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2021-01-01 | Digital wireless systems employing linear modulation methods are particularly susceptible to the in-band distortions created via multipath fading. Further, this susceptibility increases, in general, as the number of modulation states increases. There is constant pressure to improve spectral efficiency as a way to incre... | Performance Optimization Techniques | 10.1007/978-3-030-74080-1_5 |
2021-01-01 | This review of literature on Biophysics of Insect Flight can broadly be divided into four subdivisions. Early experimental investigations on wingbeat frequency and related parameters using simple mechanical, optical and electrical devices were carried out during 1934–1955. Advanced flight techniques for finding wingbea... | Flight a Retrospect a Brief Review | 10.1007/978-981-16-5184-7_2 |
2021-01-01 | In this work, a new unique type DC–DC chopper with improved performance is proposed to drive back end of the electric drive system. The topology comprises of one magnetically coupled coil, three capacitors and four diodes connected to DC load. With this configuration, the conversion range is improved with less conducti... | A Modified Coupled Inductor with Switched Capacitor Based High Step-Up Converter for Electric Drive Systems | 10.1007/978-981-15-8221-9_253 |
2021-01-01 | The topography of some northern provinces of Thailand is mountainous. Hence, many areas are subject to landslides. Landslides can cause severe disruption in public utilities and services, such as transportation, electricity, and telecommunication networks. Triggers for a landslide in one area often originate from remot... | Experiments on LoRa Communication Used in a Relay Station Network for Disaster Management | 10.1007/978-3-030-68133-3_22 |
2021-01-01 | In the Internet of Things (IoT) framework, the pivotal element is Low power and Lossy Networks (LLNs). Due to constraints on nodes in terms of memory and power consumption, the protocol used for routing has to be chosen with utmost prominence. This in turn decides the lifetime of a node. This paper includes Routing Pro... | Overview and Analysis of RPL Protocol Objective Functions | 10.1007/978-981-16-1056-1_26 |
2021-01-01 | The methods to improve the quality of low-resource neural machine translation (NMT) include: change the token granularity to reduce the number of low-frequency words; generate pseudo-parallel corpus from large-scale monolingual data to optimize model parameters; Use the auxiliary knowledge of pre-trained model to train... | Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation Using XLNet Pre-training Model | 10.1007/978-3-030-86383-8_40 |
2021-01-01 | In this paper, we consider the uplink transmission of a heterogeneous MTC network with massive number of delay-insensitive terminals and URLLC terminals coexistence, and propose a novel double-threshold-based massive random access (DT-MRA) protocol. On the one hand, the proposed DT-MRA protocol allows partial delay-ins... | Double-Threshold-Based Massive Random Access Protocol for Heterogeneous MTC Networks | 10.1007/978-3-030-67514-1_40 |
2021-01-01 | Daylight and ventilation effective design guidelines remain under-researched in the current habitat design policies of India. This study is of its first kind where environmental metrics and occupant health status were investigated together in the recently developed two hyperdense multirise slum rehabilitation housing (... | Association Between Built-Environment and Livability: Case of Mumbai Slum Rehabs | 10.1007/978-981-33-4114-2_6 |
2021-01-01 | Purpose : The research purpose consists in identifying efficient practices and prospects for the development of green energy in the post-Soviet space by means of comparative analysis of trends and conditions for supporting renewable energy generation in Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine. Design/methodology/approach : The ... | Conditions and Trends of Green Energy Development in the Largest Economies of the Post-soviet Space | 10.1007/978-3-030-59126-7_18 |
2021-01-01 | In these present study, two different series of experiments such as evaluation for toxicity and therapeutic of effectiveness of Aesculus hippocastanum co-administered low viscosity of sodium alginate has been carried out by using rat model (Acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis). Acute and subacute toxicities were per... | Evaluation for Toxicity and Improved Therapeutic Effectiveness of Natural Polymer Co-administered Along with Venocin in Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis Using Rat Model | 10.1007/978-981-15-6329-4_19 |
2021-01-01 | A low-power, single-output ring voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) has been presented in this paper. Circuit diagram for proposed VCO is designed in 0.18 μm CMOS process. For proposed ring VCO, a controllable delay cell has been implemented that consists of a three transistors NAND gate inverter with MOS resistive tun... | A Low-Power Ring Voltage-Controlled Oscillator with MOS Resistor Tuning for Wireless Application | 10.1007/978-981-15-4992-2_16 |
2021-01-01 | More and more city want to practice low carbon city, different cities have different background and need different measures in order to achieve their specific LCC objective, so tailor-made measures for each city are needed. Low carbon city (LCC) measures must be selected in a way which have suitable for the characteris... | Experience Mining Based Innovative Method for Practicing Low Carbon City | 10.1007/978-981-15-8892-1_12 |
2021-01-01 | The integration of inverter-based distributed generations (IBDGs) is gaining huge popularity in the modern distribution network owing to its clean generation in comparison to the conventional sources. Such deployment poses a problem for protection system engineers to maintain reliable, dependable and coordinated operat... | Adaptive Relaying Scheme for a Distribution Network with Highly Penetrated Inverter Based Distributed Generations | 10.1007/978-981-15-5955-6_24 |
2021-01-01 | Pre-training methods have been proven to significantly improve language understanding ability of the model. However, when dealing with machine translation tasks involving two or more languages, the pre-training method can only handle a single language and prevent further improvement of machine translation performance. ... | Autoregressive Pre-training Model-Assisted Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation | 10.1007/978-3-030-89363-7_4 |
2021-01-01 | Leakage current of low-voltage power grid lines will cause major safety hazards such as personal electric shock and electrical fire. Traditional leakage current protectors can not play their due protection role due to their quality problems and aging, and other reasons. When leakage current accidents occur, traditional... | Design of Leakage Current Monitoring System for Low Voltage Power Grid Based on NB-IoT | 10.1007/978-3-030-69717-4_64 |
2021-01-01 | Most of the real world signals have analog behavior. In order to convert these analog signals to digital, we need an analog to digital converter (ADC). In the architecture of ADC’s, comparators are the fundamental blocks. The usage of these dynamic comparators are maximized because of demand for low-power, area efficie... | Design of Dynamic Comparator for Low-Power and High-Speed Applications | 10.1007/978-981-15-7961-5_110 |
2021-01-01 | Prior frugal innovation studies have highlighted their role in promoting ecological and social sustainability. The way enterprises coordinate a value proposition with the upstream and downstream value chain activities and a workable financial model is noted to be key in the delivery of innovations. However, the extant ... | New Business Models for Frugal Innovation: Experience from an Enterprise Supporting Sustainable Smallholder Agriculture in Kenya | 10.1007/978-3-030-67119-8_8 |
2021-01-01 | Early preimplantation embryos are precious and scarce samples that contain limited numbers of cells, which can be problematic for quantitative gene expression analyses. Nonetheless, low-input genome-wide techniques coupled with cDNA amplification steps have become a gold standard for RNA profiling of as minimal as a si... | Deciphering the Early Mouse Embryo Transcriptome by Low-Input RNA-Seq | 10.1007/978-1-0716-0958-3_13 |
2021-01-01 | The modified Z -source inverters, which ensure better power conversion in multiple voltage levels to achieve build on power quality, improved electromagnetic compatibility, voltage boosting and minimum switching losses. For the purpose of comparison, examination of existing Z -source inverter topologies under different... | Performance Analysis of Grid Connected Modified Z-Source High Step up Inverter for Solar Photovoltaic System | 10.1007/978-981-15-5285-4_56 |
2021-01-01 | Millions of children worldwide will not reach their potential in terms of education and development. However, it is widely known that investment in high-quality early childhood development (ECD) pays rich dividends throughout the lifespan of an individual, impacting their own lives, families, and communities in a posit... | Promoting Social Cohesion and Peacebuilding Through Investment in Early Childhood Development Programs | 10.1007/978-3-030-77688-6_17 |
2021-01-01 | The importance of groundwater potential zone (GWPZ) is a vital aspect for the society as directly or indirectly it sustains and supports the urban, crop irrigation and industrial activities. This study involves multi-parametric comparative geospatial modelling for delineation of potential groundwater zones. The Remote ... | Efficacy of Geospatial Technologies for Groundwater Prospect Zonation in Lower Western Ghats Area of Maharashtra, India | 10.1007/978-3-030-62397-5_6 |
2021-01-01 | Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are one of the most common forms of infection in children. Bronchoscopy has become an invaluable tool for the diagnosis and treatment of children with complicated or recalcitrant infections. It allows for both visualization of airway and mucosal surfaces and local sampling tha... | Bronchoalveolar Lavage: Microbial Evaluation | 10.1007/978-3-030-54924-4_9 |
2021-01-01 | In a widely used fixed precision environment a uniform best possible accuracy is desired throughout the concerned domain. In this environment, generally the accuracy of numerical computation is good in some regions of the domain while in some other regions it may not be so good or even may be considered bad. Special ca... | Numerical Computation in Spiky Domain | 10.1007/978-3-030-61334-1_1 |
2021-01-01 | Lower crossed syndrome (LCS) is an imbalance of muscles in the lower body segment. Muscle imbalance with prolonged sitting may increase the risk of low back pain. The objective of this study was to study the lumbopelvic-hip angle in upright and freestyle sitting in healthy and LCS individuals. Thirty office workers (no... | Lumbo-Pelvic-Hip Angle Changes During Upright and Free Style Sitting in Office Workers with Lower Crossed Syndrome | 10.1007/978-3-030-74009-2_68 |
2021-01-01 | The goal of this project was to use ergonomic design principles to evaluate a 3-dimensional computer simulation of a manikin in a clinical laboratory setting for individuals with lower limb disabilities. The first step was to use the University of Michigan 3D Static Strength Prediction Program (3D SSPP) to determine bi... | Ergonomic Design, Evaluation and Application of a 3-Dimensional Simulation of a Clinical Setting for People with Lower Limb Disabilities | 10.1007/978-3-030-74605-6_36 |
2021-01-01 | In the current situation, the problem that we are facing in the WSN is energy consumption of the sensor node, and it is the main challenge in the WSN. So, regarding this energy consumption issue, many researchers have proposed many protocols which give the best results in lifetime of network, consuming the less energy ... | An Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Deployment for Lifetime Maximization by Optimizing Through Improved Particle Swarm Optimization | 10.1007/978-981-16-0882-7_3 |
2021-01-01 | Postural control involves a combination of stability and postural orientation, necessary for maintaining a position in space, moving in a controlled and coordinated fashion, and carrying out functional daily activities; it is mainly maintained by balance and stability which if well-developed may enhance the functional ... | Influence of Indian Classical Dancing on the Postural Stability of Adult Bengalee Females | 10.1007/978-981-15-9054-2_98 |
2021-01-01 | Future powertrain concepts for Off-Highway applications must meet very challenging requirements. In addition to compliance with ever more stringent pollutant emission targets, customers expect favorable performance and reliability characteristics at low total cost of ownership. In this context, the application of hybri... | Mild Hybrid Powertrain Concepts for Off-Highway Applications | 10.1007/978-3-658-34362-0_5 |
2020-12-23 | To widen bridges, a usual method is to cast joint connections between new and old bridge decks without traffic interruption. The traffic vibrations have negative influence on the quality of joint connections. Shortening the construction time can alleviate the impact on the traffics, a fast-hardening retarding high-earl... | Development of a fast-hardening retarding high-early-strength concrete with low-alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement and practical application | 10.1186/s43251-020-00024-5 |
2020-12-12 | Magnetic fields play a fundamental role for interior and atmospheric properties of M dwarfs and greatly influence terrestrial planets orbiting in the habitable zones of these low-mass stars. Determination of the strength and topology of magnetic fields, both on stellar surfaces and throughout the extended stellar magne... | Magnetic fields of M dwarfs | 10.1007/s00159-020-00130-3 |
2020-12-10 | Background Training is a common and cost-effective way of trying to improve quality of care in low- and middle-income countries but studies of contextual factors for the successful translation of increased knowledge into clinical change are lacking, especially in primary care. The purpose of this study was to assess th... | No time for change? Impact of contextual factors on the effect of training primary care healthcare workers in Kyrgyzstan and Vietnam on how to manage asthma in children - A FRESH AIR implementation study | 10.1186/s12913-020-05984-y |
2020-12-07 | Background An ultrasensitive malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) was recently developed for the improved detection of low-density Plasmodium falciparum infections. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of the Pf HRP2-based Abbott Malaria Ag P. falciparum ultrasensitive RDT (uRDT) to that of the convent... | Field performance of ultrasensitive and conventional malaria rapid diagnostic tests in southern Mozambique | 10.1186/s12936-020-03526-9 |
2020-12-06 | Stainless steel (SS) canisters used for storing spent nuclear waste are prone to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking. Friction stir welding (FSW), being a low heat input process, can be used for repair welding of these canisters. In this study, an artificial crack was introduced on the 304L SS coupons by an elec... | Pitting behavior of friction stir repair-welded 304L stainless steel in 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature: role of grain and defect structures | 10.1007/s42452-020-03935-0 |
2020-12-05 | Background Low back pain (LBP) is the first cause of years lived with disability worldwide. This is due to the development of chronic pain. Thus, it is necessary to identify the best therapeutic approaches in the acute phase of LBP to limit the transition to chronic pain. Superficial heat presents the highest level of ... | Effect of thermal therapy and exercises on acute low back pain: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial | 10.1186/s12891-020-03829-7 |
2020-12-04 | Background This study aimed to investigate the association between enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing program and stoma-related complications (SRCs) and prognosis in patients with low rectal cancer (LRC) undergoing abdominoperineal resection with sigmoidostomy. Methods LRC patients who underwent elective ab... | Enhanced recovery after surgery nursing program, a protective factor for stoma-related complications in patients with low rectal cancer | 10.1186/s12893-020-00978-3 |
2020-12-03 | Large integration of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbines (WTs) into power networks can have significant consequences for power system operation and the quality of the energy supplied due to their excessive sensitivity towards grid disturbances. Under voltage dips, the resulting overcurrent and ove... | Improving low-voltage ride-through capability of a multimegawatt DFIG based wind turbine under grid faults | 10.1186/s41601-020-00172-w |
2020-12-02 | Based on the spectrum identified in our earlier work [ 1 ], we numerically solve the bootstrap to determine four-point correlation functions of the geometrical connectivities in the Q -state Potts model. Crucial in our approach is the existence of “interchiral conformal blocks”, which arise from the degeneracy of field... | Geometrical four-point functions in the two-dimensional critical Q-state Potts model: the interchiral conformal bootstrap | 10.1007/JHEP12(2020)019 |
2020-12-01 | Here we review recent progress in cooling micro-/nanoelectronic devices significantly below 10 mK. A number of groups worldwide are working to produce sub-millikelvin on-chip electron temperatures, motivated by the possibility of observing new physical effects and improving the performance of quantum technologies, sens... | Progress in Cooling Nanoelectronic Devices to Ultra-Low Temperatures | 10.1007/s10909-020-02472-9 |
2020-12-01 | Asphalt mixture pavement reheating is one of the important steps in hot in-place recycling (HIR). To improve the heating speed of asphalt pavement in HIR, based on the numerical analysis model of asphalt mixture heating process, a new multi-layer low-temperature heating method (MLHM) was proposed. Considering input hea... | Numerical simulation analysis on multi-layer low-temperature heating method of asphalt pavement in hot in-place recycling | 10.1007/s11771-020-4577-6 |
2020-12-01 | The water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) is an intermediate reaction in hydrocarbon reforming processes, considered one of the most important reactions for hydrogen production. Here, water and carbon monoxide molecules react to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide. From the thermodynamics aspect, pressure does not have an i... | A review of recent advances in water-gas shift catalysis for hydrogen production | 10.1007/s42247-020-00116-y |
2020-12-01 | Abstract In order to investigate the effects of the ventilation conditions on the rural domestic waste composting efficiency at low ambient temperature, three composting groups, which were carried out in self-designed high-efficiency, low-energy-consuming aerobic composting reactor, were compared: hot-blast air group (... | Strategy to Strengthen Rural Domestic Waste Composting at Low Temperature: Choice of Ventilation Condition | 10.1007/s12649-020-00943-4 |
2020-12-01 | Abstract This article presents estimates of damage and lifetime of welded 09G2S structures upon operation under severe conditions of the Arctic and subarctic regions. Accumulation of damage in steel subjected to low temperature ductile–brittle transition has been estimated by measurement of impact toughness in samples ... | Estimation of Reliability of 09G2S Steel Structures Operating in the North and the Arctic | 10.1134/S0020168520150078 |
2020-12-01 | Sensitive materials in gas sensors sometimes need to be activated at a certain high temperature. High working temperature, however, is one of the main obstacles of fabricating gas sensor. In this paper, a hydrogen sulfide gas sensor based on cataluminescence at lower temperature than 150 °C was reported. The sensitive ... | High-performance hydrogen sulfide gas sensor based on Pd/Fe2O3–Zr4MnO10: working conditions optimization by response surface methodology | 10.1007/s13738-020-02001-1 |
2020-12-01 | In this paper, organic montmorillonite (OMMT) was added into crumb rubber modified asphalt (CRMA) to improve its high temperature performance, anti-aging performance and storage stability. The effects of different OMMT content on properties of CRMA were studied. The rutting factor obtained by dynamic shear rheological ... | Laboratory investigation on effects of organic montmorillonite on performance of crumb rubber modified asphalt | 10.1007/s11771-020-4578-5 |
2020-12-01 | La 0.75 Sr 0.25 Cr 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 3- δ (LSCM) anodes incorporated with Ag paste (AP) sintered at a relatively low temperature of 900 °C were evaluated. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy displayed that the optimal electrochemical performance was acquired by incorporating 40 wt% Ag paste into the LSCM m... | Investigation of La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-δ–Ag composite anodes for solid oxide fuel cells obtained via a low-temperature sintering process | 10.1007/s11581-020-03750-y |
2020-12-01 | Crop production depends on the interaction of climatic factors and agricultural management, such as nitrogen (N) fertilizer input in agricultural ecosystems. Understanding crop yield responses to climatic factors and N fertilizer supply can help select appropriate cultivars and develop appropriate measures to achieve t... | Impact of Climatic Factors and Nitrogen Levels Drivers on Crop Yield in the Arid Region of China | 10.1007/s42106-020-00107-3 |
2020-12-01 | Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is emerging as a promising technique of water production in remote and isolated areas away from natural water resources. The present study describes potential of the AWH from low-humid regions under the climatic conditions of Hail city (27.64° N, 41.75° E) in Saudi Arabia. Trapezoidal... | Atmospheric Water Harvesting from Low-Humid Regions of Hail City in Saudi Arabia | 10.1007/s11053-020-09662-y |
2020-12-01 | This paper examines the effectiveness of combining biochar and compost to test if organic fertilizers can be enhanced by the addition of biochar in the active phase of composting high-nitrogen source materials. Therefore, a small-scale experiment was conducted for 40 days to investigate the effects of nitrogen conserva... | Optimization of biochar additions for enriching nitrogen in active phase low-temperature composting | 10.1007/s13165-020-00287-2 |
2020-12-01 | Abstract In this study, rheological and thermal decomposition behavior of AISI 4605 MIM feedstock investigated using capillary and thermogravimetric analysis. For this purpose and in order to find the critical solids loading, the feedstock was prepared by compounding AISI 4605 micro powder (~ 4 µm) with an adopted mult... | Rheological and Thermal Characterization of AISI 4605 Low-Alloy Steel Feedstock for Metal Injection Molding Process | 10.1007/s12540-019-00442-9 |
2020-12-01 | Cu loaded on different morphologies of CeO 2 were synthesized and tested by SEM and CO catalytic oxidation experiment, the results indicated that with the same Cu load, nanorod-like Cu/CeO 2 performed the best catalytic activity than 3D flower-like Cu/CeO 2 and gear-like Cu/CeO 2 . Then nanorod-like Cu/CeO 2 were chose... | Cu/CeO2 as efficient low-temperature CO oxidation catalysts: effects of morphological structure and Cu content | 10.1007/s11144-020-01870-0 |
2020-12-01 | In this paper, the effect of the thermal barrier coated (TBC) on top of the piston used in CI engine was investigated when diesel and jatropha biodiesel (JB 100) were used as fuel. Two pistons were selected for TBC coating with a thickness of 50 μ as a bond coat and 250 μ as a topcoat. The first piston was coated with ... | Experimental Analysis and Energy Balance on Thermal Barrier-Coated Piston Diesel Engine Using Biodiesel | 10.1007/s40032-020-00604-4 |
2020-12-01 | Abstract— This study is devoted to the features of friction of fluoroplastic-containing composite coatings under low-velocity loading. | Low-Velocity Friction of Fluoroplastic-Containing Coatings | 10.3103/S1052618820120067 |
2020-12-01 | Abstract —The deformation behavior and structure of 16.5Cr–18.8Mn–0.53N–0.07C steel deformed by tension in the temperature range from –196 to + 20°С have been investigated. A stage with a constant strain-hardening rate has been shown to be present in the temperature range –65 < t ≤ 20°C, which at –65 < t < 0°C is perio... | Deformation Behavior and Structural Evolution of Stainless Cr–Mn–N Steel during Low-Temperature Tension | 10.1134/S0031918X2012008X |
2020-12-01 | Pyrolysis is a very potential sludge treatment technology that is low-cost and environmentally friendly; particularly, the pyrolysis sewage sludge char (SC) can be used as a catalyst support To improve the NO conversion efficiency of sludge char based catalysts, they were activated by potassium hydroxide and phosphoric... | Improvement of low-temperature NH3-SCR catalytic activity over Mn-Ce oxide catalysts supported on sewage sludge char activated with KOH and H3PO4 | 10.1007/s11814-020-0635-x |
2020-12-01 | Abstract The article presents the results of research carried out in the development of technology for soldering pipelines of small diameter of aluminum alloys and dissimilar materials. The advantages of the alternative design of the collector of the heat exchanger of the spacecraft with brazed joints in comparison wit... | Development of Technology for Soldering Small-Diameter Pipelines from Aluminum Alloys and Dissimilar Materials | 10.1134/S0038094620070187 |
2020-12-01 | Hydrocarbon expulsion occurs only when pore fluid pressure due to hydrocarbon generation in source rock exceeds the force against migration in the adjacent carrier beds. Taking the Middle–Upper Ordovician carbonate source rock of Tarim Basin in China as an example, this paper proposes a method that identifies effective... | Method for identifying effective carbonate source rocks: a case study from Middle–Upper Ordovician in Tarim Basin, China | 10.1007/s12182-020-00489-z |
2020-12-01 | Recently, low-density Fe–Mn–Al–C steels have attracted attention because of their low density with excellent combinations of strength and ductility. They can be divided into three categories: ferritic steels, duplex steels and austenitic steels, depending on the microstructure. The solidification of five duplex low-den... | Effect of Ni on solidification of duplex low-density steels | 10.1007/s10973-020-10254-4 |
2020-12-01 | In many parts of India, because of depletion in high grade iron ore, efforts are focused on the use of low-grade iron ore for steel production. As an alternative iron source, low-grade banded iron ores have attracted attention. The beneficiation and utilization of banded iron ore is closely connected to their mineralog... | Mineralogical Characterization-Assisted Reduction Roasting of Banded Hematite Jasper Ore | 10.1007/s40033-020-00234-1 |
2020-12-01 | Plasma spraying of fine particles promises uniform microstructure and improved properties for ceramic coatings due to the formation of small splats with reduced residual stress and pore size. Although spraying fine particles is challenging due to the poor rheological properties of particles (e.g., low flowability and a... | Ceramic Coatings Deposited from Fine Particles by Different Spraying Processes | 10.1007/s11666-020-01095-6 |
2020-12-01 | Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers has realized the clean and efficient utilization of inferior coal like gangue and coal slime, high sulfur coal, anthracite, petroleum coke, oil shale and other resources. As a country with the largest amount of CFB boilers and the largest installed capacity in the world, China ha... | Development and technical progress in large-scale circulating fluidized bed boiler in China | 10.1007/s11708-020-0666-3 |
2020-12-01 | Hot wire anemometer (HWA) is a widely used instrument to perform experimental measurements in laminar, transitional and turbulent flows. A pure, low-cost tungsten filament from an ordinary light bulb is utilized as a hot wire sensor for the analysis of different configurations of constant voltage anemometer (CVA). Expe... | Experimental Investigation and Uncertainty Analysis of Constant Voltage Anemometer Using Low-Cost Sensor | 10.1007/s40998-020-00332-6 |
2020-12-01 | Introduction Pd/Ti double-layer thin film as non-evaporable getter (NEG) was deposited by sublimation, and its activation temperature was as low as 100 °C. The Pd film was deposited in situ after Ti deposition to ensure no oxidization on Ti film. Pumping speed test and characterization method The pumping speed of the c... | Deposition and characterization of Pd–Ti thin film by sublimation | 10.1007/s41605-020-00199-5 |
2020-12-01 | Abstract The cycle configuration at two-frequency loading modes depends on the number of parameters, including the absolute values of the frequencies and amplitudes of the low-frequency and high-frequency loads added during this mode, the ratio of their frequencies and amplitudes, and the phase shift between these harm... | Calculation and Experimental Estimation of the Role of the Frequency Ratio in Changing the Durability at Two-Frequency Deformation Modes | 10.1134/S0020168520150042 |
2020-12-01 | Leaves of Conocarpus erectus are potential feedstock for bioethanol production due to their lower lignin and higher cellulosic content and are among one of the least explored biomass sources. The present study reported a low-temperature (90 °C) energy-efficient pretreatment method for the release of fermentable sugars ... | Optimization of low-temperature energy-efficient pretreatment for enhanced saccharification and fermentation of Conocarpus erectus leaves to produce ethanol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 10.1007/s13399-019-00529-8 |
2020-12-01 | Abstract The LiI–KI–CsI ternary system has a eutectic point at 204 °C. In this study, the electrodeposition of Ti in eutectic LiI–KI–CsI at 300 °C and 250 °C was investigated. Firstly, the concentration of Ti 2+ in the eutectic molten salt was measured at 300 °C under TiI 2 -saturated condition. We determined the conce... | Low-temperature electrodeposition of titanium in molten iodides | 10.1007/s10800-020-01470-9 |
2020-12-01 | Climate response to low warming scenarios that meet 2015 Paris Agreement is distinct from that to the medium/high-emissions scenarios analyzed in previous studies. The present study investigates changes in the North Pacific subtropical gyre and the underlying mechanisms under 1.5 °C low warming scenario by 11-member en... | Changes in the North Pacific subtropical gyre under 1.5 °C low warming scenario | 10.1007/s00382-020-05436-7 |
2020-12-01 | Protease is a kind of enzyme with different applications in medicine and industry. The limitation of the enzymes in industry is lack of tolerance for harsh conditions (high temperature, pH, and low water condition). This study intends to evaluate in silico study and screen the alkaline serine protease producing bacteri... | In Silico Study of Alkaline Serine Protease and Production Optimization in Bacillus sp. Khoz1 Closed Bacillus safensis Isolated from Honey | 10.1007/s10989-020-10016-8 |
2020-12-01 | As an important part of the continental lithosphere, the continental lower crust can influence and control many important geodynamic processes, which are of great significance to the evolution of the lithosphere. Extensive plastic deformation is common in continental lower crust. There have been many studies focusing o... | Effects of Water on the Rheology of Dominant Minerals and Rocks in the Continental Lower Crust: A Review | 10.1007/s12583-020-1307-9 |
2020-12-01 | Abstract In recent times, the increasing demand for pure tungsten and its compounds in defense, medicine, high technology, and emerging innovations due to its excellent properties such as its tensile strength, corrosion resistance, and high modulus of elasticity cannot be overemphasized. In this study, an acid leaching... | Low-Energy Feasibility for Leaching an Indigenous Scheelite Ore for Industrial Applications | 10.1007/s40831-020-00301-7 |
2020-12-01 | Background Low-frequency (20–200 Hz) noise (LFN) from wind turbines has received much public attention due to potential health concerns. This work tries to estimate the sound power level of wind turbines ( L W ,A (dB)) at 20–200 Hz, which are not provided by manufacturers but essential for estimating LFN exposure ( L A... | Assessment of low-frequency noise from wind turbines under different weather conditions | 10.1007/s40201-020-00478-9 |
2020-12-01 | La modified TiO 2 prepared by sol–gel method as the support of Fe–Mn/TiO 2 ( x La) catalyst significantly improved SO 2 resistance. La inhibited the growth of TiO 2 particle, and led to the obvious layered structure of TiO 2 and more mesopores, which accelerated the decomposition of ammonium sulfate. The increase of Br... | La Modified Fe–Mn/TiO2 Catalysts to Improve SO2 Resistance for NH3-SCR at Low-Temperature | 10.1007/s10563-020-09309-1 |
2020-12-01 | Tuning the salinity and concentration of potential-determining ions, such as Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , and SO 4 2− , could alter the wettability toward a more water-wet state. The rate of alteration in carbonate rock wettability is a critical parameter to design the duration of the ion-engineered water flooding. Characteristic e... | Impact of SO42−, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions in Caspian Sea ion-engineered water on the rate of wettability alteration in carbonates | 10.1007/s13202-020-01006-z |
2020-12-01 | A theoretical solution is aimed to be developed in this research for predicting the failure in internally pressurized composite pressure vessels exposed to low-velocity impact. Both in-plane and out-of-plane failure modes are taken into account simultaneously and thus all components of the stress and strain fields are ... | Theoretical study of failure in composite pressure vessels subjected to low-velocity impact and internal pressure | 10.1007/s11709-020-0650-3 |
2020-12-01 | In this study, low-velocity impact analysis on glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) and hybrid laminates is performed through an explicit numerical analysis and relevant experiments. Hybridised composite laminates are fabricated by sandwiching the flexible Polycarbonate sheet between the glass fibre-reinforced polymer... | Low-velocity impact studies on GFRP and hybrid composite structures | 10.1007/s12572-021-00287-9 |
2020-12-01 | Abstract In the solid state diallylamine forms supramolecular helices with four molecules per pitch that are held together by hydrogen bonding. The helical structure is the result of competing length scales at which hydrogen bonding and second-neighbour Van-der-Waals interactions occur. The structure features two cryst... | The Helical Structure of Diallylamine in the Solid State | 10.1007/s10870-019-00816-2 |
2020-12-01 | The unique combination of alternate thin layers of metal and complete thermoplastic fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) gives birth to a new generation of hybrid thermoplastic fiber metal laminates (T-FML), which are considered for high impact resistance applications. T-FML is fabricated by Ti6Al4V metal alloy and ultra-hig... | Influence of UHMWPE fiber and Ti6Al4V metal surface treatments on the low-velocity impact behavior of thermoplastic fiber metal laminates | 10.1007/s42114-020-00189-7 |
2020-12-01 | Si–In–Zn–O (SIZO)/Ag/Si–In–Zn–O (SIZO) (totally, SAS) multilayered oxide–metal–oxide (OMO) structure has been fabricated and analyzed. Amorphous oxide semiconductor has been uniquely adopted in this study. Different from a metal–dielectric composite multilayer system, carrier diffusion occurred at the semiconductor–met... | Effect of Carrier Diffusion on the Optical Property in Si–In–Zn–O/Ag/Si–In–Zn–O Optical Media | 10.1007/s42341-020-00229-5 |
2020-12-01 | Trinidad and Tobago (TT) has a rich history of crude oil production and is still one of the largest oil- and gas-producing countries in the Caribbean region. The energy sector contributes approximately 35% of GDP to its economy; however, economic headwinds due to steadily decreasing oil production, low commodity prices... | Evaluation of a low salinity water flooding with polymer gel treatment in Trinidad and Tobago | 10.1007/s13202-020-00991-5 |
2020-12-01 | Introduction Several clinical trials have demonstrated that low-level light therapy (LLLT), a method of photobiomodulation, is an effective analgetic treatment. However, the mechanism of action has not yet been finally clarified. In particular, unanswered questions include whether it only affects peripheral or whether ... | The Effect of Low-Level Light Therapy on Capsaicin-Induced Peripheral and Central Sensitization in Healthy Volunteers: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial | 10.1007/s40122-020-00205-0 |
2020-12-01 | Early detection of common defects in wooden structures is an important factor to avoid costly maintenance and improve the life expectancy of structures. A novel qualitative technique has been developed and evaluated for detecting near-surface abnormalities and defects in wooden structures. The proposed setup consisted ... | Detection of wood defects using low acoustic impedance-based PZT transducers | 10.1007/s13196-020-00260-2 |
2020-12-01 | The application of multi-stage fractured horizontal well (MSFHW) due to its costly operation necessitates optimization of associated fracture parameters to ensure its economic success. In comparison to significant number of studies dedicated to use of MSFHWs for shale gas reservoirs, there are only few researches avail... | A new approach to finding effective parameters controlling the performance of multi-stage fractured horizontal wells in low-permeability heavy-oil reservoirs using RSM technique | 10.1007/s13202-020-00931-3 |
2020-12-01 | In the present study, we have proposed the phosphorus (P)-doped CoS 2 electrocatalyst through a simple hydrothermal route and utilized as an economical and earth-abundant electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). A sequence of P-doped CoS 2 electrocatalysts were obatined by using different NaH 2 PO 4 conte... | Phosphorus-doped CoS2 nanoparticles with greatly enhanced electrocatalytic performance as Pt-free catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic electrolyte | 10.1007/s11581-020-03775-3 |
2020-12-01 | Detecting emotions is very useful in many fields, from health-care to human-computer interaction. In this paper, we propose an iterative user-centered methodology for supporting the development of an emotion detection system based on low-cost sensors. Artificial Intelligence techniques have been adopted for emotion cla... | A user-centered approach for detecting emotions with low-cost sensors | 10.1007/s11042-020-09576-0 |
2020-12-01 | To address the environmental concerns and increases the total factor productivity to the farmers simultaneously, forces the breeders to develop the genotypes adapted to low input agriculture especially, low nitrogen (N) management practices. However, inadequate knowledge about the genetics of plant response to the low ... | Genetics analysis of nitrogen use efficiency component traits under nitrogen-limiting environment | 10.1007/s42976-020-00063-8 |
2020-12-01 | An agro-environmental payment for the management of the so-called ‘Biodiversity Promotion Areas’ (BPA) has been used to accomplish biodiversity conservation goals in Switzerland. These areas have been managed according to specific limitations on mowing dates and fertilizers. We assessed the regional-scale effectiveness... | The Biodiversity Promotion Areas: effectiveness of agricultural direct payments on plant diversity conservation in the semi-natural grasslands of the Southern Swiss Alps | 10.1007/s10531-020-02069-4 |
2020-12-01 | The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capability of Aspergillus tubingensis and Talaromyces islandicus to solubilize inorganic phosphorus sources, their activity under abiotic stress, and the enhancement of P availability in soils and plant growth. The P-solubilizing capability and acidification mechanism of th... | Aspergillus tubingensis and Talaromyces islandicus Solubilize Rock Phosphate Under Saline and Fungicide Stress and Improve Zea mays Growth and Phosphorus Nutrition | 10.1007/s42729-020-00315-w |
2020-12-01 | Abstract The demographic structure of 39 coenopopulations of Tulipa suaveolens Roth in the Lower Volga region was studied. It has been shown that they occupy an area from 0.01 to 20 000 ha or more. Small-area populations grow mainly closer to the northern border of the species range. The density of all individuals (1.6... | Dynamics of the Demographic Structure of Coenopopulations of Tulipa suaveolens Roth (Liliaceae, Magnoliophyta) in the Lower Volga Region | 10.1134/S1062359020100106 |
2020-12-01 | Introduction In Africa and other Low Resource Settings (LRS), the guideline-based and thus in most cases mesh-based treatment of inguinal hernias is only feasible to a very limited extent. This has led to an increased use of low cost meshes (LCMs, mostly mosquito meshes) for patients in LRS. Most of the LCMs used are m... | Alterations in the mechanical, chemical and biocompatibility properties of low-cost polyethylene and polyester meshes after steam sterilization | 10.1007/s10029-020-02272-w |
2020-12-01 | Rice grain yield is drastically reduced under low light especially in kharif (wet) season due to cloudy weather during most part of crop growth. Therefore, 50–60% of yield penalty was observed. To overcome this problem, identification of low light tolerant rice genotypes with a high buffering capacity trait such as pho... | Role of sedoheptulose-1,7 bisphosphatase in low light tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) | 10.1007/s12298-020-00905-z |
2020-12-01 | Abstract In this work, we study the electrical conductivity behaviors on the both sides of the metal-insulator transition (MIT) in Re x Si 1 – x amorphous thin films at very low temperature. In fact, our investigation re-analyzed the experimental measurements of Re x Si 1 – x obtained by K.G. Lisunov et al. On the ... | Study of Transport Phenomenon in Amorphous RexSi1 – x Thin Films on the Both Sides of the Metal–Insulator Transition at Very Low Temperatures | 10.1134/S1063783420120215 |
2020-12-01 | The nonequilibrium Green’s function method is often used to predict transport in atomistically resolved nanodevices and yields an immense numerical load when inelastic scattering on phonons is included. To ease this load, this work extends the atomistic mode space approach of Mil’nikov et al. (Phys Rev B 85(3):035317, ... | Mode-space-compatible inelastic scattering in atomistic nonequilibrium Green’s function implementations | 10.1007/s10825-020-01549-8 |
2020-12-01 | The surfaces of 2D layered crystals are one among most perspective templates for self-assembling of metal nanostructures due to the dewetting. The initial InSe (0001) surface as topological template was characterized by means of scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) and low electron energy diffraction. I... | Self-assembled indium nanostructures formation on InSe (0001) surface | 10.1007/s13204-020-01421-y |
2020-12-01 | Flowability of gas and water through low-permeability coal plays crucial roles in coalbed methane (CBM) recovery from coal reservoirs. To better understand this phenomenon, experiments examining the displacement of water by gas under different displacement pressures were systematically carried out based on nuclear magn... | A study on the flowability of gas displacing water in low-permeability coal reservoir based on NMR technology | 10.1007/s11707-020-0837-x |
2020-12-01 | In river ecosystems, spatial complexity as well as anthropogenic factors operating at different temporal and spatial scales are shaping demography, connectivity and population genetic structure of species inhabiting these habitats. Chilina dombeiana is a freshwater gastropod with direct development (absence of a free l... | Genetic structure and diversity in the freshwater gastropod Chilina dombeiana in the Biobío River, Chile | 10.1007/s10592-020-01308-z |
2020-12-01 | Background Investigating the effects of 405-nm, 532-nm, 650-nm, and 950-nm wavelengths of LLLTs (low-level laser therapies) on the orthodontic tooth movement in rats by using histological and immunohistochemical methods. Forty-five Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group (positive control:... | Effects of 405-, 532-, 650-, and 940-nm wavelengths of low-level laser therapies on orthodontic tooth movement in rats | 10.1186/s40510-020-00343-3 |
2020-12-01 | Cerrado soils are acidic and nutrient-poor, with high content of solubilized Al 3+ . Plants growing in these conditions may display adaptations to cope with high aluminum concentrations especially during early developmental stages. We investigated leaf nutritional status, and photosynthetic and growth characteristics d... | High aluminum concentration and initial establishment of Handroanthus impetiginosus: clues about an Al non-resistant species in Brazilian Cerrado | 10.1007/s11676-019-01033-5 |
2020-12-01 | Low-frequency currents (LFC) or quasi-DC (QDC) in the electrical power transmission network, and especially in power transformers, are causing negative effects such as an increase in noise level, in reactive power consumption and in power losses. Currently, no classification of LFC is available to identify a possible s... | Field experience of small quasi-DC bias on power transformers | 10.1007/s00502-020-00846-1 |
2020-12-01 | As a promising modern technology, additive manufacturing (AM) has been receiving increasing research and industrial attention in the recent years. With its rapid development, the importance of quality monitoring in AM process has been recognized, which significantly affects the property of the manufactured parts. Since... | Quality analysis in metal additive manufacturing with deep learning | 10.1007/s10845-020-01549-2 |
2020-12-01 | Diagnosis of low-grade B cell lymphoma can be challenging especially on limited cytological and histological samples, CD180 is Toll-like receptor that was found to be of value in the diagnosis of marginal zone lymphoma using flow cytometry. In this pilot study, we examine the expression of CD180, using an immunohistoch... | Expression of CD180 in common B cell neoplasms using immunohistochemistry | 10.1007/s12308-020-00420-w |
2020-12-01 | Low salinity water (LSW) flooding alters rock surface wettability toward more water wetness, and consequently, oil recovery will be increased from a carbonate oil reservoir. Surfactant flooding and polymer flooding enhance oil recovery by oil–water interfacial tension (IFT) reduction and water–oil mobility ratio change... | Synergic Impacts of Two Non-ionic Natural Surfactants and Low Salinity Water on Interfacial Tension Reduction, Wettability Alteration and Oil Recovery: Experimental Study on Oil Wet Carbonate Core Samples | 10.1007/s11053-020-09657-9 |
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