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[ "In addition to supplying cellular energy , mitochondria are involved in other tasks such as signaling , cellular differentiation , cell death , as well as the control of the cell cycle and cell growth .", "In addition to supplying cellular energy , mitochondria are involved in a range of other processes , such a...
[ "Although most of a cell 's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus , the mitochondrion has its own independent genome .", "Although most of a cell 's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus , the mitochondrion has its own independent genome , called mDNA ." ]
[ "Because of this double-membraned organization , there are five distinct parts to a mitochondrion .", "Because of this double-membraned organization , there are five distinct compartments within the mitochondrion ." ]
[ "A mitochondrion contains outer and inner membranes composed of phospholipid bilayers and proteins .", "A mitochondrion contains outer and inner membranes ." ]
[ "The German Nuclear Reactor Insurance Association ( German : Deutsche Kernreaktor-Versicherungsgemeinschaft - DKVG ) is an association of German insurers of the nuclear industry located in Cologne .", "The German Nuclear Reactor Insurance Association ( German : Deutsche Kernreaktor-Versicherungsgemeinschaft - DKV...
[ "Throughout the association 's history , it has only once had to pay a claim ; the claim amounted to approximately $ 10,000 to $ 15,000 .", "Throughout the association 's history , it has only once had to pay a claim ; the claim amounted to about $ 10,000 to $ 15,000 ." ]
[ "There is an extensive biography of him in the book The Lawudo Lama by Jamyang Wangmo .", "There is an extensive biography of him in the book ` The Lawudo Lama ' , by Jamyang Wangmo ." ]
[ "Free transcripts of some of his teachings are available from the Lama Yeshe Wisdom Archive .", "Free books and a vast online collection of his teachings are available from the Lama Yeshe Wisdom Archive ." ]
[ "Since the 1984 death of Lama Yeshe , Lama Zöpa has served as the FPMT 's spiritual director .", "Since the 1984 death of Lama Yeshe , Lama Zopa has served as the FPMT 's spiritual director ." ]
[ "He took his monastic vows at Dungkar Monastery in Tibet where he traveled in 1957 , but he had to flee due to severe treatment on monks inflicted by the Chinese army after the 1959 Tibetan uprising .", "He took his monks vows at Dungkar Monastery in Tibet and has received teachings from many high lamas ." ]
[ "Christian VII ( 29 January 1749 - 13 March 1808 ) was an Oldenburg monarch who ruled as King of Denmark and Norway and Duke of Schleswig and Holstein from 1766 until his death .", "Christian VII of Denmark ( 29 January 1749 - 13 March 1808 ) was the King of Denmark and Norway from 1766 to 1808 , and the duke of ...
[ "He was the son of King Frederick V and his first wife Louise of Great Britain .", "He was the son of King Frederick V of Denmark and Louise of Great Britain ." ]
[ "They made a short song titled `` Ooh Uh Huh '' , which became the theme song for MTV 's reality show A Double Shot at Love with the Ikki Twins .", "They made a short song titled `` Ooh Uh Huh '' , which became the theme song for MTV 's reality show `` A Double Shot At Love '' with the Ikki twins ." ]
[ "They got spots in music festivals such as Rockin ' Roots , Bamboozle Left 2008 , and Audio Overload 2008 .", "They got spots in music festivals such as Rockin Roots , Bamboozle Left 2008 , and Audio Overload 2008 ." ]
[ "The girls started up again in January and February 2009 on their Just Got Paid , Let 's Get Laid tour , which sold out on every stop .", "The girls returned in January and February 2009 on their Just Got Paid , Let 's Get Laid tour , which sold out every date ." ]
[ "They began to perform shows locally and traveled only small distances for gigs .", "After a few months , they began to perform shows locally and traveled only small distances for shows ." ]
[ "By July 2008 , they were ready to start touring and they went out on their first tour co-headlining with Breathe Carolina across California and other Western states .", "By July 2008 , they were ready to tour and they went out on their first tour co-headlining with another band , Breathe Carolina across the West...
[ "A Büchner funnel is a piece of laboratory equipment used in filtration .", "A büchner funnel is a piece of laboratory equipment which is used to filter or separate a liquid from a solid ." ]
[ "Smoot was born in Yukon , Florida .", "Professor Smoot was born in Yukon , Florida ." ]
[ "He then took up an interest in cosmic microwave background radiation ( CMB ) , previously discovered by Arno Allan Penzias and Robert Woodrow Wilson in 1964 .", "He then took up an interest in the microwaves in cosmic radiation which had been discovered by Arno Allan Penzias and Robert Woodrow Wilson in 1964 ." ...
[ "According to the Nobel Prize committee , `` the COBE project can also be regarded as the starting point for cosmology as a precision science . ''", "The Nobel Prize committee said : `` the COBE-project can also be regarded as the starting point for cosmology as a precision science . ''" ]
[ "He graduated from Upper Arlington High School in Upper Arlington , Ohio , in 1962 .", "He went to Upper Arlington High School in Upper Arlington , Ohio until 1962 ." ]
[ "With the help of Alvarez and Richard A. Muller , Smoot developed a differential radiometer which measured the difference in temperature of the CMB between two directions 60 degrees apart .", "With the help of Alvarez and Richard A. Muller , Professor Smoot developed a radiometer to measure the difference in temp...
[ "George Smoot had main responsibility for measuring the small variations in the temperature of the radiation .", "George Smoot was in control of measuring the small differences in the temperature of the radiation ." ]
[ "He studied mathematics before switching to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he obtained dual bachelor 's degrees in mathematics and physics in 1966 and a Ph.D. in particle physics in 1970 .", "He studied mathematics for some time before going to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he w...
[ "In 2003 , he was awarded the Einstein Medal and the Oersted Medal in 2009 .", "In 2003 he was awarded the Einstein Medal ." ]
[ "This work helped further the Big Bang theory of the universe using the Cosmic Background Explorer ( COBE ) satellite .", "This work was completed using the Cosmic Background Explorer Satellite ( COBE ) ." ]
[ "He is also a collaborator of the design of the Supernova\\/Acceleration Probe , a satellite which is proposed to measure the properties of dark energy .", "He is also working on the design of a Supernova\\/Acceleration Probe ( SNAP ) , a satellite which is to measure dark energy ." ]
[ "The observations were `` evidence for the birth of the universe '' and led Smoot to say regarding the importance of his discovery that `` if you 're religious , it 's like looking at God . ''", "Professor Smoot said : `` If you 're religious , it 's like looking at God . ''" ]
[ "Such a Doppler effect arises because the Sun , and in fact the Milky Way as a whole , is not stationary , but rather is moving at nearly 600 km\\/s with respect to the last scattering surface .", "A doppler effect happens because the Sun , and the Milky Way are moving at nearly 600 km\\/s ." ]
[ "After more than two years of observation and analysis , the COBE research team announced on 23 April 1992 that the satellite had detected tiny fluctuations in the CMB , a breakthrough in the study of the early universe .", "After more than two years , on 21 April 1992 , the COBE research team claimed that the sa...
[ "Smoot collaborated with San Francisco Chronicle journalist Keay Davidson to write the general-audience book Wrinkles in Time , that chronicled his team 's efforts .", "Smoot worked with the San Francisco Chronicles journalist , Keay Davidson , to write a book called Wrinkles in Time , all about the team 's work ...
[ "George Smoot switched to cosmology and began work at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , collaborating with Luis Walter Alvarez on the High Altitude Particle Physics Experiment , a stratospheric weather balloon designed to detect antimatter in Earth 's upper atmosphere , the presence of which was predicted by ...
[ "He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2006 for his work on the Cosmic Background Explorer with John C. Mather that led to the `` discovery of the black body form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation . ''", "In 2006 he won a Nobel Prize of physics for his work on COBE with John C. Mather tha...
[ "COBE was launched on November 18 , 1989 , after a delay owing to the destruction of the Space Shuttle Challenger .", "The COBE satellite was delayed after the Space Shuttle Challenger was destroyed , but was launched successfully on November 18 , 1989 ." ]
[ "That the CMB appears to be at a higher temperature on one side of the sky than on the opposite side , referred to as a dipole pattern , has been explained as a Doppler effect of the Earth 's motion relative to the area of CMB emission , which is called the last scattering surface .", "They called this a dipole p...
[ "It did , however , detect a variation in the temperature of the CMB of a different sort .", "It did , however , detect another difference in the microwave temperature on one side of the sky ." ]
[ "In online interactions , enraged persons may flame and abuse other users , shouting at them through headsets , sending rude messages , or rage-quitting ( exiting a game prematurely out of anger ) .", "In online interactions , enraged persons may flame and abuse other users , shouting at them through headsets , s...
[ "Tech support personnel and systems administrators may be subjected to customers ' anger at a malfunctioning system , commonly including verbal abuse .", "Tech support personnel and systems administrators may be subjected to customer 's anger at a malfunctioning system , commonly including the aforementioned verb...
[ "Another common occurrence of computer rage is while playing computer games , mainly first-person shooters and MMORPGs .", "Another common occurrence of computer rage is whilst playing computer games , mainly first-person shooters and mmorpgs ." ]
[ "It may result in the physical assault of the computer or similar item , most likely leading to the device incurring more damage than it had before .", "It may result in the physical assault of the computer or similar item , possibly leading to the device incurring more damage than it had before ." ]
[ "Computer rage may manifest itself in angry utterances at the object , and in some extreme cases , violent actions towards the hardware itself , usually either by thumping the keyboard , punching or slapping the monitor or slamming the mouse on the table\\/desk .", "Computer rage may manifest itself in verbal abu...
[ "Computer rage in this case is normally induced when a gamer fails an objective too but this can also result from similar phenomena in addicting puzzle games such as Pepper Panic , Farm Heroes and Candy Crush Saga .", "Computer rage is normally induced when a gamer either fails an objective or is killed repeatedl...
[ "The Prayer of Azariah and the Song of the Three Holy Children is a lengthy passage that appears after Daniel 3:23 in Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Bibles , as well as in the ancient Greek Septuagint translation .", "The Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children are two sections that are in some...
[ "This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ( misasagi ) at Nara .", "According to the Imperial Household Agency , this emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ( misasagi ) at Nara ." ]
[ "The actual site of Kōgen 's grave is not known .", "The actual site of his grave is not known ." ]
[ "-571 AD ) , the 29th emperor , is the first for which contemporary historiography is able to assign verifiable dates ; however , the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as `` traditional '' until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737-806 ) , the 50th sovereign of the Y...
[ "Jien records that Kōgen was the eldest son of Emperor Kōrei , and that he ruled from the palace of Sakaihara-no-miya at Karu in what will come to be known as Yamato province .", "Kōgen was the eldest son of Emperor Kōrei ." ]
[ ", also known as Ooyamatonekohikokunikuru no Mikoto , was the eighth emperor of Japan , according to the traditional order of succession .", "was the 8th emperor of Japan , according to the traditional order of succession ." ]
[ "In Kojiki and Nihonshoki only his name and genealogy were recorded .", "The Kojiki records only his name and genealogy ." ]
[ "No firm dates can be assigned to this emperor 's life or reign , but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 214 BC-158 BC .", "No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor 's life or reign ." ]
[ "The movies were produced by Mack Sennett for his Keystone Film Company between 1912 and 1917 .", "The movies were produced by Mack Sennett between 1912 and 1917 ." ]
[ "In 2010 , the previously lost short A Thief Catcher was rediscovered at an antique sale in Michigan .", "In 2010 , it was found at an antique sale in Michigan ." ]
[ "In 2001 , he won a ShoWest Award as `` Male Star of Tomorrow '' .", "In 2001 , he won a ShoWest Award for the `` Male Star of Tomorrow '' for on his work in The Patriot and A Knight 's Tale ." ]
[ "He also received a nomination for Golden Globe Best Actor in a Drama and a nomination for Academy Award for Best Actor for this performance , making him , at age 26 , the ninth-youngest nominee for a Best Actor Oscar .", "He also received a nomination for Golden Globe `` Best Actor in a Drama '' and a nomination...
[ "Ledger attended Mary 's Mount Primary School in Gooseberry Hill , and later Guildford Grammar School , where he had his first acting experiences , starring in a school production as Peter Pan at age 10 .", "Ledger attended Guildford Grammar School , where he had his first acting experiences ." ]
[ "In September 2007 , Williams ' father confirmed to Sydney 's Daily Telegraph that Ledger and Williams had ended their relationship .", "In September 2007 , Williams ' father , Larry , told the Sydney Daily Telegraph that Ledger and Williams had separated ." ]
[ "In 2006 , Ledger directed music videos for the title track on Australian hip hop artist N'fa 's CD debut solo album Cause An Effect and for the single `` Seduction Is Evil ( She 's Hot ) '' .", "In 2006 , Ledger directed three music videos : `` Cause an Effect '' and `` Seduction Is Evil ( She 's Hot ) '' for Au...
[ "Heath Andrew Ledger ( 4 April 1979 - 22 January 2008 ) was an Australian actor and director .", "Heathcliff Andrew Ledger ( April 4 , 1979 - January 22 , 2008 ) was an Academy Award-winning Australian actor ." ]
[ "Ledger received `` Best Actor of 2005 '' awards from both the New York Film Critics Circle and the San Francisco Film Critics Circle for his performance in Brokeback Mountain , in which he plays Wyoming ranch hand Ennis Del Mar , who has a love affair with aspiring rodeo rider Jack Twist , played by Jake Gyllenhaa...
[ "Shortly after the release of Candy , Ledger was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences .", "In 2006 , Ledger was asked to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ." ]
[ "Ledger had relationships with actresses Lisa Zane , Heather Graham and Naomi Watts .", "Before that , he had dated actresses Lisa Zane and Heather Graham ." ]
[ "In the summer of 2004 , he met and began dating actress Michelle Williams on the set of Brokeback Mountain , and their daughter , Matilda Rose , was born on 28 October 2005 in New York City .", "Their daughter , Matilda Rose , was born on October 28 , 2005 in New York City ." ]
[ "In his penultimate film performance , Ledger played the Joker in Christopher Nolan 's 2008 film The Dark Knight , released nearly six months after his death .", "Ledger played comic book villain The Joker in The Dark Knight ." ]
[ "With Trevor DiCarlo , his best friend since he was three years old , Ledger drove across Australia from Perth to Sydney , returning to Perth to take a small role in Clowning Around ( 1992 ) , the first part of a two-part television series , and to work on the TV series Sweat ( 1996 ) , in which he played a gay cyc...
[ "In 1999 , he starred in the teen comedy 10 Things I Hate About You and in the acclaimed Australian crime film Two Hands , directed by Gregor Jordan .", "In 1999 , Ledger starred in the teen comedy 10 Things I Hate About You ." ]
[ "The city has three major shipyards one of which is capable of building large navy ships .", "The city has 3 major shipyards some of which are capable of building large navy ships ." ]
[ "However , Mykolaiv is also a city of oblast subordinance , and is thus subject directly to the oblast authorities rather to the raion administration housed in the city itself .", "However , Mykolaiv is a city of oblast subordinance , thus being subject directly to the oblast authorities rather to the raion admin...
[ "Other important industries are mechanical engineering , power engineering , metallurgy and last 10 years - food industry .", "Other important industries are mechanical engineering , power engineering , metallurgy and cosmetics ." ]
[ "Peter Dayan , however points out that Sand accepted Chopin 's protests that the prelude was not an imitation of the sound of raindrops , but a translation of natures harmonies within Chopin 's `` génie '' .", "Peter Dayan points out that Sand accepted Chopin 's protests that the prelude was not an imitation of t...
[ "28 , No. 15 , by Frédéric Chopin , known as the `` Raindrop '' prelude , is one of the 24 Chopin preludes .", "28 , No. 15 , by Frédéric Chopin is known as the `` Raindrop '' prelude ." ]
[ "Some , though not all , of Opus 28 was written during Chopin and George Sand 's stay at a monastery in Valldemossa , Majorca in 1838 .", "Some of the Preludes were written during Chopin and George Sand 's stay at a monastery in Valldemossa , Majorca in 1838 ." ]
[ "While playing his piano he had a dream : Sand did not say which prelude Chopin played for her on that occasion , but most music critics assume it to be no. 15 , because of the repeating A flat , with its suggestion of the `` gentle patter '' of rain .", "While playing his piano he had a dream : Sand did not say ...
[ "In her Histoire de ma vie , Sand related how one evening she and her son Maurice , returning from Palma in a terrible rainstorm , found a distraught Chopin who exclaimed , `` Ah !", "In her Histoire de ma vie , Sand told how one evening she and her son Maurice , returning from Palma , Majorca , in a terrible rai...
[ "Usually lasting between five and seven minutes , this is the longest of the preludes .", "It lasts between five and seven minutes ." ]
[ "The prelude is noted for its repeating A-flat , which appears throughout the piece and sounds like raindrops to many listeners .", "It sounds like raindrops to many listeners ." ]
[ "The term was coined by British biologist Julian Huxley , to contrast with clade , a strictly phylogenetic unit .", "The term was coined by Julian Huxley , to contrast with clade , which is a strictly phylogenetic unit ." ]
[ "In some cases paraphyletic taxa are united simply by not being part of any other groups , and give rise to so-called wastebasket taxa which may even be polyphyletic .", "In some cases paraphyletic taxa are united simply by not being part of any other groups , and give rise to so-called wastebasket taxa ." ]
[ "Paraphyletic taxa will often , but not always , represent evolutionary grades .", "Paraphyletic and polyphyletic taxa often represent evolutionary grades ." ]
[ "In the early 19th century , the French naturalist Latreille was the first to divide tetrapods into the four familiar classes of amphibians , reptiles , birds and mammals .", "In the early 19th century , tetrapods were put in the four familiar classes of amphibians , reptiles , birds and mammals ." ]
[ "In this system , reptiles are characterized by traits such as laying membranous or shelled eggs , having skin covered in scales or scutes , and having a ` cold-blooded ' metabolism .", "In this system , reptiles are defined by traits such as laying cleidoic eggs , having skin covered in scales or scutes , and ha...
[ "An evolutionary grade is a group of species united by morphological or physiological traits , that has given rise to another group that differs markedly from the ancestral condition , and is thus not considered part of the ancestral group .", "An evolutionary grade is a group of species united by similarities ."...
[ "It is also found in the Pacific Ocean , with sightings in warm waters off Hawaii , southern California and Mexico , as well as other Pacific locations .", "It is also found in the Pacific Ocean , with sightings in warm waters off Hawaii , southern California and Mexico ." ]
[ "Light is given off in the form of flashes when the medusa is stimulated by turbulence created by a ship 's motion or by waves .", "Light is given off in the form of flashes when the medusa is stimulated by the turbulence of a ship 's motion or by waves ." ]
[ "This is typically an offshore species , although sometimes it is washed near the coastlines and may be stranded in great numbers on beaches .", "It is an offshore species , although sometimes it is washed near the coastlines and may be stranded in great numbers on beaches ." ]
[ "In an unprecedented event on November 21 , 2007 , a 10-square-mile ( 26 km2 ) swarm of P. noctiluca wiped out a 100,000-fish salmon farm in Northern Ireland , causing around # 1 million worth of damage .", "In an unprecedented event on November 21 , 2007 , a 10-square-mile ( 26 km2 ) swarm of jellyfish wiped out...
[ "The color varies worldwide , and in addition to pink or mauve , it is sometimes shades of golden yellow to tan .", "As well as pink or mauve , it is sometimes shades of golden yellow to tan ." ]
[ "This species of jellyfish commonly known as the mauve stinger in Europe , amongst many other common names , is widely distributed in all warm and temperate waters of the world 's oceans , including the Mediterranean Sea , Red Sea and Atlantic Ocean .", "It occurs in warm and temperate waters of the world 's ocea...
[ "This flashing is only of relatively short duration and gradually fades .", "This flashing is short , and gradually fades ." ]
[ "Pelagia noctiluca ( Forsskal , 1775 ) is a jellyfish in the family Pelagiidae .", "Pelagia noctiluca is a jellyfish ." ]
[ "The states of Odisha and West Bengal share some cultural and linguistic characteristics with Bangladesh and with the state of Assam .", "The states of Orissa and West Bengal share some cultural and linguistic characteristics with Bangladesh and with the state of Assam ." ]
[ "The historic region of Bengal which was ruled by Nawabs of Bengal comprises the present , West Bengal , Bihar , Jharkhand and Bangladesh from where the British started their conquest of India .", "It includes the states of Bihar , Jharkhand , Orissa and West Bengal ." ]
[ "On 8 August 2013 , it was announced former Queensland Premier Peter Beattie would contest the seat of Forde at the 2013 election , replacing Des Hardman as the ALP candidate .", "On 8 August 2013 , it was announced former Queensland Premier Peter Beattie would contest the seat of Forde at the 2013 election ." ]
[ "The division was created in 1984 and is named after Frank Forde , who was briefly Prime Minister of Australia in 1945 .", "It was set up in 1984 , and is named after Frank Forde , Prime Minister of Australia in 1945 ." ]
[ "Nyssa was created by writer Johnny Byrne for the Fourth Doctor serial The Keeper of Traken , but the production team subsequently decided that she should join the Doctor on his travels .", "Nyssa was created by writer Johnny Byrne for the Fourth Doctor serial The Keeper of Traken , but the production team later ...
[ "She returned in the following serial Logopolis , in which the Fourth Doctor regenerated , and remained as a companion of the Fifth Doctor .", "She returned in the next serial Logopolis , in which the Fourth Doctor regenerated , and remained as a companion of the Fifth Doctor ." ]
[ "Nyssa is an aristocratic native of Traken , the daughter of Tremas ( a consul of the Traken Union ) and stepdaughter of Kassia .", "Nyssa is a alien from the planet Traken , the daughter of Tremas ( a consul of the Traken Union ) and stepdaughter of Kassia ." ]
[ "Nyssa 's fate after she leaves the TARDIS is not known , although the spin-off novel Asylum , by Peter Darvill-Evans , depict that Nyssa eventually leaves Terminus and settles down as an academic in a university on an unspecified planet .", "Nyssa 's fate after she leaves the TARDIS is not known , although the s...
[ "This adventure leaves Doctor with the knowledge that he will have to be extremely careful dealing with Nyssa when they eventually meet to avoid changing history while ensuring she survives to meet him in his past .", "In Asylum , Nyssa shares an adventure with the Fourth Doctor from a time before he met her , le...
[ "In a large displacement , heavy-duty engine , a V12 can run slower than smaller engines , prolonging engine life .", "In a large heavy-duty engine , a V12 can run slower , and prolonging engine life ." ]