set with two goals avoiding counterfactual harm ensuring the ai does not degrade correct human judgments and complementarity enabling recovery of correct outcomes th... |
we consider the problem of adaptive control of a class of feedback linearizable plants with matched parametric uncertainties whose states are accessible subject to state constraints which often arise due to | safety | control systems | we consider the problem of adaptive control of a class of feedback linearizable plants with matched parametric uncertainties whose states are accessible subject to state constraints which often arise due to safety considerations |
it is difficult to identify especially when claims | distort | findings highlight | it is difficult to identify especially when claims distort or misinterpret scientific findings |
the technique of data augmentation da is often used in machine learning for regularization purposes to better | generalize | deep learning | the technique of data augmentation da is often used in machine learning for regularization purposes to better generalize under i |
the distinct structural attributes coupled with suitable electronic band | structure | ionic conduction | the distinct structural attributes coupled with suitable electronic band structure promotes the electron transport properties |
in this paper we design a meta-algorithm that allows us to take any robust algorithm for exact | submodular | -approximation algorithm | in this paper we design a meta-algorithm that allows us to take any robust algorithm for exact submodular maximization as a black box and transform it into an algorithm for the noisy setting while retaining the approximation guarantee |
through a series of experiments across culturally sensitive and neutral domains we establish three key findings 1 mt systems including modern large language models llms induce label drift during translation particularly in culturally sensitive domains 2 unlike earlier statistical mt tools llms encode cultural knowledge... | languages | large language | through a series of experiments across culturally sensitive and neutral domains we establish three key findings 1 mt systems including modern large language models llms induce label drift during translation particularly in culturally sensitive domains 2 unlike earlier statistical mt tools llms encode cultural knowledge... |
that decode specific relational facts in transformer | language | large language models llms | that decode specific relational facts in transformer language models |
low-pass graph filters are fundamental for | signal | signal processing | low-pass graph filters are fundamental for signal processing on graphs and other non-euclidean domains |
we systematically investigate various image concatenation techniques and | training | image fusion | we systematically investigate various image concatenation techniques and training strategies for visual icl and introduce novel concatenation methods that significantly enhance model performance with limited labeled data |
six peaks are detected in the bulge mdf encompassing values reported in previous studies suggesting a complex composition of | bulge | bulge stars | six peaks are detected in the bulge mdf encompassing values reported in previous studies suggesting a complex composition of bulge populations |
the model determines siting capacity and type of data centers alongside | power | carbon emissions | the model determines siting capacity and type of data centers alongside power generation expansion storage deployment and retirements accounting for both operational and embodied emissions |
we establish a practical and easy-to-implement sequential stopping rule for the martingale central | limit | central limit theorem | we establish a practical and easy-to-implement sequential stopping rule for the martingale central limit theorem focusing on monte carlo methods for estimating the mean of a non-iid sequence of martingale difference type |
ai agents perform near the floor on rli with the highest-performing | agent | llm agents | ai agents perform near the floor on rli with the highest-performing agent achieving an automation rate of 2 |
reciprocity deficits observing ai in the street with | everyday | everyday publics | reciprocity deficits observing ai in the street with everyday publics |
moreover the lack of interpretability in modal information selection further affects the reliability and consistency of | fusion | multimodal reasoning | moreover the lack of interpretability in modal information selection further affects the reliability and consistency of fusion results in complex scenarios |
the structure of relation decoding linear operators in large | language | language models | the structure of relation decoding linear operators in large language models |
for a sample of masers the basic kinematic equations were solved by including the | galactic | galactic nuclei | for a sample of masers the basic kinematic equations were solved by including the galactic rotation parameters and the peculiar velocity of the sun as the unknown variables |
climate change and fisheries jointly shape the resilience of the barents sea marine ecosystem yet the recovery of key fish populations to | climate | climate change | climate change and fisheries jointly shape the resilience of the barents sea marine ecosystem yet the recovery of key fish populations to climate and anthropogenic disturbances requires further investigation |
the oversight game learning to cooperatively balance an | ai | artificial intelligence | the oversight game learning to cooperatively balance an ai agent s safety and autonomy |
such simulations -- for which classical methods are often inaccurate -- are critical to advancing our knowledge and understanding of | quantum | molecular dynamics | such simulations -- for which classical methods are often inaccurate -- are critical to advancing our knowledge and understanding of quantum chemistry and materials underpinning a wide range of fields from biochemistry to clean-energy technologies and chemical synthesis |
our results provide 2 mathcal o k n mathcal o 1 time and n mathcal o 1 | space | -time algorithm | our results provide 2 mathcal o k n mathcal o 1 time and n mathcal o 1 space algorithms for problems for which the existence of such algorithms was previously unknown |
in this paper we propose csi2q a novel csi | fingerprinting | channel state information csi | in this paper we propose csi2q a novel csi fingerprinting system that achieves comparable performance to iq-based approaches |
this has given rise to a complex adaptive information ecosystem where individuals and machines compete for attention leading to emergent | collective | collective action | this has given rise to a complex adaptive information ecosystem where individuals and machines compete for attention leading to emergent collective phenomena |
traditional topic models such as latent dirichlet allocation lda have been widely used to uncover | latent | language models | traditional topic models such as latent dirichlet allocation lda have been widely used to uncover latent structures in text corpora but they often struggle to integrate auxiliary information such as metadata user attributes or document labels |
in comparison to the best classical algorithm with o n 2 scaling where n is the number of vertexes our quantum | algorithm | quantum walk | in comparison to the best classical algorithm with o n 2 scaling where n is the number of vertexes our quantum algorithm achieves a time complexity of o n 2 for finding a large is which reduces to o n for identifying a size-2 is |
as llms occupy an increasingly important role in society they are more and more confronted with questions that require them not only to draw on their general knowledge but also to align with certain human | value | llm post-training | as llms occupy an increasingly important role in society they are more and more confronted with questions that require them not only to draw on their general knowledge but also to align with certain human value systems |
graph-enhanced policy optimization in llm | agent | reinforcement learning | graph-enhanced policy optimization in llm agent training |
we develop a general framework for causal | effect | causal effects | we develop a general framework for causal effect estimation that relaxes the commonly assumed requirement that exposures contain higher-frequency variation than confounders |
encounters between individuals underlie key ecological processes such as predation mating and disease transmission making encounter rates a direct link between individual movement | behavior | human disturbance | encounters between individuals underlie key ecological processes such as predation mating and disease transmission making encounter rates a direct link between individual movement behavior and population-level outcomes |
twin-field quantum key distribution tf-qkd has emerged as a potential protocol for long distance secure communication overcoming the rate-distance limitations of conventional quantum | key | quantum channels | twin-field quantum key distribution tf-qkd has emerged as a potential protocol for long distance secure communication overcoming the rate-distance limitations of conventional quantum key distribution without requiring trusted repeaters |
design stability in adaptive experiments implications for | treatment | dynamic treatment | design stability in adaptive experiments implications for treatment effect estimation |
identification and debiased learning of causal effects with | general | causal effects | identification and debiased learning of causal effects with general instrumental variables |
we conduct this investigation by performing 3d hydrodynamical simulation using the grid-based code fargo3d which we post-process to obtain synthetic observations using the monte carlo radiative | transfer | radiative transfer | we conduct this investigation by performing 3d hydrodynamical simulation using the grid-based code fargo3d which we post-process to obtain synthetic observations using the monte carlo radiative transfer code radmc3d |
we find that despite surfacing errors different language models learn interchangeable | representations | language models | we find that despite surfacing errors different language models learn interchangeable representations of numbers that are systematic highly accurate and universal across their hidden states and the types of input contexts |
using a statistically significant sample of | milky | quiescent galaxies | using a statistically significant sample of milky way- and andromeda-like mw m31 analogs from the high-resolution tng50 cosmological simulation we carry out the first systematic investigation of spiral-arm formation their observable properties and the underlying physical drivers |
building upon previous works where a field approach to activity--connectivity dynamics formation of collective states and effective fields of collective states were successively introduced the present paper synthesizes and extends these results toward a general description of multiple hierarchical | collective | dynamical systems | building upon previous works where a field approach to activity--connectivity dynamics formation of collective states and effective fields of collective states were successively introduced the present paper synthesizes and extends these results toward a general description of multiple hierarchical collective structures |
testing for the presence of autocorrelation is a fundamental problem in time | series | time series | testing for the presence of autocorrelation is a fundamental problem in time series analysis |
reinforcement learning rl algorithms are designed to optimize problem-solving by learning actions that maximize rewards a task that becomes particularly challenging in random and | nonstationary | reinforcement learning | reinforcement learning rl algorithms are designed to optimize problem-solving by learning actions that maximize rewards a task that becomes particularly challenging in random and nonstationary environments |
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