prompt stringlengths 41 511 | target stringlengths 1 25 | keyword stringclasses 697
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we evaluate strategies for reducing the run time of | fault-tolerant | quantum batteries | we evaluate strategies for reducing the run time of fault-tolerant quantum computations targeting practical utility in scientific or industrial workflows |
6 thin films studied by xray reflectivity and hard | xray | film thickness | 6 thin films studied by xray reflectivity and hard xray photoemission |
hybrid energy systems hes composed of controllable generators | flexible | power systems | hybrid energy systems hes composed of controllable generators flexible loads and battery storage offer a decentralized solution to enhance flexibility compared to single centralized resources |
specifically when f x acts safely but u0 acts unsafely the gain can be decreased by up to half and when f x acts unsafely we establish that if u0 acts safely the gain can be increased arbitrarily whereas if u0 | acts | gain margin | specifically when f x acts safely but u0 acts unsafely the gain can be decreased by up to half and when f x acts unsafely we establish that if u0 acts safely the gain can be increased arbitrarily whereas if u0 acts unsafely the control recovers the full gain margin 1 2 inf |
cascaded harmonic generation also extends the spectrum into the visible and ultraviolet domains resulting in an overall | spectral | spectral range | cascaded harmonic generation also extends the spectrum into the visible and ultraviolet domains resulting in an overall spectral bandwidth ranging from 350 to 4800 nm |
specifically to assess how well llms reason with normative modals we make a comparison between their reasoning with | normative | normative reasoning | specifically to assess how well llms reason with normative modals we make a comparison between their reasoning with normative modals and their reasoning with epistemic modals which share a common formal structure |
in mnte the dominant component sy of mnte inherits the polarized charge distribution and the non-relativistic spin-momentum locking bulk g-wave but the breaking of the c6z rotational symmetry by the neel vector lowers the | symmetry | spin-momentum locking | in mnte the dominant component sy of mnte inherits the polarized charge distribution and the non-relativistic spin-momentum locking bulk g-wave but the breaking of the c6z rotational symmetry by the neel vector lowers the symmetry from g-wave to d-wave |
these results demonstrate efficiency gains without cognitive change suggesting that current narrow ai systems serve as cognitive scaffolds extending | performance | task performance | these results demonstrate efficiency gains without cognitive change suggesting that current narrow ai systems serve as cognitive scaffolds extending performance without transforming underlying mental capacities |
most networks encountered in nature society and technology have | weighted | mobility networks | most networks encountered in nature society and technology have weighted edges representing the strength of the interaction association between their vertices |
wilson-cowan and amari-type models capture | nonlinear | artificial neural | wilson-cowan and amari-type models capture nonlinear neural population dynamics providing a fundamental framework for modeling how sensory and other exogenous inputs shape activity in neural tissue |
machine learning ml models meanwhile can be trained to predict near-optimal decisions at a | fraction | artificial intelligence | machine learning ml models meanwhile can be trained to predict near-optimal decisions at a fraction of the speed |
plugging regression functions estimated by machine | learning | regression function | plugging regression functions estimated by machine learning methods into the identifying equations can yield poor performance because of first-stage bias |
experimental results have shown that gentrack provides | superior | multi-object tracking | experimental results have shown that gentrack provides superior performance on standard benchmarks and real-world scenarios compared to state-of-the-art trackers with integrated implementations of baselines for fair comparison |
while ai-assisted participants completed several | tasks | ai use | while ai-assisted participants completed several tasks faster and more accurately no significant pre-post differences emerged in standardized measures of problem solving or verbal comprehension |
here we find multiple co-existing streamers for a disk velocity relative to the | interstellar | interstellar medium | here we find multiple co-existing streamers for a disk velocity relative to the interstellar medium of v_ mathrm sys 0 |
to explore this possibility we reanalyse the region using observational molecular | line | emission line | to explore this possibility we reanalyse the region using observational molecular line data |
we could then identify patterns of similar trajectories of | cognitive | working memory | we could then identify patterns of similar trajectories of cognitive decline and also highlight the potential problem of a large heterogeneity of the profiles maybe due to the final endpoint considered |
- for edge orientation problems we give a partial characterization of the problems that have a randomized complexity of omega log n and the problems that have a randomized | complexity | time complexity | - for edge orientation problems we give a partial characterization of the problems that have a randomized complexity of omega log n and the problems that have a randomized complexity of poly log log n |
we describe this simulation method and compare it with | alternative | numerical simulations | we describe this simulation method and compare it with alternative approaches |
moire-enabled optical vortex with tunable topological charge in twisted bilayer | photonic | photonic devices | moire-enabled optical vortex with tunable topological charge in twisted bilayer photonic crystals |
however it remains unclear which search direction to construct a | gradient | gradient flow | however it remains unclear which search direction to construct a gradient estimator is more appropriate and how to set the algorithmic parameters |
the reasoning capabilities of large language models | llms | models llms | the reasoning capabilities of large language models llms have led to their increasing employment in several critical applications particularly education where they support problem-solving tutoring and personalized study |
learning to manage investment portfolios beyond simple | utility | reinforcement learning | learning to manage investment portfolios beyond simple utility functions |
star quasiconvexity an unified approach for linear | convergence | strongly convex | star quasiconvexity an unified approach for linear convergence of first-order methods beyond convexity |
to overcome these challenges we developed darts a drone-based ai-powered real-time traffic incident | detection | incident detection | to overcome these challenges we developed darts a drone-based ai-powered real-time traffic incident detection system |
in addition such data could also be used to improve the training of both pathologists and ai | systems | ai agents | in addition such data could also be used to improve the training of both pathologists and ai systems that might support human experts |
generative bayesian optimization generative models as | acquisition | approximate posterior | generative bayesian optimization generative models as acquisition functions |
within this framework we further identify several meaningful dynamical indicators such as the collective order parameter the degree of self-coherence and the volitional inertia inferred from hysteresis-like loops which together provide a quantitative characterization of | emergent | emergent behaviors | within this framework we further identify several meaningful dynamical indicators such as the collective order parameter the degree of self-coherence and the volitional inertia inferred from hysteresis-like loops which together provide a quantitative characterization of emergent coordination and adaptation in a self-pe... |
distributed quantum computing dqc provides a promising route toward scalable quantum | computation | quantum networks | distributed quantum computing dqc provides a promising route toward scalable quantum computation where entanglement-assisted locc and circuit knitting represent two complementary approaches |
we propose that encounters between the ants moving in opposite directions can be modelled within the framework of | game | game theory | we propose that encounters between the ants moving in opposite directions can be modelled within the framework of game theory leading to an understanding of the mechanism behind observed behaviours |
finally the learned policies in the spcg achieved between 87 and 95 optimality compared to an equivalent top solution obtained by mixed-integer | linear | optimal control | finally the learned policies in the spcg achieved between 87 and 95 optimality compared to an equivalent top solution obtained by mixed-integer linear programming |
this paper proposes a new method for estimating conditional | average | treatment effect | this paper proposes a new method for estimating conditional average treatment effects cate in randomized experiments |
to address this challenge this paper proposes a delay-tolerant communication disturbance | observer | disturbance observer | to address this challenge this paper proposes a delay-tolerant communication disturbance observer cdob framework for path-tracking control in delayed systems |
mapping habitat quality based on factors like host availability and environmental suitability is a common approach to determining which | locations | ecological communities | mapping habitat quality based on factors like host availability and environmental suitability is a common approach to determining which locations are important for the spread of a species |
phase-change materials pcms based on group iv v and vi elements such as ge sb and te exhibit distinctive liquid-state features including thermodynamic anomalies and unusual dynamical properties which are believed to | play | phase transition | phase-change materials pcms based on group iv v and vi elements such as ge sb and te exhibit distinctive liquid-state features including thermodynamic anomalies and unusual dynamical properties which are believed to play a key role in their fast and reversible crystallization behavior |
the central density of hii regions correlates well with the surface | brightness | surface brightness | the central density of hii regions correlates well with the surface brightness within the effective radius |
using score matching within a corresponding | diffusion | diffusion models | using score matching within a corresponding diffusion model we obtain an estimator of the bayesian posterior mathbb p x mid y in this setup |
while large language models llms have demonstrated remarkable performance across various reasoning tasks their ability to handle | normative | normative reasoning | while large language models llms have demonstrated remarkable performance across various reasoning tasks their ability to handle normative reasoning remains underexplored |
while existing machine learning algorithms can achieve strong accuracy on this task most models are uninterpretable and cannot | justify | machine learning | while existing machine learning algorithms can achieve strong accuracy on this task most models are uninterpretable and cannot justify their conclusions |
prior research examined how llms alter user views yet little work extended beyond one-way influence to address how user input can affect | llm | models llms | prior research examined how llms alter user views yet little work extended beyond one-way influence to address how user input can affect llm responses and how such bi-directional influence manifests throughout the multi-turn conversations |
we formalize the separation of perception and decision define perceptual properties independent of objectives or reparameterizations and prove that pel updates | preserving | reward models | we formalize the separation of perception and decision define perceptual properties independent of objectives or reparameterizations and prove that pel updates preserving sufficient invariants are orthogonal to bayes task-risk gradients |
the local quadratic convergence for strongly convex functions with lipschitz continuous hessians and for self-concordant | functions | superlinear convergence | the local quadratic convergence for strongly convex functions with lipschitz continuous hessians and for self-concordant functions is established and confirmed empirically |
the inability to generalize across unseen contexts limits the deployment of vision-based applications in | dynamic | vision-language models vlms | the inability to generalize across unseen contexts limits the deployment of vision-based applications in dynamic unstructured settings |
among tuning mechanisms all-optical coherent control stands out because it requires no material or geometric | change | optical interference | among tuning mechanisms all-optical coherent control stands out because it requires no material or geometric change enabling ultrafast low-energy interference-based modulation of amplitude phase and polarization in ultrathin devices |
the utility of mgps depends on the choice of | predictive | predictive performance | the utility of mgps depends on the choice of predictive rule yet the literature has offered few compelling examples |
the evolution of the group sizes can be mapped to a | randomized | group size | the evolution of the group sizes can be mapped to a randomized p olya urn model |
this is formulated as a bilevel optimization problem the inner optimization solves the qp under a given | projection | quadratic programming | this is formulated as a bilevel optimization problem the inner optimization solves the qp under a given projection using a qp solver while the outer optimization updates the model parameters |
recent advances in visual question answering vqa have demonstrated impressive performance in natural image domains with models like llava leveraging large | language | vision-language models vlms | recent advances in visual question answering vqa have demonstrated impressive performance in natural image domains with models like llava leveraging large language models llms for open-ended reasoning |
additionally we connect for the first time the chromosome diagram to the two-stream age-metallicity relation allowing us to link the p1 and p2 | stars | stellar mass | additionally we connect for the first time the chromosome diagram to the two-stream age-metallicity relation allowing us to link the p1 and p2 stars to the distinct star formation tracks proposed to be in-situ and ex-situ contributions to the cluster s assembly |
we optimize the cavity-waveguide interface to minimize photon losses and demonstrate that its adjustment allows precise tuning of the | light-matter | light-matter interactions | we optimize the cavity-waveguide interface to minimize photon losses and demonstrate that its adjustment allows precise tuning of the light-matter interaction |
mathematical framework for epidemic dynamics optimal | control | optimal control | mathematical framework for epidemic dynamics optimal control and global sensitivity analysis |
in this work we propose a new inferential framework for | autocorrelation | time series | in this work we propose a new inferential framework for autocorrelation in time series data under frequent mean shifts |
this paper explores unsupervised anomaly detection uad as an independent upstream filtering | mechanism | anomaly detection | this paper explores unsupervised anomaly detection uad as an independent upstream filtering mechanism to improve robustness |
numerical results show that our approach significantly reduces the impact of stragglers and accelerates convergence | compared | computationally efficient | numerical results show that our approach significantly reduces the impact of stragglers and accelerates convergence compared to existing methods |
this study aims to analyze the impact of expanding the search space of the optimization phase and the robustness of the adaptability of the detector in identifying edges of a set of natural | images | image fusion | this study aims to analyze the impact of expanding the search space of the optimization phase and the robustness of the adaptability of the detector in identifying edges of a set of natural images and specialized subsets extracted from the same image set |
in thin agn discs this condition is satisfied for most | stellar-mass | stellar mass function | in thin agn discs this condition is satisfied for most stellar-mass or more massive cos |
the average responded probability that our | vacuum | vacuum decay | the average responded probability that our vacuum is metastable was 45 |
this observation reduces irl to two off-the-shelf supervised | learning | debiased machine learning | this observation reduces irl to two off-the-shelf supervised learning problems probabilistic classification to estimate the behavior policy and iterative regression to solve the fixed point |
assessment of the conditional exchangeability assumption in | causal | causal effect | assessment of the conditional exchangeability assumption in causal machine learning models a simulation study |
there are two major approaches in policy learning the empirical | welfare | policy optimization | there are two major approaches in policy learning the empirical welfare maximization ewm approach and the plug-in approach |
in this work we propose a strategy that exploits the principles of non-hermitian physics--specifically the concept of exceptional points eps --to transcend these limitations and pave the way for the next generation of versatile high-performance | photonic | photonic circuits | in this work we propose a strategy that exploits the principles of non-hermitian physics--specifically the concept of exceptional points eps --to transcend these limitations and pave the way for the next generation of versatile high-performance photonic devices |
additionally the refined annotation guidelines increase agreement among different | llm | models llms | additionally the refined annotation guidelines increase agreement among different llm models |
unravelling the mechanisms of manipulating numbers in | language | large language | unravelling the mechanisms of manipulating numbers in language models |
this framework can be applied to policy evaluation using the panel data approach pda where we further establish inference for the | average | treatment effect | this framework can be applied to policy evaluation using the panel data approach pda where we further establish inference for the average treatment effect |
these disentangled low-dimensional representations are observed in multiple brain areas and across different species and are typically the result of a process of abstraction that | supports | abstract representations | these disentangled low-dimensional representations are observed in multiple brain areas and across different species and are typically the result of a process of abstraction that supports simple forms of out-of-distribution generalization |
we use molecular dynamics to simulate collision cascades in nanocrystalline iron and compare these to collision | cascades | molecular dynamics | we use molecular dynamics to simulate collision cascades in nanocrystalline iron and compare these to collision cascades in initially defect free single crystals |
network nonlocality a recently noted form of nonlocality has been shown to have distinctive features marking a significant departure from the notion of standard bell | nonlocality | quantum mechanics | network nonlocality a recently noted form of nonlocality has been shown to have distinctive features marking a significant departure from the notion of standard bell nonlocality in the context of quantum correlations |
how the coupling of green finance and green technology | innovation | green finance | how the coupling of green finance and green technology innovation affect synergistic effect of pollution and emission carbon reduction evidence from china |
further we found high agreement among five proxy | llms | models llms | further we found high agreement among five proxy llms while each individual llm had low correlation with users evaluations |
we study the impact of two human-machine teaming strategies on proxy construction 1 relevance-first | humans | human-machine teaming | we study the impact of two human-machine teaming strategies on proxy construction 1 relevance-first humans leading the process by selecting relevant proxies and 2 performance-first machines leading the process by recommending proxies based on predictive performance |
our work provides a framework for determining when | fitness | evolutionary dynamics | our work provides a framework for determining when fitness inference is feasible from population-wide whole-genome time-stratified data and highlights settings where it is not |
these intervals cover out-of-sample realizations of the outcome variable with a pre-specified probability providing a way to | assess | confidence intervals | these intervals cover out-of-sample realizations of the outcome variable with a pre-specified probability providing a way to assess predictive uncertainty beyond point prediction |
viral replication occurs in several stages and the completion time for each stage varies due to differences in the | cellular | viral replication | viral replication occurs in several stages and the completion time for each stage varies due to differences in the cellular environment |
while successful in language and vision their adoption in | eeg | human brain | while successful in language and vision their adoption in eeg has lagged due to the heterogeneity of public datasets which are collected under varying protocols devices and electrode configurations |
exploring liveability profiles and active | travel | human mobility | exploring liveability profiles and active travel patterns in london |
collective adaptation whether in innovation adoption pro-environmental or organizational change emerges from the interplay between | individual | collective action | collective adaptation whether in innovation adoption pro-environmental or organizational change emerges from the interplay between individual decisions and social influence |
a closed-form approximation-free control law is derived to ensure that each agent remains within its evolving stt thereby avoiding dynamic | obstacles | dynamic obstacles | a closed-form approximation-free control law is derived to ensure that each agent remains within its evolving stt thereby avoiding dynamic obstacles while also preventing inter-agent collisions in a socially aware manner and reaching the target within a prescribed time |
accurate estimation of sea ice drift is critical for arctic | navigation | sea ice | accurate estimation of sea ice drift is critical for arctic navigation climate research and operational forecasting |
part of the computational efficiency is realized in that the nonlinearity can be | expressed | spectral efficiency | part of the computational efficiency is realized in that the nonlinearity can be expressed as the fast fourier transform fft of samples of its forward scattering parameter i |
we propose methodology to estimate the causal | effect | causal effect | we propose methodology to estimate the causal effect in the target domain where we assume to observe only the proxy variable |
59 which is exponentially worse than the best known lower | bound | upper bound | 59 which is exponentially worse than the best known lower bound of omega log m log log m by ashlagi et al |
our study addresses the challenges inherent in calculating mixed fermion-boson systems and explores the potential of quantum | computing | quantum coherence | our study addresses the challenges inherent in calculating mixed fermion-boson systems and explores the potential of quantum computing to advance their analysis |
we thus suggest a sparsely interacting collective of | cross-supervising | artificial neural | we thus suggest a sparsely interacting collective of cross-supervising networks as an algorithmic framework for representational learning and collective computation in the brain |
concretely catg explicitly models the flow | matching | flow matching | concretely catg explicitly models the flow matching process which inherently mitigates mode collapse and allows for flexible guidance from various conditioning signals |
for three decades statistical physics has been providing a framework to analyse | neural | neural network | for three decades statistical physics has been providing a framework to analyse neural networks |
results inverted u-shaped associations between csf a beta and functional | connectivity | brain regions | results inverted u-shaped associations between csf a beta and functional connectivity were observed in the precuneus network and ventral default mode network dmn but not in the dorsal dmn indicating network-specific vulnerability to early amyloid pathology |
as urban systems mature this growth advantage fades and | cities | large cities | as urban systems mature this growth advantage fades and cities of all sizes grow at similar rates |
effect of an auditory static distractor on the | perception | visual stimuli | effect of an auditory static distractor on the perception of an auditory moving target |
this paper also considers energy consumption in the path | planning | motion planning | this paper also considers energy consumption in the path planning of automated guided vehicles agvs |
one of the key challenges in achieving this goal is to enable these systems to | manipulate | tool usage | one of the key challenges in achieving this goal is to enable these systems to manipulate objects and tools in a manner that is similar to that of humans |
it is shown however that under control gain variation the safe set of these controllers is locally asymptotically stable which implies that their safety is sensitive to large but | bounded | bounded disturbances | it is shown however that under control gain variation the safe set of these controllers is locally asymptotically stable which implies that their safety is sensitive to large but bounded disturbances |
we evaluate infoflow on multiple agentic search benchmarks where it significantly outperforms strong baselines enabling lightweight | llms | large language models llms | we evaluate infoflow on multiple agentic search benchmarks where it significantly outperforms strong baselines enabling lightweight llms to achieve performance comparable to advanced proprietary llms |
5 a large-scale multimodal world model that | natively | large language | 5 a large-scale multimodal world model that natively predicts the next state across vision and language |
we describe how weak phase modulations applied to classical coherent light in specially modified | linear | nonlinear optical | we describe how weak phase modulations applied to classical coherent light in specially modified linear interferometers can be used to perform primitive computational tasks |
the analysis is carried out using the surface density | derived | surface brightness | the analysis is carried out using the surface density derived from 1 |
automated control strategy for setting and stabilization of | photonic | coherent control | automated control strategy for setting and stabilization of photonic circuits |
this article studies people interactions with groups and the emergence of | group | group size | this article studies people interactions with groups and the emergence of group proxemics |
because observational inputs may be biased in ways unknown ex ante we develop a | minimax | minimax risk | because observational inputs may be biased in ways unknown ex ante we develop a minimax proportional regret objective that evaluates any candidate design relative to an oracle that knows the bias and jointly chooses the design and estimator |
across 7 datasets wimhf identifies a small number of human-interpretable features that account for the majority of the | preference | preference optimization | across 7 datasets wimhf identifies a small number of human-interpretable features that account for the majority of the preference prediction signal achieved by black-box models |
consciousness natural and artificial an evolutionary advantage for | reasoning | cognitive science | consciousness natural and artificial an evolutionary advantage for reasoning on reactive substrates |
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