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Key: "S:" = Show Synset (semantic) relations, "W:" = Show Word (lexical) relations
Display options for sense: (gloss) "an example sentence"
- S: (n) skim (a thin layer covering the surface of a liquid) "there was a thin skim of oil on the water"
- S: (n) skim, skimming (reading or glancing through quickly)
- S: (v) plane, skim (travel on the surface of water)
- S: (v) skim over, skim (move or pass swiftly and lightly over the surface of)
- S: (v) scan, skim, rake, glance over, run down (examine hastily) "She scanned the newspaper headlines while waiting for the taxi"
- S: (v) skim, skip, skitter (cause to skip over a surface) "Skip a stone across the pond"
- S: (v) skim (coat (a liquid) with a layer)
- S: (v) skim, skim off, cream off, cream (remove from the surface) "skim cream from the surface of milk"
- S: (v) skim, skim over (read superficially)
- S: (adj) skim, skimmed (used of milk and milk products from which the cream has been removed) "yogurt made with skim milk"; "she can drink skimmed milk but should avoid butter" | <urn:uuid:4dfec884-815d-44cf-8dfd-b5df10cba09d> | 2013-05-21T17:37:38Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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I'm looking to implement standard category terms across a network of multisite blogs.
The aim is:
- create a category on one blog (or the root blog), and it is created on all blogs
- each blog will have its own category URLs e.g. with a category called 'apples' it'd be test.example.com/categories/apples and on anothertest.example.com/categories/apples - only listing those posts on the appropriate blog.
I've seen there's a concept of global_terms in the code - I'm not sure if this is related or not, as I can't find a lot of documentation on this, or whether it's deprecated in 3.0.x. If this is what I'm looking for, can anyone provide an example? | <urn:uuid:4a95a710-d1b1-4c34-b83d-68ee5727adb9> | 2013-05-21T17:25:52Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Tuesday, January 23, 2007, 11:30 PM - Vocational retrainingIn California workers' comp law, what is the difference between vocational rehab and a voc rehab voucher?
Both of these terms refer to what an injured worker may receive in California if the worker is unable to return to work and the employer claims there is no modified or alternate work available.
Some historical perspective is in order here. Until 1994, there was no dollar limit on the cost of a retraining program for workers unable to return to work. Some workers received lengthy and expensive retraining programs. Under Republican Governor Pete Wilson, voc rehab benefits were capped at $16,000. The $16,000 limit covers injuries up until 1/1/04. Expenses that count against the $16,000 cap include the fees of voc rehab counselors, tuition and placement costs, and monies for travel, books, clothing allowance, and so forth. Vocational training was usually recommended by voc rehab counselors and was subject to approval of a "plan" by the state. There was no guarantee that the "plan" would result in the worker actually getting a job. California law allows voc rehab benefits to be settled for up to $10,000, but does not require the insurer to settle at all or offer the full $10,000.
Schwarzenegger's 2004 reform eliminated the voc rehab benefit. In its place is a "supplemental job displacement benefit" known as a "voucher." This voucher is a piece of paper which can be redeemed for tuition costs at a state-accredited school. The amount of the voucher ranges from $0 to $10,000 depending on the level of permanent disability in the case. Because the new Schwarzenegger rating system is based on the very restrictive AMA (American Medical Association) system of impairment assessment, some workers who are unable to return to work due to physical restrictions may receive 0% disability ratings and be unable to receive a voucher. This will be the subject of litigation in many cases.
Keep in mind that injured workers have the right to demand reasonable accommodation and an "interactive process" to determine whether they can be accommodated or placed in a vacant position. Our office holds free monthly workshops for workers seeking reasonable accommodation.
Also note that the State of California has its own Department of Rehabilitation that is not connected to the workers comp system. That website is as follows:
Tuesday, January 23, 2007, 07:47 AM - Medical treatment under WCThe California workers' comp system has a form for doctors to file when the doctor determines that there has been a work injury or occupational disease. The form is known as "Doctor's First Report of Occupational Injury or Illness" and can be downloaded by clicking here:
Sometimes there will clearly have been an accident causing injury (an explosion, for example). In other instances, the worker will already have filed an official California claim form known as a DWC-1. Or perhaps, the worker gave verbal notice of an injury and then filed some other in-house notice form to put the employer on formal notice of an injury. But sometimes the employer will not have notice of the work injury or occupational disease until the doctor files the "First report."
Time frames? The doctor is to file the form within 5 days of the initial exam for an occupational injury or illness. Two copies are to be sent to the workers' comp insurance carrier or the insured employer.
If you need a California workers' comp claim form, you can get a DWC-1 claim form by clicking here:
In a California workers' comp case, the "Doctor's First Report" can be very important. At a later date, examining doctors and treating doctors may look at the "First Report" closely to see what "history" the doctor took or what body parts were mentioned. Sometimes the "Doctor's First Report" is filled out by an ER doctor or clinic doctor who does not spend a lot of time listening to the worker or writing down the accurate history. This can be a major problem later if the injury is disputed and the "First Report" is in error or incomplete.
Monday, January 22, 2007, 08:36 AM - Political developmentsThis year's debate in the California legislature over health care access is important to California injured workers. Most injured workers lose their coverage if they don't return to work after an injury.
Over the last several decades, some large employers have either reduced health care coverage or refused to offer it at all. Wal-Mart has been the "poster boy" for big employers that offered little or no coverage. The result? Since these workers are not paid a salary that will support them buying coverage on their own (even if it were available), the burden has been shifted. Shifted where? To taxpayers. To states and the Federal government under the Medicaid program. And to counties and the various entities that operate local hospitals.
Many non-union employers do not provide health care coverage. As part of health care reform, some states are experimenting with laws to require employers to carry coverage. This is what Maryland did, requiring employers with 10,000 or more employees in the state to pay 8% of their payrolls for health insurance or pay into a state-mandated fund for that purpose. Wal-Mart challenged the law.
In a recent decision, the Fourth Circuit of the United States Court of Appeals (one step below the U.S. Supreme Court) ruled that Maryland's law violated a federal law known as ERISA, which generally governs health and disability plans on a national basis.
You can read a more detailed account from the New York Times by clicking here:
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/18/busin ... nted=print
The Clinton administration failed to achieve health care reform and the Bush administration has not tried. So states are beginning to experiment with plans to achieve wider coverage. For a good analysis, look at Bill Ainsworth's piece in the San Diego paper:
http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib ... ealth.html
If states cannot require large employers to carry coverage on their employees, the trend towards offering no coverage may accelerate. Perhaps there will eventually be health care reform by the U.S. Congress, but that is probably at least a few years down the road. Meanwhile, California's legislature begins its debate on the Schwarzenegger, Nunez, Perata and Kuehl health care reform proposals.
This is a debate worth watching closely.
Sunday, January 21, 2007, 05:47 PM - Political developmentsThe term of California Workers' Compensation Appeals Board commissioner Merle Rabine is ending. Earlier this week, I attended a goodbye event honoring Rabine. Held at the San Francisco building which houses the California Supreme Court, the event was pretty much a who's who of California workers' compensation law.
Present were heavy hitters from various groups, including the applicant attorneys (representing injured workers), the defense attorneys, the staff of the Department of Industrial Relations, the workers' compensation judges, the remaining WCAB commissioners, and other figures in the comp industry.
Rabine was appointed to a six-year term in 2000 by then-Governor Gray Davis. Rabine served as chairperson of the WCAB until Gov. Schwarzenegger appointed current chairperson Joseph Miller as the chairperson. Rabine's term was marked by the most significant changes in the system since the 1913 passing of the Boynton Act, which set up much of the system. Separate reforms passed in 2003 and 2004 have been the subject of a huge volume of litigation. Many issues from the 2003 and 2004 reforms addressed by the WCAB during Rabine's term are now headed for the California Courts of Appeal and, in at least one case, the California Supreme Court.
In the eyes of many system observers, Rabine's term was something of a surprise. As a former President of the California Applicants' Attorneys Association and as a partner and protege of legendary Santa Ana applicant attorney Eugene Leviton, many expected Rabine to be reflexively "applicant oriented". During his tenure, there were grumblings from a number of his former colleagues that his decisions did not sufficiently "carry the torch" for injured workers and that decisions on his watch were not especially well crafted. There was never any doubt about Rabine's competence, integrity or work ethic.
Frankly, it is probably too soon to assess Rabine's term on the WCAB. Legal historians may be able to better assess his term some years from now, depending on the outcome of many of the appellate cases under consideration.
In a short speech at his goodbye event, Rabine noted that he felt that one of his major accomplishments was the revision of the WCAB's Rules of Practice and Procedure.
Governor Schwarzenegger now has a chance to further shape the system by filling Rabine's slot with a new six-year appointee. WCAB commissioners do not necessarily always come from a workers' comp legal background . It is not clear how long it will take Schwarzenegger to settle on a new nomination. But any nominee will be subject to legislative confirmation, so the appointment could become wrapped up in Sacramento politics. Stay tuned.
Saturday, January 20, 2007, 03:10 PM - Medical treatment under WCI noted an interesting article in the 1/14/07 Sunday edition of The New York Times. The title? "Company Clinics Cut Health Costs: More Big Companies Are Turning To An Old Idea."
This is an interesting phenomenon, particularly in the context of California's 2004 workers' comp reforms and the upcoming debate in the 2007 California legislature about health care reform.
The article notes that large employers across the nation, frustrated with the escalation in costs of health care, have opened more medical clinics in their own factories and offices. Over 100 of the country's largest 1,000 employers are said to now offer on-site primary care services. The article notes that in the past, on-site company clinics were primarily for occupational injury purposes. The scope of these clinics appear to be widening now so that many employees can get check-ups for a variety of different illnesses and conditions. At many companies, there is no charge for using these clinics. Many of these clinics emphasize health education and preventive treatment. You can download the article by clicking here:
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/14/busin ... ref=slogin
If your employer has an on-site clinic, the clinic doctors may be the first doctors you will see for a work-related injury or occupational disease. If the clinic doctor determines that your injury or illness is work-related, the doctor is required by law to file a form known as a "First Report of Work Injury." You can get a copy of that form by clicking here:
We have heard from some injured workers that company clinic doctors attempt to discourage workers from claiming that a condition is work-related. You should note that what you tell the clinic doctor at the time of intake (the "history") will probably be written down and will be in your file. Those notes can be used in later workers' compensation proceedings. If you believe your condition is work-related in whole or in part, you have a right to file a California workers' comp claim. To download a claim form, you can click here: | <urn:uuid:1353b748-8453-49a8-85c2-0adf02764ac7> | 2013-05-21T17:24:22Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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New study says US war has killed 655,000 Iraqis
the editorial board
12 October 2006
This article is available as a PDF leaflet to download and distribute
According to a study published Wednesday in the British medical journal the Lancet, the US invasion and occupation of Iraq are responsible for the deaths of an estimated 655,000 Iraqis.
The survey of Iraqi casualties was conducted by a team of Iraqi physicians under the direction of epidemiologists at Johns Hopkins University’s Bloomberg School of Public Health in Maryland.
The estimate of the researchers is more than 12 times the figure of 44,000 to 49,000 civilian deaths given by the British group Iraq Body Count, and nearly 22 times the figure of 30,000, “more or less,” mentioned by President Bush in a December 2005 press conference.
The number of estimated deaths of Iraqis since the invasion corresponds to 2.5 percent of the population of Iraq. A matching percentage of the US population of 300 million would be 7.5 million—nearly the entire population of New York City.
The number of 655,000 represents the “excess” deaths caused by the American invasion and occupation. This is the difference between the number of people killed since March 2003 and the number of deaths that would be expected on the basis of pre-war death rates.
Of the total number of war-related deaths, an estimated 600,000 died as a result of violence, including gun shots, car bombs and other explosive devices, and air strikes. An estimated 31 percent of these, or 186,000, are attributed by the study directly to coalition forces—that is, these Iraqis were killed by the American military or its allies. According to the study, gunshot wounds caused 56 percent of violent deaths—an extraordinarily high figure that points again to the direct role of the US military.
An additional 24 percent of war-related deaths are attributed to other sources, including sectarian killings and suicide bombings, while 45 percent are classified as unknown.
These figures give a partial picture of the consequences of a war crime of vast dimensions. US imperialism has laid waste to an entire country and killed a significant proportion of the population in order to seize control of Iraq’s vast oil resources and establish a hegemonic position in the Middle East. The Lancet report stands as an indictment not only of the Bush administration, but of the entire US political establishment.
Death on such a scale was an entirely foreseeable result of the invasion of Iraq. The US attack has produced a social catastrophe of historical proportions.
The nightmare of death and destruction unleashed by the US gives the lie to all of the claims, beyond the phony allegations of weapons of mass destruction and Iraqi support for Al Qaeda, advanced to justify the war—that it was launched to liberate the Iraqi people, that it is a war for democracy and freedom, etc.
The report states that the US intervention has killed more than twice as many Iraqis in the space of three-and-a-half years than were killed by the regime of Saddam Hussein in the course of its 24-year reign, based on the estimate by Human Rights Watch of 250,000 to 290,000 killings under the deposed Baathist government.
The occupying forces are responsible not only for those they killed directly, but for all of the violence that has been unleashed by the invasion. The US policy of supporting different ethnic groups and pitting them against each other has led to the sharp increase in sectarian killings over the past year. The ultimate cause of all the deaths, as well as the uncounted injuries, lies in the decision to launch the war itself.
The 55,000 additional deaths from non-violent sources are attributed by the study to heart attacks, cancer, infant mortality and other illnesses. This increase is directly related to the destruction of Iraq’s social infrastructure, including electricity, sanitation, clean water and medical care.
The immediate response of the Bush administration to the Lancet report was a predictable mixture of contempt and indifference. In a press conference on Wednesday, Bush called the figure of 655,000 “not credible” and said the methodology used in the study had been “discredited.” He did not bother to explain the basis on which he dismissed the report.
For its part, the Pentagon responded by saying that it “regrets the loss of any innocent life in Iraq or anywhere else.” The pro-forma character of this statement betrays the complete indifference of the US military. The Pentagon went on to claim, “It would be difficult for the US to precisely determine the number of civilian deaths in Iraq as a result of insurgent activity.”
This statement, as with virtually all official US statements on Iraqi casualties, attributes the toll on Iraqi lives entirely to the resistance, not to US violence. This is yet another in the mountain of lies employed to justify the war.
Since the invasion, the US government has refused to release figures on the deaths it has caused. The US-backed Iraqi government has systematically underestimated the death toll, and has stepped up its policy of concealment in tandem with the increasing carnage from US military attacks, mass killings by death squads, and suicide bombings. Beginning in September, the government of Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki barred the Baghdad morgue and the Health Ministry from releasing their own reports on deaths.
The Lancet study is the most credible estimate of deaths available, and is based on an entirely sound methodology. The figure of 655,000 is much higher than numbers reported by other surveys, including Iraq Body Count, because these other estimates rely on passive surveys of deaths reported in the press. This method is known to vastly underestimate actual deaths, since most killings go unreported. Iraq Body Count also includes only civilian casualties, while the Lancet report includes all deaths.
In an article on Wednesday, the Washington Post cited several researchers who backed the survey’s findings, including Ronald Waldman, an epidemiologist at Columbia University, who said the survey methods were “tried and true” and that the results were “the best estimate of mortality we have” from Iraq. Sarah Leah Whitson, from Human Rights Watch, said that there was “no reason” to question the report’s findings.
The Post noted, “Both this and the earlier [Johns Hopkins] study are the only ones to estimate mortality in Iraq using scientific methods. The technique, called ‘cluster sampling,’ is used to estimate mortality in famines and after natural disasters.”
To arrive at their estimate, the researchers selected a random population sample across different regions of Iraq and then calculated the number of deaths since the invasion of March 2003 in that sample. In total, 1,849 households were visited, and a member of the household was asked to report on deaths in the family from the period beginning 14 months before the invasion of Iraq through to the present.
To verify the reported deaths, the interviewers requested death certificates 87 percent of the time. Of those asked, 92 percent were able to give certificates.
After calculating the number of post-invasion deaths among the households sampled, the resulting figure was used to estimate the number of deaths for the population as a whole. Based on pre-invasion death rates, the researchers calculated the expected deaths during the same period. The difference between these two figures yielded the “excess” deaths produced by the invasion and occupation. The 655,000 number is a middle figure. The researchers reported that they were 95 percent confident that the actual number of deaths was between 393,000 and 943,000.
Even if one assumes that the low-end of their estimate is correct, the death toll is staggering, with the US military directly responsible for more than 110,000 violent deaths.
Claims that the Johns Hopkins research methods are unsound were also used in an attempt to discredit an earlier report that estimated 100,000 excess deaths in Iraq from March 2003 to September 2004. The new study gives independent confirmation of that figure, yielding on the basis of an independent sample an estimate of 112,000 during that same period.
In answering a question on the Lancet report during his press conference on Wednesday, Bush’s comments reeked of stupidity, indifference and imperial arrogance. Acknowledging that “a lot of innocent people have died,” Bush said he applauded the Iraqi people “for their courage in the face of violence.”
“This is a society which so wants to be free that... there’s a level of violence they are willing to tolerate,” Bush said. The truth is the exact opposite. The violence is a product of colonial subjugation of a population that overwhelmingly opposes the presence of foreign troops in Iraq. Recent polls have found that at least 60 percent of the population supports attacks on US military forces.
At the same time, Bush indicated that the level of killing will increase in the coming period. He declared that it is “time for the Iraqi government to work hard to bring security in neighborhoods”—a reference to US demands for a violent crackdown on Iraqi resistance, particularly on anti-American Shiite militias. Last weekend, US forces carried out a major action in Diwaniyah, a city south of Baghdad, against militias associated with Shiite fundamentalist cleric Moqtada al-Sadr.
Also on Wednesday, the US Army said that it planned to keep troop numbers at current levels through 2010. Army Chief of StaffPeter Schoomaker said the move was intended to insure that “I can continue to shoot as long as they want us to shoot.”
Washington has used the alleged killing of smaller numbers of people by other governments as a pretext for military attack. The Clinton administration and the media made vastly exaggerated and entirely unsubstantiated claims of Serbian killings of Albanian Kosavars in early 1999 to justify the US plan to launch an air war against the former Yugoslovia. At that time, figures in the area of 100,000-200,000 were tossed out and the regime of Slobodan Milosevic was roundly accused of genocide.
However, following the air war, the Tribunal on War Crimes in Kosovo issued an estimate of Albanian deaths from Serb attacks plus the US-led NATO bombing campaign at between 2,000 and 3,000. This figure is obviously dwarfed by the death toll resulting from the US rape of Iraq. But there are no charges from any section of the US political establishment, from either of its two parties, or from the media of genocide in Iraq.
While Milosevic, at the behest of Washington, was put on trial at the Hague for war crimes, the very suggestion that Bush and the top policy makers—Cheney, Rumsfeld, Rice, Powell, Wolfowitz—who conspired to launch an unprovoked war against Iraq should suffer a similar fate would be denounced on all sides as nothing short of treason.
The scale of death and destruction in Iraq has been systematically concealed from the American people, with the complicity of the mass media and the Democratic Party.
There has been very little reporting on the recently launched military operations in Iraq, in both Shiite and Sunni areas. US troops have been conducting neighborhood sweeps, seizing and arresting an untold number of people. How many thousands of people have been killed during the latest round of military aggression? Without any independent reports of what is going on, it is impossible to know.
The silence of the media and both parties reflects the American ruling elite’s contempt for human life in general, and the lives of Iraqis in particular.
The attitude of the Bush administration and the Democrats stands in sharp contrast to the sentiment of broad sections of the US population, who are increasingly disgusted, horrified and shamed by the brutality unleashed by the US invasion in the name of the American people.
The only party in the November elections that represents this growing opposition is the Socialist Equality Party. In its election program (see “For a socialist alternative in the 2006 US elections”), the SEP calls for the immediate and unconditional withdrawal of all US troops from Iraq—the elementary precondition for putting an end to the brutal and ongoing slaughter.
The SEP demands that those responsible for the war be tried as war criminals. The election program also calls for the US government to compensate the Iraqi people for the destruction and suffering it has caused, as well as the families of American soldiers killed in the war and the men and women who have been wounded, both mentally and physically.
The war in Iraq has been waged in the interests of the American ruling elite, not the American people. The SEP calls for a break with the two parties of big business and the building of a new socialist party of the working class. The only viable basis for a struggle against imperialist war is the development of a mass socialist movement against the two-party capitalist system.
We call on all those who oppose the occupation of Iraq to vote for the SEP candidates where they are standing. Study our program, donate to our election fund, and contact the SEP to participate in our campaigns. Join the SEP and help fight for a socialist alternative to war and social reaction. | <urn:uuid:68fd7a68-6375-4036-9042-7a80649072ac> | 2013-05-21T17:09:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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NEW DELHI (AP) - Hundreds of gay rights activists marched through New Delhi on Sunday to demand that they be allowed to lead lives of dignity in India's deeply conservative society.
Dozens of demonstrators carried a nearly 15-meter (50-foot) -long, rainbow-colored banner and waved placards demanding that the government extend the scope of anti-discrimination laws to schools, workplaces and public and private spaces.
Activists said that three years after the Delhi High Court made changes in India's colonial-era law that made gay sex a crime, homosexuals are still not socially accepted in India.
In 2009, the court decriminalized gay sex, which until then had been punishable by up to 10 years in prison.
Conservative groups have asked India's top court to overturn the lower court's order, and Supreme Court judges are currently hearing opinions from a range of people, including conservative groups and gay rights activists. It's unclear when the court will make a ruling.
"If only the Supreme Court comes out on our side, and if gay marriage became legal, what could be better," said Zorian Cross, a New Delhi-based theater actor and playwright at the parade.
"Queer and loving it" and "Give us your support" read some of the placards carried by the activists as they marched to the beat of traditional drums and music. Other supporters distributed badges and rainbow-colored flags and scarves.
The march ended in a public meeting at Jantar Mantar, the main area for protests in the heart of the capital. Many gay rights group members and their families danced and sang as drummers and musicians performed.
Vimal Kumar, an activist with the National Alliance of People's Movements, said the government had to ensure that all forms of discrimination against gays, lesbians and transgenders are ended.
"The government has to listen. Our struggle has gone on for very long, and we are hopeful the government will listen and act on our demands," Kumar said.
Gay rights activists are demanding that the government allow people to record the gender of their choice in the national census, voter identity cards and all other government documents.
"We are demanding that all people be allowed to exercise their right to live their lives with dignity and freedom, regardless of their gender or sexual orientation," said a statement issued by rights groups at the parade.
Kumar said people's attitudes were gradually beginning to change and there was greater understanding among families in urban areas as television campaigns and gay parade marches caught on. But the pace of change is slow, he said.
In some big cities, homosexuality is slowly gaining acceptance, and a few high-profile Bollywood films have dealt with gay issues.
Still, many marchers Sunday covered their faces with scarves or wore masks because they have not told their friends and families about their sexuality.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
Something unusual: Acupuncture for ailing sea turtles. (Photos)
A man broke the world record by riding a Ferris wheel.
Check out the most expensive home for sale in the U.S. (Video)
Can you guess why this pigeon is the world's most expensive? | <urn:uuid:46f10851-e818-45ac-a58f-6cee7703bbdc> | 2013-05-21T17:33:01Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Mubarak's Dream Remains Just That In Egypt's Desert
Originally published on Tue July 10, 2012 8:57 am
In the middle of southern Egypt's windy desert, wheat fields stretch as far as the eye can see on a 24,000-acre farm. It's part of a grandiose project called Toshka that was dreamed up 15 years ago by the government of Hosni Mubarak, Egypt's authoritarian leader who ruled the country for three decades before being ousted last year.
A key component of the Toshka project was to cultivate a half-million acres of farmland in the desert to deal with Egypt's rising demand for food. To irrigate the land, millions of dollars were spent building pumping stations and canals to draw water from nearby Lake Nasser, a vast man-made lake created by the construction of the Aswan High Dam on the Nile River.
But mismanagement, corruption and Mubarak's eventual ouster have left Toshka and other projects languishing. Now, as economic hardship rises in Egypt, there's renewed interest in — and debate over — the Toshka project.
Building A New Community
In addition to his goal of cultivating farmland in the desert, Mubarak also sought to create new towns for Egyptians in this vast barren region, with hopes of persuading up to 20 percent of Egypt's population to move here.
"Toshka has a very specific importance, not only as a new area for people to move in, but also being close to the border with Sudan," says Mahmoud Abu Zeid, who heads the Arab Water Council in Cairo and was Egypt's water minister when Toshka was conceived.
"We need to have a new community there, an Egyptian community to live there. And also, you never know what happens between the two countries in the future," he says. "So it has a strategic aim, and also a development aim, supported by decisions from top-down."
Emma Deputy Bracy, a doctoral student in Cairo who is writing her dissertation on the project, says Mubarak saw Toshka as a social contract with young Egyptians.
"They called it 'the march to the desert,' and it was supposed to be literally a relocation of 20 percent of Egypt's population focused mainly on youth," Bracy says. It was also supposed to be a place to reintegrate workers who were coming back from places like Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Libya, she says.
But progress was slow, hampered by mismanagement, shady land deals and repeated delays in funding from both inside and outside Egypt. When then-Prime Minister Kamal el-Ganzouri — the project's key proponent — was replaced in 1999, the project was largely shelved.
Talk Of Reviving The Project
These days, what's left is a blue-and-white sign in the desert that has become an unintended monument to the project's abandonment. It reads: "New Toshka City."
Now, though, concerns over Egypt's weakening economy have prompted talk of reviving the project. Its key proponent, Kamal el-Ganzouri, was again named prime minister by the ruling generals, although he will be replaced when the new president, Mohammed Morsi, names his Cabinet.
"Ganzouri came back, and he's pushing the project right now very strongly, and encouraging different ministries to finish their plans and so on," says the former water minister, Abu Zeid.
Major hurdles remain, however. Critics say Egypt lacks the means to transport large quantities of wheat and other produce from Toshka to the rest of the country. Most of what the farms there produce now is exported because it's more profitable.
Nor is it easy to cultivate the land. Farm managers say the ground is salty and that it takes about three years to convert into soil that can be used for crops.
"If you want to take the natural conditions into account, probably any kind of solar-energy farming down there would make a lot more sense," adds Bracy, the doctoral student.
The Muslim Brotherhood — a movement in which Morsi was until recently a key leader — is also dead set against reviving the project, which it links to Mubarak's excesses.
Existing Farms Thrive
In the southern Egyptian city of Aswan, Mohamed Abdul Fattah, the secretary-general of the Brotherhood's political party, says the group has its own revival plan emphasizing tourism and agricultural projects in other locations.
"I've seen independent studies that show Toshka was doomed to fail to begin with," he says. "A lot of money went into it, but few jobs came out of it. So it's not just about the corruption."
Still, the handful of farms started up as part of the project appear to be thriving. One is Kingdom Agricultural Development Company, owned by Saudi Arabian Prince al-Waleed bin Talal, one of the world's wealthiest men.
Crop manager Ibrahim Dahrouk says the farm provides hundreds of jobs to local residents, including women. They earn between $6 and $9 a day, considered a hefty wage in these parts.
But unemployment is rampant in the nearby town of Abu Simbel, which has suffered because of the steep decline in Egyptian tourism since the revolution. Dozens of angry men recently staged a sit-in at the electric company there after the government hired out-of-towners for 60 jobs in the area.
Some of the protesters claimed if Toshka was revived, it would go a long way to eradicating poverty in Abu Simbel and other communities in southern Egypt.
Assad Abeid el-Majeed, the mayor of Abu Simbel, argues that Toshka is a national project that Egyptians should take pride in. The pumping stations and other infrastructure are there now, he says, and they should be put to use.
RENEE MONTAGNE, HOST:
In Egypt, a major concern for the new Islamist president is the economy. Since last year's revolution, jobs are harder to come by. The cost of living is rising, and fuel shortages are leading to lengthy lines at Egyptian gas stations. Such problems are not new. Former President Hosni Mubarak tried tackling economic hardships with grandiose projects like one called Toshka in southern Egypt.
The idea was to cultivate farmland in the desert and also expand living space for Egyptians, which for thousands of years has been centered almost entirely along the Nile River. But mismanagement, corruption and Mubarak's ouster have left projects like Toshka languishing. NPR's Soraya Sarhaddi Nelson traveled to the manmade oasis and filed this report.
(SOUNDBITE OF WIND)
SORAYA SARHADDI NELSON, BYLINE: Wheat fields in the middle of a windy desert stretch as far as the eye can see on this 24,000-acre farm called the South Valley Development Company. The crops here are fed by fast-moving canals, with water pumped in from Lake Nasser, the vast man-made lake created by the construction of the Aswan High Dam on the Nile River. Other large farms carved out of the desert used the same irrigation network, which is part of the Toshka mega-project dreamed up by the Mubarak government 15 years ago.
Million of Egyptians were to be relocated here in what officials hoped would become a new Nile Valley. The plan was to build towns and factories, as well as cultivate a half million acres of farmland in this barren region next to Sudan, which like Egypt, is totally dependent on the Nile.
MAHMOUD ABU ZEID: Toshka has a very specific importance.
NELSON: That's Mahmoud Abu Zeid, who heads the Arab Water Council in Cairo. He was Egypt's water minister when Toshka was conceived.
ZEID: Not only as a new area for people to move in, but also being close to the borders with Sudan. I mean, we need to have a new community there, Egyptian community, to live there. And also, you never know what happens between the two countries in the future. So it has a strategic aim, and also a development aim supported by decisions from top-down.
NELSON: Emma Deputy Bracy, a doctoral student in Cairo who is writing her dissertation on Toshka, says the project was the Mubarak government's attempt at a social contract with young Egyptians.
EMMA DEPUTY BRACE: They called it a march to the desert, and it was supposed to be, literally, a relocation of 20 percent of Egypt's population focused mainly on youth, and it was supposed to be some sort of a safety valve for reintegrating workers into the population who were coming back from places like Iraq and Saudi and Libya.
NELSON: Then Prime Minister Prime Minister Kamal el-Ganzouri tackled the project with gusto, but progress was slow, hampered by mismanagement, shady land deals and repeated delays in funding from both inside and outside Egypt. Many of the projects associated with Toshka were shelved after Ganzouri was replaced in 1999.
An unintended monument to its abandonment is a blue-and-white sign that reads New Toshka City, posted in the middle of the desert. But the nearby farms started up as part of the project are thriving, with new plans to expand approved by the military-led government. One is Kingdom Agricultural Development Company, owned by Saudi Arabian Prince al-Waleed bin Talal, one of the world's wealthiest men.
In one harvested wheat field here, a giant John Deere tractor tills the soil for the next crop, which is to be peanuts. The Saudi farm's crop manager is Egyptian Ibrahim Dahrouk. He says it takes two to three years to prepare the salt-rich earth for farming.
IBRAHAIM DAHROUK: And now the soil has changed, there are green area, not like before. Big difference.
NELSON: The farm provides hundreds of jobs to local residents, including women who prune grapes from vines that form a canopy overhead. They earn between six and $9 a day, a hefty wage in these parts.
DOA'A MAHFOUZ: (Foreign language spoken)
NELSON: Eighteen-year-old Doa'a Mahfouz says she's thrilled to be working, given that jobs are scarce since the Egyptian revolution last year. She wishes the Greater Toshka Project will be revived to provide more jobs for her community.
Unemployment is rampant in nearby Abu Simbel, which has suffered because of the steep decline in Egyptian tourism since the revolution. The resorts where Americans and Europeans once flocked during trips to nearby temples and Lake Nasser sit empty.
(SOUNDBITE OF CROWD CHATTER)
NELSON: On a recent evening, dozens of angry men staged a sit-in at the local electric company after the government hired out-of-towners for 60 jobs in the area.
(SOUNDBITE OF CROWD CHATTER)
NELSON: One industrial supervisor here who declined to give his name adds that residents plan to ask the government to reactivate the Toshka project. He argues that if they did, it could go a long way to eradicating poverty in many communities in upper Egypt - not that the military-led government didn't try.
(SOUNDBITE OF PRESS CONFERENCE)
PRIME MINISTER KAMAL EL-GANZOURI: (Speaking foreign language)
NELSON: Kamal el-Ganzouri, who once again became prime minster under the military-led government, talked at length at news conferences like this one about the need to boost the economy and create hundreds of thousands of jobs. Egypt also was contending with its huge dependence on foreign wheat because of an agricultural shortfall. Former water Minister Mahmoud Abu Zeid says those factors make him hope that a Toshka revival is in the offing.
ZEID: Ganzouri came back, and he's pushing the project right now very strongly and encouraging the different ministries to finish that plan, and so on.
NELSON: But critics say Egypt lacks the means to transport large quantities of wheat and other produce from Toshka to the rest of the country. Most of what Toshka produces now is exported because managers there say it's more profitable. And the Muslim Brotherhood - a movement in which the new president Mohammed Morsi was a key leader - is also dead-set against reviving the project, which it links to Mubarak's excesses.
In the southern city of Aswan, the Brotherhood's political party's secretary general is Mohamed Abdul Fattah. He says the group has its own revival plan, which emphasizes tourism and agricultural projects in other locations.
MOHAMED ABDUL FATTAH: (Through translator) I've seen independent studies that show Toshka was doomed to fail to begin with. A lot of money went into it, but few jobs came out of it. So it's not just about the corruption.
NELSON: The Brotherhood's position irritates Abu Simbel Mayor Assad Abeid el-Majeed.
ASSAD ABEID EL-MAJEED: (Foreign language spoken)
NELSON: He argues Toshka is a national project that Egyptians should take pride in. The pumping stations and other infrastructure are there now, he says, and they should be put to use. Soraya Sarhaddi Nelson, NPR News. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright National Public Radio. | <urn:uuid:91dd655e-f34f-4766-b9d8-aa9572bd557a> | 2013-05-21T17:16:58Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Helmut Grunsky's father was Heinrich Grunsky and his mother was Lydia Stahl. Helmut was brough up in Aalen where he attended high school. At this stage, although he took a great interest in mathematics, it was not the topic which he intebded to pursue at university, rather he was interested in physics and engineering. In 1922 he entered the Institute of Technology in Stuttgart where he studied physics.
After three years at the Institute of Technology in Stuttgart, in 1925 he entered the Institute of Technology in Berlin. After two years study there he was awarded the degree Diplom-Ingenieur. At this stage he began to undertake research in mathematics at the University of Berlin with a view to a doctorate in mathematics. Grunsky worked on complex analysis for his doctorate but he took a job before submitting his thesis.
In November 1930 Grunsky took a job with the journal Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik which was published by the Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften. For his doctorate he was using contour integration to study different problems concerning functions which are univalent in a domain of finite connectivity. He submitted his thesis Neue Abschätzungen zur konformen Abbildung ein- und mehrfach zusammenhängender Bereiche to the University of Berlin in 1932 and was awarded his Dr. phil.
At this stage Grunsky continued his work for the journal Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik while he worked on his habilitation thesis. In 1935 Grunsky married Irma Schenk; they had three children Wolfgang (born in 1936), Hiltrud (born in 1938), and Eberhard (born in 1941). In the same year that he married Grunsky became editor of the journal and, three years later he published Koeffizientenbedingungen für schlicht abbildende meromorphe Funktionen in Mathematische Zeitschrift. This was Grunsky's thirteenth paper which was written as an habilitation dissertation. As for his doctoral thesis, this work again looks at applications of contour integration :-
This paper presents a study of coefficients for functions in a domain of finite connectivity on the sphere containing the point at infinity.
Grunsky became qualified to lecture just before the start of World War II. The war made it impossible for him to begin an academic career at this stage and he also had to leave his position as editor of the Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik in 1939. Difficulties at the end of the war did not allow him to enter university teaching even then so in 1945 Grunsky took a position as a high school teacher in Trossingen, Württemberg. He continued to teach mathematics at the high school until 1949 when he became a Privatdozent at the University of Tübingen. It is worth noting that due to various circumstances Grunsky did not enter university teaching until he was 45 years old.
Grunsky have an invited address at the International Congress of Mathematicians held at Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1950. For the academic year 1950-51 he was Visiting Professor at Washington State College in Pullman, Washington. Returning to Germany he was appointed as Extraordinary Professor at the University of Mainz. In 1958 Grunsky moved to the University of Würzburg where he became a full Professor. In 1963-64 he spent the academic year as a visiting professor at the Middle East Technical University in Ankara, Turkey. He remained in this position at Würzburg until he retired in 1972. Following this he had some other positions, first as research consultant at Washington University, St Louis in 1973, then visiting professor at the State University of New York in Albany in 1975, finally back to Washington University, St Louis as research consultant in 1977.
Grunsky published three books and 44 papers, and he supervised eight doctoral students. All are listed in . Of the three book one was Lectures on the theory of functions in multiply connected domains published in 1978. It :-
... is most closely related to Helmut Grunsky's overall activity and consists of a reworking of some of his most significant contributions to function theory, in many cases with a considerable simplification of exposition.
The final book he wrote was The general Stokes' theorem published in 1983. Grunsky writes that the aim of the book is to give :-
... an intrinsic and easily comprehensible presentation of Stokes's theorem.
The treatise begins with an intuitive discussion of Stokes's theorem in the plane, which is then used as a model for generalising the result to higher dimensions. Grunsky first proves Stokes's theorem for suitable k-dimensional region in Rk, and then for k-dimensional regions in Rn. He then introduces the calculus of alternating multilinear forms and gives a proof of Stokes's theorem for manifolds.
Article by: J J O'Connor and E F Robertson | <urn:uuid:b58e75e4-ba65-4661-9bc0-75482a541166> | 2013-05-21T17:11:47Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Where on Earth...? MISR Mystery Image Quiz #8
Here's another chance to play geographical detective! This Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) image covers an area measuring approximately 297 kilometers x 221 kilometers, and was captured by the instrument's vertical-viewing (nadir) camera on April 12, 2001.
A large river flows from the left side of the image, below center, and traverses the image, angling northeast toward the upper right. It then makes a hairpin turn and continues to flow in a generally southward direction near the right-hand side of the image.
Below are eight statements about this river, only some of which are true. Use any reference materials you like, and mark each statement true or false:
1. Within the image area, the river flows across an international boundary into an area where over 100 species of orchids grow.
2. The river's name in a particular language means "pacifier" in English.
3. Sedimentary rocks containing mineral grains that record changes in the orientation of Earth's magnetic field have been found north of the river.
4. At least one expert kayaker has perished attempting to navigate a deep gorge of the river.
5. The two highest named peaks within the image area are situated on opposite sides of the river; each has a maximum elevation of nearly 4000 meters.
6. The description of a mythical place in a 1930's British novel is thought by some explorers to have been inspired by a location on this river.
7. Scientists believe that 100 million years ago the region through which the river flows was farther from the equator than it is today.
8. In the 1920's, an expedition along the river searched for and successfully encountered a legendary 30-meter-high waterfall.
MISR was built and is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, for NASA's Office of Earth Science, Washington, DC. The Terra satellite is managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology.
A new "Where on Earth...?" mystery will appear periodically. The image also appears on the Earth Observatory, http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
, and on the Atmospheric Sciences Data Center home pages, http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/
, though usually with a several-hour delay.
Credit: Image credit: NASA/GSFC/LaRC/JPL, MISR Team.
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ATLANTA -- A Georgia Sate University police officer was struck by a vehicle Tuesday evening.
It happened near the 100 block of Edgewood Avenue in northeast Atlanta. Some witnesses say the officer was travelling on a Segway, at the time of the accident.
According to the Atlanta Police Department, the officer is alert and conscious.
No word on how the accident happened. | <urn:uuid:f3864302-d0ce-4fd3-ae00-88c82d6e2cbf> | 2013-05-21T17:46:41Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Romanticism, Poe, and The Raven
The era of Romanticism spans from the late 1700's to the mid 1800's
following the French Revolution; therefore, "Romanticism" encompasses
characteristics of the human mind in addition to the particular time in
history when these qualities became dominant in culture. Romanticism
depicts an artistic movement which emerged from reaction against dominant
attitudes and approaches of the 18th century. Romanticism established
realism in literature through creativity, innovation, exploration, and
vivid imagery. By expanding beyond the definition of love, Romanticism,
accented by mystery, delves into the strange and fantastic aspects of human
experiences. "To escape from society, the Romantics turned their interests
to remote and faraway places; the medieval past; folklore and legends, and
nature and the common man." Edgar Allen Poe is noted as one of the few
American "Romantic" poets. Poe's poem "The Raven" portrays Romanticism as
characterized by emotion, exotica, and imagination.
A friend of Edgar Allen Poe, R. H. Horne, wrote of "The Raven", "the
poet intends to represent a very painful condition of the mind, as of an
imagination that was liable to topple over into some delirium or an abyss
of melancholy, from the continuity of one unvaried emotion." Edgar Allen
Poe, author of "The Raven," played on the reader's emotions. The man in "
The Raven" was attempting to find comfort from the remembrance of his lost
love. By turning his mind to Lenore and recalling how her frame will never
again bless the chair in which he now reposes, he is suddenly overcome with
grief, whereby the reader immediately feels sorry for the lonely man. The
reader pities the man's state of mind.
In addition to an emotional characteristic, Poe also portrays the
exotic. Exotic means "unnatural". Exotic means a raven that speaks only
one word. Exotic means a bird that refuses to leave and insists in staying
in one place. Finally, exotic means a life of torment of the speakers soul.
The man is drawn to the bird to seek an answer to the monotonous reply of "
Finally, "The Raven: is characterized by imagination. The man
imagines that a raven is a godsend, intended to relieve him of his anguish.
The man imagines that like all other blessings of his life, the bird will
leave. The man's imagination rebukes the bird. The man calls the bird a "
thing of evil". The reader imagines a lonely, frightened, old man who has
suffered a great loss.
"The Raven is a poem written during the Romantic Era. Romanticism
doesn't mean that a literary work has to be about love. Ironically, "The
Raven" is both "romantic" and from the "Romantic" period. Poe's poem is
about a man's "lost love". The man's emotions causes him to become exotic
(shouting like a maniac for the bird to take its leave) and finally to
imagine all sorts of weird things (a raven that refuses to leave and speaks
only one word; "Nevermore").
Partner sites: French Bulldog, Spanish school in Quito, and Wedding Speeches | <urn:uuid:9329e0dd-2711-4603-9eb7-ce57a854c9e6> | 2013-05-21T17:37:24Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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|Date of game: 4/4/2013
Recap: Montreal vs. Winnipeg
Montreal, QC (Sports Network) - Michael Ryder posted two goals and an assist to lead the Montreal Canadiens in a 4-1 win over the Winnipeg Jets on Thursday.
Brian Gionta gave a goal and an assist while Alex Galchenyuk scored for the Canadiens, who won for a fourth time in their past five games. Peter Budaj stopped 33 shots in the win.
The win allowed Montreal to stay a point ahead of Boston, which defeated New Jersey on Thursday, for first place in the Northeast Division and second place in the Eastern Conference, just three points back of Pittsburgh for the top spot in the conference.
"It was a rough game yesterday and we know we didn't play our best last night," said Ryder. "So we tried to bounce back and we did that. It shows the character of this team."
Winnipeg, meanwhile, has dropped a season-high five consecutive games and now finds itself tied with Washington for first place in the Southeast Division.
Alexander Burmistrov scored the lone goal of the game for the Jets, who saw goaltender Ondrej Pavelec gave up all four goals on 24 shots.
Winnipeg grabbed the initial lead in the game at the 8:16 mark of the first period as Grant Clitsome fed the puck from the right circle to the front where Burmistrov snapped it in.
"That was probably the easiest goal I've ever scored," said Burmistrov. "That was a great pass from Clitsome, but that was not what we were looking for. We were looking for a win."
Montreal, though, tied the game less than three minutes later while on the power play as Gionta threw a shot on net from the slot and Ryder slammed home the rebound.
In the second period, the Canadiens took a 2-1 lead when Ryder put the puck home during a scramble in front at the 2:03 mark for his 15th of the season.
Again on the power play, the Canadiens made it a 3-1 game as Lars Eller's shot from the right circle hit off Gionta and went past Pavelec for his 11th of the season.
Montreal put the game away at 7:43 of the third after Galchenyuk put the puck home from in front for his fourth goal of the season.Game Notes
Winnipeg returns home to face Philadelphia on Saturday ... Montreal hosts
Boston in a battle for first place in the division on Saturday ... Montreal
was 2-for-2 on the power play while Winnipeg was 0-for-3 ... Montreal has won
both games against Winnipeg this season and seven of eight, overall. | <urn:uuid:2bf1c203-594c-4f64-8e93-e23b93f490b9> | 2013-05-21T17:24:20Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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MONTREAL, QUEBEC--(Marketwire - Feb. 25, 2013) - MDN Inc. ("MDN") (News - Market indicators) is pleased to announce the signature of an agreement with Metalinvest Capital Corporation ("Metalinvest"), pursuant to which MDN is grantong an option tp Metalinvest to acquire a 55% undivided interest in its interest in the prospecting licences of the Ikungu property to Metalinvest. The Ikungu property covers 17.9 km2 and lies 17 km southwest of Musoma and 135 km northeast of Mwanza, Tanzania's second largest city.
To acquire such 55% undivided interest in MDN's interest in the Ikungu property, Metalinvest must incur $14 million in exploration expenditures over a four-year period, including at least $3 million by December 31, 2013. Metalinvest may accelerate exploration spending at its discretion. MDN will manage the exploration work.
A 2013 work program will be proposed to the management committee in March. Following the meeting, Metalinvest will have five days to deposit the funds required to cover the expenditures for the first half of 2013 in order to maintain its option.
This investment will enable MDN to set up drilling programs with two objectives, the first being to increase the contained of gold ounces by drilling the extensions and the second to delineate a resource.
The work done to date shows that the Ikungu gold mineralization occurs at the contact of two geological domains, with a series of pillow basalts with intercalated sediments to the north and a series of pillow basalts and gabbroic sills to the south. The gold mineralization is particularly associated with a grey-blue quartz vein network contained in a highly-silicified, sulphide-rich replacement zone.
This stratigraphic setting is similar to the geology of the Bulyanhulu mine in Tanzania. Among other things, the Bulyanhulu mine is characterized by its narrow structure, with an average width of 2 to 4 metres and vertical continuity to a depth of more than 2 km.
It should be recalled that a total of 53 holes have been drilled to date along the four kilometre-long Ikungu structure. These holes have identified a two kilometre-long by 300-metre deep mineralized zone. Drilling has delineated four higher-grade zones with a minimum horizontal thickness of two metres. These zones are formed around the gold intersections in the following holes: IKD-45 (8.6 g/t Au over 14.78 m) drilled on Section 2230mE, IKD-48 (3.11 g/t Au over 9.50 m) drilled on Section 2830mE, IKD-51 (3.39 g/t Au over 7.05 m) drilled on Section 3190mE and IKD-36 (13.22 g/t Au over 4.62m) drilled on Section 3610mE.
Metalinvest Capital Corporation is a private company that finances exploration and development by companies focused on gold, copper, iron, cobalt and coal in Africa. Metalinvest is currently working to develop exploration programs for its flagship exploration projects in Tanzania and Zambia. Metalinvest is also looking to grow its asset portfolio through the acquisition of strategic metals properties associated with African prospects led by a management team with strong mining industry experience.
MDN Inc. (News - Market indicators) is a mining exploration and development company with properties in Quebec and Tanzania. In Tanzania, MDN has a 30% working interest in the Tulawaka gold mine, as well as several gold exploration projects. In Quebec, MDN holds a 72.5% interest in Crevier Minerals Inc., which owns an NI 43-101 niobium-tantalum resource that is presently undergoing a feasibility study.
Marc Boisvert, President and Chief Executive Officer of MDN, is a qualified person as defined in National Instrument 43-101. He has reviewed the scientific and technical information in this news release.
Forward-Looking Statements Other than statements of historical fact, all statements in this release that address events or developments that the Company expects to occur are forward-looking statements. Although the Company believes that the expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, including, but not limited to, investment by Metalinvest of the amounts required in exploration expenditures to acquire an interest in the Ikungu property, including the $3,000,000 planned for 2013. Such statements are not guarantees of future performance, and actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause the actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements are discussed in greater detail in the Company's most recent Annual Information Form filed on SEDAR, which also provides additional general assumptions in connection with these statements. Investors and others who base themselves on the Company's forward-looking statements should carefully consider the factors mentioned in the Annual Information Form as well as the uncertainties they represent and the risk they entail. The Company believes that the expectations reflected in those forward-looking statements are reasonable, but no assurance can be given that these expectations will prove to be correct, and as such, the forward-looking statements in this press release should not be unduly relied upon. These statements speak only as of the date of this press release.
Follow us on Twitter: http://twitter.com/MDN_INC | <urn:uuid:1ac11191-6172-4ceb-b341-41b1fce2fb46> | 2013-05-21T17:31:47Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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SAN DIEGO (CBS 8) - Earlier this week News 8's Carlo Cecchetto had the pleasure of sitting down for an interview with the Chargers hierarchy: owner Dean Spanos and his new General Manager Tom Telesco and new coach Mike McCoy.
You could sense Dean Spanos' excitement over his team's bold new direction. So I asked him: What makes him think he's hired the right guys to bring a super bowl trophy to San Diego?
Spanos: First of all almost half my age so that was the best part of this. Okay, you know there's a new energy with these guys right here and I say age.. They're both the same age or close to it, anyways, but.. You know it's the beginning of a new era here in San Diego for us and I think they bring that whole vibrance that whole electricity.. Uh, that we need here right now.. it's , it's uh.. It's a new era.
Cecchetto: Why, for you..was this the choice.. Why are you excited about the Chargers and how did you end up here?
Telesco: You know.. I had a great job in Indianapolis.. I loved it there, I really wasn't looking to move, actively.. But when I came down and sat down with Dean and John and Ed.. You know, somehow.. You just feel .. It just feels right. And the more I talked with them.. They just had the same goals, same philosophies.. Very comfortable people to talk to and it just had a great feeling probably within the first 15-20 minutes..people I wanna work with.
Cecchetto: You did have a list of potential head coaches and at the very top was this man. Can you tell us why and how that worked out?
Telesco: Part of the whole process when you go on an interview.. You have to have your list of people you'd like to hire, so I knew a couple of years ago when this may be a chance.. Uh, I wanted to have a list of people, so I started scouting coaches like I was scouting players. So, I kinda had watched Mike's career from the beginning up through Denver, talked to a lot of people he had worked with, did my research, wanted to make sure I had a good list going in. Like I said.. The fit was there.
Spanos: When mike was here for his first trip.. I didn't want him to go home.
McCoy: I had to go home and talk to my wife.. Talk to the boss a little bit.
Carlo: Got permission to make the move?
Telesco: It's such a competitive business that we just felt from the back ground we'd done on Mike and the way he interviewed.. If he leaves the building we might not get him back because there were three or four teams looking for head coaches too.. y'know .. It's a competitive business.. When you see what you need.. You just go get it.
Cecchetto: Why did you make that choice so quickly and why are you with the chargers?
McCoy: Well.. I certainly believe this is a people business.. And you gotta surround yourself with great people. Not only good football coaches..but as an organization.. Very similar to what Tom said.. The first couple of minutes sitting down in the interview process.. I just felt like it was a great fit an easy flow through the conversation y'know.. Sitting down, talking about our goals where we need to head from here as an organization... What do they believe? Where are we right now? What do we need to do to improve? And sitting down and talking to Dean and Tom and everybody else that was there.. We were all on the same page from the very beginning.
McCoy: Well.. It's really a gut feeling.. You come into the interviews.. You sit down with a number of different people they have.. Ask you some tough questions.. But.. Talking to Dean.. One of the first things we talked about was family.. And how they run the business here.. What they do .. How we're going to do things in day to day operations here.. The comfort of coming into the building and that was big for me.. That was one of the big things I talked to.. with players, coaches everyone in the organization.. How important family is to me and just the way we're going to run the business day to day.
Spanos: Family values are so important it's hard to describe.. But that's the first thing Mike talked about and it struck me.. Because that's something that was so important to my father and I remember growing up, your family is the most important part of your life and then, everything else revolves around that. And I got that from both these guys.
Cecchetto: what is the first thing you need to do to improve?
McCoy: Well.. The great thing is the last two weeks we put a staff together and that was the number one thing we had to do.(out here if you can) that was our short term goal. Not only good coaches.. But good people you want to be around every day because we're gonna spend a lot of time in the office together. Now, this next week we're gonna sit down and evaluate the roster.
Cecchetto: Phillip Rivers has had a rough couple of years.. When you look at him, what's it going to take to turn him around?
McCoy: Well.. Number one.. We're gonna build a new system here.. Obviously he's been in this system for a some years since he's been here and we're starting over from scratch. As a staff, we're gonna put the best system together so that by the time we kick off the season next year.. He's gonna have some input on that. Ken Whisenhunt and the rest of the staff.. They've got a great idea of what we want to do.
Cecchetto: Tom.. You're more from the personnel side, of course. Do you see areas where you know you're going to have to target immediately?
Telesco: Well, generally.. The good thing is, if you look on defense, we have some young, core talent on defense and some guys that are flexible and can go in some different ways, so that's important. Y'know, offensively y'know, we need to add a little bit of youth. Need some explosive play makers on both sides of the ball,generally what we're looking for right now. But you know.. Part of this process is too is knowing what we have and developing what we have.. We have some players here that can play.
Cecchetto: Dean, it's only been a couple of weeks, you're just getting familiar with these guys.. Can you talk about the energy these to have brought both into the building and to the fan base.. What kind of reaction you're getting?
Spanos: Well.. It's just been overwhelmingly positive from fans, obviously.. and , uh they were obviously looking for change.. I think change is good. But, again.. The energy that they're bringing.. The youth, if you will. y'know, they are pretty young.. But mature at the same point. One of their common things that we talked about was building this team for the future and not just trying to build it to get back into the playoffs next year and start grab bagging different types of players in free agency.. All that.. We want to establish a foundation here.. A good solid foundation for the future.. Through the draft and get back in the playoffs every year.
Telesco: The job's a partnership between the GM and head coach and you're with him, you know.. Every day going over different things, always communicating but it's a partnership through and through working with each other we'll get to know each other more through the process..but I know we were brought up from good teachers. And you put people together who have learned the right way and they'll mesh. It will work.
Cecchetto: How are you guys getting along? Are you guys having a good time doing this?
Telesco: We haven't gotten into a fight yet that's a good step
McCoy: No, we haven't.. Yeah.. We're having a good time, we're going to have a good time doing it. Like we said earlier.. We're in this together.. It's a partnership.. We're going to make decisions.. We're going to have some tough decisions to make but once we make those decisions.. They're the organization's decisions.. And we're not gonna... We'll have our battles.. But that's all part of it.
Spanos: I think one of the things that's most important to me for them to know is that.. And I've told them this.. We're 100 percent committed.. I'm 100 percent committed to do whatever we can to give them the ability to go out and get the best players.. Best coaches.. Best staff.. Whatever it is and whatever it's going to take to get us to a Super Bowl.
Cecchetto: this team hasn't been to the playoffs in 3 years.. How far away is this team from a Super Bowl, possibly?
McCoy: Well, we have a plan.. And so we're going to take it one day at a time. Tom and I are gonna make decisions every day like we talked about.. How does this help us win?
Telesco: I mean, right now..we want to win the opener. That's the big goal right now and we'll take it from there.
Spanos: You've heard this said before.. You have to be lucky, good, and injury free and if you're not all three of those it's pretty tough to win. If you had something to tell fans what this team is going to be next year.. You know.. What they're going to be rooting for.. Why should they root for it.. What would that be?
McCoy: I think number one, we're going to have a tough, smart , physical football team that wants to play their best football under pressure. When the game's on the line that's when we're gonna be our best. And I think you're going to have a team that's going to play extremely hard week in week out..
Telesco: I don't know what to add to that.. That's it in a nutshell, right there. but it's going to be a passionate group of players and that's what we're gonna look for. We want players.. Everyone we hire in the organization.. Whether you're a player or a front office.. Coach.. Want people who care about winning. I'm excited, I wish we could get started right now, but we have a long process before we get there.. but it's going to be exciting.
Spanos: Don't miss any games this year.. they're all going to be great. I have a lot of confidence in these guys. | <urn:uuid:cd45a09b-9385-4ff4-bb29-3ddfc0d06865> | 2013-05-21T17:18:08Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Online Encyclopedia of Silver Marks, Hallmarks & Makers' Marks
Providence, Rhode Island
During the heyday of American silver manufacturing, approximately 1850 - 1940, Gorham was highly influential. The White House has used Gorham silver services during many administrations. Mary Todd Lincoln purchased an impressive tea and flatware service for use in the White House in 1859. The tea service was presented to the National Museum of American History in 1957. Mrs. Ulysses S. Grant asked Gorham to commemorate the country's one-hundredth anniversary in 1875 with a spectacular Century Vase that contained over 2,000 ounces of sterling silver. Among Gorham's major trophy commissions are the America's Cup for yachting, the Davis Cup for tennis and the Borg-Warner Trophy for the Indianapolis 500.
In 1865 a charter was granted by the Rhode Island legislature by the name of "Gorham Manufacturing Company".
In 1890 the company relocated to a factory on Adelaide Avenue in Providence.
In 1895 the famed Gorham designer, William C. Codman, designed Chantilly, which has become the most famous of Gorham's flatware patterns. Matching holloware has been made in both sterling and silverplate.
In 1905 the firm opened a show and sales office on Fifth Avenue in New York City, which was designed for Gorham by renowned architect Stanford White.
The company was purchased by Textron in 1967, a move that some critics claim decreased quality due to management's lack of understanding of Gorham's specialty, producing high-quality sterling silverware and holloware.
Gorham was owned by Brown-Forman Corporation from 1991 to 2005 until it was sold to Department 56 in the Lenox holdings transaction.
|Related Pages at 925-1000.com:|
| © 2000 - 2012|
all rights reserved | <urn:uuid:b86824b3-356a-42ba-ac0b-c651841cb8e5> | 2013-05-21T17:31:13Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Commenting on the Armenian Presidential election on 18 February, the Minister for Europe said it marks another step forward in democratic development.
David Lidington, Minister for Europe, said:
"The Armenian Presidential Election on 18 February marked another step forward in Armenia's democratic development. The campaign was free and open and voter turn-out on polling day was good. I expect that the final result, when confirmed, will reflect the choice of the Armenian voters.
"I welcome the International Election Observation Mission's preliminary report which concluded that the elections were characterised by a ‘respect for fundamental freedoms' but also noted deficiencies in election administration and instances of political interference. I look forward to seeing the Mission's final report and encourage the Armenian Government to respond constructively to any recommendations it might make.
"The British Government looks forward to working with the Armenian Government to promote the economic reforms which will underpin Armenia's efforts to forge a stronger relationship with the EU." | <urn:uuid:6044641d-36bf-4e85-89b8-4c036ae1f544> | 2013-05-21T17:44:21Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Science subject and location tags
Articles, documents and multimedia from ABC Science
Monday, 18 February 2013
Heavy metal music fans in a mosh pit act like atoms in a gas - a finding that could advance emergency evacuation design and planning.
Wednesday, 21 September 2011
An Australian seismologist says this week's trial of Italian scientists for failing to warn of a devastating earthquake could muzzle experts from sharing their knowledge in the future.
Friday, 27 August 2010
Australia's leading body responsible for monitoring space weather has dismissed claims that a massive solar storm could "wipe out the Earth's entire power grid".
Monday, 12 July 2010
Australian researchers develop software to let mobile phones communicate with each other where there is no reception.
Thursday, 18 February 2010
Society needs to learn from resilient ecosystems if it is to better cope with unanticipated shocks in the future, say experts.
Tuesday, 10 February 2009
An Australian fire-behaviour specialist who helped authorities track the infernos, says the golden rule of surviving a bushfire - evacuate early or fight to the bitter end - still stands, despite the weekend's high death toll.
Monday, 9 February 2009
Australians remain unprepared to deal with bushfires despite a long history of loss and devastation from natural disasters, according to some of the country's leading bushfire researchers.
Monday, 10 March 2008
We can expect an average three catastrophic, magnitude 9 or greater earthquakes around the world each century, according to a new study. | <urn:uuid:3ab4852f-3f65-46af-a429-f89b21ced198> | 2013-05-21T17:24:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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TALLAHASSEE, Fla. - A student dance team at Florida A&M University was suspended Tuesday after a parent reported that hazing had occurred at an off-campus event, the school said in a statement.
An anonymous tip from a parent Tuesday afternoon alleged that the Torque Dance Team had been involved in a "hazing incident" over Labor Day weekend, the statement said.
The all-female dance team allegedly conducted hazing involving alcohol consumption and "running up hills," university spokeswoman Sharon Saunders said.
The dance team's suspension comes less than a year after a drum major in the school's high-profile marching band died after a post-game hazing ritual.
"The university takes very seriously any allegation of hazing and has moved quickly to shut the organization down pending the outcome of an investigation," said Larry Robinson, the university's interim president, in a statement.
"We have zero tolerance for hazing. It's deplorable and will not be tolerated. It is unconscionable that a student organization would participate in any hazing activity considering what has transpired in the past year," Robinson added.
The university has launched an investigation based on the parent's report, the statement said, and campus police and administrators have been notified.
The November 2011 death of 26-year-old drum major Robert Champion, who died after being beaten during a hazing ritual on a band bus after a football game in Orlando, Florida, drew national attention.
The ritual, called "Crossing Bus C," was an initiation process in which pledges attempt to run down the center aisle while being assaulted by senior members, according to some university band members.
An autopsy found "extensive contusions of his chest, arms, shoulder and back," and "evidence of crushing of areas of subcutaneous fat," the medical examiner reported, ruling the death a homicide.
A police investigation resulted in charges against 14 people. Eleven face one count of third-degree felony hazing resulting in death. Each also is accused of two counts of first-degree misdemeanor hazing. Three people each face a single count of misdemeanor first-degree hazing.
FAMU said it took steps to eradicate the problem of hazing after Champion's death, and the the board of trustees approved an anti-hazing plan that includes an independent panel of experts to investigate hazing allegations.
Since then, the band director has retired, the university's president has stepped down and the marching band has been suspended through the 2012-2013 school year.
In July, Champion's parents filed a lawsuit against the school's board of trustees, the company that owns the bus in which the abuse occurred and the bus driver.
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Cook the shrimp according to the package directions. Divide the lettuce, tomatoes, cheese and shrimp among 4 serving plates. Stir the cayenne sauce and salad dressing with a whisk or fork in a small bowl. Pour the dressing mixture over each serving of salad. Serve immediately.
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THURSDAY, Jan. 31 (HealthDay News) -- It's hard to quibble with
the speed and convenience of connecting through texts and instant
messages, but scientists say that today's ubiquitous online social
communication may not confer the same feel-good effects as plain
Studying a group of girls, U.S. researchers found that key
emotion-linked hormones -- including cortisol and oxytocin --
responded in potentially beneficial ways when the girls talked over
a stressful event with their mothers compared to when they texted
"We're not really sure why, but maybe hearing that voice is special. Hearing someone's voice is not only able to convey tone and sincerity, but also identity," said study author Leslie Seltzer, a postdoctoral fellow in the department of psychology at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.
"A child can identify that person is definitely their parent, whereas with texting they can't. It's perhaps not particularly surprising but applicable, because everyone likes using texting or instant messaging so much . . . but people should know that it's not necessarily eliciting the same [emotional response]."
The study, recently presented at a meeting of the Society of
Personality and Social Psychology in New Orleans, was published in
Evolution and Human Behavior.
Seltzer and her colleagues compared the hormonal responses of 68
girls between the ages of nearly 8 and 12 when hearing their
mother's voice with those who communicated with their mothers via
instant message after completing a stressful math and verbal
Compared to girls who texted their mothers after the stressor,
those who either spoke to their mothers by phone or in person had
lower levels of cortisol -- the "stress" hormone -- and higher
levels of oxytocin, known as the "love hormone" because of its link
to forming positive relationships. The hormone levels of the
instant-messaging group were similar to those of a control group of
girls who weren't allowed any contact with their mothers after the
One expert praised the study.
"I think we need to see a lot more research like this," said Bert Uchino, a professor of social psychology and health psychology at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City. "The fact that they kept track of cortisol and oxytocin and the finding on both measures was stress-related makes me more confident about the findings . . . They did a true experiment that can rule out a lot of alternative explanations."
Uchino pointed out, however, that while emotion-related hormones
rose and fell in ways that indicated a stress response when the
girls texted, participants didn't actually report feeling stressed
when doing so compared to when they spoke to their mothers.
"People really don't know what's going on in their bodies," he said. "People may think this [type of communicating] is very similar, because they're not reporting any more stress. There's very little work going on like this, that's trying to compare if different modes of communication are equally effective."
A recent PEW survey confirmed that texting is becoming the
primary means of communication among teens. The 2012 study found
that 63 percent of teens exchange text messages every day, while 39
percent call people by cellphone on a daily basis. Twenty-two
percent said they use instant-messaging daily.
The American Academy of Pediatrics shares tips for parents on
talking to kids about social media. | <urn:uuid:93a8c820-1ae4-4ca2-a8c1-45cd791ea910> | 2013-05-21T17:32:05Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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created 08/26/97; revised 08/12/00, 07/22/03, 07/22/09
This chapter discusses how to multiply a vector by a real number (called scaling), and how this is used to construct unit vectors. Unit vectors are used to show direction in 3D space, and are essential for 3D graphics.
Change the elements of this column matrix: (3, 4)T so that the vector it represents is twice as long and remains pointing in the same direction. (Officially you don't know how to do this. Take a guess.) | <urn:uuid:aeba5d08-9274-465d-b1f7-a2073035ab7b> | 2013-05-21T17:10:37Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Covington, A. M.
The following data is extracted from History of Daviess County, Missouri - Liberty Township, Daviess County, Missouri, Biographies.
This gentleman was born in North Carolina, March 17, 1807. His parents moved to Tennessee when lie was but six months old, and resided there two years. From there they moved to Christian County, Kentucky, and still later, moved to Hopkins County, where our subject grew to manhood. He began farming there, and continued till 1811, when he came to Daviess County, and entered the land on which he now resides, the place being located in Liberty township, and containing 250 acres of splendid land, which he long ago improved into a good and comfortable home. At the time of his coming, there were but few families in the township, and they were widely scattered. He built him a small log cabin and began cheerfully to improve the place which was to be the future home of his family. At that primitive day, Mr. Covington had to go as far as Trenton, a distance of twenty-five miles, to get breadstuffs for his family, it sometimes taking two days for him to make the trip.
He was married, in Hopkins County, Kentucky, January 29, 1835, to Miss M. T. B. Wilson. Eleven children were born of this union, of whom seven are still living: Eliza, Emeline, John H., Elizabeth, Philip E., Margaret 0., and Mary still survive; while Narcissa A., William N., James and Georgiana are dead.
Source: History of Daviess County, Missouri - Liberty Township, Daviess County, Missouri, Biographies | <urn:uuid:c52a6b95-ff1f-404d-8278-8d59790df8e6> | 2013-05-21T17:45:25Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Another preview for "Gossip Girl" 2.06 is released, showing longer sequences of the conflicts each of the characters is facing. Blair is surprised to find Serena coming out of the office for a try out at Yale, the university she's been dreaming of attending. Serena at ease tells Blair, "Who doesn't like a surprise?".
The next episode which is titled "New Haven Can Wait", will see a catfight between Blair and Serena, the former who initiated it by throwing an object on the back of the latter's head. Meanwhile, Nate is involved in a bar brawl and shirtless Dan learns the hard way of befriending Chuck. The cynical and morally bankrupt character will be abducted by members of Skull and Bones.
The show will be delayed a week with "New Haven" airing on October 13 at 8:00 P.M. on The CW.
It has been said that Serena will have a new love interest this season in the form of Aaron Rose (John Patrick Amedori). A bunch of stills of them kissing are circulating and can be seen here. | <urn:uuid:f9048955-89a7-4b4b-8547-e9976257bf44> | 2013-05-21T17:17:36Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The upcoming season of "Nip/Tuck" will not only boast a guest performance by Gilles Marini but also the return of its obsessed transsexual, Ava Moore. Famke Janssen who portrays the character, has signed a deal to reprise the role for season 6 which also serves as the conclusion to the whole drama series.
"Just finished the last script today - the 100th episode," one of the series' creators Ryan Murphy wrote on the show's online fan forum. "The end. Very strange. But I thought I would confirm something here on the forum, since you've all been so great and loyal: Ava Moore (Famke!) returns for the final two episodes."
Ava Moore, who was originally Avery Tanner, was last seen in the end of season 2 jetting to France. However, she appeared briefly in the third season, still in France but appearing in Matt McNamara's dream sequence.
The last season of "Nip/Tuck" will be split into two, ending in the 100th episode which will air around 2011. Gilles Marini is set to play Julia's new bad boyfriend, Reynaldo Panettiere, who is involved "to scheme Sean away from his kids." | <urn:uuid:8aa7b1e1-783b-48b2-8bb0-66a289d8d2a5> | 2013-05-21T17:40:19Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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"Little by little. With every cosplay, I'm slowly discovering different pieces of myself."
Hi! I'm KURO☆. It's nice to meet you!
It took about 10 years of admiration for Cosplay and Cosplayers before I finally decided to do cosplays myself.
I'm still learning, and am always looking for ways to improve and challenge myself.
I also want to meet many other cosplayers!
よろしくおねがいします！ ("Please take care of me!") =]
deviantart | facebook page | twitter | tumblr | worldcosplay | <urn:uuid:74f9219b-41d0-4ddb-be51-a6908799e097> | 2013-05-21T17:25:53Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Last night it was my turn to put girls to bed. Jon and I usually split up bedtime duties. One of us puts Noble down and the other is in charge of getting the girls down.
The girls had played hard and were filthy so I made them take baths or showers. I helped Sabrina and Lauren wash, rinse, and condition their hair in the bath. Annie took a shower and was the first out. I combed through her hair and started drying it.
Meanwhile I was getting Lauren out of the tub and instructing Sabrina to wash her body so she could get out as well. It is tiring bathing the girls.
As I was blowing Annie's hair I wondered when my kids would ever be doing this chore by themselves. "Someday my kids will blow their own hair dry," I thought to reassure myself. "And I won't have to anymore."
I remembered how often my mother would blow my hair dry as a girl so that I wouldn't go to bed with a wet head. Sometimes, even when I was older, if I was really tired or sick she would still blow my hair dry for me. It was so comforting to have her fingers running through my hair, the warm air of the hair dryer blowing on my cold wet back.
"Someday my kids will blow their own hair dry," I thought with a tinge of sadness. "And I won't get to anymore."
The ache in my back melted away and I was glad to have my fingers in the cold wet hair of my little Ann. Someday she and her sisters will be grown and won't need or want me to do their hair anymore. So I will treasure the task till then. | <urn:uuid:f61ffcea-2cd9-46be-8775-3101d1bca7cc> | 2013-05-21T17:11:10Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Adhunter collects, uses and discloses the personal information you provide to Adhunter during the course of your dealings with Adhunter in accordance with the National Privacy Principles as set out in the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth).
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- for the provision of our business purposes;
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- to enable the provision of quotations for the supply of goods and services.
Information collected with regard to the above activities is limited to that which is necessary for the purposes of conducting trade.
Use & Disclosure
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Adhunter may also use your personal information to:
- send to you product information;
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By providing information to Adhunter after viewing this privacy statement, you acknowledge and consent to Adhunter disclosing your personal information to its agents or sub-contractors for these purposes. The agent or sub-contractor in question will be obligated to use that personal information in accordance with the terms of this privacy statement.
In addition to the disclosures reasonably necessary for the purposes identified elsewhere above, Adhunter may disclose your personal information to the extent that it is required to do so by law, in connection with any legal proceedings or prospective legal proceedings, and in order to establish, exercise or defend its legal rights.
Adhunter will take reasonable steps to make sure that the personal information it collects, uses or discloses is accurate, complete and up-to-date.
Adhunter recognises the need for information held on behalf of an individual to be accurate and therefore will allow access to the individual for the purposes of updating information held, or will update on behalf of the individual when that information is made available.
Securing your data
Adhunter will take reasonable technical and organisational precautions to prevent the loss, misuse or alteration of your personal information.
Adhunter will store all the personal information you provide on its secure servers to an extent and for a time period that Adhunter considers to be reasonable and practical.
Cross-border data transfers
You agree to such cross-border transfers of personal information.
Updating this statement
You should check this page occasionally to ensure you are familiar with any changes.
- by post to Adhunter Pty Limited, Unit 1/378 Parramatta Road, Homebush NSW 2140. | <urn:uuid:9dab6e03-5346-45be-aa49-be3fddf6f0a9> | 2013-05-21T17:31:24Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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"1. Column B figures for the Summary and Detailed Summary Page information should equal the sum of the Column B figures on your previous report and the Column A figures on this report minus the Column C figures.
Please file an amendment to your report to conect the Column B discrepancies for Lines 6(a), 6(c), 7(a), 7(b), 7(c), ll(a)(iii), 11(c), 11(d), 11(e), 13(a), 13(c), 14, 15, 16, 17, 19(a), 19(c), 22 and all subsequent
report(s) that may be affected by this conection. Note that Column B should reflect only the election cycle-to-date totals. (2 U.S.C. § 434(b))" (link)
Does H & R Block file campaign finance reports? | <urn:uuid:8e04cd58-1a15-4a26-895c-e6cdb0317a4f> | 2013-05-21T17:32:01Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Dec. 17, I had the distinct honor to serve as a presidential elector at the 53rd Electoral College of Ohio, representing the citizens of Ohio's 4th Congressional District. It was a truly humbling experience for myself, a veteran teacher who spent 38 years as a social studies instructor in Ohio's public schools. After having met President Barack Obama this summer, it was truly with great joy that I signed the official documents certifying his re-election, as your elector. Like many of you, I was proud to vote for the president who rescued the auto industry, who passed the comprehensive heath care act, who ended the war in Iraq, who got Osama bin Laden, lowered drug costs for seniors, reduced unemployment and created 3.5 million new jobs, among his many accomplishments.
I can tell you with great pride that following in the footsteps of our Founding Fathers, as a member of the Electoral College, gives one a true sense of the uniqueness of the political process they envisioned at the birth of our great nation. Again, it was my pleasure to serve as your elector for my fellow citizens of Ohio's 4th Congressional District at Ohio's 53rd Electoral College.
William "Bill" Young, | <urn:uuid:124067d2-d976-4ea0-8e68-815264bdef87> | 2013-05-21T17:38:14Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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I've been following some discussion on kde-i18n on how one can create a really intuitive interface to choose the language. For obvious reasons, this interface cannot depend on any written text. Some have mentioned a large world map where the user would click on her region and this would pick the right language. Unfortunately, this does not work very well since there are many places around where people speak several (and very different) languages in the same region.
Not easy to come up with a universal interface. | <urn:uuid:61b88cc6-b6af-4bb2-a902-d9f5ad292c7f> | 2013-05-21T17:23:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Phi Crappa Who?
By Dave Street
Desi Arnaz ??
Frank Zappa, the father of rock 'n roll's Mothers of Invention, has given birth to his own recording company, following his departure from Warner Bros. and a five-million-dollar breach of contract lawsuit against the Burbank, California-based record company.
Zappa, who became a legend in his own time during the sixties as the founding member and notorious leader of the highly sarcastic Mothers, launched his own label with the release of a four-record set that retails for 28 dollars but is expected to sell for much less by the time it reaches the stores .
Zappa describes it "as a handy compendium of everything I've been working on recently in all different fields." The reason for the four-record boxed set, which includes all categories of music, ranging from standard rock to orchestra to country western to punk, is that Frank feels that music critics can only judge him "by what's come out on the most recent albums."
"And," he explained, "since you can't really show any scope on an individual album, it's hard for me because my songs are too long. If you're doing all short songs, maybe you can get ten short songs on an album but my songs run seven, some twelve minutes."
|Just part of the band !! |
Coinciding with the release of his four-record set is a single LP, which includes shorter songs and is aimed at a more widespread audience "who can't afford the box." Still maintaining the biting sense of humor that has always been his unrelenting trademark, he thinks that at least one of the tunes on the single disc could be an AM radio hit, "just because it's completely stupid, and it's also short."
The lawsuit against Warner Bros. is for five million dollars, based on claims by Zappa that they tried to "impede" his career. But the starting of his own company also has to do with his need to grow as an original musician and producer, and his belief that he has to be in full control of the direction in which he's growing. He doesn't expect an out-of-court settlement for the suit, and figures he'll have to wait five years before any final verdict is reached. By that time, he said, "five million dollars will probably be worth about 35 cents."
He also said that his new record label might in the future include other artists whom he would produce, and although he isn't aggressively seeking new acts, he said that if he came across anew punk band "that I thought
(Continued on page 95)
1. Source unknown. Continuation is missing. Published in the beginning of 1978 or in the end of 1977. Dave Street had in January 1978 interview with Frank Zappa in Acid Rock magazine – Phi Zappa Crappa Interview
2. This 4-record set was Läther. Read Uncle Frank sounds off: Läther in Zappa's own words about other Zappa interviews concerning Läther.
3. It's Angel. Left to right: Gregg Giuffria, Frank DiMino, Punky Meadows, Felix Robinson, FZ, Barry Brandt. | <urn:uuid:6302dc78-43ae-4646-9792-d47089f1465b> | 2013-05-21T17:44:26Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Climate Change May Lead to Fewer -- But More Violent -- Thunderstorms Tuesday, July 10, 2012
Number of flash floods and forest fires could increase with temperature, says TAU researcher
Researchers are working to identify exactly how a changing climate will impact specific elements of weather, such as clouds, rainfall, and lightning. A Tel Aviv University researcher has predicted that for every one degree Celsius of warming, there will be approximately a 10 percent increase in lightning activity.
This could have negative consequences in the form of flash floods, wild fires, or damage to power lines and other infrastructure, says Prof. Colin Price, Head of the Department of Geophysics, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences at Tel Aviv University. In an ongoing project to determine the impact of climate change on the world's lightning and thunderstorm patterns, he and his colleagues have run computer climate models and studied real-life examples of climate change, such as the El Nino cycle in Indonesia and Southeast Asia, to determine how changing weather conditions impact storms.
An increase in lightning activity will have particular impact in areas that become warmer and drier as global warming progresses, including the Mediterranean and the Southern United States, according to the 2007 United Nations report on climate change. This research has been reported in the Journal of Geophysical Research and Atmospheric Research, and has been presented at the International Conference on Lightning Protection.
From the computer screen to the real world
When running their state-of-the-art computer models, Prof. Price and his fellow researchers assess climate conditions in a variety of real environments. First, the models are run with current atmospheric conditions to see how accurately they are able to depict the frequency and severity of thunderstorms and lightning in today's environment. Then, the researchers input changes to the model atmosphere, including the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (a major cause of global warming) to see how storms are impacted.
To test the lightning activity findings, Prof. Price compared their results with vastly differing real-world climates, such as dry Africa and the wet Amazon, and regions where climate change occurs naturally, such as Indonesia and Southeast Asia, where El Nino causes the air to become warmer and drier. The El Nino phenomenon is an optimal tool for measuring the impact of climate change on storms because the climate oscillates radically between years, while everything else in the environment remains constant.
"During El Nino years, which occur in the Pacific Ocean or Basin, Southeast Asia gets warmer and drier. There are fewer thunderstorms, but we found fifty percent more lightning activity," says Prof. Price. Typically, he says,we would expect drier conditions to produce less lightning. However, researchers also found that while there were fewer thunderstorms, the ones that did occur were more intense.
Fire and flood warning
An increase in lightning and intense thunderstorms can have severe implications for the environment, says Prof. Price. More frequent and intense wildfires could result in parts of the US, such as the Rockies, in which many fires are started by lightning. A drier environment could also lead fires to spread more widely and quickly, making them more devastating than ever before. These fires would also release far more smoke into the air than before.
Researchers predict fewer but more intense rainstorms in other regions, a change that could result in flash-flooding, says Prof. Price. In Italy and Spain, heavier storms are already causing increased run-off to rivers and the sea, and a lack of water being retained in groundwater and lakes. The same is true in the Middle East, where small periods of intense rain are threatening already scarce water resources.
For more environment and ecology news from Tel Aviv University, click here. | <urn:uuid:b7e1cd3d-cfd1-4c46-9cf1-aa54d40e8c89> | 2013-05-21T17:25:04Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The information that the user provides via this Web site, together with information regarding the manner in which the user uses this Web site, will not be processed or disclosed by Appraisal Institute except as permitted by these terms and conditions. By being a user of this Web site, the user agrees that the Appraisal Institute may share with other parties aggregate, individual, and locator information gathered by the Appraisal Institute in the course of the user’s continuing individual use of this Web site. "Aggregate information" is information that describes the habits, usage patterns and/or demographics of users as a group but does not describe or reveal the identity of any particular user. "Individual information" is information about a user that is presented in a form distinguishable from information relating to other users but not in a form that personally identifies any user or enables the recipient to communicate directly with any user. "Locator information" consists of a user’s name, e-mail address, physical address and/or other data about the user that enables the recipient to personally identify the user. Any user who does not wish to receive any special offers or communications from the Appraisal Institute directly or on behalf of suppliers, may so notify the Appraisal Institute at the address listed below. (Note that a user’s election not to receive such information will not affect the user’s receipt of offers and communications that were processed prior to the users’ election.) Locator information and individual information will be processed and stored by the Appraisal Institute in the United States. Users may contact the Appraisal Institute to determine whether such information has been accurately recorded and, if not, to request correction of any inaccuracies in the information recorded by the Appraisal Institute. | <urn:uuid:333ad4b8-53f5-419a-a0da-3d5f58b38c0e> | 2013-05-21T17:30:43Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Iranian-born American suing Department of Energy over dismissal from SRNS
Davoud Allen Eghbali was a veteran employee of the Savannah River Site who worked Savannah River National Laboratory.
He immigrated to the United States in 1979, became a citizen and gained a doctoral degree in nuclear engineering. In 1989, he began work at SRS and continued there until 2010, according to court documents.
In September 2009, Eghbali was indicted on charges of lying to the Federal Bureau of Investigation about wire transfers he had made.
His indictment, filed in U.S. District Court Southern District of Georgia, states that he knowingly made a false statement to a FBI Special Agent during the course of the agency’s investigation into the transfer of over $100,000 to Iran.
The indictment said Eghbali told the FBI he sent money overseas (other than to his parents) involving a transfer of money to a German bank on two or three occasions, totaling $40,000, knowing that the statement was false.
The document said that he had actually sent more than $100,000 to Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Dubai, all ultimately destined for Iran.
Eghbali was suspended from work after the indictment was true billed.
The case against Eghbali was dismissed without prejudice in 2010, meaning it could be brought again in the future. He believes the charges were fabricated as a pretext for dismissing him.
“The purpose of this coordinated indictment was to find an excuse for my dismissal from SRS because I am originally from Iran,” according to Eghbali’s complaint.
In February 2010, Eghbali was dismissed by his employer, Washington Safety Management Solution. He further claims that current management and operations contractor Savannah River Nuclear Solutions asked to interview him, but WSMS refused to allow Eghbali to access to SRS.
Eghbali is demanding punitive damages and compensation for lost wages.
The Department of Energy has not responded to the lawsuit. | <urn:uuid:5939d334-1143-4358-ba55-8b2babde1bec> | 2013-05-21T17:44:55Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Is it possible to "make my own mat"?
View Single Post
08-04-2006, 01:24 PM
Dojo: Sakura Dojo
Join Date: Aug 2006
Re: Is it possible to "make my own mat"?
I think this is the website that was mentioned before
View Public Profile
Find More Posts by zanshin-ryu | <urn:uuid:a05c9379-b0b2-4365-9c01-04a76b8cf714> | 2013-05-21T17:25:12Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Thank you for visiting AIPAC's website. We are sorry that we are unable to find the page that you were looking for.
If you continue to experience this problem, please contact us and we will try to resolve the problem as quickly as possible.
We need your Email Address
We need your Zip | <urn:uuid:c45f0509-33f1-407a-9039-cfbb76c73dc3> | 2013-05-21T17:09:42Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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With several of his inventions on display in the Smithsonian Institute, 67 patents to his name, and over 100 inventions, Ben Kleinerman, 91, radiates electrifying enthusiasm for improving the lives of others through his creative brainstorms -- from the quirky to the essential.
If there is one thing Ben Kleinerman is proud of, it's his unique role in Israel's victory in the 1967 Six-Day War.
He was the principal engineer and Program Manager of the KA-56 camera at Fairchild Camera Corp. at the time, and they had just developed a brand new technology. In the underbelly of a fighter plane, this special panoramic camera was equipped with their novel infrared-enabled Poromat film. An ingenious device, the advantage of this camera and its unique film was that fighter jets could do surveillance and reconnaissance missions, capturing images of the territory beneath them, instantly develop those pictures while still in the air, and then turn around and strike with amazing accuracy. Prior to the KA56, the reconnaissance plane had to first land and then develop the film, giving the enemy time to re-order the airfield, replacing decoys in the positions of the real metal planes.
The State of Israel sat in agonizing uncertainty, surrounded by seven countries whose military power far outweighed the skimpy Israeli Defense Forces.
The State of Israel sat in agonizing uncertainty, surrounded by seven countries whose military power far outweighed the skimpy Israeli Defense Forces. Brigadier General Mordecai Hod, Commander-in-Chief of the Israeli Air Force, commandeered Kleinerman's specialized camera, the KA56
The Egyptian air force was readying itself for battle, with some planes and hundreds of decoys made out of paper mache and wood stretched out on the tarmac. Israeli jets flew stealthily above, snapping infrared-sensitive pictures with their newly outfitted cameras, and within minutes correctly bombing with the short supply of bombs that they had.
The successful air strike crippled the Egyptian army and was a decisive factor in Israel's miraculous victory. Five days later, the war was over.
"After the war, General Hod came to the United States, to our offices, to personally thank us later on," Ben reminisces, "But I was already in Texas, working on the Mars Orbiter and Voyager, so I wasn't there to get his thanks in person."
Ben invented the forerunner of today's electric toothbrush -- only critics said it was the most ridiculous and useless thing they'd ever seen! If you remember the inconvenient days of single-use flashbulbs, you can thank Ben Kleinerman for putting you out of your photographic misery. He produced the first rechargeable flashbulb, the technology as used today.
Ben also invented a precursor for today's mega-million success story, Skype.
Ben also invented a precursor for today's mega-million success story, Skype; Telescan is a conventional telephone with a screen that allows you to watch your buddy shmooze with you. But again, the idea was shot down as rubbish by everyone except perhaps some fire and police departments and a few banks, who thought they might rustle up a small use for it.
"One day I got a letter from the Smithsonian Institute. They said they wanted me to send them some of my prototypes to display and they sent me some empty boxes to pack them into. We packed up some of my inventions, drove down, and the people at the Smithsonian were very nice and hospitable."
His works are still there. There's the TransiTape, the world's first fully portable, battery operated, all-transistor, 2-speed tape recorder. TransiTape was selected as one of the greatest inventions of the past 50 years and was exhibited at the Cooper-Hewitt Museum in NYC, sharing the spotlight with period greats such as the Washing Machine, Wonder Bread, and FDR, honored for Social Security.
The Cinesone is another classic, taking the technology of home-movie reels to new heights by giving it a voice. Before the Cinesone emerged on the scene, silent movies were the order of the day. Now, voice could accompany the moving picture, a radical and welcome upgrade. The Cinesone's debut model was Ben's oldest daughter, Kay, whose first birthday party is eternally preserved and on view at the Smithsonian Institute for visitors to marvel at -- a 400-foot, 16 mm tape reel filled with ten minutes of birthday scenery, Mankind's first ever audio-visual home presentation!
In 1964, he created an EKG machine so lightweight and portable that it was the size of a king pack of cigarettes, effectively replacing the bulky machines carried by doctors who made home visits, as was the style of the day.
The Cardio-Sensor didn't give a printable readout; instead, it was a cardiograph which allowed doctors to interpret a patient's PQRST heartbeat curve to quickly diagnose a problem. When the Cardio-Sensor device hit the market, the Cities of New York and Atlanta immediately purchased hundreds. In the shadow of the Cold War, city officials, worried about a Russian nuclear attack, wanted to be prepared for the grisly prospect of doctors arriving on the scene of catastrophe, urgently needing to differentiate between victims who were still alive and those who had already died.
WITH GENERALS CLARK AND EISENHOWER
Eastman Kodak worked with him to develop a patent that would make magnetic soundtracks unalterable, thereby preventing nefarious re-recordings. "While John F. Kennedy was in office, we took a speech of his, recorded it as magnetic sound on 16mm film. Kennedy had said, 'We will never bomb and attack Cuba.' The way the magnetic soundtrack works, it was very easy for someone to change his words to say, 'We will bomb and attack Cuba.' The apparatus detected the erased word 'never. We showed the world what could happen."
Next time you watch the Weather Channel, you'll see another Ben Kleinerman original, "The Green Screen," built by Federal Manufacturing and Engineering for CBS as a background projection system.
Ben also worked for years in the thrust and tailwind of World War II as personal field photographer of Generals Clark and Eisenhower, following them around Italy and Austria and capturing the minutiae of their lives. He rubbed shoulders with the rich and famous in his capacity as army photographer, an insider at all diplomatic events.
"I worked with Eisenhower. We went to see Hitler's Eagle's Nest in Austria."
"I was assigned to General Clark for almost four years and I was with him every day of the week. And while Clark was away, I worked with Eisenhower. We went to see Hitler's Eagle's Nest in Austria."
While courting his wife, Ben brought her to the Pentagon to see his handiwork; she was duly impressed. They were shown thousands of official photos take by Ben. In the circular room there was a selection of larger photos. Along with Joe Rosenthal's famous photo of the flag raising at Iwo Jima, there was Ben's photo of Hitler's Coffee Table at the Eagle's Nest being signed by General Eisenhower and seven other generals.
ALL IN THE FAMILY
Life hasn't been easy for Ben Kleinerman. In 1981, he was stricken with Guillain Barre disease, similar in nature to polio. While many victims die from the illness, Ben's lungs were not affected but he experienced total paralysis and could only move his eyelid. For seven months, he didn't move and he communicated with his family through his left eyelid. But he never complained.
Ben's son, Gavriel (Gil) built a piezo-electric device – a pressure-sensitive pointer that enabled Ben to signal once his left thumb began functioning -- which the hospital permitted for Ben's use. (Ben's dependence on oxygen meant no spark-producing devices allowed.)
Ben made a substantial recovery and hasn't looked back since his illness. His prolific patents, though nurtured with plenty of love and effort, pale in comparison to his true love -- his three children, Kay, Gavriel, and Janie, and his wife of 63 years, Margery, who shares his passion for inventions.
"I've always tried to get my wife involved in my inventing -- so many things are her ideas. She gives me a lot of inspiration."
Ben feels he has truly made his mark on the world and takes great pleasure in his work, especially in the inexplicable brilliance of Divine Providence that can only be detected many years later. Case in point: Ben's son Gavriel, Executive Vice President of Aish HaTorah, Jerusalem, sits in an office that overlooks the Western Wall that was liberated in 1967 with the help of his father's technology. | <urn:uuid:4130ef97-2592-443d-bc92-8b9caf9f5ee9> | 2013-05-21T17:36:56Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Ranking: 3.35 / 303
You know it is time to reassess your relationship with
your computer when....
1. You wake up at 4 O'clock in the morning to go to the bathroom and
stop to check your email on the way back to bed.
2. You turn off your computer and get an awful empty feeling, as if
you just pulled the plug on a loved one.
3. You decide to stay in college for an additional year or two, just
for the free internet access.
4. You laugh at people with 28.8 modems.
5. You start using smileys :-) in your snail mail.
6. You find yourself typing "com" after every period when using a word
7. You can't correspond with your mother because she doesn't have a
8. When your email box shows "no new messages" and you feel really
9. You don't know the gender of your three closest friends because they
have nondescript screen name and you never bothered to ask.
10. You move into a new house and you decide to "Netscape" before you
11. Your family always knows where you are.
12. In real life conversations, you don't laugh, you just say "LOL, LOL".
13. After reading this message, you immediately forward it to a friend!
Thanks to: email@example.com - dunstable - florida - United Kingdom
rec.:Aug/17/2001 pub.:Aug/29/2001 sent:Aug/7/2011
Ranking: 3.74 / 111
In response to Bill's comments, General Motors issued a press release (by Mr. Welch himself) stating:
If GM had developed technology like Microsoft, we would all be driving cars with the following characteristics:
1. For no reason at all, your car would crash twice a day.
2. Every time they repainted the lines on the road, you would have to buy a new car.
3. Occasionally, executing a manover such as a left-turn would cause your car to shut down and refuse to restart, and you would have to reinstall the engine.
4. When your car died on the freeway for no reason, you would just accept this, restart and drive on.
5. Only one person at a time could use the car, unless you bought 'Car95' or 'CarNT', and then added more seats.
6. Apple would make a car powered by the sun, reliable, five times as fast, and twice as easy to drive, but would run on only five per cent of the roads.
7. Oil, water temperature and alternator warning lights would be replaced by a single 'general car default' warning light.
8. New seats would force every-one to have the same size butt.
9. The airbag would say 'Are you sure?' before going off.
10. Occasionally, for no reason, your car would lock you out and refuse to let you in until you simultaneously lifted the door handle, turned the key, and grabbed the radio antenna.
11. GM would require all car buyers to also purchase a deluxe set of road maps from Rand-McNally (a subsidiary of GM), even though they neither need them nor want them. Trying to delete this option would immediately cause the car's performance to diminish by 50 per cent or more. Moreover, GM would become a target for investigation by the Justice Department.
12. Every time GM introduced a new model, car buyers would have to learn how to drive all over again because none of the controls would operate in the same manner as the old car.
13. You would press the 'start' button to shut off the engine.
Thanks to: Andrew K. - Houston - Texas - USA.
rec.:Dec/3/2006 pub.:Feb/5/2007 sent:Mar/3/2007
Ranking: 3.30 / 162
If Operating Systems Were Airlines
DOS Air: Passengers walk out onto the runway, grab hold of the plane,
push it until it gets in the air, hop on, then jump off when it hits
the ground. They grab the plane again, push it back into the air, hop
on, jump off...
Mac Airways: The cashiers, flight attendants, and pilots all look the
same, talk the same, and act the same. When you ask them questions
about the flight, they reply that you don't want to know, don't need
to know, and would you please return to your seat and watch the movie.
Windows Airlines: The terminal is neat and clean, the attendants
courteous, the pilots capable. The fleet of Lear jets the carrier
operates is immense. Your jet takes off without a hitch, pushes above
the clouds and, at 20,000 feet, explodes without warning.
OS/2 Skyways: The terminal is almost empty - only a few prospective
passengers mill about. The announcer says that a flight has just
departed, although no planes appear to be on the runway. Airline
personnel apologize profusely to customers in hushed voices, pointing
from time to time to the sleek, powerful jets outside. They tell each
passenger how great the flight will be on these new jets and how much
safer it will be than Windows Airlines, but they will have to wait a
little longer for the technicians to finish the flight systems. Maybe
until mid-2005. Maybe longer
Thanks to: Heidy
rec.:Aug/14/2000 pub.:Aug/14/2000 sent:Nov/25/2007
Ranking: 3.34 / 142
An exasperated caller to Dell Computer Tech Support couldn't
get her new Dell Computer to turn on. After ensuring the computer
was plugged in, the technician asked her what happened when she
pushed the power button. Her response, "I pushed and pushed on
this foot pedal and nothing happens." The "foot pedal" turned out
to be the computer's mouse.
Another customer called Compaq tech support to say her
brand-new computer wouldn't work. She said she unpacked the
unit, plugged it in and sat there for 20 minutes waiting for
something to happen. When asked what happened when she pressed
the power switch, she asked, "What power switch?"
Another IBM customer had troubles installing software and
rang for support. "I put in the first disk, and that was OK. It said
to put in the second disk, and I had some problems with the disk.
When it said to put in the third disk, I couldn't even fit it in...."
The user hadn't realized that "Insert Disk 2" meant to remove
Disk 1 first.
In a similar incident, a customer had followed the instructions
for installing software. The instructions said to remove the disk
from its cover and insert into the drive. The user had physically
removed the casing of the disk and wondered why there were
True story from a Novell NetWire Sysop:
Caller: "Hello, is this Tech Support?"
Tech: "Yes, it is. How may I help you?"
Caller: "The cup holder on my PC is broken and I am within my
warranty period. How do I go about getting that fixed?"
Tech: "I'm sorry, but did you say a cup holder?"
Caller: "Yes, it's attached to the front of my computer."
Tech: "Please excuse me. If I seem a bit stumped, it's because
I am. Did you receive this as part of a promotional at a trade
show? How did you get this cup holder? Does it have any
trademark on it?"
Caller: It came with my computer. I don't know anything about
promotional. It just has '4X' on it." At this point, the Tech Rep
had to mute the caller because he couldn't stand it. He was
laughing too hard. The caller had been using the load drawer of
the CD-ROM drive as a cup holder and snapped it off the drive.
A woman called the Canon help desk with a problem with her
printer. The tech asked her if she was running it under "Windows."
The woman responded, "No, my desk is next to the door. But that is
a good point. The man sitting in the cubicle next to me is under a
window and his printer is working fine,"
Tech Support: "O.K. Bob, let's press the control and escape
keys at the same time. That brings up a task list in the middle
of the screen. Now type the letter "P" to bring up the Program
Customer: "I don't have a 'P'."
Tech: "On your keyboard, Bob."
Customer: "What do you mean?"
Tech: "'P' on your keyboard, Bob."
Customer: "I'm not going to do that!"
Thanks to: Anonymous | <urn:uuid:8f66ce04-4814-4082-ba06-7472c0d76330> | 2013-05-21T17:29:42Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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MAN AND RELIGION
There were 166,000 cases of legal abortion during the same year, 50% of which were by unmarried women.
If these talking figures give us astounding facts about the social and moral state of the materialistic and communist civilizations, there are some other figures which draw the picture of their economic tragedy, giving more evidence of the failure of man-made systems and their being incapable of solving man's problems.
*International statistics show that, "there are in the world 400 million persons undergoing a slow death because of hunger , and that five million persons actually
( 37 )
die of hunger. Several conferences have been held within the past two months in Bucharest, Rome, London and elsewhere to discuss the food problem. Before holding each of these conferences, the observers used to assert that the results of the conference would be no better than those of the previous one. They say: "It has become a common thing to see these conferences held and concluded without finding the solution for this human drainage to which the peoples of the world are subjected, especially in Africa and Asia...”10
"...at the same time, the experts stress that the USA alone can feed all those millions of people who are being subjected to slow death...'' 11
Perhaps the best confirmation of the said statement came from the American Minister of Agriculture who announced: "If we killed half of the cats and dogs we keep, the food which we thus spare can satis1~ all the hungry stomaches in the world.'12
"In the fields of development, food and housing, all the experts unanimously agree that the available natural sources in the world can meet the needs of all the people of the world, should there be enough good intention to exploit them, and to equally distribute them among the people of the world. But the root of the problem stems from the unjust distribution of wealth. 13
This is the picture which is drawn by the figures and statistics accumulated by the substituted civilization, a civilization devoid of any faith and spirit. A civilization devised by the deviated ignorant minds after refusing to live under the shade of the message of the religion and faith, the message which tells the truth, and invites the lost and the proud to repeat the reckoning of their accounts, and review the history of their lives, and reconsider the evaluation of their attitudes, deriving a lesson from Allah's saying:
"And how many a generation We destroyed before them who were mightier in prowess than they! so they went about in the lands! Is there a place of refuge? Surely there is a reminder in this for him who has a heart or he gives ear and is a witness. | <urn:uuid:8c442500-4292-430b-8bce-16226c5e4146> | 2013-05-21T17:09:39Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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There are few foreign-policy positions more silly than the assertion without context that "deterrence works." It is like saying air power works. Well, it worked for Kosovo; it didn't work over North Vietnam.
It's like saying city-bombing works. It worked in Japan 1945 (Tokyo through Nagasaki). It didn't in the London blitz.
The idea that some military technique "works" is meaningless. It depends on the time, the circumstances, the nature of the adversaries. The longbow worked for Henry V. At El Alamein, however, Montgomery chose tanks.
Yet a significant school of American "realists" remains absolutist on deterrence and is increasingly annoyed with those troublesome Israelis who are sowing fear, rattling world markets and risking regional war by threatening a pre-emptive strike to stop Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons. Don't they understand that their fears are grossly exaggerated? After all, didn't deterrence work during 40 years of Cold War?
Indeed, a few months ago, columnist Fareed Zakaria made that case by citing me writing in defense of deterrence in the early 1980s at the time of the nuclear freeze movement. And yet now, writes Zakaria, Krauthammer (and others on the right) "has decided that deterrence is a lie."
Nonsense. What I have decided is that deterring Iran is fundamentally different from deterring the Soviet Union. You could rely on the latter but not on the former.
The reasons are obvious and threefold:
(1) The nature of the regime.
Did the Soviet Union in its 70 years ever deploy a suicide bomber? For Iran, as for other jihadists, suicide bombing is routine. Hence the trail of self-immolation from the 1983 Marine barracks attack in Beirut to the Bulgaria bombing of July 2012. Iran's clerical regime rules in the name of a fundamentalist religion for whom the hereafter offers the ultimate rewards. For Soviet communists -- thoroughly, militantly atheistic -- such thinking was an opiate-laced fairy tale.
For all its global aspirations, the Soviet Union was intensely nationalist. The Islamic Republic sees itself as an instrument of its own brand of Shiite millenarianism -- the messianic return of the "hidden Imam."
It's one thing to live in a state of mutual assured destruction with Stalin or Brezhnev, leaders of a philosophically materialist, historically grounded, deeply here-and-now regime. It's quite another to be in a situation of mutual destruction with apocalyptic clerics who believe in the imminent advent of the Mahdi, the supremacy of the afterlife and holy war as the ultimate avenue to achieving it.
The classic formulation comes from Tehran's fellow (and rival Sunni) jihadist al-Qaeda: "You love life and we love death." Try deterring that.
(2) The nature of the grievance.
The Soviet quarrel with America was ideological. Iran's quarrel with Israel is existential. The Soviets never proclaimed a desire to annihilate the American people. For Iran, the very existence of a Jewish state on Muslim land is a crime, an abomination, a cancer with which no negotiation, no coexistence, no accommodation is possible.
(3) The nature of the target.
America is a nation of 300 million; Israel, 8 million. America is a continental nation; Israel, a speck on the map, at one point eight miles wide. Israel is a "one bomb country." Its territory is so tiny, its population so concentrated that, as Iran's former President Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani has famously said, "application of an atomic bomb would not leave anything in Israel but the same thing would just produce damages in the Muslim world." A tiny nuclear arsenal would do the job.
In U.S.-Soviet deterrence, both sides knew that a nuclear war would destroy them mutually. The mullahs have thought the unthinkable to a different conclusion. They know about the Israeli arsenal. They also know, as Rafsanjani said, that in any exchange Israel would be destroyed instantly and forever, whereas the ummah -- the Muslim world of 1.8 billion people whose redemption is the ultimate purpose of the Iranian revolution -- would survive damaged but almost entirely intact.
This doesn't mean that the mullahs will necessarily risk terrible carnage to their country in order to destroy Israel irrevocably. But it does mean that the blithe assurance to the contrary -- because the Soviets never struck first -- is nonsense. The mullahs have a radically different worldview, a radically different grievance and a radically different calculation of the consequences of nuclear war.
The confident belief that they are like the Soviets is a fantasy. That's why Israel is contemplating a pre-emptive strike. Israel refuses to trust its very existence to the convenient theories of comfortable analysts living 6,000 miles from its Ground Zero.
Email Charles Krauthammer at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:f1b23786-9516-41da-aaad-ba1cf30aa444> | 2013-05-21T17:26:50Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Bikinis are thriving but Lebanon's sea turtles are no longer on the beach
The number of sea turtle nests laid on the Tyre Coast Nature Reserve dropped by half from about ten to just five this year, raising concerns among conservationists that the threatened animals may be losing the battle for survival.
Reserve director Hassan Hamza described this nesting season as “weak,” but added that the small number of nests does not necessarily indicate a severe drop in population. He explained that the turtles’ normal breeding cycle is one to two years, resulting in peak and off-peak years.
Two endangered species – the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta), and the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) – lay their eggs on Lebanon’s beaches. Last summer, a number of sea turtles died on Tyre’s shores due to pollution and problems arising from litter. A decrease in the population could lead to an imbalance in the marine ecosystem.
Nesting season usually lasts from May to October, with turtles returning to the place of their birth under the cover of darkness to dig a hole in the sand in which to lay their eggs. When the young turtles hatch, they head instinctively towards the sea, but can be fatally distracted by bright lights and noise.
Because the nests are beset by many dangers, a specialized team from the reserve continuously combs the beach to locate the nests, count them, observe them and protect them from human and animal attacks by fencing them in.
Collecting sea turtle eggs was reportedly quite profitable when soldiers from the island of Fiji served as part of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) until 2000. Some residents of Tyre’s coastal areas would collect sea turtle eggs – considered the most famous Fijian dish – and take them to their headquarters on the coast of Qlaili where the soldiers would pay exorbitant amounts of money for them.
To protect the eggs and guarantee easy movement for the turtles, the nature reserve management has struck agreements with resort owners along the coastline to protect nesting areas during breeding season.
Scientists from Italy collaborated with the reserve to organize lectures for local scientists, to raise awareness and provide guidance about the turtles’ value to the ecosystem and the need to protect them. These lectures stressed the importance of not polluting the sea and reducing light and noise in areas where turtles nest.
The reserve also spearheaded an awareness program for fishermen stressing the importance of keeping the sea clean and not throwing away oil or nylon bags that resemble turtles’ natural prey, jellyfish, and can end up choking the animals.
Sea turtles also sometimes get caught in nets and fishman are tempted to kill them to cut them out.
The nature reserve management is trying to create a permanent observatory to observe the turtle’s movement along the southern coast from Tyre to Naqoura. Their goal, they say, is to protect the sea turtles, welcome volunteers, train them and encourage tourists to visit the area.
Are the efforts of the nature reserve enough to protect Lebanon's sea turtles? Leave us your comments below! | <urn:uuid:b0767da7-f557-45a7-af0b-04169516b443> | 2013-05-21T17:48:53Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Beirut rejects US-EU demand for Syrian withdrawal as Chirac says Lebanon controlled by ”Syrian spies”
Lebanon's government has dismissed American and European Union calls for Syrian troops to leave the country immediately in the latest escalation of tension between the two sides. The move comes as U.S. President George W. Bush and European Union leaders intensified pressure on Syria to withdraw troops from Lebanon in the wake of the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri.
On his part, Lebanon's Foreign Minister Mahmoud Hammoud said the transatlantic call for an immediate Syrian withdrawal was "nothing new". He also dismissed EU demands for an international probe into Hariri's killing, insisting Lebanon's judicial authorities "were leading" the investigation into the assassination and would continue to do so.
Speaking Tuesday, French President Jacques Chirac warned the UN Security Council will slap sanctions on Syria if it failed to withdraw its 15,000 troops from Lebanon immediately, a view reiterated during Tuesday's joint U.S.-E.U.- NATO Summits in Brussels.
Chirac, a close friend to the late premier, spoke against what he called "Syrian spies" who he said were controlling Lebanon and called on Damascus to withdraw them along with its 15,000 troops present in the country. | <urn:uuid:b70c76f1-c78b-4863-bb71-b840612da7f1> | 2013-05-21T17:17:34Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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China strongly denies reports it supported some al-Qaeda camps in Pakistan
China has never had any contact with al-Qaeda network, and certainly not military relations, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman, Kong Quan said Thursday.
According to Xinhua, Kong was asked about a news story published by the Christian Science Monitor quoting an Afghan intelligence agent as saying that Osama Bin Laden's al-Qaeda was seeking air defense missiles from China, and it was possible that China was involved in supporting some al-Qaeda camps in Pakistan and making commitments to provide them with missiles.
Kong stressed that terrorism was a major threat to world peace and stability, and the Chinese government firmly opposed terrorist activities of any form. He mentioned that China itself was a victim of terrorism. According to him, there was conclusive evidence that al-Qaeda and the Taliban had, in the past, helped "East Turkistan" terrorists train personnel, and suppurted attacks in places such as China's Xinjiang and Central Asia. (Albawaba.com)
© 2002 Al Bawaba (www.albawaba.com) | <urn:uuid:158556fc-4c38-4637-88ae-4231d92de566> | 2013-05-21T17:12:01Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Department of Mathematical Sciences offers college mathematics and computer science courses which provide all students with mathematical and computational skills. In addition, advanced courses support students who want to work in one of the mathematical sciences, to enter graduate school, or to teach. Mathematics is used in all areas of modern life and a major in mathematics prepares one for many different careers even those that do not yet exist.
The Department of Mathematical Sciences offers instruction leading to the following degrees:
- Bachelor of Science in Mathematics
- Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Applied Mathematics
- Bachelor of Science in Computer Science
- Master of Science in Computer and Information Science | <urn:uuid:ec5806e8-5bf3-4f5d-a2f1-78c3bae60fff> | 2013-05-21T17:29:42Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Forgotten Man: A New History of the Great Depression
by Amity Shlaes
Challenging conventional history, Amity Shlaes offers a striking reinterpretation of the Great Depression that devastated America in the early part ... Show synopsis Challenging conventional history, Amity Shlaes offers a striking reinterpretation of the Great Depression that devastated America in the early part of the twentieth century. She shows how both Presidents Hoover and Roosevelt failed to understand the prosperity of the 1920s and heaped massive burdens on the country that more than offset the benefit of New Deal programs. From 1929 to 1940, federal intervention helped to make the Depression great by forgetting the men and women who sought to help themselves. In this illuminating work of history, Shlaes follows the struggles of those now forgotten people, from a family of butchers in Brooklyn who dealt a stunning blow to the New Deal, to Bill W., who founded Alcoholics Anonymous, and Father Divine, a black cult leader. She takes a fresh look at the great scapegoats of the period, from Andrew Mellon to Sam Insull of Chicago. Finally, she traces the mounting agony of the New Dealers themselves. Authoritative, original, and utterly engrossing, The Forgotten Man reveals how those dark years shaped both current political challenges and the strong national character that helps Americans to confront them. | <urn:uuid:54a00bdd-649a-47b5-b41c-a863fabe9991> | 2013-05-21T17:34:29Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Agatha Raisin and Kissing Christmas Goodbye
by M. C. Beaton
Yuletide over-indulgence on the poison front...During the dark, grey days of early December Agatha is obsessed by two things - the looming ... Show synopsis Yuletide over-indulgence on the poison front...During the dark, grey days of early December Agatha is obsessed by two things - the looming festivities, and her ex, James Lacey. In order to drive the latter from her thoughts, Agatha concentrates on planning the perfect Christmas for her friends. Even the murder of a Mrs Tamworthy, poisoned with hemlock, does little to distract her and yet it should, as Mrs Tamworthy had written to Agatha, telling her that one of her family wanted to see her dead before the year was out. So slightly guiltily (and belatedly), Agatha sets out to solve the case before the 25th rolls around. Praise for "The Agatha Raisin Series": 'M.C. Beaton's imperfect heroine is an absolute gem' - "Publishers Weekly". 'The detective novels of M.C. Beaton, a master of outrageous black comedy, have reached cult status' - "The Times". 'Agatha Raisin is sharp, witty, hugely intelligent, unfailingly entertaining, delightfully intolerant and oh so magnificently non PC. M.C. Beaton has created a new national treasure' - Anne Robinson. | <urn:uuid:ca2ae77b-5401-4f4f-836f-48a4d8dec850> | 2013-05-21T17:12:15Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Garana Jazz Festival, Garana, Romania, July 12-15 2012
Bugge Wesseltoft & Friendspianist/keyboardist Bugge Wesseltoft, trumpeter Erik Truffaz, saxophonist Ilhan Ersahin,beats/percussionist Joaqin Claussell and a percussion groupcame next. The ever-versatile Wesseltoft demonstrated anew his refreshing openness and stylistic diversity by inviting his friends to join him in Garana. Perfectly attuned to the acoustic environment and to the audienceas through a miraculous audience-targetingthe international band gave a fulminating show mainly sustained by the rhythmic background of the percussion group, which also included a DJ. Wesseltoft's invitation to dance was followed by the audience, as the rhythm gained presence and became the dominant component. Sophisticated interventions by the piano alternated with lyrical passages, the masculine tone of the saxophone in dialogue with Truffaz's firm serenity, grafting themselves on the pulsing background without diminishing their impact and fluency. The show closed in a dancing frenzy, charged by the wonderful Garana audience.
Carlos Bica and Azulbassist Carlos Bica, electric guitarist Frank Möbus, and drummer/percussionist Jim Blackwere the greatest surprise of the festival. Combining a Latin melodicisms with well-placed jazz elements, the Portuguese bassist's trio gave a dense, lively performance, from the ascending rhythms of "Believer" to the stimulating interaction with strong rock accents in "Horses." The compactly interwoven sonic lines and the melodic flow, backed by a humorous tone in "It's a Big, Big World" and "Tea for Two," brought in a remarkable expressiveness, doubled by a refined sense of nuance.
Marc Ribot y Los Cubanos Postizos guitarist/vocalist Marc Ribot, keyboardist Anthony Coleman, bassist/vocalist Brad Jones, percussionist/vocalist EJ Rodriguez and drummer Horacio "El Negro" Hernandezclosed the festival. The joy experienced by Ribot each time he plays with the Cuban band Los Cubanos Postizos did not fail to affect the audiencewhich, following his invitation ("don't listen to the music; dance! Just dance!"), did not resist the impulse to dance for the second time in the same evening. The gentle tone of Ribot's guitar, like a tender breeze, led a performance with a pronounced Caribbean note on rhythms of salsa and meringue, as alert passages alternated with inspired instrumental intercessions. With this performance, the Garana Jazz Festival closed on a general tone of cheerfulness, as if to highlight the overall unmatched success of this year's edition.
All Photos: Richard Wayne | <urn:uuid:6db01837-bcac-4b8c-b1f4-1500596f3b8a> | 2013-05-21T17:24:31Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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No. 178 - Tejay Van Garderen
|Team: USA Cycling National Development Team |
DOB: 8/12/1988 | Age: 18
Hometown: Bozeman, Montana
Residence: Boulder, Colorado
Height: 6'1" | Weight: 158
Career SummaryThe youngest competitor at the Amgen Tour of California, Tejay Van Garderen put up solid results in the European peloton as a junior with several podium finishes in top international events in 2005 and 2006. Now a U23, Van Garderen hopes that success continues.
Tejay was introduced to the sport by his father and became a competitive mountain biker when he was just nine years old. Later, the Bozeman, Mont. native gravitated towards road cycling and is now on the path to becoming one of the next notable Americans in road cycling.
Events07 Amgen Tour of California
- 2006 1st Tour of Condrez; 3rd overall Tour de Lorraine, France; 2nd overall Tour du Pays du Vaud, Switzerland; 5th overall Niedersachsen Rundfahrt, Germany; 2nd overall Vuelta a Granada, Spain
- 2005 1st stage 2 Junior International Driedaagse van Axel
- **Eleven-time Junior National Champion** | <urn:uuid:e7b2372e-3579-48ca-baa8-60bc03b97225> | 2013-05-21T17:17:42Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Intel Z68 Chipset & Smart Response Technology (SSD Caching) Reviewby Anand Lal Shimpi on May 11, 2011 2:34 AM EST
The problem with Sandy Bridge was simple: if you wanted to use Intel's integrated graphics, you had to buy a motherboard based on an H-series chipset. Unfortunately, Intel's H-series chipsets don't let you overclock the CPU or memory—only the integrated GPU. If you want to overclock the CPU and/or memory, you need a P-series chipset—which doesn't support Sandy Bridge's on-die GPU. Intel effectively forced overclockers to buy discrete GPUs from AMD or NVIDIA, even if they didn't need the added GPU power.
The situation got more complicated from there. Sandy Bridge's Quick Sync was one of the best features of the platform, however it was only available when you used the CPU's on-die GPU, which once again meant you needed an H-series chipset with no support for overclocking. You could either have Quick Sync or overclocking, but not both (at least initially).
Finally, Intel did very little to actually move chipsets forward with its 6-series Sandy Bridge platform. Native USB 3.0 support was out and won't be included until Ivy Bridge, we got a pair of 6Gbps SATA ports and PCIe 2.0 slots but not much else. I can't help but feel like Intel was purposefully very conservative with its chipset design. Despite all of that, the seemingly conservative chipset design was plagued by the single largest bug Intel has ever faced publicly.
As strong as the Sandy Bridge launch was, the 6-series chipset did little to help it.
Addressing the Problems: Z68
In our Sandy Bridge review I mentioned a chipset that would come out in Q2 that would solve most of Sandy Bridge's platform issues. A quick look at the calendar reveals that it's indeed the second quarter of the year, and a quick look at the photo below reveals the first motherboard to hit our labs based on Intel's new Z68 chipset:
Architecturally Intel's Z68 chipset is no different than the H67. It supports video output from any Sandy Bridge CPU and has the same number of USB, SATA and PCIe lanes. What the Z68 chipset adds however is full overclocking support for CPU, memory and integrated graphics giving you the choice to do pretty much anything you'd want.
Pricing should be similar to P67 with motherboards selling for a $5—$10 premium. Not all Z68 motherboards will come with video out, those that do may have an additional $5 premium on top of that in order to cover the licensing fees for Lucid's Virtu software that will likely be bundled with most if not all Z68 motherboards that have iGPU out. Lucid's software excluded, any price premium is a little ridiculous here given that the functionality offered by Z68 should've been there from the start. I'm hoping over time Intel will come to its senses but for now, Z68 will still be sold at a slight premium over P67.
Overclocking: It Works
Ian will have more on overclocking in his article on ASUS' first Z68 motherboard, but in short it works as expected. You can use Sandy Bridge's integrated graphics and still overclock your CPU. Of course the Sandy Bridge overclocking limits still apply—if you don't have a CPU that supports Turbo (e.g. Core i3 2100), your chip is entirely clock locked.
Ian found that overclocking behavior on Z68 was pretty similar to P67. You can obviously also overclock the on-die GPU on Z68 boards with video out.
The Quick Sync Problem
Back in February we previewed Lucid's Virtu software, which allows you to have a discrete GPU but still use Sandy Bridge's on-die GPU for Quick Sync, video decoding and basic 2D/3D acceleration.
Virtu works by intercepting the command stream directed at your GPU. Depending on the source of the commands, they are directed at either your discrete GPU (dGPU) or on-die GPU (iGPU).
There are two physical approaches to setting up Virtu. You can either connect your display to the iGPU or dGPU. If you do the former (i-mode), the iGPU handles all display duties and any rendering done on the dGPU has to be copied over to the iGPU's frame buffer before being output to your display. Note that you can run an application in a window that requires the dGPU while running another that uses the iGPU (e.g. Quick Sync).
As you can guess, there is some amount of overhead in the process, which we've measured to varying degrees. When it works well the overhead is typically limited to around 10%, however we've seen situations where a native dGPU setup is over 40% faster.
|Lucid Virtu i-mode Performance Comparison (1920 x 1200—Highest Quality Settings)|
|Metro 2033||Mafia II||World of Warcraft||Starcraft 2||DiRT 2|
|AMD Radeon HD 6970||35.2 fps||61.5 fps||81.3 fps||115.6 fps||137.7 fps|
|AMD Radeon HD 6970 (Virtu)||24.3 fps||58.7 fps||74.8 fps||116.6 fps||117.9 fps|
The dGPU doesn't completely turn off when it's not in use in this situation, however it will be in its lowest possible idle state.
The second approach (d-mode) requires that you connect your display directly to the dGPU. This is the preferred route for the absolute best 3D performance since there's no copying of frame buffers. The downside here is that you will likely have higher idle power as Sandy Bridge's on-die GPU is probably more power efficient under non-3D gaming loads than any high end discrete GPU.
With a display connected to the dGPU and with Virtu running you can still access Quick Sync. CrossFire and SLI are both supported in d-mode only.
As I mentioned before, Lucid determines where to send commands based on the source of the commands. In i-mode all commands go to the iGPU by default, and in d-mode everything goes to the dGPU. The only exceptions are if there are particular application profiles defined within the Virtu software that list exceptions. In i-mode that means a list of games/apps that should run on the dGPU, and in d-mode that is a smaller list of apps that use Quick Sync (as everything else should run on the dGPU).
Virtu works although there are still some random issues when running in i-mode. Your best bet to keep Quick Sync functionality and maintain the best overall 3D performance is to hook your display up to your dGPU and only use Sandy Bridge's GPU for transcoding. Ultimately I'd like to see Intel enable this functionality without the use of 3rd party software utilities. | <urn:uuid:ffbb79b9-9135-4a06-b1aa-c205bb6fefa6> | 2013-05-21T17:45:29Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Sentinels and Omni-Pol clash in Tir
Despite the destruction of their factories Cyborg activity around the city of Athen increase dramatically. Whilst the city guards were able to defeat these groups, it quickly became clear that something larger was at play and that the cyborgs were organised and focused. Key clan members arrange a meeting between themselves and omni-pol operatives inside the city of Tir. The sentinels learn about this, and immediately dispatch troops to the area. During the following skirmish, the Omni-Pol operatives manage to escape. | <urn:uuid:dca52467-8c34-4637-b5f5-b2d907a53239> | 2013-05-21T17:22:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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In Denmark there is an old castle named Kronborg. It lies on the coast of the Öresund, where hundreds of great ships pass through every day-English, Russian, German, and many others. And they salute the old castle with their cannons-"Boom!" And the castle returns their salute with cannons-"Boom!" For that's the way cannons say "Good day" and "Many thanks." In the wintertime no ships sail there, for then the sea is frozen over right to the Swedish coast, and it appears exactly like a regular highway. There wave the flags of Denmark and the flags of Sweden, and Danish and Swedish people meet on the ice and say "Good day" and "Many thanks," but not with cannons; no, with a firm shake of the hand, and each one comes to buy white bread and cakes from the other-for strange food always tastes best.
But the most beautiful sight of all is old Kronborg, and in a deep, dark cellar beneath it, where no one ever goes, sleeps Holger Danske. He is clad in iron and steel and rests his head on his strange arms; his long beard hangs down over the marble table and has grown through it. He sleeps and dreams, and in his dreams he sees all that happens here in Denmark. Every Christmas Eve one of God's angels comes to him and tells him that what he had dreamed is true; he may sleep again, for no real peril threatens Denmark. But should real danger come, old Holger Danske will rise in his fury, and the table itself will burst as he wrenches his beard from it, and the mighty blows he strikes for Denmark will be heard throughout the world.
An old grandfather was telling his little grandson all this about Holger Danske, and the little boy knew that what his grandfather said was true. And while the old man told his tale, he sat carving a large wooden figure, intended to represent Holger Danske and to be used as the figurehead of a ship. For the old grandfather was a wood carver. You see, a wood carver is a man who carves the figures that are to be fastened to the front of every ship, and from which the ship is named. Here he had fastened Holger Danske, standing erect and proud with his long beard; in one hand he held his broad battle sword, while the other rested on a shield with the arms of Denmark.
And the old man told many stories about the strange Danish men and women, until the little boy felt he must know as much about them as Holger Danske himself, who could only dream. And when the youngster went to bed, he thought so much about all he had heard that he pressed his chin hard against the quilt, until he fancied that he had a long beard which had grown through it.
The old man sat at his work until he had finished the last carving, the Danish coat of arms on the shield. Then, as he looked at his carving, he thought of all he had read and heard and of what he had told the little boy that night. He nodded and wiped his spectacles, put them on again, and said, "Well, I don't suppose Holger Danske will ever come in my day, but the little boy there in bed may see him and may help to defend Denmark when there is really need."
And the grandfather nodded again, and the more he looked at his figurehead, the better he knew that his work was good. It almost seemed to him that color came into it; the armor seemed to gleam like steel and iron; in the coat of arms the hearts became redder, and the lions with the golden crowns on their heads were leaping.
"It's the most beautiful coat of arms in the world!" he said proudly. "The lions mean strength, and the hearts mean gentleness and love."
He looked at the uppermost lion, and thought of the old King Canute, who had bound mighty England to the throne of Denmark; he looked at the second lion and thought of Valdemar, who had conquered the Wendish lands and united Denmark; he looked at the third lion and thought of Margaret, who had joined together Denmark, Sweden, and Norway. But when he looked at the red hearts, they seemed to shine even more than before; they became leaping flames of fire, and in his own thoughts he followed each of them.
The first flame led him into a dark, narrow dungeon cell, and there he could see the prisoner, a beautiful woman-Eleonora Ulfeld, daughter of King Christian IV. The flame became a rose that blossomed on her breast, and became one with the heart of that noblest and best of all Danish women. "Yes, that is indeed a heart in Denmark's arms!" said the old grandfather.
And his thoughts followed the second flame far out to sea, where cannons thundered and the ships were shrouded in smoke, and the flame like a ribbon of honor fastened itself to the breast of Hvitfeldt, who blew up himself and his ship to save the fleet.
The third flame led him to the miserable huts of Greenland, where the preacher, Hans Egede, labored with loving words and deeds; that flame became a star on his breast, another heart in the arms of Denmark.
And the thoughts of the old grandfather hastened on before the leaping flame, for he knew where it wanted to go. In the humble little room of the peasant woman stood Frederick VI, and wrote his name with chalk on the beam. The flame trembled on his breast and in his heart, and in the peasant's room that kingly heart became a heart in the arms of Denmark. The old grandfather wiped a tear from his eyes, for he had known and lived for King Frederick of the silvery locks and the honest blue eyes, and he sat in silence with folded hands.
Just then his daughter-in-law came and said it was late, and that he ought to rest; besides, the supper table was spread.
"But what a beautiful figure you have made, grandfather!" she cried. "Holger Danske and our old coat of arms! But wait! It is almost as if I've seen that face before!"
"No, I'm sure you haven't," said the old grandfather. "But I've seen it, and I've tried to carve it in wood just as I remembered it. It was long ago, when the English fleet lay in front of Copenhagen, on that Danish second of April, when we proved we were all good old Danes. On board the Denmark, where I fought in Steen Bile's squadron, there was a man beside me - why, the bullets themselves seemed to be afraid of him! Joyfully he sang the grand old ballads as he fought and struggled, and it seemed as if he was something more than a man like me! I can remember his face still, but where he came from, or what became of him, I don't know. Nobody knows. I have often wondered if it could have been old Holger Danske himself who had swum out from the Kronborg to help us in that terrible hour. That was in my mind, and there stands his portrait!"
The great shadow of the figurehead spread up the wall, and even over the ceiling, and it looked as if the real Holger Danske was standing there. As they watched it the shadow seemed to move, but perhaps that was just because the candle flame was flickering.
Then the daughter-in-law kissed the old man and led him to the great armchair at the head of the table, and she and her husband, who was the old grandfather's son, and father to the little boy in bed, ate their supper with him. And the old grandfather told them of the Danish lions and Danish hearts, of strength and gentleness.
Then he very plainly explained to them that there is another strength beside the strength of the sword. He pointed to his bookshelf filled with old books. There stood the comedies of Holberg, which we so often read, for they are so very amusing that in them one seems to recognize those people of bygone days. "He knew how to strike, too. For in his plays he ridiculed the foolishness and prejudice around him as much as he dared."
The old grandfather nodded towards the mirror, where hung the calendar with a picture of the Round Tower. "Tycho Brahe was another who could use the sword, not to cut at men's flesh and bones, but to carve a plainer path among the stars of heaven. And then there was Bertel Thorvaldsen, whose father was a wood carver like me. We have seen him ourselves, with his silvery locks falling to his broad shoulders. His name is known throughout the world; he was a sculptor-I am only a carver. Yes, Holger Danske can appear in many shapes, so that every country in the world knows of Denmark's strength! Less drink now to the health of Bertel Thorvaldsen!"
But the little boy in bed saw plainly the ancient Kronborg by the Öresund and the real Holger Danske who was sitting deep below, with his beard growing through the marble table, dreaming of all that happens above. Holger Danske dreamed, too, of the humble little room where the wood carver sat at supper, and in his sleep he nodded and said, "Aye, remember me, you people of Denmark! Remember me! In your hour of darkest need I shall come!"
And outside Kronborg it was bright daylight, and the wind bore the notes of the huntsman's horn from the opposite shore of the neighboring country. The ships sailed past and saluted, "Boom! Boom!" and Kronborg spoke back, "Boom! Boom!" But Holger Danske did not awaken, however loudly the cannons roared, for they were only saying "Good day" and "Many thanks." There must be a very different kind of shooting to awaken him; but he will awake, for there is still strength and courage in Holger Danske. | <urn:uuid:38a98b00-0dba-4ac0-8c5d-813ccc6328bb> | 2013-05-21T17:24:25Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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BeschreibungBridgeBasher lets you design a bridge and then destroy it. Powered by a sophisticated physics engine, BridgeBasher realistically simulates your bridge reacting to destructive forces in real-time.
Create bridges in seconds through the bridge editor. If you make a mistake, simply tap the Undo button. Zoom in and out by pinching the screen and pan the view using a two finger drag.
Newly added support for Leaderboards. Now you can compete for high scores with people all around the world. Only the brilliant will have the honor of placing their name on the coveted BridgeBasher Leaderboards.
BridgeBasher lets you destroy your bridge in a variety of ways:
- Ball Stack: Stack gigantic balls onto your bridge until it collapses so that you can quickly determine how much weight your bridge can support.
- Word Test: Sticks and stones will break my bones, but words will destroy your bridge. The word test lets you sit back and watch as a series of weighty word-trains cross over your bridge. The word-trains become increasingly heavier, so only the strongest bridges will survive.
- Joint Weights: The joint weights test gives you the opportunity to apply destructive forces with pinpoint accuracy. Hang them from your bridge's joints and see how many joint weights it takes to bring your bridge down.
While testing, you can see how the strain is distributed across your bridge. Areas that are under immense strain are colored bright red, while other areas are colored green. This allows you to find and fix problem areas in your bridge.
Show your friends how awesome your bridge is or laugh at your dumb your friends' bridges are. BridgeBasher gives you the option to easily e-mail your bridge to whomever you wish. | <urn:uuid:0165874c-3b85-4878-831e-cd80f760df58> | 2013-05-21T17:18:35Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Washington, May 18 (ANI): Kim Kardashian has sparked speculation that she is expecting a daughter with beau Kanye West, after she sent out the invitations to her baby shower featuring a dancing ballerina.
London, May 17 (ANI): Cheryl Cole has offered some encouraging words to Kim Kardashian, ahead of the birth of her first baby with boyfriend Kanye West.
Washington, May 15 (ANI): Kim Kardashian has reportedly said that West was justified when he lunged and swore at a photographer in Beverley Hills.
Kim Kardashian wants baby to be reality TV star May 5, 2:10 pm
Melbourne, May 5 (ANI): Kim Kardashian apparently wants her child to star in 'Keeping up with the Kardashians', despite beau Kanye West's disapproval.
Kim Kardashian refusing baby gifts May 1, 1:58 pm
Washington, May 1(ANI): Kim Kardashian has apparently asked her friends not to give her any baby gifts, and instead donate them to a hospital in Chicago.
Kim Kardashian 'ready for childbirth' Apr 24, 12:03 pm
Washington, April 24(ANI): Kim Kardashian has revealed that she feels more comfortable with her pregnancy now and does not feel the aches and pains of the expectant motherhood anymore.
Kim Kardashian and Kris Humphries settle divorce Apr 20, 11:07 am
Washington, Apr. 20 (ANI): A Los Angeles judge has approved a divorce settlement between Kim Kardashian and her estranged husband Kris Humphries.
Washington, April 17 (ANI): Kim Kardashian is finally feeling comfortable about her body and her pregnancy, younger sister Khloe has revealed.
Kanye West 'chooses Paris over Kim Kardashian' Apr 16, 3:54 pm
New York, Apr. 16 (ANI): Kanye West, whose girlfriend Kim Kardashian is struggling with criticism about her pregnancy fashion choice, is living it up in Paris and is reportedly considering moving there full-time.
Kim Kardashian wins legal victory against Kris Humphries Apr 16, 10:46 am
Washington, Apr. 16 (ANI): Kim Kardashian scored a major victory in her divorce case with estranged husband Kris Humphries on Monday.
Washington, April 13 (ANI): Kim Kardashian's former husband Kris Humphries' lawyers intend to force her to admit that she faked scenes in her TV show 'Keeping Up With the Kardashians,' to portray the basketball ace in bad light.
Washington, Apr. 13 (ANI): Kim Kardashian younger sister Kendall Jenner has said that she has always dreamed of becoming a Victoria's Secret model.
Kim Kardashian divorce case still remains unsettled Apr 13, 12:42 pm
Washington, Apr. 13 (ANI): Kim Kardashian left a Los Angeles courthouse on Friday without reaching a settlement in her divorce case from NBA player Kris Humphries.
Kim Kardashian wishes good luck to fellow mum-to-be Duchess Kate Apr 10, 4:29 pm
Washington, April 10 (ANI): Kim Kardashian has written a warm note to Kate Middleton, enclosing a gift for the future heir to the throne and explaining that they were both due in July.
Is Kim Kardashian hiding truth about her due date? Apr 9, 4:18 pm
London, April 9 (ANI): Kim Kardashian, who had previously revealed that her baby with boyfriend Kanye West is due in July, may not be telling the truth.
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TOP VIDEO STORIES | <urn:uuid:60b765b9-3e85-44f0-b928-8eec7e492b6a> | 2013-05-21T17:44:19Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The case of Binyam Mohamed just gets weirder
and weirder. For the last six months, the British resident and Guantánamo
prisoner, who was seized in Pakistan in April 2002, has been engaged in a transatlantic
struggle to secure evidence relating to his "extraordinary rendition"
and torture, by or on behalf of the CIA, which involved his disappearance from
July 2002 until his arrival at the U.S. prison at Bagram airbase in Afghanistan
in May 2004. Since September 2004, Mohamed has been held at Guantánamo,
and in conversation with his lawyers
he has explained that he was sent to Morocco, where he was tortured
for 18 months, and then spent another four months in the CIA's "Dark Prison"
In June, a judicial review was triggered
after the Treasury solicitors turned
down a request from Mohamed's lawyers to release documents in the British
government's possession regarding his illegal detention in Pakistan and his
subsequent disappearance. The lawyers pointed out that Mohamed was about to
be put forward for a
trial by military commission at Guantánamo (the system of "terror
trials" conceived by the Bush administration in November 2001 and derided
by Lord Steyn
as a "kangaroo court"), and stated that the information was essential
to his defense for two reasons: first, because the U.S. government had refused
to provide any information whatsoever about his whereabouts from July 2002
to May 2004; and second, because Mohamed claimed that the charges against him
– primarily in connection with an alleged plot to detonate a radioactive "dirty
bomb" in a U.S. city – had been extracted, during this period, through
the use of torture.
review took place in July, and Lord Justice Thomas and Mr. Justice Lloyd
Jones were clearly appalled by the behavior of the British intelligence services.
When they delivered a judgment
at the end of August, they criticized the intelligence services for sending
agents to interrogate Mohamed in May 2002, while he was being held illegally
in Pakistan, and also for providing and receiving intelligence about him from
July 2002 until February 2003, when they knew that he was being held incommunicado
and should not have been involved without receiving cast-iron assurances about
his welfare. In the judgment, they stated explicitly that, "by seeking
to interview BM [Mohamed] in the circumstances found and supplying information
and questions for his interviews, the relationship between the United Kingdom
government and the United States authorities went far beyond that of a bystander
or witness to the alleged wrongdoing."
The judges also seized on an admission, made on behalf of the foreign secretary,
David Miliband, that Mohamed had "established an arguable case" that,
until his transfer to Guantánamo, "he was subject to cruel, inhuman,
and degrading treatment by or on behalf of the United States," and was
also "subject to torture during such detention by or on behalf of the
United States," and ruled that, because the information obtained from
Mohamed was "sought to be used as a confession in a trial where the charges
… are very serious and may carry the death penalty," and that it is "a
long-standing principle of the common law that confessions obtained by torture
or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment cannot be used as evidence in any
trial," the British government was required to hand over the evidence
– 42 documents in total – to his lawyers.
This was a remarkable result, but celebrations on the part of Mohamed's lawyers
and human rights groups were soon muted when the government responded to the
only lifeline extended by the judges – that national security concerns might
override the necessity for disclosure – by filing a public interest immunity
certificate which stated, in so many words, that the need to preserve the "special
relationship" between the American and British intelligence services trumped
the right of a man rendered to torture by one country – and with the complicity,
to some extent at least, of the other – to have access to evidence that might
help in his defense.
While this led to a temporary stalemate in the UK, Mohamed's case then came
up before a district court judge in the United States, as part of a number
of long-delayed habeas corpus claims, based on the 800-year-old English law
preventing arbitrary imprisonment. These had first been filed after the U.S.
Supreme Court granted the prisoners statutory habeas rights in June 2004, but
had been blocked after Congress passed new laws in 2005 and 2006, and it was
not until June this year, when the Supreme
Court ruled again on the prisoners' rights and granted them constitutional
habeas corpus rights, that the cases were allowed to proceed.
As part of Mohamed's habeas review, the American government was finally required
to make the 42 documents provided by the British government available to his
lawyers, but when the day of disclosure arrived, the Justice Department released
only seven of the 42 documents – apparently so heavily redacted as to be useless
– and then dropped
the "dirty bomb" plot claim without explanation.
This was announced on Oct. 15, and six days later Mohamed's proposed trial
by military commission was also
dropped, although for different reasons. His prosecutor, Lt. Col. Darrel
Vandeveld, had resigned in September, complaining
noisily that he had gone from being a "true believer to someone
who felt truly deceived" by the trials, when he discovered that evidence
vital to the defense had been deliberately withheld. The Pentagon was clearly
terrified that he would make further disturbing revelations in Mohamed's case,
and the cases of four other men whose trials were also abandoned, although,
bizarrely, Mohamed's military lawyer, Col. Yvonne Bradley, was told that the
charges would be reinstated within 30 days.
The reverberations from these developments soon spread back across the Atlantic.
After another High Court hearing, the British judges delivered a judgment
on Oct. 23 in which, while still begrudgingly respecting the government's security
claims in Mohamed's case, they were more openly critical of the U.S. government's
behavior than they had been in August, when observers were required to read
carefully between the lines.
Noting that the court "could see no rational basis for the refusal by
the U.S. government to provide the documents" to Mohamed's lawyers, and
adding that, after being given "ample time" to provide them, no explanation
had been provided by the U.S. government for its refusal to comply with an
agreement reached between the High Court and the U.S. administration, Lord
Justice Thomas again refused to order disclosure, observing that "challenges
made to the conduct of the United States government and the legality of its
actions should, save in the most exceptional circumstances, be determined by
the judiciary of the United States," and trusting that Judge Emmet Sullivan,
the judge in Mohamed's habeas case, was better placed to make a decision at
the next habeas meeting on Oct. 30.
However, he made it clear that, if a satisfactory conclusion was not forthcoming,
the High Court would reconvene to order disclosure, and, after noting that
the court regarded as significant the submission by Dinah Rose QC, one of Mohamed's
lawyers, that the U.S. government "is deliberately seeking to avoid disclosure
of the 42 documents," he concluded, ominously, by stating, "We must
record that we have found the events set out in this judgment deeply disturbing.
This matter must be brought to a just conclusion as soon as possible, given
the delays and unexplained changes of course which have taken place on the
part of the United States government."
What was also noticeable, to those who were studying the case closely, was
that the judges were barely able to conceal their regard for the significance
of the 42 secret documents, which they had been able to scrutinize over the
summer during an extraordinarily detailed cross-examination of one of the agents
who had visited Mohamed while he was under U.S. supervision in a Pakistani
jail in May 2002.
The judges noted that it was the information contained in the 42 documents
that persuaded them that disclosure to Mohamed's lawyers was "essential"
if Mohamed was to have his case "fairly considered" by the Susan
Crawford, the "convening authority" overseeing the Guantánamo
trials. They pointed out that they had only been able to make public some of
their reasons for making this ruling – with the rest contained in a 33-page
closed judgment – but that these at least made clear the "critical point"
that the documents provided "the only support independent of BM in some
material particulars for his general account of events that led to his confessions."
Later in the judgment, Lord Justice Thomas and Mr. Justice Lloyd-Jones revealed
more about the information contained in the documents, noting that their closed
judgment set out the passages that they considered "relevant to the allegation
made by BM that his confessions had been the result of conduct that amounts
to torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment." They added that
they "came to the view that the documents were relevant to all the charges
made" – not just the "dirty bomb" plot, but other "allegations
of participating in the war in Afghanistan and associating with al-Qaeda"
– and criticized the U.S. government for only revealing seven of the documents
in heavily redacted form.
Explaining that they had "considered with the assistance of counsel in
closed session whether the decision to provide only seven can be explained
on the basis that only seven documents provide exculpatory evidence that supports
BM's account," they stated that they were "satisfied that that cannot
be so," and, moreover, that "all the documents need to be read in
sequence to see the proper context, and they added, "As the United Kingdom
government has made clear since the time the documents were found and sent
to the United States government in June 2008, all are relevant and potentially
What happened next came as a shock to everyone, but served to emphasize the
significance of the allegations that CIA agents had been involved in the torture
of Mohamed, and that the British intelligence services were at least partly
complicit. On Oct. 30, it was announced
that the British Home Secretary Jacqui Smith had officially asked the attorney
general, Baroness Scotland, to investigate possible "criminal wrongdoing"
by MI5 and the CIA in Mohamed's case. The announcement came on the same day
that, in another hearing about Mohamed's habeas review, the Justice Department
over the remaining 35 documents to his lawyers, in a tense session for
the U.S. administration in which Judge Sullivan pointedly "asked why,
after more than six years, the government had stepped away from its claims
about a dirty bomb plot," and stated, "That raises a question as
to whether or not the allegations were ever true."
Although Andrew Warden, a Justice Department lawyer, responded to a question
from Judge Sullivan as to "whether the government stood behind its assertion
of a dirty bomb plot," by stating, "The short answer is yes,"
the long answer is that it has been public knowledge since June 2002 that the
plot never even existed. Speaking in June 2002, shortly after Mohamed's alleged
co-conspirator Jose Padilla was seized at a U.S. airport, Paul Wolfowitz, the
deputy to then-Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld, admitted
that "there was not an actual plan" to set off a "dirty bomb"
in America, that Padilla had not begun trying to acquire materials, and that
intelligence officials had stated that his research had not gone beyond surfing
It took another three and a half years for the allegations to be dropped
against Padilla, who was held
as an "enemy combatant" on the U.S. mainland, in isolation so
severe that it amounted to torture, before being put tried and convicted on
lesser – and largely spurious – charges of providing material support for terrorism,
but Andrew Warden's words show that, six and a half years after Wolfowitz's
admission, the Justice Department and the Pentagon are still furiously engaged
in a blinkered denial of reality.
In spite of this, however, the crucial evidence establishing that Mohamed
was tortured into making false confessions remains hidden to the public, awaiting
either a decision by Judge Sullivan to dismiss his case, leading to his release
from Guantánamo (as requested
by the British government 15 months ago), or a decision by the Defense Department
to reinstate his trial by military commission.
Unless, that is, the British judges insist that public disclosure is in the
interests of justice. On Nov. 5, in what the Daily
Telegraph described as a move that is "believed to be legally
unprecedented," Lord Justice Thomas wrote to the Press Association inviting
"written submissions from the media" about whether or not the court
should make available a "summary of the circumstances of BM's detention
in Pakistan and the treatment accorded to him" – consisting of "seven
very short paragraphs amounting to about 25 lines" – which had been cut
from the High Court's August ruling at the government's request.
Lord Justice Thomas noted that "the issue is one of considerable importance
in the context of open justice," referred to the home secretary's decision
to ask the attorney general, Baroness Scotland, to investigate possible "criminal
wrongdoing" by MI5 and the CIA in Mohamed's case, and also drew on advice
provided by two special advocates, Thomas de la Mare and Martin Goudie, who
had represented Mohamed during the court's closed sessions, when confidential
material was being discussed. In September, the judges noted that, in the opinion
of the special advocates, the government's public interest immunity certificate
"failed to address, in the light of allegations made by BM, the abhorrence
and condemnation accorded to torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment,"
and in his request for submissions from the media, Lord Justice Thomas again
referred to the special advocates' advice, noting that:
"The special advocates contended that no claim to public interest
immunity could lie [i.e., be allowed] in respect of information which pointed
to the commission of serious criminal offenses, particularly those contrary
to the rule of jus cogens in international law [fundamental principles,
including a ban on the use of torture, from which no derogation is ever permitted].
The defendant [the British government] accepted for the purposes of that argument,
and subject to substantial caveats, that there was an arguable case of cruel,
inhuman, and degrading treatment. Further, given the fluid boundary between
cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment and torture, the defendant did not
wish to contend that on the limited information available a concluded view
could be reached that there was not torture. Accordingly, the court considered
this issue on the basis that the material arguably disclosed cruel, inhuman,
and degrading treatment and torture."
Lord Justice Thomas stated that those wishing to make submissions should notify
the court of their intention to do so by no later than Friday, Nov. 14, and
must provide submissions by Monday, Dec. 1. He explained that the parties and
the special advocates would then be given two weeks to reply to the submissions,
and that the court would then consider its judgment. | <urn:uuid:087b4c7c-6196-4fe0-b22f-cee4858ac0d7> | 2013-05-21T17:38:28Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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-0.012756... | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97614 | 3,307 | http://www.antiwar.com/worthington/?articleid=13744 | 0.880874 |
This is a relatively simple task and the requirements are minimal.
The blank glass cut to size (2mm thick is ideal)
A sheet of Wet & Dry #200 to #400 grit
The grinding grit (one or two grades) #400 & #600 Silicon Carbide
A piece of glass as the grinding tool (blank) approx 2"x2" to 3"x3" (5x5 to 7.5x7.5 cm)
(I use 1/4" - 6mm thick glass as the grinding blank as it's easy to handle.)
The first task is to remove all sharp edges from the glass used as the grinding blank.
Place a few drops of water on the wet and dry and smooth off all edges & corners.
The same may be required with the blank screen, it's simple & quick.
Place the blank screen on some newspaper or similar on a flat surface, wet the back first - it stops the glass sliding.
Put a little #400 grit on the blank screen (about 20% of what's shown above) and add a few drops of water - this is a 5"x4" Crown graphic screen..
Now place the grinding blank on top and begin randomly grinding the screen.
After a while (2-3 minutes) add some fresh grit, a few drops more water, and start again.
Make sure that all parts of the screen are being ground and after the second grinding wash the screen well, dry and inspect.
Modern glass is very flat and not prone to hot-spots, but if you used an old lass plate to start with then you have to keep grinding until it's flat.
Now you have to decide on the final required fineness, for larger screens a final grind with #400 grit is probably all you require.
However for smaller screens a couple of further grinds with #600 grit gives a much smoother finer finish.
It's possible to grind a screen with just #600 grit or finer but the process is very much slower.
It's faster to grind with a coarser grit first then finely grind after.
Finally wash carefully to remove all traces of grinding past etc and dry, then inspect.
Re-grind if necessary.
The final screen should be as good as any commercially available glass screen, and much better than many older OEM screens.
Older screens can be improved easily by re-grinding them.
The total cost to make 10 screens, 1 10x8, 1 Whole Plate, 1 Half plate, 4 5x4's (Crown/Sped Graphic etc), 2 9x12's and a Quarter plate plus 3 grinding blanks, was £10 ($14) for the glass, cut to size and then £20 ($28) for the 2 grits.
As the there's more than enough grit left over for at least 20x more screens it's easy to see just how little each screen costs in real terms.
If I cut my own glass the total costs would drop even further.
Here's a 1898 take on the subject:
From The British Journal Photographic Almanac 1898
Ground Glass. --Rev. Arthur East says that there often appear in photo-graphic papers articles on substitutes for ground glass, it being little understood, probably, what an exceedingly easy process it is to make the very thing itself; and that starch, arrow-root, and suchlike things are almost, if not, quite as much trouble to utilise (and of not one-tenth the beauty and durability) as ground glass at home.
The following plan may, therefore, be acceptable :—
Take a clean negative glass of any size, and lay it on a flat, hard surface, such as a board or stone slab and sprinkle on this a pinch of emery powder, No. 1 (flour of emery will do, and do well, but the next quality, coarser, works more ‘ quickly). Lay on this a piece of broken glass about an inch square or there-abuts, and moisten the emery with a little water (do not use much so as to let it get 'sloppy,' and work all about).
Now work round and round all over the negative glass with the moderate pressure of two or three fingers until the gritty sound begins to go, which means that your emery is getting ground too fine (this will be in about a minute or two). Put on another pinch of emery, and work as before; in about ten minutes rinse your plate under the tap, and you will find probably with your finely ground surface a few ‘islands’ looking shiny, return the plate to the board, and work these patches out, and you will find a surface ground as finely as any you can buy, and there is no difficulty whatever in getting a perfectly even surface free from any scratches or defect whatever.
Any ironmonger will supply the emery, a pennyworth by post if you live ‘beyond the region of lamp-posts,’ and even the ordinary domestic knife powder will do, but it is too fine and works too slowly, and is inclined to be gritty and make deep scores in the surface of the glass.
If an extra finely ground surface is required as for a focussing glass, it only means rather longer grinding, and perhaps a little flour of emery to finish with; but the whole process can easily be done with one quality of emery, of which the best is probably the No. 1. If the surface of negative glasses were perfectly flat, it would be possible to grind two together, but the surface is never flat, and a small piece of glass is best to grind with. Some samples of glass are harder than others, an take rather longer to finish.
Substitute #400 grit Silicon Carbide for the coarse emery and #600 grit Silicon Carbide for the "Flour of Emery" finer grade, and everything else is the same | <urn:uuid:ae04da0e-9ebe-4e23-8d07-0a4907df2e54> | 2013-05-21T17:38:06Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
[
-0.0238037109375,
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... | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93775 | 1,236 | http://www.apug.org/forums/forum216/78392-making-ground-glass-focus-screen-2.html | 0.233445 |
Sec. 2. Representatives shall be appointed among the seve-
ral States according to their respective numbers, counting
the whole number of persons in each State, excluding indians
not taxed. Bat when the right to vote at any election for
the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the
United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive
and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legis-
lature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of
such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the
United States, or in, any way abridged, except for participa-
tion in rebellion or other -crime, the basis of representation
therein shall be reduced to the proportion which the number
of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male
citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.
Sec. 3 No person shall be Senator or Representative in
Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold
any office, civil or military, under the United States, or un-
der any State, who, having previously taken an oath as a
member of CongreSs or as an officer of the United States, or
as a member of any State Legislature, or as an Executive or
Judicial officer oi any State, to support the Constitution of the
United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebel-
lion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies
thereof against the same; but Congress may, by a vote of
two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.
dec. 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States,
authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of
pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection
or rebellion, shall not ba questioned. But neither the United
States, nor any State shall assume t>r pay any debt or obliga-
tion incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the
United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of
any slave; but all such debts, cbligations and claims shall be
held illegal and ,void.
Sec. 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by ap-
propriate legislation, the provisions of this article.
And whereas the Legislature of Maryland has duly consid-
ered the amendment to the Constitution of the United States
therein proposed, therefore,
1. Resolved, By the General Assembly of Maryland, that
the Legislature of this State, doth hereby refuse its ratifica-
tion of the said proposed amendment to the Constitution of
the United States.
2. Resolved, That the Governor of this State be and he is
hereby requested to transmit to the Secretary of State of the
United States, a duly certified copy of these resolutions.
3. Resolved, That the Governor be and he is hereby re-
quested to transmit a printed copy of the foregoing Report
and Resolutions to the Executive of each of the several States
of the Union. | <urn:uuid:c15fb823-ba06-4550-bdcf-c9ef08ecd422> | 2013-05-21T17:09:37Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
[
-0.0269775390625,
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0.04370... | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939272 | 649 | http://www.archivesofmaryland.net/megafile/msa/speccol/sc2900/sc2908/000001/000133/html/am133--4182.html | 0.22511 |
M240G General Purpose Machinegun
The US military wanted to update or replace the M60 machinegun. The M60 had many good characteristics, but the Army wanted a gun that was even more reliable and easier to maintain in the field. Even though a new 5.56-mm Squad Automatic Weapon had recently been introduced, a light machinegun like the SAW wasn't always good enough. Sometimes you need more power. After extensive tests, the Army focused on the M240 series produced by Fabrique Nationale of Belgium. The M240G is the ground version of the original M240/M240C/M240E1 coaxial/pintle mounted machinegun used on the Bradley Fighting Vehicle and the Abrams tank. The M240G is modified for ground use by the installation of an infantry modification kit. The kit is comprised of a front and rear sight assembly, flash suppressor, carrying handle for the barrel, a butt stock, a longer pistol grip, and a bipod. The M240G has a left hand feed, and is gas operated. The rate of fire can be controlled by three different regulator settings.
The M240G is an important crew-served weapon in the Ranger Battalions because of its long-range automatic fire for suppression or destruction of enemy targets. If necessary, it can be fired from the shoulder, but more commonly, with a long sling, from the hip. The M240G is sometimes used in the Ranger Special Operations Vehicle. A gunner may carry the weapon in the front passenger seat, dismount, and put the gun into action. | <urn:uuid:02a3bbe8-5667-4b54-9416-2cb23c240d65> | 2013-05-21T17:38:55Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
[
-0.029030054807662964,
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0.05430327728390694,
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0.07889344543218613,
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0... | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933181 | 325 | http://www.armyranger.com/index.php/history/weapons/machine-guns/m240g | 0.384943 |
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
Stalking (from Middle English stalk: from Old English bestealcian; akin to Old English stelan to steal) is a legal term for repeated harassment or other forms of invasion of a person's privacy in a manner that causes fear to its target.
Statutes vary between jurisdiction but may include such acts as:
- repeated physical following;
- unwanted contact (by letter or other means of communication);
- observing a person's actions closely for an extended period of time; or
- contacting family members, friends, or associates of a target inappropriately;
According to the United States' National Center for Victims of Crime, one out of every 12 women and one out of every 45 men will be stalked during their lifetime.
Stalking in media and literature
- The Cable Guy: film starring Jim Carey and Matthew Broderick, a cable installer develops an extreme attachment to a customer; ends up stalking him, believing customer to be a perfect match (intimacy seeker)
- Fatal Attraction: film starring Michael Douglas and Glenn Close, man is stalked by a woman with whom he had a brief affair (rejected stalker); A scene in this film is probably the origin of bunny boiler as a synonym for stalker, even though it took over five years to become a widespread allusion.
- Les Miserables: novel by Victor Hugo, with several film adaptations and a Broadway musical; ex-convict Jean Valjean is stalked for years by an obsessed police inspector; Marius displays stalkerish tendencies towards Cosette (he is her secret admirer)
- Play Misty for Me: Clint Eastwood movie about the erotomanic stalking of a radio celebrity
- The Phantom of the Opera: book written by Gaston Leroux, Erik (the Phantom) stalks and later kidnaps the singer Christine. (Intimacy Seeker)
- Game stalker
- Poison pen letter
- Secret admirer
- Threat Management Unit | <urn:uuid:efd6056b-9b37-435f-b4f4-a5e8942178e9> | 2013-05-21T17:24:00Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
[
-0.0011428766883909702,
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0.022789301350712776,... | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368700264179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516103104-00000-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935598 | 417 | http://www.artandpopularculture.com/Stalk | 0.161509 |
The present sheet belongs to a distinctive group of landscape drawings and sketches resulting from Millet’s stay in the spa town of Vichy, in the Allier département of central France, in the summers of 1866, 1867 and 1868. Accompanying his wife to the spas of the resort town, to which she had been sent for her health, Millet made dozens of drawings of the hills and farmland around Vichy - in pencil, pen and watercolour - which were worked up into finished paintings and pastels upon his return to his studio in Barbizon. Millet’s practice was to rent a carriage and explore the surroundings of Vichy, in particular the hilly landscape above the nearby town of Cusset. He seems to have been attracted to the scenery around Vichy and the Auvergne region, which reminded him of the landscapes of his childhood in Normandy, and in particular the way in which the undulating features of the landscape would partially hide the farms and buildings beyond them. Typical of Millet’s Vichy landscapes is a subtle tonal palette and a complete focus on the elements of the view, with an absence of human figures or animals. It has also been suggested that the composition of these landscape drawings at Vichy, characterized by high horizon lines, bare foregrounds and a precise but spare use of ink lines, may have been inspired by Japanese colour woodcut prints, which Millet had been studying and collecting with enthusiasm since 1863. It was these summers in Vichy that may be said to have led Millet from being a painter of peasant subjects, albeit placed within a landscape setting, to a painter of pure landscapes.
The attribution of the present sheet has been confirmed by Alexandra Murphy, who suggests that the drawing may have been completed in Barbizon, based on earlier pen or pencil sketches made in Vichy. A drawing such as this, with evidence of colour notes, seems to have been intended as a working study rather than an independent watercolour, and indeed it has been estimated that up to a quarter of the drawings produced by Millet at Vichy were later developed into finished compositions for sale. | <urn:uuid:b681c8b1-b47e-421a-a0ef-57ed8a4978f6> | 2013-05-21T17:30:56Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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What is a poster?
A poster is a “public” piece of paper conveying information through text (words) and/or graphic images (symbols or pictures). It’s usually designed to be displayed vertically on a wall or window and is large enough to be seen and read from a relatively short distance. Its main target audience is the person walking by. A poster must convey its message with immediacy and purpose, because people on the street are often in a hurry.
Posters are sometimes huge and can be seen from a long distance and may appear along highways (on bill boards) or on the sides of buildings. Posters may also appear in much smaller versions, sometimes like a postcard, and are called handbills. Whatever the size or shape, posters have a job to do and that is to convey information.
Posters carry many kinds of information:
- they may call the population to rally, revolt or celebrate (e.g. political or propaganda posters)
- they may alert citizens to health hazards or the presence of other dangers in the community (e.g. educational posters)
- they may announce the coming of a wonderful theatre, music or dance performance (e.g. marketing posters)
All effective posters must:
- grab your attention
- entice you to read the information they display
- present the information clearly and fully, so that you understand what the poster wants to say
- convince you to rally, revolt, take part, take precautions, be on the lookout or buy a ticket.
The marketing poster is an important tool in most campaigns to sell arts events to the public. | <urn:uuid:8321965a-894f-4122-a349-11f21b6c24dd> | 2013-05-21T17:23:36Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
[
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Turner created a revolution in painting at the beginning of the 19th century, responding to a modern industrial landscape with a freer style and new approaches to composition. Yet a lasting dialogue with the 17th-century painter Claude lay at the heart of these developments.
This exhibition offers the chance to compare closely related works by Turner and Claude and discover the extent to which Turner was inspired by Claude's mastery of light and landscape.
Works on display
'Turner Inspired: In the Light of Claude' is the most in-depth examination of Turner's experience of Claude's art to date.
The exhibition includes oils, watercolours and sketchbooks and introduces visitors to the story of the Turner Bequest and its importance in the history of the National Gallery. The final room of the show exhibits archive material dedicated to this relationship.
On his death, Turner left the National Gallery two paintings – Dido building Carthage and Sun rising through Vapour. He made the gift in his will on condition that the works were hung between two pictures by Claude, which he named as 'The Seaport' (Seaport with the Embarkation of the Queen of Sheba) and 'The Mill' (Landscape with the Marriage of Isaac and Rebecca).
Turner Inspired: In the Light of Claude is a National Gallery exhibition created in collaboration with Tate Britain. | <urn:uuid:7ecc13a6-f705-4f23-9e20-f14693370c3e> | 2013-05-21T17:24:12Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
[
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Share the comfort.
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Rigley Collection with TV
The Rigley Reclining Living Room Collection is upholstered in a deep brown blended leather. Contrast baseball stitching and exceptional comfort and construction sets this group apart from the rest.
7 Piece Reclining Package with TV
Kick back and relax in the Rigley Dual Reclining Sofa. Surround yourself in comfort with the thick pillowtop arms, padded chaise footrests and supple blended leather with contrasting baseball stitching.
Dimensions:Height - " Width - " Depth - "
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Rigley Reclining Loveseat
The Rigley Reclining Console Loveseat is the ideal spot to relax while watching your favorite show. The premium materials and construction technique mean you'll enjoy this set for many years to come.
Dimensions:Height - 40" Width - 77" Depth - 40"
Rigley Glider Recliner
Whether you're watching a movie or taking a nap, the Rigley Collection Glider Recliner is a must. Due to its thick padded pillowtop arms and seating and the padded chaise footrest, this recliner offers supreme comfort.
Dimensions:Height - 40" Width - 42" Depth - 42"
Compare at $899.99 | <urn:uuid:e6346e2a-2e04-46d9-b821-fa2b8c5a4a43> | 2013-05-21T17:12:05Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Buying your own windsurf boards is a big step when converting from windsurf hobbyist to serious sport. Before you make the plunge and purchase one or more boards, there is a process you should follow.
The very first thing is to go out and take a windsurfing lesson. You will want to make sure you are spending money on something you really want to do.
After your lesson, if you still feel that windsurfing is something you want to get serious about, ask your instructor what equipment he/she uses and where it is purchased. If you have an expert at hand, you might as well go ahead and take advantage of that.
Next, determine exactly what kind of windsurfing you might be doing. If you are a beginner, it is best to begin with a flat board. As you progress, you could move on to course boards, which are designed for racing on courses. There are also speed boards, wave boards and slalom boards. But again, your instructor will be able to best guide you on which windsurf boards will best suit you.
The sail is the next piece of windsurf equipment you’ll need. You can choose between having either a hard sail or a soft sail. If you choose a hard sail, you will notice that you have access to more power and better speed. On the other hand, a soft sail is usually much easier to control. Some sails incorporate features from both of these kinds of sails.
By following these steps, you will be able to find the right kinds of windsurf boards that suit your needs. | <urn:uuid:0569a074-c266-4230-a5a5-d5ef29f68d16> | 2013-05-21T17:36:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Understanding Children Who Have Been Affected by Maltreatment and Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
Both maltreatment and prenatal alcohol exposure result in lifelong impairments that significantly affect multiple developmental processes of school-age children, including language, social communication, social cognition, and executive functioning. This program provides a framework for the creation of more effective assessment and intervention processes for this population by speech-language pathologists and audiologists.
You will be able to:
- discuss the brain structures and functions that are affected by complex trauma and prenatal alcohol exposure and the relative effects on the developmental functions of attachment, affect regulation, and information processing.
- recognize sensory modulation difficulties in children with the potential to have maltreatment and/or prenatal alcohol exposure.
- use a framework appropriate for assessing the social communication of children who have been affected by maltreatment and prenatal alcohol exposure.
- discuss connections among emotional competence, alexithymia, and communication and language impairments.
- recognize cultural issues involved in appropriately identifying the occurrence of maltreatment.
- enumerate various ways the child welfare system affects the lives of the children and families who have been affected by maltreatment and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD).
View the Table of Contents [PDF]
6/17/2012 to 5/3/2015 | <urn:uuid:7e1288f6-3a81-4583-94bd-1309af65b937> | 2013-05-21T17:38:24Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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If this image is the result of your processing of a public data pool, you can send it the pool so it's displayed there.
You need a Raw Data
subscription to perform this action.
The Raw Data Platform
is primarily a way to securely back up your raw files, and keep them neatly and effortlessly organized, but being part of it also means that you support AstroBin and can perhaps contribute your raw files to scientic discoveries. | <urn:uuid:321b404c-8846-44c9-970c-88dd74069b35> | 2013-05-21T17:30:25Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Sphinx is an ancient Egyptian statue with the body of a lion and the head of a man. Throughout the ages it has been known as a bearer of power and mystery.
Dreams concerning the sphinx are mystery/wisdom dreams. These types of dreams may occur when there is an impasse in your waking life. Note the concurrent images in your dream and consider their relation to a difficult decision that has to be made in your life. | <urn:uuid:6add9205-19b9-4797-892f-131d5570885f> | 2013-05-21T17:24:38Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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I was wondering if anyone out there would be willing to draw my character his his sidekick.
Gears was at one point a hyper intelligent inventor, born an orphan with no real family he decided at one point to build his own little sister to look after. Tess LaCoil was an outstanding success with her organic flesh covering her metal skeleton she could pass easily for a little girl of six. As Gears started trying the life of the superhero Tess was right there with him acting as the team pilot and resident pistol packing sidekick.
On a mission a group of hijackers were attempting to take control of a Navy ship Gears and his team was assigned to protecta and while he and Tess struggled to hold off a group of enemy troopers one threw a grenade into their position. Throwing Tess clear, Gears jumped on the grenade to protect the only family he ever had. Gears managed to survive the grenade with the help of the group's resident healer. However the brush with death left him with mental scars. If he were to die, who would protect Tess?
Using what he knew best Gears transfered his intelligence and memories into an android body that matched his own frail flesh so now brother and sister need never worry about losing one another. | <urn:uuid:b1cd92ce-0021-4d97-bfa7-edabe0ddfa1b> | 2013-05-21T17:32:16Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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This is a commonly asked question by those who struggle to believe that God exists. They just can’t understand that, if God exists, why doesn’t He just reveal Himself and put aside any doubt of His existence once and for all. Why all this business about requiring faith? The last time I heard this argument it was put in this context:
The non-believer’s question went something like this:
If this fictitious god of yours really exists, why doesn’t he just reveal himself? You know, show himself to me so there would be no doubt of his existence, instead of sneaking about requiring that I have some kind of blind faith in him before I can reap from his basket of mystical goodies?
My answer went something like this:
And just how would you prefer that He do that for you? Would you believe if He appeared in a burning bush and spoke to you the way He did to Moses in Exodus 3:2-4? Probably not, because I don’t suppose you believe that this really happened to Moses. So, if it happened to you, do you think you’d more readily believe in Him, or do you suppose you’d think you were just having a hallucination? Could you really believe your own eyes? After all, you would probably have to consider all the tricky things done by the film industry these days; and what about those magic tricks done by slick magicians like Criss Angle? Who knows what tricks people can play on us today?
Maybe you prefer He speak to you out of a bright light, like He did to Saul of Tarsus in Acts 9:3. No, I don’t suppose that would be good for you; after all, Saul went blind from that incident. It was only temporary, but you’d probably think God cruel for doing such a thing to you and turn away from Him even if you did believe at first. Anyway, if you didn’t go blind, could you really believe in Him after such an ordeal? Or would you reason that since you couldn’t see with that bright light shinning in your eyes, it was probably just someone else trying to fool you into believing it was God. After all, can you really believe something that fantastic without seeing it with your own eyes? No, I’m afraid Apostle Paul’s Damascus road experience wouldn’t be good enough for you.
Well, what if He just spoke to you from out of the sky the way He did to Joseph and Mary. Would you believe in Him if He did that? Or would you think you were just hearing things on the wind. Sometimes I can hear the local high school football game being heralded through the stadium’s audio system from my house more than a dozen blocks away, if the wind is blowing in the right direction. Maybe you’d think it was just something like that, or just another trick someone was trying to play on you from a hidden place behind a bush or some other object.
And even if one of these things did happen to you, how would you know it was really God instead of the Devil or some demon? Maybe it would be a ghost or an extraterrestrial being of some kind. I suppose you or someone else could figure out some way to explain it all away. Even if you did believe it was God, who would believe you when you told of your experience? How would you get others to believe what you say happened to you really did?
Of course, God could come down in the form of a man and talk to you, tell you that He is God and has come so you would know that. Would you believe Him then, even though Jesus has come and you don’t believe? How could you come to believe – remember the Criss Angle scenario? Even if He performed miracles, they could just be tricks. But what if He rose from the dead? Would you believe if He rose from the dead? You don’t believe Jesus did. It could be just another trick, couldn’t it? Jesus, Himself said that some people wouldn’t believe even if one should be raised from the dead. And He was right, wasn’t He?
God could just reveal Himself though His creation, by the wondrous works that He has made. Of course, He has already done that, but you say it all happened by natural processes. The fact is, God has already revealed Himself in all of these ways. Still, so many don’t believe.
Go ahead now and pick one of these ways for yourself, or choose one of your own, one that I didn’t think to mention. It doesn’t matter - just pick a way that you think would be a good way for God to reveal Himself to you. Then ask yourself honestly, wouldn’t it still require some measure of faith? Don’t you still have to believe that the truth is being revealed to you, and not some trick?
Don’t you see now why God says we must have faith? No matter what He does to reveal Himself to us, in the end, it always comes down to faith. We still have to believe it is Him and not a lie or a trick of some kind. In addition, we not only have to believe that He is indeed who He says He is, but we also have to believe the things that He chooses to reveal about Himself. It can be no other way. And that is the long answer.
The Short Answer:
No matter what God does to reveal Himself to us, in the end, it always comes down to faith. We still have to believe it is Him and not a lie or a trick of some kind. We still have to believe that it is not only Him, but we also have to believe the things He reveals about Himself. It always comes down to faith. It’s not because God says so; it’s simply because it’s the natural way of things. It just can be no other way. | <urn:uuid:322edfb5-9b37-4804-a5af-803045393aa2> | 2013-05-21T17:47:23Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Reflections after 50 Years of Space
A protege of Wernher von Braun, Jesco von Puttkamer has spent his long career working in human spaceflight. In this long essay, von Puttkamer gives his perspective on humanity's next steps into the universe. Here he discusses the lessons Mars has to teach us.
For the longer future, the significance of the ISS for the opening of a new era of peaceful cooperation between nations will undoubtedly be of considerably greater import that the important work underway on board today. In the wake of the process of worldwide restructuring and redefinition following the Cold War of yesteryear, ISS is acting as a catalyst for international understanding and collaboration. It helps to foster and form new partnerships among the nations of the Earth, to inspire our youth, and to stimulate and support the next generation of scientists, engineers, entrepreneurs and businessmen. It cannot fail in that because, fundamentally, it represents an answer to the age-old human drive for exploration of the unknown, the push toward new goals and frontiers. I'll return to this aspect below.
For human missions to Mars, the vision discussed here, the Space Station assumes a key position: as Residence in Space it will provide a kind of early bridgehead to the new continent outside Earth, to our next major goal, Mars.
First of all, relative to its development and operation, the ISS can be considered something like an early "demo" model for a major international Mars program in later years. Even more, as an orbital research and development facility it establishes and cements, in the longer range, the scientific and technical foundations of future human planetary missions. For the latter, it could also, with appropriate extensions, serve as a transportation node and port-of-embarkation.
As mentioned above, foremost among its research objectives are life sciences, particularly with regards to humans in space and all "human factors" associated with protection of health, well-being, and productivity of crews during extended stays in space - which do represent the toughest hurdles on the road to Mars. They are: the effects of zero-g and the development of potent countermeasures, protection against radiation, maintenance of stability and productivity of small multi-cultural groups of humans in close confinement and extended isolation, and the development of reliable closed-cycle life-support systems for multi-year missions. These missions also require new technologies such as aerobraking (to help conserve propellants by utilizing the atmospheres of Mars and Earth for flight maneuvers), storage and handling of cryogenics, (i.e., gases supercooled to liquid form), new spacesuits with greater flexibility and higher comfort for strenuous activity on the Mars surface, solar and nuclear power systems, and local-resources utilization for producing propellants and other substances necessary for life.
To shorten flight time and thus reduce the en-route exposure to microgravity and space radiation, human Mars missions will also favor nuclear propulsion systems. NASA is studying advanced nuclear propulsion concepts, and our Russian ISS partner Roskosmos is well advanced in the development of nuclear-electric propulsion.
Our exploration of the Red Planet is aimed not just at the search for life or later settlement by people but also at nearer-term objectives of quite concrete relevance for the present, motivated by fundamental questions such as why our Sun has planets in the first place, how is it possible that Earth and with it we humans exist, and is Earth's and our existence an extraordinary or normal occurrence in the cosmos? Why are we in this world, how did it come about, could it also have happened differently, and what will become of us?
Even more importantly, we are also exploring Mars in order to better understand our terrestrial environment, to improve our ability to more accurately determine what we are changing on Earth by our activities - on its surface and its atmosphere.
Mars is particularly well suited for such comparative planetology. The exploration of its topography, geology, geography, atmosphere, weather and climate conditions, developmental phases, indeed the entirety of its physical and chemical characteristics will add fundamentally to our knowledge and understanding of our own environment, thus serving considerably more than just the pure satisfaction of abstract human curiosity. Mars' formation and development still pose great riddles for science: It is the only other planet beside Earth with a surface clearly marked by complex geological processes caused by ice ages, glaciers, and flowing water in Niagara quantities. And that in a world which is so bone-dry today that all water in its presently considerably thinned-down carbon dioxide atmosphere would form a layer only two to five hundredths millimeter thick if it rained down to the ground all at once. Mars has ice fields, mysterious dark zones, bright "deserts", and various types of cloud formations which are subject to continual seasonal as well as sporadic changes.
It is a world full of wonders and mysteries, sculpted by processes the likes of which have been found nowhere else: it has the highest volcanoes and the greatest canyons in the solar system, with gigantic planetary sand storms, countless dry river beds, and vast, densely branched stream valley networks where water once rushed in torrents. It has polar caps of water ice and frozen carbon dioxide, and there is evidence of underground permafrost deposits and probably also reservoirs of water in liquid state. Methane gas was recently discovered to exude from the ground at certain locations, which could be a sign of underground biological activity.
Thus, it is not completely out of the question that even today adapted alien life forms might be found there. Mars, by all appearances, was created around the same time as Earth. But if these neighboring worlds had the same beginnings, how could it have happened that they took such distinctly different developmental paths? If scientific research discovers what actually took place when the climate on the planet changed so drastically, how long ago it occurred and why it happened, then we will clearly gain a better understanding also of the history and future of our own climates and environment.
One of the reasons for the difference is thought to be the phenomenon of plate tectonics, i.e., the shifting of the separate plates forming Earth's solid outer shell, the lithosphere: its complete absence on Mars could have been the key to the origin of its current conditions. On Earth, plate tectonics causes a vertical convection process continuously mixing the materials deep in the Earth's core, stoked by radioactive decay and the primeval heat of planetary formation; it thereby intimately connects the complex interactions of atmosphere and oceans with the biosphere. Thus, by inference, it appears possible that our plate tectonics could have brought about the Earth as we know it, including our life - all terrestrial life.
Has Mars a magnetic field like Earth? Or are we here, too, the exception among all Earth-like planets, perhaps because Earth with its iron core is the only planet in the inner Solar system sufficiently large and rotating fast enough to generate a significant magnetosphere? This question is of great importance for environmental research because our magnetic field, which shields Earth against energetic radiation from space, is possibly soon to undergo another plus/minus pole reversal as it did several times before in the past. During this process, unshielded space radiation would temporarily penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface.
How did Mars lose a large part of its atmosphere when it underwent its world-shaking climatic changes, and where has all the water gone? Is it underground? How significant is the fact that despite its carbon dioxide atmosphere, Mars shows no greenhouse effect like Earth? In other words, what are the consequences of that phenomenon for our own environment?
In order to reach such understandings, up to now mere theories which only now are being given substance by the counterexample of other worlds, we need the exploration of those planets -- and in the first place of our red neighbor.
Next: When are humans likely to set foot on Mars? | <urn:uuid:9ddb3fa2-67e7-4979-b3a3-e9f38ab84581> | 2013-05-21T17:37:35Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Cell Cycle Pathway
The cell cycle pathway is a unidirectional process that governs cell division. This process, which cannot be reversed once started, is critical for cell survival. The cell cycle typically involves four phases: S phase, in which DNA is replicated, M phase, in which chromosomes are separated and two distinct cells are formed, and G1 and G2 phases during which the cell is preparing for cell division. The majority of the cell cycle pathway is regulated by two classes of proteins: cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins. Cyclins and CDKs form complexes that enable CDKs to phosphorylate and activate specific cell cycle intermediates. In the initial stages of the cell-cycle signal, cyclin D will bind to CDK4 and this complex will phosphorylate the retinoblastoma (Rb) gene. During a quiescent state, Rb is bound to DNA and blocks the transcription of specific genes. After phosphorylation, Rb becomes unbound and genes necessary for the cell cycle are now accessible.
The cell cycle pathway is a highly-regulated process that incorporates three major checkpoints. The first checkpoint is the G1 checkpoint, which determines whether or not a cell will enter into the cell division process. The second checkpoint, G2, will determine if the cell will enter into mitosis. Both the G1 and G2 checkpoints can be affected by the presence or absence of various growth factors, DNA damage, or replicative senescence. The final checkpoint, metaphase, ensures proper chromosome alignment prior to cell division. The cell cycle pathway is intrinsically linked to cell survival and cell death. For instance, failure of a cell to meet the requirements of the individual cell cycle checkpoints will result in the cell undergoing apoptosis.
In cancer, the cell cycle checkpoints are often dysfunctional. Checkpoint proteins, such as Rb or p53, are often mutated or inactivated and this can result in cell division despite incomplete DNA synthesis and segregation errors. Inappropriate continuation of the cell cycle can lead to genomic instability, which is a common feature of malignant cells.
1. Nigg. 1995. Cyclin-dependent protein kinases: key regulators of the eukaryotic cell cycle. Bioessays. 17(6):471-80. | <urn:uuid:8fd58527-f158-4d99-8282-dbf6f577c504> | 2013-05-21T17:31:35Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Every attempt will be made to make use of the electronic resources available through the Avoyelles Parish Library a productive and pleasant experience. The following information is provided to guide use of these resources, including the Internet.
It is the mission of the library to provide information for the informational, educational, and recreational needs of the public. The aim of the library is to be of service in fulfilling the educational, cultural, and recreational needs of all people regardless of age, sex, education or economic level, ethnic origin, or physical condition. Any public library is a leading force in its community, bringing better conditions to the area it serves by enriching it culturally, providing the means for continual education of its citizens, answering the information needs of the people, providing a basis for economic growth of the community and its people, and furnishing a recreational outlet for all ages. Electronic resources and the Internet provide ways of increasing the resources that the library can offer. The Avoyelles Parish Library supports the ALA Library Bill of Rights and the Librarian's Code of Ethics.
FREEDOM OF ACCESS
The Avoyelles Parish Librarys policy concerning access to all materials, print and non-print, is based on the ALAs Bill of Rights and the corresponding interpretation of the Bill of Rights concerning Access to Electronic Information, Services, and Networks. Furthermore, it is the right of the parent or guardian to guide decisions about what a child or teen can read or view.
The workstations may be used for information or for recreation by adults or children. The library reserves the right to limit access to the workstations to that which is considered acceptable use, within the scope of its mission. The guidelines for acceptable use are listed below. Use of the workstations is considered agreement with the policies of the Avoyelles Parish.
The library will also make every effort to provide maximum access to the workstations, but reserves the right to limit use during times of heavy demand. During the school year, one or two workstations may be reserved for school research use and staff-assisted use when necessary. Research needs will take priority over casual browsing, in keeping with the librarys mission.
CHARGES AND OTHER CONCERNS
Use of the workstations is free. There will be a small fee for printing to offset the cost of consumable supplies used. Diskettes for downloading may be purchased from the library at cost. Any purchases made online are the responsibility of the user.
Due to the nature of the Internet, only that information provided through the librarys paid databases can be authenticated by the library.
The library can not make guarantees for availability of the Internet or for uninterrupted access due to matters beyond the librarys control.
Downloading from the Internet carries the risk of downloading a virus which may be transmitted to the users home PC. Information transmitted over the Internet is not secure and may be seen by others. Users are advised to be aware of these cautions and proceed accordingly. The library is not responsible for any damages to the patrons hardware, software, or data due to library use.
Children who can use a workstation without discernible risk of damage to the equipment may use it for any purpose which falls into the acceptable use categories. Recommended age is 7 and above. The library may restrict use if the possibility for damage is observed, e.g. banging the keyboard.
Library staff is available for assistance with electronic research whenever possible and for guidance in use of the available software and the Internet. The library offers online databases and will assist in their use also.
Use of the workstations is based on the librarys mission to provide educational, informational, and recreational materials in keeping with the common standards of citizens of Avoyelles Parish. Materials which are pornographic, sexually explicit, racist, sexist, homophobic, or religiously intolerant may not be viewed, created, transmitted, downloaded, printed, or distributed using the public access workstations owned by the Avoyelles Parish Library, as those are not in keeping with the mission of the library.
Cost for any damages are fully the responsibility of the user. Parents or guardians of a dependent child are responsible for any damages by that child.
Information downloaded or otherwise the property of the patron may not be copied onto any of the workstations hard drive. Diskettes for downloading may be purchased from the library at cost.
Any purchases made online are the responsibility of the user
Use of the computers is limited to those areas which are designated for patron use only. A patron who tampers with the computers may be banned from using them.
The librarys workstations are not to be used for chat rooms, discussion groups, or any other form of electronic discussion, including game playing. Creation of web pages is not allowed.
All state, federal, and local laws apply, including laws pertaining to copyright, license, pornography, harassment, etc.
The workstations may not be used for commercial purposes or any illegal activity.
Patrons are cautioned that waste of the librarys consumable resources including excessive printing, especially of heavily graphic pages, or printing without paying, may result in suspension or banning of access to the workstations.
Use of the workstations will be on a first come, first served basis, subject to a time limitation when necessary.
Adopted by the Avoyelles Parish Library Board on July 15, 1998
Policies may be amended as needed with board approval.
Return to the Avoyelles Parish Library's Home Page. | <urn:uuid:5b8932c1-0163-4271-ae24-5ad9b309056f> | 2013-05-21T17:30:20Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Federal and state government agencies are required to follow certain procedures in order for their actions to be constitutional. For the federal government, these procedures are generally outlined by the Federal Administrative Procedure Act (FAPA). Each state government has its own set of administrative procedures as well, some of which are modeled after FAPA. An administrative law attorney specializes in administrative procedures at the federal and/or state level. Some examples of administrative agencies include the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). If, for example, the FDA passes new rules that affect your business, you may benefit from the services of an administrative law lawyer to better understand whether the FDA followed the correct procedure in passing these rules and whether you should contest them. | <urn:uuid:1ebd66ab-d112-4a64-93a0-04da085e3ca0> | 2013-05-21T17:12:03Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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I think a "dock" is unnecessary.
However, if it doesn't add appreciably to the cost or complexity, I think that having a 1/8" analog input jack in addition to the Airplay and/or Bluetooth might make the device applicable to more applications and sources.
Or maybe that's already covered by the Audiobytes.
I have an Android phone, an iPad and PC's. If the device ONLY had Airplay, I probably wouldn't buy it since I'm not running an Apple router at my house. Ken/others: isn't it true that you need the Airplay/Airport router or an Apple TV to make this scenario work? That is, an iPhone, iPod or iPad wouldn't be enough to stream music to speakers like this, right?
We are a whole community of "that guy" - StPatGuy | <urn:uuid:0b02a5cb-de69-48f1-bed5-ed840ca37e8d> | 2013-05-21T17:10:24Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Thousands die every year waiting for transplants because the National Organ Transplant Act forbids the sale of human organs. But people should have the right to harvest and sell their organs. If the law recognizes our right to give away an organ, it should also recognize our right to sell an organ. As long as there is no coercion involved, the government should respect and protect this right.
Those who can afford to buy organs would benefit at no one's expense but their own. Those unable to pay would still be able to rely on charity, as they do today.
If the government upheld the rights of potential buyers and sellers of organs, many of the 90,000 people now waiting for organs would be spared hideous suffering and an early death. How many? There is only one way to find out: Set these people free. | <urn:uuid:4bbc4e62-d934-41c6-b9af-8b409205e9d9> | 2013-05-21T17:16:38Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Your 5-year-old now
Even children who parted easily at preschool sometimes turn into wailing "cling-ons" come the first days of kindergarten. Anxiety over the unknown is at the root of it. Will I make friends? Is learning to read going to be hard? Will I find the bus on time? Do I have to talk in class?
Most schools offer a time to tour the classroom and meet the teacher before the first day. Do a dry run. Show your child where he'll be dropped off and how to get to his classroom.
As fears surface, talk them out. The more specific he can be about what's bothering him, the better able you will be to strategize solutions.
Most importantly, don't minimize your child's fears. "You'll meet new friends" isn't reassuring to a scared 5-year-old. Talk instead about how to approach new playmates. Role-play what he might say to start up a game.
In times of upheaval, it's also important for kids to have structure. Keep things as sane as possible at home with before- and after-school schedules.
Your life now
Many parents grapple with the question of whether to let their children play with toy guns or engage in other violent play. It's an individual choice. But it can help to know that at age 5, your child's interest is less a reflection of our violent culture than a common, healthy developmental phase.
Gunplay is a form of imaginative play that allows your child to feel he's exerting control over his world (vanquishing "bad guys," for example). There's no evidence linking toy guns to future acts of violence. The phase usually passes within a few years as your child moves on to other interests.
Many parents ban toy guns only to find their kids creating weaponry out of a sandwich, a stick, or the state of Florida in a 50-state puzzle. You can avoid buying realistic weaponry but stopping the play altogether is more challenging.
Rather than shaming your child about it, ask open-ended questions about why he likes such games. Play along and find subtle ways to talk about your values and nonviolence.
Banning guns may also give them the power of being more attractive. The less of a big deal you make about gunplay — while being sure your child has lots of other playthings, too — the more quickly this stage tends to blow over. | <urn:uuid:91428c07-2736-47ee-8a6b-ab6f4852a269> | 2013-05-21T17:32:28Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Sound and compatibilityHow your baby's name sounds when it is said aloud is one of the most essential things to think about. Is it melodious? Harsh? Does it go well with your surname? Often, longer first names work better with shorter surnames, and vice versa. Combining a first name that ends in a vowel with a surname that starts with a vowel generally isn't the best choice - the names tend to run together, like Eva Anderson. Avoid first names that rhyme with your surname. It's probably wise to resist puns too. A name like "Holly Wood" or "Rosie Lee" will be fun for about five minutes, not a lifetime.
UniquenessUse our printable favourite-names list to help you decide.An unusual name has the advantage of making the bearer stand out from the crowd. Fran sometimes wishes she hadn't chosen the popular name Matthew for her second son. When he started school, there were three other Matts in his class. "It was years before he really understood that his name wasn't Matt B," she says.
On the other hand, a name no one has heard of and can't pronounce can draw unwanted attention. One way of striking a balance is to choose a familiar first name if your child's surname is unusual. If your son's surname will be Smith, you might want to consider something with more pizzazz than Joe for his first name. However, if his surname is Aytrivbsoan, then Joe might be preferable to, say, Archimedes, as a given name.
Relatives and friendsMany parents choose to name their babies after a grandparent, other relative, or close friend. This option can provide you with a good pool of names to consider. Take ideas graciously, but don't tell anyone what you and your partner have decided until after your baby is born - when it's too late to give in to any less-than-subtle hints. Never let anyone pressure you into a name you don't like. When it comes down to it, great aunt Hepzebiah won't have to live with the name, your baby will.
Ancestry and heritageYour child's heritage is an essential part of who she is, and you may want her name to reflect that. Your religious preference, if you have one, could steer you towards a certain category of names. Or perhaps your family has a tradition of naming first-born sons after their fathers. If you love a name but it doesn't meet your family's traditional requirements, consider using it as a middle name.
MeaningNo one is likely to treat your daughter Ingrid differently because her name means "hero's daughter", but the derivation of your baby's name is something you may want to think about. After all, if little Stockard finds out one day that her name means "from the yard of tree stumps", she may not be best pleased.
Initials and nicknamesPeople, especially children, can be cruel when it comes to nicknames, so try to anticipate any potentially embarrassing ones. Of course, just because you don't think of something doesn't mean some clever classmate down the line won't - and he'll probably find it utterly hilarious. At least you can rule out the obvious problems though. Also, be aware of what your child's initials spell. Zachary Ian Thomas will more than likely get a lot of teasing, while Zachary Edward Thomas probably won't.
Remember, none of these are hard and fast rules. The most important criteria for a name is simply that you and your partner like it.
To get ahead on name research, try out our baby name finder. | <urn:uuid:3ea7ef06-2dd5-45bd-bd73-f56c7720e562> | 2013-05-21T17:44:28Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Praised be Thou, O Lord my God! I implore Thee...
Praised be Thou, O Lord my God! I implore Thee by Thine Ancient Beauty and Most Great Name, Whom Thou hast sacrificed that all the dwellers of Thine earth and heaven may be born anew, and Whom Thou hast cast into prison that mankind may, as a token of Thy bounty and of Thy sovereign might, be released from the bondage of evil passions and corrupt desires, to number me with those who have so deeply inhaled the fragrance of Thy mercy, and hastened with such speed unto the living waters of Thy grace, that no dart could hinder them from turning unto Thee, nor any spear from setting their faces towards the orient of Thy Revelation.
We testify, O my Lord, that Thou art God and that there is none other God besides Thee. From everlasting Thou wast enthroned on the inaccessible heights of Thy power, and wilt unto everlasting continue to exercise Thy transcendent and unrestrained dominion. The hosts of the world are powerless to frustrate Thy will, nor can all the dwellers of the earth and all the inmates of heaven annul Thy decree. Thou truly art the Almighty, the Most Exalted, the Most Great.
Bless, O my God, those of the followers of the Bayán as have been numbered with the people of Bahá, who have entered within the Crimson Ark in Thy Name, the Most Exalted, the Most High. Thy might, verily, is equal to all things. | <urn:uuid:977cd7ef-e02e-41be-a826-311986bc30ca> | 2013-05-21T17:31:16Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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E-mail this story
Haloti Ngata on his injuries: 'It's limiting me, I can't do what I want to do most of the time'
Ravens Pro Bowl defensive tackle Haloti Ngata began this season in dominating form, chasing down quarterbacks and tossing aside blockers to tackle running backs.
By Aaron Wilson
November 8, 2012 | <urn:uuid:fb10cfac-f18a-49cd-95ba-63cd895587b6> | 2013-05-21T17:38:18Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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When you think of borrowing money, the kinds of loans that
typically spring to mind are home, auto, or school loans.
But what if you need, say, 500 dollars cash immediately for
an emergency? Traditional loans are usually for larger amounts,
and they require above-average credit. Plus, they can take
weeks to process. But there are instant cash loans available
that can net you up to 1,500 dollars quickly and easily.
One common type of instant cash loan is the payday loan.
To qualify for this type of loan, you simply have to have
a job. When you apply, you furnish information as to where
you work, how much you make per month, and how often you are
paid. You are basically borrowing from your next paycheck.
This is extremely convenient if you only get paid once a month,
or are facing unexpected or extreme circumstances.
There are several other advantages to this type of loan.
First of all, there's no credit check required. Also, you
can apply for these loans online, so you don't have to try
to find a fax machine to send out your information. But the
best thing about this kind of instant cash loan is that it
is truly instant--you can receive up to 1,500 dollars in your
bank account by the next day, or even on the same day you
Make Your Payday Today with an Instant Cash Loan
If you don't have a bank account, you can also apply for a
loan that will issue you a credit card with the amount you
want to borrow. This card works like a traditional credit
card, and can be used to pay bills, buy merchandise, or use
however you see fit. If you need cash fast, look into an instant
cash loan for a quick, convenient solution.
Instant Cash Loans | <urn:uuid:f4cecbeb-dda2-4913-88a4-1c319a4f7781> | 2013-05-21T17:31:54Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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We performed a site update on April 16, 2013. Please let the admin know if you User_talk:Admin#APRIL_16.2C_2013 encounter any issues. All updates have been performed.
From BR Bullpen
- Bats Left, Throws Left
- Height 6' 2", Weight 240 lb.
- High School Nan-Ying Vocational High School
- Debut September 2, 2005
Biographical Information
He signed with the Los Angeles Dodgers as an undrafted free agent in 1999 and became the first Taiwanese high schooler to be signed by a Major League Baseball team. He started in professional ball with the the San Bernardino Stampede in 2000, pitching just one game and then needing Tommy John surgery(However, he struck out 7 out of 9 batters faced.). He had limited action in 2001 and 2002 due to the injury (he appeared in 7 games each year). He did play, however, for Taiwan in the 2002 Asian Games. In 2003 he was recovering from his second Tommy John surgery and did not pitch. In 2004 he appeared in three games with the Columbus Catfish of the SAL.
Finally, in 2005, he was able to pitch in a substantial number of ballgames. He played 11 games in Vero Beach of the Florida State League, with an ERA of 2.08 and a record of 1-1, striking out 42 in only 26 innings and allowing a .202 average. He then moved up to the Jacksonville Suns of the Southern League for 17 games in relief; he had an ERA of 1.91 with a record of 1-1 and three saves. He broke in with the Los Angeles Dodgers for 9 games in relief, posting an ERA of 6.75 in 5 1/3 innings in 2005.
Kuo pitched for Taiwan in the 2006 World Baseball Classic, striking out 3 in 1 2/3 IP but allowing three runs. All his appearances for the Dodgers that year were in relief until September 8, 2006, when he made his first start, in Shea Stadium. Several thousand extra tickets were sold as New York's Taiwanese community honored him. That night he pitched 6 innings, giving up 0 runs. He had 7 strikeouts in the 6 innings. In 2006, until September 8, he had appeared in 23 games in relief, with an ERA of 5.34. In 30 1/3 innings he had notched 36 strikeouts along with 26 walks. He was also in Triple A with the Las Vegas 51s that year, with an ERA of 3.06 and a record of 4-3 in 23 appearances, mostly in relief. He had 63 strikeouts in 53 innings.
Kuo holds the record for the fewest career wins at the time of a postseason start. He had only one major league win before starting Game 2 in the 2006 NLDS. The previous record was two wins, by Gary Waslewski of the Red Sox in the 1967 World Series.
Oddly, the pitcher became the first Taiwanese player to homer in a major league game, though slugger Chin-Feng Chen had made the majors ahead of him. Kuo made his history on June 12 when he homered off John Maine in the second inning. It was the third Dodgers home run in a three pitch stretch, following Wilson Betemit and Matt Kemp.
Hong-Chih Kuo was named to the National League All-Star team in 2010, replacing the injured Jason Heyward. He was sporting a 1.03 ERA at the time and became the first All-Star from Taiwan. He finished the season witha a 1.20 ERA, the lowest in team history.
Kuo was placed on the disabled list on May 11, 2011, suffering from anxiety disorder. He had battled bouts of losing his control completely in the past, a problem that is usually more psychological than physical, notably in 2009 when it had taken him three months to recover from the condition. He returned to the mound on June 21st, pitching a perfect inning against the Detroit Tigers.
Notable Achievements
- NL All-Star (2010) | <urn:uuid:4744a8ea-690a-468f-ad40-c82473a4dc3a> | 2013-05-21T17:48:39Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Real Chinese - TV transcripts
The transcripts below correspond to the ten
programmes in the Real Chinese TV series, which is repeated regularly on BBC Learning Zone.
Each transcript covers all Chinese dialogues spoken in the programme.
|Greeting people and saying your name|
|Talking about your family and introducing members of your family|
|Saying a bit about yourself -- where you're from, what languages you speak, what you do for a living. Plus what to say when you're formally introduced.|
|Ordering drinks and snacks.|
|Ordering food in a restaurant. Saying what you like to eat and what you don't like to eat|
|Buying souvenirs and shopping for food at a market|
|Asking for directions.|
|Buying a ticket for public transport|
|Hiring a boat or a bicycle, booking a hotel room and talking about your favourite sporting and leisure pursuits.|
|Buying tickets for a show and talking about your favourite pastimes.| | <urn:uuid:63fd446f-246f-4e88-be56-c6d41198c42a> | 2013-05-21T17:37:56Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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BP boss Hayward says he was 'demonised' over oil spill
The outgoing boss of BP believes he was "demonised and vilified" over the firm's Gulf of Mexico oil spill crisis.
But chief executive Tony Hayward - who is to leave the top job in October - accepted that the firm could not move on with him at the helm.
His departure was confirmed as BP reported a record $17bn (£11bn) loss, having set aside $32bn to cover the costs of the spill.
BP's managing director Bob Dudley will replace him in the top job.
"This is a very sad day for me personally," Mr Hayward told reporters.
"Whether it is fair or unfair is not the point. I became the public face [of the disaster] and was demonised and vilified.
He added: "BP cannot move on in the US with me as its leader... Life isn't fair.
"Sometimes you step off the pavement and get hit by a bus."Russia role
BP chairman Carl-Henric Svanberg praised the contribution Mr Hayward had made to BP during 28 years of service - but said he was not the right man to lead the rebuilding of the firm.
The outgoing boss will be able to claim a pension worth about £600,000 a year when he reaches his 55th birthday. He is currently 53.
Because he has left by mutual consent, the terms of his contract will be honoured, meaning he will also receive a full year's salary plus retain the rights on BP shares which could be worth million of pounds.
Mr Hayward is also likely to retain a role within the company, with BP planning to nominate him as a non-executive director of its Russian joint venture, TNK-BP.Misguided remarks
The latest comments are unlikely to win Mr Hayward much sympathy in many quarters in the US, where the media has portrayed him as the public face of the world's worst environmental disaster, including the deaths of 11 men in the rig explosion that preceded it.
Critics argued that, as the man in charge, it was Mr Hayward's job to take the heat.
He did not help his cause with some misguided remarks about wanting his life back and optimistic comments about the clean-up operation.
Other public relations own-goals included his refusal to answer questions put to him by a congressional sub-committee and his decision to participate in a JP Morgan yacht race around the Isle of Wight.
BP: Capping the crisis. Jon Sopel will have the latest political and market reaction in a special live programme on the BBC World Service and BBC World News from 1830 GMT. | <urn:uuid:ac542280-9224-477f-a96b-9c44812055f7> | 2013-05-21T17:39:26Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Votes for 16-year-olds 'not inevitable'
Allowing 16 and 17-year-olds to vote in the Scottish independence referendum will not lead to them voting in all UK elections, the UK government has said.
Westminster appears to have conceded the measure to ensure there is a deal with the Scottish government for a simple yes or no question in 2014.
But former Tory Scottish Secretary Lord Forsyth said it would have "huge implications" for the rest of the UK.
Advocate general Lord Wallace said there were no plans to change the law.
Prime Minister David Cameron said in his speech at the Conservative party conference that he would meet First Minister Alex Salmond on Monday in an attempt to finalise a deal on how the Scottish referendum will be staged.
It is likely to be held in the autumn of 2014 with voters given a straight choice between independence or remaining in the United Kingdom.
It is also expected that 16- and 17-year-olds will be allowed to take part in the ballot.
In a exchange in the House of Lords, Lord Forsyth said the Scottish move would inevitably lead to extending the franchise to 16-year-olds in all elections throughout the United Kingdom - bringing politics into schools.
He said such a decision should not be made in "closed corner negotiations".
Responding for the government, the Lib Dem peer Lord Wallace, whose party supports lowering the voting age, insisted there was "nothing inevitable" about the move.
"The franchise for referendums is set out in the legislation that enables each referendum to take place," he said.
"If we agree to transfer powers to the Scottish Parliament to hold a referendum then it is they who would determine the franchise."
Tory Lord Jopling said it was "a major constitutional change" and Labour's Lord Foulkes of Cumnock said it had "not be thought through" and questioned how extending the electoral register to include younger votes would be funded. | <urn:uuid:6b3de733-f328-4b07-8312-355fb5abe8e0> | 2013-05-21T17:26:47Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Pakistani schoolgirl Malala nominated for Nobel Peace Prize
Malala Yousafzai, the Pakistani schoolgirl shot by the Taliban for campaigning for girls' education, has been nominated for one of the world's top awards.
The 15-year-old is nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, which each year is awarded to a person or organisation that's seen to promote friendliness and peace.
This year a record 259 nominations were received and the winner of the prize will be announced in October.
The Nobel Prizes also include awards in medicine, physics, chemistry and literature. | <urn:uuid:dcaffe81-ca53-4eca-a35c-bac5c3d1f5e0> | 2013-05-21T17:10:06Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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The Phantom Story Detail
When Babar discovers that the "phantom" in an abandoned theater is really a lonely old musician who lives there, Babar decides to try and help him come out of seclusion. Unfortunately, the phantom resents the meddling, and scares Babar's friends away to the point where they decide that the theatre should be torn down.
Return To The Phantom...
"The Phantom" has not yet received enough votes to be rated. Vote Now!
This page has been viewed 75 times this month, and 980 times total. | <urn:uuid:548e24de-487c-407f-a8f5-0344c1f7e8d9> | 2013-05-21T17:31:53Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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On March 12, 2002 the first results from the 2001 Census - population and dwelling counts - were released by Statistics Canada. Information on other characteristics of the B.C. population such as age, ethnicity, education, income, etc. will be released over the next two years.
British Columbia was the third fastest growing province in Canada, increasing 4.9% between 1996 and 2001. On May 15, 2001, the population of B.C. was counted as 3,907,738, compared with 3,724,500 in May 1996. B.C.'s population growth was slightly stronger than the national rate of 4.0%. In the previous five year period, B.C.'s population had increased 13.5%, more than double the 5.7% increase in the Canadian population. Between 1996 and 2001, Alberta (10.3%) and Ontario (6.1%) had the strongest population growth among the provinces. Nunavut's population grew by 8.1%.
Fewer than half (12 out of 28) of the regional districts in the province experienced population growth between 1996 and 2001. The regions that grew were concentrated in the southwest mainland, eastern Vancouver Island and Okanagan areas. Squamish-Lillooet (12.3%), Greater Vancouver (8.5%), Central Okanagan (8.2%) and Fraser Valley (6.8%) regional districts registered the strongest growth. On Vancouver Island, most of the growth occurred in the Nanaimo (4.3%) and Capital (2.4%) regional districts. The northern and Kootenay regions registered population declines over the 5-year period, with the largest decreases in Skeena-Queen Charlotte (-12.5%) and Mount Waddington (-10.2%).
Among large municipalities (those with populations of more than 100,000), the strongest growth in the 1996-2001 period was posted in Surrey (14%), followed by Coquitlam (11%) and Richmond (10%). Among smaller municipalities (those with populations of more than 5,000), Whistler had the strongest growth (24%), although the small neighbouring community of Pemberton had even stronger growth (91%).
Top Municipalities (> 5,000 people) in terms of growth from 1996 to 2000
|Municipality ||2001 Population || % Change |
|Whistler ||8,896 ||24.0% |
|Surrey ||347,825 ||14.2% |
|Port Moody ||23,816 ||14.2% |
|View Royal ||7,271 ||12.9% |
|Maple Ridge ||63,169 ||12.5% |
|Coquitlam ||112,890 ||10.9% |
|New Westminster ||54,656 ||10.8% |
|Richmond ||164,345 ||10.4% |
|Port Coquitlam ||51,257 ||9.8% |
|Abbotsford ||115,463 ||9.6% |
Urban and Rural Population
Between 1996 and 2001, the population has become more urbanised with 85% of the provincial population now living in urban areas, up from 82% in 1996 and 80% in 1991.
Characteristics of Population Growth
Although information on the characteristics of the population growth between 1996 and 2001 is not yet available from the 2001 Census, current population estimates provide insight into some aspects of the growth. About two thirds of the population growth between 1996 and 2001 was due to migration with natural increase (births minus deaths) accounting for the rest. The growth due to migration was entirely from international sources, as a large number of people left B.C. for Alberta and only small numbers arrived from other parts of Canada. Between 1991 and 1996, a similar number of people had arrived from international sources but there had also been almost as large a net inflow from other parts of the country. More than three quarters (77%) of the immigrants to B.C. over the 1996-2001 period were from Asian countries, followed by European sources (12%) and North and Central America (4%). | <urn:uuid:2c387e3b-0186-4c0f-94d1-fd0fbf5014cc> | 2013-05-21T17:23:09Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Taking time to sit back and watch and think about what you’ve seen is important. Traveling did a great deal to me.
The singer and songwriter by the name of Lionel Richie grew up in the state of Alabama basically on the campus of the Tuskegee Institute. He would later move to the state of Illinois and graduate from Joliet Township High School where he was a scholar athlete and gained a tennis scholarship to the Tuskegee Institute back in Alabama.
He would go on to attend graduate school at Auburn University where he would become a member of the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity before he would begin his career in music. During his time at the university, he would become a player with The Commodores as a singer as well as playing saxophone. He would play with the group for quite awhile, gaining a name for himself until he ventured off on his own in pursuit of a solo career.
While playing with The Commodores, Lionel Richie would begin to gain a name for himself in the music community. He would learn the style of funk and dance while with the group although he was more disposed to easy songs of love and romance. While playing with the group, he would eventually begin collaboration with other artists in the form of writing as well as singing.
From Richie to Riches
In 1980, he would help Kenny Rogers write the song Lady, which would be a number one hit in the United States on the top country charts of the day. From this, he would establish a long time relationship with Rogers and the two would continue to collaborate on other albums in the future. Further in his collaborative career, he would perform a duet with the great Diana Ross of the song Endless Love, which was commissioned for the movie under the same title.
The single would become a hit in both the United States as well as the United Kingdom and would be the beginning of Richie’s branch out into the solo world. He would release his first album in the early 1980’s and become one of the leading solo artists of the day.
Lionel Richie would make his first full length album debut in 1982 with a self titled album. The record contained many hit singles, on of which was the song called Truly, which would make it to the number one position and be said to have launched his career into stardom. The album would bode well with music audiences as well as it climbed to the number three on the album charts and would be certified multiple times platinum selling more than four million copies in the United States.
Solo to the Stars
He would go on a supporting tour of the album and then back into the studio to begin work on a follow up record. 1983 would see the release of Can’t Slow Down that would be even a bigger success than his debut album and would sell over eight million albums world wide. The record would also feature the track called All Night Long, which would stay at the number one position for several weeks.
Over the next couple of years, Richie would continue to release top ten hits over and over again and would also win Best Album of the Year at an early 1980’s Grammy Awards ceremony. His appearance in the movie White Nights would earn him an Oscar as well as another number one hit in 1985. He has been documented as one of the top grossing artists of the 1980’s and continues to be successful even in the present. His fans may find free music downloads or songs available for internet screening on the internet.
Did you know that...
- ...he would be described as the black Barry Manilow.
- ...he worked with country music greats Alabama.
- ...he also had number one hits in the United Kingdom. | <urn:uuid:f9b70ce1-98be-4467-8151-ec99659160db> | 2013-05-21T17:16:04Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Midtown Manhattan Lodging Accommodation with Room to Spare
Whether you're in New York on business or for fun, the Bedford's 135 spacious studios and one bedroom suites are ideal. They feature serving pantries with microwaves and coffee makers. Other amenities include in-room safe, voicemail, iron and ironing board, and hair dryer.
- - Room with one King bed for one or two people.
- - Refrigerator, microwave and coffee maker.
Deluxe Studio RoomsRoom with one KING bed, or two BEDS for up to two people.
- - featuring a fully equipped kitchenette.
One-Bedroom SuitesOversized one-bedroom suite for up to four people with:
- - One KING bed or One QUEEN bed or Two BEDS.
- - Separate living room area with one or two sofa beds.
- - Separate, fully equipped kitchenette.
Tower SuiteA spacious, apartment-like one-bedroom suite for up to four people with one KING bed.
- - Separate living room with sofa bed and dining area.
- - Equipped with a pantry (microwave, refrigerator, coffeemaker). | <urn:uuid:343d8b4c-0140-4939-a680-b4f8b4f07e8d> | 2013-05-21T17:44:05Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Contact us.Do you want a web site? Tell us what you think you need. We'll go from there!
We can develop for you a full bilingual English/French website. We have native French speakers in our team! You do not need to speak French to reach and target your French-speaking customers. We'll do the translation for you!
Contact us now! | <urn:uuid:2264451d-988a-405d-98d6-5c6f6a74696d> | 2013-05-21T17:23:36Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Egypt's opposition has called for an investigation into allegations of vote fraud in the referendum on an Islamist-backed constitution.
The Muslim Brotherhood, the main group backing the charter, claimed it passed with a 64% "yes" vote.
Official results have not been released yet and are expected on Monday.
If the unofficial numbers are confirmed, it will be a victory for Islamist President Mohammed Morsi.
The allegations look likely to prolong the struggle that has exploded in deadly street violence at times over the past month.
"The referendum is not the end game. It is only a battle in this long struggle for the future of Egypt," said the National Salvation Front, the main opposition group.
"We will not allow a change to the identity of Egypt or the return of the age of tyranny."
The opposition claims the new constitution seeks to enshrine Islamic rule in Egypt and accuses the Islamists of trying to monopolise power.
Critics say it does not sufficiently protect the rights of women and minority groups and empowers Muslim clerics by giving them a say over legislation. Some articles were also seen as tailored to get rid of Islamists' enemies and undermine the freedom of labour unions.
The opposition front said it filed complaints to the country's top prosecutor and the election commission asking for an investigation. | <urn:uuid:d24280e5-38b9-4523-ac72-7985079b029e> | 2013-05-21T17:39:57Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Killa Tila wrote:
yea fetus is a monkey...
It's scientifically proven that a fetus is not a human being...
i know that the exact opposite is the case...documentaries have shown that the fetus almost has a human behaviour and reacts,feels,and has it's parts already formed (a very early form)
my sister will give birth next month and we have been in the internet and studying a lot these months and we came across a new scientific conclusion that a fetus is a human being from the time it is conceived...it is shaped already
yeah in some circumstances where the baby will not be able to be taken care of an abortion is the only option but the point is not to get there
See I never knew that. I'm glad we're having this discussion.
I voted for "Yes and No". I think women should have the right to abort their child due to a sexual assault, but I also think it shouldn't be an option for women just because they made a mistake and that option is there.
I mean we have other options like condoms, and birth control to prevent pregnancies. If you're opening your legs and you didn't give a damn about getting pregnant while you were on your back, then you shouldn't give a damn having to deal with the consequences.
Also, I was primarily going to vote for "no everything happens for a reason" because I thought regardless if you got raped or not you still have an option to give it up for adoption, but I felt like I was being insensitive. I don't know what that is like, nor can I imagine what that is like for women, because I'm not in that position. Therefore, I couldn't vote for that.
Again, I agree with all posts it's just a complex topic. I have my own opinion on it, but I don't think anyone could be right or wrong. Or could they be? | <urn:uuid:d890edbf-ca86-4e51-b383-472e28b77eaa> | 2013-05-21T17:38:08Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Kids do not understand the dangers of fire and smoke and the havoc they can create if not used properly. Kids consider most of the things which can trigger fire like match-boxes and sticks, lighters, electrical equipment to be toys and like playing with them. It is very important to teach children about the impacts of these things at a young age. Educating children and making them aware about certain safety measures will make them responsible in the future as well.
There are some basic safety tips which should be followed by children in order to keep themselves fire safe. The first and foremost thing is to tell them not to play with anything that can cause fire. They may take a match-box and lighter very lightly, but it is the parent’s duty to make them aware about the consequences of these things if not used properly. During any festivals it is important for the parents to stay along with their children in case they play with firecrackers. Children should never remain unattended during such festivals. Tell the children not to use a candle when no adult person is around them. Children in the process of growing up find certain things very interesting and try experimenting with them. Lighting paper to see whether it catches fire is one such thing which majority of the children tries during their growing up years. It is necessary for the parents to be aware of such facts and tell their children beforehand not to resort to such things. It is also important to make them aware that fire can get out of control in seconds and hence, a simple experiment can cause an outbreak of fire.
If children are made aware of the cause and effects of fire right from the beginning, they will take good care and precaution so that such incidences do not occur. | <urn:uuid:94b52b96-b8f9-48fd-b881-e163acb5ac7e> | 2013-05-21T17:32:16Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Woodcock said the FDA hasn't uncovered a direct link between the contaminant and the adverse events and deaths. "We know that some of the suspect batches of heparin that were causing the adverse events have this contaminant in it. So there is an association between the contaminant in the presence of adverse events, but it is not a direct causal link yet," she said.
The FDA is also unsure if other heparin products used in the United States or other countries contain this contaminant, Woodcock said. The FDA will be releasing data on how companies can screen heparin for this contaminant, she said.
Following Wednesday's teleconference, Scientific Protein Laboratories released a prepared statement that said it was "premature to conclude that the heparin active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) sourced from China and provided by SPL to Baxter is responsible for these adverse events."
"During the call with the media, FDA speculated that the source of the adverse events may be a contaminant. It is important to note that this theory is speculation at this point, and SPL is participating actively in working with the FDA to pursue this theory, as well as others, so that we can understand the cause of the adverse events," the statement said.
On Feb. 28, Baxter Healthcare, of Deerfield, Ill., announced it was recalling any remaining multi-dose vials of heparin as well as single-dose heparin vials. The company also recalled its Hep-Lock heparin flush products, which include a small amount of heparin and are used to prevent blood clots in intravenous lines.
The recall was made possible because the other manufacturer of multi-dose heparin vials, APP Pharmaceuticals of Schaumburg, Ill., was able to assure the FDA that they could meet all the demand in the United States.
At that time, the FDA also said it had c
All rights reserved | <urn:uuid:572f9762-6b52-4d39-935f-93bfe3fd195a> | 2013-05-21T17:46:33Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Dread Nought Biography
Biography Dread Nought
, was launched in 1912]]The dreadnought was the predominant type of battleship of the 20th century. The revolutionary HMS Dreadnought of 1906 adopted an 'all-big-gun' armament and steam turbine propulsion; her impact was so great that battleships built after her were referred to as 'dreadnoughts' and earlier battleships became known aspre-dreadnoughts.The concept of an all-big-gun ship had been in circulation for several years prior to Dreadnought's construction, and the Imperial Japanese Navy had even begun work on an all-big-gun battleship in 1904.Gibbons, p. 168 The arrival of the dreadnoughts sparked a new arms race, principally between Britain and Germany but reflected worldwide, as the new class of warships became a crucial symbol of national power.Technical development continued rapidly through the dreadnought era, with rapid changes in armament, armor, and propulsion, meaning that ten years after Dreadnought's commissioning much more powerful ships were being built. These more powerful vessels were known as super-dreadnoughts. The only pitched battle between fleets of dreadnoughts was the Battle of Jutland, an indecisive clash that reflected Britain's continuing strategic dominance. Most of the dreadnoughts were scrapped or scuttled after the end of World War I, though some of the most advanced super-dreadnoughts continued in service through World War II.The term "dreadnought" gradually dropped from use after World War I, as the pre-dreadnoughts and the first generations of dreadnoughts were scrapped. However, all battleships built since then shared the characteristics of the dreadnought. "Dreadnought" can also be used to encompass battlecruisers, the other type of ship resulting from the dreadnought revolution.Mackay R. Fisher of Kilverstone, p.326, for instance
's Satsuma; the first ship designed as an 'all-big-gun' battleship]]The distinctive all-big-gun armament of the dreadnought was developed in the first years of the 20th century as navies sought to increase the firepower and range of their battleships. Most pre-dreadnoughts had a main armament of four heavy guns of 9.4-13.5 inch (24-34 cm), a secondary armament of six to eighteen quick/rapid-firing guns of 4.7-7.5 inch (12-19 cm), supplemented by a range of smaller weapons. Some American designs had an intermediate battery of four, later eight, 8-inch (20.3 cm) guns. By 1903, however, serious proposals for an all-big-gun armament were circulated in several countries.All-big-gun designs were begun almost simultaneously in three navies. The Imperial Japanese Navy authorised Satsuma, designed with twelve 12-inch guns, in 1904, and she was laid down in May 1905Jentshura, Jung, Mickel p.22-3. Evans & Peattie p.159. The Royal Navy began the design of HMS Dreadnought in January 1905 and she was laid down in October 1905Sumrall, p.15. The United States Navy gained authorisation for USS Michigan, carrying eight 12-inch guns, in March 1905Sumrall, p.15 and she was laid down in May 1906Sondhaus, p.199.The exact reasons for the move to an all-big-gun design are still a matter of some controversy. The newest, fast-firing 12-inch guns had more long-range firepower than a gun of 10-inch of 9.2-inch calibre.Friedman, Battleship Design and Development.It is often stated that mixed-calibre guns prevented accurate fire control because of the potential for confusion between shell-splashes of different calibre. However, more recent work suggests that shell-splashes and salvo firing were not of much importance in decision-making.Fairbanks, C The Dreadnought Revolution, International History Review 1991: this debate is also expanded on below
The pre-dreadnought battleships combined heavy-calibre ship-killing guns, typically of 12 in calibre, with a secondary and tertiary armament that could generate a hail of fire destroying the less protected parts of enemy ships. At the Battle of the Yalu River and the Battle of Santiago de Cuba (1898], this hail of fire destroyed most of the vessels of the defeated side. At Santiago, none of the four US battleships present scored a single hit with their 12- and 13-inch guns.The Naval War Between China and Japan and Lesson From the War in the East, pages 90-143, The Naval Annual 1895.Naval Aspects of the Spanish-American War, pages 123-174, The Naval Annual 1899 These were short-range engagements. At the Battle of the Yalu River, the victorious Japanese did not open fire until the range had closed to 3,000 yards; naval guns were still too inaccurate to score hits at a longer range.By the early 1900s, British and American admirals expected that in future battleships would engage at considerably longer ranges.This was an Anglo-American trend. French battleships had been expecting to engage at 7-8,000 yards since the mid-1880s. They would need to do so, because torpedo ranges were increasing; "The addition of a gyroscope to the torpedo guidance mechanism in 1896, an invention perfected by 1900, overnight transformed the existing torpedo from a weapon accurate only at ranges up to 600 yards into one that could hit at three times this distance." Page 77, Lambert, Nicholas A. Sir John Fisher's Naval Revolution, pub University of South Carolina, 1999, ISBN-1-57003-277-7; for example, in 1903, the US ordered a torpedo effective to 4,000 yardsPage 53, Friedman, US Battleships. Both British and American admirals concluded that they needed to engage the enemy at longer ranges. In 1900, Mediterranean Sir John A. Fisher commanding the Royal Navy Mediterranean Fleet ordered gunnery practice, with the 6-inch guns, at a range of 6,000 yards.Lambert, Sir John Fisher's Naval Revolution. By 1904, the US Naval War College was considering the effects on battleship tactics of 7-8,000 yard range torpedoes.At the short ranges expected for combat in the 1890s, lighter guns had good accuracy; combined with their high rate of fire, this produced the lethal 'hail of fire' effect. As ranges increased, the accuracy of light and medium-calibre guns declined more rapidly than that of heavier weapons. Lighter projectiles have a lower ratio of mass to frontal surface area, and so their velocity is reduced more quickly by air resistance. If all things are equal, higher velocity means higher accuracy. "Moreover at long ranges gunners had to 'spot' the fall of shot to correct their aim... The longer the range, the lower the maximum theoretical rate of spotted fire."Page 52, Friedman, US Battleships.The early years of the 20th century saw the effective range of heavy guns increase. This was established on gunnery ranges by 1904, and proven in action at the Battle of Tsushima in 1905. "By 1904, the gunnery of the largest weapons had improved to the point where decisive hits could be made at the greatest ranges. This conclusion was confirmed by battle experience in the Russo-Japanese War, but serious planning for all-big-gun ships came considerably earlier in the major navies, based on peacetime gunnery experiments."Friedman US Battlships p.52
All-big-gun mixed-calibre ships
, an all-big-gun mixed-calibre ship of the Lord Nelson class. She carried four 12-inch and ten 9.2-inch guns.]]One approach to making more powerful battleships was to reduce the secondary battery, and substitute additional heavy guns: typically 9.2- or 10-inch. These ships, described as 'all-big-gun mixed-calibre' or later 'semi-dreadnought', included the British King Edward VII and Lord Nelson classes, the French Danton class, and the Japanese battleship Satsuma. The design process for these ships often included discussion of a pure, 'all-big-gun one-calibre', alternative.The June issue of Proceedings of the US Naval Institute contained an article by US Navy's leading gunnery expert Prof P.R Alger proposing a main battery of eight 12-inch guns in twin turrets. The future chief constructor David W Taylor responded suggesting that battleships of the future would be powered with steam turbines. Page 51, Friedman, Norman, US Battleships, an Illustrated Design History, pub Naval Institute Press, 1985, ISBN 0-87021-715-1 In May 1902, the Bureau of Construction and Repair submitted a design for the Mississippi class battleship with twelve 10-inch guns in twin turrets, two at the ends and four in the wings. Lt. Cdr. H. C. Poundstone submitted a paper to President Roosevelt in December 1902 arguing the case for larger battleships. In an appendix to his paper, Poundstone suggested a greater number of 11-inch and 9-inch guns was preferable to a smaller number of 12-inch and 9-inch. "In an appendix he argued, as had Signor, that there was little point in retaining the 8-inch gun. Better to replace the existing mix of 12- and 8-inch guns with 11 and 9 inch; better, too, to save weight and gain numbers by using the smallest possible heavy-calibre weapon. Poundstone's paper was not published by the Proceedings until the June and September 1903 issues." Page 52, Friedman, US Battleships. The Naval War College and C&R developed these ideas in studies between 1903 and 1905. War game studies begun in July 1903 "showed that a battleship armed with twelve 11- or 12-inch guns hexagonally arranged would be equal to three or more of the conventional type."Pages 53-58, Friedman, US BattleshipsIn the British navy the same trend occurred. A design had also been circulated in 1902-03 for "a powerful 'all big-gun' armament of two calibres, viz. four 12-inch and twelve 9.2-inch guns."Page 426, Parkes, quoting an I.N.A. paper of 9 April 1919 by Sir Philip Watts. However, the Admiralty decided to build three more King Edward (with a mixture of 12-inch, 9.2-inch and 6-inch) in the 1903-04 programme instead.Page 426, Parkes. The concept was revived for the 1904-05 programme, the Lord Nelson class. Restrictions on length and beam meant that the midships 9.2-inch turrets became single instead of twin, thus giving an armament of four 12-inch, ten 9.2-inch, and no 6-inch. The constructor for this design, J.H. Narbeth, submitted an alternative drawing showing an armament of twelve 12-inch guns, but the Admiralty was not prepared to accept this. Page 451-2, Parkes. Part of the rationale for the decision to retain mixed-calibre guns was the need to begin the building of the ships quickly because of the tense situation produced by the Russo-Japanese War.Breyer, S. Battleships and Battlecruisers of the World, p.113.
The switch to all-big-gun designs
The replacement of the 6-inch or 8-inch guns with weapons of 9.2-inch or 10-inch calibre improved the striking power of a battleship, particularly at longer ranges. However, making the move to a uniform calibre of heavy guns offered a number of benefits.A uniform heavy-gun armament offered advantages for logistics and damage control. When the US were considering whether to have a mixed-calibre main armament for the South Carolina class, For example, Sims and Poundstone stressed the advantages of homogeneity in terms of ammunition supply and the transfer of crews from the disengaged guns to replace wounded gunners.Friedman, US Battleships, p.55.A uniform calibre of gun meant streamlined fire control. The designers of Dreadnought prefered an all-big-gun design because it would mean only one set of calculations about adjustments to the range of the guns."Additional advantage is gained by having a uniform armament. A mixed armament necessitates separate control for each type; owing to a variety of causes the range passed to 12-in. guns is not the range that will suit the 9.2in. or 6-in. guns, although the distance of the target is the same." First Addendum to the Report of the Committee on Designs, quoted in Mackay R. Fisher of Kilverstone, p.322 It is often argued that a uniform calibre was particularly important because the risk of confusion between shell-splashes of 12-inch and lighter guns, which is held to make accurate ranging difficult. More recent investigation suggests that fire control in 1905 was not advanced enough to use the salvo-firing technique where this confusion might be importantFor the detail of this debate, see Fairbanks C. The Dreadnought Revolution, International History Review 1991 Vol 13 Part 2, in particular p.250; confusion of shell-splashes does not seem to have been a concern of those working on all-big gun designsIn Britain: "Fisher does not seem to have expressed interest in... the ability to hit an adversary at long range by spotting salvoes. It is also very diffficult to understand just when this method was first officially understood"; Mackay, Fisher of Kilverstone, p.322. And in America: "The possibility of gunnery confusion due to two calibres as close as 10 and 12 inches was never raised. For example, Sims and Poundstone stressed the advantages of homogeneity in terms of ammunition supply and the transfer of crews from the disengaged guns to replace wounded gunners. Friedman, US Battleships, p.55. Nevertheless, the likelihood of engagements at longer ranges was important in deciding that the heaviest possible guns should be adopted as standard; hence 12-inch rather than 10-inch. "In October W.L Rogers of the Naval War College wrote a long and detailed memorandum on this question, pointing out that as ranges became longer the difference in accuracy between even 10- and 12-inch guns became enormous" Page 55, Friedman, US Battleships; "The advantage at long range lies with the ship which carries the greatest number of guns of the largest type", Report of the Committee on Designs, quoted in Mackay Fisher of Kilverstone p.322Furthermore, the newer designs of 12-inch gun mounting had a considerably higher rate of fire, removing the advantage previously enjoyed by smaller calibres. In 1902, a 12-inch gun might fire two rounds per minute; in 1895, one round every four minutes was more likelyFriedman, Battleship Design and Development, p.98. In October 1903, the naval architect Vittorio Cuniberti published a paper in Jane's Fighting Ships entitled "An Ideal Battleship for the British Navy", which called for a 17,000 ton ship carrying a main armament of twelve 12-in guns, protected by 12-inch armour, and having a speed of 24 knots (44 km/h).Cuniberti, Vittorio, "An Ideal Battleship for the British Fleet", All The World?s Fighting Ships, 1903, pp.407-409. Cuniberti's idea - which he had already proposed the idea to his own navy, the Regia Marina - was to make use of the high rate of fire of new 12-inch guns to produce devastating rapid-fire from heavy guns to replace the 'hail of fire' from lighter weapons.Friedman, Battleship Design and Development 1905-45, p.98 Something similar lay behind the Japanese move towards heavier guns; Japanese shells contained a higher than normal proportion of high explosive, and were fused to explode on contact, starting fires rather than piercing armour.Evans and Peattie, Kaigun, p.63 The increased rate of fire overcame the principal objection to 12-inch guns and laid the foundations for future advances in fire control. Friedman, Battleship Design and Development, p.98
Building the first Dreadnoughts
In Japan, the two battleships of the 1903-4 Programme were in fact the first to be laid down as all-big-gun designs, with eight 12-inch guns. However, the design had armour which was considered too thin, meaning a substantial redesignBreyer, Battleships and Battlecruisers of the World, p.331; the financial pressures of the Russo-Japanese War and the short supply of 12-inch guns which had to be imported from Britain meant that these ships were completed as the with a mixed-calibre 10-inch and 12-inch armament. The 1903-4 design also retained traditional triple-expansion steam engines. Evans and Peattie, Kaigun, p.159The dreadnought breakthrough occurred in Britain in 1905. The new First Sea Lord, Jackie Fisher had long been an advocate of new technology in the Royal Navy and had recently converted to the idea of an all-big-gun battleship.Fisher first firmly proposed the all-big-gun idea in a paper in 1904, where he called for battleships with sixteen 10-inch guns; by November 1904 he was convinced of the need for 12-inch guns. An 1902 letter, where he suggested powerful ships 'with equal fire all round', might have meant an all-big-gun design. Mackay, RFisher of Kilverstone p.312Fisher is often credited as the creator of the Dreadnought type and the father of Britain's great dreadnought battleship fleet, an impression he himself did much to reinforce. However, it is now seriously suggested Fisher's main interest was in developing the battlecruiser and not the battleship.Sumida, J. Sir John Fisher and the Dreadnought, Journal of Military History Vol.59 No.4; p.619-21 One of Fisher's first actions on coming to office was to set up a Committee on Designs to consider future battleships and armoured cruisers.The Committee's first task was to consider a new battleship. The specification for the new ship was a 12-inch main battery and anit-torpedo-boat guns but no intermediate calibres, and a 21-knot speed (two or three knots faster than existing battleships).Breyer, Battleships and Battlecruisers of the World, p.115 The initial designs intended twelve 12-inch guns, though difficulties in positioning these guns led the chief constructor at one stage to propose a return to four 12-inch guns with sixteen or eighteen 9.2-inch. The Committee settled on a design carrying ten 12-inch guns as her main armament, along with twenty-two 12-pounders (3 inch, 76 mm) as her secondary armamentBreyer, Battleships and Battlecruisers of the World, p.115. The Committee also took the adventurous step of giving Dreadnought steam turbine propulsion. This was unprecedented in a large warship. The greater efficiency of the turbines meant that the 21-knot design speed could be achieved in a smaller and cheaper shipBreyer, p.46, p.115Construction took place at a remarkable rate; her keel was laid on 2 October 1905, she was launched on 10 February 1906, and she was completed on 3 October 1906?an impressive demonstration of British industrial might.Sumrall, p.15 The new ship was named Dreadnought; the previous Dreadnought, having been stricken from the effective list in 1905.Page 10, The Naval Annual 1905The first US dreadnoughts were the South Carolina class. Detailed plans for these were worked out in July-November 1905, and approved by the Board of Construction on 23 November 1905.Page 62, Friedman, US Battleships However building progress was slow; specifications for bidders were issued on 21 March 1906, and the two ships were laid down in December 1906, after the completion of the British Dreadnought.Page 63, Friedman, US Battleships
The design of dreadnoughts, like that of any warship, was a difficult struggle to provide as much protection, mobility and firepower as possible on a ship of a realistic size and costFriedman, N. Battleship Design and Development, p.19-21. The characteristic of a dreadnought was an 'all-big-gun' armament. Dreadnoughts also carried thick armour, principally in a thick belt around the waterline, though also in one or more armoured decks which became thicker over time. Protection against torpedoes, secondary armament, fire control and command equipment also had to be crammed into the hull.The inevitable consequence of demands for ever greater speed, striking power and staying power meant that the displacement and hence the cost of dreadnought designs tended to increase. Dreadnought size was only eventually limited by the Washington Naval Treaty in 1922, when an upper limit of 35,000 tons was agreed; in subsequent years a number of treaty battleships were commissioned designed to build up to this limit. Once war came on the horion again, however, the race towards bigger and bigger battleships resumed.
showing the armament distribution of a typical early British dreadnoughts; main battery is in twin turrets, with two on the 'wings'; secondary battery is clustered around the superstructure.]]The defining characteristic of the dreadnought was the 'all-big-gun' armament: a large number of very heavy guns. The number and size of guns in the main battery could vary. Dreadnought herself mounted ten 12-inch guns; 12-inch armament had been standard in the pre-dreadnought and this continued the first generation of dreadnought battleships, though the German Navy continued to use 11.1-inch guns in its first class of dreadnoughts, the Nassau class.Breyer, p.54, 266As dreadnoughts developed, there were continuing demands for more firepower in the main battery to match or outpace the likely enemy. This meant either more powerful heavy guns, a greater number of such guns, or an arrangement which meant the same number of guns could be better used.
Position of Main Armament
The effectiveness of the guns depended in part on the layout of the turrets. Dreadnought, and the British ships which immediately followed her, carried five turrets: one ahead and two astern on the centreline of the ship, and two in the 'wings' next to the superstructure. This allowed three turrets to fire ahead and four turrets to fire broadside. Nassau and the first few classes of German dreadnoughts adopted a 'hexagonal' layout with one turret fore and aft and two wing-turrets on each side of the superstructure; this meant that more guns were mounted in total, but the same number could fire ahead or broadside as with Dreadnought.Dreadnought designs experimented with different layouts of turrets. An alternative was to mount the centre turrets en echelon. The British Neptune class staggered the wing turrets, so all ten guns could fire on the broadside, a feature copied by the German Kaiser class. This, however, risked blast damage to parts of the ship which the guns fired over, and put great stress on the ship's frame.Friedman, Battleship Design and Development, p.134The solution which imposed the least stress on the ship's hull was to put all the turrets on the centreline. This meant that every heavy gun could easily fire on the broadside, but fewer could fire end-on. It also meant the hull would be longer, and that the armoured belt would be heavier or thinner; the deep, heavily-armoured magazines which served each turret also interfered with the distribution of boilers and engines.Freidman, N. Battleship Design and Development, p.132 Agincourt carried fourteen 12-inch guns in seven centreline turrets, more heavy guns than any other dreadnought, but was not considered a success for these reasons.Breyer, p. 138An improved centreline layout involved raising some turrets so they could fire over a turret immediately forward or astern of them. The U.S. Navy adopted this feature with their very first dreadnoughts, the South Carolina class. Other navies were slower to do so, because of fears about the impact of the blast of the raised guns on the lower turret. Raised turrets also raised the centre of gravity of the ship, potentially reducing stability; for this reason it was impossible for more than two turrets to superfire, one fore and one aft.Friedman, Battleship Design and Development p.134 The most common superfiring arrangement was eight guns, with two turrets forward and two aft, allowing four guns to fire on either end and eight on a broadside. This was adopted as early as the South Carolinas, spread to the Royal Navy with the Orion class, and could be seen as late as the World War II designs like Bismarck and Vanguard.The alternative to more turrets was to put more guns into each turret. Economising on the number of turrets means the ship could be shorter or could devote more space to machinery. On the other hand, it meant that a higher proportion of the main battery could be put out of action by a single lucky enemy hit. The first nation to adopt the triple turret was Russia, with their first dreadnoughts of the Gangut classBreyer, p.393-6; first seen in the U.S. Navy in the Nevada class, triple turrets only became popular elsewhere during and after World War I.For instance, the British G3 and N3 designs of 1921; the first German triple-turreted capital ship was Scharnhorst. Several later designs used quadruple turrets, for instance the King George V.Fitzsimons, Volume 15, p.1635, and Volume 24, p.2587, "Washington". The quadruple turrets, however, often suffered from technical difficulties - most famously HMS Prince of Wales in her engagement with the Bismarck.Friedman, Battleship Design and Development, p.132
Main armament Power and Calibre
used on super-dreadnoughts]]Another way to increase the sriking power of a dreadnought was to increase the power of each gun. This could be done by increasing either the calibre of the weapon and hence the weight of shell, or by lengthening the barrel to increase muzzle velocity. Either of these offered the chance to increase range and armour penetration.Both methods offered advantages and disadvantages. As guns fire, their barrels wear out, losing accuracy and eventually requiring replacement. At times, this became a problematic; the U.S. Navy seriously considered stopping practice firing of heavy guns in 1910 because of the wear on the barrels.Friedman Battleship Design and Development, p.129 The higher the muzzle velocity, the more pronounced the problem of gun wear. Heavier shells are also affected less by air resistance, and so retain greater penetrating power at long range. The disadvantages of heavier guns were twofold: firstly, the guns and turrets required weighed much more; and secondly, heavier and slower shells needed to be fired at a higher angle for the same range.Friedman, Battleship Design and Development, p.130Different navies approached the decision of calibre in different ways. The German navy, for instance, generally used a lighter calibre than the equivalent British ships, e.g. 12-inch calibre when the British standard was 13.5-inch. However, because German metallurgy was superior, the German 12-inch gun was superior to the British 12-inch in terms of shell weight and muzzle velocity; and because the German guns were lighter than the British 13.5-inch, German ships could afford more armour.Friedman, Battleship Design and Development, p.130On the whole, however, the calibre of guns tended to increase. In the Royal Navy, the Orion class, launched 1910, used ten 13.5-inch guns, all on the centreline; the Queen Elizabeth class, launched 1913, used eight 15-inch guns. In all navies, the calibre of guns increased and the number of guns tended to decrease to compensate. The fewer guns needed meant distributing them became less of an issue, and centreline turrets became entirely the norm.A further step change was planned for battleships designed and laid down at the end of World War I. The Japanese Nagato class in 1917 carried 16-inch guns, matched by the US Navy's Colorado class. Some designs went still further: the British "N3" class would have carried nine 18-inch guns, and the Japanese planned an un-named class, also with 18-inch armament. However, the Washington Naval Treaty meant these mammoth battleships never got off the drawing board.The trend towards larger calibres was arrested by the Naval Treaties. The Washington Naval Treaty limited battleship guns at 16-inch (406 mm) calibreBreyer, p.72. Later treaties preserved this limit, though reductions of the limit to 11-inch, 12-inch or 14-inch calibre were proposed.Breyer, p.73. The only battleships to break the limit were the Japanese Yamato class, begun in 1937, which carried 460-mm (18.1-inch) main gunsBreyer, p.84. By the middle of World War II, Britain was making use of 15-inch guns built as spares for the Queen Elizabeth class to arm the last British battleship, Vanguard.Breyer, p.82A number of World War II-era designs were drawn up proposing another move towards gigantic armament. The German H-43 and H-44 designs proposed 508-mm (20-inch) guns, and there is evidence that Hitler wanted calibres as high as 609-mm (24-inch)Breyer, p.214; the Japanese 'Super Yamato' design also used 508-mm gunsBreyer, p.367. None of these proposals went further than very preliminary design work.
shows a typical dreadnought protection scheme, with very thick armour protecting the turrets, magazines and engine spaces tapering away in less vital areas; also note the subdivided underwater compartments to prevent sinking.]]Dreadnoughts were protected by thick steel armour around their most vital areas. An armoured warship like a battleship was only of any use in a pitched battle if it could withstand seveal hits from the heaviest weapons it was likely to face and still be able to fight. The critical areas to defend were the engines, main armament and magazines; a hit to the magazines could result in the ship blowing up, while damage to the engines could stop the battleship in the water, making it tactically useless and a sitting duck for further attacks. The question dreadnought designers faced was how to get the most effective protection for their vessels without the weight of armour critically slowing the ship.The earliest dreadnoughts were intended to take part in a pitched battle against other battleships at ranges of up to 10,000 yards. In such an encounter, shells would fly on a relatively flat trajectory. For this reason, the early dreadnoughts' armour was concentrated in a thick belt around the waterline; this had a thickness of 11 in in Dreadnought. Behind this belt were arranged the ship's coal bunkers, to further protect the engineering spaces. To protect the innards of the ship from fragments of shells which detonated on the superstructure, much thinner steel armour was applied to the decks of the ship. Dreadnought carried a total f 2.5 in of deck armour on two decks.The final element of the protection scheme of the first dreadnoughts was the subdivision of the ship below the waterline into several watertight compartments. If the hull was holed - by shellfire, mine, torpedo, or collision - then, in theory, only one area would flood and the ship could survive. To make this precaution even more effective, many dreadnoughts had no hatches between different underwater sections, so that even a surprise hole below the waterline need not sink the ship. However, there were still a number of instances where flooding spread between underwater compartments.During the evolution of the dreadnought, armour schemes changed to reflect the greater risk of plunging shells from long-range gunfire, the increasing threat from both bombs dropped by aircraft and the need to protect battleships more adequately from torpedoes and mines.The threat of plunging fire and bombing meant a greater thickness of steel on the armoured deck, and the amont of protection devoted to the deck increased much more rapidly than did the amount in the main belt. For instance, the Japanese superbattleship Yamato carried a 16.5 in main belt, as opposed to Dreadnought's 11 but a deck as thick as 9 in against Dreadnought's 2 in. The main belt itself was increasingly angled inwards to give a greater effective thickness against low-angle shells.The greatest evolution in dreadnought protection came with the development of the torpedo bulge and torpedo belt, both attempts to protect against underwater damage by mines and torpedoes.
blades, in this case from the Polish destroyer Wicher]]Dreadnoughts were propelled by two to four screw propellors. Dreadnought herself, and all British dreadnoughts, had screw shafts driven by steam turbines. However, the turbine was a very experimental technology; the first generation of dreadnoughts built in other nations used the slower triple-expansion steam engine which had been standard in pre-dreadnought battleships. Within a few years, the turbine was standard for new battleship construction.Turbines were more powerful and more reliable than the older steam engine. They were, however, less fuel-efficient at slower, cruising speeds. To address this, some navies adopted the turbo-electric drive where the steam tubine genereated electrical power whcih then drove the propellors; and ultimately the geared turbine which used mechanical means to get greater efficiency at higher speeds. Turbines were never replaced in battleship design.The first generation of dreadnoughts used coal to fire the boilers which fed steam to the turbines. Coal had been in use since the very first steam warships, but had many disadvantages; it was labour-intensive to pack coal into the ship's bunkers and then feed it into the boilers, which became clogged with ash; coal produced thick black smoke which gave away the position of a fleet. In addition, coal was very bulky and had comparatively low thermal efficiency, meaning navies had to have numerous coaling stations at strategic points around the globe; control of these could, and did, provoke naval battles. The alternative, oil, had many advantages for naval architects and officers at sea alike. It reduced smoke, making ships less vulnerable. It could be fed into boilers automatically, rather than by hand. And it had had higher thermal efficiency and less bulk than coal. For comparable range, much less oil was needed, saving space; using the same volume, much more oil could be carried (much greater bunkerage, technically), providing significantly greater range. The only problem with oil was, every nation except the USA had to import it, a strategic concern which meant oil was only gradually adopted through the First World War and after. Oil's advantages outweighed its drawbacks, and it was not long before all battleships were oil-fired.Interwar, another advantage of oil would appear: it could be more easily transferred between ships, making underway refuelling much simpler, paving the way for the carrier task force, which would replace the battle line.
In 1897 the Royal Navy had 62 battleships in commission or building, a lead of 26 over France and of 50 over Germany,The Rise and Fall of British Naval Mastery, Paul M. Kennedy, ISBN 0-333-35094-4, p.209. and nations as distant (and unlikely to be met in combat) as Brazil could (in theory) match the best Britain had. In November 1906, Dreadnought had the field to herself; there were no challengers. The new class prompted an arms race with serious strategic and economic consequences. Major naval powers raced to build their own dreadnoughts to catch up with the United Kingdom. Possession of modern battleships was not only vital to naval power, but as with nuclear weapons today, represented a nation's standing in the world. Germany, France, Russia, Italy, Austria and the United States all began dreadnought programmes; and second-rank powers including Turkey, Argentina, Brazil and Chile commissioned dreadnoughts to be built in British and American yards.The First World War, John Keegan, ISBN 0-7126-6645-1, p.281.
The Anglo-German arms race
See also: Causes of World War IBritain and Germany had for some years been locked into a strategic struggle, as Germany asserted herself as a colonial as well as a European power. It was this threat which prompted the building of Dreadnought and made a naval arms race between the two nations inevitable.While Fisher's reorganisation of the Navy in 1904 and 1905 actually cut the Naval Estimates,The Rise and Fall of British Naval Mastery, Paul M. Kennedy, ISBN 0-333-35094-4, p. 218. the pressing need for more and better ships to ensure naval superiority caused friction in the British government. The costs of maintaining the Royal Navy at a level capable of taking on the next two navies at the same time were immense.Greger, René, Schlachtschiffe der Welt, pp.11 & 15.The first German response to Dreadnought came with the Nassau-class, laid down in 1907, followed by the Helgoland-class in 1909. Together with two battlecruisers — a type for which the Germans had less admiration than Fisher, but which could be built under authorisation for armored cruisers, rather than capital ships — these classes gave Germany a total of ten modern capital ships built or building in 1909. While the British ships were somewhat faster and more powerful than their German equivalents, a 12:10 ratio fell very short of the 2:1 ratio that the Royal Navy wanted to maintain.In 1909, the British Parliament authorised an additional four capital ships, holding out hope Germany would be willing to negotiate a treaty about battleship numbers. If no such solution could be found, an additional four ships would be laid down in 1910. Even this compromise solution meant (when taken together with some social reforms) raising taxes enough to prompt a constitutional crisis in Britain in 1909-10.In 1910, the British eight-ship construction plan went ahead, including four Orion-class super-dreadnoughts, and augmented by battlecruisers purchased by Australia and New Zealand. In the same period of time, Germany laid down only three ships, giving Britain a superiority of 22 ships to 13. The British resolve demonstrated by their construction programme led the Germans to seek a negotiated end to the arms race. While the Admiralty's new target of a 60% lead over Germany was near enough to Tirpitz's goal of cutting the British lead to 50%, talks foundered on the question on whether British Commonwealth battlecruisers should be included in the count, as well as non-naval matters like the German demands for recognition of her ownership of Alsace-Lorraine.The pace of the dreadnought race stepped up in both nations' 1910 and 1911 budgets, with Germany laying down four capital ships each year and Britain five. The tensions came to a head following the German Naval Law of 1912. This proposed a fleet of 33 German battleships and battlecruisers, outnumbering the Royal Navy in home waters. To make matters worse, the Austro-Hungarian Fleet was building 4 dreadnoughts, while the Italians had four and were building two more. Against such threats, the Royal Navy could no longer guarantee vital British interests. Britain was faced with a choice of building more battleships, withdrawing from the Mediterranean, or seeking an alliance with France. Further naval construction was unacceptably expensive at a time when social welfare provision was making calls on the budget. Withdrawing from the Mediterranean would mean a huge loss of influence, weakening British diplomacy in the Mediterranean and shaking the stability of the British Empire. The only acceptable option, and the one taken by First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill, was to overturn a hundred years of splendid isolation and seek an alliance with France.The Rise and Fall of British Naval Mastery, Paul M. Kennedy, ISBN 0-333-35094-4, p. 224In spite of these important strategic consequences, the 1912 Naval Law had little bearing on the battleship force ratios. Britain responded by laying down ten new super-dreadnoughts in her 1912 and 1913 budgets—ships of the Queen Elizabeth and Revenge classes, which introduced a further step change in armament, speed and protection—while Germany laid down only five, focusing resources on the Army.
U.S. Navy dreadnoughts
The American South Carolina-class battleships were the first all-big-gun ships to be completed by one of Britain's rivals. The planning for the type had begun before the Dreadnought was launched, perhaps aided by secret briefing by sympathetic Royal Navy officials. Construction began in 1906, after the completion of the Dreadnought, and the type had no turbines.Smaller than Dreadnought at 16,000 tons standard displacement, they carried eight 12-inch (305 mm) guns in four twin turrets arranged in superfiring pairs fore and aft along the centerline of the keel. This arrangement gave South Carolina and her sister Michigan a broadside equal to Dreadnought's without requiring the cumbersome wing turrets of the first few British dreadnought classes. The superfiring or superimposed arrangement had not been proven until after South Carolina went to sea, and it was initially feared the weakness of the previous Virginia-class would recur. Half of the first ten U.S. dreadnoughts used the older and less efficient reciprocating engines rather than turbines, which made many U.S. battleships slower than their British counterparts, but gave them much greater range, something of great importance in the Pacific.
With the defeat of the Russians, the Japanese navy became concerned about the potential for conflict with the USA. Japanese theorist Sato Tetsutaro developed the concept of a fleet at a minimum 70% of the U.S.'s. This would enable the Japanese navy to win two decisive battles, the first early in a war, against the US Pacific Fleet, and the second against the US Atlantic Fleet which would inevitably be despatched as reinforcements. Evans and Peattie, KaigunJapan's first priority was to refit the pre-dreadnoughts she had captured from Russia, and to complete Satsuma and Aki. Like the South Carolinas, the Satsumas were designed before Dreadnought, but gun shortages in Britain (which supplied them) delayed her completion and resulted in her carrying a mixed armament, so she was known as a semi-dreadnought. These were followed by a modified Aki-type: Kawachi and Settsu, which were laid down in 1909 and complete in 1912, and were armed with four 12-inch/50, eight 12-inch/45, ten 6-inch/45, and eight 4.7-inch/40. "Although nominally dreadnoughts, these ships did not have a really uniform main battery, since the guns differed in length, and therefore in performance, particularly at very long range."Page 229, Gardiner, Robert and Gray, Randal (ed) Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906 - 1921, Conway Maritime Press, London, 1982. ISBN 0-85177-245-5. This would have made fire control very difficult.
Dreadnoughts in other countries
, a Bretagne-class battleship.]]Compared to the other major naval powers, France was slow to start building dreadnoughts, instead finishing the planned Danton-class of pre-dreadnoughts, laying down five in 1907 and 1908. It was not until September 1910 the first of the Courbet-class was laid down, making France the eleventh nation to enter the dreadnought race. The dreadnought race saw France drop from second to fifth in terms of naval power; however, the closer alliance with Britain made these reduced forces more than adequate for French needs.Even though Cuniberti had promoted the idea of an all-big-gun battleship in Italy well before Dreadnought, it took until 1909 for Italy to lay down one of her own. The construction of Dante Alighieri was prompted by rumours of Austro-Hungarian dreadnought building. A further five Dreadnoughts of the Cavour- and Andrea Doria-class followed as Italy sought to maintain its lead over Austria-Hungary. These ships remained the core of Italian naval strength until World War II. The subsequent Caracciolo-class were cancelled on the outbreak of WWI.In January 1909, Austro-Hungarian admirals circulated a document calling for a fleet of four dreadnoughts. However, a constitutional crisis in 1909-10 meant no construction could be approved. In spite of this, two dreadnoughts were laid down by shipyards on a speculative basis, and later approved along with an additional two. The resulting ships, all Tegetthoff-class, were to be accompanied by a further four ships, but these were cancelled on the outbreak of World War I.In June 1909, the Russian Empire laid down four dreadnoughts of the Gangut-class for the Baltic Fleet and in 1911 three more Imperatritsa Mariya-class dreadnoughts for the Black Sea.Gibbons, p.205 Taking lessons from Tsushima and influenced by Cuniberti, they ended up more closely resembling Fisher's battlecruisers than Dreadnought and proved badly flawed.Fitzsimons, Bernard, editor. "Gangut", in The Encyclopedia of Twentieth Century Weapons and Warfare, Volume 10, p.1086.Spain commissioned three dreadnoughts of the España-class, laying the first down in 1909. The Españas were the lightest dreadnoughts ever built. While built in Spain, the construction was reliant on British assistance.Gibbons, p.195Brazil managed the remarkable achievement of being the third country with a dreadnought under construction, laying down two in British shipyards in 1907. This sparked off a small-scale arms race in South America, as Argentina and then Chile commissioned dreadnoughts. Argentina placed orders in American yards and Chile in Britain, meaning that both of Chile's two battleships were purchased by the British on the outbreak of war. One of them was later returned to the Chilean government.Turkey ordered two dreadnoughts from British yards which were seized by the British while Greece's, ordered from Germany, was taken over by the Germans. The main armament, ordered in the United States, consequently equipped a class of British monitors. Greece in 1914 purchased two pre-dreadnoughts from the United States Navy, renaming them Kilkis and Limnos in Royal Hellenic Navy service.The seizure of the two Turkish dreadnoughts, Reshadiye and Sultan Osman I(HMS Erin and Agincourt) nearing completion in 1914 in Britain, resulted in far-reaching international repercussions. The Turks were outraged by the British move and the Germans saw an opening. Through skillful diplomacy and by handing over the battlecruiser Goeben and the cruiser Breslau, the Germans maneuvered the Ottoman Empire into the Central Powers.Greger, René: Schlachtschiffe der Welt, p. 252
in line]]Even after Dreadnought's commission, battleships continued to grow in size, guns, and technical proficiency as countries vied to have the best ships. By 1914 Dreadnought was obsolete.The arrival of super–Dreadnoughts is not as clearly identified with a single ship in the same way that the Dreadnought era was initiated by HMS Dreadnought. However, it is commonly held to start with the British Orion-class, and for the German navy with the König. What made them "super" was the unprecedented jump in displacement of 2,000–tons over the previous class, the introduction of the heavier 13.5inch (343 mm) gun, and the distribution of all the main armament on the centreline. Thus, in the four years between the laying down of Dreadnought and Orion, displacement had increased by 25%, and weight of broadside had doubled.British super-dreadnoughts were joined by other nations as well. In Japan, two Fuso-class super-dreadnoughts were laid down in 1912, followed by the Ise in 1914, with both classes carrying twelve 14-inch (356 mm) guns. In 1917, the Nagato-class was ordered, the first dreadnoughts to mount guns, possibly making them the most powerful warships in the world. All were increasingly built from Japanese rather than imported components. In France, the Courbets were followed by three super-dreadnoughts of the Bretagne-class; another five Normandie were cancelled on the outbreak of World War One.The later super-dreadnoughts, principally the Queen Elizabeth-class, dispensed with the "Q" turret amidships, so weight and volume were freed up for larger, oil-fired boilers. Oil had many advantages as a fuel over coal. It had more energy density than coal, and its liquid form vastly simplified refuelling arrangements; oil required no stokers, and emitted much less smoke, aiding gun laying and making the ships less visible on the horizon. The new 15 inch gun (381 mm) gave greater firepower in spite of the loss of a turret, and there was a thicker armour belt and improved underwater protection. The class had a 25 knot (46 km/h) design speed and they were considered the first fast battleships.The design weakness of super-dreadnoughts, which distinguished them from post-World War I designs, was armor disposition. Their design placed emphasis on vertical protection, needed in short range battles. These ships were capable of engaging the enemy at 20,000 metres, but were vulnerable to the high angle ("plunging") fire at such ranges. Post-war designs typically had 5 to 6 inches (130 to 150 mm) of deck armor to defend against this. The concept of zone of immunity became a major part of the thinking behind battleship design. Lack of underwater protection was also a weakness of these pre-World War I designs which were developed only as the threat of the torpedo became real.The United States Navy's "standard"-type battleships, beginning with the Nevada-class, or "Battleship 1912", were designed with long-range engagements and plunging fire in mind; the first of these was laid down in 1912, five years before the Battle of Jutland taught the dangers of long-range fire to European navies. Important features of the standard battleships were "all or nothing" armor and "raft" construction, a philosophy under which only the parts of the ship worth giving the thickest possible protection were worth armoring at all, and enough reserve buoyancy should be contained within the resulting armored "raft" to keep afloat the entire ship in the event the unarmored bow and stern were thoroughly riddled and flooded. This design was proven in battle at the Battle of Guadalcanal, when an ill-timed turn by USS South Dakota silhouetted her to Japanese guns. Though she suffered a terrible battering and her bow and stern were riddled and thoroughly flooded, her "raft" remained untouched and she remained both afloat and fully operational at the end of action.
during World War I]]The First World War was almost an anticlimax for the great Dreadnought fleets. There was no decisive clash of modern battlefleets to compare with the Battle of Tsushima. The role of battleships was marginal to the great land struggle in France and Russia; and it was equally marginal to the First Battle of the Atlantic, the battle between German submarines and British merchant shipping.By virtue of geography, the Royal Navy could keep the German High Seas Fleet bottled up in the North Sea with relative ease. Both sides were aware that, because of the greater number of British Dreadnoughts, a full fleet engagement would result in a British victory. The German strategy was therefore to try to provoke an engagement on favourable terms: either inducing a part of the Grand Fleet to enter battle alone, or to fight a pitched battle near the German coastline, where friendly fields, torpedo-boats and submarines could be used to even the odds.The First World War, John Keegan, ISBN 0-7126-6645-1, p. 289The first two years of war saw conflict in the North Sea limited to skirmishes by battlecruisers at the Battle of Heligoland Bight and Battle of Dogger Bank and raids on the English coast. In the summer of 1916, a further attempt to draw British ships into battle on favourable terms resulted in a clash of the battlefleets in the Battle of Jutland: an indecisive engagement.Ireland, Bernard: Jane's War At Sea, pp. 88-95In the other naval theatres there were no decisive pitched battles. In the Black Sea, Russian and Turkish battleships skirmished, but nothing more. In the Baltic, action was largely limited to convoy raiding and the laying of defensive minefields; the only significant clash of battleship squadrons was the Battle of Moon Sound at which one Russian pre-dreadnought was lost. The Adriatic was in a sense the mirror of the North Sea: the Austro-Hungarian dreadnought fleet remained bottled up by British and French blockading fleets. And in the Mediterranean, the most important use of battleships was in support of the amphibious assault on Gallipoli.The course of the war also illustrated the vulnerability of battleships to cheaper weapons. In September 1914, the U-boat threat to capital ships was demonstrated by successful attacks on British cruisers, including the sinking of three British armored cruisers by the German submarine U-9 in less than an hour. Sea mines proved a threat the next month, when the recently commissioned British super-Dreadnought Audacious struck a mine. By the end of October, British strategy and tactics in the North Sea had changed to reduce the risk of U-boat attack.Massie, Robert. Castles of Steel, London, 2005. pp127-145 While Jutland was the only major clash of battleship fleets in history, the German plan for the battle relied on U-boat attacks on the British fleet; and the escape of the German fleet from the superior British firepower was effected by the German cruisers and destroyers closing on British battleships, causing them to turn away to avoid the threat of torpedo attack. Further near-misses from submarine attacks on battleships and casualties amongst cruisers led to growing paranoia in the Royal Navy about the vulnerability of battleships. By October 1916, the Royal Navy had essentially abandoned the North Sea, instructing the Grand Fleet not to go south of the Farne Islands unless adequately protected by destroyers.For the German part, the High Seas Fleet determined not to engage the British without the assistance of submarines; and since the submarines were more needed for commerce raiding, the fleet stayed in port for the remainder of the war.The Rise and Fall of British Naval Mastery, Paul Kennedy, ISBN 0-333-35094-4, pp. 247-249 Other theatres equally showed the role of small craft in damaging or destroying Dreadnoughts. The two Austrian Dreadnoughts lost in 1918 were the casualties of torpedo boats and of frogmen.
After World War I
The great dreadnought fleets came to an end a few years after World War I. The German dreadnought fleet was scuttled in its entirety Scapa Flow by its crew in 1919. Britain, the USA and Japan planned another bout of naval expansion including bigger and more powerful battleships than ever before: 'N3', Kii, and South Dakota classes.Instead of this cripplingly expensive expansion programme, the major naval powers concluded the Washington Naval Treaty in 1922. The Treaty laid out a list of ships, including most of the older dreadnoughts and almost all the newer ships under construction, which were to be scrapped or otherwise put out of use. It furthermore declared a 'building holiday' during which no new battleships or battlecruisers were to be laid down. The ships which survived the treaty, including the most modern super-dreadnoughts of all three navies, formed the bulk of international capital ship strength through the 1920s and 1930s and, with some modernisation, into World War II.From this point on, 'dreadnought' became less widely used. The pre-dreadnought battleships, long obsolete, were almost without exception scrapped in the 1920s to comply with the Washington Treaty, so the term 'dreadnought' became less necessary. Many capital ships, both battleships and battlecruisers, were rebuilt as 'fast battleships'. While still sometimes referred to as dreadnoughts, these ships were the battleships which came to be used in World War II.
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This episode features the rise and fall of Johnny Eng, one of the most notorious drug traffickers in the history of Manhattan's Chinatown. A one-time informant for the DEA, "Machine Gun Johnny" thought he could snitch on all his rivals to monopolize the heroin trade on the eastern seaboard. The special task force set up by the DEA would chase Eng all the way to Hong Kong. Eventually extradited to the U.S., Eng would hire John Gotti's lawyer to defend him against a prosecutor known as "The Dragon Lady."
This episode explores the case of Luis Felipe, also known as "King Blood." From a prison cell, Felipe founded the New York chapter of the Latin Kings street gang. Felipe's own writings would incriminate him as the orchestrator of murders and crimes against his own members. He is now serving a life sentence in solitary confinement.
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People of Hispanic descent have played a major role in shaping American culture throughout history, from Francisco Vasquez de Coronado's pioneering exploration of North America to Sonia Sotomayor's appointment as the first Hispanic woman on the Supreme Court. Yet it took the efforts of hundreds of talented men and women, over a period of decades, to bring the importance of Hispanic culture to the forefront of American consciousness. Biography.com presents the profiles of many of these notable men and women, who encompass the rich legacy of Hispanic heritage, and explores their impact on people around the world—Hispanic and otherwise.
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Aside from their gender, female leaders don't have much else in common. Some have brought peace to troubled lands, while others have strewn discontent. Some have been competent or brilliant, others inept or corrupt. They come from political positions ranging from arch-conservative to ultra-leftist and represent all the world's religions.
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Rachel McAdams is a Canadian actress best known for her roles in Mean Girls, Wedding Crashers, The Time Traveler's Wife, Sherlock Holmes and The Vow.
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Rachel McAdams is a Canadian actress born on November 17, 1978 in London, Ontario, Canada. The former child competitive figure skater discovered her acting passion at age 12. She played a teen diva in her breakout role in the 2004 hit film Mean Girls. The actress has appeared box office hits such as Wedding Crashers, The Family Stone, The Time Traveler's Wife, Sherlock Holmes and The Vow.
"I'm not going to make movies just to make movies. I have to be passionate about it. And at the same time, I can get very distracted when I'm working, and I like to get back to my life a lot."
"God bless The Notebook, it introduced me to one of the great loves of my life." [On co-star Ryan Gosling.]
Canadian actress Rachel McAdams was born on November 17, 1978 in London, Ontario, Canada. Her father, Lance, worked as a mover, and her mother, Sandra, worked as a nurse. Together, they raised McAdams and her younger siblings, sister Kayleen and brother Daniel.
McAdams started competitive figure skating at age 4 and discovered acting at age 12, when she viewed a children's theater group performance. "I told my mother that I had to be in it, that I would die if I wasn't," McAdams said in an interview with The New York Times. Her parents fully supported her ambitions, and McAdams joined the Original Kids Theatre in her hometown.
Through high school, McAdams acted in local productions. She went on to study theater at York University in Toronto, where she performed in several stage and student film productions.
In 2001, McAdams landed her first television performance, playing a bulimic girl in the Disney series The Famous Jett Jackson. She made her film debut one year later, in the Canadian/Italian-produced film My Name is Tanino.
McAdams earned her first significant accolade for a supporting role in 2002's Perfect Pie; for her role in the low-budget film, she was nominated for a Genie Award (Canada's Oscar). With her career now gaining momentum, McAdams moved to Los Angeles, where she was cast opposite Rob Schneider in the 2002 comedy The Hot Chick. Later, in an interview with Vogue magazine, she amitted that the movie—her first film in the United States—was a "huge milestone" for her. McAdams returned to Canada soon after, and appeared in the TV series Slings and Arrows (2003), for which she won a Genie Award.
McAdams played a title role in the hit teen film Mean Girls (2004), written by Saturday Night Live alum Tina Fey. Appearing with co-stars Lindsay Lohan and Amanda Seyfried, the film opened doors for the budding actress. That same year, she played the lead role in The Notebook (2004), a screen adaptation of Nicholas Sparks's romance novel. She caught the eye of the public in both films, winning two MTV Movie Awards in 2005 (for breakthrough female (Mean Girls) and best kiss (The Notebook).
In 2005, McAdams appeared in several films that achieved great commercial success, including the comedy Wedding Crashers, the thriller Red Eye and the comedy The Family Stone.
In what many in the industry viewed as an unusual move made at the height of her career, McAdams took a break from 2006 to 2007 to focus on herself.
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- For other places called Lodi, see Lodi.
Lodi is a town in Lombardy, Italy, on the right shore of the river Adda. It is the capital of the province of Lodi.
The commune has an area of 41,42 sq. km; population (2001) 40,805. Its name is pronounced by Italians as LAW-dee.
It was a Celtic village that in Roman times was called in Latin Laus Pompeia (probably in honor of the consul Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo) and was known also because its position allowed many Gauls of Gallia Cisalpina to obtain Roman citizenship. It was in an important position at the crossing of vital Roman roads.
In became a Catholic diocese and its first bishop, Saint Bassiano , (319-409), is the patron saint of the town (celebrated on January 19).
A free Comune (municipality) around 1000, it fiercely resisted the Milanese, who destroyed it in April 24 1158. Frederick Barbarossa re-built it on its current location.
Starting from 1220, the Lodigiani (inhabitants of Lodi) spent some decades in realizing an important work of hydraulic engineering: a system of miles and miles of artificial rivers and channels (called Consorzio di Muzza) was created in order to give water to the countryside, turning some arid areas into one of the (still now) most important agricultural areas of the region.
Lodi was ruled by the Visconti family, who built a castle.
In 1423, the antipope Antipope John XXIII, from Lodi's Duomo, launched his bolla by which he convened the Council of Constance (end of the Great Schism).
In 1454 representatives from all the regional states of Italy met in Lodi to sign the treaty known as the peace of Lodi, by which they intended to work in the direction of Italian unification, but this peace lasted only 40 years.
The town was then ruled by the Sforza family, France, Spain, Austria. In 1786 it became the eponymous capital of a province that included Crema.
On May 10, 1796: Battle of Lodi: the young Corsican general Napoleon Bonaparte won on the river Adda his first important battle, defeating the Austrians and later entering Milan. This is why in many towns there are streets dedicated to the famous bridge (for instance in Paris 6th arrondissement, Rue du Pont de Lodi).
In 1945, the Italian petrol company Agip, directed by Enrico Mattei, started extracting methane from its fields, and Lodi was the first Italian town with a regular domestic gas service. | <urn:uuid:c3de8023-c4eb-43a2-b824-c31a8b54402c> | 2013-05-21T17:30:15Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Pallas's Fish Eagle
(Redirected from Pallas's Sea Eagle)
76-84 cm (30-34 in) in length and its wingspan can reach 205 cm (81 in). Light brown hood over a white face. Dark brown wings, rufous back, darker underneath. The tail is black with a wide, distinctive white stripe. Underwings have a white band. Juveniles are overall darker with no band on the tail.
This species is the most hard-to-place sea-eagle. Among the species of its genus, it has no close living relatives. mtDNA cytochrome b sequence data is unable to reliably suggest a phylogenetic place for it among the sea-eagles.
Lakes and large rivers, sometimes inland seas, sometimes coastal in winter.
Its diet consists primarily of large freshwater fish.
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Meals on wheels
Hot or frozen meals
If you find it difficult to prepare hot meals for yourself, you could look at getting your meals in the following ways.
- have hot or frozen meals delivered to your home,
- choose to have your meal in a social setting like a lunch club or day centre
- you could arrange for a carer to come to your home to support you to prepare a meal.
For more information about hot meals, please see the 'Hot meals' page on this website.
For more information about frozen meals, please see the 'Frozen meals' page on this website. | <urn:uuid:9c2c8007-a24d-49f4-8379-c74fd48207b8> | 2013-05-21T17:39:33Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Merry Christmas I made a new Archive page
Thank you so much for the lovely gift.
- 25 December 2012 - 05:29 PM
It's funny but understandable how the first volume is encouraged to be saved for the last. What a shame it isn't a feasible endeavor to perform a complete update of the first volume.
- 26 December 2012 - 01:58 AM
- 26 December 2012 - 06:50 AM | <urn:uuid:57243184-c801-4094-b3a6-1dcdb44f3e64> | 2013-05-21T17:16:12Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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Before 1680 the ancient towns and villages
now absorbed in Greater London were rarely considered important
enough to be mapped in their own right. From the 1680s, as the
villages became socially and economically integrated into the
London region, this changed. They were shown like stars surrounding
the central sun of London, which had previously been depicted
only with the villages of Middlesex, north of the Thames. Road
surfaces improved considerably from the late 18th century.
Coaches began to run regularly between the
centre of town and the outlying villages and it became possible
for businessmen to live permanently in their country villas with
their families and commute on a daily basis. Nevertheless, despite
their increasing integration with London, most villages were still
surrounded by fields in 1850.
Click the pins on the Google Map above or
follow the links below to view some of the key maps from this
period in our Online Gallery.
Survey of the Parish of Islington, 1735
Plan of a proposed Turnpike road from Marylebone to Finchley, 1824
Plan of the Fitz Roy Farm and Highgate Estate, 1840
View of the Highgate Archway Road, 1813
View from Hampstead looking towards London, 1800
of sight: the East End | <urn:uuid:28c9ed69-6b23-4934-ab41-2bb092ab8fd0> | 2013-05-21T17:32:14Z | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | [
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