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“The success of the Varia in Spain and in Latin America was extraordinary, being a compendium in a single volume of distinct fields of artistic and scientific knowledge, the borders of which were not at the time established with the same categorical precision as they are today” (Bonet Correa, 157). Books Two and Four are the two most historically influential parts of the Varia. Book Two, on human anatomy, is divided into four subchapters on proportion, osteology, myology and foreshortening of the human figure. Arfe claims here a number of influences, including Dürer’s treatise on proportion (1528) and Juan Valverde de Amusco’s interpretations of Vesalius’ Fabrica, but he also mentions the artists Pollaiuolo, Baccio Bandinelli, Raphael, Donatello, Mantegna, Michelangelo and the Spaniards Pedro Berruguete and Gaspar Bezerra (ff. 1v-2v). Arfe comes to the practice of artistic anatomy having spent time as a student training in the dissection theater under the direction of the famed physician Cosme de Medina (d. 1591) at the University of Salamanca (f. 25v), leading scholars to remark that “Nowhere in an Iberian context was the close, even dependent, relationship between anatomists and artists more evident than in Juan de Arfe y Villafañe’s Varia … the Libro segundo is a rare and unique source produced by an anatomically trained artist of the late Spanish Renaissance” (Skaarup, 246). According to Choulant, the Varia “should… be considered the earliest of the numerous works which dealt with anatomy for graphic and plastic artists…” (Choulant, p. 32).
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Book Three of the Varia, on the proportions of animals, draws heavily from Conrad Gessner’s four-volume Historiae Animalium (1551-8) and includes, along with depictions of more common birds and quadrupeds, the images of an elephant, camels, ostrich, and Dürer’s famed rhinoceros. Arfe’s horse recalls the equestrian statues of the Italian Renaissance and serves as a reminder that establishing the precise proportions of the horse was also a preoccupation of such artists as Leonardo (in the Codex Huygens) and Sebald Beham (Proporcion der Ross, 1528).
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In Book 4, Arfe writes of the Roman ruins in Spain, the architecture of Bramante, Baldassare Peruzzi, and Alberti, as well as modern Spanish architects and those goldsmiths whose work (on liturgical vessels) can be characterized as ‘micro-architecture,’ beginning with the metalwork of his grandfather. Arfe illustrates the classical Orders based on Serlio, adding a sixth ‘Attic’ order, and treats various aspects of architectural ornament. At the time of its publication, the Varia was only the second original architectural treatise composed in Spanish – following Diego de Sagredo’s famed Medidas del Romano (1526) and derivative works of translation such as Villalpando’s Tercero y Quarto libro de Serlio (1552), Zamorano’s Diez Libros de Architectura of Alberti (1582), Miguel de Urrea’s Vitruvio (1582) (Fajardo, 130; Bonet Correa, 158). “Arfe’s treatise, with its more timeless character, transcended its own era” (Bonet Correa, 158). Although the Medidas del Romano of Diego Sagredo appeared in three Spanish editions and further French and Portuguese translations, its emphasis on the ‘Plateresque’ style of architecture contributed to the waning of its popularity during the 17th century, even as the popularity of Arfe’s treatise increased.
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Arfe extends Book 4 with a highly original discussion of metalwork, in which he aligns his own specialty with the more theoretically sophisticated field of pure architecture. His woodcuts of liturgical items (monstrance, chalice, aquamanile, crosier, crosses, candelabra, censer, etc.) are given a rigorous proportional treatment, with more sophisticated ‘micro-architecture’ custodias being shown in plan as well as in elevation, in the manner of full-scale buildings. Some of these illustrations depict surviving works by Arfe, while others are taken to be designs for lost or still unidentified pieces. It should be noted that while Arfe – despite the popularity of his treatise – perhaps was unable in his time to elevate his craft as a theoretically complex art alongside painting, sculpture and architecture, in recent times, art-historical research has vindicated his contention that metalwork of the highest quality should be prized not only for its pure material value and symbolic-liturgical importance, but also for its participation in the wider debates about the nature of representation, the supremacy of panting vs. sculpture vs. architecture, etc.
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Books One, Two and Four of the Varia are dated 1585 on their colophons, while Book 3 is dated 1587. The first two books are occasionally found bound without Books 3 and 4, and it is surmised that the final two books appeared in 1587 (in spite of the 1585 date on Book 4), after an interruption in printing caused by a fire or a controversy about privileges, at which point the complete work was bound together as seen in the present copy (Fajardo, 72-2; Bonet Correa, 159).
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Juan de Arfe was the third in a line of renowned metalworkers originally hailing from Germany – following his grandfather, Enrique, and father, Antonio – and is known to have been active in Valladolid, Sevilla, and Madrid. His custodias (monstrances) at the Cathedral of Sevilla and Avila remain celebrated works of Renaissance goldsmithing in the classical mode, showing the influence of Donatello and Bramante, among others. “Arfe’s last sculptural works of life-size human figures, such as the exquisite tomb monument for the Archbishop of Seville, Don Cristóbal de Rojas, reveal his development as a leading naturalist of the late Spanish Renaissance” (Skaarup, 253; see principally Sanz, and Fajardo for Arfe’s artistic activity). In addition to the Varia, Arfe published Quilatador de plata, oro y piedras (1572) and Descripción de la traça y ornato de la custodia de plata de la Sancta Yglesia de Sevilla (1587), both short tracts on metalwork.
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The present copy, intriguingly, carries the apparent signature of Arphe himself on the bottom margin of the title page. This exact signature is also present in the same location in copies now at the Biblioteca Nacional de España and the Biblioteca de Castilla y Léon (effaced), a detail which might shed further light on the early publication history of the Varia.
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* Palau 16055; Adams A2003; CCBE s. XVI A2101; Salvá 2556; L. Choulant, Anatomic Illustration, M. Frank, trans., pp. 218-21; J. L. C. Fajardo, Perceptiva gráfica de Juan de Arfe: Análisis y transcendecia de su Teoría Artística sobre la figura humana, esp. pp. 72-; María Jesús Sanz, Juan de Arfe Villafañe y la Custodia de la Catedral de Sevilla; José Carlos Brasas Edigo, “Juan de Arfe in Valladolid,” in María Jesús Sanz, ed., Centenario de la Muerte de Juan de Arfe (1603-2003), pp. 67-92; Antonio Bonet Correa, “La Obra Teórica de Juan de Arfe,” in María Jesús Sanz, ed., Centenario de la Muerte de Juan de Arfe (1603-2003), pp. 143-71; B. O. Skaarup, Anatomy and Anatomists in Early Modern Spain; B. Röhrl, Zeichnungen von Leonardo da Vinci als Buchillustrationen, 1509 bis 1600; H.-W. Kruft, A History of Architectural Theory from Vitruvius to the Present.
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The thrill is gone, or at least that is how you feel. You may realize that the dream that once energized you is beginning to lose its spark. Employees are not inspired, stakeholders are becoming colorless and you simply cannot remember why you even started this business in the first place.
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We have a solution! Our rebranding process focuses on the history of why you started your company. We are experts at rejuvenating a brand with our fun and unconventional methods to restore the fire and passion within your organization. Rebranding looks different for many companies, organizations and churches. It may encompass picking a Nue name or implementing a Nue business model. We understand that while these changes are taking place, businesses must still work to connect and communicate with customers.
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Is it possible to start the rebranding process without losing your audience and disappointing your current customers? Yes!
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2. What is your brand equity?
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3. Should we condense your service offerings?
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4. Is there a problem with your current brand?
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5. Does your brand story connect with your audience?
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6. Has your target demographic changed?
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7. Is your current brand material outdated?
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8. What type of brand experience do you want to provide?
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9. Is your messaging clear?
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10. Is your brand memorable?
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So what is the first step to getting reignited about your dream again? Let us start the conversation by simply filling out the contact form below and one of our Brand Experts would LOVE to speak with you.
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I can't wait to have fun!
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A Bullseye View “Perspectives” is a forum for Target’s top executives to share their point of view on everything from industry trends to best business practices. In the story below, Jodee Kozlak, Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer, details Target’s decision to sign the amicus brief on marriage equality.
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If you’ve been a fan or follower of Target for some time, you’ve likely heard us say those words. You may have heard us talk about our long-standing commitment to inclusivity and diversity. Those aren’t just words. They are how we conduct ourselves – as a business and as a team. And as a part of that belief, we continually evaluate where we are as a company to ensure we are taking steps that balance doing what is right for our business, guests and for our team.
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It is in that same spirit that, this week, Target joined several other national companies to sign on to an amicus brief in support of marriage equality. The brief is currently pending in the Seventh Circuit.
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Dr. Stoner’s, a local hand crafted Whiskey & Vodka Producer, debuted at Archibald’s on September 28. The taste is unmistakeable as soon as you take the first sip.
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As a fan of hand-crafted spirits, Dr. Craig Stoner began to investigate the possibilities of using special herbal combinations to make completely unique taste sensations. It was not long before his interest and curiosity turned into a passion to make spirits of such unique and fine quality that he would want to put his name, his picture, and his signature on every bottle. Working with only the finest natural ingredients, he tirelessly attempted to get the right balance of floral, pungent, spicy, fruity, herbaceous, smoky, and unique flavors and aromas. Countless combinations of herbs and spirits were prepared and tested. Only when the combinations were just right did Dr. Stoner give his stamp of approval.
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Come by Archibald’s and ask for Dr. Stoners Vodka or Whisky and taste what everyone’s talking about. At Archibald’s, call it ” Sip, Sip, Pass “.
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Can someone tell me what the distance between the feet of the 2019 Q70R (QN75Q70RAFXZA)? I am expecting delivery of it and want to know if my current furniture console is wide enough to hold the stand. Thanks.
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Product Size (W x H x D) With Stand66" x 41.3" x 14.2"
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Product Size (W x H x D) Without Stand66" x 37.8" x 2.4"
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Stand Size (WxHxD)2.5" x 9.2" x 14.2"
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The data section of the JMP website includes interactive data visualisation tools which enable users to explore the JMP global database and to create, edit, download and share custom charts and data tables.
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The JMP has also developed a series of screencasts explaining how users can get the most out of the global database. These screencasts are aimed at people who have a basic understanding of the JMP indicators and an interest in data analysis.
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The JMP global database includes nearly 5,000 national datasets enabling the production of estimates for over 200 countries, areas, and territories. National, regional and global estimates can be explored online or downloaded for further analysis.
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The JMP has published global updates since 1990, and regularly produces regional and country data snapshots, briefing notes, thematic reports and technical documents.
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The JMP monitors WASH at the household level and also in schools and health care facilities. JMP reports focus on inequalities in service levels between rural and urban, sub-national regions, rich and poor and other population sub-groups where data permit.
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The JMP is jointly managed by WHO and UNICEF, and collaborates with partners at the country, regional and global levels. This section describes how the JMP works and how it is governed and financed.
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Contact us | UNICEF Legal | Site by Agile Collective and Outlandish - a CoTech collaboration.
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Chicken wings are all-American and teriyaki is an all-Japanese method of cooking. Trust me when I tell you, if you walk into a restaurant in Japan, you aren't likely to find teriyaki chicken wings on their menu. That said, Japanese teriyaki sure does turn out a really good version of American chicken wings, however, unlike our traditionally-prepared wings, which are typically plunged into the hot oil of a deep fryer, teriyaki wings, in order to render their signature fall-off-the-bone tender interior with a slightly-crispy, sticky exterior, they require a kinder, gentler treatment.
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Broil until bubbly & charring, turning once, 3 minutes per side. Allow wings to rest, on pan, for 4-6 minutes -- just do it.
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Japanese Teriyaki Meets American Chicken Wings: Recipe yields 1 1/2 cups teriyaki sauce and 16-20 chicken wings.
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Cook's Note: While related by sauce, when it comes cooking anything teriyaki-style, depending on what it is, each food gets treated and cooked a bit differently. Two examples are my recipes for ~ Open Sesame: Japanese Teriyaki Steak Skewers ~, and, ~ Japanese-Style Oven-Broiled Teriyaki-Style Cod Fish ~.
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Royal Dutch Shell Plc and Equinor ASA said they’re committed to a project that will allow the export of natural gas from Tanzania.
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Proposals to build a $30 billion liquefied-natural-gas plant (LNG), in gestation since 2014, have been clouded by policy uncertainty in Tanzania’s extractives industry. Investor sentiment toward the East African nation has been soured by the government’s overhaul of mining legislation that’s enabled it to renegotiate contracts.
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Still, companies involved in the country’s gas industry maintain they’re prepared to move forward.
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“For now, the focus is on agreeing to the Host Government Agreement that is to set the legislative, regulatory and fiscal terms for the project,” Sally Donaldson, a spokeswoman for Shell, said in an emailed response to questions. Before a final investment decision is reached, an engineering study must be conducted that will last about two years and cost hundreds of millions of dollars, she said. Construction of the plant is expected to take as long as five years.
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Negotiations on the HGA have been continuing “for some time, and the actual commencement of construction seems to be a long way off,” said Jacques Nel, an analyst at NKC Africa Economics in Paarl, South Africa.
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“The government’s hard-line approach to dealing with large foreign investors in the natural resources sector also puts a dampener on foreign investor sentiment, particularly when considering the magnitude and timelines of LNG investments,” he said.
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The government is working on ways to enable the project to proceed, according to Kapuulya Musomba, acting managing director of the Tanzania Petroleum Development Corp. In April, it invited bids for a transaction adviser to negotiate terms of the project, which was originally scheduled for completion in 2020.
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Equinor is the operator and holds the majority of the working interest in Block 2. Exxon Mobil Corp., which has a 35 percent stake, said it’s cooperating with the government to realize the LNG project.
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Shell and Ophir Energy Plc hold interests in Tanzania’s Blocks 1 and 4.
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The latest copy of the student magazine Critic caused a stir this week after its controversial “The Menstruation” issue.
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The magazine was quickly removed from the Otago University campus on Monday night after staff deemed the cartoon cover to be inappropriate.
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It wasn’t long before a Dunedin local listed a copy of the free magazine on Trade Me for a cool $40. This is a great example of one of our members trying to make a bit of money and some noise about an issue that's getting a lot of attention in the media.
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With over 4,100 views, bidding for this piece of student media history has reached $80 and the auction closes on Tuesday.
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At Cosmetic Dentists of Houston, our dental crowns and onlays are metal-free and fabricated from durable and highest quality US-made materials. For more information about crown technology, the quality of our materials and what to expect from the dental crown procedure, please see Dental Crowns, Onlays and Bridges.
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The average cost of a porcelain dental crown at Cosmetic Dentists of Houston ranges from $1800 – $2500. Each crown is custom designed by world-class ceramists in our laboratories in Idaho, using highest quality US-made non-metal materials.
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You may find less expensive crowns, but we promise you that you will never find higher quality work anywhere else.
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Because Porcelain onlays are more difficult than crowns and require more precision to create, many dentists do not even offer them. Dr. Canto, however, is an expert in the art of porcelain onlays and will recommend them to her patients as needed.
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A well-done dental onlay conserves healthy tooth structure and is gentler on the gums than a crown. Generally the cost of an onlay is about the same as the cost of a porcelain crown.
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If you are in the Houston Texas area, please contact us for a free, no-risk porcelain crown and onlay consultations to get a more exact estimate.
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Dr. Canto strongly believes in personalized education for each of her patients and will be happy to consult with you to help you decide if dental crowns, onlays or bridges are right for you.
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Call 713-622-1977 or come visit our Houston Galleria office for a Porcelain Crown or Onlay Consultation.
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Learn more about your dental options and get all your cosmetic dentistry questions answered by Dr. Amanda Canto, DDS.
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Fit Green Protein is a 100% plant-based protein powder made from high quality pea proteins. Fit Green Protein has a complete amino acid profile and is a great choice for anyone who is serious about building a fit and healthy body.
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Why 'Fit Green Protein' protein shake?
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Fit Green Protein is a premium source of protein that contains all the essential and non-essential amino acids. Proteins (amino acids) are the building blocks for every cell in our bodies and help to maintain, repair and build muscle after training.
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Fit Green Protein is made from high quality pea proteins and pure plant-based ingredients. It is also fat free, low in sugar and contains more amino acids than any other plant-based protein.
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Fit Green Protein is hypoallergenic and totally free from lactose, soy, wheat and gluten that can cause bloating, gas or skin problems. This pure composition makes Fit Green Protein very suitable and safe to use for people that suffer from allergies or sensitivities.
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Fit Green Protein is a perfect combination of high quality plant-based ingredients. These carefully selected ingredients are not only great for your health, but also give Fit Green Protein its rich taste and delicious flavour.
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Fit Green Protein is also suitable for vegetarians, vegans and people that want to avoid products such as whey, casein or egg protein.
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Fit Green Protein has been approved by the Netherlands Security System Nutritional Supplements Elite Sports (NZVT). Fit Green Protein has been tested safe for use by top athletes complying with anti-doping regulations and this allows them to truly focus on their athletic performance.
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Discovered a tasty protein shake for the first time. Also delicious with the overnight oats (mango / peach) or in banana bread (chocolate)!
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Super satisfied, especially with lactose and gluten intolerance. Recording is much better than with other shakes.
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Now have the protein vanilla and chocolate shake, and am very happy with it.
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Tasty flavors and does not clump.
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2. Add 1 scoop Fit Green Protein.
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Sweetened with a natural sweetener. Keep dry and cool. Perishable after opening. Fit Green Protein is made at a location where milk, egg and soy can also be processed.
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It’s November! The time when business owners’ thoughts turn to planning and year-end tax saving strategies. One always worth mentioning, and no less so for 2013, if the trusty Section 179 deduction.
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At that level of savings, it pays to investigate further. As always, talk to your accountants and tax advisers. But remember, expenditures must be made by the end of next month, that is, by end of year.
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Diana Henry's Chocolate & Extra Virgin Olive Oil Cake Recipe.
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This cake has been following me for a long time, but this variation is a new addition. It's very easy to make, but as usual, make sure to use incredibly good chocolate, dark, dairy free.
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Break the chocolate into pieces and place in a heatproof bowl set over a pan of simmering water (bain-marie). Stir occasionally to help the chocolate to melt and avoid lumps on the side.
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Once it's completely melted, whisk in the oil in a steady stream. Then add two-thirds of the sugar, keep whisking: this will help the sugar dissolve in the heat of the chocolate. Remove from the heat.
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Stir in the ground hazelnuts, check the temperature of the chocolate is lukewarm and add the egg yolks (you don't want to scramble the eggs!).
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Place the egg whites into a clean bowl with about one third of the remaining sugar. Beat with an electric whisk until the whites are no longer clear, then add another third of the sugar. Continue beating until the whites have really increased in volume, then add the rest of the sugar and beat until you have medium peaks (firm with tips that droop slightly).
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Using a really large metal spoon, loosen the chocolate mixture by folding in a big tablespoon of the egg whites, then fold in the rest carefully so that you don't lose air.
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Scrape the batter into the prepared tin and bake for 40 minutes. Test by inserting a fine skewer into the centre of the cake. If it comes out clean, with no batter attached, the cake is ready.
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Leave it to cool in the tin: don't worry if it deflate and crack a lot, but that's the beauty of this cake. Crispy on the top, moisty and luscious on the inside.
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Put on to a plate and dust with icing sugar before serving. Enjoy!
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If you've been around traditional/paleo/real foodies for any length of time, the subject of coconut oil has probably come up.
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Coconut oil is a saturated fat that most people unfortunately believe is the cause of health problems such as heart disease, cancer, and weight gain. This false accusation has made us into a low-fat society of “I Can't Believe It's Not Butter” huggers.
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But unlike the popular fats like canola oil, vegetable oil, and wannabe butter spreads, saturated fats (animal fats and tropical oils like coconut oil and palm oil) are actually the healthiest fats you can eat and use in a variety of ways.
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Here are 5 reasons to eat coconut oil, plus 5 ways to use it. (In case you're counting, that adds up to 10.) Including 33 recipes!
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From the very beginning of life, saturated fats (coconut oil is 92% saturated) are beneficial. They contain lauric acid, the same fatty acid found in breast milk, which makes them essential for brain development, from newborns to those suffering from Alzheimer's.
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Low-fat dieters may be appalled at the thought, but eating coconut oil will actually help you maintain a healthy weight and boost your metabolism. Saturated fats are directly absorbed into your body for quick energy. They boost metabolism and stimulate weight loss.
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According to several doctors, including Dr. Bruce Fife, coconut oil can help protect you from heart disease, cancer, and other degenerative conditions.
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5. Bacteria, fungus, and viruses.
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Coconut oil helps protect your body from bacteria, fungus, and viruses, and increases immune responses in HIV cases.
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