Split (1)

train · 102k rows

set list
[ "For instance , web page caches and client-side network file system caches ( like those in NFS or SMB ) are typically read-only or write-through to keep the network protocol simple and reliable .", "For instance , web page caches and client-side network file system caches ( like those in NFS or SMB ) are typicall...
[ "Before the entries are deleted from the cache , they are written to the backing store . This is known as lazy write .", "The data in these locations are written back to the backing store when those data are evicted from the cache , an effect referred to as a lazy write ." ]
[ "A client ( a CPU , web browser , operating system ) wants to access a bit of data , it believes to be in the backing store , it first checks to see if the datum can be found in the cache .", "When the cache client ( a CPU , web browser , operating system ) needs to access a datum presumed to exist in the backing...
[ "Search engines also often make web pages they have indexed available from their cache .", "Search engines also frequently make web pages they have indexed available from their cache ." ]
[ "The other situation that can occur is that the datum with the tag can not be found in the cache .", "If an entry can be found with a tag matching that of the desired datum , the datum in the entry is used instead . This situation is known as a cache hit ." ]
[ "The datum needs to be fetched from the backing store . Usually , it is copied into the cache , so that the next time , it no longer needs to be fetched from the backing store .", "The previously uncached datum fetched from the backing store during miss handling is usually copied into the cache , ready for the ne...
[ "The only purpose of Caches is to reduce accesses to the underlying slower storage .", "A cache 's sole purpose is to reduce accesses to the underlying slower storage ." ]
[ "There are special communication protocols that allow cache managers to talk to each other to keep the data meaningful . These are known as coherency protocols .", "Communication protocols between the cache managers which keep the data consistent are known as coherency protocols ." ]
[ "A miss in a write-back cache ( which requires a block to be replaced by another ) will often need two memory accesses : one to get the needed datum , and another to write replaced data from the cache to the store .", "For this reason , a read miss in a write-back cache ( which requires a block to be replaced by ...
[ "Users outside computer science usually call this cache virtual memory . It is managed by the kernel of the operating system .", "The page cache in main memory , which is an example of disk cache , is managed by the operating system kernel ." ]
[ "A cache is made up of many entries , called a pool .", "A cache is made up of a pool of entries ." ]
[ "Repeated cache hits are rare , because the buffer is very small compared to the size of the hard drive .", "Repeated cache hits are relatively rare , due to the small size of the buffer in comparison to the drive 's capacity ." ]
[ "Modern web browsers use a built-in web cache , but some internet service providers or organizations also use a caching proxy server . This is a web cache that is shared between all users of that network .", "Web browsers employ a built-in web cache , but some internet service providers or organizations also use ...
[ "Using local hard disks as caches is the main concept of hierarchical storage management .", "Such a scheme is the main concept of hierarchical storage management ." ]
[ "The timing when this happens is controlled by the write policy .", "The timing of this write is controlled by what is known as the write policy ." ]
[ "Local hard disks are fast compared to other storage devices , such as remote servers , local tape drives , or optical jukeboxes .", "Finally , fast local hard disk can also cache information held on even slower data storage devices , such as remote servers ( web cache ) or local tape drives or optical jukeboxes ...
[ "Alternatively , when the client updates the data in the cache , copies of that data in other caches will become stale .", "Alternatively , when the client updates the data in the cache , copies of those data in other caches will become stale ." ]
[ "If the data changed in the backing store , the copy in the cache will be out of date , or stale .", "Entities other than the cache may change the data in the backing store , in which case the copy in the cache may become out-of-date or stale ." ]
[ "The client may have made many changes to the datum in the cache .", "When the cache client ( a CPU , web browser , operating system ) needs to access a datum presumed to exist in the backing store , it first checks the cache . If an entry can be found with a tag matching that of the desired datum , the datum in ...
[ "This is useful when web pages are temporarily inaccessible from a web server .", "This can prove useful when web pages from a web server are temporarily or permanently inaccessible ." ]
[ "Web browsers and web proxy servers use caches to store previous responses from web servers , such as web pages .", "Web browsers and web proxy servers employ web caches to store previous responses from web servers , such as web pages ." ]
[ "A buffer is a location in memory that is traditionally used because CPU instructions can not directly address data stored in peripheral devices .", "A buffer is a temporary memory location , that is traditionally used because CPU instructions can not directly address data stored in peripheral devices ." ]
[ "CPU caches are generally managed entirely by hardware , other caches are managed by a different kinds of software .", "While CPU caches are generally managed entirely by hardware , a variety of software manages other caches ." ]
[ "Small memories on or close to the CPU chip can be made faster than the much larger main memory .", "Small memories on or close to the CPU can operate faster than the much larger main memory ." ]
[ "Web caches reduce the amount of information that needs to be transmitted over the network . Information previously stored in the cache can often be re-used .", "Web caches reduce the amount of information that needs to be transmitted across the network , as information previously stored in the cache can often be...
[ "Write-through operation is common in unreliable networks ( like an Ethernet LAN ) .", "Write-through operation is common when operating over unreliable networks ( like an Ethernet LAN ) , because of the enormous complexity of the coherency protocol required between multiple write-back caches when communication i...
[ "The CPU and hard drive often use a cache , as do web browsers and web servers .", "CPUs and hard drives frequently use a cache , as do web browsers and web servers ." ]
[ "But the main performance gain occurs because there is a good chance that the same datum will be read from cache several times , or that written data will soon be read .", "But the main performance-gain occurs because there is a good chance that the same datum will be read from cache multiple times , or that writ...
[ "The other situation that can occur is that the datum with the tag can not be found in the cache . This is known as cache miss. .", "The alternative situation , when the cache is consulted and found not to contain a datum with the desired tag , has become known as a cache miss. ." ]
[ "The client may have made many changes to the datum in the cache . After it is done , it may explicitly tell the cache to write back the datum .", "The client may make many changes to a datum in the cache , and then explicitly notify the cache to write back the datum ." ]
[ "Most CPUs since the 1980s have used one or more caches .", "Most CPUs since the 1980s have used one or more caches , and modern high-end embedded , desktop and server microprocessors may have as many as half a dozen , each specialized for a specific function ." ]
[ "This is known as write-back ( or write-behind ) cache .", "Alternatively , in a write-back ( or write-behind ) cache , writes are not immediately mirrored to the store ." ]
[ "Cache is also usually an abstraction layer that is designed to be invisible from the perspective of neighboring layers .", "Cache is also usually an abstraction layer that is designed to be invisible from the perspective of neighbouring layers ." ]
[ "Computer memory is used as an intermediate store .", "Thus , addressable memory is used as intermediate stage ." ]
[ "Each entry holds a datum ( a bit of data ) which is a copy of a datum in another place . Caches usually use what is called a backing store .", "Each entry has a datum ( a nugget of data ) - a copy of the same datum in some backing store ." ]
[ "Each entry holds a datum ( a bit of data ) which is a copy of a datum in another place .", "If an entry can be found with a tag matching that of the desired datum , the datum in the entry is used instead ." ]
[ "A cache is a block of memory for storing data which is likely used again .", "Hardware implements cache as a block of memory for temporary storage of data likely to be used again ." ]
[ "This is known as a cache hit .", "This situation is known as a cache hit ." ]
[ "The other option is to only write to cache , and write to the backing store later .", "In a write-through cache , every write to the cache causes a synchronous write to the backing store ." ]
[ "Purdue has produced multiple Nobel Prize winners , CEOs of Fortune 500 companies , and NFL Super Bowl MVPs .", "Purdue has produced multiple Nobel Prize winners , CEOs of Fortune 500 companies , NFL Super Bowl MVPs , Grammy nominees , Pulitzer Prize winners , and the universities alumni pool collectively holds o...
[ "Purdue University , located in West Lafayette , Indiana , U.S. , is the flagship university of the six-campus Purdue University System . Purdue was founded on May 6 , 1869 , as a land-grant university , accepted a donation of land and money from Lafayette businessman John Purdue to establish a college of science ,...
[ "Purdue was founded on May 6 , 1869 , as a land-grant university , accepted a donation of land and money from Lafayette businessman John Purdue to establish a college of science , technology , and agriculture in his name .", "Purdue was founded on May 6 , 1869 , as a land-grant university when the Indiana General...
[ "The university has been highly influential in America 's history of aviation , and Purdue 's aviation technology and aeronautical engineering programs remain among the highest rated and most competitive in the world .", "The university has also been highly influential in America 's history of aviation , and Purd...
[ "Roiffieux is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .", "Roiffieux is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France ." ]
[ "'' inches ( 70 mm ) in diameter at the thickest part and not more than 42 inches ( 1067 mm ) in length .", "It is no more than 2.75 inches in diameter at the thickest part and no more than 42 inches ( 1067 mm ) in length ." ]
[ "A baseball bat is a smooth wooden or metal rod used in the game of baseball to hit the ball after the ball is thrown by the pitcher .", "A baseball bat is a smooth wooden or metal club used in the game of baseball to hit the ball after the ball is thrown by the pitcher ." ]
[ "The batter uses the bat to try to hit a pitched ball so that he may run around the bases and score points .", "The batter uses the bat two-handed to try to hit a pitched ball fair so that he may become a runner , advance bases , and ultimately score a run or help preceding runners to score ." ]
[ "Sibley is a city of Iowa in the United States .", "Sibley is a city in Osceola County , Iowa , United States ." ]
[ "LÃ aupartie is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .", "LÃ aupartie is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ." ]
[ "Jonesboro is a city of the state of Arkansas in the United States of America .", "A college town , Jonesboro is the largest city in northeastern Arkansas and the fifth most populous city in the state . It is the principal city of and is included in the Jonesboro , Arkansas Metropolitan Statistical Area ." ]
[ "The population of the district , according to the 1998 Census , was 725,000 , and according to a 1999 projection , the population had risen to almost 741,000 .", "According to the 1998 Census , the population of the district was 725,000 , and according to a 1999 projection , the population had risen to almost 74...
[ "Muzaffarabad ( Urdu : Ù", "Muzaffarabad ( Urdu : , Pahari : ) is the capital of Azad Kashmir , Pakistan ." ]
[ "It is located in Muzaffarabad District on the banks of the Jhelum and Neelum rivers , is very hilly .", "It is located in Muzaffarabad District on the banks of the Jhelum and Neelum rivers ." ]
[ "The district is bounded by North-West Frontier Province in the west , by the Kupwara and Baramulla districts of the Indian Jammu and Kashmir in the east , and the Neelum District Azad Kashmir in the north .", "The district is bounded by Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa in the west , by the Kupwara and Baramulla districts of o...
[ "There are 375 communes in the Sarthe dÃ partement , in France .", "The following is a list of the 375 communes of the Sarthe dÃ partement , in France ." ]
[ "Le Bar-sur-Loup is a commune .", "Le Bar-sur-Loup is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France ." ]
[ "Grugies is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .", "Grugies is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France ." ]
[ "Treptower Tollensewinkel is an Amt in the district of Demmin , in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , Germany .", "Treptower Tollensewinkel ( , with a silent w ) is an Amt in the district of Demmin , in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , Germany ." ]
[ "The seat ( capital city ) of the Amt is in Altentreptow .", "The seat of the Amt is in Altentreptow ." ]
[ "Beecham was born in 1879 in St. Helens , Lancashire in the north of England . Beecham was self-taught as a conductor .", "Beecham was born in St Helens , Lancashire , in a house adjoining the Beecham 's Pills laxative factory founded by his grandfather , Thomas Beecham ." ]
[ "One of the earliest companies to take advantage of mineral resources around Ripley was the Butterley Company in 1790 .", "One of the earliest companies to take advantage of mineral resources around Ripley was the Butterley Company ." ]
[ "One of the early , and most well known , examples of the work of the company includes the graceful arched roof of St. Pancras Station in London , recently restored as an international rail terminal .", "One of the early , and most well known , examples of the work of the company includes the graceful arched roof...
[ "The Ripley area has been industrialized since the late 18th century .", "The Ripley area has been industrialised since the late 18th century ." ]
[ "Ripley is a town in the English county of Derbyshire .", "Ripley was once served by Ripley railway station on the Midland Railway Ripley Branch . It was also the northern terminus of the Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Tramways Company , and later the Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire trolleybus system ." ]
[ "Romans is a commune .", "Romans is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France ." ]
[ "The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was a United States Federal Government complex located at 200 N.W. 5th Street in downtown Oklahoma City , Oklahoma .", "The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was a United States Federal Government complex located at 200 N.W. 5th Street in downtown Oklahoma City , Oklahoma , ...
[ "The Murrah building was the target of the Oklahoma City bombing on April 19 1995 which damaged the building very badly .", "The building was the target of the Oklahoma City bombing on April 19 , 1995 , which killed 168 people , including 19 children ." ]
[ "It was later imploded and turned into a memorial .", "The remains of the building were imploded a month after the attack , and the Oklahoma City National Memorial was built on the site ." ]
[ "Although the Zatec brewery in the Czech Republic claims it can prove paying beer tax in 1004 .", "The Zatec brewery in the Czech Republic claims it can prove that it paid a beer tax in 1004 AD ) ." ]
[ "A brewery is a building , where beer is made or a business ( brewing company ) whose trade is the production and sale of beer .", "A brewery is a dedicated building for the making of beer , though beer can be made at home , and has been for much of beer 's history . A company which makes beer is called either a ...
[ "The oldest brewery in the world still in operation is believed to be the Bavarian State-owned brewery Weihenstephan , found in the German city of Freising , which can trace its history back to 1040 .", "The oldest brewery in the world is believed to be the German state-owned Weihenstephan brewery in the city of ...
[ "Tossiat is a commune .", "Tossiat is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France ." ]
[ "Maresquel-Ecquemicourt is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .", "Maresquel-Ecquemicourt is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]
[ "Bret then began to move steadily closer to land during the next few hours before making landfall near Tuxpan , Veracruz in eastern Mexico early on June 29 with 40 mph ( 65 km\\/h ) winds .", "With a mid-level anticyclone over Texas , Bret tracked steadily to the west-northwest , and began to re-organize just bef...
[ "Bret was also the second storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season .", "Tropical Storm Bret was a short-lived tropical storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season that made landfall in the Mexican state of Veracruz , the first of four during the season ." ]
[ "Violet Baudelaire is a fictional character in the popular children 's book series , A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket .", "Violet Baudelaire is one of the main characters in the children 's book series A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket and appears in all thirteen books ." ]
[ "Stanhope is a city of Hamilton County in the state of Iowa , United States .", "Stanhope is a city in Hamilton County , Iowa , United States ." ]
[ "As of 2008 , he hosts a weekly program on XM Radio titled 60\\/20 Sports with Luke Russert , son of Tim Russert who hosted NBC 's Meet The Press .", "As of 2009 , he hosts a weekly program on XM Radio titled 60\\/20 Sports with Luke Russert , son of the late Tim Russert who hosted NBC 's Meet The Press ." ]
[ "Known as the Ragin ' Cajun , Carville gained national attention for his work as the lead strategist of the successful presidential campaign of then-Arkansas governor Bill Clinton .", "Carville gained national attention for his work as the lead strategist of the successful presidential campaign of then-Arkansas g...
[ "Carville was the co-host of CNN 's Crossfire until its final broadcast in June 2005 .", "Carville was a co-host of CNN 's Crossfire until its final broadcast in June 2005 ." ]
[ ", as well as a children 's picture book , Lu and the Swamp Ghost , with co-author Patricia C. McKissack and illustrator David Catrow .", ", as well as a children 's picture book , Lu and the Swamp Ghost , with co-author Patricia McKissack and illustrator David Catrow ." ]
[ "With his wife , Republican Mary Matalin , and writer Peter Knobler , Carville co-wrote All 's Fair : Love , War and Running for President , published in 1995 .", "With his wife , Mary Matalin - a Republican - and writer Peter Knobler , Carville co-wrote All 's Fair : Love , War and Running for President , publis...
[ "James Carville ( born October 25 , 1944 ) is an American political consultant , commentator , actor , attorney , media personality and pundit .", "Chester James Carville , Jr. ( born October 25 , 1944 ) is an American political consultant , commentator , educator , actor , attorney , media personality , and prom...
[ "Since he was only five feet tall and his first name was Italian for `` Little Flower '' , he was called `` the Little Flower '' throughout his life .", "Only five feet tall , he was called `` the Little Flower '' ( Fiorello is Italian for `` little flower '' ) ." ]
[ "As a New Dealer , he supported President Franklin D. Roosevelt , a Democrat , and in turn Roosevelt heavily funded the city and cut off patronage from many politicians and establishments who did not support La Guardia .", "As a New Dealer , he supported President Franklin D. Roosevelt , a Democrat , and in turn ...
[ "Many people felt that La Guardia improved New York City economically and socially and restored public faith in City Hall .", "La Guardia revitalized New York City and restored public faith in City Hall ." ]
[ "Fiorello Henry La Guardia ( sometimes LaGuardia ) ( pronounced \\/ fiÉ Ë rÉ loÊ lÉ Ë É wÉ ` rdiÉ \\/ ; born Fiorello Enrico La Guardia ) was Mayor of New York City for three terms from 1934 to 1945 as a liberal Republican .", "Fiorello Henry LaGuardia ( fiÉ Ë rÉ loÊ lÉ Ë É wÉ ` rdiÉ ; born Fiorello Enrico La Gua...
[ "He was elected to Congress in 1916 and 1918 , and again from 1922 through 1930 .", "Previously he was elected to Congress in 1916 and 1918 , and again from 1922 through 1930 ." ]
[ "During his terms , he unified the transit system , directed the building of low-cost public housing , public playgrounds , and parks , constructed airports , reorganized the police force , defeated the powerful political machine Tammany Hall and improved employment rates in New York City , even during the depressi...
[ "5411 m. \\/ 17,753 ft. ) is a high mountain pass in Kashmir on the ancient summer caravan route from Ladakh to Yarkand in the Tarim Basin .", "5411 m ) is a high mountain pass in Ladakh and India on the ancient summer caravan route from Leh in Ladakh to Yarkand in the Tarim Basin ." ]
[ "Lee Min-Sung ( born 23 June 1973 ) is a former South Korean football player .", "Lee Min-Sung ( born 23 June 1973 ) is a former South Korean football player and coach who currently works for Yongin City FC ." ]
[ "A film version of the show was made in 1996 starring Madonna in the title role , with Antonio Banderas as Che and Jonathan Pryce as Peron .", "Alan Parker directed the film , with Madonna in the title role , Antonio Banderas as Che and Jonathan Pryce as PerÃ n. The film was nominated for five Academy Awards , wi...
[ "AmpoignÃ is a commune of 421 people ( 1999 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France .", "AmpoignÃ is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France ." ]
[ "In American English spelling there is no difference in spelling between the verb `` to license '' meaning to give permission , and the noun `` a licence '' meaning the permission to do something .", "The verb license or grant licence means to give permission . The noun license ( American English ) or licence ( E...
[ "Shunichiro Okano ( born 28 August 1931 ) is a former Japanese football player .", "Shunichiro Okano ( born August 28 , 1931 in Tokyo , Japan ) is a former Japanese football player and manager ." ]
[ "Shigeru Yokotani ( born 3 May 1987 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Gamba Osaka .", "Shigeru Yokotani is a Japanese footballer who plays for Gamba Osaka in the J. League Division 1 ." ]
[ "When the Richard M. Nixon administration took power , Boyd left the government and became the president of the Illinois Central Railroad , a position he held from 1969 to 1972 .", "When Richard Nixon became US President in 1969 , Boyd left the Transportation Department to become the president of the Illinois Cen...
[ "Alan Stephenson Boyd ( born July 20 , 1922 ) was the first United States Secretary of Transportation , appointed by Lyndon Johnson in November 1966 .", "Alan Stephenson Boyd ( born July 20 , 1922 ) is an American attorney and transportation executive who led several large corporations and also served the U.S. Go...
[ "Each player is numbered 1 â `` 15 , starting with the goalkeeper , who must wear a different colored jersey .", "Each player is numbered 1 -- 15 , starting with the goalkeeper , who must wear a jersey color different from that of his or her teammates ." ]
[ "Gaelic Football ( Irish : Peil , Peil Ghaelach or Caid ) , commonly referred to as `` football '' , or `` Gaelic '' , is a form of football played mainly in Ireland .", "Gaelic football ( Irish : Peil , Peil Ghaelach , or Caid ) , commonly referred to as `` football '' or `` Gaelic '' , is a form of football pla...

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