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[ "The Blue Tit , Cyanistes caeruleus , is a passerine songbird in the family Paridae . It is 10.5 to 12 cm ( 4.2 to 4.8 inches ) long .", "The Blue Tit , Cyanistes caeruleus , is a 10.5 to 12 cm ( 4.2 to 4.8 inches , ) long passerine bird in the tit family Paridae ." ]
[ "As a rule the bird roosts in ivy or evergreens , but in hard weather will shelter in a hole .", "As a rule the bird roosts in ivy or evergreens , but in harsh winters will nest wherever there is a suitable small hole , be it in a tree or nesting box ." ]
[ "Blue and Great Tits form mixed winter flocks , and the former are perhaps the better gymnasts on the slender twigs .", "Blue and Great Tits form mixed winter flocks , and the former are perhaps the better gymnasts in the slender twigs ." ]
[ "The Blue Tit is a widespread and common resident breeder . It lives throughout temperate and subarctic Europe and western Asia in deciduous or mixed woodlands .", "It is a widespread and common resident breeder throughout temperate and subarctic Europe and western Asia in deciduous or mixed woodlands ." ]
[ "It is a resident bird ; most do not migrate .", "It is a resident bird ; i.e. , most birds do not migrate ." ]
[ "Letts is a city of Iowa in the United States .", "Letts is a city in Louisa County , Iowa , United States ." ]
[ "Hutton hit on a variety of ideas to explain the rock strata he saw around him . According to Playfair he `` was in no haste to publish his theory ; for he was one of those who are much more delighted with the contemplation of truth , than with the praise of having discovered itâ .", "Hutton hit on a variety of i...
[ "Over time there was a convergence between these views , but Lyell 's description of the development of geological ideas led to a belief that uniformitarianism had triumphed .", "Over time there was a convergence in views , but Lyell 's description of the development of geological ideas led to wide belief that un...
[ "James Hutton MD ( Edinburgh , ( 14 June 1726 - 26 March 1797 ) was a Scottish geologist , physician , naturalist , chemist and experimental farmer .", "James Hutton MD ( Edinburgh , 3 June 1726 OS ( 14 June 1726 NS ) - 26 March 1797 ) was a Scottish geologist , physician , naturalist , chemist and experimental f...
[ "Hutton later read an abstract of his Concerning the system of the Earth , its duration and stability on 4 July 1785 , which he had printed and circulated privately .", "Hutton subsequently read an abstract of his dissertation Concerning the System of the Earth , its Duration and Stability to Society meeting on 4...
[ "After some 25 years of work , his Theory of the Earth was read to meetings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1785 .", "After some 25 years of work , his Theory of the Earth ; or an Investigation of the Laws observable in the Composition , Dissolution , and Restoration of Land upon the Globe was read to meetin...
[ "Lyell 's books had widepread influence , not least on the up and coming young geologist Charles Darwin who read them with enthusiasm during his voyage on the Beagle .", "Lyell 's books had widepread influence , not least on the up and coming young geologist Charles Darwin who read them with enthusiasm during his...
[ "William Whewell coined the term uniformitarianism to describe Lyell 's version of the ideas . This was in contrast with catastrophism , the idea that the rocks recorded a series of catastrophes followed by repopulation by a new range of species .", "In a comment on the arguments of the 1830s , William Whewell co...
[ "At these places , the produced materials are tested before delivery . To test them , testing guidelines of industry or this firm are used .", "The test bay is a place such as a hall , a laboratory or sometimes a department where the produced articles are tested before delivery according to testing guidelines of ...
[ "The test bay is part of the quality management . The protocols written during testing are evidences in case of insurance issues , say .", "The test bay or test field is part of the quality management , and the protocols are the evidence in case of insurance issues , say ." ]
[ "Nantucket Memorial Airport ( airport code KACK ) serves the city of Nantucket , Massachusetts .", "Nantucket Memorial Airport is a public airport on the south side of the island of Nantucket in the U.S. state of Massachusetts ." ]
[ "Psyche can also refer to a person of Greek mythology .", "A psyche in mythology means a butterfly ." ]
[ "The article about her is at Psyche ( mythology ) The Ancient Greeks believed that the Psyche ( or soul ) was responsible for behavior .", "The Greeks believed that the soul or `` psyche '' was responsible for behavior ." ]
[ "Tatsunori Hisanaga ( born 23 December 1977 ) is a Japanese football player .", "Tatsunori Hisanaga is a Japanese footballer ." ]
[ "The first time phonetics was studied was 2,500 years ago in what is now India , with PÄ á ini , when he wrote about the place and manner of articulation of consonants in Sanskrit in his 5th century BC essay on Sanskrit linguistics .", "Phonetics was studied as early as 500 BC in ancient India , with PÄ á ini 's ...
[ "The major Indic scripts today order their consonants the way PÄ á ini did .", "The major Indic alphabets today order their consonants according to PÄ á ini 's classification ." ]
[ "Dolignon is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .", "Dolignon is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France ." ]
[ "She is also a supporter for the Tea Party Movement and founder of the House 's Tea Party Caucus .", "Bachmann is a supporter of the Tea Party movement and is founder of the House Tea Party Caucus ." ]
[ "Clermont is a city of Florida in the United States .", "The Florida Citrus Tower , one of the first constructed Florida landmarks , is located in Clermont ." ]
[ "It is located in the Islamabad Capital Territory , though the area has historically been a part of the crossroads of the Punjab region and the North-West Frontier Province ( the Margalla pass being a historic gateway to the North-West Frontier Province , and the Pothohar Plateau historically is a part of the Punja...
[ "Saint-Aignan-sur-Ro Ã `` is a commune of 926 people ( 1999 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France .", "Saint-Aignan-sur-Ro Ã `` is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France ." ]
[ "Olds is a city of Iowa in the United States .", "Olds is a city in Henry County , Iowa , United States ." ]
[ "He or she is the `` custodial parent '' .", "Terms of art such as `` primary custodial parent '' and `` primary residence '' have no legal meaning other than for determining tax status , and both parents are still said to be `` custodial parents '' ." ]
[ "Physical custody means : who looks after the child from day to day . It is about where a child will live .", "Physical custody involves the day-to-day care of a child and establishes where a child will live ." ]
[ "If a child lives with one parent , that parent has `` sole physical custody '' . He or she is the `` custodial parent '' .", "If a child lives with only one parent , that parent has sole physical custody and is said to be the custodial parent ." ]
[ "If a child lives with one parent , that parent has `` sole physical custody '' .", "If a child lives with both parents , each parent shares `` joint physical custody '' and each parent is said to be a `` custodial parent '' ." ]
[ "Child custody and guardianship are legal terms which are sometimes used to describe the legal relationship between a parent and his or her child . It includes such things as the right of the parent to make decisions for the child , and the parent 's duty to care for the child .", "Child custody and guardianship ...
[ "There may be `` joint custody '' , which means that both parents have custody over the child .", "Joint custody is an arrangement whereby both parents have legal custody and\\/or both parents have physical custody ." ]
[ "The other parent is the `` non-custodial parent '' , but they may have the right to visit the child .", "A non-custodial parent is a parent who does not have physical and\\/or legal custody of his\\/her child by court order ." ]
[ "Klaus Fischer ( born 27 December , 1949 ) is a former German football player .", "Klaus Fischer ( born 27 December 1949 ) is a German former football player and coach ." ]
[ "A flash ( also known as a tattoo flash ) is a design or picture that is used in order to create a tattoo .", "Hand-drawn , local tattoo flash was largely replaced by professional `` flash artists '' who produced prints of copyrighted flash and sold them at conventions or through the Internet . By the turn of the...
[ "Tresses is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France .", "Tresses is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ." ]
[ "He was drafted by the Ottawa Senators with the 291st overall pick in the 2003 NHL Draft and played 3 seasons with them before being traded to the Colorado Avalanche on February 18 , 2011 for Craig Anderson .", "He was drafted by the Senators in the ninth round of the 2003 NHL Entry Draft , 291st overall ." ]
[ "Brian Elliott ( born April 9 , 1985 in Newmarket , Ontario ) is a professional Canadian ice hockey goaltender that currently plays for the Colorado Avalanche of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) .", "Brian Elliott ( born April 9 , 1985 ) is a Canadian ice hockey goaltender currently playing for the Colorado Ava...
[ "A study by Hey has indicated that of the people migrating across this land bridge during that time period , only 70 left their genetic print in modern descendants .", "A study by Hey has indicated that of the people migrating across this land bridge during that time period , only 70 left their genetic print in m...
[ "Other land bridges around the world have been created and re-flooded in the same way : approximately 14,000 years ago , mainland Australia was linked to both New Guinea and Tasmania ; the British Isles were an extension of continental Europe via the dry bed of the English Channel ; and the dry basin of the South C...
[ "The Bering land bridge is significant for several reasons , not least because it is believed to have enabled human migration to the Americas from Asia about 25,000 years ago .", "The Bering land bridge is significant for several reasons , not least because it is believed to have enabled human migration to the Am...
[ "The Beringian land bridge is believed to have existed both in the glaciation that occurred before 35,000 BP and during the more recent period 22,000-7 ,000 years Before Present .", "The Beringian land bridge is believed to have existed both in the glaciation that occurred before 35,000 Before Present ( BP ) and ...
[ "During cycles of global cooling , such as the most recent ice age , enough sea water became concentrated in the ice caps of the Arctic and Antarctica that the subsequent drop in eustatic sea levels exposed shallow sea floors that have subsequently re-flooded .", "During cycles of global cooling , such as the mos...
[ "It was not glaciated because snowfall was extremely light the southwesterly winds from the Pacific Ocean lost their moisture over the fully glaciated Alaska Range .", "It was not glaciated because snowfall was extremely light due to the southwesterly winds from the Pacific Ocean having lost their moisture over t...
[ "Its greatest extension was about 1,000 miles ( 1,600 km ) north to south .", "The Bering land bridge was a land bridge roughly 1,000 miles ( 1,600 km ) north to south at its greatest extent , which joined present-day Alaska and eastern Siberia at various times during the Pleistocene ice ages ." ]
[ "It was isolated from populations in Asia for at least 5,000 years . Sometime after 16,500 years ago , it started to populate the Americas when the American glaciers that blocked the way southward melted .", "It is believed that a small human population of at most a few thousand survived the Last Glacial Maximum ...
[ "The Bering Strait , the Chukchi Sea to the north and the Bering Sea to the south , are all shallow seas ( maps , right ) .", "The Bering Strait , the Chukchi Sea to the north and the Bering Sea to the south , are all shallow seas ( see maps ) ." ]
[ "The word `` economy '' comes from the Greek word Î á 1\\/4 Î Î Î 1\\/2 Ï Î 1\\/4 Î Ï , meaning `` person who manages the house . ''", "The English words `` economy '' and `` economics '' can be traced back to the Greek words Î á 1\\/4 Î Î Î 1\\/2 Ï Î 1\\/4 Î Ï `` one who manages a household '' ( derived from Î á...
[ "In 1009 Ã Ã 3\\/4 elrÃ d UnrÃ d ( King Ethelred the Unready ) signed a document which agreed the size of Weston .", "In 1009 Ã Ã 3\\/4 elrÃ d UnrÃ d ( King Ethelred the Unready ) signed a charter at the Great Council which recognized the position and boundaries of Weston ." ]
[ "The document shows that Weston owned the crossings of the River Trent .", "The charter shows that Weston controlled the crossings of the Trent at , Weston Cliff , King 's Mills and Wilne ." ]
[ "This land was given to Morcar , the King 's chief minister .", "This land was then given to Morcar , the King 's chief minister , and he was unusually given rights that were normally reserved for the King alone ." ]
[ "Weston-on-Trent is a village and parish in Derbyshire .", "Weston-on-Trent is a village and civil parish in the South Derbyshire district of Derbyshire ." ]
[ "The land was at Weston upon Trent and at Morley , Smalley , Ingleby , Crich and Kidsley .", "The land was listed as eight hides at Weston upon Trent , and a hide at Morley , Smalley , Ingleby , Crich and Kidsley ." ]
[ "It is to the north of the River Trent .", "It is to the north of the River Trent and the Trent and Mersey Canal ." ]
[ "The Minnesota Wild are a NHL team based in Saint Paul , Minnesota .", "The Minnesota Wild are a professional ice hockey team based in St. Paul , Minnesota , United States ." ]
[ "Bergdietikon is a municipality of the district Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .", "Bergdietikon is a municipality in the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland ." ]
[ "Busnes is a commune . It is found in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .", "Busnes is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]
[ "Rottenschwil is a municipality of the district of Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .", "Rottenschwil is a municipality in the district of Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland ." ]
[ "However , the Montreal Canadiens have finished first overall 21 times , the most times in league history , although they have yet to win the Presidents ' Trophy .", "The Montreal Canadiens have finished first overall 21 times , the most times in league history , although this was most recently accomplished in , ...
[ "The Presidents ' Trophy is an award presented by the National Hockey League ( NHL ) to the team that finishes with the most points in the league during the regular season . If two teams tie for the most points , then the trophy goes to the team with the most wins .", "If there are two or more teams tied for firs...
[ "From 1937 to 1968 , the same rules now used for winning the Presidents ' Trophy were used to award the Prince of Wales Trophy .", "From 1937 to 1968 , the same criterion now observed for winning the Presidents ' Trophy was used to award the Prince of Wales Trophy ." ]
[ "The winning team is also awarded $ 350,000 in cash bonuses .", "The winning team is also awarded C$ 350,000 in cash bonuses ." ]
[ "Before the 1985 â `` 86 NHL season , the best team in the league during the regular season was allowed to hang a banner stating `` NHL League Champions '' .", "Prior to this , the best team in the league during the regular season was allowed to hang a banner stating `` NHL League Champions '' ." ]
[ "With the Modern Era expansion in the 1967 â `` 68 season and the start of the West Division , the Wales Trophy was awarded to the team that finished in first place in the East Division during the regular season .", "With the Modern Era expansion in the season and the creation of the West Division , the Wales Tro...
[ "The trophy was introduced at the start of the 1985 â `` 86 NHL season by the league 's Board of Governors .", "The trophy was introduced at the start of the NHL season by the league 's Board of Governors ." ]
[ "A cash bonus was given to each player on the team with the league 's best regular-season record during these years , to which the Presidents ' Trophy was added in 1985 â `` 86 .", "A cash bonus was given to each player on the team with the league 's best regular-season record during these years , to which the Pr...
[ "Seligenstadt is a city in the Offenbach Rural District in the state of Hesse , Germany .", "Seligenstadt is a town in the Offenbach district in the Regierungsbezirk of Darmstadt in Hesse , Germany ." ]
[ "The city consists out of the town Seligenstadt and the 2 former independent villages Froschhausen and Klein-Welzheim , both now urban districts of Seligenstadt . On 1 January 1977 they were united .", "In 1977 in the course of municipal reform in Hesse , the neighbouring communities of Froschhausen and Klein-Wel...
[ "In this time also the name was changed from ObermÃ 1\\/4 hlheim to Seligenstadt , because people brought some holy bones to the town .", "Martyrs Marcellinusâ s and Peterâ s bones , which had been stolen in Rome , were transferred from the basilica in Steinbach in the Odenwald to ObermÃ 1\\/4 hlheim , soon leadi...
[ "Around 830 the owner of the town started to build a great church , the Einhard-Basilika , and a monastery .", "About 830 , building work began on the Einhard-Basilika , now the landmark of this town on the Lower Main ." ]
[ "The city consists out of the town Seligenstadt and the 2 former independent villages Froschhausen and Klein-Welzheim , both now urban districts of Seligenstadt .", "Seligenstadtâ s Stadtteile are Seligenstadt , Klein-Welzheim and Froschhausen ." ]
[ "In 815 the name ObermÃ 1\\/4 hlheim was written down in a document for the first time .", "Seligenstadt had its first documentary mention on 11 January 815 in a donation document , under its then current name of ObermÃ 1\\/4 hlheim ." ]
[ "Before it was built , the tallest building in the world was the Singer Building . The Woolworth Building became the tallest four years later .", "It was the world 's tallest building for three years , until 1913 , when it was surpassed by the Woolworth Building ." ]
[ "Å '' agaÅ is a town in the west part of Poland . 26,665 people lived there in 2004 .", "Å '' agaÅ ( French and ) is a town on the BÃ br river in western Poland , with 26,665 inhabitants ( 2004 ) ." ]
[ "The double title , both Prussian and French , meant that the duc de Sagan was a neutral party in the Second World War . His house ( the ChÃ cents teau de ValenÃ ay ) was a safe place to keep pictures and other things from the Louvre when German soldiers were in France .", "The double title , both Prussian and Fr...
[ "It is the main town of part of Poland called Å '' agaÅ County .", "Historically the seat of the Silesian Dukes of Sagan , the town is the capital of Å '' agaÅ County ." ]
[ "It was released on July 9 , 2002 by record label Warner Bros. .", "The album was released on July 9 , 2002 on Warner Bros. ." ]
[ "It sold over 282,000 copies in the first week , and reached the number two position on the Billboard 200 chart .", "It sold over 286,000 copies in the first week , and peaked at number two on the Billboard 200 ." ]
[ "The singles from the album were `` By the Way '' , `` The Zephyr Song '' , `` Ca n't Stop '' , `` Dosed '' and `` Universally Speaking '' .", "The singles from the album included `` By the Way '' , `` The Zephyr Song '' , `` Ca n't Stop '' , `` Dosed '' and `` Universally Speaking '' ." ]
[ "The Balkan range runs 560 km from eastern Serbia eastward through central Bulgaria to Cape Emine on the Black Sea .", "The Balkan range runs 560 km from the Vrashka Chuka Peak on the border between Bulgaria and eastern Serbia eastward through central Bulgaria to Cape Emine on the Black Sea ." ]
[ "The highest peaks of the Stara planina itself are in central Bulgaria .", "The highest peaks of the Stara planina are in central Bulgaria ." ]
[ "There are several ways to allow the end-word to stay on the same line , without wrapping .", "There are several methods to allow the end-word to stay on the same line , without wrapping ." ]
[ "( a ) - Only part of the lyrics are listed , to keep them short , per copyright laws limiting display to 10 % , or prohibiting the display of an entire performable unit , of a composition .", "( a ) - The lyrics are truncated , to keep them short , per copyright restrictions limiting display to 10 % , or prohibi...
[ "The wrapping of end-quotes grew to be so common , during 2005-2010 , that it has become instinctive to expect an end-quote to almost always be prematurely wrapped onto a second line , and the first line to be truncated as bizarrely too short .", "The wrapping of end-quotes grew to be so common , during 2005-2009...
[ "( Only part of the lyrics are listed , to keep them short , per copyright laws limiting to 10 % , or prohibiting the display of an entire performable unit , of a song ) .", "( The lyrics are truncated , to keep them short , per copyright restrictions limiting to 10 % , or prohibiting the display of an entire per...
[ "Moving a distracting tag-box can greatly improve the readability for readers , who might otherwise become surprised and alarmed by a 2-year-old gripe box which someone threw on the page , unopposed , years ago . Some tag-boxes give the idea that the box must be read to avoid very dangerous information in an articl...
[ "Perhaps the single greatest improvement to many articles is to lower those grandstanding top tag-boxes that proclaim , `` This article is bad : change it now '' .", "Perhaps the single greatest improvement to many articles is to lower those grandstanding top tag-boxes that proclaim , `` This article is defective...
[ "Hisashi Kato ( born 24 April 1956 ) is a former Japanese football player .", "Hisashi Kato ( born April 24 , 1956 in Japan ) is a Japanese football manager and former player ." ]
[ "This was the culmination of research in the 1930s and early 1940s at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research to purify and characterize the `` transforming principle '' responsible for the phenomenon first described in Griffith 's experiment of 1928 . In this early experiment dead Streptococcus pneumoniae o...
[ "The five departements are called `` historical Brittany '' .", "In 1956 , French Regions were created by gathering Departements between them . The Region of Brittany comprises , since then , four of the five Breton dÃ partements ( 80 % of historical Brittany ) , while the remaining area of the old Brittany , the...
[ "He played in the National Hockey League for the Boston Bruins and in the WHA for the Cincinnati Stingers .", "He played in the NHL for the Boston Bruins and in the WHA for the Cincinnati Stingers ." ]
[ "Actually , his brother Michael Haydn had written one earlier .", "Actually , his brother Michael Haydn had written one such symphony earlier , No. 36 ." ]
[ "Haydn 's Symphony No. 98 , which had both trumpet and timpani , is known as the first symphony that anyone had written in that key .", "Joseph Haydn 's Symphony No. 98 is credited as the first symphony he ( or anyone else ) wrote in that key in which he included trumpet and timpani parts ." ]
[ "B-flat major is a good key for most wind instruments , especially those for which it is their home key , such as clarinets , trumpets , saxophones , and the flutes in B-flat .", "B-flat major is a suitable key for most wind instruments , especially those for which it is their home key , such as clarinets , trump...
[ "B major or B-flat major is a major scale starting on B-flat . Its key signature has two flats .", "B major or B-flat major is a major scale based on B-flat , consisting of the pitches ( ( Bâ ( musical note ) B ) ) , C , D , ( ( Eâ ( musical note ) E ) ) , F , G , and A. Its key signature has two flats , B\\/E ( ...
[ "B major or B-flat major is a major scale starting on B-flat .", "Also see : B-flat minor , or B major ." ]
[ "However , Joseph Haydn still gets credit for writing the timpani part at actual pitch with an F major key signature ( instead of transposing with a C major key signature ) , something that made things easier and made more sense .", "Though Joseph still gets credit for writing the timpani part at actual pitch wit...
[ "They include cytosine , guanine , adenine , thymine in ( DNA ) , uracil in ( RNA ) and xanthine and hypoxanthine ( mutated forms of guanine and adenine ) . These are abbreviated as C , G , A , T , U , X and HX respectively .", "The primary nucleobases are cytosine , guanine , adenine ( DNA and RNA ) , thymine ( ...
[ "Because A , G , C and T appear in the DNA , these molecules are called DNA-bases ; A , G , C and U are called RNA-bases .", "Because A , G , C , and T appear in the DNA , these molecules are called DNA-bases ; A , G , C , and U are called RNA-bases ." ]

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