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2021-01-01 | The research effort in high entropy alloys (HEAs) has intensified in the recent years. This is due to the fact that HEAs have a wide range of compositions based on elements used, the number of different elements in a system and the sheer number of compatible elements that exist. HEAs exhibit broader range of superior m... | Effect of Various Aspects on Mechanical Properties of High Entropy Alloys: A Review | 10.1007/978-981-33-6029-7_28 |
2021-01-01 | This research work is to explicit the surface morphology, material composition and crystal structure of a closed-cell aluminium foam subjected to various treatments such as heat treatment (HT), cryogenic treatment (CT) and cryogenic heat treatment (CHT). The closed-cell aluminium foam utilized for this research is made... | The Effect of Novel Cryogenic Treatment in the Microstructure Analysis of Al 6101 Closed-Cell Foam | 10.1007/978-981-33-6428-8_2 |
2021-01-01 | In Chap. 9 , we showed an example of hydration-coupled conformational changes Hydration-coupled conformational change . However, the energy landscape Energy landscape of protein motions including hydration changes remains unexplored. As a future approach to understanding how motions of hydrated proteins occur in solut... | Energy Landscape and Hydration of Proteins | 10.1007/978-4-431-56919-0_10 |
2021-01-01 | Abstract A numerical model of the evolution of the trench profile during cryogenic etching in SF_6/O_2 plasma based on the cellular representation of the surface state, the Monte Carlo method for calculating particle fluxes, and the scheme of delayed desorption of reaction products is proposed. This description combine... | Numerical Simulation of Cryogenic Etching: Model with Delayed Desorption | 10.1134/S106373972101008X |
2020-12-01 | This paper presents a novel indirect cryogenic cooling system, employing liquid nitrogen (LN_2) as a coolant for machining the difficult-to-cut ASTM F-1537 cobalt-chromium (CoCr) alloy. The prototype differs from the already existing indirect cooling systems by using a modified cutting insert that allows a larger volum... | A novel indirect cryogenic cooling system for improving surface finish and reducing cutting forces when turning ASTM F-1537 cobalt-chromium alloys | 10.1007/s00170-020-06193-x |
2020-12-01 | Abstract The development of advanced technologies includes the development of new materials, which include composite amorphous nanocrystalline materials characterized by a unique combination of magnetic and mechanical properties (the latter include high strength, hardness, and wear resistance and others). However, the ... | Restoration of the Structure of Amorphous Alloys and Partially Crystalline Alloys Using Cryogenic Thermocycling | 10.1134/S0020168520150029 |
2020-12-01 | A new stretched-wire system is built for a cryogenic permanent magnet undulator in High Energy Photon Source Testing Facility. The system has two functions: integral field measurement and magnet gap measurement. Integral field measurement and gap measurement are important for evaluation and optimization of the magnetic... | High-accuracy stretched-wire measurement system for cryogenic permanent magnet undulator (CPMU) in High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) | 10.1007/s41605-020-00204-x |
2020-12-01 | The application of cryogenic treatments is gradually increasing in tool steels. In this sense, these heat treatments can modify the mechanical properties of high chromium alloy steels. However, the influence of the cooling parameter (during quenching) is often neglected. This investigation aims at evaluating the effect... | Effects of Cooling Parameter and Cryogenic Treatment on Microstructure and Fracture Toughness of AISI D2 Tool Steel | 10.1007/s11665-020-05285-9 |
2020-12-01 | Cryogenic cooling helps to improve the machining performance and reduce the tool wear. Cryogenic condition could activate these substructures such as deformation twins and dislocation cells. The effects of the substructures are not taken into consideration in the conventional machining models. The conventional models c... | A nanotwin-based analytical model to predict dynamics in cryogenic orthogonal machining copper | 10.1007/s00170-020-06303-9 |
2020-12-01 | Abstract —The purpose of this work was to study the possibility of obtaining nanocellulose (NS) by ultrasonic (US) processing of powdered cellulose in a medium of liquid nitrogen (LN). To achieve this goal, it was necessary to determine the effect of the time of ultrasonic treatment in the medium of LN on the dispersed... | Preparation of Nanocellulose from Nonwood Plant Raw Materials | 10.1134/S1068162020070109 |
2020-12-01 | Abstract This work summarizes the archived data of geocryological and hydrogeological conditions in the west of Nordenskiold Land on the Spitsbergen Archipelago. The historical data obtained in the Soviet period during coal exploration are reviewed together with the results of our own studies performed as part of the R... | Geocryological and Hydrogeological Conditions of the Western Part of Nordenskiold Land (Spitsbergen Archipelago) | 10.1134/S000143382011002X |
2020-12-01 | Abstract— The origins of detrimental strains up to the destruction of parts and assembly units of mechanical facilities and outfits in contact with shape-memory alloys are considered. The characteristics of safe operations with shape-memory alloys, which can turn out of shape by themselves with significant strength par... | Characteristics of Safety Precautions for Processing Shape Memory Alloys, Including at Cryogenic Temperatures | 10.3103/S1052618820080154 |
2020-12-01 | AA2014 is a high-strength Al-Cu alloy which is used for highly stressed components in aircraft fuselage, wing covers and military truck frames due to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio, and its properties are usually enhanced by further heat treatment. In this work, the conventional heat treatment process is repl... | Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Alloy AA2014 | 10.1007/s40033-020-00237-y |
2020-12-01 | Abstract The compact models of junction field effect transistors (JFETs) used in release-quality versions of SPICE-like programs are focused only on the standard temperatures ranging from –60 to 150°C and are unworkable for an electronic circuit design in the cryogenic temperature range (below –120°C). It this study, t... | The Special Features of Simulation of the Current–Voltage Characteristics of JFETs in the Cryogenic Temperature Range | 10.1134/S1063739720070070 |
2020-11-28 | To improve the machining performance manufacturers adopt various methods to improve the tool life which influences production cost and the degree of the surface finish. Recently cryogenic treatment is used to improve the machining performances. In the present work, the tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC–Co) cutting tool is cr... | Studies on the effects of deep cryogenic treated WC–Co insert on turning of Al6063 using multi-objective optimization | 10.1007/s42452-020-03940-3 |
2020-11-01 | This work evaluates the machinability improvements in vastly used titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) using alternate turning techniques. Detailed examination of flank and crater faces of inserts is carried out in this work to analyze tool wear under dry, wet, and cryogenic environments. Critical responses such as crater wear a... | Tool wear progression and its effects on energy consumption and surface roughness in cryogenic assisted turning of Ti-6Al-4V | 10.1007/s00170-020-06140-w |
2020-11-01 | The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of 316L austenitic stainless steel milled with cryogenic cooling and conventional cutting fluid cooling is investigated and compared. The milled subsurface properties are characterized in terms of microstructure, residual stress and microhardness. The SCC susceptibilit... | Effects of Cryogenic Milling on Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of AISI 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel | 10.1007/s11665-020-05190-1 |
2020-11-01 | Over the last decade, quantum computing has experienced significant changes and captured worldwide attention. In particular, superconducting qubits have become the leading candidates for scalable quantum computers, and a number of cryogenic materials have scientifically demonstrated their potential uses in constructing... | Cryogenic Materials and Circuit Integration for Quantum Computers | 10.1007/s11664-020-08442-x |
2020-11-01 | The modulation transfer function (MTF) is one of the key figures of merit for the characterization of infrared focal plane arrays (FPA). Moreover, with both the trend of reduced pixel pitch and the variety of pixel structures observed in the industry, the study of the impact of wavelength on the MTF is also of great in... | Development of a Cryogenic Test Bench for Spectral MTF Measurement on Midwave Infrared Focal Plane Arrays | 10.1007/s11664-020-08388-0 |
2020-11-01 | Manufacturing sectors are observing for methods to mitigate the use of cutting fluids for economic and ecological causes. The approach of cryogenic cooling looks to be an effective solution to enrich the process sustainability, as it is non-toxic and substantially increases the life of the tool. In this present researc... | Machining Investigation of Nimonic-80A Superalloy Under Cryogenic CO_2 as Coolant Using PVD-TiAlN/TiN Coated Tool at 45° Nozzle Angle | 10.1007/s13369-020-04728-8 |
2020-11-01 | The artificial ground freezing (AGF) method has been used in many geotechnical engineering applications such as temporary excavation support, underpinning and groundwater cutoff. The AGF method utilizes a refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen or brine, circulating through embedded freezing pipes in order to freeze the gr... | Influence of In-situ Cryogenic Freezing on Thermal and Mechanical Characteristics of Korean Marine Clay | 10.1007/s12205-020-0457-8 |
2020-11-01 | Magnesium alloys are identified as the new generation degradable biomaterials in the biomedical industry. They can prevent secondary operation for the removal of the inserted implant. Nowadays, sustainable manufacturing is promoting the use of low-temperature machining environments over the traditional means. Surface i... | Tailoring Surface Integrity of Biomedical Mg Alloy AZ31B Using Distinct End Mill Treatment Conditions and Machining Environments | 10.1007/s11665-020-05203-z |
2020-11-01 | The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of selective laser melted high-strength martensitic stainless steel were enhanced by cryogenic treatment. The microstructure of the martensitic stainless steel contained fine martensite lath due to fast cooling rate. Simultaneously, there were bulk austenite formed at ... | Co-enhancing the Mechanical Property and Corrosion Resistance of Selective Laser Melted High-Strength Stainless Steel via Cryogenic Treatment | 10.1007/s11665-020-05237-3 |
2020-10-24 | The single particle reconstruction (SPR) in cryogenic electron microscopy is considered in this paper. This is an emerging technique for determining the three-dimensional (3D) structure of biological specimens from a limited number of the micrographs. Because the micrographs are modulated by contrast transfer functions... | Constrained Total Variation Based Three-Dimension Single Particle Reconstruction in Cryogenic Electron Microscopy | 10.1007/s10915-020-01344-4 |
2020-10-07 | La_0.63Gd_0.37MnO_3 material was synthesized using the Pechini-modified-sol–gel method at different sintering temperatures 600, 650, 750, 800, and 900 °C. After characterizing the samples structurally and magnetically, we report a direct relation between the crystallite size, particles agglomeration level, and material... | Effects of the sintering temperature on the La_0.63Gd_0.37MnO_3 structure and magnetic properties | 10.1007/s00339-020-04032-0 |
2020-10-01 | Cryogenic treatment is an emerging application that can make significant changes in many materials. In this study, shallow (− 80 °C) and deep (− 196 °C) cryogenic treatment was applied to Ti6Al4V alloy. Additionally, aging treatment and supplementary deep cryogenic treatment were also performed. Tensile tests were done... | Influence of Cryogenic Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti6Al4V Alloy | 10.1007/s11665-020-05177-y |
2020-10-01 | We propose a method for the evaluation of the flow rate of cryogenic two-phase flows in flowmeters without separation based on the Venturi tube. The proposed procedure takes into account the equations of state of two-phase medium, i.e., the changes in density, mass vapor quality, and temperature of cryogenic twophase f... | A Method for the Evaluation of the Flow Rate of Cryogenic Two-Phase Flows in Venturi Flowmeters Without Separation | 10.1007/s11018-020-01822-z |
2020-10-01 | The influence of modern additive manufacturing methods, especially from the direct energy deposition (DED) processes to the coat-like finished components, is crucial under present industrial circumstances. DED induces several traits like enhanced mechanical, thermal properties in shorter lead time, which extend their a... | Effect of Cryogenics-Assisted Low-Plasticity Burnishing on Laser-Clad Stellite 6 over SS420 Substrate | 10.1007/s11665-020-05152-7 |
2020-10-01 | The cryogenic process has been widely applied in various fields, but it has rarely been reported in the preparation of anode materials for lithium-ion battery. In this paper, activated carbon derived from hemp stems was prepared by carbonization and activation; then, it was subjected to cryogenic treatment to obtain cr... | Effect of Deep Cryogenic Activated Treatment on Hemp Stem-Derived Carbon Used as Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries | 10.1186/s11671-020-03422-w |
2020-10-01 | In February this year the Chair of Mineral Processing was given the chance to extend its laboratories into the 3rd floor of the Impulszentrum Raw Materials based on chair-internal research work on fine particle grinding comminution and in cooperation with the “Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH”. The additional are... | The 3rd Level – Entwicklung der Feinstzerkleinerung und Ausbau der Flotation am Lehrstuhl für Aufbereitung und Veredlung | 10.1007/s00501-020-01058-y |
2020-09-23 | Densities of two methane-rich binary mixtures were measured in the homogeneous liquid and the supercritical region at temperatures between (100 and 160) K using a low-temperature single-sinker magnetic-suspension densimeter. For each mixture, four isotherms were studied over the pressure range from (0.3 to 10.8) MPa. M... | Density Measurements of (0.99 Methane + 0.01 Butane) and (0.98 Methane + 0.02 Isopentane) over the Temperature Range from (100 to 160) K at Pressures up to 10.8 MPa | 10.1007/s10765-020-02728-2 |
2020-09-18 | The super alloy exhibits great strength and fatigue behaviour when nickel (Ni) is present in major quantities. Moreover, it possesses good corrosive resistant behaviour at high temperatures. However, these alloys are very difficult to machine under normal machining conditions due to their great strength and low heat di... | Experimental investigations on cryo-machining of Hastelloy C-276 with tool wear characteristics | 10.1007/s12046-020-01477-0 |
2020-09-17 | Abstract Undersized crawfish have little economic value and are often discarded. Producing crawfish minced meat (CMM) from undersized crawfish and using an appropriate freezing technique may enable an economically viable market. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the energy removal rate using ... | Influence of energy removal rate on the quality of minced meat from undersized crawfish during frozen storage | 10.1186/s43014-020-00033-x |
2020-09-14 | Background Numerous sensing techniques have been investigated in an effort to monitor the main parameters influencing the residual limb/prosthesis interface, fundamental to the optimum design of prosthetic socket solutions. Sensing integration within sockets is notoriously complex and can cause user discomfort. A perso... | A personalised prosthetic liner with embedded sensor technology: a case study | 10.1186/s12938-020-00814-y |
2020-09-14 | This research work was carried out to find a suitably treated electrode for the required machining output response like MRR and TWR. The experimental design was formed using Box–Behnken design. Experiments were conducted to machine 500 µm holes on titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy using copper electrodes. Input parameters sel... | Effect of coated and treated electrodes on Micro-EDM characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V | 10.1007/s40430-020-02578-x |
2020-09-07 | Background The essential oil is one of the main active ingredients of Amomum villosum Lour. However, volatile compounds are easily lost during the drying, storage and even sample preparation procedure. Therefore, using fresh samples can obtain more accurately data for qualitative and comparative analysis. Methods In th... | Comparison of volatile compounds in different parts of fresh Amomum villosum Lour. from different geographical areas using cryogenic grinding combined HS–SPME–GC–MS | 10.1186/s13020-020-00377-z |
2020-09-01 | The titanium alloy has a low thermal conductivity of 1/8th that of common metals and half that of stainless steel. The heat dissipation is poor during dry cutting, so the cutting temperature rises above about 600°C. Due to this, the quality of the cutting surface decreases during machining, and rapid tool wear occurs. ... | Investigation on influence of hybrid nozzle of CryoMQL on tool wear, cutting force, and cutting temperature in milling of titanium alloys | 10.1007/s00170-020-05646-7 |
2020-09-01 | Searches for dark matter with cryogenic detectors are pushing to lower energy thresholds at each development stage. Consequently, new approaches for detector calibration at the proposed energy scales are necessary. In the case of SuperCDMS SNOLAB, energy thresholds in the range of a few eV are expected. In this paper, ... | New Approaches to Low-Energy Calibration of Cryogenic Detectors | 10.1007/s10909-020-02469-4 |
2020-09-01 | Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy is a powerful technique that gives element-specific information about the structure of molecules. The development of a laboratory EXAFS spectrometer capable of measuring transmission spectra would be a significant advance as the technique is currently only a... | Feasibility of Laboratory-Based EXAFS Spectroscopy with Cryogenic Detectors | 10.1007/s10909-020-02474-7 |
2020-09-01 | Steel AISI O2 (type 9G2) for a cold-working tool after different quenching, tempering, and cryogenic treatment regimes is studied. It is established that after cryogenic treatment the amount of residual austenite decreases by a factor of 4.3 compared with a quenched condition. The highest hardness 69 HRC is achieved af... | Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Tool Steel AISI O2 After Thorough Cryogenic Heat Treatment | 10.1007/s11041-020-00574-5 |
2020-09-01 | Quartz fiber–reinforced polyimide composites (QFRP) had heterogeneous and anisotropic properties. Because of the gradient change of cutting force at hole exit, some fibers could not be effectively chipping breaking and the defect of delamination burr was often inevitable. In this paper, a cutting force model of fiber f... | Influence of cryogenic cooling on milling hole exit of QFRP based on thermal–mechanical coupling | 10.1007/s00170-020-05916-4 |
2020-09-01 | In this study, the AZ91 magnesium alloy was subjected to solution and ageing heat treatment (T6) and deep cryogenic (DC) treatment to enhance the wear performance. For this purpose, the solution treatment process was performed at 400 °C for 4 h, 5 h, and 6 h, followed by ageing at 200 °C for 10 h to complete T6 treatme... | The Impact of Solution Treatment Time (T6) and Deep Cryogenic Treatment on the Microstructure and Wear Performance of Magnesium Alloy AZ91 | 10.1007/s11665-020-05058-4 |
2020-09-01 | Abstract Results characterizing the Pleistocene environments in the region of Northwestern Siberia are presented. The study of these environments is carried out from the perspective of the scientific concept of cryoheterotopy; this scientific approach is based on analysis of the typicality, atypicality, and utopicity o... | Analysis of Pleistocene Cryogenic and Tectonic Processes in Northwestern Siberia: A Cryoheterotopic Approach | 10.1134/S1028334X20090160 |
2020-09-01 | The CALDER project aims to realize cryogenic light detectors for the next generation of experiments searching for rare events. More in detail, the main application of these devices will be the background suppression in future cryogenic calorimetric experiments searching for neutrinoless double beta decay ( $$0\nu $$ 0 ... | Cryogenic Light Detectors for Background Suppression: The CALDER Project | 10.1007/s10909-020-02496-1 |
2020-09-01 | Abstract A possibility of contactless switching of an NbN nanowire from superconducting to normal state by passing a current through a gate located at a certain distance from the nanowire is demonstrated. The gate, being isolated from the nanowire by an Al_2O_3 layer, contains an integrated resistance formed by ion irr... | Control of Superconducting Transitions in Nanowires Using Galvanically Uncoupled Gates for Designing Superconductor-Based Electronic Devices | 10.1134/S1063783420090103 |
2020-08-01 | Many buses use cryogenic container to store the LNG as fuel. The heat insulated performance is an important parameter that reflected with daily evaporation rate or heat leakage of cryogenic container. In bus running process, the LNG container is affected by many factors and difficult to assess and analyze the heat insu... | Bus LNG container heat insulated performance estimate | 10.1007/s12206-020-0730-2 |
2020-08-01 | An efficient long-term storage of cryogenic propellants is a challenge for future space exploration missions. The vapour bubbles formed as a result of boil-off in the tank walls can generate foam structures, which could be hazardous in different operations in orbit. A recently proposed approach to control the dynamics ... | Performance Assessment of Ultrasonic Waves for Bubble Control in Cryogenic Fuel Tanks | 10.1007/s12217-020-09795-y |
2020-07-01 | Abstract Presented are the results of experimental studies into the interaction between the surface and subsurface water in 16 mountain river basins of East Sayan and Lake Baikal as carried out by the Irkutskbased Institute of Geography during 1984‒1990. The research program included regular measurements of the thickne... | Water Exchange in Small Riversheds With Severe Climatic
Conditions During a Cold Period of a Year | 10.1134/S1875372841030105 |
2020-07-01 | Excellent cryogenic mechanical properties are urgently requested for the materials used in liquid oxygen environment. However, a DOPO-modified epoxy resin (EP-P), which was compatible with liquid oxygen, had no improved cryogenic mechanical properties compared with the pure epoxy resin (EP). Besides, its mechanical pro... | Enhanced cryogenic mechanical properties and liquid oxygen compatibility of DOPO-containing epoxy resin reinforced by epoxy-grafted polysiloxane | 10.1007/s00289-019-02931-8 |
2020-07-01 | Abstract— Pedogenesis on the terraces of lacustrine–alas depressions in the tundra zone of the Kolyma Lowland takes place on sediments that are different in genesis but have significantly similar composition and properties. Soil morphology and soil cover patterns on terraces and slopes of depressions reflect the main t... | Soils and Sediments of the Lacustrine-Alas Depressions in Tundra Zone of the Kolyma Lowland | 10.1134/S1064229320070042 |
2020-07-01 | Abstract The results of long-term studies of a group of aufeis-forming Buluus groundwater sources are given. A stow, which has been formed by the spring, contains the drainage area of the suprapermafrost–intrapermafrost aquifer, which is widespread in the sand deposits of the bestyakhskaya terrace of the Lena River in ... | Groundwater Hydrochemistry of Suprapermafrost–Intrapermafrost Flow in Their Discharge Areas in Central Yakutia | 10.1134/S0097807820040119 |
2020-07-01 | Recent trends in metal cutting shows the increasing of demand at the global stage for the application of eco-friendly machining approaches in order to eliminate the adverse effects of conventional cutting fluids. Thus, this experimental work was conducted to evaluate the performance of sustainable cooling techniques of... | Sustainable Machining of Hardened Inconel 718: A Comparative Study | 10.1007/s12541-020-00332-w |
2020-07-01 | Abstract This work reports on the laboratory study of gas filtration in ice samples with various salinities and frozen soils. For this purpose, the frozen soils were affected by pressurized gas in a specially designed apparatus. Then, the structure of the samples was studied with the use of the texture and structure ob... | Gas Filtration in Frozen Soils | 10.3103/S0145875220040109 |
2020-07-01 | The machinability of composites had close relationship with cutting force. A milling hole force model of quartz fiber-reinforced polyimide composites (QFRP) was constructed considering cutting microzone temperature. A series of cryogenic milling hole testes were carried out through a liquid nitrogen inner cooling cutti... | Milling hole force of Quartz fiber-reinforced polyimide composite in cryogenic cooling | 10.1007/s00170-020-05659-2 |
2020-07-01 | Tough-pitch copper M1 is studied after deformation by the method of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) in a die with parallel channels with the use of cryogenic cooling in liquid nitrogen. Comparative analysis of the properties of the copper after the ECAP with cooling in liquid nitrogen and at room temperature is p... | Evolution of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Copper under ECAP with Intense Cooling | 10.1007/s11041-020-00544-x |
2020-06-01 | Purpose The accelerator-driven subcritical system (ADS) is the internationally recognized key technology of nuclear waste problem treatment, of which superconducting proton linac is an important part. With the support of the strategic science and technology pilot project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institut... | 2 K superfluid helium cryogenic vertical test system for superconducting cavity of ADS Injector I | 10.1007/s41605-020-00167-z |
2020-06-01 | This paper focuses on the impact of cryogenic assistance on the drilling of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy. It develops a relation between the phenomenon of hole shrinkage and measurements performed either during or after the machining operation. Indeed, because this phenomenon is apparently strongly associated with heat gener... | Effect of cryogenic assistance on hole shrinkage during Ti6Al4V drilling | 10.1007/s00170-020-05381-z |
2020-06-01 | The primary role of hard turning is to realize surfaces with high dimensional accuracy and high surface integrity to improve functional performances of the manufactured product. To this aim, the turning process parameters have to be carefully chosen. The present work deals with the correlation between hard turning para... | Surface integrity and corrosion performances of hardened bearing steel after hard turning | 10.1007/s00170-020-05352-4 |
2020-06-01 | In planned planetary explorations, cryogenic liquids such as liquid hydrogen (LH_2), liquid oxygen (LOX), and liquefied natural gases (LNG) are used as fuel and oxidants in the propulsion systems of spacecraft. Such explorations require long-term storage for those cryogens, as well as heat insulation technology to prot... | Basic Study on Thermodynamic Vent System in Propulsion System for Future Spacecraft | 10.1007/s12217-019-09768-w |
2020-06-01 | The effects of nitrogen content and hot forming temperature on prior austenite grain size for normalizing cryogenic pressure-vessel steels were described. The evolution of V(C,N) precipitates during thermal cycle of hot forming was analyzed. The optical microscopy displays that as increasing N content from 0.0094 to 0.... | Effects of Nitrogen Content and Hot Forming Temperature on Prior Austenite Grain Size and Mechanical Properties for Normalizing Cryogenic Pressure-Vessel Steels | 10.1007/s11665-020-04924-5 |
2020-06-01 | In order to investigate the wicking performance of cryogenic propellants within metallic screens for space liquid acquisition devices, a modified one-dimensional macroscopic model is introduced. The model is successfully verified by the experimental data of both isothermal and superheated wicking. Dutch twill weave 200... | Investigation on Wicking Performance of Cryogenic Propellants Within Woven Screens Under Different Thermal and Gravity Conditions | 10.1007/s10909-020-02446-x |
2020-05-14 | This research paper depicts the process of used liquid nitrogen at the interface of TiN coated carbide cutting tool insert (rake face) and AISI D3 workpiece. Design of experiments (DoE) was planned according to Taguchi L_9 (OA) orthogonal array. The experimental results during machining such as cutting force, machining... | Optimization of machining parameters during cryogenic turning of AISI D3 steel | 10.1007/s12046-020-01368-4 |
2020-05-09 | The objective of this research is to evaluate the performance of cryogenically treated cemented carbide milling inserts with 11% cobalt content in face milling of EN19 steel. Two different deep cryogenic treatments at temperature of around − 193 °C were performed on the inserts, namely cryogenic treatment and cryogenic... | Investigation on the effect of cryogenic treatment on tungsten carbide milling insert with 11% cobalt (WC–11%Co) | 10.1007/s42452-020-2872-3 |
2020-05-01 | Abstract The current results of operation of the first CM1 cryogenic moderator in the direction of neutron beams 7, 8, 10, and 11 at the power of IBR-2 with a new cryogenic system are presented in the paper. A new cryogenic system allowed to reduce the temperature of the working mixture in the chamber of the CM1 modera... | Gain Factor of the Pelletized Cold Neutron Moderator at 22 K | 10.1134/S1027451020030040 |
2020-05-01 | Abstract A measuring complex for recording events by single-photon superconducting detectors based on NbN structures is presented; low-noise high-frequency HEMT transistors are used as cryogenic amplifiers in it. | A Measuring Stand for Single-Photon Detectors Based on NbN Nanostructures | 10.3103/S0027134920030042 |
2020-05-01 | Abstract The review of both previously used lunar deep-hole soil-sampling tools (DSSTs) and new prototypes of these devices, developed for exploring the lunar polar regolith in future lunar projects, is presented, and the DSST options with different technical parameters and layout arrangements intended for future Russi... | Deep-Hole Soil-Sampling Tools for Future Russian Lunar Polar Missions | 10.1134/S0038094620030089 |
2020-05-01 | Despite the multiple and convincing evidence of the existence of dark matter (DM) in our Universe, its detection is one of the most pressing questions in particle physics. As of today, there is no unambiguous hint which could clarify the particle nature of DM. For these reasons, a huge experimental effort is ongoing, t... | Operation of a Diamond Cryogenic Detector for Low-Mass Dark Matter Searches | 10.1007/s10909-020-02350-4 |
2020-05-01 | We present the noise performance of high electron mobility transistors (HEMT) developed by CNRS/C2N laboratory. Various HEMT’s gate geometries with 2 pF to 230 pF input capacitance have been studied at 4 K. A model for both voltage and current noises has been developed with frequency dependence up to 1 MHz. These HEM... | Low-Noise HEMTs for Coherent Elastic Neutrino Scattering and Low-Mass Dark Matter Cryogenic Semiconductor Detectors | 10.1007/s10909-019-02269-5 |
2020-05-01 | In this study, fatigue life assessment was conducted on a KC-1 membrane, considering cryogenic operation temperature, effect of stamping, and very long service period. KC-1 membranes are produced through a process of stamping, and they make direct contact with LNG filled within a containment system at − 162 °C. The hig... | Fatigue Life Assessment of KC-1 Membrane Considering the Effects of Cryogenic Temperature and Plastic Deformation | 10.1007/s12541-019-00273-z |
2020-05-01 | We show that self-absorption of photons in scintillating bolometers can differentiate phonon pulse shapes between $$\alpha$$ α (or nuclear recoil) and $$\beta /\gamma$$ β / γ signals. This enables phonon pulse shape discrimination for particle identification. We establish a detector signal model that includes self-abso... | Self-absorption and Phonon Pulse Shape Discrimination in Scintillating Bolometers | 10.1007/s10909-020-02365-x |
2020-05-01 | QUBIC is a ground-based experiment aiming to measure the B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background. The developed instrument is an innovative two-frequency band bolometric interferometer that will operate at 300 mK with NbSi TES arrays. In this paper, we describe the fabrication process of the detectors. | TES Bolometer Arrays for the QUBIC B-Mode CMB Experiment | 10.1007/s10909-019-02304-5 |
2020-04-28 | Rapid progress of manufacturing industry intends to evolve an appropriate method to shape advanced materials, such as titanium and its alloys, with improved properties. Enhanced strength at elevated temperatures in addition to superior corrosion resistance and biocompatibility have made titanium a popular metal employe... | Grinding titanium alloys applying small quantity lubrication | 10.1007/s42452-020-2792-2 |
2020-04-27 | Epoxy resin has been wide applied in aerospace, superconducting industries because of the high electrical insulation, excellent adhesive properties and great chemical resistance. In this paper, epoxy/AlN composites were prepared by changing the content of the flexible amine (D-230) and the diethyl toluene diamine (DETD... | Mechanical and dielectric properties at liquid nitrogen temperature of epoxy/AlN composites modified with different contents of flexible amine | 10.1007/s42452-020-2776-2 |
2020-04-23 | The present work aimed to carry out the machining of EN-42 spring steel in wire electrical discharge machining with zinc-coated brass wire using distilled water as a dielectric medium. The effect of WS_2 powder added in a dielectric medium, on the metal removal rate and surface roughness has been evaluated. With the us... | Optimization of process parameters during WEDM of EN-42 spring steel | 10.1007/s42452-020-2650-2 |
2020-04-01 | Abstract Comparative studies of the properties of porous aerogels based on cerium and calcium alginates obtained by supercritical or cryogenic drying are performed. The properties of aerogels were analyzed by means of low-temperature adsorption of nitrogen, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and ... | The Possibilities of Application of Porous Aerogels Based on Alginates in Wound Healing | 10.1134/S1995421220020148 |
2020-04-01 | In this paper, the design and test results of a front-end cryogenic amplifier for a bolometer detector are presented. The amplifier is implemented with two low-noise Si JFETs, where the first FET is configured as a source follower amplifier and the second FET provides a high dynamic resistance to keep the voltage gain ... | A Cryogenic Front-End Preamplifier Operating at 120 K for Bolometric Detector | 10.1007/s10909-019-02318-z |
2020-04-01 | DNA nanotechnology utilizes DNA double strands as building units for self-assembly of DNA nanostructures. The specific base-pairing interaction between DNA molecules is the basis of these assemblies. After decades of development, this technology has been able to construct complex and programmable structures. With the i... | Characterization of 3D DNA Assemblies Using Cryogenic Electron Microscopy | 10.1007/s40242-020-9107-4 |
2020-04-01 | Abstract The biomass of prokaryotes and fungi, organic carbon stocks, and CO_2 emission were studied in the Cryosols and Leptosols of Franz Josef Land. The highest carbon stocks were found in the Eutric Leptosols (Loamic, Humic) formed in the wind-sheltered areas (23.2 kg C/m^2 in the upper 50 cm), as well as in Turbic... | Microbial Biomass, Carbon Stocks, and CO_2 Emission in Soils of Franz Josef Land: High-Arctic Tundra or Polar Deserts? | 10.1134/S1064229320040110 |
2020-04-01 | Carbon fiber/glass fiber-reinforced aluminum (Al) stacks are becoming predominant in the aerospace industries owing to their synergistic effect on numerous properties obtained by the combination of metal and composite material. This necessitates an investigation work to be performed on the machining characteristics of ... | Experimental Investigation and Parametric Optimization on Hole Quality Assessment During Drilling of CFRP/GFRP/Al Stacks | 10.1007/s40032-020-00563-w |
2020-04-01 | Microscopic imaging techniques have been developed to visualize events occurring in biological cells. Coherent X-ray diffraction imaging is one of the techniques applicable to structural analyses of cells and organelles, which have never been crystallized. In the experiment, a single noncrystalline particle is illumina... | Methods and application of coherent X-ray diffraction imaging of noncrystalline particles | 10.1007/s12551-020-00690-9 |
2020-04-01 | AISI 440C is a high carbon martensitic stainless steel, primarily used in bearing applications. For this study, one group of AISI 440C steel disks was quenched in oil and tempered. Another group was soaked in liquid nitrogen (− 196 °C) immediately after quenching for 5 h and then tempered. The resulting microstructures... | Rolling Contact Fatigue Resistance of Cryogenically Treated AISI 440C Steel | 10.1007/s11665-020-04777-y |
2020-04-01 | The NUCLEUS experiment aims for the detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering at a nuclear power reactor with gram-scale, ultra-low-threshold cryogenic detectors. This technology leads to a miniaturization of neutrino detectors and allows to probe physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. A... | NUCLEUS: Exploring Coherent Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering with Cryogenic Detectors | 10.1007/s10909-019-02283-7 |
2020-04-01 | Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers (CRESST) is a long-standing direct dark matter detection experiment with cryogenic detectors located at the underground facility Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. CRESST-III, the third generation of CRESST, was specifically designed to have a wor... | Searches for Light Dark Matter with the CRESST-III Experiment | 10.1007/s10909-020-02343-3 |
2020-04-01 | As a typically highly efficient two-phase heat transfer under cryogenic temperature range, the operation performances of cryogenic loop heat pipes (CLHPs) might be affected by the relative location of different components. A transient mathematical model is established in present work. The model validation is demonstrat... | Numerical Simulation on the Effects of Component Layout Orientation on the Performance of a Neon-Charged Cryogenic Loop Heat Pipe | 10.1007/s12217-019-09761-3 |
2020-04-01 | In the current direct dark matter search landscape, the leading experiments in the sub-GeV mass region mostly rely on cryogenic techniques which employ crystalline targets. One attractive type of crystals for these experiments is those containing lithium, due to the fact that $$^7\hbox {Li}$$ 7 Li is an ideal candidate... | Lithium-Containing Crystals for Light Dark Matter Search Experiments | 10.1007/s10909-019-02287-3 |
2020-04-01 | This paper reports our results on the electrothermal modeling of cryogenic silicon bolometers with pixel pitches of 500 and 1200 µm designed for cosmic microwave background polarimetric observation in 0.6 mm and 1.5 mm bands. These detectors should provide a high responsivity, typically around 10^11 V/W, and a very low... | Design, Simulation and Fabrication of Highly Sensitive Cooled Silicon Bolometers for Millimeter-Wave Detection | 10.1007/s10909-020-02405-6 |
2020-04-01 | A convincing observation of neutrino-less double beta decay ( $$0\nu {\hbox {DBD}}$$ 0 ν DBD ) relies on the possibility of operating high-energy resolution detectors in background-free conditions. Scintillating cryogenic calorimeters are one of the most promising tools to fulfill the requirements for a next-generation... | Final Results of the CUPID-0 Phase I Experiment | 10.1007/s10909-020-02382-w |
2020-04-01 | Systematic studies with a sapphire bolometer test setup, made with indigenously made NTD Ge sensor, are carried out. A C++ and ROOT-based pulse analysis program implementing Savitzky–Golay filtering technique for analyzing the bolometer signal is discussed. Response of the bolometer subject to heater pulses of energy e... | Systematic Studies of a Sapphire Bolometer with Phonon Pulses in the Temperature Range of 10–100 mK | 10.1007/s10909-019-02266-8 |
2020-04-01 | Hybrid manufacturing, which, e.g., combines additive manufacturing with conventional machining processes, can be a way of overcoming limitations currently encountered in additive manufacturing. Cryogenic milling might be a viable option for hard-to-cut materials, as it leaves a contamination-free surface and can increa... | Hybrid manufacturing of titanium Ti-6Al-4V combining laser metal deposition and cryogenic milling | 10.1007/s00170-020-05212-1 |
2020-04-01 | We present a strip transition-edge sensor microcalorimeter linear array detector developed for energy dispersive X-ray diffraction imaging and Compton scattering applications. The prototype detector is an array of 20 transition-edge sensors with absorbers in strip geometry arranged in a linear array. We discuss the fab... | Development of Transition-Edge Sensor X-ray Microcalorimeter Linear Array for Compton Scattering and Energy Dispersive Diffraction Imaging | 10.1007/s10909-019-02267-7 |
2020-03-27 | The virgin thermoplastics have numerous applications in fused deposition modelling (FDM) process. Commercially, different thermoplastics are recycled through extrusion (without any reinforcement as primary (1°) recycled materials) for enhancing their reusability and sustainability. However, hitherto very little has bee... | On mechanical and thermal properties of cryo-milled primary recycled ABS | 10.1007/s12046-020-1317-4 |
2020-03-19 | The Accelerator Driven Sub-critical (ADS) system is a strategic plan to solve the nuclear waste problem for nuclear power plants in China. High-energy particle accelerators and colliders contain long strings of superconducting devices, superconducting radio frequency cavities, and magnets, which may require cooling by ... | ADS Injector-I 2 K superfluid helium cryogenic system | 10.1007/s41365-020-0742-8 |
2020-03-01 | Abstract This paper presents the results of studies of the time and spectral characteristics of phosphorescence in organic compounds cooled to cryogenic temperatures. The data obtained after the analysis make it possible to propose a physical mechanism of excitation of long-term phosphorescence and assess the prospects... | The Time Characteristics and Phosphorescence Spectra of Cooled Carbon-Containing Analogues of the Shpolsky Matrix | 10.3103/S0027134920020022 |
2020-03-01 | A predictive thermal analytical model based on the improved Oxley’s theory and the image heat source method for orthogonal cutting was proposed to obtain the exact temperature distributions in the chip, tool, and workpiece during cryogenic machining. The influences of some important factors, including the shear deforma... | Modeling of temperature distribution in turning of Ti-6Al-4V with liquid nitrogen cooling | 10.1007/s00170-020-05093-4 |
2020-03-01 | The high speed machining process is considered as one of the manufacturing technologies more prone to increase the productivity. The increasing interest in this manufacturing process is also due to the good surface quality (e.g. low roughness) as well as the significant alteration of the subsurface (improved hardness a... | Surface and subsurface modifications of AA7075-T6 induced by dry and cryogenic high speed machining | 10.1007/s00170-020-05108-0 |
2020-03-01 | Cryogenic treatment is a supplementary heat treatment which can be applied to many different alloys. The effects of treatment are permanent and affect the entire material section. There have been many studies focused on the cryogenic treatment of tool steels. In the current study, an annealed Ti6Al4V material was used,... | Tribological Properties of Cryo-Treated and Aged Ti6Al4V Alloy | 10.1007/s12666-020-01898-9 |
2020-03-01 | Abstract The milling of molybdenite under cryogenic conditions in argon has been performed for the first time, and the physicochemical properties of its samples, their catalytic activity in model reactions of hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and diesel components, and the ability to initiate the isopropylbenzen... | Influence of Conditions of Cryogenic Molybdenite Grinding on the Activity of Bulk Sulfide Hydrotreating Catalysts | 10.1134/S0965544120030147 |
2020-03-01 | Obtaining a high specific capacity of Sn-Ti composite anode for lithium-ion batteries while maintaining stable cycle is a key issue to be solved. Research on using reasonable compensation treatment is of importance for solving the problem. In this work, the Sn-Ti-C nanofibers are prepared by electrospinning and using d... | Performance enhancement of Sn-Ti-C nanofibers anode for lithium-ion batteries via deep cryogenic treatment | 10.1007/s10008-020-04519-z |
2020-02-27 | A honeycomb structure is widely used in sandwich structure components in aeronautics and astronautics; however, machining is required to reveal some of its features. In honeycomb structures, deficiencies, such as burrs, edge subsiding, and cracking, can easily appear, owing to poor specific stiffness in the radial dire... | Surface Quality Improvement in Machining an Aluminum Honeycomb by Ice Fixation | 10.1186/s10033-020-00439-1 |
2020-02-01 | Cryogenic diamond burnishing is an impactful method to enhance the functional performance of the product. In this article, an experimental study on the diamond burnishing of 17-4 precipitation hardenable stainless steel in a cryogenic cooling condition has been presented. This material has excellent corrosion resistanc... | Application of Desirability Approach to Optimize the Control Factors in Cryogenic Diamond Burnishing | 10.1007/s13369-019-04326-3 |
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