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a linear convergence rate is also obtained under the strong | monotonicity | point convergence | a linear convergence rate is also obtained under the strong monotonicity assumption |
interpreting llms as credit risk classifiers do their | feature | llm raters | interpreting llms as credit risk classifiers do their feature explanations align with classical ml |
our framework unifies riesz regression for automatic | debiased | machine learning | our framework unifies riesz regression for automatic debiased machine learning covariate balancing targeted maximum likelihood estimation tmle and density-ratio estimation |
to our knowledge this is the first paper to obtain explicit policies for | spatial | expansion planning | to our knowledge this is the first paper to obtain explicit policies for spatial resource extraction with nonlinear growth and a fortiori closed-form markov equilibria on general networks |
magnetic phase transitions between ordered | phases | phase transition | magnetic phase transitions between ordered phases are often understood on the basis of semi-classical spin models |
in this work we answer it positively by providing both computational and statistical | convergence | convergence rate | in this work we answer it positively by providing both computational and statistical convergence guarantees of sgd |
consider the setting in which a researcher is interested in the causal effect of a treatment z on a duration | time | treatment effect boundaries | consider the setting in which a researcher is interested in the causal effect of a treatment z on a duration time t which is subject to right censoring |
while low-altitude uncrewed aerial vehicles uavs employed with wireless | power | transmit power | while low-altitude uncrewed aerial vehicles uavs employed with wireless power transfer wpt capabilities offer a promising solution the line-of-sight channels that facilitate efficient energy delivery also expose sensitive operational data to adversaries |
we also leverage foundation models to propose a new concept-consistency metric c 2 -score that can be | used | foundation models | we also leverage foundation models to propose a new concept-consistency metric c 2 -score that can be used to evaluate concept-based methods |
interpreting visual observations and natural | language | multi-goal visual | interpreting visual observations and natural language instructions for complex task execution remains a key challenge in robotics and ai |
we find evidence that the dispersion in the bulge mz r is influenced by both stellar accretion from satellites and migration from the disk such that at a fixed bulge mass bulges with higher fraction of accreted and migrated | stars | bulge stars | we find evidence that the dispersion in the bulge mz r is influenced by both stellar accretion from satellites and migration from the disk such that at a fixed bulge mass bulges with higher fraction of accreted and migrated stars tend to be less metal-rich |
our results indicate that although llms generally adhere to valid reasoning patterns they exhibit notable inconsistencies in specific types of | normative | llm inference | our results indicate that although llms generally adhere to valid reasoning patterns they exhibit notable inconsistencies in specific types of normative reasoning and display cognitive biases similar to those observed in psychological studies of human reasoning |
we propose a data-driven framework for efficiently solving quadratic | programming | dynamic programming | we propose a data-driven framework for efficiently solving quadratic programming qp problems by reducing the number of variables in high-dimensional qps using instance-specific projection |
first when granular town-level case histories are unavailable network information especially | interactions | case histories | first when granular town-level case histories are unavailable network information especially interactions between macro incidence and a town s network position yields large out-of-sample gains predict-r2 rising from 0 |
simulation results show the superior performance of our approach in comparison to alternatives such as inverse | propensity | propensity score | simulation results show the superior performance of our approach in comparison to alternatives such as inverse propensity score estimators and double machine learning estimators in finite samples |
semantic representations emerge in biologically | inspired | neural representations | semantic representations emerge in biologically inspired ensembles of cross-supervising neural networks |
the literature provides a wide range of estimates for this parameter and j | frequently | instrumental variable | the literature provides a wide range of estimates for this parameter and j frequently rejects the null of valid instruments |
large language models llms have demonstrated exceptional | capabilities | vision-language models | large language models llms have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across multiple domains by leveraging massive pre-training and curated fine-tuning data |
popular piml approaches including neural operators physics-informed neural networks neural ordinary differential equations and | neural | reinforcement learning | popular piml approaches including neural operators physics-informed neural networks neural ordinary differential equations and neural discrete equilibria are typically fit to objectives that simultaneously include both data and physical constraints |
the state-of-the-art algorithms have much worse depth of n 1 2 o 1 rozho v n haeupler martinsson stoc 23 and | m | online algorithm | the state-of-the-art algorithms have much worse depth of n 1 2 o 1 rozho v n haeupler martinsson stoc 23 and m 1 o 1 respectively |
our findings identify magnetic tidal coupling as a novel strong-gravity effect and establish its importance for the resonant dynamics of | compact-object | tidal field | our findings identify magnetic tidal coupling as a novel strong-gravity effect and establish its importance for the resonant dynamics of compact-object binaries near smbhs |
we study diffusion on multiplex networks with directed | interlayer | multiplex networks | we study diffusion on multiplex networks with directed interlayer couplings |
we also find an emergent conservation law for both the 2 -dtc and df | phases | -dtc phases | we also find an emergent conservation law for both the 2 -dtc and df phases while dynamical conservation arises periodically for the 4 -dtc phases |
the prohibitive cost of evaluating large language models | llms | large language | the prohibitive cost of evaluating large language models llms on comprehensive benchmarks necessitates the creation of small yet representative data subsets i |
for example comparing two neural systems can shed light on the nature of emergent | computations | neural representations | for example comparing two neural systems can shed light on the nature of emergent computations in the brain and deep neural networks |
as a third alternative we propose artificial | intelligence | ai assistance | as a third alternative we propose artificial intelligence ai enabled representatives trained on individual shareholder preferences to act as proxies and vote on their behalf |
we find a relation between narrower degree distributions and longer loops in investigating the lengths of the shortest | loops | network structures | we find a relation between narrower degree distributions and longer loops in investigating the lengths of the shortest loops in various networks with continuously changing degree distributions including three typical types of realistic scale-free networks classical erd os-r enyi random graphs and regular networks |
in the proposed system the target illumination signal is transmitted on the downlink radar sub-band whereas uplink users | transmit | transmit power | in the proposed system the target illumination signal is transmitted on the downlink radar sub-band whereas uplink users transmit on the uplink communication sub-band |
however the uniquely strict requirements for high-fidelity qubit transmission complicate the extent to which classical solutions may apply to future quantum | networks | entanglement entropy | however the uniquely strict requirements for high-fidelity qubit transmission complicate the extent to which classical solutions may apply to future quantum networks particularly in terms of recognizing noise sources present in low-flux nonunitary channels |
bayesian optimization bo has the potential to solve various combinatorial tasks ranging from | materials | generative ai | bayesian optimization bo has the potential to solve various combinatorial tasks ranging from materials science to neural architecture search |
siraj diverse and efficient red-teaming for llm | agents | llm agents | siraj diverse and efficient red-teaming for llm agents via distilled structured reasoning |
this unified framework naturally reproduces the observed evolution of luminosity the core mass | function | stellar mass function | this unified framework naturally reproduces the observed evolution of luminosity the core mass function the mass growth of the most massive protostars and the dense gas star formation law on clump scales establishing a coherent picture of accelerating star formation across scales |
tidal disruption events with sph-exa resolving the | return | tidal disruption | tidal disruption events with sph-exa resolving the return of the stream |
these results highlight the significant room for improving the mathematical | reasoning | reasoning capabilities | these results highlight the significant room for improving the mathematical reasoning in current llms |
samples were subjected to varied thermal and vibrational conditions and their crystallization onset and morphological evolution were examined through optical microscopy scanning electron microscopy sem energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy eds and atomic force | microscopy | x-ray diffraction | samples were subjected to varied thermal and vibrational conditions and their crystallization onset and morphological evolution were examined through optical microscopy scanning electron microscopy sem energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy eds and atomic force microscopy afm |
a major problem in the study of large language models is to understand their inherent | low-dimensional | large language | a major problem in the study of large language models is to understand their inherent low-dimensional structure |
tuning magnetic anisotropy through chemical doping is a powerful strategy for designing functional materials with enhanced | magnetic | magnetic anisotropy | tuning magnetic anisotropy through chemical doping is a powerful strategy for designing functional materials with enhanced magnetic properties |
pre-trained forecasting models strong zero-shot feature extractors for time | series | time series classification | pre-trained forecasting models strong zero-shot feature extractors for time series classification |
the optimization problem aims to maximize the communication sum-rate which is critical for ensuring high-quality service to users while also maintaining accurate sensing performance for detection tasks and adhering to maximum | power | optimization problem | the optimization problem aims to maximize the communication sum-rate which is critical for ensuring high-quality service to users while also maintaining accurate sensing performance for detection tasks and adhering to maximum power constraints for efficient resource usage |
to capture the long-term dependency and complex dynamics of | eeg | brain activity | to capture the long-term dependency and complex dynamics of eeg we propose a hybrid encoder combining a mamba-like linear attention channel encoder and a spatiotemporal dynamics model |
we propose that these early bulge-disk galaxies represent progenitors of massive star-forming and | quiescent | massive stars | we propose that these early bulge-disk galaxies represent progenitors of massive star-forming and quiescent systems observed at lower redshifts |
in the online metric matching problem n servers and n requests lie in a | metric | online algorithm | in the online metric matching problem n servers and n requests lie in a metric space |
evolutionary game theory offers a general framework to study how behaviors evolve by | social | evolutionary game | evolutionary game theory offers a general framework to study how behaviors evolve by social learning in a population |
modelling and evaluating travel information during | disruptions | traffic dynamics | modelling and evaluating travel information during disruptions an illustrative example from swedish railways |
urban transportation networks are inherently vulnerable to | disruptions | human mobility | urban transportation networks are inherently vulnerable to disruptions that affect connectivity and passenger mobility |
however its reasoning still required careful supervision | particularly | prior knowledge | however its reasoning still required careful supervision particularly to correct subtle mistakes |
wavefront curvature and transverse atomic motion in time-resolved | atom | atom interferometry | wavefront curvature and transverse atomic motion in time-resolved atom interferometry impact and mitigation |
achieving high-fidelity compact rgbd imaging presents a dual challenge conventional compact optics struggle with rgb sharpness across the entire depth-of-field while software-only monocular depth | estimation | depth estimation | achieving high-fidelity compact rgbd imaging presents a dual challenge conventional compact optics struggle with rgb sharpness across the entire depth-of-field while software-only monocular depth estimation mde is an ill-posed problem reliant on unreliable semantic priors |
767 by feng niazadeh and saberi for unweighted | graphs | bipartite graphs | 767 by feng niazadeh and saberi for unweighted graphs whose second batch consists of independently arriving nodes |
we then show that this low-rank structure can be leveraged for generation -- in particular we can generate a response to a target prompt using a linear combination of the model s | outputs | generative models | we then show that this low-rank structure can be leveraged for generation -- in particular we can generate a response to a target prompt using a linear combination of the model s outputs on unrelated or even nonsensical prompts |
attncache accelerating self-attention inference for llm | prefill | llm post-training | attncache accelerating self-attention inference for llm prefill via attention cache |
group size effects and collective misalignment in llm | multi-agent | group size | group size effects and collective misalignment in llm multi-agent systems |
to address this gap we present a humanoid | visual-tactile-action | tactile sensors | to address this gap we present a humanoid visual-tactile-action dataset designed for manipulating deformable soft objects |
this approach yields significantly improved latent | representations | representation learning | this approach yields significantly improved latent representations that align closely with the true topology of the environment |
it also leads to the first non-trivial strongly | polynomial | strongly polynomial | it also leads to the first non-trivial strongly polynomial dynamic algorithm for minimum mean cycle |
according to current physics models if such a transition occurred in any location a region of true | vacuum | vacuum decay | according to current physics models if such a transition occurred in any location a region of true vacuum would propagate outward at near light speed destroying the accessible universe as we know it by deeply altering the effective physical laws |
this provides frequentist interpretations to mutual information and new | computational | computationally efficient | this provides frequentist interpretations to mutual information and new computational strategies for approximating it |
graph-theoretical mapping of resting-state | eeg | fmri data | graph-theoretical mapping of resting-state eeg reveals neural signatures of creativity |
linear regression with isotropic inputs and single-source | training | real-world datasets | linear regression with isotropic inputs and single-source training limiting their relevance to realistic settings |
to address these issues this study introduces the | human-ai | human-ai interaction | to address these issues this study introduces the human-ai re synergy model hare-sm a conceptual framework that integrates ai-driven analysis with human oversight to improve requirements elicitation analysis and validation |
chromium thin films deposited on silicon substrates by dc magnetron sputtering were systematically investigated as a function of film | thickness | film thickness | chromium thin films deposited on silicon substrates by dc magnetron sputtering were systematically investigated as a function of film thickness using a dc power of 50 w and a post-deposition annealing temperature of 200 c |
while many real scale-free networks are known to contain shorter loops such as triangles it remains to investigate the distributions of longer | loops | complex networks | while many real scale-free networks are known to contain shorter loops such as triangles it remains to investigate the distributions of longer loops in more wide class of networks |
to this end we introduce a novel metric for comparing both intrinsic | recurrent | recurrent neural networks | to this end we introduce a novel metric for comparing both intrinsic recurrent and input-driven dynamics called inputdsa idsa |
it can provide guidance to efficiently shape the free-electron wave function for a wide range of | quantum | quantum dot | it can provide guidance to efficiently shape the free-electron wave function for a wide range of quantum applications |
5 msun regime vary with environment defined as distance from the large-scale structure lss traced by nodes and filaments in the | cosmic | dark matter | 5 msun regime vary with environment defined as distance from the large-scale structure lss traced by nodes and filaments in the cosmic web |
specifically braincognizer introduces two modules the cognitive integration module which incorporates prior human knowledge to extract hierarchical region semantics and the | cognitive | brain-computer interface | specifically braincognizer introduces two modules the cognitive integration module which incorporates prior human knowledge to extract hierarchical region semantics and the cognitive correlation module which captures contextual semantic relationships across regions |
our findings suggest that ultrafast spin transport or dipolar interactions or a combination of both may | play | phase transition | our findings suggest that ultrafast spin transport or dipolar interactions or a combination of both may play essential roles in the switching process |
to evaluate tool-use rms we also introduce trbench _ bfcl a | benchmark | evaluation metrics | to evaluate tool-use rms we also introduce trbench _ bfcl a benchmark built on the agentic evaluation suite bfcl |
cosmological hydrodynamical simulations are essential tools for studying the formation and evolution of galaxies and their central | supermassive | black hole | cosmological hydrodynamical simulations are essential tools for studying the formation and evolution of galaxies and their central supermassive black holes |
within this framework we introduce the novel class-contextualized mixed | prompt | prompt tuning | within this framework we introduce the novel class-contextualized mixed prompt ccmp - based on class-specific prompts maintained alongside a globally shared prompt |
furthermore we develop a deterministic asynchronous algorithm that exactly identifies the optimal set of nodes through | asynchronous | randomized algorithm | furthermore we develop a deterministic asynchronous algorithm that exactly identifies the optimal set of nodes through asynchronous update operations and progressive refinement ensuring both efficiency and precision |
from unweighted to weighted dynamic matching in non-bipartite | graphs | bipartite graphs | from unweighted to weighted dynamic matching in non-bipartite graphs a low-loss reduction |
2024 develops riesz regression for automatic debiased machine learning which directly estimates the | riesz | riesz regression | 2024 develops riesz regression for automatic debiased machine learning which directly estimates the riesz representer or equivalently the bias-correction term by minimizing the mean squared error |
for example convolutional neural networks are able to achieve remarkable | image | image classification | for example convolutional neural networks are able to achieve remarkable image classification accuracy across a wide range of applications in industry defense and other areas |
the prior network generates coarse localization maps that delineate the approximate roi serving as spatial guidance for the dual | encoder | dual encoder | the prior network generates coarse localization maps that delineate the approximate roi serving as spatial guidance for the dual encoder network |
unifying regression-based and design-based causal inference in | time-series | time-series experiments | unifying regression-based and design-based causal inference in time-series experiments |
our findings provide actionable insights into how values are learned during post-training and help to inform data curation as well as the selection of models and algorithms for | preference | preference data | our findings provide actionable insights into how values are learned during post-training and help to inform data curation as well as the selection of models and algorithms for preference optimization to improve model alignment to human values |
through systematic dynamical systems analysis we reveal that rl spontaneously discovers hybrid | attractor | dynamical systems | through systematic dynamical systems analysis we reveal that rl spontaneously discovers hybrid attractor architectures combining stable fixed-point attractors for decision maintenance with quasi-periodic attractors for flexible evidence integration |
r3 adaptively samples training experience from diverse intersections with | environment | reinforcement learning | r3 adaptively samples training experience from diverse intersections with environment feedback-based priority and fine-tunes llm agents with a designed reward-weighted likelihood loss guiding reg-tsc toward high-reward policies across heterogeneous intersections |
a major problem in the study of large language models is to understand their inherent | low-dimensional | language models | a major problem in the study of large language models is to understand their inherent low-dimensional structure |
we revealed the fm-transition mechanism by showing that the difference in the local environment of each site is governed by cooperative evolution of spin correlations upon cooling giving rise to the | critical | phase transition | we revealed the fm-transition mechanism by showing that the difference in the local environment of each site is governed by cooperative evolution of spin correlations upon cooling giving rise to the critical phenomena |
we prove certain monotonicity properties of the optimal policy in the | state | state estimation | we prove certain monotonicity properties of the optimal policy in the state space mathcal s and identify classes of unreachable states |
enhancing the reachability of variational quantum | algorithms | open quantum | enhancing the reachability of variational quantum algorithms via input-state design |
these findings underline the importance of thoughtful avatar design in healthcare applications to enhance user | experience | user experience | these findings underline the importance of thoughtful avatar design in healthcare applications to enhance user experience and engagement |
to address these challenges we propose unifiedfl a dynamic | federated | federated learning | to address these challenges we propose unifiedfl a dynamic federated learning framework that represents heterogeneous local networks as nodes and edges in a directed model graph optimized by a shared graph neural network gnn |
our results suggest that multi-agent debate when coupled with physics-grounded feedback is a promising new paradigm for automated | robot | robotic systems | our results suggest that multi-agent debate when coupled with physics-grounded feedback is a promising new paradigm for automated robot design |
however for arbitrary qudit-based hardware platform the issue is that a generic | qudit | qubit readout | however for arbitrary qudit-based hardware platform the issue is that a generic qudit operation has to be decomposed into the sequence of native operations - pulses that are adjusted to the transitions between two levels in a qudit |
this paper aims to address these challenges by revisiting and modifying classical | rl | reinforcement learning rl | this paper aims to address these challenges by revisiting and modifying classical rl approaches to efficiently operate in sparse randomized and nonstationary environments |
to ensure computational tractability we introduce tight continuously differentiable reformulations of both the non-convex distance | constraints | soft constraints | to ensure computational tractability we introduce tight continuously differentiable reformulations of both the non-convex distance constraints and the chance constraints |
to close this gap we introduce nano-scale | vision-language | vision-language models | to close this gap we introduce nano-scale vision-language action nanovla a family of lightweight vla architectures that achieve high performance with minimal resources |
risk-aware safety filters with poisson safety functions and laplace | guidance | safety filter | risk-aware safety filters with poisson safety functions and laplace guidance fields |
in this paper we situate context engineering provide a | systematic | context engineering | in this paper we situate context engineering provide a systematic definition outline its historical and conceptual landscape and examine key design considerations for practice |
through comprehensive experimentation across six | diverse | llm inference | through comprehensive experimentation across six diverse tasks and utilizing six distinct llms our methodology demonstrates remarkable results achieving speeds up to 5 |
we focus on an important safety problem that is already challenging for humans fact-verification of | ai | reasoning capabilities | we focus on an important safety problem that is already challenging for humans fact-verification of ai outputs |
collective systems that self-organise to maximise the group s ability to collect and distribute | information | collective systems | collective systems that self-organise to maximise the group s ability to collect and distribute information can be successful in environments with high spatial and temporal variation |
recently proposed generative models for discrete data such as masked | diffusion | diffusion models | recently proposed generative models for discrete data such as masked diffusion models mdms exploit conditional independence approximations to reduce the computational cost of popular auto-regressive models arms at the price of some bias in the sampling distribution |
land use change perceptions included deforestation | coastal | land use | land use change perceptions included deforestation coastal degradation habitat protection renewable energy facilities wetlands and others |
we consider the task of ranked enumeration under min max orders as well as tasks concerning cqs with predicates of the form x min x where x is a set of variables and | x | query complexity | we consider the task of ranked enumeration under min max orders as well as tasks concerning cqs with predicates of the form x min x where x is a set of variables and x is a single variable counting enumeration direct access and predicate elimination i |
turbulence impacted wavefront corrections using | beam | beam shaping | turbulence impacted wavefront corrections using beam modulation technique |
traditional methods such as questionnaire assessments require manual intervention and webcam-based monitoring fails to provide accurate insights about learners mental focus as it is deceived by mere screen fixation without | cognitive | cognitive science | traditional methods such as questionnaire assessments require manual intervention and webcam-based monitoring fails to provide accurate insights about learners mental focus as it is deceived by mere screen fixation without cognitive engagement |
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