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[ "For decades it was a major milestone on the clipper route , by which sailing ships carried trade around the world .", "For many years , it was a major milestone on the clipper route by which sailing ships carried trade around the world ." ]
[ "Sailing around the Horn is widely regarded as one of the major challenges in yachting .", "However , sailing around the Horn is widely regarded as one of the major challenges in yachting , and a number of recreational sailors continue to sail this route , sometimes as part of a circumnavigation of the globe ." ]
[ "Several prominent ocean yacht races , notably the Volvo Ocean Race , the VELUX 5 Oceans , and the Vendée Globe , sail around the world via the Horn .", "Several prominent ocean yacht races , notably the Vendée Globe , sail around the world via the Horn , and speed records for round-the-world sailing follow the s...
[ "The waters around the Cape are particularly hazardous , owing to strong winds , large waves , strong currents and icebergs ; these dangers have made it notorious as a sailors ' graveyard .", "These reasons have made it notorious as a sailors ' graveyard ." ]
[ "The need for ships to round Cape Horn was greatly reduced by the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914 .", "Today , the Panama Canal has greatly reduced the need for cargo ships to travel via the Horn ." ]
[ "Scalable Vector Graphics ( SVG ) is an XML-based vector image format for two-dimensional graphics with support for interactivity and animation .", "Scalable Vector Graphics ( SVG ) is a computer language to describe two dimensional images ." ]
[ "He was the father of British novelist Martin Amis .", "He was the father of the British novelist Martin Amis ." ]
[ "Sir Kingsley William Amis , CBE ( 16 April 1922 - 22 October 1995 ) was an English novelist , poet , critic , and teacher .", "Sir Kingsley William Amis ( 16 April 1922 - 22 October 1995 ) was an English novelist , poet , critic , and teacher ." ]
[ "He wrote more than 20 novels , six volumes of poetry , a memoir , various short stories , radio and television scripts , along with works of social and literary criticism .", "He wrote more than twenty novels , three collections of poetry , short stories , radio and television scripts , and books of social and l...
[ "In 1965 , he wrote the popular The James Bond Dossier under his own name .", "He wrote the popular James Bond Dossier ." ]
[ "Martin wrote the memoir Experience about the life , charm , and decline of his father .", "Martin wrote about his father 's life and decline in his memoir Experience ." ]
[ "The novel won the Somerset Maugham Award for fiction and Amis was associated with the writers labeled the Angry Young Men .", "The novel won the Somerset Maugham Award for fiction ." ]
[ "After serving in the Royal Corps of Signals in the Second World War , Amis returned to Oxford in October 1945 to complete his degree .", "Amis served in the Royal Corps of Signals in the Second World War ." ]
[ "Amis further displayed his devotion to the genre in editing , with the Sovietologist Robert Conquest , the science fiction anthology series Spectrum I-V , which drew heavily upon 1950s numbers of the magazine Astounding Science Fiction .", "With the Sovietologist Robert Conquest , Amis produced the science ficti...
[ "He was educated at the City of London School on a scholarship , after his first year , and in April 1941 was admitted to St. John 's College , Oxford , also on a scholarship , where he read English .", "He went to school at the City of London School and St. John 's College , Oxford ." ]
[ "As a poet , Amis was associated with The Movement .", "As a poet , Amis was a part of The Movement ( anti-romantic poetry ) ." ]
[ "It was there that he met Philip Larkin , with whom he formed the most important friendship of his life .", "At Oxford , he met Philip Larkin and became friends ." ]
[ "Kingsley Amis was born in Clapham , south London , the son of William Robert Amis , a mustard manufacturer 's clerk in the City of London and his wife Rosa Annie , née Lucas .", "Kingsley Amis was born in Clapham , South London , England ." ]
[ "Lateritic bauxites ( silicate bauxites ) are distinguished from karst bauxite ores ( carbonate bauxites ) .", "There are two main kinds of bauxite ores : carbonate bauxites ( karst bauxites ) , and silicate bauxites ( lateritic bauxites ) ." ]
[ "They were formed by lateritization of various silicate rocks such as granite , gneiss , basalt , syenite , and shale .", "They were formed from various silicate rocks such as granite , gneiss , basalt , syenite , and shale ." ]
[ "It consists mostly of the minerals gibbsite Al ( OH ) 3 , boehmite γ-AlO ( OH ) and diaspore α-AlO ( OH ) , mixed with the two iron oxides goethite and haematite , the clay mineral kaolinite and small amounts of anatase TiO2 .", "It is largely made up of the minerals Gibbsite Al ( OH ) 3 , Boehmite γ-AlO ( OH ) ...
[ "Bauxite was named by the French geologist Pierre Berthier in 1821 after the village of Les Baux in Provence , southern France , where he discovered it and was the first to recognize that it contained aluminium .", "It was named after the village Les Baux-de-Provence in southern France , where it was first discov...
[ "The aluminium hydroxide in the lateritic bauxite deposits is almost exclusively gibbsite .", "In lateritic bauxite , the aluminum hydroxide contained in lateritic bauxite deposits is almost entirely a form called gibbsite ." ]
[ "Zones with highest aluminium content are frequently located below a ferruginous surface layer .", "Bauxite deposits with highest aluminium content are frequently located below an iron-bearing surface layer ." ]
[ "The lateritic bauxites are found mostly in the countries of the tropics .", "The lateritic bauxites occur in many countries of the tropical belt ." ]
[ "Bauxite , an aluminium ore , is the world 's main source of aluminium .", "Bauxite is the most important aluminium ore ." ]
[ "The carbonate bauxites occur predominantly in Europe and Jamaica above carbonate rocks ( limestone and dolomite ) , where they were formed by lateritic weathering and residual accumulation of intercalated clay layers - dispersed clays which were concentrated as the enclosing limestones gradually dissolved during c...
[ "Outside of the V was a very large ancient ocean called the Panafrican Ocean that may have surrounded Pannotia , equivalent to the future Panthalassic Ocean .", "Outside of the V was a very large ancient ocean called the Panafrican Ocean that may have surrounded Pannotia , equal to the future Panthalassic Ocean ....
[ "Later , altered landmasses would recombine to form the most recent supercontinent , Pangaea .", "Later the landmasses would recombine to form the most recent supercontinent , Pangaea ." ]
[ "The Congo craton came between Proto-Gondwana and Proto-Laurasia about 600 Ma .", "The Congo craton came between Proto-Gondwana and Proto-Laurasia about 600 milion years ago ." ]
[ "The collisions that formed Pannotia were glancing collisions , and the continents composing Pannotia already had active rifting .", "The collisions that formed Pannotia were brief collisions , and the continents making up Pannotia already had active rifting ." ]
[ "After that , it split into the islands of Laurentia , Siberia and Baltica , with the main landmass , Gondwana , south of it .", "The small ones were Laurentia , Siberia and Baltica , with the main landmass , Gondwana , south of them ." ]
[ "About 750 million years ago ( 750 Ma ) , the previous supercontinent Rodinia rifted apart into three continents : Proto-Laurasia ( which broke apart and eventually re-formed as Laurasia ) , the continental craton of Congo , and Proto-Gondwana ( all of Gondwana except the Congo craton and Atlantica ) .", "They we...
[ "Curtis Michael `` Curt '' Hennig ( March 28 , 1958 - February 10 , 2003 ) was an American professional wrestler , manager , and color commentator who performed under his real name for the American Wrestling Association ( AWA ) , the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) , World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) , and To...
[ "He was the son of wrestler Larry `` The Axe '' Hennig , and father to current WWE ( formerly the WWF ) superstar Joe `` Curtis Axel '' Hennig .", "He was the father to current WWE superstar Joe `` Curtis Axel '' Hennig ." ]
[ "He was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 2007 by former Major League Baseball third baseman , and longtime friend , Wade Boggs .", "He was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame by Major League Baseball player and longtime friend Wade Boggs in 2007 ." ]
[ "On 19 August , the Italians took control of Berbera and then moved down the coast to complete their conquest of British Somaliland .", "On 19 August the Italians took control of Berbera and then moved down the coast to complete their conquest of British Somaliland ." ]
[ "The campaign in Somaliland was like all the others of the Axis : it initially started with a victory , then after a period of time ( like the campaigns in the Balkans , in the Philippines or in Russia ) , finished with a complete defeat .", "This campaign in Somaliland was like all the others of the Axis : it in...
[ "But in the specific case of the Italian conquest of British Somaliland , the defeat ( that happened in spring 1941 ) was followed by nearly two years of Italian guerrilla warfare .", "But in the specific case of the Italian conquest of British Somaliland , the defeat ( that happened in spring 1941 ) was followed...
[ "In the early hours of 3 August 1940 , the Italian Army crossed the border between Italian East Africa ( called by the Italians Africa Orientale Italiana , AOI ) and British Somaliland .", "In the early hours of 3 August 1940 , the Italian army crossed the border between Italian East Africa ( called by the Italia...
[ "While the British made their retreat to Berbera , the Royal Navy had constructed an all-tide jetty and had commenced evacuating civilian and administrative officials .", "Whilst the British made their fighting retreat to Berbera , the British Royal Navy had constructed an all-tide jetty and had commenced evacuat...
[ "On 7-8 August , the British and Commonwealth forces in British Somaliland had received reinforcements with the arrival of the 1\\/2nd Punjab Regiment and the 2nd battalion Black Watch .", "On 7 August the British and Commonwealth forces in British Somaliland received reinforcements with the arrival of the 1st Ba...
[ "The British colony was annexed by Mussolini to the `` Italian Empire '' as a part of Italian East Africa .", "The British colony was annexed by Mussolini to the Italian Empire in Italian East Africa ." ]
[ "As a consequence , Italian dictator Benito Mussolini ordered only some limited aggressive actions to capture territory along the borders of Egypt , Kenya , and Sudan .", "As a consequence , Mussolini ordered only some limited aggressive actions to capture territory along the borders of Kenya , Egypt and Sudan ."...
[ "When Italy declared war on 10 June 1940 , the Italian troops were not prepared for a prolonged war in North Africa or East Africa .", "When Italy declared war in May 1940 , the Italian troops were not prepared for a prolonged war in Eastern Africa ." ]
[ "On 11 August , one of De Simone 's brigades attacked the hill defended by a company of the 3rd Battalion 15th Punjab Regiment and captured it , taking heavy casualties .", "On 11 August an Italian brigade commanded by De Simone attacked the hill defended by the 3rd Battalion 15th Punjab Regiment and captured it ...
[ "The Italian force attacking British Somaliland in August 1940 was commanded by Lieutenant General Guglielmo Nasi , General Officer Commanding Eastern Sector .", "The Italian force attacking British Somaliland in August 1940 was commanded by General Guglielmo Nasi and included five colonial brigades , three Black...
[ "The Italians numbered about 24,000 .", "The Italians numbered about 4,800 and about 30,000 native troops ." ]
[ "As planned small forces then proceeded southeast along the coast and occupied the village of Bulhar .", "The northern Italian column then proceeded south along the coast and occupied the village of Bulhar ." ]
[ "Later in June , Amedeo , Duke of Aosta-the Governor-General and Viceroy of Italian East Africa , convinced the Italian Supreme Command ( Comando Supremo ) to plan a campaign to conquer British Somaliland .", "In June 1940 , Amedeo , Duke of Aosta , the Governor-General of Italian East Africa , convinced the Ital...
[ "The British launched two unsuccessful counterattacks but fought off Italian attacks on two other hills .", "The British launched two unsuccessful counterattacks but the next day were forced to abandon two other nearby hills ." ]
[ "Brig. Chater used his Camel Corps supplemented by small patrols of the Illalos ( a small force of tribal levies normally employed on police duties ) to skirmish with and screen against the advancing Italians as the other British and Commonwealth forces pulled back towards Tug Argan .", "Colonel Arthur Reginald C...
[ "At the start of August , the newly promoted Brigadier Chater commanded a contingent of about 4,000 soldiers comprising the lightly armed Somaliland Camel Corps , the 2nd ( Nyasaland ) Battalion King 's African Rifles ( KAR ) , the 1st Battalion Northern Rhodesian Regiment ( KAR ) , the 3\\/15th Punjab Regiment and...
[ "The conquest of the British Somaliland was the only campaign victory Italy achieved - without the support of German troops - during World War II against the Allies .", "The Italian conquest of British Somaliland was an Italian campaign during World War II against the British Empire ." ]
[ "On 14 August , Godwin-Austen informed Middle East Command of the situation concluding that further resistance at Tug Argan would be futile and likely to result in the loss of the whole force .", "After three days of battle , early on 15 August Godwin-Austen ( fearing an imminent encirclement ) concluded that fur...
[ "On 15 August , he received orders to withdraw his forces from British Somaliland .", "He contacted the British Middle East Command headquarters in Cairo , Egypt and requested and received permission to withdraw his forces from British Somaliland ." ]
[ "On 16 August , the British started to embark troops onto the waiting ships .", "On 16 August they started to embark troops onto the waiting ships and had completed the evacuation by the afternoon of the following day , departing for Aden in the Arabian peninsula ." ]
[ "The Italians also had armored vehicles ( a small number of both light and medium tanks ) , artillery , and , most important , superior air support .", "The Italians had the 2nd Light Tank Company and the 322nd Medium Tank Company ( 13 L3\\/35 light and 12 M11\\/39 medium tanks ) , artillery , and , most importan...
[ "British Somaliland remained part of Italian East Africa for a matter of months .", "British Somaliland remained part of the Italian East Africa until March 1941 when the 1st\\/2nd Punjab Regiment and the 3rd\\/15th Punjab Regiment returned from Aden to re-occupy the territory ." ]
[ "The original buildings were officially opened by the Lieutenant Governor of the Colony of Victoria , Sir Charles Hotham , on 3 October 1855 .", "The buildings were officially opened by the Lieutenant Governor of the Colony of Victoria , Sir Charles Hotham , on 3 October 1855 ." ]
[ "The university 's 150th anniversary was celebrated in 2003 .", "The 150th anniversary was celebrated in 2003 ." ]
[ "The inauguration of the university was made possible by the wealth resulting from Victoria 's gold rush .", "The opening of the university was made possible by the wealth coming from the Victorian gold rush ." ]
[ "Founded in 1853 , it is Australia 's second oldest university and the oldest in Victoria .", "Opened in 1853 , it is the second oldest university in Australia , and the oldest in Victoria ." ]
[ "The institution was designed to be a `` civilising influence '' at a time of rapid settlement and commercial growth .", "The university was to be a `` civilising influence '' at a time of rapid settlement and commercial growth ( Selleck , 2003 ) ." ]
[ "The University of Melbourne ( commonly referred to as Melbourne University and UniMelb ) is an Australian public university located in Melbourne , Victoria .", "The University of Melbourne is in Melbourne , Victoria ." ]
[ "In 2008 , the university had an endowment of approximately $ 1.105 billion , the largest of any Australian institution .", "It has one of the largest financial endowments of any Australian university , standing at $ 1.105 bn as of 2008 ." ]
[ "His rule of Mysore was characterised by frequent warfare with his neighbors and rebellion within his territories .", "Hyder 's rule of Mysore was characterised by frequent warfare with his neighbors and rebellion within his territories ." ]
[ "This was not unusual for the time , as much of the Indian subcontinent was then in turmoil .", "This was not unusual for the time , as much of the Indian subcontinent was then in turmoil , with the Hindu Maratha Confederacy struggling with the remnants of the Muslim Mughal Empire ." ]
[ "Rising to the post of Dalavayi ( commander-in-chief ) to Krishnaraja Wodeyar II , he came to dominate the titular monarch and the Mysore government .", "Rising to the post of dalwai , or commander-in-chief to Krishnaraja Wodeyar II , he came to dominate the titular monarch and the Mysore government , and eventua...
[ "He was a shrewd leader , and left his eldest son Tipu Sultan an extensive kingdom bordered by the Krishna River in the north , the Eastern Ghats in the east and the Arabian Sea in the west .", "He was a shrewd leader , and left his son Tipu Sultan a kingdom that was significantly larger than when he first took i...
[ "The endocrine system is in contrast to the exocrine system , which secretes its hormones using ducts .", "The endocrine system is in contrast to the exocrine system , which secretes its chemicals using ducts ." ]
[ "The nervous system sends information very quickly , and responses are generally short lived .", "The nervous system sends information quickly , and responses are generally short lived ." ]
[ "The endocrine system is an information signal system like the nervous system , yet its effects and mechanism are classifiably different .", "The endocrine system is an information signal system like the nervous system , yet its effects and mechanism are different ." ]
[ "The endocrine system 's effects are slow to initiate , and prolonged in their response , lasting from a few hours up to weeks .", "The endocrine system 's effects are slow to start , and long-lasting in their response ." ]
[ "The field of study dealing with the endocrine system and its disorders is endocrinology , a branch of internal medicine .", "The field of medicine that deals with disorders of endocrine glands is endocrinology ." ]
[ "For example , the snout of a river dolphin measures about 58 centimeters ( 2 ft ) long , approximately four times as long as that of most marine dolphins .", "The snout of a river dolphin measures about 58 centimeters ( 2 ft ) long , approximately four times as long as that of most marine dolphins ." ]
[ "Both river dolphins and marine dolphins belong to a group of mammals called cetaceans , but they differ somewhat in appearance .", "Both river dolphins and marine dolphins belong to a group of mammals called cetaceans ." ]
[ "This environment also makes river dolphins less active than marine dolphins .", "River dolphins are less active than marine dolphins because they do not need to search so widely to find fish ." ]
[ "The sixth species , the La Plata dolphin , lives in saltwater estuaries and near-shore marine environments .", "The La Plata Dolphin lives in salt water estuaries and the ocean ." ]
[ "River dolphins are a nontaxonomic category including five living species and one recently extinct species of dolphin that reside in freshwater rivers and estuaries .", "River dolphins are five species of dolphin which live in fresh water rivers and estuaries ." ]
[ "Four species live in fresh water rivers , as did the recently extinct fifth species , the baiji or Chinese river dolphin .", "Three species live in fresh water rivers ." ]
[ "Union County is a county located in the state of Florida .", "Union County is a county in northern Florida ." ]
[ "The county seat is Lake Butler .", "Lake Butler is the county seat of Union County , it is also the largest city in Union County ." ]
[ "Union County was created in 1921 from part of Bradford County .", "The county was founded in 1921 after being cut off from Bradford County ." ]
[ "Speed Racer is a 2008 American-German action film based on the Japanese anime and manga series Speed Racer by Tatsunoko Productions .", "Speed Racer is a 2008 action movie ." ]
[ "The Wachowski brothers filmed in high-definition video for the first time .", "It was directed by the Wachowski brothers ." ]
[ "As a child Speed idolized his record-setting older brother , Rex Racer ( Scott Porter ) , who was killed while racing in the Casa Cristo 5000 , a cross-country racing rally .", "In a flashback , it is shown that Speed Racer 's older brother , Rex , died while racing the Casa Cristo 5000 , a big race that goes ac...
[ "After they drive together and work naturally as a team , Speed begins to suspect that Racer X is actually his brother Rex in disguise .", "Speed then told Racer X that he thought that Racer X was actually Rex , his dead brother ." ]
[ "Because of this , new states could not immediately become part of the international community or be bound by international law , and recognized nations did not have to respect international law in their dealings with them .", "Because of this , new states could not become part of the international community or b...
[ "Hersch Lauterpacht , one of the theory 's main proponents , suggested that it is a state 's duty to grant recognition as a possible solution .", "Hersch Lauterpacht , one of the main people who supported the theory , suggested that it is a state 's job to grant recognition as a possible solution ." ]
[ "Lassa Oppenheim said `` There exists perhaps no conception the meaning of which is more controversial than that of sovereignty .", "Lassa Oppenheim said that there is no idea whose meaning is more controversial than sovereignty ." ]
[ "One of the major criticisms of this law is the confusion caused when some states recognize a new entity , but other states do not .", "One of the major criticisms of this law is the confusion that happens when some states recognize a new group , but other states do not ." ]
[ "L.C. Green cited the recognition of the unborn Polish and Czech states in World War I and explained that `` since recognition of statehood is a matter of discretion , it is open to any existing State to accept as a state any entity it wishes , regardless of the existence of territory or of an established governmen...
[ "Most sovereign states are states de jure and de facto ( i.e. they exist both in law and in reality ) .", "Most sovereign states are states de jure and de facto ." ]
[ "In the opinion of H. V. Evatt of the High Court of Australia `` sovereignty is neither a question of fact , nor a question of law , but a question that does not arise at all . ''", "Justice Evatt of the High Court of Australia says that `` sovereignty is neither a question of fact , nor a question of law , but a...
[ "Many continental European states maintained governments-in-exile during the Second World War which continued to enjoy diplomatic relations with the Allies , notwithstanding that their countries were under Nazi occupation .", "Many European states had governments-in-exile during the Second World War which still h...
[ "Sovereignty is a term that is frequently misused .", "Sovereignty is a word that is often used wrongly ." ]
[ "Many states may only recognize another state if it is to their advantage .", "Many states may only recognize another state if it will help them ." ]
[ "However , a state may use any criteria when judging if they should give recognition and they have no obligation to use such criteria .", "However , a state may use any set of rules when judging if they should give recognition ." ]
[ "In 1815 at the Congress of Vienna the Final Act recognized only 39 sovereign states in the European diplomatic system , and as a result it was firmly established that in future new states would have to be recognized by other states , and that meant in practice recognition by one or more of the great powers .", "...