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the waterbed effect on quasiperiodic disturbance | observer | bounded disturbances | the waterbed effect on quasiperiodic disturbance observer avoidance of sensitivity tradeoff with time delays |
inference latency stands as a critical bottleneck in the large-scale deployment of large | language | large language models llms | inference latency stands as a critical bottleneck in the large-scale deployment of large language models llms |
across 125 participants we found that interactive interfaces | significantly | user experience | across 125 participants we found that interactive interfaces significantly improved performance |
to this end we compare different representation extraction strategies and introduce two model-agnostic | embedding | representation learning | to this end we compare different representation extraction strategies and introduce two model-agnostic embedding augmentations |
to solve this high-dimensional non-convex problem under uncertain channels we develop a deep | reinforcement | deep reinforcement | to solve this high-dimensional non-convex problem under uncertain channels we develop a deep reinforcement learning solution framework based on the proximal policy optimization ppo algorithm that integrates distribution-aware action modeling and a multi-branch actor network |
for dyck edit distance our reduction incurs only polylogarithmic overheads in approximation and | update | tree edit distance | for dyck edit distance our reduction incurs only polylogarithmic overheads in approximation and update time yielding an n o 1 -approximation with n o 1 updates |
through a comprehensive evaluation across various | configurations | multilingual data | through a comprehensive evaluation across various configurations we demonstrate that the system effectively performs diacritization without relying on complex explicit linguistic analysis |
our findings reveal that while current video models demonstrate promising reasoning patterns on short-horizon spatial coherence fine-grained grounding and locally consistent dynamics they remain limited in long-horizon causal | reasoning | reasoning capabilities | our findings reveal that while current video models demonstrate promising reasoning patterns on short-horizon spatial coherence fine-grained grounding and locally consistent dynamics they remain limited in long-horizon causal reasoning strict geometric constraints and abstract logic |
fractalbrain presents an experience combining a surreal virtual | reality | virtual reality | fractalbrain presents an experience combining a surreal virtual reality vr program with an electroencephalogram eeg interface |
formulas for calculating the mean square errors and the spectral characteristics of the optimal linear estimate of the functional are derived in the case where the spectral | density | density estimation | formulas for calculating the mean square errors and the spectral characteristics of the optimal linear estimate of the functional are derived in the case where the spectral density matrices are exactly known |
the ability to accurately interpret implied meanings plays a crucial | role | natural language | the ability to accurately interpret implied meanings plays a crucial role in human communication and language use and language models are also expected to possess this capability |
we investigate the gain margin of a general nonlinear system under an inverse optimal input-to-state safe issf controller of the form u u0 x u x u0 where u0 is the nominal control and u is the inverse | optimal | optimal control | we investigate the gain margin of a general nonlinear system under an inverse optimal input-to-state safe issf controller of the form u u0 x u x u0 where u0 is the nominal control and u is the inverse optimal safety filter that minimally modifies the nominal controller s unsafe actions over the infinite horizon |
revisiting generative infrared and visible image | fusion | image fusion | revisiting generative infrared and visible image fusion based on human cognitive laws |
under this assumption we establish identification and derive a uniform | confidence | confidence intervals | under this assumption we establish identification and derive a uniform confidence band for the extrapolated treatment effects |
it also introduces a behavior-normalized modified | crash | crash risk | it also introduces a behavior-normalized modified crash risk mrc formula to account for pedestrians habitual risk-taking behavior |
the emergence of hidden spin polarization in centrosymmetric nonmagnetic crystals due to local | symmetry | spin-momentum locking | the emergence of hidden spin polarization in centrosymmetric nonmagnetic crystals due to local symmetry breaking has created new opportunities for potential spintronic applications and for enhancing our understanding of mechanisms to electrically manipulate spin-related phenomena |
the composite loss integrates data fidelity dynamical residuals and barrier-based physical constraints | derived | loss functions | the composite loss integrates data fidelity dynamical residuals and barrier-based physical constraints derived from kramers escape theory |
contribution of task-irrelevant stimuli to | drift | recurrent neural | contribution of task-irrelevant stimuli to drift of neural representations |
identifying and addressing security issues during the | early | security issues | identifying and addressing security issues during the early phase of the development lifecycle is critical for mitigating the long-term negative impacts on software systems |
our work establishes a new framework for mobility simulation paving the way for fine-grained data-driven studies of | human | mobility networks | our work establishes a new framework for mobility simulation paving the way for fine-grained data-driven studies of human behavior and its societal implications |
reconstructing evolutionary histories and estimating the rate of evolution from molecular sequence data is of central importance in | evolutionary | phylogenetic diversity | reconstructing evolutionary histories and estimating the rate of evolution from molecular sequence data is of central importance in evolutionary biology and infectious disease research |
our general interaction framework which reduces to several previously studied | models | quantum walk | our general interaction framework which reduces to several previously studied models as special cases provides a versatile platform for engineering quantum correlations with applications in quantum simulation state preparation and sensing protocols |
inspired by the structure and function of biological cognition this paper introduces the concept of neurocognitive-inspired intelligence nii a hybrid approach that combines neuroscience | cognitive | surrogate brain | inspired by the structure and function of biological cognition this paper introduces the concept of neurocognitive-inspired intelligence nii a hybrid approach that combines neuroscience cognitive science computer vision and ai to develop more general adaptive and robust intelligent systems capable of rapid learning learning from less data and leveraging prior experience |
in this paper we introduce a new sampling algorithm built on a general k th-order | langevin | langevin dynamics | in this paper we introduce a new sampling algorithm built on a general k th-order langevin dynamics extending beyond second- and third-order methods |
orchvis advances human-centered design for multi-agent | systems | ai agents | orchvis advances human-centered design for multi-agent systems by combining transparent visualization with adaptive autonomy |
hence we divide the main problem into two sub-problems the antenna activation sub-problem and the | power | transmit power | hence we divide the main problem into two sub-problems the antenna activation sub-problem and the power allocation sub-problem |
public discourse emerges from the interplay between individuals willingness to voice their | opinions | opinion dynamics | public discourse emerges from the interplay between individuals willingness to voice their opinions and the structural features of the social networks in which they are embedded |
5ev a transition from a long to a short transport regime is forced by an absorption depth reduction to below 100nm and both mte signals exhibit spectral trends consistent with phonon-mediated fc emission if the polaron formation self-energy is included in the initial photoexcited | electron | photoemission spectroscopy | 5ev a transition from a long to a short transport regime is forced by an absorption depth reduction to below 100nm and both mte signals exhibit spectral trends consistent with phonon-mediated fc emission if the polaron formation self-energy is included in the initial photoexcited electron thermalization |
these individuals contribute to the spread of the epidemic and pose a significant challenge to public | health | public health | these individuals contribute to the spread of the epidemic and pose a significant challenge to public health policies |
this paper studies nonparametric local over- identification in the sense of chen and santos 2018 and the associated semiparametric efficiency in modern | causal | causal effects | this paper studies nonparametric local over- identification in the sense of chen and santos 2018 and the associated semiparametric efficiency in modern causal frameworks |
eventually we obtain a polynomial-time reduction of asymmetric a priori tsp to a problem of finding a path in an acyclic digraph | minimizing | polynomial time | eventually we obtain a polynomial-time reduction of asymmetric a priori tsp to a problem of finding a path in an acyclic digraph minimizing a particular objective function for which we give an o log n -approximation algorithm in quasi-polynomial time |
these results highlight the substantial room for improvement and underscore the | challenges | models llms | these results highlight the substantial room for improvement and underscore the challenges of applying llms in education |
recent advances in representation learning reveal that widely used objectives such as | contrastive | representation learning | recent advances in representation learning reveal that widely used objectives such as contrastive and non-contrastive implicitly perform spectral decomposition of a contextual kernel induced by the relationship between inputs and their contexts |
the competition format makes it possible to evaluate overtaking and wheel-to-wheel | racing | wheel-to-wheel racing | the competition format makes it possible to evaluate overtaking and wheel-to-wheel racing algorithms against the state-of-the-art |
results from perturbation theory along with lyapunov stability and eigen-spectrum analysis are used to prove the | convergence | convergence rate | results from perturbation theory along with lyapunov stability and eigen-spectrum analysis are used to prove the convergence towards the optimal case |
in the present study we introduce and characterize network | nonlocality | network nonlocality | in the present study we introduce and characterize network nonlocality breaking channels |
we note that all the main predictions on galaxy quenched fractions and smbh growth histories and scaling relations are degenerate with those expected in a halo | quenching | galaxy cgm | we note that all the main predictions on galaxy quenched fractions and smbh growth histories and scaling relations are degenerate with those expected in a halo quenching model |
transfer learning which leverages relevant data-abundant source domains to assist learning in data-scarce target | domains | continual learning | transfer learning which leverages relevant data-abundant source domains to assist learning in data-scarce target domains has shown efficacy |
an analogous relaxation in the lower energy singlet state using | spin | spin-momentum locking | an analogous relaxation in the lower energy singlet state using spin purified atomic forces is estimated to be 0 |
the external validity of regression discontinuity | rd | external validity | the external validity of regression discontinuity rd designs is essential for informing policy and remains an active research area in econometrics and statistics |
joint uplink and downlink resource allocation and antenna activation for | pinching | pinching antenna | joint uplink and downlink resource allocation and antenna activation for pinching antenna systems |
we study a weighting estimator that sets weights by a minimax procedure solving a convex | optimization | policy optimization | we study a weighting estimator that sets weights by a minimax procedure solving a convex optimization problem that trades off worst-case conditional bias against variance |
classical metrics such as the colless and sackin indices quantify | tree | phylogenetic diversity | classical metrics such as the colless and sackin indices quantify tree imbalance and have been extensively used to characterize phylogenies |
in this work we study data-driven stabilization of linear time-invariant systems using | prior | data-driven stabilization | in this work we study data-driven stabilization of linear time-invariant systems using prior knowledge of system-theoretic properties specifically stabilizability and controllability |
despite orders-of-magnitude differences in size and metabolic rate we show that the time to initiate | adaptive | adaptive immune | despite orders-of-magnitude differences in size and metabolic rate we show that the time to initiate adaptive immunity is remarkably consistent across species |
here we show that the magnetic properties of mnps3 can be tailored through the intercalation of | different | magnetic properties | here we show that the magnetic properties of mnps3 can be tailored through the intercalation of different guest molecules |
we investigate how peer pressure influences the opinions of large language model llm agents across a spectrum of cognitive commitments by embedding them in social networks where they update | opinions | opinion dynamics | we investigate how peer pressure influences the opinions of large language model llm agents across a spectrum of cognitive commitments by embedding them in social networks where they update opinions based on peer perspectives |
here we present resmatching a novel csr method that uses guided conditional | flow | flow matching | here we present resmatching a novel csr method that uses guided conditional flow matching to learn such improved data-priors |
to address this tension a coach-like llm environment was developed that embodies divergent and convergent | thinking | llm responses | to address this tension a coach-like llm environment was developed that embodies divergent and convergent thinking personas as two complementary processes |
in this work we propose a general hierarchical motion modeling method that learns structured interpretable | motion | action recognition | in this work we propose a general hierarchical motion modeling method that learns structured interpretable motion relationships directly from data |
structured tree representations derived from raw database tables guide llm-based | task | reasoning tasks | structured tree representations derived from raw database tables guide llm-based task generation followed by interaction-oriented filtering and expert validation |
finally we present a proof-of-principle simulation on the ibm quantum experience platform realizing a quantum switch of two measurement | channels | quantum networks | finally we present a proof-of-principle simulation on the ibm quantum experience platform realizing a quantum switch of two measurement channels with tunable strengths and experimentally confirming the predicted efficiency enhancement enabled by correlation-assisted superposed causal order |
self-supervised learning ssl holds a great deal of promise for applications in neuroscience due to the lack of | large-scale | fmri data | self-supervised learning ssl holds a great deal of promise for applications in neuroscience due to the lack of large-scale consistently labeled neural datasets |
through extensive experimentation with state-of-the-art classical | simulation | numerical simulations | through extensive experimentation with state-of-the-art classical simulation strategies we identify a clear gap between classical and quantum runtimes |
gravothermal collapse of self-interacting dark-matter | halos | dark matter | gravothermal collapse of self-interacting dark-matter halos with anisotropic velocity distributions |
inspired by the success of direct preference optimization dpo we show that one can train a | generative | generative models | inspired by the success of direct preference optimization dpo we show that one can train a generative model with noisy simple utility values directly computed from observations to then form proposal distributions whose densities are proportional to the expected utility i |
while recent breakthroughs in computer vision cv and artificial intelligence ai have driven remarkable progress the field still faces a critical challenge as knowledge remains fragmented across multimodal perception contextual | reasoning | vision-language models | while recent breakthroughs in computer vision cv and artificial intelligence ai have driven remarkable progress the field still faces a critical challenge as knowledge remains fragmented across multimodal perception contextual reasoning and cooperative intelligence |
we use land-use and land-use-intensity change scenarios produced previously using the ipbes nature futures framework to support the achievement of conservation objectives as well as | climate | land use | we use land-use and land-use-intensity change scenarios produced previously using the ipbes nature futures framework to support the achievement of conservation objectives as well as climate change scenarios in order to project the future of biodiversity pressures in europe up to 2050 |
for the practical computation we develop a gradient-descent | algorithm | gradient descent | for the practical computation we develop a gradient-descent algorithm based on artificial iterates that employs an exact computation for the arising conditional expectations thereby eliminating costly monte carlo sampling |
the proposed approach provides formal guarantees on safety and timing and is computationally lightweight model-free and | robust | predictive control | the proposed approach provides formal guarantees on safety and timing and is computationally lightweight model-free and robust to unknown disturbances |
we present one algorithm under each methodology the first operates prior to prediction selecting a custom object | network | deep network | we present one algorithm under each methodology the first operates prior to prediction selecting a custom object network to use based on the identified background scene and the second operates after detection fusing scene knowledge into initial object scores output by the rpn |
this work enables us to model the robot s collapse behavior in any open | environment | dynamic obstacles | this work enables us to model the robot s collapse behavior in any open environment and understand the parameters it needs to succeed in 3d navigation tasks |
i show that under independence assumptions vars can identify average treatment effects | average | average treatment effect | i show that under independence assumptions vars can identify average treatment effects average causal responses or a mix of the two depending on the distribution of the policy |
this study presents five effects that augment the appearance of a | physical | virtual reality | this study presents five effects that augment the appearance of a physical room to subtly encourage user motion |
x-ray and variability selected agn have higher average star formation | rates | star clusters | x-ray and variability selected agn have higher average star formation rates than those selected with optical narrow line spectroscopic diagrams |
here we demonstrate that quantum and classical descriptions generally yield different results for the spontaneous | emission | spontaneous emission | here we demonstrate that quantum and classical descriptions generally yield different results for the spontaneous emission in nanophotonic cavities |
unmanned aerial vehicles uavs with their airborne full-sample continuous trajectory observation bring new opportunities for | traffic | traffic states | unmanned aerial vehicles uavs with their airborne full-sample continuous trajectory observation bring new opportunities for traffic state estimation |
in this environment second-order minimizing methods such as the conjugate | gradient | accelerated gradient | in this environment second-order minimizing methods such as the conjugate gradient cg give a guaranteed superlinear convergence |
driven by sub-100 fs pulses with approximately 200 pj | pulse | pulsed laser | driven by sub-100 fs pulses with approximately 200 pj pulse energy the generated mid-infrared light covers wavelengths from 3200 to 4800 nm |
federated learning fl has emerged as a key paradigm for collaborative model training across multiple | clients | federated learning | federated learning fl has emerged as a key paradigm for collaborative model training across multiple clients without sharing raw data enabling privacy-preserving applications in areas such as radiology and pathology |
simulated galaxies with higher halo masses higher median cgm gas density and higher star formation | rates | star formation rates | simulated galaxies with higher halo masses higher median cgm gas density and higher star formation rates produce brighter and more widespread o vi emission in their cgm |
the model achieved a classification accuracy exceeding previous cnn and lstm-based | approaches | deep learning | the model achieved a classification accuracy exceeding previous cnn and lstm-based approaches and was benchmarked against a temporal convolutional network tcn baseline |
many existing genuine multipartite entanglement gme witnesses for continuous-variable cv quantum systems typically rely on quadrature measurements which is challenging to implement in platforms where the cv degrees of freedom can be indirectly accessed only through | qubit | qubit readout | many existing genuine multipartite entanglement gme witnesses for continuous-variable cv quantum systems typically rely on quadrature measurements which is challenging to implement in platforms where the cv degrees of freedom can be indirectly accessed only through qubit readouts |
discovering causal relationships using proxy variables under | unmeasured | causal inference | discovering causal relationships using proxy variables under unmeasured confounding |
we also show that our novel cutting-plane | algorithm | efficiently solving | we also show that our novel cutting-plane algorithm enables the solution of very large mga problems with integer investment decisions |
there are two major approaches in policy learning the empirical | welfare | policy evaluation | there are two major approaches in policy learning the empirical welfare maximization ewm approach and the plug-in approach |
understanding and modeling human mobility is central to challenges in transport planning sustainable | urban | travel information | understanding and modeling human mobility is central to challenges in transport planning sustainable urban design and public health |
we then evaluate the impact of heuristic support adaptation on parameter inference and policy | learning | optimal control | we then evaluate the impact of heuristic support adaptation on parameter inference and policy learning for a dynamic deformable linear object dlo manipulation task |
we develop a stochastic variational expectation-maximization | algorithm | gradient descent | we develop a stochastic variational expectation-maximization algorithm to jointly optimize the neural and probabilistic components |
we compare these models in terms of theoretical properties | optimization | machine learning | we compare these models in terms of theoretical properties optimization strategies and empirical performance and discuss applications in fields such as computer vision natural language processing and bioinformatics |
26 10 1 m _ sun yr -1 kpc -2 our results indicate a rapid building of inner stellar mass and | bulge | stellar mass function | 26 10 1 m _ sun yr -1 kpc -2 our results indicate a rapid building of inner stellar mass and bulge assembly within these young systems |
in addition such data could also be used to improve the training of both pathologists and ai | systems | ai assistance | in addition such data could also be used to improve the training of both pathologists and ai systems that might support human experts |
interestingly we reveal that the beam pattern not only captures the receiver s location information but also implicitly encodes the spatial relationship between the receiver and obstacle which facilitates identifying the optimal airy | beam | near-field beam | interestingly we reveal that the beam pattern not only captures the receiver s location information but also implicitly encodes the spatial relationship between the receiver and obstacle which facilitates identifying the optimal airy beam configuration |
the phylogenetic diversity pd of a set of species a is the total weight of edges that are on any path between the root of the | phylogenetic | phylogenetic diversity | the phylogenetic diversity pd of a set of species a is the total weight of edges that are on any path between the root of the phylogenetic tree and a species in a |
for maximal matching our techniques further allow us to establish a strong separation between the node-averaged complexity and worst-case complexity of maximal matching in regular | graphs | regular graphs | for maximal matching our techniques further allow us to establish a strong separation between the node-averaged complexity and worst-case complexity of maximal matching in regular graphs by showing that the former is only o 1 |
this research proposes the use of two separate | distributions | income distribution | this research proposes the use of two separate distributions to more accurately represent the overall data rather than relying on a single distribution |
manipulation in cluttered environments is challenging due to spatial dependencies among objects where an improper | manipulation | manipulation ordering | manipulation in cluttered environments is challenging due to spatial dependencies among objects where an improper manipulation order can cause collisions or blocked access |
in this paper we estimate host galaxy properties from | spectral | spectral energy distribution | in this paper we estimate host galaxy properties from spectral energy distribution models |
in the cold dark environments of pre-stellar cores where the temperatures are below 10 k ne can condense onto the surface of | interstellar | galactic nuclei | in the cold dark environments of pre-stellar cores where the temperatures are below 10 k ne can condense onto the surface of interstellar grains |
5 kv while the field-plate pt 011 b eta -ga2o3 sbds achieved an increased | breakdown | breakdown voltage | 5 kv while the field-plate pt 011 b eta -ga2o3 sbds achieved an increased breakdown voltage of 2 |
controllers designed using an accurate model is | robust | control strategy | controllers designed using an accurate model is robust against disturbance and small mismatch between the physical setup and the mathematical model derived from first principles while a poor model results in a controller that performs well in simulation but fails in physical experiments |
rubin observatory around spiral galaxy m61 ngc 4303 in virgo first | look | milky way | rubin observatory around spiral galaxy m61 ngc 4303 in virgo first look imaging |
this paper introduces cypress crop yield prediction via regression on prithvi s encoder for satellite sensing a | deep | deep learning | this paper introduces cypress crop yield prediction via regression on prithvi s encoder for satellite sensing a deep learning model designed for high-resolution intra-field canola yield prediction |
modern vision-language models vlms excel at many multimodal tasks yet their grasp of temporal information in video | remains | language agents | modern vision-language models vlms excel at many multimodal tasks yet their grasp of temporal information in video remains weak and crucially under-evaluated |
we train neural networks to compress perceptual and semantic factors of stimuli measuring lossiness using the | mathematical | recurrent neural networks | we train neural networks to compress perceptual and semantic factors of stimuli measuring lossiness using the mathematical framework underlying compression |
our solutions assume a constant star formation efficiency a constant mass-loading factor and that the yields are linearly dependent on the | interstellar | star-forming region | our solutions assume a constant star formation efficiency a constant mass-loading factor and that the yields are linearly dependent on the interstellar medium abundance with the option of a saturation of the yields at high metallicity |
based on this insight we formulate the blockage-resilient beam training task as a multitask learning problem and propose a lightweight attention-based multi-parameter beam training network ampbt-net to jointly predict the angle distance and curvature parameters of the optimal airy beam based on the | beam | airy beam | based on this insight we formulate the blockage-resilient beam training task as a multitask learning problem and propose a lightweight attention-based multi-parameter beam training network ampbt-net to jointly predict the angle distance and curvature parameters of the optimal airy beam based on the beam pattern |
dynamic context-aware scene reasoning using vision-language alignment in | zero-shot | spatial reasoning | dynamic context-aware scene reasoning using vision-language alignment in zero-shot real-world scenarios |
we provide a comparison of qudit decompositions for several types of trapped | ions | trapped ions | we provide a comparison of qudit decompositions for several types of trapped ions specifically 171 text yb 137 text ba 40 text ca 86 text rb with different selection rules and also decomposition for superconducting qudits |
we model dust emission using the themis dust model with the soc radiative | transfer | radiative transfer | we model dust emission using the themis dust model with the soc radiative transfer code |
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