prompt stringlengths 41 511 | target stringlengths 1 25 | keyword stringclasses 697
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this survey provides an analysis of current methodologies integrating legal and logical specifications into the perception prediction and | planning | collision avoidance | this survey provides an analysis of current methodologies integrating legal and logical specifications into the perception prediction and planning modules of automated driving systems |
adaptive surrogate gradients for sequential reinforcement | learning | reinforcement learning | adaptive surrogate gradients for sequential reinforcement learning in spiking neural networks |
for instances with more than 100 jobs exact methods such as | mip | practical performance | for instances with more than 100 jobs exact methods such as mip and dynamic programming become computationally intractable |
in this work we investigate how and at which stage value | alignment | test-time alignment | in this work we investigate how and at which stage value alignment arises during the course of a model s post-training |
this integrated approach offers a general mathematical framework for designing and evaluating | control | control strategies | this integrated approach offers a general mathematical framework for designing and evaluating control strategies in infectious disease outbreaks with applications to low resource settings and beyond |
to evaluate the system-level performance of nonlinear sis we present a case study where sis structures are optimized to minimize the symbol error rate ser in an mimo system with | sis | wireless systems | to evaluate the system-level performance of nonlinear sis we present a case study where sis structures are optimized to minimize the symbol error rate ser in an mimo system with sis deployed at both the transmitter and receiver sides using only statistical channel information |
larger holes as narrower degree distributions in | complex | complex networks | larger holes as narrower degree distributions in complex networks |
while generative models especially large language models | llms | large language | while generative models especially large language models llms are ubiquitous in today s world principled mechanisms to assess their in correctness are limited |
typically an sis is modelled as a surface that imparts phase shifts on impinging electromagnetic signals to achieve desired | communication | nonlinear sis | typically an sis is modelled as a surface that imparts phase shifts on impinging electromagnetic signals to achieve desired communication objectives |
public opinion on environmental issues remains polarized in many countries posing a significant barrier to the implementation of | effective | environmental change | public opinion on environmental issues remains polarized in many countries posing a significant barrier to the implementation of effective policies |
by providing a scalable and effective training methodology cruise advances the development of | autonomous | autonomous driving | by providing a scalable and effective training methodology cruise advances the development of autonomous systems for dynamic competitive tasks and serves as a blueprint for future real-world deployment |
furthermore to manage the high-dimensional gradients of | llms | models llms | furthermore to manage the high-dimensional gradients of llms we employ sparse random projection to reduce dimensionality and improve storage and computation efficiency |
the picard-lagrange framework for higher-order | langevin | langevin dynamics | the picard-lagrange framework for higher-order langevin monte carlo |
accurate channel state information csi is essential for reliable multiuser | mimo | channel state information csi | accurate channel state information csi is essential for reliable multiuser mimo operation |
saber symbolic regression-based angle of arrival and | beam | channel estimation | saber symbolic regression-based angle of arrival and beam pattern estimator |
inspired by this principle we introduce a hierarchical multimodal recurrent neural network grounded in | predictive | neural representations | inspired by this principle we introduce a hierarchical multimodal recurrent neural network grounded in predictive processing under the free-energy principle capable of directly integrating over 30 000-dimensional visuo-proprioceptive inputs without dimensionality reduction |
experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets | demonstrate | real-world datasets | experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that our method effectively mitigates spurious correlation issues and yields more robust reward models |
inverse reinforcement learning irl aims to explain observed | behavior | policy learning | inverse reinforcement learning irl aims to explain observed behavior by uncovering an underlying reward |
this constraint naturally gives rise to spatial correlations between the states of neighboring nodes as the | infection | viral replication | this constraint naturally gives rise to spatial correlations between the states of neighboring nodes as the infection status of connected individuals becomes interdependent |
consequently we contribute a versatile scalable and self-improving learning framework to the field of | autonomous | autonomous driving | consequently we contribute a versatile scalable and self-improving learning framework to the field of autonomous drone racing |
this enables dynamic and real-time tasks that were previously believed to be unattainable by | large | vision-language models vlms | this enables dynamic and real-time tasks that were previously believed to be unattainable by large vla models |
second users recalled fewer physical objects than | virtual | physical virtual | second users recalled fewer physical objects than virtual objects in the environment suggesting reduced awareness of the physical environment |
normative reasoning is a type of reasoning that involves | normative | normative reasoning | normative reasoning is a type of reasoning that involves normative or deontic modality such as obligation and permission |
using a brain encoder as a digital twin offers a powerful data-driven framework for generating and testing hypotheses about visual selectivity in the human brain - hypotheses that can guide future | fmri | cognitive neuroscience | using a brain encoder as a digital twin offers a powerful data-driven framework for generating and testing hypotheses about visual selectivity in the human brain - hypotheses that can guide future fmri experiments |
people tend to walk in groups and interactions with those | groups | group size | people tend to walk in groups and interactions with those groups have a significant impact on crowd behavior and pedestrian traffic dynamics |
the polarized thermal emission from interstellar dust offers a valuable tool for probing both the dust and the magnetic field in the | interstellar | interstellar medium | the polarized thermal emission from interstellar dust offers a valuable tool for probing both the dust and the magnetic field in the interstellar medium ism |
machine learning ml models meanwhile can be trained to predict near-optimal decisions at a | fraction | machine learning | machine learning ml models meanwhile can be trained to predict near-optimal decisions at a fraction of the speed |
we present a proper agnostic learner for the class of triangles that has optimal sample | complexity | time complexity | we present a proper agnostic learner for the class of triangles that has optimal sample complexity and runs in time tilde o epsilon -6 improving on the algorithm of dobkin and gunopulos colt 95 that runs in time tilde o epsilon -10 |
empathic prompting non-verbal context integration for | multimodal | empathic prompting | empathic prompting non-verbal context integration for multimodal llm conversations |
reinforcement learning rl is widely used to produce robust robotic manipulation policies but fine-tuning vision-language-action vla models with | rl | reinforcement learning rl | reinforcement learning rl is widely used to produce robust robotic manipulation policies but fine-tuning vision-language-action vla models with rl can be unstable due to inaccurate value estimates and sparse supervision at intermediate steps |
unfortunately in too many cases today s ai is not | accountable | ai assistance | unfortunately in too many cases today s ai is not accountable -- we cannot question it enter into a discussion with it let alone sanction it |
combined with the distribution of serial intervals or generation times the rate gives basic and instantaneous values of the | reproduction | reproduction number | combined with the distribution of serial intervals or generation times the rate gives basic and instantaneous values of the reproduction number that govern development and ultimate outcome of the epidemic |
many believe that intracortical axons conduct signals too slowly to bring the | contextual | human brain | many believe that intracortical axons conduct signals too slowly to bring the contextual information from receptive fields of other neurons |
this framework offers a practical analytical tool for traffic engineers and planners to design adaptive signal control and pedestrian | safety | crash risk | this framework offers a practical analytical tool for traffic engineers and planners to design adaptive signal control and pedestrian safety interventions before crashes occur |
structures that support various queries on an input text t in sigma n using | space | data structure | structures that support various queries on an input text t in sigma n using space proportional to the size of t in compressed form |
extensions to longitudinal data dynamic treatment | regimes | treatment regimes | extensions to longitudinal data dynamic treatment regimes and multiplicative instrumental variables are further developed |
we investigate the impact of synthetic data generation and lightweight fine-tuning techniques on the ability of large | language | language models | we investigate the impact of synthetic data generation and lightweight fine-tuning techniques on the ability of large language models llms to recognize fallacious arguments using the missci dataset and framework |
spg-cdenet spatial prior-guided cross dual | encoder | dual encoder | spg-cdenet spatial prior-guided cross dual encoder network for multi-organ segmentation |
spiking patches asynchronous sparse and efficient tokens for | event | spiking patches | spiking patches asynchronous sparse and efficient tokens for event cameras |
specifically we propose an approach in which an overview of | pragmatic | pragmatic theories | specifically we propose an approach in which an overview of pragmatic theories such as gricean pragmatics and relevance theory is presented as a prompt to the language model guiding it through a step-by-step reasoning process to derive a final interpretation |
82 10 8 m _ sun kpc -2 - values close to those of nearby | quiescent | galaxy cgm | 82 10 8 m _ sun kpc -2 - values close to those of nearby quiescent galaxies |
our general interaction framework which reduces to several previously studied models as special cases provides a versatile platform for engineering quantum | correlations | quantum correlations | our general interaction framework which reduces to several previously studied models as special cases provides a versatile platform for engineering quantum correlations with applications in quantum simulation state preparation and sensing protocols |
reinforcement learning rl fine-tuning of large | language | language models | reinforcement learning rl fine-tuning of large language models llms often suffers from instability due to the numerical mismatch between the training and inference policies |
protected ion beam fabrication of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides based | photonic | photonic devices | protected ion beam fabrication of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides based photonic devices |
in the cold dark environments of pre-stellar | cores | stellar mass | in the cold dark environments of pre-stellar cores where the temperatures are below 10 k ne can condense onto the surface of interstellar grains |
microresonators are essential in integrated | photonics | photonic circuits | microresonators are essential in integrated photonics enabling optical filters modulators sensors and frequency converters |
modern vision-language models vlms excel at many multimodal tasks yet their grasp of temporal information in video | remains | language models | modern vision-language models vlms excel at many multimodal tasks yet their grasp of temporal information in video remains weak and crucially under-evaluated |
however when researchers have access to many covariates at the experiment design stage they often face challenges in effectively selecting or weighting | covariates | covariate balancing | however when researchers have access to many covariates at the experiment design stage they often face challenges in effectively selecting or weighting covariates when creating their strata |
this paper develops a unified framework for identifying spatial and temporal | boundaries | effect boundaries | this paper develops a unified framework for identifying spatial and temporal boundaries of treatment effects in difference-in-differences designs |
these results have implications for amplified oversight -- the challenge of combining humans and ai to supervise ai | systems | ai use | these results have implications for amplified oversight -- the challenge of combining humans and ai to supervise ai systems even as they surpass human expert performance |
this work lays out the architectural blueprint for extending hpcqc integration to support pulse-level quantum | operations | quantum algorithm | this work lays out the architectural blueprint for extending hpcqc integration to support pulse-level quantum operations without disrupting state-of-the-art classical workflows |
in extensive simulations we demonstrate that such an approach reliably recovers true | covariates | covariate balancing | in extensive simulations we demonstrate that such an approach reliably recovers true covariates under diverse noise scenarios and improves both selection accuracy and stability |
experimental demonstration of multi-object tracking in integrated | sensing | integrated sensing | experimental demonstration of multi-object tracking in integrated sensing and communication |
in this aspect we formulate a sum rate optimization problem that jointly optimizes the antenna activation factor the bs transmit power and the ue s transmit power subject to | power | power allocation | in this aspect we formulate a sum rate optimization problem that jointly optimizes the antenna activation factor the bs transmit power and the ue s transmit power subject to power budget constraints for the bs and the ues as well as minimum rate requirements for the ues |
test-time alignment of llms via sampling-based optimal | control | test-time alignment | test-time alignment of llms via sampling-based optimal control in pre-logit space |
gaussian processes gps on the other hand are often | preferred | gaussian process | gaussian processes gps on the other hand are often preferred in uncertainty quantification tasks due to their interpretability |
from the perspective of dynamical systems theory visual | rivalry | higher-order visual | from the perspective of dynamical systems theory visual rivalry offers an experimentally tractable window into the dynamical mechanisms governing perceptual awareness |
we develop an efficient algorithm to solve this bilevel | optimization | bilevel optimization | we develop an efficient algorithm to solve this bilevel optimization problem which computes parameter gradients without backpropagating through the solver |
to standardize this study we curate the evaluation data into mme-cof a compact | benchmark | reasoning curriculum | to standardize this study we curate the evaluation data into mme-cof a compact benchmark that enables in-depth and thorough assessment of chain-of-frame cof reasoning |
in the presence of disturbances this improvement idea renders inverse | optimal | optimal control | in the presence of disturbances this improvement idea renders inverse optimal issf controllers robust to gain variations with the same gain margin of 1 2 inf |
here we report how four-dimensional scanning transmission electron | microscopy | atomic force microscopy | here we report how four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy 4d-stem can address critical challenges in swcnt structural analysis |
while diffusion language models dlms enable fine-grained refinement their practical controllability | remains | language models | while diffusion language models dlms enable fine-grained refinement their practical controllability remains fragile |
using high-quality bilateral exposure data from the european banking authority transparency exercise 2014-2023 we estimate the causal impact of the covid-19 pandemic on | network | network fragility | using high-quality bilateral exposure data from the european banking authority transparency exercise 2014-2023 we estimate the causal impact of the covid-19 pandemic on network fragility using spatial difference-in-differences methods adapted from our previous studies |
we establish a practical and easy-to-implement sequential | stopping | stopping rules | we establish a practical and easy-to-implement sequential stopping rule for the martingale central limit theorem focusing on monte carlo methods for estimating the mean of a non-iid sequence of martingale difference type |
while decllm is overall more compute-optimal during pretraining | redllm | llm post-training | while decllm is overall more compute-optimal during pretraining redllm demonstrates comparable scaling and context length extrapolation capabilities |
using this result and the replica trick we find that the entanglement entropy of highly excited | states | multipartite entanglement | using this result and the replica trick we find that the entanglement entropy of highly excited states assumes a thermal form providing a concrete realization of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis eth |
here we introduce a topological framework that defines and detects localities in human | mobility | urban systems | here we introduce a topological framework that defines and detects localities in human mobility networks |
dc transport number studies reveal that the | total | nonlinear transport | dc transport number studies reveal that the total conductivity is dominated by ionic conduction 95 |
coherent control of quantum emitters is essential for scalable | quantum | optical communication | coherent control of quantum emitters is essential for scalable quantum photonic technologies |
moreover in the same settings in which our uniqueness theorem applies we also design and analyze an efficient | randomized | randomized algorithm | moreover in the same settings in which our uniqueness theorem applies we also design and analyze an efficient randomized algorithm to compute the unique minimum matrix-vector decomposition and thus a tensor rank decomposition of minimum rank |
we introduce a new analytical framework for modelling degree sequences in | individual | mobility networks | we introduce a new analytical framework for modelling degree sequences in individual communities of real-world networks e |
we introduce human ai collaborative uncertainty quantification a framework that formalizes how an ai model can refine a human | expert | ai assistance | we introduce human ai collaborative uncertainty quantification a framework that formalizes how an ai model can refine a human expert s proposed prediction set with two goals avoiding counterfactual harm ensuring the ai does not degrade correct human judgments and complementarity enabling recovery of correct outcomes th... |
echo-conditioned denoising diffusion probabilistic models for multi-target | tracking | multi-object tracking | echo-conditioned denoising diffusion probabilistic models for multi-target tracking in rf sensing |
we formulate the problem as a markov decision process and analyze the structure of the | optimal | optimal control | we formulate the problem as a markov decision process and analyze the structure of the optimal policy pi star for l 3 extending insights to arbitrary l |
this paper focuses on the transceiver design of ofdm systems based on dms provides an illustration of the potential of | dms | communication systems | this paper focuses on the transceiver design of ofdm systems based on dms provides an illustration of the potential of dms in wireless transceivers and points out the related research directions brought by dms |
we show that the cavity reflection approach enables high-fidelity spin | readout | qubit readout | we show that the cavity reflection approach enables high-fidelity spin readout even when the t center only has a modest cyclicity |
these findings highlight the potential of shared control strategies to balance stability efficiency and | driver | collision avoidance | these findings highlight the potential of shared control strategies to balance stability efficiency and driver acceptance |
large language models llms are catalyzing the development of | autonomous | models llms | large language models llms are catalyzing the development of autonomous ai research agents for scientific and engineering discovery |
a limiting case of this scheme utilizing two pulses with identical gaussians envelopes and tuned delay and relative phase is also explored revealing experimentally accessible pathways for manipulating | quantum | quantum dot | a limiting case of this scheme utilizing two pulses with identical gaussians envelopes and tuned delay and relative phase is also explored revealing experimentally accessible pathways for manipulating quantum coherence |
our experimental evaluation shows that models achieved the same performance with a compression ratio of 4-16x compared to lightgbm models using an adapted training process and an | alternative | rgb fundus | our experimental evaluation shows that models achieved the same performance with a compression ratio of 4-16x compared to lightgbm models using an adapted training process and an alternative memory layout |
existing causal discovery methods allow enforcing structural constraints for example requiring a causal path from pip3 to akt but they may still produce incorrect | causal | interventional constraints | existing causal discovery methods allow enforcing structural constraints for example requiring a causal path from pip3 to akt but they may still produce incorrect causal conclusions such as learning that pip3 inhibits akt |
we give matching lower bounds up to polylogarithmic | factors | lower bound | we give matching lower bounds up to polylogarithmic factors for both results |
we study the sobolev ipm problem for measures supported on a graph metric space where critic function is constrained to lie within the unit ball defined by | sobolev | sobolev ipm | we study the sobolev ipm problem for measures supported on a graph metric space where critic function is constrained to lie within the unit ball defined by sobolev norm |
quantum illumination with nonsimultaneous phase-insensitive coincidence measurements can provide jamming resilience compared to identical measurements for | classical | quantum emitters | quantum illumination with nonsimultaneous phase-insensitive coincidence measurements can provide jamming resilience compared to identical measurements for classical illumination |
joint encoding of what and when predictions through error-modulated plasticity in reservoir | spiking | neural codes | joint encoding of what and when predictions through error-modulated plasticity in reservoir spiking networks |
our results have applications across diverse contexts from behavioural ecology to bio-inspired | collective | collective systems | our results have applications across diverse contexts from behavioural ecology to bio-inspired collective systems design |
our findings pave the way for the integration of chemically tailored intercalation compounds in scalable | quantum | quantum materials | our findings pave the way for the integration of chemically tailored intercalation compounds in scalable quantum technologies |
kolmogorov- arnold networks kans semi-parametric | neural | neural network | kolmogorov- arnold networks kans semi-parametric neural architectures have emerged as a prominent approach for modeling complex functions with structured and efficient representations through spline layers |
we use 44 central galaxies from the cielo | cosmological | host galaxy | we use 44 central galaxies from the cielo cosmological simulations |
test-time prompt tuning tpt has emerged as a promising technique for adapting large | vision-language | vision-language models | test-time prompt tuning tpt has emerged as a promising technique for adapting large vision-language models vlms to unseen tasks without relying on labeled data |
recent quantum machine learning approaches such as quantum kernel methods and variational quantum circuits have shown promise in capturing complex data distributions for | anomaly | anomaly detection | recent quantum machine learning approaches such as quantum kernel methods and variational quantum circuits have shown promise in capturing complex data distributions for anomaly detection but remain constrained by limited qubit counts |
reinforcement finetuning rft is a key technique for aligning large language models llms with human preferences and enhancing | reasoning | reinforcement learning rl | reinforcement finetuning rft is a key technique for aligning large language models llms with human preferences and enhancing reasoning yet its effectiveness is highly sensitive to which tasks are explored during training |
pvmark enabling public verifiability for llm | watermarking | watermarking schemes | pvmark enabling public verifiability for llm watermarking schemes |
we test the compression versus expansion hypotheses by predicting performance on the canonical | mnemonic | working memory | we test the compression versus expansion hypotheses by predicting performance on the canonical mnemonic similarity task |
we refer to this riesz representer estimation as generalized | riesz | riesz regression | we refer to this riesz representer estimation as generalized riesz regression |
we study attention in mobile augmented reality ar using object | recall | object recall | we study attention in mobile augmented reality ar using object recall as a proxy outcome |
the eeg microstate analysis was utilized to explore the relative variations in temporal parameters and brain | functional | fmri data | the eeg microstate analysis was utilized to explore the relative variations in temporal parameters and brain functional connectivity |
additionally the dynamics features the periodic transfer of the | spin | quantum walk | additionally the dynamics features the periodic transfer of the spin to the maximally stretched state starting from a superposition state |
there are two prevalent ways to constructing 3d scenes procedural | generation | image generation | there are two prevalent ways to constructing 3d scenes procedural generation and 2d lifting |
our results suggest the need to conduct user-centered studies on measuring | llms | llm reasoning | our results suggest the need to conduct user-centered studies on measuring llms ability to help users while preserving privacy |
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