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2021-01-01 | Grass pea ( Lathyrus sativus L.) is one of the primitive plant species domesticated for human food and animal feed. Like any other food legumes, it is rich in protein, healthy fats, vitamins and micronutrients. However, among pulses, this crop has a distinction of having homoarginine and β-ODAP (β-N-oxalyl-diamino- l -... | Breeding for Better Grain Quality in Lathyrus | 10.1007/978-3-030-59215-8_6 |
2021-01-01 | In the present study, a magnetic adsorbent, rhein-coated magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle (RMNP), for Pb 2+ and Mg 2+ had been developed, and adsorption mechanism was studied via low-field NMR. RMNP was characterized by TEM, FTIR, and XRD. RMNP could adsorb and remove Pb 2+ and Mg 2+ from water and was successfully appli... | Adsorption mechanism of rhein-coated Fe3O4 as magnetic adsorbent based on low-field NMR | 10.1007/s11356-020-10541-5 |
2021-01-01 | The challenges of developing a micro electromagnetic power generator are to increase the flux density from the thin permanent magnet and reduce the resistance of the micro high-winding-density coil. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel MEMS power generator for low-frequency-vibration energy harvesting emplo... | Energy Scavenging From Low Frequency Vibrations Through a Multi-Pole Thin Magnet and a High-Aspect-Ratio Array Coil | 10.1007/s40684-020-00276-6 |
2021-01-01 | Low salinity water flooding (LSWF) is a promising technique for improving oil recovery in sandstone reservoirs. This paper is proposed to analyze the effects of water salinity and injection rate on the oil recovery of LSWF, and to measure the wettability alteration of sandstone surface. This study performed 9 groups of... | Experimental Study for the Effects of Water Salinity and Injection Rate on Low Salinity Water Flooding in Sandstone | 10.1007/978-981-16-0761-5_117 |
2021-01-01 | This study is focused on analyzing the effects of overloaded vehicles on low volume roads and their comparison with standard axle load of 81.60 kN. The overloads assumed are 1.25 times, 1.50 times and 2.0 times the standard axle load. The main objective of this research is to check the trends in the values of tensile s... | Critical Pavement Response Analysis Under Overloading for Design of Low Volume Rural Roads | 10.1007/978-3-030-79857-4_2 |
2021-01-01 | Professor Wang once served as the president of the China Society for Technology of Plasticity (CSTP). He also hosted and chaired the 4th International Conference of Technologies of Plasticity (ICTP) in Beijing, in 1993, to bring the event for the first time to China. During the 60 years’ academic career life on metal f... | Professor Z. R. Wang’s Contributions to Metal Forming Theory, Technology, and Education | 10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_26 |
2021-01-01 | Starch, a common constituent of higher plants, is the major form in which carbohydrates are stored. This chapter first introduces chemistry structure, synthesis, digestion, metabolism, and bioavailability of starch. Based on its digestion rate and extent, starch is classified into rapidly digestible starch, slowly dige... | Starch | 10.1007/978-981-15-4148-3_48 |
2021-01-01 | Low saline water flooding (LSWF) in sandstone is an emerging technique for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). However, understanding the nature of the process is still limited and debated. Hence, there is a need to better understand the molecular level insights into the interactions between the rock–oil–water. This study elu... | Interaction of Clay–Crude Oil–Injection Brine: An Experimental Approach for Understanding the Effectiveness of Low Saline Water (LSW) During Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) | 10.1007/978-981-33-6133-1_4 |
2021-01-01 | This chapter explores the next focus of NASA, a manned mission to Mars. In order to accomplish this feat, intermediate technological steps need to be accomplished, including the Asteroid Redirect Mission and advanced rocket and spaceship development built to deliver large payloads over long distances. Reasons for trave... | Going to Mars | 10.1007/978-3-030-56835-1_5 |
2021-01-01 | 2′- O -methylation (Nm) is an RNA modification commonly found on rRNA and snRNA, and at the mRNA 5′-cap, but has more recently been found internally on mRNA. The study of internal Nm modifications on mRNA is in the early stages, but we have reported that this sort of Nm modification can regulate mRNA abundance and tran... | Assessing 2′-O-Methylation of mRNA Using Quantitative PCR | 10.1007/978-1-0716-1374-0_11 |
2021-01-01 | ChIP-seq is a powerful technique that allows the detection of chromatin localization for proteins and epigenetic modifications. However, conventional ChIP-seq usually requires millions of cells. This becomes a daunting task for applications in which only limited experimental materials are available. For example, during... | Tracking Histone Modifications in Embryos and Low-Input Samples Using Ultrasensitive STAR ChIP-Seq | 10.1007/978-1-0716-0958-3_16 |
2021-01-01 | Atmospheric particulate matter or PM is one of the pollutants certainly most considered by professionals, both for the impact it has on the environment and for the impact, it has on human health. The official measurement methods for the detection of PM give information at long intervals and in pre-established sites giv... | Study and Characterization of LCPMS in the Laboratory | 10.1007/978-3-030-69551-4_24 |
2021-01-01 | During the last few decades, keen attention has been paid to the advanced steels with the ultra-fine-grained (UFG) microstructure manufactured by severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques. Although these materials often demonstrate prominent mechanical properties, the detrimental environmentally induced effects, such... | Effect of Hydrogen Concentration and Strain Rate on Hydrogen Embrittlement of Ultra-Fine-Grained Low-Carbon Steel | 10.1007/978-3-030-66948-5_10 |
2021-01-01 | With the rapid increase in the number of vehicles in our country, parking and parking management are becoming more and more difficult. Use information technology to improve the use of parking spaces and improve the efficiency of parking management, it is an effective way to alleviate the parking problem. In 2015, the r... | Low power consumption and reliability of wireless communication network in intelligent parking system | 10.1007/s12652-020-02183-9 |
2021-01-01 | Landslides have been occurring frequently because of rainfall, which leads to serious consequences, often plugging rivers, disrupting transportation, communication, and other lifeline projects and posing a serious threat to people's life and property. Therefore, effective early warning system for rainfall-induced lands... | Developing a Sustainable System for Early Warning Against Landslides During Rainfall | 10.1007/978-981-16-0077-7_75 |
2021-01-01 | The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the largest technological evolutions of computing. With the rapid development of communication, there was a tremendous growth of IoT technology across various fields. IoT devices might be resource-constrained like sensors, actuators, and embedded devices with the IEEE 802.15.4. Io... | LIENE: Lifetime Enhancement for 6LoWPAN Network Using Clustering Approach Use Case: Smart Agriculture | 10.1007/978-3-030-75004-6_5 |
2021-01-01 | In this chapter basic information for hydrogen is provided. | Hydrogen Characteristics | 10.1007/978-3-030-58244-9_15 |
2021-01-01 | The wind power is considered as a clean energy. However, the noise produced by wind turbines, namely infrasound and low frequency noise (below 500 Hz) are responsible for several pathologies in the humans. The aim of this study was to assess the sound pressure level of infrasound and low frequency noise, produced by wi... | Infrasound and Low-Frequency Noise Produced by Wind Turbines in Housings - Case Studies | 10.1007/978-3-030-75315-3_45 |
2021-01-01 | This paper proposed a vehicle monitoring system for low-emission zone application based on OBD (on-board diagnostics) technology. The proposed system is composed of OBD, GPS, 4G mobile communication, and Internet cloud computing technologies. The proposed system could implement in real time the function of vehicle stat... | Development of a Vehicle Monitoring System for Low-Emission Zone Application Based on OBD Technology | 10.1007/978-981-16-1209-1_19 |
2021-01-01 | Based on the distribution network practical-test-platform, the research work on the realization technology of arc grounding fault in distribution network can be carried out. In this paper, the arc grounding fault model is established, the development process of intermittent arc grounding fault is described in detail, a... | Research on Realization Technology of Arc Grounding Fault on Distribution Network on Field Test Data | 10.1007/978-3-030-80531-9_11 |
2021-01-01 | Low back pain is exceedingly common. Most patients with low back pain present acutely or subacutely. The clinician is frequently faced with the task of determining whether or not the individual low back pain patient has an emergent or unstable underlying condition. The approach to the patient with acute or subacute low... | Low Back Pain Emergencies | 10.1007/978-3-030-75778-6_2 |
2021-01-01 | There are multitudinous applications of comparator in diversified areas, notably used in data converters. Since many years, single stage, dynamic type latch as well as double tail comparators have been designed using CMOS technology. But there is a trade-off among the energy consumption and time delay. Concurrently, to... | Design of Low-Power Dynamic Type Latch Comparator Using 18 nm FinFET Technology for SAR ADC | 10.1007/978-981-33-4684-0_61 |
2021-01-01 | Nowadays, the Internet of things is spread everywhere. We can do a lot of tough work with IoT and robotics which are very difficult for people to do. This work presents a system that is an IoT-based robot, which can collect data from remote abstruse places and that place may be virus affected. The robot can be controll... | Low-Cost Smartphone-Controlled Remote Sensing IoT Robot | 10.1007/978-981-16-0882-7_49 |
2021-01-01 | In view of the fainting situation of modern Chinese students in the process of sports and sports body side, the wearable detection method is realized, and the real-time monitoring of students’ physical quality through cloud computing is realized, and the research and design of students’ physical fitness monitoring syst... | Sports Detection System Based on Cloud Computing | 10.1007/978-981-33-4572-0_255 |
2021-01-01 | Relying on the fund support of the Jilin Province Education Department “13th Five-Year” science and technology research project JJKH20190974KJ, this paper explores and practices a four-rotor aircraft, which is suitable for agricultural low-altitude remote sensing field, and achieves the goal of low cost and easy operat... | Structure Design of Four-Rotor Aircraft Suitable for Agricultural Low-Altitude Remote Sensing | 10.1007/978-3-030-70042-3_124 |
2021-01-01 | Eco-hydraulic modeling for flow assessment has increased in recent years due to complex hydraulic factors that control different life stages of ecological habitat. Both the Halda and Karnafuli Rivers play a vital role in the south-eastern part of Bangladesh. In almost every dry season they experience lower inflow. In t... | Predicting Low Flow Thresholds of Halda-Karnafuli Confluence in Bangladesh | 10.1007/978-3-319-54612-4_22 |
2021-01-01 | For large-scale adoption of photo-voltaic (PV) system in low-voltage (LV) network, power quality issues bring several challenges, especially with inter-harmonics. However, a clear picture of the analytic model of inter-harmonics is still lacking.Thus, this paper explores the DC voltage perturbation caused by the maximu... | Analytical Model for Inter-harmonics Current Caused by MPPT of Grid-Connected PV System in LV Network | 10.1007/978-981-33-6606-0_26 |
2021-01-01 | The most important component needed for all wireless and communication systems is the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). In this paper, a four-stage low-power differential ring voltage-controlled oscillator (DRVCO) is presented. The proposed DRVCO is designed using new differential delay cell with dual delay path and... | A Low-Power Hara Inductor-Based Differential Ring Voltage-Controlled Oscillator | 10.1007/978-981-15-8297-4_8 |
2021-01-01 | Additive manufacturing has gained significant attentions from industrial and academia. Personal design and fabrication have been enabled by different 3D modeling software. The design phase typically takes several iterations. Printing these iterations consumes a lot of time and materials. Although several works have bee... | An Efficient Method for Rapid Fabrication Using Low Cost 3D Printer | 10.1007/978-3-030-62066-0_40 |
2021-01-01 | The Additive Manufacturing (AM), which employs the arc to fuse the metallic wire (WAAM) is attracted much attention for producing metallic parts. This technique shows a high rate of the material deposition and low production costs when compared to other metallic AM technologies. In the current work, an industrial weldi... | Additive Manufacturing of Thin-Wall Steel Parts by Gas Metal Arc Welding Robot: The Surface Roughness, Microstructures and Mechanical Properties | 10.1007/978-3-030-57835-0_5 |
2021-01-01 | The EU Emission Trading System (ETS) represents an essential part of the European policies on Climate Change, targeting the most polluting organizations, which cover 45% of the GHG emissions. However, no common framework has been proposed yet for “non-ETS organizations.” The reduction of direct emissions in most of the... | Toward a Low-Carbon Economy: The Clim’Foot Project Approach for the Organization’s Carbon Footprint | 10.1007/978-981-33-4373-3_4 |
2021-01-01 | In recent years, problems of ecology and climate change have become the subject of discussion at international forums. National governments, along with non-governmental environmental organizations, equally assess them as one of the key risks in terms of their long-term consequences for sustainable economic growth of al... | Corporate Practice of Implementing Measures to Combat Climate Change in the Russian Oil and Gas Companies | 10.1007/978-3-030-75405-1_20 |
2021-01-01 | In this paper, the Low Noise Amplifier is realized using 180 nm CMOS technology for 2–5 GHz using cascade-cascode topology. The circuit used the cascode topology which gives the high gain value and cascode topology provides the low noise figure at high frequency. Source degeneration technique help in increasing the lin... | Realization of CMOS 0.18 µm Low Noise Amplifier for 2–5 GHz Using Cascode-Cascade Topology | 10.1007/978-981-15-8586-9_22 |
2021-01-01 | The article discusses the results of modelling an ultra-low-noise reference oscillator based on a dielectric resonator with unloaded Q factor of 20,000. The design and technical characteristics of the resonator with mechanical frequency tuning from 9.85 to 10.1 GHz and electrical frequency tuning within 2.4 MHz using a... | Ultra-Low-Noise Reference Oscillator Based on a Dielectric Resonator with Mechanical and Electrical Frequency Tuning | 10.1007/978-3-030-58868-7_68 |
2021-01-01 | Environmental violence takes form of both ‘spectacular’ events, like ecological disasters usually recognised by the general public, and ‘slow violence’, a type of violence that occurs gradually, out of sight and on a long-term scale. Planetary seas and oceans, loaded with cultural meanings of that which ‘hides’ and ‘al... | Environmental Violence and Postnatural Oceans: Low-Trophic Theory in the Registers of Feminist Posthumanities | 10.1007/978-3-030-56930-3_13 |
2021-01-01 | We conducted whole-genome sequencing of four inbred mouse strains initially selected for high (H1, H2) or low (L1, L2) open-field activity (OFA), and then examined strain distribution patterns for all DNA variants that differed between their BALB/cJ and C57BL/6J parental strains. Next, we assessed genome-wide sharing (... | Whole-Genome Sequencing of Inbred Mouse Strains Selected for High and Low Open-Field Activity | 10.1007/s10519-020-10014-y |
2021-01-01 | The shale and tight sandstone reservoirs, the important parts of unconventional oil and gas resources, are extremely difficult to be exploited due to the complex geological features and the diverse modes of occurrence of fluids. CO 2 huff-n-puff technology, an important and efficient method of EOR, is expected to be wi... | An Experimental Comparison of CO2 Huff-N-Puff Process in Shale and Tight Reservoirs | 10.1007/978-981-16-0761-5_120 |
2021-01-01 | The Three Gorges Dam is the world’s largest hydroelectric dam recently built in Yantse River in China whose installed generation capacity is about 10 times larger than that of the Hoover Dam. This chapter explains the revolutions in energy technologies: electricity generations from fossil fuels as well as other sources... | Energy Revolutions: A Story of the Three Gorges Dam in China | 10.1007/978-3-030-66680-4_7 |
2021-01-01 | Maintaining clean drinking water is a key factor in maintaining sustainable development and a healthy environment. In addition to monitoring water quality at water tanks, it is important to monitor water distribution network (WDN) and pipes where water is being transported. Intrusion in WDN can be triggered by transien... | Monitoring and Counting E. coli Bacterial Growth During Low-Pressure Events in Drinking Water Distribution Networks | 10.1007/978-3-030-67028-3_15 |
2021-01-01 | The Global Positioning System (GPS) has been widely used for monitoring displacements of civil engineering structures. The second author and his colleagues developed an automatic GPS system to continuously monitor 3-dimensional displacements with millimeter accuracies. The system has been used to hundreds of fields in ... | Performance of a New Low-Cost GPS Sensor with an Average Process for Slope Displacement Monitoring | 10.1007/978-981-16-0053-1_15 |
2021-01-01 | Each and every day new technology is being established which is miniaturized and challenging the low power than existing design. All the gates used in the design is reversible to achieve low power and less complexity. In past few decades reversible enlarges its applications in modern computing environment. Reversible g... | Low Power Reversible Parallel and Serial Binary Adder/Subtractor | 10.1007/978-3-030-57835-0_12 |
2021-01-01 | The first design goal is to design a low-power device that meets the system requirements. Leakage power is a careful parameter when designing low-power devices because it plays a major role in increasing the total power consumption of the device. In IC designing, the major concern we have to take is packaging (density)... | Noise Voltage: A New Dependability Concern in Low-Power FinFET-Based Priority Encoder at 45 nm Technology | 10.1007/978-981-15-5224-3_40 |
2021-01-01 | The use of polymer flooding to further enhance oil recovery after the sandstone oil field entering the high water cut period is a relatively common method for third oil recovery. Homogeneous core flooding experiments show that there is no significant improvement for oil displacement efficiency during polymer flooding a... | Study on the Potential of Enhanced Oil Recovery by Polymer Flooding in Low-Viscosity Sandstone Reservoirs with Extremely High Water Cut | 10.1007/978-981-16-0761-5_256 |
2021-01-01 | Various low-noise amplifier (LNA) topologies are discussed. LNA is the first receiver block in the receiver side whose performance plays an important role for the remaining blocks. Common source topology is the most preferable technique to improve the gain. Resistive feedback is used to stabilize the circuit while comm... | A Review on Low-Noise Amplifier for Wideband Applications | 10.1007/978-981-15-6707-0_40 |
2021-01-01 | Fossil fuel-based energy generation and day-by-day increasing load on power are prominent issues which are globally discussed. Electricity is an essential need for any nation’s development. 67% of electricity production is generated from the thermal power sector in India at present and 30% of carbon emission globally a... | Energy-Economic Study of Smart Lighting Infrastructure for Low-Carbon Economy | 10.1007/978-981-33-4320-7_20 |
2021-01-01 | In this study, we isolated sclerotia, soil mesofauna, and ectomycorrhizal fungi from soils in Fagus forests in northern and central Japan. We detected fungal species in soil mesofauna by using microbial community profiling methods, and the ectomycorrhizal fungal community profiles in soil were compared to those extract... | Relationships Between Soil Mesofauna, Ectomycorrhizal Fungi, and Sclerotia in Forest Soils | 10.1007/978-981-33-4252-1_3 |
2021-01-01 | Air pollution is currently one of the main issues affecting urbanized areas worldwide. Local administrations monitor these harmful gases by means of reference monitoring stations provided by regional/national environmental protection agencies. These stations, however, have limitations due to coarse spatial coverage of ... | An Integrated Low-Cost Monitoring Platform to Assess Air Quality Over Large Areas | 10.1007/978-3-030-63089-8_63 |
2021-01-01 | With the development of point cloud data acquisition technology, 3D scanners are becoming more and more widely used. The 3D scanner collects data such as the shape and surface characteristics of specific target in reality and processes it to obtain a three-dimensional model of the target, which can be used in many fiel... | Design of a Portable 3D Scanning Device | 10.1007/978-981-16-1843-7_56 |
2021-01-01 | With the gradual depletion of traditional fossil fuels, it is essential to find sustainable alternatives, such as wind energy. Wind turbines, despite the many advantages, generate mechanical and aerodynamic noise, causing an impact on the health of the nearby population. This study aimed to verify whether the vegetatio... | Variation of Infrasound and Low Frequency Noise Produced by Wind Turbines, Regarding Distance and Vegetation - Case Study | 10.1007/978-3-030-75315-3_46 |
2021-01-01 | The deteriorated indoor environment not only creates thermal discomfort but also coerce the inhabitants to utilize energy-intensive cooling measures. This calls for a design outline to improve the indoor environment in order to sustain good health. Interior design, despite a subject of individual choice and socio-cultu... | Analysing the Impact of Interior Design on Indoor Ventilation in Low-Income Housing of Mumbai | 10.1007/978-981-33-4114-2_20 |
2021-01-01 | Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) do Perfluorocarbons (PFC) not affect stratospheric ozone depletion; however, they have extremely long atmospheric lifetimes. They are very stable because of the strength of the carbon–fluorine bond, one of the strongest in organic chemistry, and it is because of their inertness that PFCs are pow... | Awakening of the Aluminum Industry to PFC Emissions and Global Warming | 10.1007/978-3-030-65396-5_77 |
2021-01-01 | In the present era, high-performance computing is the most important feature for Artificial Intelligent and IoT applications. For edge devices, low power dissipation at high-performance computing capability is the highest priority constraint. Scale down the power supply voltage to reduce power dissipation is most effec... | Data-Aware Near Subthreshold 10 T SRAM Cell for Ultra-Low Power Application | 10.1007/978-981-16-1570-2_13 |
2021-01-01 | During the last decades we have witnessed the performance improvement and the aggressive growth of the complexity of integrated circuits (ICs). The progressive size reduction of transistors in recent technological nodes has allowed and even compelled IC designers to perform analog tasks in the digital domain, increasin... | A low-power 10-bit 0.01-to-12-MS/s asynchronous SAR ADC in 65-nm CMOS | 10.1007/s10470-020-01742-6 |
2021-01-01 | A compact Planar Inverted-F Antenna design for off-body communications, in the ISM band (2.4–2.5 GHz), is presented. Slots are properly introduced in the radiating element of the PIFA in order to reduce the resonant frequency, thus achieving compactness. The proposed design is based on a textile substrate, making it su... | Compact Wearable PIFA on Textile Substrate | 10.1007/978-3-030-68418-1_4 |
2021-01-01 | Human footprints were discovered at Happisburgh, UK, in 2013. This paper describes their discovery and the difficulties of recording such enigmatic remains in a coastal environment. The geological and environmental context in which they were found is given, together with the evidence of the dating of the site to either... | Steps from History | 10.1007/978-3-030-60406-6_9 |
2021-01-01 | Protein–protein interactions underlie cellular structure and function. In recent years, a number of methods have been developed for the identification of protein complexes and component proteins involved in the control of various biological pathways. Tandem affinity purification (TAP) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS... | Tandem Affinity Purification (TAP) of Low-Abundance Protein Complexes in Filamentous Fungi Demonstrated Using | 10.1007/978-1-0716-1613-0_8 |
2021-01-01 | Under the continuously growing demand for energy-efficiency and high-performance of present computer and communication systems, the approximate computing paradigm emerges as an effective option to satisfy design requirements feasible at different hierarchy levels. In this paper, the implementation design process of an ... | Towards an Energy-Efficient Approximate Computer Implementation | 10.1007/978-3-030-75680-2_93 |
2021-01-01 | To decarbonise the electricity generation sector under the International Energy Agency’s 2 °C scenario, electricity generation from less efficient subcritical coal plants needs to be completely phased out by 2050. In addition, large potential exists in the Southeast Asia region for the deployment of high-efficiency, lo... | Expediting Transition Towards HELE Coal-Fired Electricity Generation Technologies in Southeast Asia: A Comparative Economic Analysis of HELE and Subcritical Coal-Fired Technologies | 10.1007/978-981-16-2000-3_6 |
2021-01-01 | A large number of laboratory studies and field application examples show that surfactant and its compound flooding system are still one of the main methods for improving oil recovery in low permeability reservoirs at present. The main oil displacement mechanisms include ultra-low interfacial tension, emulsification, an... | Study on a Novel Anionic-Nonionic Gemini/Cationic Combined Flooding System in Low Permeability Reservoir | 10.1007/978-981-16-0761-5_281 |
2021-01-01 | The quality and energy consumption of wireless communication are the key factors that restrict the wide application of wireless sensor networks in greenhouse system. A reliable wireless monitoring and control system with low power for greenhouse was designed. The acknowledgement (ACK) mechanism was adopted to improve t... | A Reliable Wireless Monitor and Control System with Low Power for Greenhouse Microclimate | 10.1007/978-981-15-5073-7_22 |
2021-01-01 | Since many years diesel engines are powering commercial vehicles. Of late, governments are promoting the use of natural gas (NG) as a fuel for such vehicles to reduce pollution. Thereafter, natural gas engines have witnessed faster development, especially for use in commercial vehicles. City bus is probably the most co... | Strategies for Low Engine Speed Torque Enhancement of Natural Gas Engine Used for Commercial Vehicles: Observations with Compression Ratio | 10.1007/978-981-15-3639-7_22 |
2021-01-01 | In this paper, 28 GHz millimeter wave (mmWave) low noise amplifier (LNA) and a down converter for 5G is designed using 65 nm CMOS technology. This design is used with a standard radio receiver chain and each block is tuned to its best performance to obtain the necessary overall specifications. Typical single-stage comm... | 28 GHz 5G Receiver Design Using 65 Nm CMOS and Performance Analysis Through Simulation | 10.1007/978-981-15-5546-6_2 |
2021-01-01 | This paper admits a low-noise amplifier (LNA) designed by taking bio-medical applications into considerations. The amplifier is designed based on two gain stages, supply insensitive gain stage and inverter gain stage. Input-referred noise of the proposed amplifier is 18.02 mV rms and it consumes a power of 0.012 mW. Th... | An 86 DB Gain 18.06 mVrms Input-Referred Noise LNA for Bio-Medical Applications | 10.1007/978-981-15-5546-6_67 |
2021-01-01 | The optimization problem for a two-stage supply chain consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer under the carbon tax regulation is investigated in this paper. Consumers’ low-carbon awareness level is considered in the decision models. Optimal decision policies, corresponding emissions, and profits are calculated for ... | Supply Chain Design Optimization Considering Consumers’ Low-Carbon Awareness Under Carbon Tax Regulation | 10.1007/978-3-030-49889-4_8 |
2021-01-01 | This paper describes Internet of things (IoT)—What it is far, the way it works, its applications and the way much it is steady. Almost all gadgets primarily based on emerging technologies are equipped with diverse types of sensors and controllers and have embedded intelligence. Because of all this, they are turned into... | Internet of Things: Architecture, Applications and Future Aspects | 10.1007/978-981-15-9938-5_18 |
2021-01-01 | A detailed explanation on the design of low-noise amplifier is given in this paper. The wideband low-noise amplifiers are implemented in 0.18 µm CMOS technology. The various designs of low-noise amplifiers, such as the LNAs which reduce power dissipation, occupy less area, and consume less power, are presented in view ... | A Clear View on Design of Low-Noise Amplifiers Using CMOS Technology | 10.1007/978-981-15-4851-2_14 |
2021-01-01 | We discuss the current understanding of COVID-19’s neurological implications, their basis, and the evolving clinical consensus with a focus on cerebrovascular stroke. We further illustrate the potential significance of these implications with the aid of an accompanying case report outlining the disease course and treat... | Management and Prevention of Cerebrovascular Accidents in SARS-CoV-2–Positive Patients Recovering from COVID-19: a Case Report and Review of Literature | 10.1007/s42399-021-00744-3 |
2021-01-01 | The global attention towards climate change has led national governments and the international community to the definition of plans aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in all economic sectors. Recently, attention has focused also on the tourism sector, and especially on the lodging industry, which consumes high a... | Environmental Performances in Green Labels for Hotels – A Critical Review | 10.1007/978-3-030-48279-4_109 |
2021-01-01 | As the current computer design level continues to improve, the process equipment and production line management levels are relatively stable. The intelligent and automatic 3D garage-type has shown a diversified development trend. Several garage types are currently in everyday use, including vertical lifting type, verti... | Study of Smart Lifting 3D Garage Design Based on the Low-Cost PLC Control System | 10.1007/978-3-030-69717-4_46 |
2021-01-01 | The given paper is aimed to investigation of the energy efficiency issues for IoT solutions, based on combined sensor and contactless systems. The combined energy-efficient solutions are namely the hierarchical organized infrastructure WSNs and self-organized ad-hoc WSNs, which are widely interoperable with the 4G/5G b... | Energy Efficiency for IoT | 10.1007/978-3-030-74556-1_12 |
2021-01-01 | The technique of reversible logic can be applied on any digital, VLSI and quantum computing applications for optimization of power. A decoder and an encoder are the basic building blocks that can be used to realize any logic network. This pair can be used in communication system applications as transceivers. A new 4 × ... | Reversible Fade Gate as Decoder, Encoder and Full Adder | 10.1007/978-981-15-8221-9_123 |
2021-01-01 | The paper presents an improved terrain profiling system with high-precision range measurement method for underwater surveyor robot. Extensive research has been carried out in the area of terrain profiling in different scenarios; however, limited work has been performed for underwater environment. In the present work, a... | An Improved Terrain Profiling System with High-Precision Range Measurement Method for Underwater Surveyor Robot | 10.1007/978-981-15-5148-2_9 |
2021-01-01 | The development of IoT applications is lightning fast in terms of technology and solutions in all areas of life. This brings opportunities and challenges wireless sensor network which requires low-power and long-range devices. LoRa technology is a new wireless communication standard designed to address these challenges... | Industrial LoRaWAN Network for Danang City: Solution for Long-Range and Low-Power IoT Applications | 10.1007/978-981-15-7527-3_7 |
2021-01-01 | We experimentally register stimulated low-frequency Raman scattering (SLFRS) in the suspension of brome mosaic virus (BMV) in phosphate buffer with very high conversion efficiency. We identify two components of the SLFRS spectrum as the breathing and quadrupole modes of BMV and determine damping characteristics and gai... | Stimulated Low-Frequency Raman Scattering in Brome Mosaic Virus | 10.1007/s10946-020-09935-0 |
2021-01-01 | The detection of incipient faults in three-phase induction motors is a fundamental pillar in the preventive maintenance at the industrial level. Three-phase motors are used in most industrial processes, and thus it is essential to know in advance the fault being generated by the motor, with the objective of avoiding a ... | Detection of Incipient Faults in Three-Phase Motors Through Analysis of Stator Currents | 10.1007/978-3-030-89941-7_18 |
2021-01-01 | Scaling down of CMOS technology requires vital reduction of leakage power in low-power applications. Power gating technique is generally employed in the standby mode to reduce static power consumption but it increases delay of the logic cells badly and the ultimate result of the circuit is besmirched to a great extent ... | Low-Power Deep-Submicron CMOS Adder Using Optimized Delay Universal Gates | 10.1007/978-981-15-8221-9_47 |
2021-01-01 | The relationship between non-monotonic concentration dependencies of the size of the dispersed phase (nanoassociates), physicochemical properties (specific electrical conductivity, pH), and fluorescence intensity (λ ex 225 nm, λ em 340 nm) of a multi-component dispersed system based on herbicide N -(phosphonomethyl)gly... | Interrelation of physicochemical, spectral, and biological properties of self-organized multi-component aqueous systems based on N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine in the low concentration range | 10.1007/s11172-021-3060-3 |
2021-01-01 | The world is progressing with the rapid germination of technology. In this IoT era, all technologies are automated and smart. Home automation is one of them, and the kitchen is an essential part of home automation. Nowadays, it is an area of the reformation in the intelligent and automated system in the kitchen. Nowada... | Low-Power IoT-Based Smart Ingredient Measurement System | 10.1007/978-981-16-1335-7_13 |
2021-01-01 | This chapter examines the transition to low-carbon electricity in Poland and Hungary from a security–of–supply point of view. Despite large differences in emphasis, both countries aim to increase electricity generation, decrease import dependence and reduce or eliminate coal-based electricity, while turning to renewabl... | Pathways for a Low-Carbon Electricity System in Poland and Hungary | 10.1007/978-3-030-55085-1_8 |
2021-01-01 | Herbert’s chapter examines the ways that early modern Britons used bodies of water—specifically, the supposedly miraculous waters of medical springs in cities such as Bath, Tunbridge Wells, and Epsom—to refigure themselves. Early modern Europeans believed firmly in the curative powers of mineral waters, and at these si... | Creatures of the Bath: Transformations at the Early Modern British Spa | 10.1007/978-3-030-66568-5_7 |
2021-01-01 | Increased number of vehicles are causing higher consumption of petroleum fuels leading to depletion of conventional fuel reserves. Hence, there is a need for alternative fuel, which will fulfil the demand. Biodiesel is one of the environment-friendly, renewable alternative biofuel which can be obtained from vegetable o... | A Study on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine for Lower Blends of Karanja Biodiesel | 10.1007/978-981-15-3639-7_19 |
2021-01-01 | Urbanization is one of the main important factors leading to urban flooding, which has caused major damage to the environment and society. Controlling urban flooding has become a new challenge for urban planners. There are many reasons of urban flooding in Delhi. It may occur due to increased urbanization, low rate of ... | Applications of Low Impact Development for Managing the Storm Water Surface Runoff in Urban Areas | 10.1007/978-981-15-6463-5_26 |
2021-01-01 | In this project, design of low-power Ku band CMOS voltage-controlled oscillator and low-noise amplifier for satellite communication is proposed. The proposed LNA provides low input impedance, low noise figure, and high gain which makes it suitable for use in satellite receivers to amplify low-power signals. This NMOS L... | Designing of Low-Noise Amplifier and Voltage-Controlled Oscillator for Satellite Receiver in Ku Band | 10.1007/978-981-15-7486-3_58 |
2021-01-01 | Water scarcity is a threat to livelihood in the modern world. Many countries have taken actions to manage water resources and create awareness among people regarding water scarcity. A water management system must be used to avoid wasting water and reduce the consumption of water. The existing smart water management sys... | An Efficient Low-Cost Smart Water Monitoring System Based on the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence Techniques | 10.1007/978-3-030-63068-3_3 |
2021-01-01 | The structural system’s vibration analysis plays a prime role in dynamic experiments as researchers attempt to study the effects of the variables that are responsive to the damage occurring in the structure. However, they require data acquisition of nearly a comprehensive-state of the structure and high manipulations. ... | Design and Development of Low-Cost Medium Size Shake Table for Vibration Analysis | 10.1007/978-981-15-5101-7_19 |
2021-01-01 | Wireless communication is becoming increasingly popular in factory automation and process control systems, especially when moving components are used. One reason for this growth is the benefits that wireless communication offers, which include lower installation costs than wired networks, less mechanical wear and tear ... | Low-Level Wireless and Sensor Networks for Industry 4.0 Communication – Presentation | 10.1007/978-3-030-88113-9_38 |
2021-01-01 | Gas turbine aero engines are a specific class of turbomachinery wherein compression system and turbine are realized as spinning discs on an interconnecting shaft. Fan-bladed disc undergoes an unsteady aeroelastic phenomenon known as flutter during various operational regimes, which might lead to structural failure of b... | Gas Turbine Engine Fan Blade Flutter Detection Using Casing Vibration Signals by Application of Recurrence Plots and Recurrence Quantification Analysis | 10.1007/978-981-15-5701-9_31 |
2021-01-01 | Middle-up LC-MS antibody characterization workflows using reduction or IdeS digestion for a focused assessment of N -glycan profiling of three representative glycoengineered monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), namely, obinutuzumab (GlycomAb technology, Glycart/Roche), benralizumab (Potelligent Technology, BioWa, Kyowa Kirin)... | Fast Afucosylation Profiling of Glycoengineered Antibody Subunits by Middle-Up Mass Spectrometry | 10.1007/978-1-0716-1241-5_5 |
2021-01-01 | Shuang229 block in Western Liaohe Basin is close to Qingshui hydrocarbon generation depression. The main target reservoir of lower sub member of the first member of Shahejie formation ( $$ {\text{E}}_{ 3} {\text{s}}_{ 1}^{ 3} $$ ) is fan delta front underwater branching channel microfacies. The rock types are mainly me... | Well Logging Identification of Tight Reservoir in Shuang229 Block | 10.1007/978-981-16-0761-5_44 |
2021-01-01 | US life under neoliberalism confused the power of economic markets with democracy, powered the rise of an anti-democratic oligarchy, and led some economists to call for radical economic redistribution. The ideology also ignored the structural-historical reality of racism, as was apparent in “culture of poverty” moralit... | Neoliberalism and Political Realignment, 1980–2015 | 10.1007/978-3-030-81377-2_7 |
2021-01-01 | Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) patients have high metabolic demands related to wound healing after conditioning regimens, infectious events with associated febrile states, and in allogeneic HCT recipients, the systemic inflammatory state and local tissue damage imposed by acute graft versus host disease (GvHD). In... | Nutrition | 10.1007/978-3-030-53626-8_7 |
2021-01-01 | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has shocked the world by its spread and contagiousness. There is no approved vaccine and no proven treatment for this infection. Some potential treatments that have already been associated with antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects are under investigation. Photobiomodulation therap... | Photobiomodulation and Antiviral Photodynamic Therapy in COVID-19 Management | 10.1007/978-3-030-63761-3_30 |
2021-01-01 | The article discusses the issue of climate changes and corporate responsibility. Corporate sustainable development imposes attention to environmental problems, that makes companies to switch to environmentally friendly technologies, reducing carbon emission, cutting natural sources’ deployment. It was researched that d... | Decarbonization as a Factor of Sustainable Corporate Development Within Climate Change | 10.1007/978-3-030-60929-0_10 |
2021-01-01 | The Internet of Thing (IoT) applications such as industrial, agriculture, smart home applications are demanding strong requirements about distances and power consumption. LoRa (Long Range) is a novel solution for these requirements. LoRa is a spread spectrum modulation technique derived from chirp spread spectrum (CSS)... | Performance Evaluation of Linear LoRa Network Protocol | 10.1007/978-981-15-9354-3_7 |
2021-01-01 | Nowadays, educational robotics is part of the learning activities in many K-12 schools. With the increasing interest in Computer Thinking education and acknowledging the importance of using tangible devices, many different educational robots for primary education have become available. With them, new research activitie... | Azbot-1C: An Educational Robot Prototype for Learning Mathematical Concepts | 10.1007/978-3-030-91885-9_49 |
2021-01-01 | With the increasing number of low-yielding wells, the beam pumping units cannot meet the requirement of high efficiency due to the limit of stroke and pumping speed. In order to improve production efficiency and reduce energy consumption, a high efficiency oil recovery device with ultra-long stroke and ultra-low speed ... | High Efficiency Oil Extraction Equipment with Ultra-long Stroke and Ultra-low Speed and a Kind of Technology of Exploiting Double Wells with One Motor | 10.1007/978-981-16-0761-5_84 |
2021-01-01 | Kidney disease is the 12th most common cause of death worldwide, and the need for dialysis in developing countries is increasing exponentially. Peritoneal dialysis offers many theoretical advantages over haemodialysis, especially in rural areas where electricity, water and skilled nursing staff are lacking. There are n... | Peritoneal Dialysis in Developing Countries | 10.1007/978-3-030-70897-9_29 |
2021-01-01 | Abstract Electrodynamic characteristics of a low pressure (electron collision frequency much lower than the field frequency) capacitive high frequency (HF) discharge maintained by electromagnetic field with a frequency between 10 and 1000 MHz are studied analytically and numerically. The discharge is assumed to fill co... | Features of Electromagnetic Field Excitation in a Capacitive HF Discharge. II. Symmetric Discharge Completely Filling Vacuum Chamber under Symmetric and Asymmetric Excitation | 10.1134/S1063780X21010050 |
2021-01-01 | In the development process of ultra-low permeability reservoir, due to the dual heterogeneity of matrix and fracture, it is difficult to establish effective pressure system, and water flooding occurs along the fracture. Based on the analysis of the fractured ultra-low permeability reservoir production mechanism, the im... | Study on the Technology of Imbibition in Ultra-low Permeability Reservoir | 10.1007/978-981-16-0761-5_212 |
2021-01-01 | Nowadays forest fires are so rare in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley and other floodplains of the southeastern USA that these floodplains appear fireproof. Fire was once much more common across the Southeastern Coastal Plain Coastal Plain , including in these forested floodplains. Even so, fire was not the fundamental ... | Fire in Floodplain Forests of the Southeastern USA | 10.1007/978-3-030-73267-7_6 |
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