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A brain can perform tasks more complex than the sum of the brain parts involved We measure this difference (Phi) Phi correlates well with fitness / evolution (Edlund 2011) Fitness implies minimally required Phi Only engineered or unrealistic systems have been measured Phi could be used to quantitatively diagnose brain states (Fig.1) Here we measure Phi of a detailed model organism interacting with a fully modelled physical environment There are several potential challenges Will the temporal effect of Phi be problematic? We expect a Minimum Phi Fitness effect. Is this true? Toward the Measure of a Brain J. Schossau, C. Adami - Department of Computer Science & Engineering - Michigan State University Conclusions The measure called Phi could be useful to aid basic research on cognition and consciousness or help doctors quantitatively diagnose states of mental existence. However, complexity of performing this measure mandates a controlled environment and neuron-precision measurements. We've shown the first application of this measure to a sufficiently realistic simulation of a highly detailed modelled forward locomoting C. elegans and realistic environment. This work is the first step toward making the detailed version of Phi measure a biological reality and we validate the model by comparison to previous work. Introduction 1 Used a detailed differential equation based neurological model of C. elegans forward locomotion by Jan Karbowski et al Results All double and single ablations collectively show the characteristic Minimum Phi Fitness effect (red line). The system performs similarly to other systems that are a product of evolution. There is no large temporal effect on measuring Phi in a real system, which was originally thought to be biggest problem. Phi as a measure of information integration can be useful in many other contexts, such as evolutionary computation. For instance, we're studying Phi's effect on evolvability concerning a primary fitness criterion. Another direct application of Phi which we're pursuing is to aid in developing technology to automatically detect breast cancer. Fig. 1 Consciousness is not on or off, but a gradient. Phi could help us quantitatively measure this gradient. (Noirhomme 2010) Brain death Coma VS MCS LIS Fig. 2 Original model by Karbowski. Continuoum of Consciousness Fig. 3 Recreated DiffEQ results. Muscle activations over time. Fig. 4 Ablated Neurons to test Phi measure and behavioral effect. 3 Created a fully 3-D virtual world and an articulated virtual worm body with muscles to enable environmental interaction driven by the mathematical neural model 2 Implemented this model as a computational simulation and recreated their results 4 Recorded neural activity as the worm wiggled through the environment, then calculated Phi from the recordings Fig. 4 Initial 3-D virtual worm. 5 Performed neural ablation experiments (knockouts) to validate experimental setup. We expected the resulting diversity of architectures to exhibit the Minimum Phi Fitness effect. (see Fig. 5) Fig. 5 Current 3-D virtual worm. Delta Distance Fig. 5 Minimum Phi Fitness effect 0 Delta Phi Each dot represents one replicate from all neural ablation experimental conditions. Some are single ablation and others are double ablations. The distribution shows that better task ability requires a minimum of ability to integrate information (phi) and suggests the system is a reasonable representation of an evolved decision-making network. (Edlund 2011) [ Jory @ msu . edu ] Thanks To BEACON — Paul Allen Foundation — ICER Methods | poster |
CLARIAH-DE Work Package 3 Skills Training and Promotion of Junior Researchers Goals For a research field that is characterised by rapid technical development, CLARIAH-DE has to include the promotion of data literacy necessary for the efficient use of this digital research infrastructure as part of its objective. To develop, consolidate and refine a common programme in this area, work package 3 set itself the following sub goals: Task and Co-Taskleaders: Fotis Jannidis (Institute for German Philology, Würzburg University) Andreas Witt (Leibniz-Institute for the German Language, Mannheim) Centralised search For finding recommended teaching and training materials of digital research tools, methods and approaches work package 3 developed a centralised service in close cooperation with work package 4. The Tutorial Finder is targeted at enabling: ●students to acquire or deepen knowledge in self-study. ●lecturers to find materials to use in their teaching. ●researchers to acquire new methods, to discover new resources or to achieve international visibility of their material and research. ●the general public to get a quick and easy overview of available materials. Courses Work package 3 analysed abstracts on quantitative text analysis from Digital Humanities conferences to identify gaps in the range of courses. It closed remaining gaps by writing tutorials tailored to the needs of the target audience: ●Word Embeddings – Machine Learning for NLP ●Linear Algebra – Introduction for researchers from the Humanities and Cultural Sciences ●Statistics – Overview of quantitative methods ●Digital Editions – Workflow for Digital Editions Promotion of junior researchers Training and promotion of junior researchers are based on durable teaching materials for interdisciplinary reach, targeted training courses with greater impact on specific disciplinary communities and individual support for junior researchers. Junior Researchers were enabled to participate in conferences relevant to their current research. Travel grant winners share their reflections: ●Nadine Sutor: „I know you from Twitter // #DHd2020” ●Ramona Roller: DHd 2020 - “What is a model and why do we need it?” The CLARIAH-DE Tutorial Finder Analysis of 164 abstracts from Digital Humanities conferences Selected Events: ●2019: European Summer University in Digital Humanities → "Culture & Technology" ●2019: Topic Modeling Workshop → "Topic Modelling. Hands-on Training and Discussion Session" ●2020: Poster presentation → „Authentic spoken data and applied conversation analysis as a resource for the improvement of communicative competence in healthcare“ at the → „Teaching and Language Corpora Conference“ ●2021: Lecture series on "Digital Humanities – Theorie und Methodik ‘Data Literacy and Digital Humanities’" Skills training of, individual support for and the promotion of junior researchers Cataloguing and reflecting on the methods and tools used in the research field, with the aim of identifying remaining gaps. Consolidation of the activities from the previous projects into a joint service Reflecting on the methods and tools used in the research field to identify and cloe remaining gaps Poster of the European Summer University, 2019 Twitter post for Dhd 2020 | poster |
@ F A C E I TA rc t i c @ F A C E I TA rc t i c @ fa c e _i t _a rc t i c @ The F A C E -I T Pro j e c t www.face-it-project.eu FACE-IT has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 869154. @ No ra _D i e hl No r a D i e hl M a ri ne B o t a ny U ni ve rs i t y o f B re m e n ndi e hl@ uni -b re m e n. de Fig. 2 Experimental set-up using adult sporophytes of L. hyperborea. w = week: w0, w4, w8, w12 = experimental samplings Fig. 1 Dots mark the current distribution of L. hyperborea. Orange line marks AMAP borders. Will L. hyperborea be able to spread throughout the High Arctic under future climatic conditions? Photoperiod and temperature interactions drive the latitudinal distribution of kelps under climate change Nora Diehl1,2*, Philipp Laesekea, Inka Bartsch2, Margot Bligh1,3, Hagen Buck-Wiese3, Jan-Hendrik Hehemann1,3, Sarina Niedzwiedz1, Niklas Plag4,5, Ulf Karsten4,6, Tifeng Shan7 & Kai Bischof1 Background: Due to global rise of temperatures, recent studies predict an expansion of kelps to higher latitudes. One of these is the cold-temperate kelp Laminaria hyperborea. It has been shown in different single-factorial experiments to survive several months of cold temperatures and darkness. Therefore, it is striking that it has not yet spread throughout the high Arctic. Aim: Find strategies how L. hyperborea can to acclimate to past, present and future conditions in the Arctic. Introduction Laminaria hyperborea is a dominant and important European bioengineering species. As ‘season anticipator’, it grows at low temperatures and during the short days of winter and early spring. Long and polar day conditions have been shown to restrict its growth. To investigate the potential ability of L. hyperborea to invade high Arctic sites under future warming scenarios, we conducted a long- term multifactorial experiment using tissue of adult sporophytes from Porsáŋgguvuotna/Porsangerfjord, Finnmark, Northern Norway – a site close to its northernmost distribution margin. Material & Methods Physiological Results & Discussion We quantified the physiological conditions of L. hyperborea and biochemical metabolites, including storage carbohydrates, under polar night, polar day and long day conditions at 0, 5 and 10°C. Cold temperatures in combination with light stressed L. hyperborea, while long polar night conditions did not harm it at any temperature (Fig. 1). Still, samples gained weight under light treatments, due to their physiological modulation to accumulate carbohydrates as reserves for winter (Fig. 2). The physiological results strongly indicate that L. hyperborea is restricted only by the long cold light periods in the Arctic and will benefit from increasing temperatures in summer. The warmer the Arctic becomes, the better L. hyperborea will cope with polar day. New species can have multiple consequences on the functioning of marine ecosystems. The stipe of L. hyperborea is rich in epibiont assemblages, which act, for example, as food source for associated mobile species, such as fish and sea urchins. Hence, the spread of L. hyperborea in the High Arctic will have cascading effects on the entire ecosystem. ©Uli Kunz References Lüning K (1986). New frond formation in Laminaria hyperborea (Phaeophyta): A photoperiodic response. Schaffelke B & Lüning K (1994). A circannual rhythm controls seasonal growth in the kelps Laminaria hyperborea and L. digitata from Helgoland (North Sea). Scheschonk L, Becker S, Hehemann J, Diehl N, Karsten U, Bischof K (2019). Arctic kelp eco-physiology during the polar night in the face of global warming: A crucial role for laminarin. Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to T. Wernberg, K. Filbee-Dexter and their diving team for collecting the kelps. Thank you to A. Wagner for his support in the experimental procedure and to B. Iken for the support in the laboratory. 1 Faculty of Biology and Chemistry & MARUM, University of Bremen, D | poster |
Viewing FSL results with SPM and vice versa Thomas Maullin-Sapey1, Peter Williams2, Guillaume Flandin3, Thomas E. Nichols1,4, Camille Maumet4 1. Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK 2. Department of Mathematics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK 3. Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK. 4. WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK Acknowledgments: We would like to acknowledge the work of all the INCF task force members as well as of many other colleagues who have helped the task force. We are particularly indebted to M. Abrams and the INCF secretariat staff. We also acknowledge the long-standing support of DDWG activities by the BIRN (NIH 1 U24 RR025736-01), and the Wellcome Trust for support of (CM, TEN). Fig. 1. Viewing the results of the same group fMRI study with SPM and FSL. The corresponding NIDM-Results pack is available at: http://neurovault.org/collections/1692/fsl_group_ols.nidm. Introduction A growing number of efforts are emerging in the neuroimaging community to increase reproducibility of research findings (e.g. [1,2]). In an attempt to facilitate publishing of neuroimaging data and metadata, the NeuroImaging Data Model (NIDM) defines a set of specifications based on semantic web technologies. The NIDM-Results specification was recently introduced, providing a machine-readable representation of mass univariate statistical results, including extensive metadata and key images summarising the findings [3]. NIDM-Results packs can be generated from SPM [5] and FSL [6]. However few tools exist to read and display NIDM-Results. Here, we introduce two NIDM-Results viewers, one each oriented for users accustomed to SPM and FSL, two of the most widely-used neuroimaging analysis softwares [7]. Results Conclusion SPM-style viewer: https://github.com/incf-nidash/nidmresults-spmhtml, FSL-style viewer: https://github.com/incf-nidash/nidmresults-fslhtml, NIDM-Results specification: http://nidm.nidash.org/specs/nidm-results.html. Getting started with NIDM: http://nidm.nidash.org/getting-started/. We hope that the viewer will facilitate the adoption of the NIDM-Result format for sharing of statistical results in the neuroimaging community as well as interoperability across software packages. This work is part of a growing ecosystem of tools for NIDM and it is our intention to develop more applications to further to increase the practical utility of NIDM-Results. Other projects also include the creation tools for meta-analysis of neuroimaging data. [1] Gorgolewski, Front Neuroinform. 2015 [2] Poldrack Front Neuroinform. 2013 [3] Maumet Scientific Data. 2016 [4] http://www.equator-network.org [5] Penny Academic press. 2011 [6] Jenkinson Neuroimage. 2012 [7] Carp Neuroimage. 2012 [8] https://rdflib.readthedocs.io/ [9] http://neurovault.org/collections/1692/ [10] Pauli et al. Front Neuroinform. 2016 References We acknowledge the work of all INCF task force members as well as the Wellcome Trust for support of CM and TEN. Acknowledgments Usage -style view -style view Publication Unthresholded statistic maps All cluster & peak locations Machine-readable metadata NIDM-Results Selected peak locations Figure (selected slices) Thresholded statistics Installation NIDM-Results Useful links addpath(PATH_TO/spm12) addpath(PATH_TO/nidmresults-spmhtml) 1. Download SPM-style viewer from https://github.com/incf-nidash/nidmresults-spmhtml 2. Update the Matlab path pip install git+git://github.com/incf-nidash/nidmresults-fs lhtml.git 1. Install the FSL-style viewer using pip nidm_results_display(‘fsl_group_ols.nidm.zip’) View a NIDM-Results pack with: nidmviewerfsl fsl_group_ols.nidm.zip | poster |
Optimally weighted ensemble for sub-seasonal forecasting Julien Brajard1∗ François Counillon1,2 Yiguo Wang1 Madlen Kimmritz3 1NERSC, Bergen, Norway 2Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Norway 3AWI, Bremerhaven, Germany Introduction 1 Seasonal forecasts are issued as the arithmetic mean (equal weights: EW) of an ensemble of simulations initialized by assimilating observations. 2 During the operational production of the forecast (considering the buffer-time needed to ensure timely delivery), new unused observations can be available (typically a week). Objective Defining an optimal weighted average (OW) that can use independent data to enhance the skill of the forecast on a subseasonal time scale with respect to equal weighted averages (EW). Setup of the experiment • Forecasts x: The Norwegian Climate Prediction Model (NorCPM) is providing skillful seasonal forecasts (Wang et al. 2019). A 60 member ensemble reanalysis reanalysis has been recently produced by assimilating monthly sea-surface temperature (SST) and T-S profile data with the ensemble Kalman filter. Retrospective hindcasts of 60 members - initialised from the reanalysis - have been produced for the period 1985 to 2010 with 4 start dates per year. • Observation y: A weekly NOOA sea-surface , optimally interpolated (Reynolds et al. 2002) after the analysis month is used to determine the weights. Estimation of the Optimal Weights (OW) For a forecast xn of index n (1 ≤n ≤N, N is the size of the ensemble) and a grid point i, the weight is determined by: wn,i ∝exp −1 2(ρi ◦d)TR−1(ρi ◦d) ! , where • d = (y −xn) • ρi is a localization vector whose elements are: ρik = f (d(i, k)/L) , ρik = 0 if d(i, k) > L • R = (λo)2Eobs, is the observation error. Eobs is the diagonal error provided with the NOAA product and λo is an inflation factor. Illustration with a Lorenz model The algorithm has been tested using a Lorenz 96 model with a observation at 0.2 time after the analysis time. • The forecast skill (in RMSE) is improved until a time of 1 (> 3 Lyapunov time) • The error of the OW mean at the observation time is comparable to the error of the analysis (initial time) Results The validation is performed on the sea-surface temperature by comparing with future observations. All the confi- dence intervals and significativity of the results are computed by bootstrapping with 100 samples. Figure: Global correlation space- and time-wise as a function of the lead month for the optimal weights (OW) and the equal weights (EW) hindcast. ▶The optimal weights hindcast has higher skill up to 2-3 leading months. Figure: Gobal correlation space-wise for a two monhts leading time as a function of the date for the optimal weights (OW) and the equal weights (EW) hindcast. The filled circles (resp. unfilled) correspond to the dates where the differences are significant (resp. not significant). ▶The improvement is found for the whole period. Figure: Time-wise correlation 1985-2010 at a two months leading time for the hindcast computed with equal weights (the baseline on the left panel) and with optimal weights (the center panel). The right panel shows the difference between the weighted hindcast correlation and the equal weights hindcast correlation, positive values indicating that optimal weights have improved the correlation. ▶The improvement is consistent on the whole domain but has different magnitude depending on the region. Regional improvement Correlation at a two month leading time globally and for different regions Region Correlation OW EW Global 0.50 0.44 ENSO 0.93 0.90 Bar 0.50 0.33 Norw 0.63 0.63 ▶Some regions with low skill using EW have better skill with the optimal weights (OW), e.g. the Barents Sea. Conclusion ▶Seamless update of the forecast between two oper- ational forecast releases with the arrival of fresh data ▶Improvement up to a 3 months lead-time ▶No need to recompute the forecast ▶Little sensitivity to the hyperparameter tuning Sensitivity Two hyperparameters need to be tuned to det | poster |
Introduction: The 2022 crisis has significantly changed European countries' approach to energy security and demonstrated the need to become independent from Russian energy imports. It has also revived the discussion on accelerating renewable energy changes to increase the share of green energy in the total energy balance of the associated countries. The main goal of the Research: primary analysis of selected conditions for energy security of European Union countries, in the context of turbulence on energy markets in Europe after the year 2022, using the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-ranks test Application: desirability, possibility, and necessity of building an inter-state model, which can optimize energy flow management based on the principles of sustainable development, influencing the increase of energy security in Europe. Research hypothesis: The crisis of 2022 significantly changed the approach to optimizing energy flows Variables included in research: Total Energy Supply, which includes all the energy produced in or imported to a country, minus that which is exported or stored. It represents all the energy required to supply end users in the country. Energy trade balance, which is the difference between Energy import and export Change in energy balance in the European Union after 2022 dr Beata Szetela, dr hab. Grzegorz Mentel, prof. PRz – faculty of Management, Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland Prof. Najiba EL AMRANI EL IDRISSI, Faculty of Science and Technology, USMBA, Fez, Morocco Energy mix changes in UE between 2000 - 2022 Systematic decline in the amount of coal used Increasing role of energy obtained from renewable energy sources Reduction of the natural gas demand Increase in the total European Energy imports by 3% and decline of exports by 0,5% between 2021 and 2022 independence from energy supplies from Russia- Results In the case of coal, there are no significant changes in its share in the total energy mix, especially compared to the previous four years, when a systematic decline in the amount of coal used was observed. There are statistically significant differences in wind- and solar-based produced Energy, towards significant increases in renewable energy production There are significant differences in the amount of energy imported among developed and emerging European countries. In 2022, compared to 2021, the increase in imports among developed countries ranged from 2% in Belgium to 22% in Austria, while in developing countries the largest increase was recorded in Slovenia, where it amounted to 19%. All countries that recorded a decline in fuel imports in 2021 saw a significant increase in imports in 2022, which was undoubtedly due to the turmoil in energy markets caused by Russia's attack on Ukraine. The research leading to these results has received funding from the project titled "Cluster for innovative energy" in the frame of the program "HORIZON-MSCA-2022-SE-01" under the Grant agreement number 101129820 29.02-01.03. 2024 Szczecin V Edycja Międzynarodowej Konferencji Naukowo-technicznej "Energia Nowoczesnych Miast" https://energia.usz.edu.pl/ | poster |
Resistant Starch 5: A Novel Approach to Reducing Postprandial Glycaemia and Lipaemia • Factors that affect the formation of RS5 include temperature, time, stirring speed, size of stirring rod • RS5 can be produced with small quantities of fat/oil added to starchy food 1 WHO (2018). Diabetes. World Health Organisation. Online. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes [Accessed 27 April 2020]. 2 Saeedi, P. et al., (2019). Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 157; 107843. 3 Lehmann, U. and Robin, F. (2007). Slowly digestible starch - its structure and health implications: a review. Trends in Food Science and Technology. 18; pp. 346 – 355. 4 Fuentes-Zaragoza, E., Riquelme-Navarrete, M. J., Sánchez-Zapata, E., and Pérez-Álvarez, J. A. (2010). Resistant starch as a functional ingredient: A review. Food Research International. 43; pp. 931 – 942. • In 2016, diabetes caused about 1.6 million deaths, and the global prevalence of diabetes in 2019 was estimated to be 9.3%, projected to rise to 10.2% by 2030. • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the common complications of diabetes which may lead to early death. • Diabetes is a disease that occurs when the blood glucose is too high. It has also been identified as a secondary cause of lipaemia. • Lipaemia is the presence of an abnormally high concentration of fat in the blood. Figure 1. Pictorial illustration showing the formation of RS5 (amylose-lipid complexes). • The nutritional quality of starch depends on how it has been processed and the major physiological effect of starch is the release of glucose, as a source of energy for the body. • Starch can be processed to form a kind of dietary fibre called resistant starch (RS). • RS is the fraction of starch that is not broken down to glucose in the small intestine within 120 minutes of being consumed. It is therefore fermented in the large intestine and serves as a source of fibre. • Types of RS classified based on their physical and chemical characteristics: RS1 - RS5 • Objective: To investigate the formation and digestion process of resistant starch 5 – RS5 (amylose-lipid complexes). Background Introduction Conclusion Method Results References How does the consumption of resistant starch 5 (amylose-lipid complexes) affect the levels of glucose and fat in the blood? A. O. Adewuni*, T. Grassby, M. D. Robertson School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU27XH, UK *a.adewuni@surrey.ac.uk Research Question Study 1 •Production and characterisation of RS5* Study 2 •In vitro digestion of RS5 - Simulated gastro- intestinal digestion Study 3 •In vivo study – Human study Figure 2. Percentage complexing index with different ratios of palmitic acid and gelatinised starch. Proposed Impact • To proffer recommendations on the use of RS5 as a functional food ingredient in the management and subsequent treatment of illnesses such as diabetics and lipaemia • To promote healthier nutrition and lifelong health Discussion • Complexing Index (CI) ranged from 41% to 55% for 1:1 to 1:24 ratios of palmitic acid and gelatinised starch. • In reality (oil:starch): 91% 4% ≈1:23 • High percentage complexing index shows high values of RS5 *Note: This poster presents the work I have done so far (study 1 only). No information on study 2 and 3. | poster |
O projeto OSTrails visa contribuir para a melhoria dos processos e instrumentos de planeamento, monitorização e avaliação dos resultados de investigação científica. A operacionalização dos seus objetivos vai decorrer trabalhando com vários parceiros nacionais e temáticos, com vista à otimização da infraestrutura existente e estabelecendo ligações com as partes envolvidas no ecossistema científico europeu. Desafios Abordagem Interoperabilidade insuficiente nas diferentes fases de investigação. Sistemas de informação académica não interoperáveis ou reduzida harmonização das melhores práticas adotadas. Incerteza quanto ao cumprimento dos princípios FAIR e das práticas de PGD. Mecanismos insuficientes de monitorização. Diferentes níveis de maturidade de Ciência Aberta, FAIR e EOSC. Pilotos Para definir, criar, validar e avaliar as suas atividades e resultados, o projeto vai pilotar a adoção dos seus desenvolvimentos, contando com a colaboração de várias instituições, estando previstos 15 pilotos nacionais e 9 pilotos temáticos, entre as quais a Universidade do Minho e a Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia. Contributos Reduzir as barreiras na adoção dos princípios FAIR nas diferentes fases de investigação; melhorar a avaliação da investigação através de um sistema de investigação interligado. Principais resultados Planeamento: melhorar a eficiência dos Planos de Gestão de Dados, transformando-os em recursos interligados e acionáveis por máquina. Monitorização: estabelecer um ecossistema aberto, interoperável e de elevada qualidade de sistemas de informação de conhecimento científico, beneficiando da implementação dos princípios dos dados FAIR. Avaliação: disponibilizar ferramentas de avaliação dos princípios FAIR, com vista a obter métricas acionáveis por máquina integradas nas ferramentas que apoiam cada uma das fases do ciclo de vida de investigação. Face a estes desafios, propõe-se a otimização do cumprimento dos princípios FAIR, interconectividade e automatização dos sistemas, nas fases de planeamento, monitorização e avaliação da investigação. Autores: André Vieira, Paula Moura, Pedro Príncipe, Antónia Correia Universidade do Minho Rumo ao planeamento, monitorização e avaliação dos resultados de investigação científica | poster |
a) b) c) Filling proces: pressure profiles 0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 Mean Pressure (Pa) -24 -20 -16 -12 -8 -4 0 4 8 12 16 20 Time (s) Mean Pressure (Pa) Experimental (-) (2) Air (1) Premixed Air+Fuel P = 0,368 bar 0,184 bar CH4 + 0,184 bar Air up to target pressure Ptarget = 2,28 bar ζ Geometry of a combustion chamber Mesh Geometry simplification Air test simulation Initial and boundary conditions Sim. pressure profile Exp. pressure profile Inputfroman air test Dead volume adjustment Non-knocking combustion simulation Initial and boundary conditions Exp. pressure profile Sim. pressure profile ‘Combustion model calibration’ Knocking combustion simulation Initial and boundary conditions Self-ignition occurence Self-ignition occurence ‘Knock model calibration’ Dead volume: 70 cm of a pipe, closed 0 1e+06 2e+06 3e+06 4e+06 5e+06 6e+06 7e+06 8e+06 9e+06 1e+07 Mean Pressure (-) Experiment Simulation Dead volume: 20 cm of a pipe, closed 0 1e+06 2e+06 3e+06 4e+06 5e+06 6e+06 7e+06 8e+06 9e+06 1e+07 Mean Pressure (Pa) Simulation Experiment λ λ λ=0,52 EQR=1,924 λ=1,29 EQR=0,775 λ=1,08 EQR=0,928 5.5 mm/s Velocity: EQR/λ: λ Pressure profile: dead vol. adjusted based on Airtest 415 0 2e+06 4e+06 6e+06 8e+06 1e+07 1.2e+07 1.4e+07 1.6e+07 Mean Pressure (-) 500 525 550 575 600 625 650 675 700 Crank Angle (-) Experimental (-) Simulated, SF 1.4 (Pa) Simulated, SF default (-) Pressure profile: dead volume tuning... 0 2e+06 4e+06 6e+06 8e+06 1e+07 1.2e+07 1.4e+07 1.6e+07 Mean Pressure (-) 500 525 550 575 600 625 650 675 700 Crank Angle (-) Exp. (aligned) (-) dead_volume (-) real_dead_vol_adj_pos_all_t (-) ..._tuned_comb_model (-) real_dead_vol_all_time (-) λ λ λ Dead volume: 70 cm of a pipe, closed 0 1e+06 2e+06 3e+06 4e+06 5e+06 6e+06 7e+06 8e+06 9e+06 1e+07 Mean Pressure (-) 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 Crank Angle (s) Experiment Sim. adjusted piston profile Sim. org. piston profile Volume profile 0 0.0001 0.0002 0.0003 0.0004 0.0005 0.0006 0.0007 0.0008 0.0009 0.001 Total Volume (m^3) 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 Crank Angle (deg) Total Volume (m^3) org. piston (m^3) Total Volume (m^3) adjusted piston (m^3) Pressure profile: dead volume tuning... 0 2e+06 4e+06 6e+06 8e+06 1e+07 1.2e+07 1.4e+07 1.6e+07 Mean Pressure (-) 500 525 550 575 600 625 650 675 700 Crank Angle (-) Exp. (aligned) (-) real_dead_vol_all_time (-) kf 0.85 (-) kf 0.75 + piston min 0.5 mm (-) | poster |
*L. Graziani[1], B. Ciardi[2], M. Glatzle[2], M. B. Eide[2], M. C. Orofino[1], S. Gallerani[1] [1] Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Pisa, Italy [2] Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Garching bei Muenchen, Germany Massive black holes in evolving galaxies: from quasars to quiescence June 25-29, 2018 Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Paris - France Xrays ionization and heating by highredshift quasars Here we discuss the impact of quasars (QSOs) on the ionization and heating of host and field galaxies and on the intergalactic medium (IGM), by showing the results of radiative transfer simulations accounting for Xrays and secondary electrons. By adopting a multiscale approach (100 h1 / 25 h1 / 1 h1 cMpc boxes) we study the importance of feedback in different environments and the impact on observables present at different scales. The role of QSO in the general context of a full reionization simulation [12] and their relative contribution in the evolution of the first Gyr of our Universe is addressed in the first box. The second box considers a single QSO HII region in a case matching a ULAS J1120+0641like QSO. Implications for the HII region properties are also discussed [3]. Finally, new small scale simulations accounting for Xrays triggered photodissociation regions and metal ions are introduced in the last box [567]. Abstract Large scale reionization: impact of different sources Figure 1: 3D visualization of the HII, HeII and HeIII fractions in the QSO environment, as produced by both the central QSO and the surrounding galaxies with full UV and X-ray physics [1]. The images refer to a time tQ = 107 yr after the QSO has been turned on at z = 10. The simulation box is 50h-1 cMpc. Large scale reionization is dominated by the concerted impact of different sources. Galaxies drive the process during H-reionization, while QSOs create peculiar high-redshift environments and drive He-reionization [1,2]. Figure 2: Maps of temperature at z = 10 for galaxies only models with different assumptions of escape fractions ( GAL*), and galaxies+QSO models (GAL*+QSO) with UV and X-Rays [1]. Galaxies start to reionize the IGM at z = 15, while the QSO is turned on at z = 10 with a lifetime of 107 yr. The maps have a side length of 50h-1 cMpc and the width of the slice is 195h-1 ckpc. The galaxy and QSO H II (He III) I-front is shown as green and blue solid (dotted) contour, respectively. Figure 3: Maps in the plane of the first QSO at z = 12. Columns indicate different combinations of source types [2]. The upper rows show either HII or T, while the lower rows show the difference with respect to the first panel (stars only case). Simulation Box 100h-1 cMpc [3]. [1] Kakiichi, K.; Graziani, L.; Ciardi, B.; Meiksin, A.; et al., 2015, MNRAS, 468, 3 [2] Eide, M. B.; Graziani, L.; Ciardi, B.; Feng, Y.; et al., 2018, MNRAS, 476, 1 [3] Khandai, N.; Di Matteo, T.; Croft, R.; Wilkins, S.; et al., 2015, MNRAS, 450, 2 [4] Graziani L.; Ciardi B.; Glatzle, M., 2018, MNRAS, in press (DOI:10.1093/mnras/sty1367) [5] Barai, P.; Gallerani, S.; Pallottini, A.; Ferrara, A.; et al., 2018, MNRAS, 473, 3 [6] Graziani, L.; Maselli, A.; Ciardi, B., 2013, MNRAS, 431, 1 [7] Orofino, M. C.; Graziani, L.; Gallerani, S., et al., 2018, MNRAS, in prep. [8] Graziani, L.; Gallerani, S.;Orofino, M. C., et al., 2018, MNRAS, in prep. Reference Local scale: QSO host and field galaxies Figure 6: Slice cut of the simulation in [5] showing the gas number density (left panle), the velocity field ( middle) and the temperature field (right) in a plane intercepting both the QSO outflow and the galaxy host. The box is 1h-1 cMpc and it is shown in cell units (1 cell = 0.78 kpc physical). The simulation redshift is z=6. Figure 8: Star formation rate (SFR) evolution in redshift of a massive halo invested by the QSO outflow. Two feedback configurations are shown: spherical and conical. The evolution of star formation is strongly impacted by different modeling of QSO outflow [7 | poster |
M F U DATE: Thursday 3 December TIME: 6.30-8pm LOCATION: The Alderman (upstairs) 134 Lygon St East Brunswick FORMAT: 45 minute panel presentation 45 minute open discussion From the romance of fairy-tales to the sexual appeal of popular culture, the characterisation of girlhood in the Western media landscape presents a passive and commodified image of femininity in a hegemonic fashion. The development of new media technologies and the rise of consumer culture have increased anxieties surrounding the social identity and the corporeality of girls. How do girls interpret and negotiate these mainstream narratives? Is there room for alternatives? What can we learn from how girlhood has been defined in other times and cultures? Join ELODIE SILBERSTEIN (Monash University) in conversation with MICHELLE SMITH (Deakin University), SOFIA RIOS (Monash University) and FREYA BENNETT (founder of Tigress Magazine) as they problematise the idea of girlhood across borders and across time. FROM CINDERELLA TO TELENOVELAS NARRATIVES OF GIRLHOOD IN A GLOBALISED WORLD A PANEL DISCUSSION WITH ELODIE SILBERSTEIN, MICHELLE SMITH, SOFIA RIOS & FREYA BENNETT SPECIAL SEMINAR f i n d MELBOURNE FREE UNIVERSITY on twitter & facebook .org MELBOURNEFREEUNIVERSITY | poster |
Making Ice Penetrating Radar More Accessible A tool for finding, downloading, and visualizing georeferenced radargrams within the QGIS ecosystem NSF: 2209726 PI: Laura Lindzey Abstract Ice Penetrating Radar has been a fundamental tool for understanding polar ice sheets since the first flights in the 1960’s. The US alone has spent many tens of millions of dollars on direct grants to enable the acquisition and analysis of radar data, and even more on related infrastructure and support costs. The QIceRadar project tries to make these critical datasets more FAIR. It will index data that is distributed across multiple international data centers (findability) and will provide a consistent interface to the many different formats this data is published in (interoperability). We chose to build this functionality as a QGIS plugin because QGIS is already used by much of the polar community: Quantarctica and QGreenland have rapidly become indispensable data indices for researchers, making diverse data sets readily available. Thus, with no additional work on our part, QIceRadar will enable interpreting radargrams in context with many map- view datasets. Ice Penetrating Radar As an aircraft flies above the ice sheet, the radar system emits VHF pulses. After each pulse, it records the intensity of reflected echoes, which correspond to the air/ice surface, features within the ice, and the ice/bed interface. Radargram Interpretation Data Availability QIceRadar Left: QGIS screencap showing existing radargrams over Thwaites Glacier. Other active layers show the MODIS mosaic [1] included in Quantarctica [2] and hypothesized active lake outlines from [3]. Above: Segment of radargram THW/X63a [4] corresponding to the orange line in the map. The yellow dot in the map view corresponds to the location of the vertical red line in the radargram. [1] Scambos, Ted A., et al. "MODIS-based Mosaic of Antarctica (MOA) data sets: Continent-wide surface morphology and snow grain size." Remote sensing of environment 111.2-3 (2007): 242-257. [2] Matsuoka, Kenichi, et al. "Quantarctica, an integrated mapping environment for Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, and sub-Antarctic islands." Environmental Modelling & Software 140 (2021): 105015. [3] Smith, Benjamin E., et al. "Connected subglacial lake drainage beneath Thwaites glacier, west Antarctica." The Cryosphere 11.1 (2017): 451-467. [4] Chu, W., Culberg, R., Hilger, A., Jordan, T., Schroeder, D., Seroussi, H., et al. (2021) "Radar Sounding Observations of the Amundsen Sea Embayment, 2004-2005" U.S. Antarctic Program (USAP) Data Center. unavailable unsupported supported Intensity Time since transmission Air Ice Rock Polar ice penetrating radar data is collected by over a dozen countries/research groups, all of which utilize different data centers and formats. Both Antarctica and Greenland / the Canadian Arctic are included in our index, and our viewer will work with data formats from every major provider. Unfortunately, much of Bedmap 3’s data [5] are not available as radargrams. Our project includes a database of all known polar ice penetrating radar datasets, provided as a geopackage, and a plugin that enables visualizing them in context with other map-view datasets. In the radargram above, there is likely a deep valley where the bed was not observed, so an ice flow model based on smoothed interpreted horizons (shown in red) and observed surface velocities may not converge. Modeling subglacial drainage networks is also sensitive to this effect. AGAP A38b [6] Radargrams contain far more information than the profile and gridded ice sheet geometry that is currently readily available. In the radargram above, there is an additional bright reflector above the bedrock reflection. [7] interpreted this to be a buried ash layer, corresponding to historical volcanism in West Antarctic and enabling the eruption to be dated to 8 kya. THW/Y53a [4] ICP3/F56T03a [8] Englacial layers observed in radargrams can be traced between core sites, inf | poster |
Investment barriers in renewable energy in tourism industry enterprises dr Svitlana Bilan, Centre of Sociological Research, Poland dr Katarzyna Chudy-Laskowska, Department of Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Management, Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland dr Nawrot Łukasz, Centre of Sociological Research, Poland Introduction Renewable energy is an alternative to traditional energy sources. Its use helps mitigate the negative effects of greenhouse gas emissions and reduce global warming. Poland is considered a promising market for investments in renewable energy sources, but it encounters a number of barriers in the process of achieving the goals related to their implementation, preventing or hindering their use, negatively affecting the development of this sector. They are analyzed both at the EU level and in individual Member States. The aim of the study is to identify barriers limiting investments in renewable energy sources, which makes it possible to limit or eliminate mistakes and bad decisions that prevent the development of this sector. The main barriers related to the development of renewable energy in Poland included: limited possibilities of financing investments by entrepreneurs, legal regulations, administrative and procedural difficulties, as well as problems with the operation of transmission networks. It is also worth mentioning the barriers on the part of people related to the lack of knowledge, information about sustainable energy carriers, the possibility (willingness) to use them, related problems, benefits, etc. The research included entrepreneurs who use renewable energy technology (140 - 12%) and entrepreneurs who did not use any renewable energy technology in their business (1056 - 88%). The companies that were surveyed operate in the tourism industry. The presented results concern only part of the research involving the identification of barriers among people who have not yet invested in renewable energy. The research used graphical analysis, factor analysis and econometric modeling. Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 4 Factor 5 Lack of credible benefits from using renewable energy sources for environmental protection 0,7236 -0,0430 0,0900 0,0321 -0,0276 Fears about introducing new technologies into the company 0,7341 0,0473 0,0245 0,1903 0,0382 Decrease in demand in the enterprise 0,0670 0,7177 0,0319 0,0346 0,0179 Increased investment risk in the economy 0,0874 0,7490 0,1357 0,0638 0,0404 Loss of financial liquidity 0,0255 0,7513 0,0173 0,1017 0,1022 Dynamic changes in legal regulations 0,0378 0,1376 0,7360 0,0160 0,0285 Lack of appropriate legal regulations in the field of renewable energy 0,0200 0,0182 0,7843 0,1135 0,0441 Inappropriate location of the company in relation to renewable energy resources 0,0850 0,0940 -0,0495 0,7169 0,0225 Lack of experience in implementing innovations 0,0476 0,0084 -0,0249 0,7364 0,1734 Lack of own financial resources -0,0582 0,1239 0,0312 0,0256 0,7551 Variance 1,8775 1,8745 1,7198 1,8707 1,5311 % Variance 0,1043 0,1041 0,0955 0,1039 0,0851 (1,36) (0,15) (0,16) (0,16) (0,12) (0,17) The model of fears about renewable energy investments is presented below. Results: The model fits the data by 40%. (R2 =0.40). The research shows that all constructed factors turned out to be statistically significant and were I ncluded in the model. The respondents assigned the greatest importance t o factor 4, which was the first to enter the model - it is responsible for concerns regarding the location of investments and the lack of experience in introducing innovative investments. If the value of factor 4 increases by one point, the synthetic indicator corresponding to concerns increases by 2.24 points. The second most important factor is the factor responsible for concerns about legal regulations and the variability of regulations regarding renewable energy. The third most important factor was factor 1, i.e. the fear of lack of benefits from the investment. It is surprising that t | poster |
I. Introduction III. Inpainting IV. Results and discussion One of the fundamentals of the standard model of cosmology is the statistical isotropy of the universe at large scales. However, WMAP and Planck temperature data show evidence of several anomalies hinting that the large-scale anisotropies are not fully compatible with the statistical isotropy assumption. In particular, one of them, known as “hemispherical power asymmetry” [1], suggests a directional dependency of the anisotropies. This asymmetry has been found using different estimators with a significance close to 3σ [2, 3, 4]. Modeling the asymmetry in terms of a dipolar modulation [2] allows us to determine the statistical significance, the direction, and the amplitude. In temperature the observed asymmetry is compatible with a modulation of ~7% [2, 4]. Applying the same analysis to the Planck third release (PR3) data, a dipolar modulation was found at modest significance [4] in the E-mode maps. However, anisotropic noise and large scale systematics plays an important role in this analysis. In this work we repeat the analysis using both, PR3 and the new Planck fourth release (PR4) data [7], which provides an improved data set (especially in polarization) with reduced systematics and noise. In addition, we also work with a new alternative inpainting approach, which is necessary to reduce the E/B mixing. The preliminary results show that using a set of 300 simulations the p-value increases up to 3.3%, while we have not found differences in the intensity analysis. II. Dipolar Modulation Analysis REFERENCES [1] Eriksen H.K. et al. 2004, ApJ, 605, 14 [2] Hansen F. K. et al. 2009, ApJ, 704, 1448 [3] Akrami Y. et al. 2014, ApJ, 784, L42 [4] Planck Collaboration VII. 2020, A&A, 641, A7 [5] Tegmark M. & Oliveira-Costa A. 2001, PhRvD, 64, 063001 [6] Marcos-Caballero A. et al. 2019, JCAP, 10, 53 [7] Planck Collaboration LVII. 2020, A&A, A42 Following [3], we study the asymmetry by computing the local- variance maps over disks of a certain size. A dipolar modulation, of the form in the fluctuation map would manifest itself as a dipole structure in the local-variance map, so we can fit it by a χ2. The first figure shows how a local-variance map looks like starting from a modulated E-mode map. Using simulations we can calibrate numerically the proportionality between the amplitude of the local-variance dipole and the amplitude of the modulation. We can also predict the ability of the method to detect modulations of a given amplitude (see figure on the left). If we apply a mask, we only consider disks where at least 10% of the pixels are unmasked. HEMISPHERICAL POWER ASYMMETRY IN INTENSITY AND POLARIZATION FOR PLANCK PR4 DATA C. Gimeno-Amo1, R. B. Barreiro1 and E. Martínez-González1 1Instituto de Física de Cantabria, CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain E-mail : gimenoc@ifca.unican.es Local-Variance map at Nside = 16 Working with masked QU maps produce an E/B mixing. In order to have a better E-mode reconstruction we need to fill masked pixels by using an inpainting technique. For the first time in polarization we have implemented an inpainting technique known as “Gaussian constrained realization” [6]. We fill the masked pixels coherently with a cosmological model and taking into account the unmasked pixels. The pixel covariance matrix needed for this has 2 contributions: the CMB signal, and the noise and systematics. CMB can be computed from the angular power spectra [5, 6], while noise must be estimated numerically. We have split the noise simulations and used the first half for estimating the covariance matrix and the second for the analysis. Unfortunately, the number of simulations is not enough for the matrix to reach convergence, and the inpainting is not as good as we predicted using only CMB. We have tried a variety of ways of estimating the matrix, and we have chosen the one that minimizes, for the same fsky, the maximum relative error (see green line in the fi | poster |
This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe Framework Programme under grant agreement number 101058554. This work was co-funded by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) and the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) under the UK government's Horizon Europe funding guarantee grant number 10042534 & grant number 10055606. 2nd NOVA General Assembly| Smolenice Castle| 2023 Stability/Lifespan Durability Chemical/ Abrasion resistance Surface material compatibility Ease of application Water- or solvent-based Appearance Possible impact on the function of the coated object Leaching Toxicological/environmental concerns More information about the Author? Permanent coatings: model paint formulations for photocatalysts Fraunhofer IFAM, Bremen (D) DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8332165 Claus Schreiner, Dorothea Stübing, Malinn Kastens and Thalea Czarnik Strengths • identification of an efficient photocatalyst in combination with a durable matrix would open up ways for very long lasting effects • combinations with the upconverter pigments could lead to synergistic booster effects • pure anatase is a pigment commonly used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, so no toxicity is expected concerning the undoped material Weaknesses • as the particles are based on TiO2, all functionalized coatings are at least hazy and can be white to greyish/beige (in case of doped TiO2) • the effects observed are lasting, but only moderately active • quite high concentrations of particles can be necessary which influences the general coating performance • the coating matrices must be robust, otherwise they are decomposed as well Opportunities • the applicability is very universal, all common coating matrices can be used • TiO2 is a friendly pigment referring to viscosity properties; in case of white/grey coatings, the functionalization is “invisible” • various photocatalytic materials are commercially available and not excessively high priced • the incorporation in the coating uses standard dispersion techniques (material behaves like rutile TiO2) • regulatory aspects (although it seems that TiO2 has already gone through this “process”) • too high amounts of photocatalyst added can reduce key features of a given coating (e.g. substrate adhesion) • starting from clearcoats, the milkiness of the functional coatings might be undesired by the market/customer Threats & Risks Functional Requirements Non-functional Requirements • Light (visible to UV-A) as well as moisture is necessary for the photocatalytic process; moisture must be available at least at a molecular level (no macroscopic water!) • the coating matrices must be robust, otherwise they are decomposed as well over time • the coating matrix must be suitable for the application purpose 1. Claus Schreiner, Volker Zöllmer: Fraunhofer-funded „Covid Dekont“ project, www.compamed.de („Im Kampf gegen Viren und Bakterien – Desinfektion mit Licht“), 04/2022. Features • photocatalysts are usually based on the titanium dioxide modification anatase; except for the photocatalytic activity, the properties are similar to rutile = “common” TiO2 • in the presence of light (UV to visible) and moisture, radicals are formed which decompose organic matter (like bacteria) • as the polymer matrix is also organic, robust coatings are mandatory for lasting effects Goals (Product Vision) • versatile coatings with durable antimicrobial properties by: • screening of a variety of photocatalysts to figure out their strengths and weaknesses • examination of different coating matrices with respect to the interactions with the photocatalysts (e.g. regarding resistance or inhibition) • studies on combinatorial approaches with Evonik’s upconverter pigments Durable coatings with unlimited antimicrobial effect depends on the coating matrix; the particles themselves are stable (inorganic pigments!) again, dependent on the coating matrix; surface abrasion leads to uncovered pigments and thus to incr | poster |
W0830: an extremely cold, missing-link planetary-mass object at the low-mass end of the IMF Daniella Bardalez Gagliuffi1, Jackie Faherty1, Adam Schneider2, Aaron Meisner3, Dan Caselden4, Guillaume Colin4, Sam Goodman4, Davy Kirkpatrick5, Marc Kuchner6, Jonathan Gagné7, Sarah Logsdon3, Adam Burgasser8, Katelyn Allers9, John Debes10, John Wisniewski11, Austin Rothermich12, Nikolaj Stevnbak Andersen4,13, Melina Thévenot4, Jim Walla4 1AMNH 2USNO 3NSF’s NOIRLab 4Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Collaboration 5Caltech/IPAC 6NASA Goddard 7Université de Montréal 8UCSD 9Bucknell University 10STScI 11University of Oklahoma 12University of Central Florida 13Kolding Hospital, Denmark Read more: Bardalez Gagliuffi et al. 2020 Citizen scientists from Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 discovered WISE J0830+2837, an extremely red source moving at 2”/yr in multi-epoch WISE images. Follow-up NIR HST imaging did not detect the source, even though it was bright in Spitzer images. The red color and non-detection in the NIR indicate that W0830 is extremely cold. With our Spitzer parallax, we can place the object at 11pc with a Tef ≈350 K. Assuming an age of 1-10 Gyr, W0830 is a planetary mass object of 4-13 MJup. W0830 fills a temperature gap between the coldest known brown dwarf (W0855, 250K[4]) and the rest of the Y dwarf population. Spitzer ch2 W0830 Spitzer ch1 W0830 W0830 W0830 HST F125W HST F125W Data from Bardalez Gagliuffi et al. 2019, Best et al. 2020, Kirkpatrick et al. 2021 Atmospheric models from Morley et al. (priv. comm.) Temperature sequence Metallicity? Surface gravity? 450 K 250 K 350 K W0830 This object is a crucial bridge connecting W0855 to the warmer Y dwarf population. Following the decommissioning of Spitzer, further characterization of W0830 will require either JWST or much deeper images from HST. Establishing metallicity, surface gravity, and temperature from its SED would aid in interpreting the role of fundamental properties in this temperature regime. Modified from Bardalez Gagliuffi et al. 2020 With temperatures ≤500K, Y dwarfs are some of the lowest-mass products of star formation[1]. Only ~40 Y dwarfs are known (30% of those with BYW![2,3]) and are critical to understanding the complex atmospheres of giant planets like Jupiter and the tail end of the IMF. References [1] Cushing et al. (2011) [2] Bardalez Gagliuffi et al. (2020) [3] Meisner et al. (2020a) [4] Luhman (2014) | poster |
GROUND REACTION FORCES INDICATE OLDER WOMEN AND CHILDREN HAVE DIFFERENT GAIT STRATEGY Rafael Baptista1, Vandressa Vargas, Leandro de Souza, Leandro Giacomazzi, Gustavo Heidner, Régis Mestriner, Andréia Aires, Rodrigo Nascimento e Marcus Vieira2. 1PUCRS e 2UFG. 1. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare the GRF during the gait and its derived parameters between children and older women 2. METHODOLOGY Twenty-five children (age 6.39±1.88 years) and thirty- three elderly women (age 70.48±6.66 years) took part in this study. Each participant performed five trials following a verbal cue, at a self-selected pace, while wearing sports footwear, on a 6.0 m long by a 1.4 m wide walkway with 8 embedded force platforms (BTS Bioengineering). 3. RESULTS 4. CONCLUSION Significant differences in kinetic gait parameters were observed when comparing elderly women and children. Based on GRF, stance phase times, and impulses we have concluded that elderly women walked slower than children, with longer stance phase duration, increased step rate, and shorter stride length. These differences are likely the results of the opposite strategies adopted by each group. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. e-mail: rafael.baptista@pucrs.br Table 1. Summary of GRF Vertical Parameters Note. Par. = Parameters; Gr. = Group; M = mean; SD = standard deviation; df = degrees of freedom; d = Cohen’s d. † = Mann-Whitney significant. | poster |
Community oral history in the CLARIAH Media Suite Stories in Motion Re-use Collect Archive Collect and curate ✓Obtain high audio quality to optimize use of open source ASR webservice (CLST Automatic Speech Recognition for Dutch) and/or use time-coded interview summary template. ✓Create metadata with a DCMI template for object and collection level use. ✓Use thesauri to enhance discoverability of interviews in repositories and archives. Deposit and re-use ✓Use a GDPR compliant informed consent form using accessible language and a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 data license. ✓Deposit community oral history archive at an appropriate repository, including DANS-EASY, enabling the CLARIAH Media Suite to harvest (meta)data from DANS. ✓Use an accessible deposit and processing agreement for the community archive collection owner. Results: ✓A toolkit containing a workflow, glossary and templates supporting grassroots heritage organizations in the Netherlands in making their oral history archives re-usable through standards for data interoperability, empowering them to work more autonomously. ✓The opportunity for scholars and students to search, bookmark and annotate community oral history in the CLARIAH Media Suite environment. Presented at DH Benelux 2022 RE-MIX - Creation and alteration in DH, 1-3 June University of Luxembourg Norah Karrouche, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Marjan Beijering, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam Partners: DANS (Femmy Admiraal), DIG IT UP (Simone da Silva), Stadsarchief Rotterdam (Marie-Claire Dangerfield) Visit the Media Suite Objective: Developing a model for making community oral history archives in the Netherlands accessible as sustainable data within the Dutch infrastructure for the Arts and Humanities CLARIAH. Method: In order to create a model we trained and studied volunteers from a community archive project (DIG IT UP) in a series of workshops, in cooperation with Stadsarchief Rotterdam. We examined the project partners’ approaches to oral history and their minimal requirements for re-use as archival and research data. Relevance: Community oral history is a popular method for grassroots organizations to explore histories of communities that have left few textual traces in archival institutions. Once collected, community oral history in the Netherlands is rarely stored and curated because grassroots organizations lack the awareness and/or digital skills to deposit oral histories as data in archives and repositories. Community oral history has the potential to uncover hidden voices and add to multiperspectivity in historical research. | poster |
Camille Landri, Ondřej Pejcha, Michał Pawlak, Andrzej Udalski, Jose L. Prieto, Manuel Barrientos, Jay Strader and Subo Dong Type of cataclysmic variable (CV), white dwarf accreting matter from a companion via an accretion disc. Accretion disc undergoes semi-periodic outbursts, best explained by the Disc Instability Model (DIM, Smak 1982): • Disc initially cold and stable. • Disc temperature and surface density increase as mass builds up. • Disc reaches critical conditions and local instability propagates: sudden rise in temperature and brightness (outburst). Dwarf nova (DN) outbursts typically last for a few days and recur every few weeks. OGLE-BLG504.12.201843: A POSSIBLE EXTREME DWARF NOVA Camille Landri 1, Ondřej Pejcha 1 et al., 2022, MNRAS, 517, 2746 OGLE-BLG504.12.201843 02 WHAT IS A DWARF NOVA? 01WHITEDWARFACCRETIONDISCCOMPANION PAPER REFERENCES ABOUT ME CV discovered with OGLE (Udalski 2015) by Mróz (2015). Peculiarities: • 300 days long outbursts recurring every 1000 days, • slow brightening before outburst, • small recurring flares in quiescence. 05 WHY IS THIS SYSTEM INTERESTING? PHOTOMETRY 03 Figure 1: Photometry of O-201843. Upper panel: Archival data from DASCH (Laycock 2010). Middle panel: Data from OGLE. Left panel: Small recurring flares. Right Panel: close-up of an outburst with dates at which spectra were obtained. We acknowledge the support by INTER- EXCELLENCE grant LTAUSA18093 from the Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports. The research of OP has also been supported by Horizon 2020 ERC Starting Grant ‘Cat-In- hAT’ (grant agreement no. 803158). Ellipsoidal modulations during quiescence. In outburst, one minima disappears, the other deepens. The outbursts come from an accretion disc. Companion hides part of the disc Disc brightness hides orbital modulations Figure 2: Phased light curve of O-201843. Left: Quiescence. Right: Outburst. SPECTROSCOPY 04 Figure 3: Evolution of the Hα/HeII lines during an outburst. Balmer absorption lines: • early F-type companion and/or accretion disc. He II emission lines during outbursts. No common features of DNe: • Double peaked lines. • Emission in quiescence becoming absorption in outburst. Spectra consistent with cold accretion discs modelled with the DIM (Idan 2010). Likely a DN with extreme properties: long outburst cycles, relatively young companion. More importantly: • Small flares in quiescence have not been observed in other DNe. • Unusually cold disc in quiescence. • Brightness increase in quiescence is a prediction of the DIM, but is never observed in DNe. 0-201843 is a great system to learn more about thermally unstable accretion discs and requires further studies! 1Institute of Theoretical Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic 14 Idan et al., 2010, A&A, 519, A117 Laycock et al., 2010, AJ, 140, 1062 Mróz et al., 2015, Acta. Astron., 63, 313 Smak J., 1982, Acta. Astron., 32, 199 Udalski et al., Acta Astron., 65,1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | poster |
RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURES OF THE FUTURE ŁUKASZ BOLIKOWSKI, DOMINIKA CZERNIAWSKA, WOJTEK SYLWESTRZAK CENTRE FOR OPEN SCIENCE, ICM, UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW OUR VISION Large, open, distributed research infrastructures will play an increasingly important role in re- search communication. Their future will be driven by the following three factors. 1. Increasing role of (big) data in research. From social sciences to medical biology, researchers will analyze large, open data repositories. 2. Emergence of autonomous research agents. Research process will no longer remain a human- only domain, machines will be increasingly important actors. 3. New communication models, including dynamically changing, heavily interlinked, openly ac- cessible research objects of varying forms. BIG DATA Big data sets contain information with enor- mous commercial and cognitive value. As a con- sequence, big data sets and data-driven research become crucial in almost every discipline of sci- ence, from social sciences to medical biology. Progress in data-driven research is hindered by prevalence of information silos. Research in- frastructures of the future should aim at opening and integrating the said silos by creating solu- tions enabling sharing and merging diverse data sets, as well as providing advanced technologies and tools for scalable data analytics. Additionally, societal externalities of big data in science will stimulate emergence of new types of scientints, new practices of knowledge cre- ation, which in turn will require new standards of communication. AUTONOMOUS AGENTS In order to cope with information overload and large quantities of data, researchers will off- load part of their work to machines. Therefore, research discoveries will no longer be a human- only domain (cf. “Robot Scientist Adam”). Research infrastructure with medium- and long-term perspectives should take into account the increasing role of machines in research activi- ties. In particular, the said infrastructures should provide machine-friendly communication proto- cols and ontologies, capable of expressing hy- potheses, methodologies, and results. In consequence, autonomous research sys- tems will be not only consumers, but also pro- ducers of knowledge. NEW COMMUNICATION Open access research infrastructures of the future will enable new forms and models of re- search communication. Differences in publishing data and text will gradually disappear. Compound research ob- jects will be published, consisting of: text, data, interactive graphs, and audiovisual material (cf. Elsevier’s Article of the future). Content will be published in machine-readable form, levaraging semantic networks (e.g. Linked Open Data). Published objects will have more diverse forms and sizes, from nanopublications to book series and large data sets. Publications will have a dynamic character (e.g. executable papers, liq- uid publications), with comments and follow-up discussion. | poster |
Cognitive Psychology, 29(1), 123. Infant and Child Development, 13 Advances in Infancy Research, 5, 6995. Infancy, 17 Journal of Child Language, 41 Frontiers in Psychology, 4 Background: 1 Research Question Can we identify factors that influence the outcome of a segmentation study? age familiar novel 2,3 language background Database Information Effect Sizes for repeated measures “ ” ES References Open Science sites.google.com/site/InWordDB Join us! submit data Coordinate extensions ... Results g p 3951 infants ¾ ½ 200 250 300 350 400 Age (days) American English Canadian French European French Other Germanic Other Formula g) “ ” Study ID Participants Stimuli Procedure Results Effect size | poster |
Open Access Helpdesk: Behind the Scenes Andreas Kirchnera,b , Hannah Schneidera,b & Paul Schultze-Motela,c aBMBF-Projekt open-access.network; bKommunikations-, Informations-, Medienzentrum (KIM), Universität Konstanz; cHelmholtz Open Science Office, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft open-access.network. Das von 2019 bis 2022 geförderte BMBF-Projekt open-access.network schafft ein neues Informations- und Vernetzungsangebot zum Thema Open Access. Die drei zentralen Ziele des Projektes sind die Bereitstellung von Informationen, die Kompetenzvermittlung sowie die Vernetzung der bestehenden Community. Lizenz: CC BY 4.0 Open-Access-Tage 2021 Online, 27.-29. September 2021 E-Mail Jederzeit: help@open- access.network Telefon Di & Do per Telefon: 14-16 Uhr unter (+49)7531/ 88 33 66 Chat Bisher zwei Tests mit versch. Tools, abschließender Test im Winter 2021/22 „Wenn ein Artikel als Erstveröffentlichung bereits eine CC BY-Lizenz hat, hat dann der Autor automatisch das Recht, die Verlags-PDF auf einem (institutionellen) Dokumentenserver abzulegen?“ „Gibt es neben Universitäten und nationalen Förderern noch Stiftungen oder EU- Organisationen, bei denen ein Zuschuss für eine OA- Veröffentlichung von Monographien möglich ist?“ „Vielen herzlichen Dank für diese schnelle und hilfreiche Antwort! Toll, dass es diesen Helpdesk gibt!" Zielgruppe: Wissenschaftler*innen und alle, die spezielle Fragen zu Open Access haben Anfragen bisher: • mit überwiegend hohem Komplexitätsgrad • von Wissenschaftler*innen und Open-Access-Professionals • thematische Schwerpunkte der Anfragen: Finanzierung von Open-Access-Büchern, Urheberrecht / Lizenzen und Qualitätssicherung Qualitätssicherung: Abstimmung der Antworten zwischen den Bearbeiter*innen, um eine hohe Qualität zu gewährleisten (bei E-Mail-Anfragen) Nachnutzung: Fragen und Antworten als Wissensbasis und Grundlage für die spätere Erstellung einer FAQ-Liste Expert*innen aus dem Projekt open-access.network antworten auf Fragen rund um das Thema Open Access Antwortzeit 2 Tage | poster |
IMPLEMENTATION OF TWO CIRCULAR ECONOMY DEMONSTRATION CASES IN PORTUGAL: CHALLENGES AND LEARNINGS Nazaré S. Almeida*, Susana Pereira, Pedro Branco, Luis Machado, Paula C. R. Pinto RAIZ – Forest and Paper Research Institute, Quinta de S. Francisco, Eixo, 3801-501 Portugal *Corresponding author: nazare.almeida@thenavigatorcompany.com; INTRODUCTION METHODS – PILOT PROJECT ROADMAP RESULTS AND DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES XXV TECNICELPA - Conferência Internacional da Floresta, Pasta e Papel XI CIADICYP 2021, 9, 10, 11, 12 março 2021 – WebConference, Portugal This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 730305 Most of the current waste streams generated by the Pulp & Paper industry (PPI) are currently used for energy recovery and land reconstruction. However about 15% of the produced waste are still disposed in landfills [1]. The Paperchain project comes up as an innovative demonstrative project that proposes factual applications for different underused PPI waste streams by proving the technical, economic and environmental feasibility on different sectors through implementation of five real scale pilots. [1] CELPA, Boletim Estatístico, (2019) (http://www.celpa.pt/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/BE_2019_WEB.pdf); The Portuguese circular case covers two types of construction materials: pre-cast concrete which is completely replaced by lime ash (CC1a) and bituminous mixture where the fine aggregate and filler is partial replaced by dregs and grits (CC1b). UNIQUE ENVIRONMENTAL TITLE (TUA) ARTICLE 32 OF DECREE LAW Nº 178/2006) LICENSING PROCESS A B C D After production, the precast concrete was discharged inside of columns and beams mould (A). During the discharge process, were installed thermal sensors (B) for strain and thermal internal monitoring in two beams. Once all the beams and columns were dried, SPRAL proceeded with land preparation as well as the installation of bases for columns fit (C). After the installation of the eight columns and the four beams resulted the final pavilion (D). E F G H I CC1a – PRECAST CONCRETE CC1b – ASPHALTIC ROAD The dregs and grits used on CC1b here dried (A) and sieved before the integration on the bituminous mixture. Once achieved the necessary moisture and dimension, the wastes were integrated in bituminous mixture and transported to NVG plant. Before the installation of the bituminous mixtures (reference, integrating dregs and grits) the underlying layer has prepared and cover with tack coat (B). The bituminous mixtures application at NVG facilities were made by Megavia (C). The asphalt preparation and application work was completed in 7 days, in the first week of March 2020 (D). ONE YEAR MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL (LEACHATE) AND TECHNICAL (RESISTANCE) MONITORING Good technical performance No environmental issues (preliminary results) Legal constrains to overcome in favor of demonstrative project (behind paperChain) Raw material Lime Ash (≈ 3 ton) Pre-cast concrete preparation CC1a European Standard: EN 13225 Lime ash Limestone Pre-treatment (dry and sieve) Raw material Dregs & Grits (≈ 6 ton each) Transport Bituminous mixture preparation European Standard: AC 14 Surface CC1b Reference Dregs Grits ACKNOWLEDGMENTS More information of the Project: https://www.paperchain.eu/ LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT PUBLIC DISSEMINATION ECONOMICAL ASSESSEMENT | poster |
Background image credits: NASA GSFC SVS https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a030000/a030900/a030998/1-SMD-FLEET_MASTER_11_23_2020.png Your Mission’s Open Science Journey A “Choose Your Own Adventure” Rebecca Ringuette, Heliophysics Digital Resource Library, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center on behalf of many contributors and supporters Link to corresponding slides. Motivation SPD-41a Moving Forward Contributors and Supporters Participation Instructions Sample Tasks (see slides for more!) Sign-up for Open Science 101 Research shows that incorporating open science practices accelerates our work and brings a diversity of perspectives to the table. While incorporation of open science practices is being encouraged from multiple entities, guidance directly relevant to missions is lacking. We present a range of practical suggestions based on the general characteristics of the PUNCH mission, NASA’s SPD-41a policy, and the input of a growing number of collaborators across science to encourage a welcoming, open, and collaborative atmosphere, including advancing mission science, improving the quality of the mission products, and building public trust. We welcome feedback and collaboration on these suggestions as we work towards a more complete list of possible open science activities for missions in Heliophysics and across science. Abstract DASH Workshop, Oct 9-11, 2023, at JHU/APL | poster |
Identification of the environmental impact of materials and processes Manufacturing and assembly of modular and reusable Electric Vehicle battery for environment-friendly and lightweight Innovative Electric Vehicles’ batteries for environment-friendly and lighweight mobility The MARBEL project is manufacturing the next generation of lightweight battery packs with the objective to accelerate the mass market take-up of electric and hybrid vehicles. MARBEL focuses on the need for fast-charging and long- lasting batteries to boost end-user demands, while applying high modularity and easy assembly and developing novel testing methodologies. The project aims at designing, developing and demonstrating new modular, compact, lightweight and high-performance battery packs, together with flexible and robust Battery Management Systems, for battery Electric Vehicles and plug-in hybrids, while maintaining safety levels, allowing fast, high-quality and cost-effective large-scale production by following eco-design principles. 2nd life reuse Solutions and processes for parts’ sustainable dismantling and 2nd life. Advanced BMS Flexible advanced Battery Management Systems (BMS). Ultra-fast charging Ultra-fast charging strategies and enhanced thermal management for an extended useful battery life. Design-for-Assembly & Disassembly Advanced battery packs using a Design-for-Assembly and Disassembly methodology. Ligthweighting the battery package Reducing the weight of the metallic parts. www.marbel-project.eu @Marbel_H2020 MARBEL H2020 project info@marbel-project.eu The project has received funding from the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 programme. Grant Nº 963540 3,5 years duration 1st January 2021 30th June 2024 Collaborative project 16 partners from 7 countries Budget 11,7M€, of which 9,8M€ funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. Sustainable dismantling, reuse and second life applications of battery- pack components and materials Use of reciclable lightweight materials Duration 42 months A circular economy approach to EV battery technology MARBEL’s solution uses secondary raw materials and works on developing a more material and energy resource-efficient battery system, ensuring it is easy to dismantle, refurbish, and repurpose for second-life applications. Batteries for shorter charging time and longer journeys The project is developing modular and reusable EV battery technology, which has a longer lifespan of up to 300,000km and a greater energy efficiency in charging and energy use. MARBEL aims to reduce the environmental impact of batteries by 20% throughout their life cycle, ensuring they are easy to dismantle, refurbish, and repurpose for second-life applications. MARBEL aims to foster the acceptance and use of Electric Vehicles by solving two of the main critical points in consumer’s decision-making: limited vehicle autonomy and charging time, enabling to travel longer distances | poster |
Predicting masking release of lateralized speech Alexandre Chabot-Leclerc, Ewen N. MacDonald, and Torsten Dau Hearing Systems group, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark alech@elektro.dtu.dk Background The binaural mr-sEPSM (Bin-sEPSM) is a binaural exten- sion of the multi-resolution speech-based envelop power spectrum model (mr-sEPM; Jørgensen et al., 2013). It uses a short-term equalization–cancellation process (EC) to model binaural unmasking. It can account for spatial masking release with different masker types (speech- shaped noise (SSN), speech-modulated SSN, multi-talker babble, and reversed-speech) and a number of maskers, in both anechoic and reverberant virtual environments (Hawley et al., 2004; Beutelmann et al., 2010). It can also account for masking release of lateralized speech with one SSN masker lateralized to the same, or oppo- site side of the target (L˝ocsei et al., 2015). The cur- rent study investigated the same lateralized condition, but with multiple reversed-speech maskers where none, some, or all maskers were presented on the same side as the target. The binaural mr-sEPSM Peripheral processing S+N Equalization Peripheral processing Cancellation Modulation filtering SNRenv Binaural selector N (α0, τ0) S+N N … … … … Right ear Left ear Binaural path Intelligibility conversion Fig. 1: Structure of the binaural mr-sEPSM. … Two monaural mr-sEPSM (see Fig. 2 for overview). … An EC process with channel-independent pa- rameters, computed in 20 ms windows, for the binaural unmasking (BU) pathway (Wan et al., 2014). … A binaural selector which selects the best of the “better-ear” SNRenv (BE; between left and right) and of the BU SNRenv in the multi- resolution representation. … Conversion to intelligibility using a Gaussian psychometric function. Fig. 2: Structure of the monaural mr-sEPSM (repro- duced from Jørgensen et al., 2013). Results Fig. 3: Top panel: Measured SRTs (open squares) and predictions by the Bin-sEPSM (blue squares) and the ‘left-’ and ‘right-ear’ models (red triangles) for each con- dition. S conditions are with SSN maskers and C con- ditions are with reverse-babble maskers. Lower panel: Replot as masking release relative to the S11 condition. Table 1: Model performances. The bias is the mean difference between predictions and data SRTs, and r2 is the correlation coefficient. Model Bias r2 Bin-sEPSM -2.17 0.78 Left and Right 1.22 0.53 Stimuli and conditions Notation: # of co-located maskers # all maskers - example A T M1 M2 T M1 M2 - example B T M1 M2 T M1 M2 Fig. 4: Each stimuli is steered to the left or right, using a 680 μs lead at one ear (marked by rectangles). The monaural SNR is the same in both examples. Figure from L˝ocsei et al. (2015). … SRTs measured by L˝ocsei et al. (2015) using the open-set DAT corpus (Nielsen et al., 2014). … Maskers: … SSN matched to target (S1); … 2/4/8 reversed male talkers from GRID sen- tences (Cooke et al., 2006) (C2/C4/C8). Acknowledgements This research was supported in part by the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Phonak, and the Technical University of Denmark. Discussion … The left- and right-ear predictions depend only on the total number of maskers, confirming the constant SNR and energetic masking (EM) on a given side. … BU processing is required for predicting a re- lease from masking between all-collocated and all-separated conditions, e.g., between C44 and C04. … The Bin-sEPSM does not capture the increased SRT in the C22 condition due to increased confu- sions between target and maskers. … It is assumed that the Bin-sEPSM has perfect segregation between the target and maskers because of its inputs (speech and noise mixture, and noise alone). Therefore, it might require an estimate of the similarity between target and maskers to account for confusions, which is con- sidered a source of informational masking (IM; Watson, 2005). Fig. 5: Euclidean distan | poster |
Signal denoising in modular spiking networks Barna Zajzon1,2, Abigail Morrison1,3, Renato Duarte1 1 Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-6) and Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6), J¨ulich Research Centre and JARA, J¨ulich, Germany 2 Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany 3 Software Engineering, Department of Computer Science 3, RWTH Aachen University, Germany Contact: b.zajzon@fz-juelich.de 1. Introduction • Topographic maps, comprising ordered projections among distinct neuronal populations, are a well-studied and pervasive structural feature of the cortical hierarchy, yet little is known about their functional relevance • We investigate the impact of key structural parameters of topography in the context of a signal reconstruction task in a sequential setup: modularity, map size and degree of overlap • Information transmission improves as topographic projections become more structured • This structuring, defined here in terms of modularity, causes a disruption in the E-I balance and leads to the emergence of inhibition-dominated regimes • In some conditions, networks operating in such regimes exhibit spatial denoising properties and the task performance improves vastly with hierarchical depth 2. Network architecture & task νX m=0 m=0.8 m=1 neuron id (Ei) neuron id (Ei+1) additive Gaussian noise no noise ... encoder S1 Stimulus sequence S2 S1 S2 S1 S2 times [ms] M0 M2 M1 topographic modularity (feed-forward connections): m = 1 −p0 pc ∈[0, 1]. p0: inter-cluster connection probability pc: intra-cluster connection probability cluster: corresponding stimulus-specific populations • Modules are balanced random networks of LIF neurons (6 modules) • Structured stimuli drive specific neuronal clusters in M0, building a topographic map • Treat local microcircuits as state-dependent processing reservoirs (Reservoir Computing) [2] • Task: reconstruction of a continuous signal corrupted by Gaussian (spatial) noise 3.Signal reconstruction from noisy input • Modularity in the topographic projections is essential for accurate reconstruction of the input signal (see also [1]) • For m >∼0.82 gradual but significant improvement in the decoding, in all modules • Spatial segregation is increasingly preserved along the topographic maps with larger m (denois- ing) ⇒information is encoded and transmitted primarily through the activity of these clusters 4. Modularity controls the E-I balance • Mean-field analysis: firing rates of the active (non-active) clusters increase (decrease) with m • For larger values of m, the E-I balance is disrupted. Neurons in clusters associated with the active stimulus receive significantly more net overall excitation, the others become more inhibited • The spatially encoded signal is amplified through the network (in inhibition-dominated regimes) • Dynamical system’s perspective: these effects arise due to a change in the effective connectivity • As the population activity becomes increasingly entrained by input for larger m, the spectral radius contracts with network depth, suggesting a decrease in the richness of the dynamics • Modular projections onto the inhibitory populations stabilize the system 5. Constraints on the map size • Trade-offbetween modularity and map size, lower bound on map size • Cluster overlap has a clear detrimental effect on the task performance • Progressively larger clusters mimicking an anatomical feature of cortical maps [3] can lead to substantial performance improvement for moderate topographic precision Discussion • Structured connectivity, (possibly) in form of modular topographic projections, is required for accurate information transmission and can enhance spatial features of the input • The denoising phenomena relies on increasingly inhibition-dominated regimes in the hierarchy that emerge through modular projections • Role of topographic modularity in denoising can be understood as a transient, stimulus-specific change in the effec | poster |
Introduction WiNGS is a federated platform aimed at privacy-preserving but cross-center collaborations on genomic data. It contains the necessary modules to annotate both variants and samples, control data access and perform in depth data analysis. It is an open-source and collaborative genetic variant interpretation platform to analyze DNA variants in both research and diagnostic settings. WiNGS can be accessed interactively using the web-based user-interface. Additionally, WiNGS offers RESTful API which can be integrated into existing routine pipelines. Federated approach for genomics data sharing and analysis N.Sattanathan1, B.Huremagic2, J.Vermeesch2,Y.Moreau2, G.Vandeweyer1 1. University of Antwerp, Belgium ; 2. Catholic University of Leuven WiNGS Infrastructure Analysis approach WiNGS features a powerful and versatile module for a variety of sample based analyses, including single sample and trio-based. Trio-based filtering can be applied on the precomputed subset of (non-) inherited variants. These can be de novo, maternal, paternal and recessive. Additionally, compound heterozygous variant filtering is also available as WiNGS REST API. Conclusion Access to WiNGS is provided as an online service equipped with multiple protection layers. First, the centrally managed access control list (ACL) regulates access to samples on a user, or center basis. Second, all sensitive data is fetched on demand from federated instances. Finally, all communication within the system and with the user is encrypted and authenticated. WiNGS Central Infrastructure handles access control, data visualisation and all communication with the federated client hubs(Center). Client hubs hosting WiNGS API are deployed on premise as containerized applications and manage all the sensitive data. WiNGS provides the means to apply genome sequencing both in routine diagnostics and research environments. It is a privacy-preserving federated solution which can be used interactively and also automated. REST API Integration Annotation Options Existing WiNGS infrastructure annotates variants with gene information, predicted functional effect, pathogenicity prediction, population frequencies and disease associations available in ClinVar. (Non) Coding Annotations Variant annotations framework will be extended to report and filter based on the below (non) coding annotations. Regulatory region observed in specific cell types... Splice AI and MaxEntScan – Splicing. Genome Wide Annotation of Variants. Availability www.wings-platform.org Functional filtering strategy can be applied on a single sample , trio-based subset or variant based subset. Variant based analysis approach, variant discovery is the multi-tier processing flow of WiNGS, allowing simultaneous querying of full-access and anonymized data. Querying for gene/region of interest, queries all clients for variants within the request data type. WiNGS Representational State Transfer(REST) API offers support to integrate WiNGS requests into existing pipelines. API Response is structured in JSON format.To get access to this feature, registered WiNGS users can generate API token using the WiNGS interface. | poster |
Eggsplorer: A workflow to rapidly evaluate insect resistance based on oviposition 1 Micha Gracianna Devi, Dan Jeric Arcega Rustia Main advantages: 1. 2 . 3. Documentedimages of leaves. High throughputscreening . Handles eggsbetweenhoneydew. 4. Website-based (internal). 5. Exporteddata (.xlsx) of egg countand processedimage wit h level of confidence. Things to be optimized: • Under/overestimationof egg count . ↳The more variationin imag es fortraining, thesmarter the program becomes. Thingsto consider: 1. How low canitgo? Magnification, resolution, cost. 2. How efficientin termsof time & human resource? Acknowledgement: Bart van Marrewij k Jochen Hemmi ng Kas Swink els Lize B raat Wendy van’tWestende 1 2 1 Insect Resistance Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands 2 GreenhouseTechnology, WageningenUniversityandResearch, TheNetherlands Federico F. Espinosa Gina Pavloupolo u Harlino Prayud ha Keming Su 1.High quantityof samples forphenotypingpopulation. 2.Manual quantificationusingbinocularrequiresconstant focus adjustment; a lot of time is required. 3.Leafsamples aftercountingare thendiscarded; no documentation. 4.Variationin human eyecapacity; human error. Tomato Potato , Lotte Caarls Arabidopsis Challengesin conductingwhiteflyassays Abstract Up to date, conventional method is still used to quantify insect eggs for evaluating plant resistance. Commonly, this method includes the use of a binocular and manually adjusting the focus over a leaf segment, followed by counting with a ticke r whenever an egg is spotted. This procedure is laborious and require a good eye skill to distinguish the eggs. In susceptib le toma to a nd pota to plant s, whitefli es c an l ay mo re th an a hundr ed eg gs insi de a cl ip ca ge (⌀ 2 cm ). The se eg gs are sometimes packed in an area and ranges from translucent green to brown depending on the age. Moreover, whitefly eggs that are cov ere d in whit efly h oney dew and hi dden a mong trich omes are diffi cul t to det ect. Furtherm ore, t her e is a limitation to electronically document samples using images from a binocular. Eggsplorer is a workflow especially dev eloped to rapidly evaluate whitefly oviposition. This include the use of a digital microscope that can quickly capture high res olution Z-stacked collages of the whole leaf surface, then importing the images to the Eggsplorer program for egg quantific ation. A deep learning model, based on YOLOv5 , was trained to detect the eggs automatically in the images and deployed using an executable graphical user interface. As evaluated using a testing image dataset, the algorithm has an average accura cy of 0.93 with an error of ± 7 eggs per image and average r2 of 0.95, relative to the manual count.Up to date, conventional method is still used to quantify insect eggs for evaluating plant resistance. Commonly, this method includes the use of a binocular and manually adjusting the focus over a leaf segment, followed by counting with a ticker whenever an egg is spotted. This procedure is laborious and require a good eye skill to distinguish the eggs. In susceptible tomato and potato plants, whiteflies can lay more than a hundred eggs inside a clip cage (⌀ 2 cm). These eggs are sometimes packed in an area and ranges from translucent green to brown depending on the age. Moreover, whitefly eggs that are covered in whitefly honey dew and hidden among trichomes are difficult to detect. Furthermore, there is a limitation to electronically document samples using images from a binocular. Eggsplorer is a workflow especially developed to rapidly evaluate whitefly oviposition. This include the use of a digital microscope that can quickly capture high resolution Z-stacked collages of the whole leaf surface, then importing the images to the Eggsplorer program for egg quantification. A deep learning model, based on YOLOv5 , was trained to detect the eggs automatically in the images and deployed using an executable graphical user interface. As e | poster |
GENGA, a GPU N-body integrator for planet formation and planetary system evolution Simon L. Grimm Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern The Solar System contains more than 1 Million known asteroids. Some on near Earth orbits. Timing on NVIDIA and AMD GPUs Dynamics of small bodies in the Solar System. Including Yarkovsky effect, Poynting Robertson drag and mean motion resonances. 10 million years after an asteroid collision, fragments collide with the Earth. Planets are formed by collisions of planetesimals. Gas drag leads to an inward drift of the bodies. Mean motion resonances of Jupiter and Saturn increase the eccentricities. The N-body problem includes N2 force calculations per time step. A symplectic integrator is used to conserve energy over many billions of time steps. | poster |
Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani , Shubash Shander Ganapathy , Chong Zhuo Lin , Halizah Mat Rifin , Mohammad Nazaruddin Bahari , Muhammad Haikal Ghazali , Noor Aliza Lodz , Muhammad Hafizuddin Taufik Ramli , Nur Liana Ab Majid , Jane Ling Miaw Yn , Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff , Noor Ani Ahmad , Anita Suleiman , Ahmad Faudzi Yusoff , Venugopalan Balan , Sha’ari Ngadiman Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Selangor State Health Department (JKNS), Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, WP Putrajaya, Malaysia Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Selangor, Malaysia NMRR-20-720-54598 1. Wold Health Organization. WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic - WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19- 11 March 2020. Geneva2020 [cited 2020 14 April]. Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-gener- al-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020. 2. Ministry of Health Malaysia. Official Portal Ministry of Health Malaysia, Latest COVID-19 Statistic in Malaysia by MOH as at 5:00pm, April 14th: Ministry of Health Malaysia; 2020 [cited 2020 14 April]. Available from: http://ww- w.moh.gov.my/index.php/pages/view/2019-ncov-wuhan. 3. Li B, Yang J, Zhao F, Zhi L, Wang X, Liu L, et al. Prevalence and impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19 in China. Clinical Research in Cardiology. 2020:1-8. 4. Ruan Q, Yang K, Wang W, Jiang L, Song J. Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China. Intensive care medicine. 2020:1-3. 5. Guan W-j, Ni Z-y, Hu Y, Liang W-h, Ou C-q, He J-x, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020. 6. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavi- rus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497-506. 7. Novel CPERE. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China. Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi= Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi. 2020;41(2):145. 8. COVID-19 Surveillance Group. Characteristics of COVID-19 patients dying in Italy: report based on available data on March 20th, 2020. Rome, Italy: Instituto Superiore Di Sanita; 2020. 2020. 9. Yang J, Zheng Y, Gou X, Pu K, Chen Z, Guo Q, et al. Prevalence of comorbidities in the novel Wuhan coronavirus (COVID-19) infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020. References related to Invasive Ventilatory Support among COVID-19 cases in Selangor, Malaysia P-16 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic1. Malaysia has also not been spared from the pandemic with a total of 4,987 infected people and 82 deaths up to April 14, 2020 2. A number of studies have shown that underlying comorbidities are predictors of severe disease outcome and greatly affect the prognosis of the COVID-19 patients3-4. COVID-19 causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and is often associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission and subsequent mortality. Identifying the risk factors that predicts severity and outcome of COVID-19 patients early in the presentation would be extremely helpful for clinicians in managing the patients • This is a retrospective study using data collected during COVID-19 outbreak in Selangor, Malaysia. • COVID-19 confirmed cases in Selangor that were notified up to 13th April 2020 were included into this study. • A positive case of COVID-19 is confirmed based on positive Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain React | poster |
Innovative Research for a Sustainable Future www.epa.gov/research Tom Knudsen | knudsen.thomas@epa.gov l 919-541-9776 Computational Modeling of Limb-Bud Dysmorphogenesis: Predicting Cellular Dynamics and Key Events in Developmental Toxicity with a Multicellular Systems Model BK Ahir1, ES Hunter2, NC Baker3, RM Spencer3, RS Dewoskin4, TB Knudsen1 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development 1National Center for Computational Toxicology, 2National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 3Lockheed Martin, 4National Center for Environmental Assessment 4. TOXICODYNAMICS: predicting key events 5. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF A MULTICELLULAR SIMULATION o Predictive Toxicology :- new way to integrate masses of HTS data into knowledge of a system o Parameter Sweeps :- high-throughput hypothesis testing to inform experimental design o Mechanistic Models :- track lesion propagation through higher levels of biological organization o Temporal Analysis :- pinpoint key events and mine for quantitative relationships o Dose Predictivity :- compare diverse exposure scenarios across dose, time, duration & mixtures DISCLAIMER: does not reflect EPA policy GENETIC PERTURBATION: hindlimb-bud shown at MCS intervals 10k, 20k, 30k & 40k with SHH field for normal and ‘virtual knockouts’ disabled for Shh or Gli3 genes (wild-type contour traced magenta). Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) and Zone of Polarizing Activity (ZPA) are major signaling centers; pivotal signaling pathways fibroblast growth factor (FGF), sonic hedgehog (SHH), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and retinoic acid (RA) were modeled in CellDesigner (www.celldesigner.org/). 1. COMPUTATIONAL EMBRYOLOGY & PREDICTIVE TOXICOLOGY HYPOTHESIS: a computer model that simulates cellular function in a growing embryo can be used to predict the potential impact of chemical exposure during early limb development. 2. SIGNALING NETWORK: spatial information processing Query of Mouse Genome Informatics database (www.informatics.jax.org/) by ‘abnormal limb bud morphology’ (MP:0005650) returned genes for 132 relevant genotypes. An e-Library developed from these genes (31,701 PubMed records annotated by MeSH terms for limb development) returned 81 genes regulating early limb morphogenesis. CONTROL NETWORK CELL AGENT-BASED MODEL (ABM): multicellular and signaling dynamics were modeled in CompuCell3D (www.compucell3d.org/); the small working prototype simulated mouse hindlimb-bud development between Theiler stages 16-19 (~42h) in ~42,000 Monte Carlo Steps (MCS). 3. CELLULAR DYNAMICS: translation of spatial information o Disabling Shh in the model simulates undergrowth of limb-bud o SHH: posterior regulation of digit number & identity o Disabling Gli3 in the model leads to precocious overgrowth o GLI3R: blocked by SHH but negatively regulates Shh-expression o Future Goal: Model the emergence of digital rays Wild-type Shh-null Gli3-null Rate of elongation (n=5) Shh cell lineage (n=5) Wild-type Shh-null Gli3-null Predicted outcomes digital patterns inferred from the literature; not yet implemented in the model exposure Adhesion Apoptosis Differentiation Migration Mitosis Shape Size AER ZPA Cellular behaviors Signals Simulated outgrowth Shh cell lineage (n=10) control excess apoptosis mitotic arrest mixed effect exposed at MCS 32-38k Excessive apoptosis (n=10) CONTROL APOPTOSIS MITOTIC MIXED scan QR codes to run simulation on mobile device CHEMICAL DISRUPTION: How might local effects predicted by in vitro high-throughput screening (HTS) data such as ToxCast™propagate through the pivotal SHH cell lineage in silico to predict, therefore, a key event in vivo? EXAMPLE: 5-Fluorouracil, a teratogen that disrupts digit formation, perturbed 13 of 650 ToxCast HTS assays at ≤15 µM: impaired differentiation and increased cell loss (excessive apoptosis); p53- induction, mitotic arrest and cell death. These effects can be fed into the model for translation into predicted outcomes. o Model reac | poster |
Effects of C-peptide on Adipocytes and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Human Adipose Tissue Ahmad Ghorbani1, Mohammad Taghi Rajabi-Mashhadi2, Seyyed Abbas Zojaji1, Reza Shafiee-Nick1 1Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2Endoscopic & Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran ABSTRACT Recent studies suggest that proinsulin connecting peptide (C-peptide) may show physiological functions in various tissues. This study was aimed to determine whether C-peptide could be involved in the regulation of lipolysis, adiponectin release, and function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in adipose tissue. Human subcutaneous adipose tissue was cultured in the presence of C-peptide and lipolysis was determined by glycerol measurement in the conditioned media. Effect of C-peptide on adiponectin secretion was evaluated in differentiated adipocytes. The adipogenic and osteogenic abilities of adipose MSCs were evaluated using Oil Red and Alizarin Red staining, respectively. C-peptide induced a significant decrease in basal lipolysis, a slight decrease (statistically insignificant) in isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis, and a slight increase in adiponectin secretion at concentration of 8 nM, 16 nM and 4 nM, respectively. It had no effect on adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. However, at concentration of 4 nM, C-peptide significantly increased the proliferative capability of MSCs (p<0.05). These results suggest that C-peptide has physiological effects in human subcutaneous adipose tissue and contributes to the regulation of basal lipolysis and pool of MSCs. INTRODUCTION Recent data suggest that proinsulin C-peptide may exhibit characteristics of a peptide hormone and show physiological functions in various tissues. Diabetic patients show a spectrum of abnormalities in lipid metabolism including uncontrolled lipolysis, and dysregulation of adipogenesis and lipogenesis in adipose tissue. These abnormalities are associated with development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Also, there are some reports that diabetes may impair mobilization ability and wound healing capability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Until now, the effects of C-peptide on adipose tissue are not yet well known. The aim of this study was to examine whether CP could be involved in the regulation of lipolysis, adiponectin secretion, and proliferation and differentiation abilities of MSCs in human adipose tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were obtained from patients undergoing conventional intra- abdominal surgery. Effect of C-peptide on lipolysis was evaluated in ex-vivo organ culture condition and the level of lipolysis was determined by measurement of glycerol. In separate experiments, MSCs were isolated from adipose tissue samples using collagenase-based technique. Effect of C-peptide on proliferation of MSCs was evaluated using MTT assay. The adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation abilities of adipose MSCs were evaluated using Oil Red and Alizarin Red staining, respectively. Effect of C-peptide on adiponectin secretion was evaluated in differentiated adipocytes. RESULTS C-peptide significantly reduced the level of basal lipolysis (p < 0.05) and showed a slight inhibitory effect (statistically insignificant) on isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis (Fig. 1). Flow cytometric analysis showed that the MSCs were positive for stem cell-associated markers (CD44 and CD105) and negative for haematopoietic markers (CD34 and CD45). C-peptide at concentrations of 1-16 nM increased proliferation of MSCs (Fig. 2). The effect of C-peptide at 4 nM was statistically significant. Figure 3 shows that C-peptide at concentrations of 4-16 nM had no effect on the level of osteogenic differentiation. Figure 4 demonstrates that | poster |
1. Periodic representation 2. Modular organization with different periods: – relatively narrow range of periods – no grid with very low or high spatial frequencies; e.g. 0.3 ~ 1.3 m [Hafting 2005, Stensola 2012] 3. Uniform phase coverage within a module. An Optimization Principle for the Emergence of Grid Cell Codes Tzuhsuan Ma1 and Ila Fiete1 1Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts Definition of grid cells Inferred properties of grid representation Background / past work on emergence of grid cells Results Advantage of using constant frequency ratio? Exploring contribution of the loss terms Conclusions 1. We find a minimal set of sufficient conditions for the emergence of grid cell codes. 2. These conditions demand a high-capacity, robust, and translationally-invariant code, and we find that grid cell code is the only solution satisfying them simultaneously. 3. We find no structure in period ratio in these conditions. The observed constant period ratio must come from the other constraints. 1. Remarkable advantages in coding: – exponential-capacity code [Fiete 2008] – robust, error-correcting code [Sreenivasan 2011] – accurate path-integration code [Burak 2009] – parallel operations [Fiete 2008], and many others. 1. Unsupervised, single module – Hebbian learning of recurrent weights with place-cell inputs → grid cells [Widloski 2014] – Hebbian learning of feedforward weights with place-cell inputs → grid cells [Dordek 2016] 2. Supervised – Learning of RNNs with a spatial integration task → periodic responses, no modules [Cueva 2018] – Learning of RNNs with a spatial integration task and a 50%-drop out layer → periodic responses with modules [Banino 2018] Cons: 1) Results largely depend on many constraints and fine-tuning of many hyperparameters. 2) No single explicit objective → architecture, dynamics, input/output encoding, and various other constraints all influence the solution that emegences. References 1. Banino, A. et al. Vector-based navigation using grid-like representations in artificial agents. Nature 26, (2018). 2. Burak, Y. & Fiete, I. R. Accurate path integration in continuous attractor network models of grid cells. PLoS Comput. Biol. 5, (2009). 3. Cueva, C. J. & Wei, X.-X. Emergence of grid-like representations by training recurrent neural networks to perform spatial localization. ICLR 2018 1–19 (2018). 4. Dordek, Y., Soudry, D., Meir, R. & Derdikman, D. Extracting grid cell characteristics from place cell inputs using non-negative principal compo- nent analysis. Elife 5, 1–36 (2016). 5. Fiete, I. R., Burak, Y. & Brookings, T. What Grid Cells Convey about Rat Location. J. Neurosci. 28, 6858–6871 (2008). 6. Hafting, T., Fyhn, M., Molden, S., Moser, M. B. & Moser, E. I. Microstructure of a spatial map in the entorhinal cortex. Nature 436, 801–806 (2005). 7. Sreenivasan, S. & Fiete, I. R. Grid cells generate an analog error-correcting code for singularly precise neural computation. Nat. Neurosci. 14, 1330–1337 (2011). 8. Stensola, H. et al. The entorhinal grid map is discretized. Nature 492, 72–78 (2012). 9. Widloski, J. & Fiete, I. R. A Model of Grid Cell Development through Spatial Exploration and Spike Time-Dependent Plasticity. Neuron 83, 481–495 (2014). 10. Wei, X. X., Prentice, J. & Balasubramanian, V. A principle of economy predicts the functional architecture of grid cells. Elife 4, 1–29 (2015). What do we want to optimize? The loss functions Loss 1 maximizes coding separability. → high capacity robust code. Loss 2 minimizes variance along the diagonals of distance matrix. → translationally invariant (TI) code. Loss 3 minimizes sparsity of the representation. → representation with narrow range of firing rate. Our appoach 1. We define an optimization problem purely from coding perspective. 2. Our setup is transparent without implicit dynamical constraints of RNNs position (m) cell i initial tuning curves initial spectrum final unsorted tuning | poster |
Figure 3.4: Body size governs relative time invested in temperature regulation Ratios of the time it takes to cool down versus the time it takes to warm up in crocodiles in air and in water (Smith 1976) compared to a stacked histogram of terrestrial and aquatic body masses. Larger sizes require less warming time with respect to cooling time. Living in air is thermally advantageous at smaller size whereas living in water is preferable at larger size. 3. Results 1. Introduction Twenty-four species of crocodile populate the globe today, but this richness represents a minute fraction of the diversity and disparity of Crocodyliformes since their origin early in the Triassic. Across this clade, three major diversification events into the aquatic realm have occurred. Aquatic and terrestrial habitats impose differing selective pressures on body size. However, previous research on this topic in Crocodyliformes remains qualitative in nature. In this study, our goal was to quantify the influence of habitat (terrestrial versus aquatic) on the evolution of body size in Crocodyliformes. We find a history of repeated body size increase and convergence following shifts to an aquatic lifestyle, suggesting common selective pressures on life in water spanning multiple independent aquatic clades. Convergent body size evolution of Crocodyliformes upon entering the aquatic realm 2. Materials and Methods William Gearty* and Jonathan L. Payne Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University *wgearty@stanford.edu 4. Conclusions • All three aquatic clades converge on greater optima, with shorter phylogenetic half-lives and smaller stationary variances • Lung volume, which has long been proposed as the main constraint on diving capacity, is only a constraint at sizes greater than 10 kg • The rate of cooling strongly constrains diving capacity at sizes smaller than 10 kg and may be the primary driver of larger body sizes in diving crocodyliformes General Equation of an OU Model: 𝒅𝑿𝒕= 𝜶𝜽−𝑿(𝑡) 𝒅𝒕+ 𝝈𝒅𝑩(𝒕) 𝑋𝑡: initial body size 𝛂: strength of selection 𝑑𝑋𝑡: change in body size 𝛔: intensity of random drift 𝑑𝐵(𝑡): random variation 𝛉: body size optimum Figure 2.1: Maximum clade credibility tree of Crocodyliformes showing invasions of the aquatic realm within three clades Summary tree of posterior distribution of trees from MrBayes characterless tip-dating analysis of the Crocodyliformes supertree. Tips without habitat and/or size data were dropped. Tip labels indicate terrestrial and aquatic species. Figure 3.1: Aquatic clades converge on larger body size optima Weighted means and 2σ confidence intervals of model-averaged body mass optima (θ) as estimated by OUwie analyses for terrestrial and aquatic regimes. Aquatic clades have statistically greater body mass optima than the terrestrial regime (p < .001, Mann-Whitney test). • Calculated body masses of 249 crocodyliformes (living and extinct) using measurements from primary literature • Assigned habitats based on compilations and primary literature • Crocodyliformes supertree (Bronzati et al. 2015) • Species fossil ranges from compilations and PBDB • Characterless tip-dating analysis using R and MrBayes • Macroevolutionary Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) model fitting • OUwie R package (Beaulieu et al. 2012) • Results model-averaged across 17 different models using AIC Figure 3.2: Aquatic clades converge on shorter phylogenetic half-lives Boxplots of model-averaged phylogenetic half-lives (ln(2)/α) as estimated by OUwie analyses for terrestrial and aquatic regimes. Outliers have been removed. Aquatic clades have statistically shorter phylogenetic half- lives compared to the terrestrial regime (p < .001, Mann-Whitney test). Figure 3.3: Aquatic clades converge on smaller stationary variances Boxplots of model-averaged stationary variances (σ2/(2*α))as estimated by OUwie analyses for terrestrial and aquatic regimes. Outliers have been removed. Aquatic clades have statistically smaller stationary variances compared t | poster |
Principal soil series Blount series -On till planes of Wisconsin age, formed in silty clay loam or clay loam till -Fine, illitic, mesic Aeric Epiaqualfs Pewamo series -On moraines, near-shore zones,and lake planes, formed in till -Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Epiaqualfs Obtain and prepare yield monitor data. Original estimates from yield monitor -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 % IncMSE Relationships between crop yield and landscape features Ashley Kissick, James Camberato, and Robert Nielsen Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA U N I V E R S I T Y R Introduction Sound agronomic recommendations are crucial for today’s agronomists as they strive for improved yields, profits, and sustainability. Determining the spatial relationships between yield and landscape variation including soil properties, soil texture, and terrain attributes may improve management decisions, particularly with regards to proper nitrogen applicaiton for minimizing both costs to farmers and environmental impacts. Here, we investigate relationships between landscape features and corn yield as part of a preliminary study to model corn yield with variations in landscape attributes, soil properties, and weather. Use cluster analysis to select unique terrain attributes. Select most important variables for model using Random Forest. Variable importance 1. Topographic position index 5. Vertical distance to channel network 4. Valley depth 6. Convergence index 7. Flow accumulation 8. SAGA topographic wetness index 9. Catchment area 10. Topographic wetness index 11. Longitudinal curvature 12. Slope 13. Catchment slope 14. Cross-sectional curvature 15. Diurnal anisotropic heating 3. Modified catchment area 2. Relative slope position -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 %IncMSE 0 10 20 30 40 50 Height 6. Convergence Index 2. Relative Slope Position 1. Topographic Position Index 5. Vertical Distance to Channel Network 3. Modified Catchment Area 4. Valley Depth 8. SAGA Topographic Wetness Index 9. Catchment area 7. Flow Accumulation Field site Questions? Ashley L. Kissick, Ph.D. akissick@purdue.edu 5m raster of yield Calculate terrain attributes from digital elevation model. Catchment area Catchment slope Convergence index Cross-sectional curvature Diurnal anisotropic heating Flow accumulation Longitudinal curvature Modified catchment area Relative slope position Slope Topographic position index Topographic wetness index SAGA topographic wetness index Valley depth Vertical distance to channel network 657200 657300 657400 4456850 4456950 4457050 293.0 293.5 294.0 294.5 295.0 295.5 296.0 Elevation, m 293.0 293.5 294.0 294.5 295.0 295.5 296.0 Lag distance (m) Yield residuals 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.2 0 100 150 200 50 250 Semivariance range SAGA GIS Use variogram range as distance for spatial weight matrix Run two models for spatial processes: Predicted Yield 1. Spatial lag model: Υ = ρWΥ + Xβ + ε 2. Spatial error model: Υ = Xβ + η, η = λWη + ε Lowest AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) Predictors W Results Discussion The most important terrain attributes for predicting corn yield were relative slope position, topographic wetness index, topographic position index, and catchment slope. These results demonstrate that models for predicting corn yield in Indiana need to include landscape features for increased model performance. Since this preliminary study, we have added soil texture and soil properties to the models at the Davis Purdue Agricultural Center. This has substantially improved all models. This analysis met one objective of a larger investigation that will incorporate soil properties, soil texture, and weather patterns into models of corn yield across Indiana landscapes. The focus of future work will investigate relationships between yield and terrain attributes, soil properties, and weather patterns aross Indiana, USA. Standardized coefficient Estimate p-value Topographic position index -0.49 5.51e-05 Catchment slope -0.19 0.03 Silt 0.70 2.20e-16 Topographic wetness index 0.30 9.00e-04 Longitudin | poster |
Language as a Reflection of Mental Time Travel Leon Derczynski, Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield Basic tenses need mental time travel Languages communicates temporality in verbs in two ways: tense and aspect. There are formal models for these, e.g. Reichenbach. This breaks verbs into three times: E – event time – when it happened R – reference time – the viewpoint S – speech time – when it was uttered Ref. time invokes an abstract viewing point Determining R tells you where observer is Temporal expressions relate distance Expressions of time may give a granularity “It will happen in two weeks” “And two minutes later, it landed” However, while we might use “one year”, we will rarely say “three hundred and sixty five days” Granularity gives not only precision - it also the distance from “now” Larger units → longer conceptual distance The grounding time is reference time, R, which tends to centre narratives. “ON an exceptionally hot evening early in July a young man came out of the garret in which he lodged in S. Place ...” Tense with specific distance Each system of describing time evokes temporal contexts Their semantic vary depending on listener, word choice, and world model I will be there soon I will be there soon I will be there soon Some language systems attach specific distances to tenses Bamileke-Dschang: 1. She [has just] bargained 2. She bargained [earlier today] 3. She bargained [yesterday] 4. She bargained [before yesterday; some days ago] 5. She bargained [a long time ago, e.g. a year or more] “I had eaten” “I will have eaten” “I ate” E S,R E E S E R S R Target near to current time: small, precise unit Target far from current time: large unit, unfocused Funded by the EC’s FP7 under grant 611223 | poster |
COUNTRY Finland KEY WORDS Remote sensing, drones, decision support systems, precision agriculture DISCLAIMER This Practice Abstract reflects only the author’s view and the Branches project is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. 46 Drones detect local variations and provide tools for agriculture Drone technologies provide tools for improving processes in agriculture and horticulture. Drones are utilized to gain knowledge for precision farming actions, document interesting phenomenon and to get general information from the fields. Drones can contribute the farming firstly by providing relative information about variation within the studied area like the yield amount, secondly by providing absolute information about the studied phenomenon like infestation status and thirdly by accomplishing small works like reseeding. The first two examples are based on imaging and the third applies specific tools developed for the drone. The drone imaging is based on passive remote sensing. The imaging data is processed to georeferenced orthomosaic of the studied area and then classified to relative classes that can be converted to absolute values by additional information. Results are like a yield map, a specific nutrient status map, soil moisture map, vegetation density or crop loss map, a weed area map or a relative infestation map. Spatial analysis methodologies or machine learning technologies are used for the classification. Additional methodologies are needed to put the classification information into actions. By the decision support systems by the detected nitrogen level variation is adjusted to the additional nitrogen fertilizer application plan. The drones that accomplish works are fully integrated systems with maximum payload being tens of kilograms. Drones do not harm the cultivated vegetation, so they can work on demand. The drones are doing pollination, fertilizer application, spraying, seeding, biological plant protection. The aviation rules regulate these operations. Drones will not replace heavy machinery and new approaches are under development. The potential of reducing chemical usage and reducing nutrient leach with working drones is huge since their capability of working repeatedly on demand without disrupting the primary vegetation. DOWNLOAD www.branchesproject.eu AUTHORS Jere Kaivosoja Oiva Niemeläinen | poster |
Modulation of early visual processing alleviates capacity limits in solving multiple tasks Sushrut Thorat1, Giacomo Aldegheri1, Marcel A. J. Van Gerven, Marius V. Peelen 1 Equal contribution Donders Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Correspondence: s.thorat & g.aldegheri @donders.ru.nl E X P E R I M E N T A L M A N I P U L A T I O N R E S U LT S C O N C L U S I O N S R E F E R E N C E S N E T W O R K D E S C R I P T I O N P R O B L E M D E S C R I P T I O N Cheung, B., Terekhov, A., Chen, Y., Agrawal, P., & Olshausen, B. (2019). Superposition of many models into one. arXiv preprint arXiv:1902.05522. Gilbert, C. D., & Li, W. (2013). Top-down influences on visual processing. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 14 (5), 350–363. Thorat, S., van Gerven, M., & Peelen, M. (2018). The functional role of cue-driven feature-based feedback in object recognition. In Conference on Cognitive Computational Neuroscience, CCN 2018 (pp. 1–4) Identity? Emotion? modulation Object detection as multiple one vs. all classification tasks (is this object present/absent?) • Objects: MNIST digits and their permutations When could early modulation be beneficial, in addition to late modulation, in a neural network? (i.e. overcome its wiring cost) When there are capacity limits, caused by e.g.: Small number of neurons in the network Large number of tasks the network has to perform How does the detection performance boost provided by the addition of early modulation vary with the number of tasks and units in the network? Main contrast: modulating early & late neural processing (L1 → L2 & L2 → L3) vs. modulating late only (L2 → L3) • Measure of interest: detection performance • Manipulation: number of tasks (100, 250, 500), and number of units in the hidden layer (32, 64, 128) The performance boost provided by additionally modulating early processing is • directly proportional to the number of tasks • inversely proportional to number of units in hidden layer M E T H O D S In a multi-task scenario, extracting features common to all tasks might not always be possible. Modulating early visual processing can allow early selection of task-relevant information (Gilbert & Li, 2013) 784 N CUE L1 L2 L3 x3 = [W3(g2 ∘x2)+ b3]+ L1 → L2 L2 → L3 Decision (Present / Absent) • MLP with one hidden layer • Variable number of units (N) in the hidden layer • One-hot cue indicates the task (which digit to detect) • Cue modulates transformations via bias and gain • Main network and modulation are trained jointly • Cue either modulates only the late or both early & late transformations Modulation of early neural processing increases multi-tasking performance in conditions of limited network capacity. Are the advantages of early modulation dependent on a neural network’s capacity limits? Capacity limits can be a result of there being limited number of neurons in the network and/or too many (difficult) tasks. Is this the role of early sensory modulation in biological brains? Forgoing wiring costs in favour of optimality? Further work should look at more natural datasets and tasks: Permuted-MNIST limits the sharing of early visual features In a naturalistic dataset (CIFAR, ImageNet) the effect of early modulation might be different because low-level features are shared across categories Bias modulation does not aid performance on top of gain modulation. e.g. Network (32 units, 25 tasks, early+late) trained with: • gain only modulation: 94.8% • bias only modulation: 90.9% • bias & gain modulation: 94.7% I N T R O D U C T I O N Increasing task difficulty (adding noise to digits) also increases performance boost. Modulation Permutation 1 Permutation 2 | poster |
Listing of patient-matched 3D-printed radiotherapy bolus on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods Scott Crowe1,2,3,4, Becca Murray2, Tania Poroa1, Jenna Luscombe1, Debra Vincent1, Alex Livingstone1, Rachael Wilks1,2,3, Tanya Kairn1,2,3,4 1 Royal Brisbane & Women’s Hospital; 2 Herston Biofabrication Institute; 3 University of Queensland; 4 Queensland University of Technology Introduction 3D-printed radiotherapy bolus meets the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) definition of a patient- matched medical device and is therefore subject to regulatory provisions. Specifically, a manufacturer must have the device listed on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG) as a class I non-measuring, non-sterile device before it can be supplied (i.e. used clinically). This requires a statement or demonstration of compliance with Essential Principles, which define the requirements for safety and performance, the satisfaction of which is summarised for bolus devices. Hazard and risk assessment A risk assessment was performed by a medical physicist, and peer reviewed by an engineer, radiation therapist and physics director. Potential hazard categories were taken from the essential principles checklist, and where potential failure modes existed, controls to minimise risk were conceived and implemented (e.g. quality control tests, instructions for use, technical file documentation). Design and manufacturing plan The technical file for the type of device included a design and a manufacturing plan, informed by ISO 13485.These: • described the device and how it differed from other solutions (e.g. sheet bolus, wax); • identified the stakeholders in design and production; • listed the design and manufacturing requirements (e.g. radiological, geometric, material properties); • described the design and manufacturing processes (e.g. segmentation, printing, post-processing); • established the responsibilities of staff members; • described how the design or manufactured device was verified or validated as meeting the requirements (e.g. quality control tests); • summarised the instructions for use (e.g. assessment of fit, handling, cleaning, disposal of device). Conclusion The supply of in-house manufactured radiotherapy bolus was facilitated with the ARTG listing. The document templates and processes developed for bolus (and other Herston Biofabrication Institute devices) have subsequently been used for the ARTG listing of radiotherapy immobilisation and positioning devices manufactured and supplied at point-of-care. Case specific documentation For each patient case, the documentation requirements were specified in the technical file for the type of device. The request, design approval (within contour system), fabrication and quality control was captured within our oncology information system, MOSAIQ. This approach allowed responsibilities to be assigned to specific staff or staff groups, and allowed the planning therapist ultimately responsible for the device to monitor progress. Patient specific quality assurance require the acquisition of a CT image of the device, which was used for an assessment of relative electron density (by Hounsfield Unit conversion) and geometric agreement with approved model (by Hausdorff distance calculation). This process was automated through in-house developed software. Ongoing maintenance and quality control testing of the printer was implemented within the departmental QATrack+ system database. A consumable inventory system was implemented within our mould room. | poster |
Classification of Open Access Tupels 2,4,2,1,1 Green We want your Data! → Der Aufruf wirkt! Mittlerweile sind die Daten von 24 Institutionen im Datahub erfasst und abgebildet, das heißt 17 öffentliche Universitäten und ISTA + private Universitäten, Fachhochschulen und Forschungsinstitute. Die abgebildeten Daten im Hub veranschaulichen einen sehr großen Teil der österreichischen, akademischen Publikationslandschaft. Open-Access-Anteile pro Jahr Publi- kation FIS / CRIS Teilprojekt 2 Austrian Datahub for Open Access Negotiations and Monitoring AT2OA2-Abschlussveranstaltung Universität Wien, 09.10.2024 | poster |
GIO Structure (partial) The genetic interaction ontology (GIO) incorporating the genetic interactions structured terminology (GIST) Genetic Interaction: Phenotype Modification vs. Unexpected Whereas many published definitions of “genetic interaction” assert that there must be a deviation from an expected double perturbation phenotype1-4, many examples of genetic interactions in the literature and in biological databases5-7 include phenotype modifications like suppression or enhancement that are not necessarily reported with an expected double perturbation trait value, precluding an analysis of expectation or deviation from it. For this reason, this genetic interaction ontology has two terms for genetic interaction distinguished by their meanings as either “sensu phenotype modification” or “sensu unexpected”. Both types of interactions provide meaningful insights into the biology of the genes in question, yet they have distinct sets of conclusions that can be drawn from them. This will be important for future curation and interpretation of genetic interactions catalogued by genetic interaction databases. References 1. Eddy SR. Genetics. Total information awareness for worm genetics. Science. 2006 Mar 10;311(5766):1381-2. PubMed PMID: 16527956. 2. Mani R, St Onge RP, Hartman JL 4th, Giaever G, Roth FP. Defining genetic interaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Mar 4;105(9):3461-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0712255105. Epub 2008 Feb 27. PubMed PMID: 18305163; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2265146. 3. Dixon SJ, Costanzo M, Baryshnikova A, Andrews B, Boone C. Systematic mapping of genetic interaction networks. Annu Rev Genet. 2009;43:601-25. doi: 10.1146/annurev.genet.39.073003.114751. Review. PubMed PMID: 19712041. 4. Baryshnikova A, Costanzo M, Myers CL, Andrews B, Boone C. Genetic interaction networks: toward an understanding of heritability. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 2013;14:111-33. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genom-082509-141730. Epub 2013 Jun 26. Review. PubMed PMID: 23808365. 5. Harris TW, Arnaboldi V, Cain S, Chan J, Chen WJ, Cho J, Davis P, Gao S, Grove CA, Kishore R, Lee RYN, Muller HM, Nakamura C, Nuin P, Paulini M, Raciti D, Rodgers FH, Russell M, Schindelman G, Auken KV, Wang Q, Williams G, Wright AJ, Yook K, Howe KL, Schedl T, Stein L, Sternberg PW. WormBase: a modern Model Organism Information Resource. Nucleic Acids Res. 2020 Jan 8;48(D1):D762-D767. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz920. PubMed PMID: 31642470. 6. Oughtred R, Stark C, Breitkreutz BJ, Rust J, Boucher L, Chang C, Kolas N, O'Donnell L, Leung G, McAdam R, Zhang F, Dolma S, Willems A, Coulombe-Huntington J, Chatr-Aryamontri A, Dolinski K, Tyers M. The BioGRID interaction database: 2019 update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019 Jan 8;47(D1):D529-D541. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky1079. PubMed PMID: 30476227; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6324058. 7. Thurmond J, Goodman JL, Strelets VB, Attrill H, Gramates LS, Marygold SJ, Matthews BB, Millburn G, Antonazzo G, Trovisco V, Kaufman TC, Calvi BR; FlyBase Consortium . FlyBase 2.0: the next generation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019 Jan 8;47(D1):D759-D765. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky1003. PubMed PMID: 30364959; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6323960. 8. Grove CA, Oughtred RW, Lee R, Dolinski K, Tyers M, Sternberg P, Baryshnikova A. Genetic Interactions Structured Terminology (GIST): A new standard for describing and annotating cross-species genetic interactions data. Biocuration 2017, Stanford University, Stanford CA. 9. Ashburner M, Ball CA, Blake JA, Botstein D, Butler H, Cherry JM, Davis AP, Dolinski K, Dwight SS, Eppig JT, Harris MA, Hill DP, Issel-Tarver L, Kasarskis A, Lewis S, Matese JC, Richardson JE, Ringwald M, Rubin GM, Sherlock G. Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology. The Gene Ontology Consortium. Nat Genet. 2000 May;25(1):25-9. PubMed PMID: 10802651; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3037419. 10. The Gene Ontology Consortium. The Gene Ontology Resource: 20 years and still GOing strong. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019 Jan 8;47(D1):D330-D338. doi: 10.1093/nar/gky1055. PubMed | poster |
Funded by the European Union Milestones to be delivered during the 2nd year of RD-Connect include the development of a centralised, searchable catalogue of registries, biobanks, and locus-specific database for rare diseases (M2.1) and the publication of guidelines for standardized access and operational workflow (M3.1). The catalogue is being developed in collaboration by WP2 and WP3. Sources : ORPHANET, EPIRARE, Treat-NMD, BBMRI, EuroBioBank, Telethon Network of Genetic Biobanks, among others. Searchable by: disease name, Orpha number, ICD-10, OMIM code, type of database, country. As compared to existing inventories, the RD- Connect catalogue should offer more detailed information on the content of each database (N of samples/registered cases for a certain disease) and be regularly updated by an automatic alert system and through the active participation of biobanks/registries. That would help researchers find information on the availability of the biomaterial/data they need and shorten the times required to achieve their research results. Also, the catalogue will promote networking interaction of its members. RD-Connect online catalogue of biobanks and registries: what do we add to the existing? Sabina Gainotti*, Paola Torreri*, Elena Bravo*, Domenica Taruscio*, Heimo Muller**, Robert Rehis**, Peter Abuja**, Gaelle Blandin***, Estrella Lopez****, Manuel Posada****, Marco Crimi*****, Lucia Monaco***** *Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; **Medical University of Graz, Austria; ***Univeristy of Marseille, France; **** Istituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; *****Telethon Foundation, Milan, Italy A template for a “visit/identity card” (ID card) has been created for pilot biobanks and registries included in the catalogue, providing essential information that researchers may need to know when they consult the catalogue: Name of the database; name of the P.I. and contact person(s); hosting country; year of establishment; sources of funding; diseases covered; procedures used for quality control. P.I. or registries/biobanks contact persons will be invited to check their ID cards with the request to accept/deny inclusion into the RD-Connect catalogue, and to provide further detail about quality standards and accessibility of samples and information. In order to achieve this goal the design of the “ID-card” will be based on proven Web 2.0/social media principles. | poster |
IODP Exp395: Reykjanes Mantle Convection and Climate Anita Di Chiara, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia ..to reach the objectives of Expedition: 1) Oceanic crust: to test contrasting hypotheses for the formation of V-shaped ridges and troughs 2) Ocean circulation: to understand temporal changes in ocean circulation and explore connections with plume activity 3) Chemistry and hydrothermal circulation: to reconstruct the evolving chemistry of hydrothermal fluids with increasing crustal age and varying sediment thickness and crustal architecture. Fig.1 Bathymetry of North Atlantic Ocean. Black labels = Expedition 395 sites, gray labels = Expedition 384 and 395C sites, brown polygons = contourite drifts A transect over the North Atlantic.. • Expedition 395 (July-August 2023), following the previous Expedition 384 (July-August 2020) and Expedition 395C (July-August 2021), drilled a transect of a total of six sites in the Reykjanes Ridge (North Atlantic Ocean), southwest of Iceland (Fig.1). • Around the Reykjanes Ridge, the oceanic crust is characterized by a series of V-shaped ridges and troughs (Fig.2), whose origin is uncertain. • In the North Atlantic there are (contourite) sediments, deposited over the last 5 million year, which allow for reconstructing past Ocean circulation. Fig.2 Free-air gravity anomaly, red star = Iceland plume center, arrows = V-shaped ridges. A paleomagnetist job on the JOIDES Resolution: • Dating the sediments: As the marine sediments retain a record of the past magnetic field variations, a paleomagnetist can use these variations (magnetic polarity changes) to assign an age by comparing these magnetic polarity changes to a reference Geomagnetic Polarity Time scale. The oldest age of the recovered sediments is 32 million of years. • How? Measuring remanent magnetization in all the archive half-cores (Fig. 3A) and on discrete cubes (Fig. 3B) collected in the working half- cores. Fig.3. A) Measuring the half-core magnetization using the shipboard Superconducting Rock Magnetometer; B) Measuring discrete cubes with the JR6 magnetometer. (Photo credit Jen Field-Outreach Officer). A B | poster |
A comprehensive approach to computational mass spectrometry quality control Wout Bittremieux, Hanny Willems, Lennart Martens, Bart Goethals, Dirk Valkenborg and Kris Laukens biomina Pattern mining Due to the curse of dimensionality, specialized data mining techniques are required to detect patterns in the high-dimensional quality control data. Subspace mining: • Find a suitable subset of the original feature space by disregarding irrelevant dimensions • Within each subspace: clustering, outlier detection, … Subspace clustering: 1. Subspace detection: Cartification4 & frequent itemset mining5 2. Clustering in the detected (low-dimensional) subspaces Detected subspaces: • Related metrics: significant overlap with previous manually defined groups of co-occurring metrics • New relationships between metrics to be validated using expert knowledge Detected clusters: • Highly dependent on projected subspaces • Capture valid relationships between experiments (Figure 2) • Indicate faulty experimental results (Figure 3) Figure 2: Subspace clustering is able to detect rela5onships between metrics. For example, experiments that have a higher number of MS1 scans due to a higher MS1 collec5on frequency are clustered together. Figure 3: Clusters can be linked to instrument performance. For example, the highlighted cluster indicates experiments where no MS2 scans were collected due to a broken S-‐lens. The awareness has risen that suitable quality control informa5on is mandatory to assess the validity of a mass spectrometry experiment. A complementary source of qualita5ve informa5on is available in the form of the mass spectrometer instrument seHngs, which provide addi5onal insights into the opera5onal characteris5cs of a mass spectrometer. Furthermore, we have developed specialized paJern mining algorithms to interpret this high-‐dimensional data. The derived paJerns could subsequently be used to op5mize experimental design and mass spectrometry instrument seHngs. Conclusion Biomedical Informatics Research Center Antwerp (biomina) & Advanced Database Research and Modeling (ADReM) research group Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Antwerp / Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium 1. Rudnick et al. (2010) Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 9:225–241. 2. Ma et al. (2012) Analytical Chemistry 84:5845–5850. 3. Bittremieux et al. In preparation. 4. Aksehirli et al. (2013) ICDM ’13 937–942. 5. Naulaerts et al. (2013) Briefings in Bioinformatics. References wout.biJremieux@uantwerpen.be Instrument monitoring Advantages of monitoring instrument settings: • Can be directly related to the part of the instrument that is malfunctioning • Highly sensitive ➞ Small differences in instrument behavior will be rapidly detected Logging of external events that occurred to the mass spectrometer instrument: • E.g. calibrations, (periodic) maintenance, unexpected incidents, … • Vital information when interpreting the evolution of the instrument settings over the course of multiple experiments iMonDB: Instrument MONitoring DataBase • Tools to extract instrument settings from experimental raw files and store these in a database for longitudinal analysis • Tools to visualize instrument settings and to record structured information about external events (Figure 1) • API for use by developers • Tools, documentation and source code released as open source and freely available from: https://bitbucket.org/proteinspector/jmondb/ Figure 1: Instrument behavior can be monitored over 5me and can be related to external events. For example, the turbo pump of the mass spectrometer broke down, resul5ng in an increased power consump5on, and had to be replaced. Mass spectrometry quality control Quality control data = standardized quality control samples (e.g. BSA samples): • Extensive frequency: Periodically ran before, during, and after experimental samples ➞ Detect problems as soon as possible • Low complexity ➞ Limited variability Two sources of quality contro | poster |
CONOCIMIENTO PARTICIPATIVO -Producción de conocimiento nuevo -Beneficios personales y sociales -Avances para el conocimiento científico Insumos para la transformación social TERRITORIO -Recurso natural -Espacio relacional -Dominación política -Representación simbólica -Territorio inmaterial Desigualdades socio- territoriales JUSTICIA AMBIENTAL Asimetrías en la toma de decisiones Movilización social y política -Movimiento social -Desigualdad en la distribución del riesgo ambiental Riesgo ambiental La producción de conocimiento participativo desde el territorio. Aportes para la justicia ambiental en la Cuenca Matanza-Riachuelo, Buenos Aires-Argentina Castro, Leticia y Arza, Valeria ¿De qué manera la participación social en la producción de conocimiento desde el territorio puede contribuir a impulsar soluciones que promuevan la justicia ambiental? CASO: CUENCA MATANZA RIACHUELO MARCO TEÓRICO MATRIZ DE ANÁLISIS DE CASOS EN PROCESO…. -Habitada por más de 4,5 millones de personas -Abarca 14 municipios,9 comunas 64 km, 2047 km2 -Valorado como recurso natural y patrimonio histórico, arqueológico y cultural -Contaminación de diversas fuentes: industriales, cloacales, residuos sólidos, producción agropecuaria CAUSA MENDOZA ANTICIPANDO LA CRECIDA- Arroyo Dupuy Laferrere INATURALIST Biodiversidad en la CMR CUENCA EN RED- Biocorredor del Cildañez TERRITORIO RS AN AN sobre representaciones previas corredor bio-cultural de la CMR Cuenca-Biocorredor- Red DESIGUALDAD P P P selección de más barrios afectados subcuencas; vulnerabilidad social zona Sudoeste de la CABA (Comunas 8 y 9) ASIMETRÍA EN LA TOMA DE DECISIONES RS RS AN asesoramiento a la gestión, jerarquización de actores comunitarios participación ciudadana-gestion responsable y sostenible gestión asociada RIESGO AMBIENTAL RS AN P medición y concientización sobre percepciones previas involucramiento y concientización factores de contaminación, contra el entubamiento MOVILIZACIÓN RS P RS trabajo con redes preexistentes énfasis en la participación ciudadana participación institucionalizada CONOCIMIENTO AN AN AN complementariedad de fuentes de datos crowdsourcing-grandes volúmenes de datos sobre el patrimonio enfoque transdisciplinario INSUMOS PARA LA TRANSFORMACIÓN AN AN AN para los sistemas de alerta temprana medición/reconocimient o de la biodiversidad para propuesta de corredor diseño de proyecto. orientación a la gestión -Entrevistas semi-estructuradas para conocer las percepciones de los beneficios personales, sociales y científicos de estas experiencias de conocimiento participativo -Fallo de la CSJN-2008 -Ordena la recomposición ambiental -Se instala como uno de los principales conflictos socio-ambientales del país This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA. Referencias: AN- Aporte novedoso P- Problematización RS-Resignificación | poster |
SI2-SSE: Foundations for as an Extensible Tool for Power Systems Research and Education Ray Zimmerman, Cornell University The information, data, or work presented herein was funded in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF), under Award Number 1642341. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. What is MATPOWER? • Set of free, open-source, Matlab language tools compatible with MATLAB® and GNU Octave • For steady-state power system simulation and optimization, including: • power flow (PF) • continuation power flow (CPF) • extensible, optimal power flow (OPF) • unit commitment (UC) • stochastic, secure multi-interval OPF/UC. MATPOWER Websites http://www.pserc.cornell.edu/matpower/ https://github.com/MATPOWER/matpower MATPOWER’s Unique Combination • free, open-source license (BSD) • code that is easy to understand, customize • state-of-the-art, high performance solvers • ready-to-use realistic data included MATPOWER boosted to de facto standard • benchmark platform for power systems research • educational tool for power systems engineers and optimization What is MATPOWER? MATPOWER Core Software MATPOWER already provides robust and flexible implementations of power flow (PF) and optimal power flow (OPF), some of the most foundational problems in power systems operation and planning. Redesign core software around a general modular architecture to enable more flexible user customization and facilitate significant user contributions, while retaining and enhancing the simplicity that makes it attractive in education. To enable: • new device types (3-winding transformers, FACTS, etc.) • new power flow and optimal power flow controls • foundation for 3-phase unbalanced models for distribution networks Project Summary Expand MATPOWER’s future impact as a successful research-enabling tool for the problems of the power systems of the future by providing the project infrastructure and core software architecture needed to facilitate ongoing community-supported growth. Project Overview MATP WER MATPOWER Project Infrastructure Transition to fully open collaborative development paradigm with • public code repository (GitHub) • issue tracker (GitHub) • documentation • user and developer forums • contributor guidelines • public list of project descriptions MATPOWER Project Infrastructure MATPOWER Core Software Architecture MATPOWER Core Software MATPOWER is a research-enabling tool, used worldwide in teaching, research and industry. It’s growing momentum and impact are evidenced by • more than 2,500 citations* of 2011 MATPOWER paper [1] • more than 20,000 downloads per year (> 156,000 total) 2557 total citations (*according to Google Scholar 4/19/18) [1] R. D. Zimmerman, C. E. Murillo-Sánchez, and R. J. Thomas, “MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Research and Education,” Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 12-19, Feb. 2011. [2] C. E. Murillo-Sánchez, R. D. Zimmerman, C. L. Anderson, and R. J. Thomas, “Secure Planning and Operations of Systems with Stochastic Sources, Energy Storage and Active Demand,” Smart Grid, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 2220- 2229, Dec. 2013. [3] A. J. Lamadrid, D. Muñoz-Álvarez, C. E. Murillo-Sánchez, R. D. Zimmerman, H. Shin, R. J. Thomas “Using the MATPOWER Optimal Scheduling Tool to Test Power System Operation Methodologies Under Uncertainty,” Sustainable Energy , IEEE Transactions on, revise and resubmit. MATPOWER Impact 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Annual Citations of MATPOWER Paper 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 22000 24000 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Annual MATPOWER Downloads by Version 6.0 5.1 5.0 4.1 4.0 3.2 3.0 2.0 1.0 MATPOWER Core Software MATPOWER 7.0 – first beta release imminent • Three new power flow algorithms for radi | poster |
Assessing the Problem The Undergraduate Learning & Community Center ULCC A day at the Rohan Kapoor & Tamana Ranka Faculty Advisor: Connie Hanel The foundation of the center’s success is twofold; first the environment created by the undergraduate school of management presents an inviting space exciting space that welcomes students in while providing supportive work stations, the next key component are the tutors that welcome and embrace our students with positive energy as they share their knowledge to promote individual success. What is the ULCC? The ULCC offers tutoring in all 7 of the School of Management prerequisite courses. • ECO 181 – Macroeconomics • ECO 182 – Microeconomics • MGA 201 – Introduction to Financial Accounting • MGA 202 – Introduction to Management Accounting • MGQ 201 – Introduction to Statistics for Analytics • PSY 101 – Introductory Psychology • Mathematics – PreCalculus and Calculus Whether you’re struggling with fundamentals or just want to boost your GPA, tutors are center-certified and here to help you meet your academic goals. If English is not your first language and you want to strengthen your communication skills, an ESL Coach is also available. ULCC tutors possess a GPA of 3.5 or higher in their designated course(s) and go through vigorous training including 10 hours of new hire training session, as well as a FERPA tutorial on maintaining confidentiality. Located in the lower level of the Jacobs Management Center, the Undergraduate Learning and Community Center includes three classrooms, a community area, tutoring facilities and a group study area all dedicated exclusively to our undergraduates, with technology throughout to enhance their experience. The project was made possible by a $500,000 lead gift from Frank, BS '66, and Marilyn Clement, with matching funding from the UB Provost's Office and an additional anonymous contribution. ULCC is place where students can walk in and feel excited to be a part of a learning and community Hub. Tutoring at the ULCC Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Fall Total Jan. Feb. Community Area 984 1102 815 730 3631 117 989 Learning Center & Tutoring 172 220 167 61 620 9 358 Total: 1156 1340 1000 796 4292 126 1338 The ULCC Success Story Connie Hanel Manager, ULCC | poster |
RADseq phylogenetic inferences using de novo downstream analyses as compared to single gene sequencing of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Cenococcum geophilum Jessica M. Vélez1,2, Todd W. Pierson7, Reese M. Morris1, Steven J. Lebreux1, Jessy Labbe1, Luz M. Serrato-Diaz5, Rytas Vilgalys3, Scott J. Emrich4, Christopher W. Schadt1,2,6,* 1Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, 3Duke University, 4Min H. Kao Dept of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, 5University of Puerto Rico - Río Piedras Campus, 6Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, 7Department. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee • Agricultural security is essential to economic security. • A significant portion of land is contaminated with heavy metals. • Biofuel crops such as Poplar could be planted instead. • Increasing the ability of Poplar to grow in these areas increases the potential for agricultural development and can remediate the land. • A soil symbiont may be able to increase heavy metal tolerance. • The ubiquitous and hardy fungus Cenococcum geophilum will be studied to determine if this species can increase Poplar heavy metal tolerance. • The genetic complexity of C. geophilum promotes the use of the novel ddRAD-seq technique. BACKGROUND The fungal species Cenococcum geophilum, an ubiquitously distributed ectomycorrhizal fungus which is positively associated with plant health, growth, and increased contaminant resistance. This fungus is known to associate with both angiosperm and gymnosperm tree species across 40 genera, representing over 200 total species, and is generally tolerant across a salinity gradient, water stress conditions, and extreme heavy metal contamination conditions. This wide-ranging resistance to stressful conditions in a soil environment is often attributed to a high melanin content, as C. geophilum is phenotypically deep black in coloring. This high concentration of melanin has been directly implicated to play a role in increased resistance to heavy metal contaminants. The genome of C. geophilum is among the largest in the fungal kingdom, with a mapped size of 178 Mbp and a total estimated size of up to 203 Mbp. Cenococcum geophilum has no documented sexual or asexual spore production, and is considered asexual as a species despite high levels of genetic and physiological diversity. Due to these high levels of intraspecies diversity found among C. geophilum isolates, even within isolates from a single tree, C. geophilum is proposed to be a species complex, with many studies finding significant variations in cultured isolate characteristics and physiology. This type of cryptic species population implicates the incorporation of morphologically identical members which are separate species on the genetic level. As a result, while C. geophilum appears to have a myriad of potential benefits for agricultural applications, this fungus has been difficult to study phylogenetically, as this research is necessarily resource-intensive in order to delineate the phylogenetic relationships observed within the species complex. Cenococcum geophilum SINGLE GENE versus RADseq DE NOVO ASSEMBLY 231 unique strains were isolated from 60 sites, with a total geographic range of 283 miles from central Oregon to northern Washington State. A maximum likelihood phylogeny of the Pacific Northwest isolates (left) using the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene region revealed 15 strongly resolved (>80%) clades (numbered). Fifteen well-supported clades (>80%) were implicated within the RADseq dataset (right). Generally, there is a negative correlation (r = -0.82) between the de novo cluster and the clade assigned based on the GAPDH gene. However, when the largest GAPDH clades, 10 and 11, are examined separately, there is a positive correlation (r = 0.70) between the de novo assigned clade and the clad | poster |
GLOBAL ANALYSIS Two density peaks for winter and summer SST Progressive widening of the curve towards the high/maximum values Higher positive trend in the Eastern Mediterranean basin Mean Mediterranean SST time series SST daily trend 1982-2019 The Mediterranean, almost 40 years of continued warming Global density plot Mean Mediterranean SST presents a warming trend since the 80s of the XX century to the present time but with a strong seasonal component that can mask actual trend Positive trend for the global mean SST with the higher warming rate in the Eastern Mediterranean basin and the lower trend in the Central Mediterrane- an basin (south of Italy) REGIONAL TREND ANALYSIS SST trend component Positive trend for all quantiles for global Mediterranean Accelerated warming for 75 and upper quantiles than in lower quantiles Highest quantile trend for 75 quantile in the Western Mediterranean SST trend quantiles time series Three different zones regarding daily warming trend for SST: Western, Central and Eastern Mediterranean basins. Highest values in the Eastern basin and the northern half of the Western basin Lower values in the Central Mediterranean basin • Mediterranean SST has been consistently warming since the 80’s • Warming presents spatial variability, being higher in the Eastern Med basin • Warming made up of a higher “most frequent SST” rather than an incre- ment of extreme values • Positive warming trend in the whole Mediterranean basin • Highest trend in most of the Eastern basin and northern half of the West- ern basin, lowest but still positive trend in the Central Mediterranean CONCLUSIONS Francisco Pastor Meteorology and Pollutant Dynamics Area Fundación CEAM (Spain) Website: http://www.ceam.es/SST This work is part of the research project VERSUS CGL2015-67466-R (MICINN/FEDER), funded by the Spanish R&D&I national plan of Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and European Regional Development Fund and the IMAGINA-PROMETEO (PROMETEU/2019/110) fund- ed by the Generalitat Valenciana. Data source GHRSST Level 4 AVHRR_OI Global Blended Sea Surface Temperature Analysis (GDS ver- sion 2) from NCEI obtained from PODAAC (https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/AVHRR_OI- NCEI-L4-GLOB-v2.0) | poster |
www.p4play.eu @P4Play_EU Fiona Loudoun, Ines Wenger, Supervisors: Dr Bryan Boyle, Prof Maria Larsson-Lund, Dr Maria Prellwitz, Dr Helen Lynch, Prof Christina Schulze References: 1. Stephen, C., & Plowman, L. (2014). Digital Play. In L. Brooker, M. Blaise, & S. Edwards (Eds.), Sage Handbook of Play and Learning in Early Childhood (pp. 330–341). Sage Publications Ltd. 2. Waller, G., Suter, L., Bernath, J., Külling, C., Willemse, I., Martel, N. & Süss, D. (2019). MIKE – Medien, Interaktion, Kinder, Eltern: Ergebnisbericht zur MIKE-Studie 2019. Zürich: Zürcher Hochschule für An-gewandte Wissenschaften. 2. Moore A, Lynch H. Accessibility and usability of playground environments for children under 12: A scoping review. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2015;22(5):331–44. 3. Prellwitz M, Skär L. Usability of playgrounds for children with different abilities. Occupational Therapy International. 2007;14(3):144–55. 4. Green, L., Holloway, D., Stevenson, K., Leaver, T., & Haddon, L. (2021). The Routledge Companion to Digital Media and Children; First Edition. 5. ‘Boy Playing on Ground‘ by Jiawei Cui is licensed under Pexels License. 6. ‘Girl and Boy Playing on Tablet Device’ by Alex Green is licensed under Pexels License. 7. ‘Globe image’ licensed under pinclipart.com This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No: 861257. These two projects are anchored in the concept of PLACES exploring children’s participation in play in digital spaces and the design of community play spaces incorporating universal design and natural elements. P4PLAY: RESEARCHING PEOPLE, PLACE, POLICY and PRACTICE for PLAY from the LENS of OCCUPATIONAL SCIENCE Oh’ The Places You’ll Go: Adventures Outdoors and in Digital Playgrounds Background The P4Play Marie Sklodowska-Curie (MSC) Training Network is an innovative European Joint Doctorate (EJD) programme in Occupational Science for Occupational Therapists. This EJD was established in 2020 when 2.2 m was awarded to a consortium of researchers and play advocates, in the highly competitive Horizon2020 scheme. P4play is a collaboration between 4 academic universities in Ireland, Sweden, Scotland, and Switzerland, and 15 partner organisations in Europe and the USA. The P4play programme adopts a child's rights-based perspective and aims to investigate the nature of play through the lens of People, Place, Policy and Practice (P4Play). A refocus on play as a right requires further study as a central concern (or occupation) in children's lives. Occupational Science, a science dedicated to the study of humans as doers or as occupational beings, offers a unique lens to explore play as an occupation. Methodology The centrality of participation is acknowledged by positioning children as active and agentic individuals with a to right to engage in play (4). By conceptualising children as the holder of rights, participatory methods will be utilised throughout the research to explore children’s experiences and subjective understanding of play outdoors and in digital spaces. Play in Digital Spaces A scoping review will be initially conducted to identify and examine the literature exploring children’s perspectives of play in digital spaces for children from infancy through to adolescence. This research will consist of 3 participatory studies which will involve children across the trajectory of childhood. Age appropriate methodologies such as observation, photo-elicitation interviews, and storyboard collage groups will be used throughout data collection. Play in Outdoor Play Spaces This research will consist of four studies, investigating the perceptions of playground users (children with and without disabilities aged 7-12 years and their parents), playground builders (e.g. architects, landscape architects), and experts of Universal Design regarding inclusive playgrounds through multiple methods (interviews, focus | poster |
in 2013 and 2015, respectively. He is currently a Marie Skłodowska-Curie research fellow. His research topic is the development of driver distraction detection and human-machine interface evaluation methods for multi-actuated ground vehicles. His research interests include human-machine interface, fuzzy systems, machine learning, vehicle safety, ADAS. A novel robust driver distraction detection and evaluation algorithm based on machine learning and fuzzy theory combination is developed. Driver-in-the-loop experiment with Skoda Auto facilities (advance testing of driver decoy workshop) and in cooperation with IPG Automotive GmbH (Secondment 1; 3 month). Publications: “Driver distraction while performing a secondary task evaluation approach based on fuzzy expert system”, 10th Graz Symposium 2017. “A Method of Driver Distraction Evaluation Using Fuzzy Logic”, IEEE ICAT 2017. “Design of Regenerative Anti−lock Braking System Controller for 4 In−Wheel−Motor Drive Electric Vehicle with Road Surface Estimation”, TBD “Detection and Evaluation of Driver Distraction Using Machine Learning and Fuzzy Logic”, TBD “Driver performance prediction by solving regression analysis”, TBD “Induced by In-Vehicle Information System Driver Distraction Detection and Evaluation Method”, TBD “Driver performance prediction with regression analysis”, TBD Interdisciplinary Training Network in Multi-Actuated Ground Vehicles DRIVER ASSISTANCE MEASURE FOR LOW-EMISSION MAGV https://iteam-project.net CONTACT INFO FUTURE STEPS OUTCOMES PROGRESS ACHIEVED ESR 08: Andrei Aksjonov, MSc. ŠKODA Auto a.s. | Concept Development | Volkswagen Group Tř. Václava Klementa 869, 293 01 Mladá Boleslav II, Czech Republic +420 734 249 830 | andrei.aksjonov@skoda-auto.cz ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This Research receives funding from the European Community Horizon 2020 Framework Programme under grant agreement No. 675999. · Development method of testing and assessment the secondary task impact to the safe vehicle operation, which is exploited for different human-machine interaction technologies comparison and as a benchmark for safe and clear in-vehicle information system design with minimal driver’s burden; · Development software tool for on-board simulation driver decoy on in-vehicle secondary task execution; · Verification simulation results with respect to correctness and completeness on the advanced driving simulator based on a real vehicle platform with identical control elements like steering wheel, pedals, 3D scene and consistent road topology with real test field. Host institution: ŠKODA Auto a.s. Primary supervisor: Pavel Nedoma, PhD Secondary supervisor: Zdeněk Franc, MSc Planned secondments: IPG Automotive GmbH (3 month); Università degli studi di Pavia (2 month) MSc. Andrei Aksjonov OBJECTIVES AND WORK PLAN Andrei Aksjonov received his BSc and MSc in electrical drives and power electronics with automation specialization from Tallinn University of Technology The method capable not only to detect driver distraction induced by secondary activity, but also to evaluate its impact on traffic safety is developed. The algorithm operates as follows: vDesign each individual driver normal driving model using machine learning (ANFIS, ANN, ED, k-NN); vPredict driver behavior and compare it with driver distraction lap; vEvaluate (fuzzy logic) level of driver distraction based on vehicle dynamic performance. Predictor dx dv Vl r dvp dxp dvr dxr DD dv dv dv dv dv dv dv p p p r , ,0 dx dx dx dx dx dx dx p p p r , ,0 Driver Vehicle Environment Dynamics Performance Distraction detection Secondary task Actuation Performance prediction Road Elaboration of the driver advisory functions related to the vehicle and traffic safety improvement, emission reduction and energy-efficiency increase. These functions will be realized in human-machine interface (HMI) systems with visual and haptic channels supporting interactions between the driver and on-board systems of Multi-Actuated G | poster |
Recovery of TESS Stellar Rotation Periods with Convolutional Neural Networks Zach Claytor and Jennifer van Saders Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaiʻi Conv2D MaxPool2D Dense x3 x2 We train our network on wavelet power spectra of simulated light curves with real TESS systematics, then predict both the rotation period and its uncertainty. Predicting the period uncertainty lets us select objects with more confident estimates. With this selection, we recovery 60% of objects’ periods to within 10% accuracy. TESS period recovery efforts are confounded by mission systematics. But can neural networks see through the noise? zclaytor@hawaii.edu @AstroClayt zclaytor ●NNs can “learn” the noise and ignore it to some extent. ●We are currently testing our network on a number of simulated and real light curves. ●Look for this on the arXiv in the coming weeks! | poster |
Backfilling the Maxwell HPC User demands on resources the Maxwell HPC cluster correlates with the data taking of the EuXFEL and photon experiments on site. During low demand, we backfill sections of the cluster with opportunistic grid jobs through a dedicated ARC CE. As demand can change quickly and for data taking responsiveness is crucial, evacuation time has to be in the order of seconds. Authentification As users require long-running jobs over several days and rely on their AFS-HOME directories as well as scratch and long-term storage mounted over NFSv4, token handling is crucial. We implemented a token renewal service to allow for such long-running jobs to access the mounted network home directories over their whole lifetime. Chaining Storage and High-Throughput Computing to each other Event-driven Automatised Workflows and FaaS-Offloading Consolidating the interactive analysis and Grid infrastructure at DESY. Classic workflow engines rely primarily on “polling” the different states in their connected systems such as storage instances and compute clusters. In contrast event based workflows allow for a “push” approach, where different actions can be combined, chained and forked to powerful workflows. To integrate various systems into such a workflow engine, a common message bus for exchanging events as well as a function registry for acting on events is needed. With dCache Storage Events as prime example [4], we are working on combining our storage instances and offline computing resources into one workflow environment, e.g., to allow new files to automatically initiate their own processing as for calibration tasks. Here, a dCache instance creates for each file change a Storage Event and relays it over the Kafka bus. To react on matching events and initiated further actions, functions are registered in a dynamically scalable OpenWhisk Function-As-A-Service platform. However, FaaS lambdas are intended as primarily low-latency, fast processing programs with a standardised API, we are working on offloading the actual heavy processing tasks via functioninalised remote submission to our HTCondor batch system. Combined with anonymous jobs, this allows for dynamically scaling out to computing resources. Anonymous Jobs with Authorization Tokens While classical jobs run under a user ID and read files belonging to such an user ID, this requires a common global identify namespace over all involved resources. Moving from authentication to an authorisation based resource control will allow to be more secure and especially flexible with function workflows. In a token-based scheme, only a central token generator and authentication instance is be needed. Here, a lambda token generator is the only compute instance matching an identity to resources. On a matching event, it request on behalf of the ID authorisation tokens from the storage and compute elements. The tokens can be strictly limited to the needs of the actual processing event, e.g., requesting from a dCache instance read-only Macaroon tokens [4] for input files and limit write abilities to a confined output path. Similarly a submit token to the HTCondor batch system might be requested and added to the compute event. The aim is for a self-sufficient event, that includes as tokens all necessary file inputs and outputs as well as compute resources. Followingly, a compute job based on such a self-sufficient event could run locally under an anonymous user and stage files in/out by its Macaroons. Such an anonymous job could also be scaled out to other compute resources, as it is decoupled from the inital ID namespace. Anonymous Job File I/O Macaroon LRMS Token predef. Fcn/Job f(x) LRMS Storage Storage { "read": { "path": "/pnfs/.../myinfile.root", "macaroon": "MDAx...97MK", "endpoint": "https://dcache-door.in:2880" }, "write": { "path": "/pnfs/.../output.d", "macaroon": "MDAx...5JCg", "endpoint": "https://dcache-door.out:2880" } "exec": { "function": "my_fcn_ns.my_reprocessing_fcn" }, | poster |
The toxicity testing experiments resulted in a final list of 22 compounds that interfered with development of the neuromasts. Example Results of Toxicity Testing Many industrial chemicals are released into the environment every year without a full assessment of their adverse effects on human life and the ecosystem. We are in urgent need of new screening methods that are rapid and can predict toxicity across species. We aim to understand the developmental toxicity effects of some of these environmental pollutants on the zebrafish posterior lateral line which is made up of neuromasts. Zebrafish, like other fish species, use their neuromasts to sense water flow. Introduction Acknowledgements • This research was funded by National Institute of Health (P30ES023512). • The transgenic fish (GW57A) were obtained from Vladimir Korzh Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Singapore References Gallardo, V. E. et al. Phenotype-driven chemical screening in zebrafish for compounds that inhibit collective cell migration identifies multiple pathways potentially involved in metastatic invasion. Disease models & mechanisms 8, 565-576, doi:10.1242/dmm.018689 (2015) The views expressed may not reflect US EPA policy Conclusions/Future Directions • We developed a method for rapid screening of large number of chemicals to identify zebrafish neuromast disruptors. • We identified serotonin as a possible pathway being targeted by the disruptors which we confirmed through some preliminary experiments. • We theorize that Serotonin doesn’t only regulate mood, but also plays a role in cell proliferation/motility. Our next step would be to test the newly identified serotonin effectors on different cancer cell lines to better understand the role of serotonin in cancer metastasis. Serotonin http://tobeagenius.tumblr.com/tagged/infographic • Zebrafish embryos expressing green fluorescence in neuromasts were exposed to ~300 pesticides/antimicrobials at 3 concentrations within hours of being fertilized. • After 4 days of exposure to the chemicals, the embryos were imaged and analyzed. • All chemical testing was completed within 6 months. Methods and Results High Throughput and Follow-up Screens *dpf – days post fertilization; **hpf – hours post fertilization Testing Serotonin Effectors on Neuromast Development https://sapiensoup.com/serotonin Gilmour Group – Eu. Mol. Bio. Laboratory Monroe et al. – Front. Cell. Neurosci., 2015 Rachna Mirchandani1, Savini Thrikawala1, Cliff Stephan2, Nghi Nguyen2, Mary Sobieski2, Richard S Judson3, Jan-Åke Gustafsson1, Maria Bondesson4 1Dept. of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston 2Center for Translational Cancer Research, IBT 3National Center for Computational Toxicology, US EPA 4Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University Developing the Zebrafish Neuromast Assay as a Predictive Toxicity Model André Künzelmann, UFZ | poster |
Title: Subtitle Leeroy Jenkins, author2, author3, author4 ! ! Can we understand exoplanets better if we use both high res spectra and direct images in a machine learning pipeline? Simultaneous detection and characterization of exoplanets using machine learning Rakesh Nath (rakesh.nath@uliege.be), Olivier Absil η = 0.01 Obtain raw cube for consisting of images and spectra • Use a 1DCNN to discriminate between spectra with and without plane. • Use a deep MLP to regress to ! and ! log(g) Teff 1. Measure the spectrum for each spaxel and normalize by total 2. Compute a reference spectrum and divide it out of the bins 3. Compute PCA and subtract most of the stellar components from the spectrum. HIGH CONTRAST IMAGING HIGH RESOLUTION SPECTROGRAPHY MACHINE LEARNING η = 0.1 Exoplanet detection and characterisation are typically conducted independently. In principle, however, complete information of the diversity in exoplanetary systems cannot be captured by either method independently. A number of recent papers have combined detection and characterisation simultaneously(Hoeijmakers et al 2016 etc.). However, these papers have only combined both detection and characterisation by processing the same data through independent methods. Therefore there is a need to combine these co-dependent techniques using a common pipeline. We phrase the detection of planet using pure spectra as a classification problem. We use synthetic data to train a 1D CNN. The hypothesis equation is defined as ! Where ! if a planet is present. We use the Pickles catalog to generate ! of G-M type stars and the BT-SETTL Ames to generate ! of planets with ! . We have tested this for different values of contrast ! . If a planet is detected then we feed the spectra to an MLP to regress to ! . F(λ) = F⋆(λ) + μFp(λ) μ = 1 F⋆(λ) Fp(λ) 800 < Teff < 1200K η (Teff, log(g)) INTRODUCTION METHODS Regress to ! , completed training, testing in progress Combine the disparate steps into a single integrated pipeline HCI+new data from Keck planetary imager and characteriser (KPIC) (Teff, log(g)) RESULTS NEXT STEPS ML Crosscorrelation | poster |
#1.40 - DETERMINANTES DE RENDIMIENTO EN EL JUEGO DE CARTAS DE PERCEPCIÓN VISUAL "SET" de la Hera, Diego Pablo1,*; Rosso, Anahí2; Roulet, Nicolás2; Sigman, Mariano1; Calero, Cecilia Inés1 1. Laboratorio de Neurociencia, UTDT - CONICET; 2. FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires * delahera@gmail.com http://cor.to/aacc19 ¡Llevá una copia! CLASIFICACIÓN 1x PRÁCTICA 3x PRUEBA 10 40 40 40 * SUBTIPO: ATRIBUTO EXTRAÑO forma color textura número 4 atributos EL JUEGO © 2017 Set Enterprises, Inc. EJEMPLOS (NoSet) (Set) Set 1-diferente 2-diferente 3-diferente 4-diferente i- 1-roto 2-roto 3-roto 4-roto i- NoSet forma diferente color diferente textura diferente número diferente forma igual color igual textura igual número igual forma rota color roto textura rota número roto forma sana * color sano textura sana número sano TIPO SUBTIPO ATRIBUTO EXTRAÑO si para todos y cada atributo REGLA SET ó (igual) (diferente) * sano = no roto METODOLOGÍA 1 2 3 A B C La identificación correcta de NoSets es más rápida que la de Sets. La identificación de NoSets es más rápida cuanto mayor es el número de atributos rotos. La identificación de Sets es más rápida cuanto menor es el número de atributos diferentes. Los ejercicios tipo Set son más fáciles de identificar correctamente. Muestra: 30 jóvenes adultos universitarios (rptas correctas ≥ 80%, n=26) 3 cartas por ejercicio. Responder Set/NoSet con teclado. 10 segundos máximo por ejercicio. Feedback en respuestas incorrectas 10 ejercicios de práctica 120 ejercicios de prueba, divididos en 3 bloques 10 ejs. - 1 Set 4-dif. - 2 Set 1-dif. - 2 Set 3-dif. - 5 NoSet (al azar) 120 ejs., 40 por bloque - 6 Set 4-dif. - 6 x 4 Set 1-dif. - 6 x 4 Set 3-dif. - 2 x 6 Set 2-dif. - 54 NoSet (al azar) más lento más rápido Si sólo un atributo es diferente, es preferible que sea el color o el número, frente a la textura. Si sólo un atributo está sano, es preferible que sea la textura o la forma, frente al número. Si sólo un atributo es igual, es preferible que sea el número o la textura, frente al color o la forma. Identificar factores perceptuales y cognitivos que modulan la identificación de Sets y NoSets. Comparar: (i) Sets vs NoSets, (ii) Sets en función del número de atributos diferentes, (iii) NoSets en función del número de atributos rotos, y (iv) la saliencia perceptual de los atributos. OBJETIVOS ACIERTOS TIEMPO DE RESPUESTA (respuestas correctas) SALIENCIA DE ATRIBUTOS Set NoSet i si para al menos un atributo (roto) REGLA SET * z-score por subtipo * Test del signo Test t pareado Set 1-diferente (atributo diferente) ejemplos ilustrativos Set 3-diferente log(rt) z-score * (atributo igual) ejemplos ilustrativos log(rt) z-score * ejemplos ilustrativos Set i-diferente 0 p<.001 Modelo mixto NoSet i-roto 0 p<.001 ejemplos ilustrativos Modelo mixto NoSet 3-roto log(rt) z-score * (atributo sano) ejemplos ilustrativos ANOVA + Tukey SET es un juego de cartas de percepción visual, desarrollado en 1974 por la genetista de poblaciones Marsha Falco. Aunque su estructura ha motivado varios estudios en el campo de las matemáticas1, sus características cognitivas y perceptuales no han sido estudiadas en la misma profundidad2,3. En este trabajo examinamos factores que modulan el desempeño en el juego SET, con el objetivo de caracterizar este paradigma para su uso en nuestros estudios sobre enseñanza entre pares. CONCLUSIONES - Los ejercicios tipo Set son más fáciles de identificar. - La identificación correcta de NoSets es más rápida que la de Sets. - En Sets, la diferencia es más demandante que la igualdad. - En NoSets, el número de atributos rotos acelera la identificación. - Describimos saliencia relativa de atributos en distintos contextos. Las barras de error en los gráficos de barras, y las bandas translúcidas en los gráficos de dispersión, representan intervalos de confianza del 95% obtenidos con el método bootstrap de remuestreo. *: p < .05, **: p < .01, ***: p < .001. Se verificó el cumplimiento de todos los supuestos de las pruebas | poster |
expert authors of the DINI Certificate 2022 DINI e. V. Support improvement of information and communication services and further development of information infrastructures: At higher education and research institutions, On regional and national level. For Repository Operators / Hosts: Get orientation about best practices in the repository landscape; Ensure that you remain interoperable (metadata schemes, interfaces, technical side ...); Gain trust for your repository (the DINI Certificate stands for quality and trustworthiness / reliability). 32 Outreach License information (logos excluded): Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de On behalf of the DINI working group of Electronic Publishing: Pascal-Nicolas Becker, The Library Code, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2169-1261 Daniel Beucke, Göttingen State and University Library, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4905-1936 Isabella Meinecke, Hamburg State and University Library, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-3619 Marcel Meistring, Helmholtz Open Science Office, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-9926 Jochen Schirrwagen, RWTH Aachen University, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0458-1004 This poster is an updated version based on: Vierkant et al. (2019). Trust me, I‘m a repository manager. Open-Access-Tage 2019 (OAT19), Hannover, Deutschland, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3449041. The Certificate The DINI Certificate of Open Access Publication Services 2022 pursues the following goals: Improving the publication infrastructure for electronic publishing; I. Strengthen Open Access based forms of publishing; II. Integration into national and international research infrastructures. III. 103 Submissions since 2004 7 The DINI Certificate Is frequently referenced in working papers of international infrastructure projects and initiatives for repositories and Diamond Open Access, such as DIAMAS, COAR, OpenAIRE; Is presented and discussed with the repository community at national and international conferences (e.g. Open Access Days Germany, PUBMET); Has taken steps towards internationalization (adaption to the requirements of Austrian publication services); Is recommended by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) for publication in trustworthy repositories; On-going development of the certificate also in the context of projects of the WG members (e.g. PID Network, openCost, CRAFT-OA); Is available in English and German. Who is DINI ? DINI (Deutsche Initiative für Netzwerkinformation / German Initiative for Network Information) founded in 2002; Member institutions such as research libraries, IT centers, media and service facilities; Organized in seven working groups. Aim and Mission No. of certificate versions since 2004 Publicize and recommend best practices; Foster the development of standards and their implementation; Register and advertise Competence Centers using modern web-based technologies; Improve interdisciplinary exchange through congresses, workshops, expert conferences, etc. Advertise funding programs and encourage new ones. Goals The present catalog of criteria translates these general expectations of scientific publishing into concrete minimum requirements of Open Access publication services. 71 Minimum requirements 53 Recommentations Within 11 certification aspects: Visibility of the services; Guidelines (policy); Support of authors and publishers; Legal aspects; Information security; Indexing and interfaces; Open metrics; Long-term archiving; OAI interface; OAI-PMH: additional requirements; Metadata requirements of the OAI interface. Revised by experts every three years. For Users: Deposit your resource in a reliable / trustworthy repository; Be sure your work will be permanently available; Be sure your work can be found in the best possible way / has optimal visibility (metadata, interfaces, indexing ...). For Institutions: Show the world your efforts and Commitment for the permanent operation of a | poster |
TOI 4562 b young planets are key: HIP 67522 and TOI 4562 Alexis Heitzmann, Marsden S., Zhou G., Wright D., Petit P., Huang X. C., Quinn S. Observations are mandatory for validating models explaining the formation & evolution of planetary systems Specifically, we need to map planet characteristics (mass, radius, orbital eccentricity, spin-orbit alignment...) as a function of time It is of utmost importance to focus on young (between disk dissipation and a few 100 Myr) systems because: It is where most of the changes happen (atmospheric evaporation, planet migration...) This primordial population is lacking in the current sample But young stars are very challenging to find and planet characterisation is greatly hindered by stellar activity We built from scratch a model to recover the obliquity, accounting for stellar surface spots The orbital plane of HIP 67522 b is aligned with its star's spin-axis HIP 67522 b is the youngest Jupiter sized planet with precisely measured obliquity HIP 67522 b is a significant addition to the planet obliquity distribution, where planets below ~100 Myr all seem to be well-aligned! Scan the QR code Age: 17 Myr Period: 6.96 days Radius: 0.93 (10 ) Mass: Unknown Obliquity: 6 ± 6 degrees HIP 67522 Age: 300 ± 190 Myr Period: 225.1 days Radius: 1.15 Mass: 2.3 Eccentricity: 0.77 1 Myr 10 Myr 100 Myr 1 Gyr 10 Gyr Second longest period planet in the TESS sample 2 years of RV follow-up yielded precise mass and eccentricity One of the most eccentric young planets (see poster background) Why is this TOI 4562 b so eccentric? Well, one (out of 4) transit is late by ~25 min, a strong indication of a perturbing companion! Probably not on its path to becoming a Hot Jupiter, unless eccentricity oscillations can trigger tidal circularization. 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.1 0.01 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.03 0.05 0.08 0 50 150 100 10 100 1 000 10 000 TOI 4562 ⊕ R (Heitzmann et al. 2021) (Heitzmann et al. to be submitted) alexis.heitzmann@usq.edu.au Jup R Jup M Jup R b b Semi major axis (AU) Eccentricity Age (Myr) Obliquity (degrees) By following up 2 young planets found by TESS (HIP 67522 b and TOI 4562 b), we meaningfully contribute to the young planet sample! My ADS & > 6 (Jupiter sized) < 6 (Neptune sized) ⊕ R ⊕ R HIP 67522 b (If you like this plot, go check out poster 102.174 by J. Dong) b b | poster |
ChatBot Duel: AI vs. Online Surveys ONLINE SURVEYS: YOUR INPUT, THEIR SILENCE Online surveys aim to collect information from participants who respond to the link through internet-based communicatio n technologies ( i.e., platforms and email). Structure Including open-ended and close-ended questions (i.e., yes/no questions, multiple choice, scaled questions) based on the purpos e of the survey. predominance In the 1990s, the emergence and proliferation of online surveys replaced the predominance of traditional surveys owing to thei r strengths relative to cost and speed. 89% of clients and suppliers use online surveys on a regular basis to gain insights from customers. Advantages Reduces data collection time and costs by being available 24/7 for respondents to access and complete. Be safer and more confidential for respondents when being asked about sensitive questions or discussing sensitive topics. Disadvantages Lack of engagement, questionnaire design without interactivity, surve y fatigue , complexity , inconvenience , a nd respondents’ lack of diligence. Chatbots: Get Your Survey BACK! Statistics Surveys Compared to online surveys, chatbots can generate higher response rates and higher quality information in the aspect of ite m differentiation and missing questions. By using such natural and conversational interfaces for chatbot-led survey design, participants may feel more comfortable an d interested in proactively interacting with this survey tool. This humanlike conversation between chatbots and respondents in the process of survey completion can trigger a high level of self -disclosure because they treat chatbots as interaction partners. Beyond Human: Chatbots Crafting the Future of Surveys This research incorporates the notion of media richness theory that the degree of information dissemination is capable o f enhancin g th e degre e o f a receiver’ s understanding , providi ng theoretic al suppo rt f or t he equivale nt potenti al of chatbo ts to online tools in conducting surveys for market research. Contribute to the existing literature on AI conversational marketing. 1 Contributions Provide guidance for marketing practitioners about the strategic use of chatbots in surveys to obtain insightful information and data from respondents. 2 Presenter: Liz Yingxue Zhao (UABS Marketing PhD Candidate) | poster |
We reviewed the LO scheme in the current and the on-going upgraded receiver bands in ALMA system. Except Band-1, the fundamental frequency of the existing local oscillators in the ALMA receivers ranges from 12.4 to 25.8 GHz followed by various type of frequency multiplier. The frequency of these signals will overlap the new IF frequency range in the ALMA WSU (4- 16, 4-20 GHz etc.). Therefore, spurious signal may enter in the new IF range due to the leakage. To investigate the phenomena, leakage power level at the IF output and the power ratio of the harmonics after frequency multiplication are measured in a W-band system. As expected, the “leakage” power level is proportional to the relative power ratio of the 5th/7th harmonic to 6th signal. It is thus recommended to choose the LO starting frequency as high as possible (> highest IF frequency + baseband bandwidth). Impact of LO Leakage in the New IF Frequency Range of the ALMA Wideband Sensitivity Upgrade Chau-Ching Chiong, Chen Chien, Teddy Huang, Yuh-Jing Hwang Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan LO Leakage in ALMA System Except Band-1, ALMA LO signal is generated by frequency multiplication from low frequency YTO (YIG-tuned oscillator) at ~ 12 to 18 GHz via various schemes. It starts from 12 GHz to avoid overlap with the IF frequency range. However, for some observation, as in the case of Band-6, when the LO starting frequency is close to the IF, as reported in Spurious Responses from IF Signals above 12 GHz (Napier 2010), LO2 will still down-converts significant LO “leakage” signal to the IF output because the roll-off response in the IF spectrum is not sharp enough. LO2 mixes LO signal at USB with sky signal at LSB (Napier 2010) Band-6 LO “leakage” at IF output (Napier 2010, in AIV-2057) Origin of the “Leakage” Signal However, the frequency multiplier is not ideal. At the output of the multiplier, not only the signal at the desired frequency (x6 or x3) but also the unwanted harmonics are generated. Band 6 LO scheme (From Saini et al. 2021). Filters are placed after frequency multipliers to suppress unwanted harmonics . Start freq. 13 GHz Output after x6 (GHz) Output after x3 (GHz) x1 x2 x3 13, 26, 39 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x4 52 104 156 208 260 312 x5 65 130 195 260 325 390 x6 78 156 234 312 390 468 x7 91 182 273 364 455 546 x8 104 208 312 416 520 624 x9 117 234 351 468 585 702 x10 130 260 390 520 650 780 These harmonics will also reach the mixer with various power levels. The “leakage” signal will be generated by mixer via mixing nearby harmonics. In this Band-6 x18 scheme, x1 signal can be generated by (x14-x15-x16), (x20-x21) etc. Bandpass filter YTO GHz 13 x7 GHz 91 x6 78 x5 65 x8 104 … WR10 cutoff 52 x4 GHz x18 234 x20 260 … WR3.4 cutoff 208 x16 … 195 x15 182 x14 156 x12 … x6 x3 x21 273 Harmonics in Band 6 LO generation. Numbers with strikethrough represent cutoff by waveguide (WR-10 and WR4.3). The mixer output spectrum is dominated by the LO leakages. We found a close relation between the leakage signal power and the 7th / 6th power ratio, which is thought to be the dominant scheme to generate 1st signal at IF output (left figure). Besides fundamental tone, other harmonics (x2, x3…) can also be found at the mixer IF output port (right figure). (x2, x3, x4) signal shows different slopes when plotting with the x6/(x7, x8, x9) suppression ratio, respectively. This implies multiple mixing schemes other than x6 are involved. Proposed Band 4+5 LO Scheme The starting frequency of the Band 4+5 in LO chain is 24-32 GHz (> IFhigh (18 or 20 GHz in WSU) + baseband bandwidth). The harmonic suppression in the frequency multiplier has to be strictly controlled. Bandpass filter does help, but cannot suppress all harmonics due to wide tuning range in WSU. Balanced frequency multiplier is the solution for achieving high harmonic suppression. Verification by x6 W-band Frequency Multiplier A commercial x6 W-band frequency multiplier by OML (S10MS-AG) is used to in | poster |
AI Ethics • Recommended preparation included RS co-lead’s top recommended readings, podcasts, and films. • Topics: Environment, dis/misinformation, labor (invisibilized and/or displaced), bias, privacy Agenda Jamboard AI, Art, and Copyright • Lowest attendance, but we had a good discussion on fair use, copyright, and copyright infringement. Agenda Jamboard Campus Activities During the first half of 2023, many groups on campus were addressing ChatGPT and AI/ML (more generally) in different ways. The campus has an active AI/ML and data science research community on one hand, while many disciplines which have academic writing assignments were grappling with ChatGPT. In October 2023, the library started receiving requests to participate in AI literacy and teaching activities discussions which more widely support the campus Overview What are librarians to do when widely and publicly accessible chatbots burst onto the academic scene with promises of easy no-work essays (but produce sophomoric writing), a research assistant that will destroy libraries (but can’t quote citations), and the end of tedious repetitive tasks (but really have been used to try to replace artists and other creative work)? Start a discussion group. Of course. This is a “how we did it” poster. The Co-Leads Kat is in the Library’s Research Services (RS) Department. She has a science background, and earned a MS in Data Science in 2017, although involvement in data science realm was keeping track of conversations on AI/ML ethics and bias issues to help inform consultations and interactions with campus researchers and the RDM community. Carrie is in the Library’s Teaching and Learning (T&L) Department. Her focus is info lit instruction and student engagement. Carrie has a Humanities background with an MS in Art History. She has zero background in computer science or AI. She represents the newcomer perspective with an eye to making AI accessible to others who share her background and perspective. ChatGPT the Early Days Internal Library Discussion Group While RS co-lead tested ChatGPT bias in December 2022, the significance related to instruction started with a comment from a University Writing Program (UWP) instructor late December: “[This essay assignment submission was so weird. They didn’t even correctly identify the characters in the book.]” This resulted in early conversations with UWP instructors on LLMs, extensive testing of ChatGPT, and librarian contributions to “The Challenges of ChatGPT in a Composition Classroom” an internal document shared with writing program lecturers Feb 2023. Separately, T&L started internal discussions on ChatGPT in Jan 2023: • Addressing faculty concerns around cheating and plagiarism. • Whose responsibility it was to support faculty in navigating AI. • Looking at what was being done on other campuses/libraries. In preparation for the discussion group, the co-leads had planning discussions to identify our goals, the format, possible topics. Overall, we wanted a place to have shared learning and a discussion on how AI/ML is impacting academic libraries, and higher education in general. QR codes link to our suggested preparation, discussion questions, slide decks, jamboards, and feedback, where appropriate. Call for Participation • Initial discussion was well attended with staff from most departments in the library. Covered goals, logistics, and general concerns. • Plus/Delta feedback was very positive. Agenda Jamboard Chatbots + ChatGPT • Presentation on chatbots + open discussion • Brief history of Chatbots and NLM • How LLMs function in layperson’s terms • Monetization, bias, and ethics Slide deck AI in Instruction • Included resources to prepare for discussion • Incorporating AI Literacy in instruction • ChatGPT session transcript review Agenda Jamboard Campus Action: Generative AI Guidelines • Focuses on data security and privacy. While UCR data is secure under Google Cloud Platform agreement, it isn’t always clear which Google | poster |
THE ROLE OF THE LIMK1 GENE ON SHORT-TERM MEMORY FORMATION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER Zalomaeva E.S.1,2, Falina V.S.2, Nikitina E.A.1,2, Zhuravlev A.V.1, Savvateeva‐Popova E.V.1 1Pavlov Institute of Physiology Russian academy of sciences 2The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia Nowadays one of the topical problem of neuro‐ biology is the research of the etiology and progres‐ sion of different neurodegenerative diseases. One of the causes of neurodegenerative diseases is dis‐ turbance of actin remodeling cascade whose key enzyme is LIMK1. Drosophila constitutes a conven‐ ient model for studying the link between genome organization and chromosome architecture ob‐ served in cognitive disorders. The revealed associa‐ tion between limk1 gene's mutational damage, changes in its expression and activity as well as cog‐ nitive impairment allows to use current model for the study of neurodegenerative and genomic dis‐ eases. INTRODUCTION Drosophila melanogaster—the most convenient model object ♦Molecular‐genetic studies of the human genome have emphasized the evolutionary conservation of homologous genes from different organisms. ♦limk1 gene D. melanogaster has 71% homology with the limk1 gene H. sapiens ♦Drosophila is especially advantageous for testing gene interactions and allows the usage of several mutant or transgenic models at a time. ♦Drosophila mutations in such genes help to under‐ stand the putative function of a newly isolated hu‐ man disease gene. ♦D. melanogaster have short life span (Figure 1) ♦Low maintenance costs ♦No legislative limitations brought about by “animal defending laws” The main purpose: to analyze the formation and dynamics of short‐term memory in D. melanogaster stocks with limk1 gene polymorphism: Canton‐S, Berlin and Oregon‐R Figure 3. Individual courtship elements Figure 1. Drosophila life cycle Canton‐S stock has a single‐nucleotide polymorphism C/T (+12 bp) in the binding site of the M1 transcription factor. Berlin stock characterized by disturbances in primer binding in intron 2 and near introns 3 and 4. Also this stock has single‐ nucleotide polymorphisms in the N‐terminal part of the gene (including the M1 binding site and the 1st part of intron 1), some of which correspond to Canton‐S stock polymorphisms. Oregon‐R stock hasn’t fragment between primers are limited the region with both LIM‐domains and part of the PDZ‐domain. Also this stock has multiple polymorphisms in the 1st intron: ♦ A/T‐rich insert 28 bp; ♦ deletions of 8 bp and 9 bp ♦ Change the CAA/AGС Conditioned courtship suppression paradigm was used to asses learning ability and short‐term memory formation. 1. A 5‐day‐old virgin male was put in a special box with a fertil‐ ized female Canton‐S and was left for 30 minutes (Figure 2). 2. Courtship behavior was analyzed in naive males and in males in 0, 15, 30 and 60 minutes after training to assess the forma‐ tion and dynamics of short‐term memory. The behavior of the male was recorded in a special program for 300 seconds. We re‐ corded the start time of individual courtship elements (Figure 3) and the execution time of non‐courtship elements (activity, prining, rest). 3. We calculated the learning index (LI) to assess the effective‐ ness of training. Randomization test was used to statistical analysis. Figure 2. Special box for training and testing RESULTS Thus, Canton‐S and Berlin stocks capable of formation short‐term memory and to preserve it, while Oregon‐R incapable of learning and formation short‐term memory. Polymorphisms in the limk1 gene apparently contribute to changes in the content and ratio of LIMK1 isoforms in the analyzed stocks, that influence in processes of learning and formation short‐term memory. Figure 4. Learning index (LI) Canton‐S, Berlin and Oregon‐R stocks * LI significantly differents from zero, p<0,05 ▲ LI significantly differents from Canton‐S ■ LI significantly differents from Berlin MATERIALS AND METHODS 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 min 15 min 3 | poster |
Visibiliser et ouvrir ses publications SNSF OA Check : découvrir son taux d’OA et comment l’améliorer Archive ouverte UNIGE : partager ses publications, sous forme de manuscrit accepté si la version publiée ne peut être diffusée Trouver des contenus en Open Access Obtenir la prise en charge des éventuels frais Vérifier la compatibilité OA de ses revues préférées Le couteau suisse de l’OA Tous les outils à portée de main Archive ouverte UNIGE : pour les contenus UNIGE Unpaywall : plugin de navigateur web, cherchant dans toutes les archives ouvertes DOAB : répertoire de livres 100% Open Access DOAJ : répertoire de revues 100% Open Access 1. Passer par l’outil de votre organisme de financement : ex. ChronosHub (articles FNS) ou mySNF (livres FNS) 2. Page accords UNIGE avec les éditeurs : vérifier si un accord existe et suivre la procédure décrite 3. Fonds d’aide à la publication UNIGE : demander un soutien financier si les conditions sont remplies Sherpa Romeo : politiques des revues vis-à-vis de la voie verte DOAJ : répertoire de revues 100% Open Access Cabells : liste des revues à éviter, en raison de pratiques prédatrices Outils spécifiques à des financeurs : ChronosHub (FNS) Journal Checker Tool (cOAlition S) BIBLIOTHÈQUE openaccess@unige.ch Floriane Muller, pour la Bibliothèque de l’UNIGE, 2023 Ce document est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Partage dans les mêmes conditions 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10034324 | poster |
A Machine Learning Inspired Method Reveals the Mass of K2-167 b Zoe L. de Beurs1,2, Andrew Vanderburg1,2, Christopher J. Shallue3, Joseph E. Rodriguez4, Sebastian Zieba5,10, Annelies Mortier6,7, Lars Buchhave8, Luca Malavolta9, HARPS-N Telescope Collaboration Discovering earth-mass exoplanets orbiting bright nearby stars requires precise radial velocity (RV) observations. Currently, we are limited by spurious RV signals introduced by the host star in the form of stellar activity (i.e. faculae, starspots). These stellar signals can mimic or hide exoplanet signals. Inspired by our successful implementation of a neural network stellar activity mitigation method on solar data (de Beurs et al. 2020), we designed a simplified machine learning (ML) method that can be applied to extrasolar stars. As a proof-of-concept, we tested this method on one star: K2-167. K2-167 was first found to host a transiting super-Earth by the K2 mission (Vanderburg et al. 2016b; Mayo et al. 2018). Recently, the planetary signal was re-detected by TESS (Ikwut-Ukwa et al. 2020). K2-167 is an ideal test case for our method. It is the brightest star observed by K2 that hosts a validated planet, and it is a relatively active, yet slowly rotating F7. HARPS-N began observing K2-167 in late 2015, but stellar activity has prevented a confident detection of the planet’s RV signal, even with the aid of state-of-the-art methods like GP regression. Our strategy is to use a simplified ML method to identify and interpret the subtle changes to stellar spectra that are caused by stellar activity. Background Data K2 – K2-167 was observed during K2 Campaign 3 from 2014 November 17 to 2015 January 23. After extraction, the lightcurves were reprocessed by using the methods described in Vanderburg & Johnson (2014) and Vanderburg et al. (2016a). TESS – K2-167 was observed by Camera 1 during TESS Sector 2 from 2018 Aug22 to Sept 20. The lightcurves were generated using NASA’s SPOC pipeline. HARPS-N – HARPS-N is a vacuum-enclosed cross-dispersed echelle spectrograph designed to achieve high-precision RVs (Cosentino et al. 2012). We collected 76 precise RV observations of K2-167 between Aug 2015 and Oct 2016. CCF Input Representation – For our ML model, we have to pre- process our data products into a uniform format such that the model becomes sensitive to shape changes due to stellar activity, not translational shifts caused by Keplerian shifts. We describe this input representation in detail in de Beurs et al. 2020. Results o We find that our simplified approach to stellar activity corrections yields a significant improvement in both the RV scatter (by a factor of ~ 2) and the precision with which we recover the mass of the transiting planet (improving a 2.3σ significance detection into a 4.0σ significance detection; Figure 3). Our MCMC fit found that the mass of 6.12!".$% &".%" 𝑀', the orbital period and phase of the detection agrees with the known 9.97857 day period from transit observations Future Directions o In the future, these or similar techniques could be widely applied to solar-type (FGK) stars, help measure masses of planets from TESS to fulfill the level 1 science requirement, and eventually help detect habitable-zone Earth-mass exoplanets. o We plan to further validate our method with HARPS-N Rocky Planet Targets and young planets orbiting young active stars Acknowledgments We thank the Office of Undergraduate Research, TIDES Advanced Research Fellowship, Dean’s Scholars, and the Junior Fellows Honors Program for their generous support. References Dumusque et al. 2014; de Beurs et al. 2020; Haywood PhD Thesis 2015; Vanderburg & Johnson 2014; Vanderburg et al. 2016a. Vanderburg et al. 2016b; Mayo et al. 2018; Shallue & Vanderburg, AJ 155, 94, 2018; Cosentino et al. 2012; Ikwut-Ukwa et al. 2020; Akeson et al. 2013 zdebeurs@mit.edu Figure 4: Periodogram: HARPS-N Raw (a) and Corrected (b) RVs in Fourier space. The peaks in the top panel that correspond to stellar activ | poster |
Young migrants from North Africa. What do we know? A scoping review to explore their health status and access to health services. Eva P. Rocillo Arechaga1,2, Barbara Broers1,3, Catherine Chamay Weber4, Lloyd Orphée Rigumye1, Melanie Pinon1,5, Yves-Laurent Jackson1,3 1) Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland; 2) Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; 3) Department of Community Health and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; 4) Adolescent Health Unit, Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland; 5) University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, School of Health Sciences (HES-SO), Geneva, Switzerland. In the last decades, adolescents and young adult migrants from North Africa (NA) arrived in Europe in large numbers1. Field observations reported features not previously described in other similar groups including high mobility across borders, precarious living conditions, use of psychotropic substances and high-risk behaviours such as prostitution and illegal activities2,3. Existing health literature on this population seems to be limited and fragmented. INTRODUCTION To better understand NA adolescents and young adult migrants’ health status, access and use of healthcare. LANGUAGE • English, French, Spanish CONTEXT • Studies conducted in European region (WHO) CONCEPT • Health status • Health services • Accessibility to health services • Use of health services POPULATION • Migrants from NA countries • First generation migrant • Any legal condition • From 10 to 24 years old • Any gender STUDIES • Peer-reviewed articles • Non-indexed reports • From 1990 to 2022 INCLUSION CRITERIA References 1United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, ”International Migrant Stock 2020,” United Nations (UN). Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), 2020. 2Trajectoires, ”Recherche-action sur la situation des mineurs non accompagnes marocains,” Trajectoires, Squats et Bidonvilles, 2018 3G. Pfau, G. Flye-Sainte-Marie och C. Pequart, Tendances recentes et nouvelles drogues, Paris: Observatoire Francais des Drogues et des Toxicomanies, 2019 4H. Arksey och L. O´Malley, ”Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework,” International Journal of Social Research Methodology, vol. 8, nr 1, pp. 19-32, 2005. 5The Joanna Briggs Institute, ”Joanna Briggs Institute reviewers´ manual: 2015 edition / supplement,” The Joanna Brigs Institute, 2015. STUDIES Most studies (n=9) were published between 2015 and 2021. All studies were observational, 9 were cross-sectional and 3 were case reports. Seven studies included NA migrants only. POPULATION The overall number of persons included was 1374, most of them being from Morocco (1150). Nine studies included only males and 11 focused on unaccompanied minors. For most studies (n=10) age range varied between 12 and 18 years old CONCEPT Five studies explore aspects related to general health, with dental caries, iron deficiency and dermatological issues reported as the most prevalent disorders. Six studies provide information on infectious diseases. Mental health and substance use was also explored in 5 studies, benzodiazepines and cannabis being the most often reported substances. Only 3 studies covered service provision all emphasizing the importance of transcultural approach. CONTEXT Studies were conducted in Spain (n=7), France (n=4) and Germany (n=2). Acknowledgement CONCLUSIONS DISCUSSION RESULTS Did you ever work with such migrants? We are looking for experts. Please get in touch with us at Eva.RocilloArechaga@hug.ch METHODS We conducted a scoping review following Arksey and O´Malley process and recommendations by Joanna Briggs Institute and based on the Population-Concept- Context (PCC) framework4,5. We searched the followin | poster |
Authors: Karun Gaur, Kinjal Dawda, Silke Oeschger-Delautre The intersection of health and sustainability – an Indian pharma perspective Introduction Climate change is a public health emergency, impacting the world’s most vulnerable populations due to global health inequities. The World Health Organization estimates that nearly 14 million people die each year from environmental health risks. The pharmaceutical industry plays a vital role in providing good health for people, yet also impacts the planet's health. According to the World Economic Forum, healthcare is responsible for 4.4% of global emissions, more per dollar of revenue than the automotive sector, and its CO2 footprint will triple by 2050 if left unchecked. Here we look at a case study of one of the largest Indian pharma companies to make medicines more sustainable from manufacturing to the journey it takes to the patient. Methodology The methodology assesses the environmental, social, and governance risks associated with the company’s operations and supply chain, including the impact of the company’s products and services for its patients, and its activities on the environment, such as biodiversity, carbon emissions, waste generation, and water usage. Results and Discussions Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories has always focused on science and sustainable business practices, making significant progress on its ESG agenda - setting goals on reaching 1.5 billion patients by 2030, innovating to improve the standard of treatment with three new solutions each year, and becoming carbon-neutral by 2030. This is reflected in several initiatives to enable equitable access to patients in low- and middle-income countries (see pie chart below), strengthen health systems, and ensure digital health inclusion. The company turned water-positive in 2023, using renewable energy, energy-efficient technologies, and sustainable transportation (air-to-sea shipments) to lower its carbon emissions (see graphic below, which shows the progress in one year). Dr. Reddy’s has also implemented a sustainable API manufacturing and development process focused on reducing waste, conserving water, and minimizing the use of hazardous chemicals. The impact of the direct operations of a company can be significant. However, there are also limitations. For example, sourcing adequately recyclable primary packaging is still challenging, as it directly impacts patient safety. Companies must also address the environmental impact across their entire value chain, build public-private partner- ships, and work with partners and peers to strengthen health systems. The pharma industry can’t address these factors alone; all health stakeholders must collaborate to find patient-centric solutions supported by sustainable policies and legislation. Conclusion The example shows that the global pharma industry has made progress in continuously enhancing sustainability in its operations. ESG assessments can help standardize efforts, identify areas of improvement, and align with stakeholder expectations on risk management and long-term sustainability. On the other hand, providing safe and high-quality medicines for patients will always come with the challenge of finding a balance, and the responsible use and disposal of medicines plays a vital role in minimizing their impact. Partnerships across the value chain and the collaboration of health stakeholders can help find patient-centric solutions while making ESG an integral part of business. www.drreddys.com, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories SA, Elisabethenanlage 11, 4051 Basel, Switzerland Contact: karung@drreddys.com, silkeo@drreddys.com PATIENTS REACHED (IN MILLIONS) Low-and-middle income countries Rural India Others 534’418 1’149’510 3’960’586 2’890’503 FY 2021-2022 FY 2022-2023 ENERGY CONSUMPTION (IN GIGAJOULES) Renewable sources Non renewable sources 302’466 214’257 166’247 137’627 FY 2021-2022 FY 2022-2023 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS (METRIC TONNES OF CO2 EQUIVALENT) Scope 1 Scope 2 Integrat | poster |
Very recently, a spectroscopic determination of the Boltzmann constant, kB, has been performed at the Second University of Naples by means of a rather sophisticated implementation of Doppler Broadening Thermometry (DBT) [1]. Performed on a 18O-enriched water sample, at a wavelength of 1.39 μm, the experiment has provided a value for kB with a combined uncertainty of 24 parts over 106, which is the best result obtained so far, by using an optical method. In the spectral analysis procedure, the partially correlated speed-dependent hard-collision (pC-SDHC) model was adopted. The uncertainty budget has clearly revealed that the major contributions come from the statistical uncertainty (type A) and from the uncertainty associated to the line-shape model (type B) [2]. In the present work, we present the first results of a theoretical and numerical work aimed at reducing these uncertainty components. It is well known that molecular line shapes exhibit clear deviations from the time honoured Voigt profile. Even in the case of a well isolated spectral line, under the influence of binary collisions, in the Doppler regime, the shape can be quite complicated by the joint occurrence of velocity-change collisions and speed-dependent effects. The partially correlated speed-dependent Keilson-Storer profile (pC-SDKS) has been recently proposed as a very realistic model, capable of reproducing very accurately the absorption spectra for self-colliding water molecules, in the near infrared [3]. Unfortunately, the model is so complex that it cannot be implemented into a fitting routine for the analysis of experimental spectra. Therefore, we have developed a MATLAB code to simulate a variety of H2 18O spectra in thermodynamic conditions identical to the one of our DBT experiment, using the pC-SDKS model. The numerical calculations to determine such a profile have a very large computational cost, resulting from a very sophisticated iterative procedure. Hence, the numerically simulated spectra (with the addition of random noise) have been used to test the validity of simplified line shape models, such as the speed-dependent Galatry (SDG) profile and pC-SDHC model. In particular, we have used the global fitting procedure that is described in Ref.[4]. Such a procedure is very effective in reducing the uncertainty resulting from statistical correlation among free parameters. Therefore, the analysis of large amounts of simulated spectra has allowed us to study the influence of the choice of the model and quantify the achievable precision and accuracy levels, at the present value of the signal-to-noise ratio. -1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Transmitted signal (V) Frequency detuning (MHz) P (Torr) 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 Useful References [1] L. Moretti, A. Castrillo, E. Fasci, M.D. De Vizia, G. Casa, G. Galzerano, A. Merlone, P. Laporta, and L. Gianfrani, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 060803 (2013) [2] A. Castrillo, L. Moretti, E. Fasci, M. D. De Vizia, G. Casa, and L. Gianfrani, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 300, 131 (2014); [3] N. H. Ngo, H. Tran and R. R. Gamache, J. Chemical Physics 136, 154310 (2012); [4] P. Amodio, L. Moretti, A. Castrillo and L. Gianfrani, J. Chemical Physics 140, 044310 (2014). [5] N. H. Ngo, H. Tran, and R. R. Gamache, J. Chemical Physics 136, 154310 (2012) Limits Hard collision model (Nelkin-Ghatak profile) ) v( f ') v v( A α MB KS 0 Soft collision model (Galatry profile) ') v,v δ( ') v v( A α KS 1 2 2 3 2 1 1 α 'v α v f ) α ( ') v v( A MB / KS 1 0 The multispectrum fitting procedure has been expressly designed and developed to analyze simultaneously a number of absorption spectra across a given pressure range, under the MATLAB environment, by means of a non-linear least-squares method. All the simulated spectra were fitted to the function here below: 0 1 0 ω ω I A exp ω a a ω P M 1 j j j j | poster |
Impact of spatial scale in cortical thickness networks is not significant in discriminating Alzheimer’s and Autism from controls *Pradeep Reddy Raamana1, Stephen C. Strother1,3 and for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 1 Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences; 3Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. *Corresponding author: praamana@research.baycrest.org 1 Introduction •Development of automatic imaging biomarkers predictive of future cognitive decline is necessary for the early detection of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). •There has been great progress in the past few decades in this direction due to the advent of large multi-site datasets like ADNI that are publicly available. •However, owing to the nature of large variability in disease presentation and overlap among different diseases in the early stages, the specificity and sensitivity of the imaging biomarkers is still unsatisfactory. •In order to improve the accuracy of the base imaging biomarkers, network-level feature extraction is gaining popularity as the method of choice [1]. •Here, we present •one such approach whose potential has been demonstrated in ADNI dataset in discriminating AD from Healthy Controls (CN) [2], and •a detailed study of its methodology to evaluate its robustness and understand the impact of the key choices [3] under 2 levels of separability. •Results from replication analysis on a subset of Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) dataset. 2 Method and Results •Given high potential for the development of accurate early detection methods and its wide-accessibility structural, T1 MRIs, thickness-based networks deserve a systematic study to understand •the impact of the choice of edge metric that defines connectivity (such as correlation [4], similarity [2], dissimilarity [5]) •the impact of the choice of cortical parcellation (patch-wise delineation vs region-growing vs functional ROI segregation) and its scale (size and number of ROIs) affect the network properties and their predictive performance? See Fig. 1. •We perform this study using the data from ADNI and ABIDE datasets (demographics in Tables 1 and 2) under 3 levels of separability. •Due to the variable sizes of ROIs, as shown in Fig. 2, approaches [2,4,5] rely on summary statistics to compute edge weights and do not utilize the rich description of thickness features. •By discretizing the thickness distribution in each patch, we enable a histogram- based framework to compute edge weights from the entire distribution from a given patch, instead of basing them on summary statistics such as mean or meadians. •We present and study 6 different methods of edge computation based on histogram distances as listed in Table 2, including two baseline methods. •The predictive power of these 6 methods are studies at 6 different spatial scales (nodal sizes) of the cortical parcellation as noted in Table 2, using the cross-validation procedure published in [3,2]. •The distributions of AUC for different combinations of edge definitions and scales are shown in Fig. 3. References: 1. Evans, A. C. (2013). Networks of anatomical covariance. NeuroImage, 80, 489–504. 2. Raamana, P. R., Weiner, M. W., Wang, L., Beg, M. F. (2015). Neurobiology of Aging, 36 Suppl 1, S91–S102. 3. Raamana, P. R., Strother, S. C., (2016). International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in Neuroimaging (PRNI), Trento, pp. 1-4. 4. He, Y., Chen, Z. J., & Evans, A. C. (2007), Cerebral Cortex, 17(10), 2407–2419. 5. Tijms, B. M., Seriès, P., Willshaw, D. J., & Lawrie, S. M. (2012). Cerebral Cortex, 22(7), 1530–1541. Funding: This research has been sponsored by Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR), Ontario Brain Institute (OBI) and Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative (ONDRI). Type of base distribution Type of Edge Metric Acronym Definition Summarized Similarity (diff. in medians) MD exp(similarity) EMD raw distribution Wil | poster |
Structure of a Be binary Structure of a Be binary B-type, non-supergiant stars that have the highest rotation rates amongst non- degenerate objects. They are non-radial pulsators and undergo episodes of mass ejection which lead to the formation of a decretion disk around the star. The disk is viscous and very sismilar to accretion disks, except that it builds from inside out. Observationally, Be stars are known for their emission lines in Hydrogen (Hα in particular), linear polarisation, and IR excess. i n n e r B e d i s k spiral dominated disk bridge circumsecondary region circumsecondary region circumbinary region Tightly wound one armed structure Matter that escapes from behind the Be disk (away from the companion), meets up with the main arm Radio emission? A flow of matter is flung out of the system after it has been focused by the companion Characterized by: Observationally: Decretion and Accretion Decretion and Accretion in be star binary systems in be star binary systems Amanda C. Rubio, Alex C. Carciofi, J. E. Bjorkman Universidade de São Paulo; ESO Be stars Be stars Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a mathematical technique created to describe the dynamics of fluids in a discrete fashion, using particles. As Be disks are gaseous and dustless, mostly controlled by viscosity, SPH can describe them well. In our code, we have implemented particle splitting, which allows us to explore less dense regions of the disk [1, 2, 3]. Our goal is to characterise Be stars in binary systems. The presence of the companion tidally affects the Be disk in many ways, leading to profound changes in its structure. We ran a grid of SPH models for binary Be stars with different periods and different values for the viscosity of the disk, α. SPH simulations SPH simulations Inner disk Circular orbits of the particles Azimuthal symmetry Accumulation of matter in the inner disk Larger scale height (puffier disk) More emission in lines that are formed closer to the star, such as He Stronger V band magnitude This region is the closest to the central Be star, and the most oblivious to the presence of the companion, as it is dominated by the gravity field of the primary and strong viscous torque. Characterized by: But it is not the same as an isolated Be disk! Observationally, the consequences would be: The formation of Be stars is still not understood. How do they obtain their fast rotation rates? Currently, the most favoured scenario is that they are a product of binary star evolution: the future Be star gains mass and angular momentum from a donor star that evolves faster. The fact that many Be stars are found in systems with evolved objects (such as sub- dwarfs and neutron stars [4, 5]) is an indicator that this is a viable route. Why do we care about Why do we care about binary Be stars? binary Be stars? Fig. 1: Snapshot of one of our SPH simulations. The two back dots represent the Be star and the companion, while the colours represent the density of the gas around them. The 5 regions we could discern in our work are marked. Conclusion Conclusion spiral dominated disk Elliptic orbits of the particles Two armed density waves that travel through the disk Deviations from the VDD in velocities and scale height V/R variations in Hα The companion makes itself known by messing up the disk as it affects it tidally Characterized by: Observationally: Fig. 2: Snapshot of one of our SPH simulations. The back dot represent the Be star, while the colours represent the radial velocity of the gas around them. The density arms are the regions marked by the highest velocities. Fig. 3: Example of Hα profiles of a real Be binary (pi Aqr). The strength of the violet and red peaks (V/R) changes depending on the movement of the density waves in the disk. circumsecondary region Density depends strongly on viscosity and period Radial velocities have similar amplitudes, but azimuthal velocities are much larger for lower viscosities Part of the matter is accreted | poster |
UWS Research Festival 20th – 24th June 2022 #UWSResearchMatters #UWSResearchFestival22 Examining the Communication Process of the Interpreters that Affects the Attitudes and Behaviours of Heritage Visitors | poster |
Pictures adapted from Biorender.com. PROJECT OUTLINE STABILITY AND DEGRADATION TESTS RECOVERY AND QUANTIFICATION OF SPIKED MNPs Fluorescent polystyrene (FPS) MNPs were recovered after digestion and filtration with Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy (CFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). No changes in morphology were observed. PLACENTAL TISSUE DIGESTION PROTOCOLS Spiked placental tissue was homogenized and enzymatically digested, followed by filtration over 700 nm glass fiber filters. Cleaner filter better digestion. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under AURORA grant agreement No 964827. LEARN MORE AND FOLLOW OUR PROGRESS QUESTIONS? COMMENTS? AuroraResearch.eu/newsletter Learn more about AURORA, the team mem- Do you have questions about AURORA? bers, and our latest research progress. Visit Want to engage with us or inquire about our website, follow our social media channels, an opportunity to collaborate? Then send and subscribe to our newsletter: us an email or get in touch directly with a responsible team member! AuroraResearch.eu info@AuroraResearch.eu @AuroraProjectEU AuroraResearch.eu/about/team linkedin.com/company/AuroraResearch NEWS Sample Pre-processing Protocols for the (Spectro-)Microscopic Analysis of Micro- & Nanoplastics (MNPs) in Maternal and Fetal Tissues Laura M. Zoutendijk1, Laurens D. B. Mandemaker1, Zenzi Matla1, Lisa Zimmermann2, Lonneke van Dalen1, Bert M. Weckhuysen1, Florian Meirer1 1: Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands 2: Food Packaging Forum, Staffelstrasse 10, CH-8045 Zurich, Switzerland Morphology Chemical composition Surface chemistry State of degradation Quantity Cultured spiked placenta cells • Optimize digestion • Ensure MNP stability Spiked placenta tissue • Optimize digestion and filtration • Find back MNPs • Determine recovery rate Non-spiked (environmental) placenta tissue • Detect MNPs • Determine MNP location • Analyze MNP degradation within body 200 nm FPS in water, 95 °C, 30 min. No agglomeration 200 nm FPS in 30% H2O2 No agglomeration 200 nm FPS in water, 95 °C, 2 hours Agglomeration occurs 200 nm FPS in pancreatin in TRIS-HCl No agglomeration Solution of badly digested tissue Homogenized placenta in buffer CFM image of 1 µm FPS (a) and SEM image of 200 nm FPS (b) recovered after digestion and filtration. CFM image of 0.5 μL droplet of 500 nm FPS in water (c) with color adjustments. Non-adjusted image is in right bottom corner. CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK Fluo-PS stable in used digestive agents. Digestion protocol made for placental tissue. Fluo-PS in spiked digested tissue analyzed with CFM. • Calculate recovery rate of Fluo-PS in spiked digested tissue. • Adapt protocol to blood, amniotic fluid, urine, etc. • Towards analysis of non-spiked samples Placenta as received Solution of well digested tissue Glass fiber filter, well digested tissue Glass fiber filter, badly digested tissue Laura Zoutendijk l.m.zoutendijk@uu.nl 500 nm • To quantify the total number of recovered particles, the number of particles in a whole droplet can be counted. • Counting grids are used to stitch multiple microscopy images together. • The number of counted particles can then be compared to the number of particles theoretically present in the droplet: Recovery rate = Number of particles found back during analysis Theoretical number of spiked particles * 100% c b a | poster |
aPhyloGeo-Covid: A Web Interface for Reproducible Phylogeographic Analysis SARS-CoV-2 Variation using Neo4j and Snakemake Wanlin Li and Nadia Tahiri. Department of Computer Science, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada ABSTRACT DATA INTEGRATION GitHub Link https://github.com/tahiri- lab/iPhyloGeo/tree/iPhylooGeo-neo4j Tahiri Lab website https://tahirinadia.github.io/ WORKFLOW Acknowledgements RESULTS CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES Brister, J. Rodney, et al. (2015). NCBI viral genomes resource. Nucleic acids research, 43.D1, D571- D577. Mathieu, E. et al. (2021). A global database of COVID-19 vaccinations. Nature human behaviour, 5.7: 947-953. O‘Toole, Á. et al. (2021). Tracking the international spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineages B. 1.1. 7 and B. 1.351/501Y-V2 with grinch. Wellcome Open Research, 6 (2021). Tahiri (2012). Un nouvel algorithme pour retrouver les relations phylogénétiques entre la distribution géographique des espèces et leurs compositions génétiques. Ø This research developed an interactive analysis platform that facilitate efficient filtering and organization of input data for phylogeographical studies of SARS-CoV-2. Ø The Neo4j database was integrated as a comprehensive repository, consolidating COVID-19 pandemic-related sequence information, climate data, and demographic data obtained from public databases. Ø Additionally, the platform provides a scalable and reproducible phylogeographic workflow for investigating the intricate relationship between geographic features and the patterns of variation in diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants. Ø Database currently contains 113,774 nodes and 194,381 relationships. Ø The code is freely available to researchers and collaborators on GitHub. Neo4j Data Modeling facilitate • storage, • management • querying of extensive SARS-CoV-2 variants-related data. Neo4j Data Analytics ensure the repeatability and comparability of phylogeographic analysis results. Ø The sliding window region with the lower RF distance was exclusively identified in the integrated analysis. Ø Within the regions identified with lower RF distance, a special attention should be given to regions with positions between 792 to 940 residue. • The platform streamlines the extraction, validation, and integration of genetic and environmental data, overcoming the limitations of manual tools. • aPhyloGeo-Covid workflow utilizes a sliding window approach to identify region-specific subparts of viral genetic sequences affected by environmental conditions. • The application of Snakemake workflow management ensures that the phylogeografic analysis can be replicated, validated, and used as a reliable basis for further research or analysis. • The platform facilitates the sharing of research results, encourages collaboration and promotes the exploitation of previous work. Ø Putative horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events were detected in the window regions spanning residues 792-940 of the amino acid sequences of 14 SARS-CoV-2 variants. Source Figure 1: Schema of Neo4j Database for Phylogeographic Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Variation Figure 2: The networks of a single analysis experiment Figure 3: Integrated analysis of genetic data and environmental data Figure 4: Snakemake workflow of the algorithm based on the new pipeline aPhyloGeo Figure 5: Robinson and Foulds topological distance normalized changes over the alignment windows Figure 6: Putative horizontal gene transfer events found for the window regions of 792-940 residue (amino acid sequences) of 14 SARS-Cov-2 variants • Multiple sequences are aligned and segmented into numerous alignment windows • Robinson and Foulds (RF) metric was employed to quantify the dissimilarity between o the phylogenetic tree of each window and o the topological tree of geographic features. Ø Tuning of window size and step size are required to optimize the analysis. Ø Reproducibility played a critical role in this process. • The network highlights all entities serving as input data sources and their relationships. • | poster |
CSSI Frameworks: Performance Engineering Scientific Applications with MVAPICH and TAU using Emerging Communication Primitives PI: Dhabaleswar K. (DK) Panda (OSU), Co-PIs: Sameer Shende (UO), Ahmad Abdelfattah (UTK), Yifeng Cui (SDSC) Institutions: The Ohio State University (OSU), University of Oregon (UO), University of Tennessee (UTK), San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) 1. Load-aware designs for MPI asynchronous communication 2. Cross runtime coordination for MPI+X applications 3. Partitioned point-to-point primitives for efficient communication 4. Application-aware neighborhood collective communication 5. Support for adaptive persistent collective communication 6. Coordinated communication kernels on GPUs 7. On-the-fly compression for accelerating scientific applications Proposed Framework Proposed Innovations Motivation & Research Challenges NSF CSSI PI Meeting, Charlotte, NC, August 12-13, 2024 Award #: OAC-2311830 1. Designing and Optimizing GPU-aware Nonblocking MPI Neighborhood Collective Communication for PETSc, K. Khorassani, C. Chen, H. Subramoni, and DK Panda, 37th IEEE International Parallel & Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS '23), May 2023 2. Accelerating MPI AllReduce Communication with Efficient GPU-Based Compression Schemes on Modern GPU Clusters, Q. Zhou, B. Ramesh, A. Shafi, M. Abduljabbar, H. Subramoni, D. K. Panda, ISC High Performance (ISC '24), May 2024 3. MPI performance engineering with the MPI tool interface: The integration of MVAPICH and TAU, Srinivasan Ramesh, Aurèle Mahéo, Sameer Shende, Allen D. Malony, Hari Subramoni, Amit Ruhela, Dhabaleswar K. (DK) Panda, Parallel Computing, 2018 4. Lossy all-to-all exchange for accelerating parallel 3-D FFTs on hybrid architectures with GPUs, S. Cayrols, J. Li, G. Bosilca, S. Tomov, A. Ayala and J. Dongarra, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER), 2022 5. Using open-science workflow tools to produce SCEC CyberShake physics-based probabilistic seismic hazard models, Callaghan S, Maechling PJ, Silva F, Su M-H, Milner KR, Graves RW, Olsen KB, Cui Y, Vahi K, Kottke A, Goulet CA, Deelman E, Jordan TH and Ben-Zion Y,. Front. High Perform. Comput. 2:1360720, 2024 6. Accelerating Large Language Model Training with Hybrid GPU- based Compression, L. Xu, Q. Anthony, Q. Zhou, N. Alnaasan, R. Gulhane, A. Shafi, H. Subramoni, D. Panda, IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud, and Internet Computing 2024, May 2024. Research Publications The proposed project seeks to co-design and integrate two powerful tools – MVAPICH and TAU – to demonstrate the new possibilities for performance-guided control and optimization for two large scale applications — AWP-ODC and heFFTe. 1. What are the challenges in achieving cross-runtime coordination and performance engineering for HPC applications? 2. Is it possible to leverage newer features available in modern GPU computing, the MPI 4.0 standard, and high- performance networking hardware to deliver better performance for HPC applications through efficient performance engineering? 3. Can MVAPICH and TAU co-design be leveraged in heFFTe and AWP-ODC to determine the reasons and guide resolutions for current strong scalability limitations in these applications? 4. How to reduce MPI communication costs for memory- bound heFFTe and AWP-ODC through new MPI features and integration with application-specific designs, mixed- precision algorithms, and real-time data compression? Supported by: OAC-2311830, OAC-2311831, OAC-2311832, OAC-2311833 Future Work Software Release, Community Engagement and Metrics MVAPICH (Initial Results) HeFFTe (Initial Results) TAU (Initial Results) AWP-ODC (Initial Results) Proposed integrated MPI profiling and performance engineering framework for MVAPICH and TAU, aiding HPC applications (AWP-ODC and heFFTe) Strong scalability on 3D FFTs of size 10243, using 24 MPI processes (1 MPI per Power9 core) per node (blue), and 24 MPI processes (4 MPI per GPU-V100) per node (red) Use T | poster |
ENOLOGICAL AND NUTRACEUTICAL POTENTIAL OF SOME GRAPE VARIETIES TOLERANT TO DOWNY MILDEW AND POWDERY MILDEW Fabiola De Marchi, Mirko De Rosso, Massimo Gardiman, Luigi Sansone,Annarita Panighel, Riccardo Flamini Council for Agricultural Research and Economics – Research Center for Viticulture & Enology, Viale XXVIII aprile, 26 – 31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy Macrowine 2021 Virtual Verona, June 23-30 2021 Conclusions Study of oenological potential of grapes coupled to evaluation of the experimental wines produced in 2019 and 2020 showed that these varieties have a high potential to produce both still and sparkling wines suitable to match the consumers’ satisfaction. Cabernet Cortis has a secondary metabolites profile which makes this variety suitable to produce wood-aged wines with floral notes. Souvignier gris is characterized by the presence of a- terpineol (floral aroma) and of interesting stilbenes which confer nutraceutical properties to the wines. Johanniter, characterized by high levels of geraniol, has a high aptitude to produce aromatic sparkling wines. Semi-aromatic character of Bronner makes this variety interesting for producing fresh and fruity still white wines. Spreading of these resistant varieties can promote the development of eco-sustainable viticulture at medium-high altitudes, such as Belluno Prealps and low Dolomites, an area which is of increasing interest in the context of the ongoing climate changes. Introduction Since 2012 the Veneto Region regulations allow the cultivation of twenty hybrid grapevine varieties tolerant to downy and powdery mildew, the main fungal diseases affecting grapevines. These varieties are characterized by high vigor and grape productivity, require a reduced pesticide use, and are suitable to develop sustainable viticulture in mountain areas located at medium altitudes (400-800 m a.s.l.), such as Veneto higher foothills and lower areas of Dolomites (North-East of Italy). The main aim of project VINIRES (started in 2018) is to evaluate the enological potential of four resistant vine varieties and their aptitude to produce high-quality wines: three white grape cultivars (Souvignier gris, Johanniter, Bronner), and the red grape cv Cabernet Cortis. The metabolomics study performed using high-resolution mass spectrometry techniques (UHPLC/QTOF) provided the complete profiles of the metabolites which determine the enological potential of the varieties. They include polyphenolic compounds belonging to the chemical classes of anthocyanins (natural colorants), flavonols, flavanols and procyanidins (antioxidant and astringent compounds), trans-resveratrol and stilbenes (nutraceutical compounds), and aroma glycoside precursors responsible for fruity/floral and floral/spicy notes of wines. Experimental Samples. Ripe grapes of varieties Cabernet Cortis, Bronner, Souvignier gris, and Johanniter were collected in 2019 and 2020 from vineyards located in Belluno province (Italy). Grape berries were randomly collected from different vines and immediately frozen at -20 °C until sample preparation for analysis. Sample preparation. Twenty berries were weighed and homogenized using liquid nitrogen. The resulting powder was added of pure methanol by a ratio of 1:2 w/v and 200 µL of internal standard 4,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone of 520 mg/L solution (Sigma-Aldrich, Milan, Italy). Extraction was carried out at room temperature for 20 min. The extract was centrifuged at 4200 rpm for 12 min at 18 °C and filtered by a 0.22 µm GHP Acrodisc filter (Pall) by collecting the solution in a vial for analysis. For each sample, two replicate analyses were performed. UHPLC/QTOF analysis. Extracts were studied by using an Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Agilent 1290 Infinity system coupled to Agilent 1290 Infinity Autosampler (G4226A) and Agilent 6540 accurate-mass Quadrupole-Time of Flight (Q-TOF) Mass Spectrometer (nominal resolution 40.000) equipped with Dual Agilent Jet Stream Ionization source (Ag | poster |
AstroSat observations of long-duration X-ray superflares on active M-dwarf binary EQ Peg Subhajeet Karmakar1, Sachindra Naik1, Jeewan C. Pandey2, and Igor S. Savanov3 (1) Physical Research Laboratory, Navrangapura, Ahmedabad 380009, India (2) Aryabhatta Research Institute of observational Sciences (ARIES), Manora Peak, Nainital 263002, India (3) Institute of Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Pyatniskaya 48, Moscow 119017, Russia We present a comprehensive study of three large long-duration flares detected on an active M-dwarf binary EQ Peg using Soft X-Ray Telescope of the AstroSat observatory. The peak X-ray luminosities of the flares in the 0.3 -- 7 keV band are found to be within ~4-10 × 1030 erg s-1. Spectral analysis indicates the presence of three temperature corona with the first two plasma temperatures remain constant during all the flares and the post-flare. The flare-temperature peaked at 56, 40, and 31 MK, which are 2.5, 1.8, and 1.4 times more than the minimum value, respectively. The peak emission measures are found to be 1.16 -- 5.64 × 1053 cm-3, whereas the abundances peaked at 0.7 -- 1.2 times the solar abundances. Using quasi-static loop modeling, we derive loop-lengths for all the flares as 2.7 ± 1.4 × 1011, 3.9 ± 1.5 × 1011, and 6.4 ± 2.4 × 1011 cm, respectively. The estimated energies of all three flares are >1033-35 erg, putting them in a category of Superflare. All three superflares are also found to be the longest duration flares ever observed on EQ Peg. Contact: subhajeet09@gmail.com CoolStars-20.5 -- virtually cool -- 2-4 March 2021 | poster |
Figure 1. The average daily PM10 and NO2 concentration in Stuttgart December 2004 (www.stadtllima-stuttgart.de). Red bars: days > 50μg/ m3 Black line: velocity of wind Orange bars: days < 50μg/m3 Blue line: NO2 concentration Blue bar: weekend, public holiday Green Walls for Clean Air Katrin Gölsdorf, Hans Müller Helix Pflanzen GmbH Marcus J. Collier School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Policy, University College Dublin, Ireland Introduction Air quality influences health and well being and pollutants like fine dust particles have the greatest impact on health. Their noxious effects are dependent on the particle size and the substance of content. Fine dust with a smaller diameter than 10µm can be transported to the bronchi and bronchioles. But more dangerous are particles less than 2,5µm. They directly enter the bloodstream through the alveolus. Studies from the WHO (Ostro, 2004) show that fine dust contaminated air reduces life expectancy by about 10 months. In Germany, measurements have been taken on fine dust since the 80’s, and recently there have been attempts to improve German air quality using new action plans and providing incentives to fight air pollution. Nevertheless, threshold values for fine dust have been exceeded, especially in congested urban areas. 20% of all measuring stations in Germany exceeded the maximum allowed daily threshold value for fine dust on more than 35 days per year with more than 50μg of fine dust (PM10) per cubic meter of air [μg/m3] averaged across the day. Stuttgart is one of the regions with the highest fine dust concentrations in Germany (figure 1). REFERENCES Ostro B. (2004) Outdoor Air Pollution: assessing the environmental burden of disease at national and local levels. Geneva, World Health Organisation. WHO Environmental Burden of Disease Series, No.5. Ottelé, M., van Bohemen, H. D. and Fraaij, A. L. A. (2010) Quantifying the deposition of particulate matter on climber vegetation on living walls. Ecological Engineering, 36 (2), 154-162. Pugh, T.A.M., MacKenzie, A.R., Whyatt, J.D. and Hewitt, C.N> (2012) Effectiveness of green infrastructure for improvement of air quality in urban street canyons/ Environmental Science & Technology, 46 (14), 7692–7699. Reznik, G. and Schmidt, E. (2009) Reduction of emissions by vegetation – dry collection and wet resuspension of fine dust particles on ivy. GRdL 69 (10), 434 – 438. www.gefahrstoffe.de/gest (in German). Can plants help to improve the air quality? People have often complained about Ivy on buildings, but research by Helix Pflanzen GmbH, a company that is specialised in the cultivation of ivy species and the development of green wall technology, is shedding new light on an old problem. Using a cultivated variety of ivy (Hedera helix ‘Wörner’), experiments were carried out that illustrated the binding effect that this Ivy has on fine dust particles. This is particularly important in urban areas, where fine dust can lead to significant impacts on quality of life. Results In 2008 Helix-Pflanzen GmbH collaborated with the University of Wuppertal to investigate fine dust capture by ivy (Hedera helix ‘Wörner’). The cleansing efficiency of this variety of plant was described by the fraction that could be removed by washing under active overhead irrigation as a function of surfaces, dimensions and mass. From the measuring results it was shown that Hedera helix ‘Wörner’ contributes to the particulate matter separation. This is characterised by a rain-induced leaf cleaning. Hedera helix ‘Wörner’ can significantly collect fine dust on its leaf surface. Particles < 5μm were deposited during low water flow velocity. If there is enough rain water and drop energy, particles > 5μm will be washed off the leaf surface (Reznik & Schmidt, 2009), shown in figure 2. Conclusion While Ottlé et al. (2010) show that ivy can capture many polluting compounds, while also mitigating the effects of the urban heat island, the air ‘cleaning’ potential of these plants | poster |
OBJETIVO R Comparar y predecir la evolución de la materia orgánica del suelo (SOM) en el tiempo y con respecto a la fracción de cobertura del arbolado, a través de un modelo obtenido mediante un análisis de los datos recogidos durante los 12 años que abarca este estudio. INTRODUCCIÓN r La estabilización del carbono del suelo juega un papel clave en el ciclo global del carbono. CONCLUSIONES R La proporción de materia orgánica en el suelo se ve directamente influenciada por la cobertura del arbolado debido a la ausencia de luz en las capas inferiores del sistema, afectando así a la tasa de mineralización y modificando en consecuencia la composición del sotobosque al agregarse, además, un material acidificante al suelo como son las acículas caídas. Por todo lo anterior, tratamientos culturales como la poda se convierten en recomendables con objeto de facilitar la incorporación de la materia orgánica al suelo. Financiación obtenida por el Programa de Desarrollo e Innovación H2020 a la red temática europea Agroforestry Innovation Network (AFINET, nº727872) y la XUNTA DE GALICIA (Ayudas de Consolidación y Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria ("Programa de axudas á etapa posdoutoral DOG nº122, 29/06/2016 p.27443, exp: ED481B 2016/071-0"). Este trabajo se llevó a cabo por la USC para contribuir a los objetivos de la Global Research Alliance sobre gases de efecto invernadero en la agricultura (www.globalresearchalliance.org). La información mostrada no debe ser considerada como que representa el punto de vista de la Alianza en global o sus representantes.Financiación obtenida por el Programa de Desarrollo e Innovación H2020 a la red temática europea Agroforestry Innovation Network (AFINET, nº727872) y la XUNTA DE GALICIA (Ayudas de Consolidación y Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria ("Programa de axudas á etapa posdoutoral DOG nº122, 29/06/2016 p.27443, exp: ED481B 2016/071-0"). Este trabajo se llevó a cabo por la USC para contribuir a los objetivos de la Global Research Alliance sobre gases de efecto invernadero en la agricultura (www.globalresearchalliance.org). La información mostrada no debe ser considerada como que representa el punto de vista de la Alianza en global o sus representantes. 2 160 320 480 No fertilizado Fert. con lodos 9 tratamientos X 3 réplicas Encalado / no Mineral Lolium perenne L. Dactylis glomerata L. Trifolium repens L. Primavera y otoño 1998-2012 ANOVA y LSD test Pinus radiata D. Don 1667 árboles ha -1 Interacción entre la materia orgánica y la cubierta arbórea en sistemas silvopastorales establecidos en Galicia bajo Pinus radiata D. Don Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Rigueiro, María Rosa Mosquera-Losada, Antonio Rigueiro-Rodríguez, Nuria Ferreiro-Domínguez s Escola Politécnica Superior. USC. Campus de Lugo. Benigno Ledo s/n. 27002, Lugo. | poster |
Title Influence of pulse duration on intracellular calcium concentration for sub-10 ns pulses. Authors Lynn Carr1,2 Cristiano Palego2 Delia Arnaud-Cormos1 Philippe Leveque1 Affiliations: 1. Univ. Limoges, CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, F-87000 Limoges, France 2. School of Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, UK. Keywords: Intracellular calcium, nsPEF, glioblastoma Introduction Calcium ions (Ca2+) play a key role in a wide range of cellular processes. Intracellular calcium concentrations [Ca2+]i are known to increase following nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) exposure. To date there is limited information on how nsPEF, with a duration of less than 10 ns, affect calcium levels within cells. This study aims to characterise changes in [Ca2+]i following application of sub-10 ns pulses. Methods Changes in [Ca2+]i were visualised in U-87 MG cells loaded with 0.5 µM FLUO-4, AM. Cells were imaged, in either a standard HBSS solution or a calcium free HBSS solution, by epifluorescence using a Leica DMI6000 microscope with a 63x objective. Using two steel electrodes separated by a gap of 300 µm, with 50 Ω impedance in parallel and an nsPEF generator with 50 Ω output impedance, cells were exposed to a single pulse of 10, 8, 6, 4 or 2 ns duration, with an electric field intensity of 250 kV/cm. Change in fluorescence for each duration was averaged from 5 separate experiments with at least 3 cells per experiment. Results In standard HBSS solution all pulse durations caused immediate increases in [Ca2+]i. The amplitude of the increase was dependent on pulse duration. 2 and 4 ns pulses caused similar maximum fold increases in fluorescence of around 1.3, with fold increases of 2, 4.2 and 5.2 observed for pulses of 6, 8 and 10 ns respectively. The 2 ns pulse reached maximum fluorescence in 71 seconds after pulse application, for the other pulse durations it was reached in around 33 seconds. Within a minute of the pulse, for all durations except 2 ns, fluorescence had started to return towards baseline levels. By the end of the imaging period (2 | poster |
Poly(vinyl alcohol) molecular bottlebrushes nucleate ice E-mail address: P.Georgiou@warwick.ac.uk 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK @Georgiou_PG @LabGibson 3 Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK 2 Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK warwick.ac.uk/go/panagiotis_georgiou P. G. Georgiou,[1] N. L. H. Kinney,[1] I. Kontopoulou,[1] A. N. Baker,[1] S. A. Hindmarsh,[2] A. Bissoyi,[1] T. R. Congdon,[1] T. F. Whale,*[1] M. I. Gibson*[1],[3] achieved by the “splat assay”, whereby small ice crystals are formed at –80 °C , then allowed to grow at – 8 °C, and their growth measured -78 ?? MOTIVATION Cryopreservation using Antifreeze Glycoprotein (AFGP) mimics Biggs et al., Macromol. Biosci. 2019, 19, 1900082 AFGPs are found in polar fish species and can slow ice crystal growth and therefore improve cryopreservation. Several synthetic and peptidomimetic macromolecules have shown great potential as cryopreservatives. Georgiou et al. Manuscript Submitted, 2022 • When the size of an AFP increases, it can become an ice nucleating protein. • Shown with modelling and experimentally. THIS WORK High-density brushes via “grafting-through”: Bottlebrushes with different side-chain densities were designed via ROMP and RAFT polymerization. Selective hydrolysis of the acetate esters of the poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) side chains of the PVAc bottlebrush precursors resulted on the preparation of PVA bottlebrushes. Low-density brushes via “grafting-to”: Assessment of ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity and ice binding Increase in IRI activity compared to linear PVA Bottlebrushes (high and low density) inhibiting below 0.1 mg.mL-1. Assessment of ice nucleation activity +PBS + “Splat assay” Ice shaping (in sucrose solutions): PVA graft copolymers and bottlebrushes lead to more faceting of ice crystals, compared to linear PVA as the large polymers can span multiple crystals No additive Synthetic approach Ø High-density bottlebrushes were observed to nucleate ice at average temperatures as warm as –19.2 °C which is unprecedented for a fully synthetic soluble material. Ø Low-density PVA brushes also favored nucleation in although they nucleated ice at colder temperatures Microliter scale droplet freezing assay ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The most active and widely studied synthetic ice-binding polymer is poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) well-known to effectively block the recrystallization of ice. Molinero et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 18, 7439–7452 active inactive OH n PVA HO O H n PEG Koop et al., J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2019, 10, 5, 966–972 | poster |
Warszawa Wrocław Szczecin Gdańsk Olsztyn Kraków Poznań Delimitation of species in Lepocinclis ovum complex (Euglenida) Katarzyna Chaber*, Maja Łukomska-Kowalczyk*, Alicja Fells*, Bożena Zakryś* *Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biological-Chemical Research Centre, University Of Warsaw Background The aims of the study Materials and methods Results Fig. 3. Consensus Bayesian tree based on 79 nSSU rDNA sequences. (1) significant increase of the number of sequences representing the L. ovum-like taxa on phylogenetic trees; (2) comparative morphological and molecular research on new strains (=isolates); (3) estimation of morphological and genetic diversity and verification of morphological diagnostic features for particular taxa (well-established clades) on a molecular phylogenetic tree; (4) reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships; (5) taxonomic verification, amending diagnoses, and designating epitypes for well-distinguished taxa, particularly for L. ovum and L. globulus. Using environmental sampling and nuclear SSU rDNA sequencing, we delimited species within the group of Lepocinclis ovum-like taxa. Apart from L. ovum and L. globulus, 13 other species were distinguished and four taxa (L. conica comb. nov., L. fominii comb. nov., L. gracilicauda comb. nov., and L. pseudofominii nom. nov.) had their taxonomic ranks changed. For all verified species, diagnostic descriptions were amended and epitypes designated, particularly for L. ovum and L. globulus. Identification of many common species of autotrophic euglenids is still problematic due to unsolved controversies in their taxonomy. Lepocinclis ovum (Ehren.) Lemmermann 1901 and L. globulus Perty 1849 are such problematic species. Although Lepocinclis ovum is recognized as a cosmopolitan and common species, and Lepocinclis globulus is the type species of the genus Lepocinclis, their correct identification is nearly impossible. The reason is that over 30 morphologically similar taxa appear in the literature, but no good diagnostic features exist to distinguish most of them. Fig. 1. a) original Ehrenberg's drawing of L. ovum, b) morphology of L. ovum, c) morphology of L. globulus. a b c The samples were collected during seven vegetation seasons (2012-2018) from 30 eutrophic water bodies in Poland. DNA was obtained from the cells (20-400) isolated with a micropipette. Morphological and molecular features were studied for taxa isolated from the environment and for two strains from algae collections. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted on 54 sequences of nSSU rDNA which were used to calculate maximum likelihood and Bayesian trees. Fig. 2. Map illustrating sampling locations in Poland. This work was supported by the OPUS 2016/23/B/NZ8/00919 grant from the National Science Centre, Poland. Łukomska-Kowalczyk, M., Chaber, K., Fells, A., Milanowski, R. & Zakryś, B. 2019. Molecular and morphological delimitation of species in the group of Lepocinclis ovum-like taxa (Euglenida). J. Phycol. 56:283-99. Zakryś, B., Łukomska-Kowalczyk, M., Chaber, K. Fells, A., 2020. Typification of Lepocinclis ovum (Ehrenberg) Lemmermann (Euglenophyta), a widespread freshwater species. Notulae Algarum No. 144. | poster |
Growing in colder climate than seed origin Growing in warmer climate than seed origin Photo Courtesy of Greg O'Neill Climate Adapted Seed Tool (CAST) www.ReforestationTools.org 2050 A Crisis and Opportunity • California forests are not adapted to rapidly changing climate conditions. • With climate-adapted seed transfer we can take proactive steps to adapt forests to climate change. Expected Impacts of Seed Transfer Expected Impacts—if deployed across private land in CA starting in 2021 By 2050 By 2060 Additional CO2 Sequestered [million tonnes/yr] 2.3 4.1 Market Value of Additional CO2 Sequestered [million USD/yr] $77 $138 Additional % of Net 2018 CA GHG Emissions Sequestered [%/yr] .5% 1% Additional Timber Production [million board-ft/yr] 142 256 Climate Adaptation Mismatch Tree populations tend to be genetically adapted to their local historical climate conditions. But the climate is changing fast. Trees are long-lived and can’t disperse as effectively as animals to track their suitable climate. Reforestation is an opportunity to help trees move to reach their ideal climate conditions. Climate Transfer Functions CAST uses climate-transfer functions fit to data from seed-transfer experiments to estimate the relative growth rate (e.g., growth, survival) of each candidate seed source. An evidence-based tool to improve reforestation outcomes. • Trees grow to become resistant to fire more quickly • Greater carbon sequestration • Greater timber production • Forest Health • Reduced mortality • Faster recovery into desired habitat types Seed-Transfer Datasets We’re working to incorporate data from 368,000 trees planted in seed-transfer experiments across western North America into CAST. Forward thinking scientists began establishing these experiments in 1910 and scientists are still working to establish new experiments. However, the bulk of our data currently comes from outside California. Scaling up the number of seed transfer experiments planted in California’s diverse regions will be critical to best adapting our forests to climate change. Greg O'Neill BC Forest Service Jessica Wright US Forest Service Joe Stewart UC Davis Species abco abma acma alru pico pije pimo pien pipo pisi potr psme qulo thpl tshe N. Provenances 14 9 42 47 184 3 145 182 42 30 180 77 95 10 57 N. Sites 5 5 3 2 60 3 7 26 10 9 3 6 2 6 5 N. Trees 9.1k 3.3k 13.8k 4.1k 70.7k 4.6k 22.1k 110k 10k 31.9k 9k 25.3k 7k 4.1k 42.7k Last Meas. Age [field-yrs] 18-26 18-26 10 10 20-35 41 16 10-15 8-80 10-15 3 17- 100 6 15 5-25 Planting Yr(s) 1976- 1979 1976- 1979 2008- 2009 1995 1974 1973 1988 2000- 2005 1910 - 1992 2000 2000- 2007 1915- 1975 2014- 2015 1991 1993- 2005 Spatial Accuracy and Uncertainty Climate is a Moving Target Mean Annual Temperature [°C] Percent Decline in Productivity Due to Climate-Adaptation Mismatch Probability Probability Sung et al 2021 Team PICO, RCP8.5 Ensemble Seed Source Planting Site Jim Thorne UC Davis Steve Ostoja USDA Climate Hub Jessie Godfrey UC Davis Selecting seed for warming climate conditions inherently involves tradeoffs between optimizing for colder conditions in the near term and hotter conditions in the long term. CAST currently defaults to balancing this tradeoff by to optimizing for anticipated climate conditions ≈ 20 yrs. in the future. It also includes options for optimizing over longer or shorter time horizons. Ryan Boynton UC Davis % Decline in Productivity Without CAST CAST allows users to input precise spatial information and is also backwards compatible with California’s legacy system of seed zones and elevation bands. Because of considerable climatic heterogeneity (i.e., uncertainty) within the legacy spatial units, users who use precise spatial information are likely to achieve better outcomes (i.e., ≈ 5% greater growth rates). % Decline in Productivity without CAST | poster |
A grid of synthetic spectra for the study of multiple populations on globular clusters Vinicius Branco1, Paula Coelho1, and Ariane Lan¸con2. Instituto de Astronomia, Geof´ısica e Ciˆencias Atmosf´ericas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.1 Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.2 Email: vbranco@usp.br Summary Globular Clusters are challenging and fascinating astronomy objects. Once understood to be simple stellar populations, it is now known that stars in massive GCs present chemical variations not expected by the current theoretical predictions. In this work, we have calculated stellar spectra to study the integrated properties of GCs, considering three iron metallicities and two generation of stars — a primordial one following the pattern of galactic halo stars and a second one with anti-correlated CNONa abundances. We show that the modelled stellar population spectra present signatures of the CNONa anti-correlations, thus affecting our interpretation of the integrated spectrum of a GC and the Lick indices. Before applying our models to extragalactic environments, where only the integrated spectra of GCs can be accessed, we are calibrating our stellar spectra grid to a sample of metal-poor empirical spectra drawn from the X-Shooter Library. This will allow us to construct a more reliable grid of synthetic spectra to study the multiple populations on GCs. Introduction Globular Clusters (GCs) are invaluable to advance our knowledge of both galactic and extragalactic astronomy. The last decade is seeing a change of paradigm regarding these systems: once understood to be simple stellar populations, now evidence accumulates that nearly all massive Galactic GCs harbour multiple populations (MPs) of stars. Yet the stellar populations models to date often still study these systems on the basis of simple stellar populations. Our work aims at improving stellar population models of integrated spectra by incorporating what is already known in terms of the chemical mix- tures of the multiple populations. For that, we build on our previous work and in synergy with the POPSYCLE collaboration [1]. We believe this will allow us to better exploit the data of extragalactic GCs, expected to be observed in the coming years. Methodology Our recent work Branco (2020, [2], [3], “B20”) and Branco et al. (in prep), followed up on the first efforts by Coelho et al. (2011, “C11”, [4]) in understanding the effect of MPs in the integrated light of GCs. To calculate the models and the synthetic spec- tra, we used ATLAS12 and SYNTHE codes [5], with the Sun to calibrate our atomic and molecular ingredients. We produced two stellar population synthesis (SPS) models, covering three metallicities. For each [Fe/H] value, we calculated α-enhanced models representing a first generation of stars and a α−and helium-enhanced second generation including the observed chemical abundance variations on C, N, O and Na on stars of Galactic GCs. Figure 1 shows how the SPS integrated spectra contrast to each other at various metallicities, as well as the residual flux difference between first and second generation spectra. Figure 1. SPS integrated spectra representing the first (purple) and second (yellow) generation of stars for three metallicities (top panel) and their residual flux difference (i.e., first generation flux minus second generation flux, bottom panel). Results For a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.7, C11 found that the Lick indices appreciably affected by the chemical abundance anticorrelations, as expected by the presence of MPs, were CN1, CN2, Ca4227, G4300 and NaD. Later on, B20 produced a grid of stellar spectra expanding the metallicity coverage of C11 towards less and more metallic systems. The effects on the Balmer lines were confirmed in B20, and for the first time the influence of the MPs on those Lick indices were found in different metallicity regimes. Conclusion and Perspectives We have confirmed the results by C11 and expanded the metallicity coverage of that study i | poster |
Collaborative Research: CyberTraining: Pilot: Research Workforce Development for Deep Learning Systems in Advanced GPU Cyberinfrastructure OAC-2306184/OAC-2330364 PI of OAC-2306184: Tong Shu, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas PI of OAC-2330364: Xin Liang, Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky Training Program on Deep Learning Systems in Advanced GPU Cyberinfrastructure 2023 and 2024 https://dlgpu-workshop.github.io Training Syllabus Lecture Modules • For all students ➢Deep Neural Network Training and Inference on GPUs (Dr. Tony Luo) ➢Deep Learning Models I: Convolutional Neural Network and Physics- Informed Neural Network (Dr. Tony Luo) ➢Deep Learning Models II: Graph Neural Network and Transformer (Dr. Tong Shu) [New in 2024] ➢Resource-Aware Deep Learning Model Exploration on GPUs (Dr. Tong Shu) ➢Basic CUDA Programming (Dr. Tong Shu) ➢GPU Architectures and CUDA Programming (Dr. Tong Shu) • For CSE students ➢Advanced CUDA Programming (Dr. Xin Liang) ➢CUDA Programming for Deep Learning Applications (Dr. Xin Liang) ➢CUDA Libraries, Kernel Profiler, and Performance Analysis Tool (Dr. Iraklis Anagnostopoulos) ➢Deep Learning on TPUs (Dr. Iraklis Anagnostopoulos) [New in 2024] • For non-CSE students: ➢CNN-based Hydrological Connectivity Modeling (Dr. Ruopu Li) ➢PINN-Based Space Environment Nowcast (Dr. Daoru Han) Hands-on Exercise System https://github.com/SHUs-Lab/JupyterHubPlus • Configure JupyterHub for authentication and access of multiple users • Support CUDA C code block by modifying JupyterHub source code • Iterations with trainees and timely monitoring of progress on hands-on exercises Raw data (e.g., tabular data, images) Scientific/ Social Simulation/ Experiments DL-Driven Scientific Research Performance metrics (e.g., prediction accuracy, training time, resource efficiency) Search Space Neural Architecture | Hyper-Parameters | Resource Constraints GPUs of diverse capabilities (e.g., number of CUDA/tensor cores, peak TFLOPS, memory, bandwidth) PyTorch Model Exploration (NNI) Exploration Strategy Estimation Strategy Cross-model optimization Training control Search algorithms (e.g., evolutionary algorithm, reinforcement learning, bayesian optimization) Model generation with resource constraints Resource-Aware Neural Architecture Search CNN PINN Performance Modeling and Prediction DL inference DL training Nvidia GPUs Advanced CUDA Toolkit Architectures of State-of-the-Art GPUs PyTorch Convolutional-NN-based Hydrological Connectivity Modeling GPU-based DL Systems Advanced GPU CI DL App Benchmarks Geoscience Research Physics-Informed- NN-based Space Environment Nowcast Neural Network Intelligence (NNI) Resource-Aware DL Model Exploration Advanced Programming with Tensor Cores Latest Profiler: Nsight Compute, Nsight Systems DL Training and Inference on GPUs Libraries: cuBLAS, cuDNN, NCCL Interdisciplinary Projects • Project topics ➢Project 1: Accurate and time-efficient transformer inference on TPU architecture for drought classification (Summer 2024) ➢Project 2: Exploration of TPU architectures for optimized transformer performance in image detection of drainage crossings (Summer 2024) ➢Project 3: Accuracy-constrained efficiency optimization and GPU profiling of CNN inference for detecting drainage crossing locations (Summer 2023) ➢Project 4: Pareto optimization of CNN models via hardware-aware neural architecture search for drainage crossing classification on resource-limited devices (Summer 2023) ➢Project 5: Deep-learning model for optimization of an electrostatic Sieve for lunar regolith beneficiation (Summer 2024) ➢Project 6: Space environment modeling and uncertainty quantification with deep neural networks (Summer 2023) ➢Project 7: Reusing small pre-trained models for efficient large model training in natural language processing (Summer 2024) ➢Project 8: Real-time edge analytics for thermal infrared imagery and geological hazards with deep detection (Summer 2023) • | poster |
Listening effort ratings for habitual and clear-Lombard speech as predicted by a glimpse measure Esther Janse1, Chen Shen1, & Martin Cooke2 1 Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands 2 University of the Basque Country, Spain Background and RQs 1 High-Energy Glimpse proportion (HEGP) measure is known to predict speech-in-noise intelligibility 2 Intelligibility and listening effort are inversely related RQ1a Does HEGP predict listening effort ratings for speech presented in noise? RQ1b If so, does HEGP predict effort differentially for habitual and clear-Lombard speech? RQ2 Do acoustic-phonetic measures explain additional variance in effort ratings? Speech corpus and ratings • Multi-talker Radboud Lombard Corpus (subsample of 48 talkers) • Speech and listening effort ratings available on Zenodo (scan QR ) • 48 talkers reading 48 sentences, in both habitual and clear-Lombard style (48*48*2=4608 sentences) • Listening effort ratings collected online for sentences, presented in speech-shaped noise (-6 dB SNR) • 230 online raters; each unique sentence rated by 2-3 raters • Rating on 7-point listening effort scale Extremely effortful to understand Not effortful at all to understand Acoustic measures High-Energy Glimpse Proportion • Speech-in-noise mixture passed through filter bank • HEGP quantifies speech-dominant High-Energy glimpses from the noisy speech HEGP score (0-1) per sentence Statistical modelling and results Model 1 (HEGP) Model 2 (HEGP plus additional acoustic measures) model1=lmer(Rating ~ hegpC*Style+ Gender + (1|SentenceID) + (1|Rater) + (1+Style|Speaker) model2= (same fixed and random structure as model 1) + scaled(F0range + F0median+artic_rate + HamI) Number of obs: 11040, Rater, 230; Speaker, 48; SentenceID, 48 (sum coding for categorical variables) Identical dataset and contrast coding as for model 1 Fixed effects β SE t p –level HEGP -8.93 0.41 -21.93 *** Style -0.55 0.08 - 7.139 *** Gender (talker) 0.81 0.11 7.15 *** HEGP*Style <1 n.s. Marginal R2 (AIC) 0.34 (35159) Fixed effects β SE t p–level HEGP -7.93 0.41 -21.93 *** Style -0.44 0.08 - 5.31 *** Gender 0.77 0.12 6.38 *** HEGP*Style 0.69 0.62 1.12 n.s. F0 range -0.08 0.02 - 3.61 *** F0 median 0.06 0.03 1.91 . (<0.1) Articulation_rate 0.10 0.03 3.33 *** Hammarberg Index 0.06 0.03 2.22 * Marginal R2 (AIC) 0.35 (35136) YES NO YES Intelligibility in noise Listening effort HEGP and other acoustic measures ? Additional acoustic-phonetic measures • F0 range (in semitone) • F0 median (in semitone) • Articulation rate (syll/sec) • Hammarberg Index (Δ energy LF (0–2 kHz) and HF band (2–5 kHz; higher values index less vocal effort) Bottom line HEGP and other acoustic measures Listening effort Intelligibility in noise RQ1: HEGP equally strong predictor of effort across speaking styles RQ2: acoustic-phonetic measures explain some additional variance in listening effort MORE EFFORT HEGP (centered) This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant No. 675324 (ENRICH). 1 2 | poster |
Characterization methods for Shiga toxin-producing E. coli – a part of OH-HARMONY-CAP G.S Johannessen 1 • R. Tozzoli 2 • A. Pista 3 • C. Flink 4 • F. Alves3 • D. Bolton5 • M. Kirchner6 • N. Boisen7 1. Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Ås, Norway • 2. Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy • 3. National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal • 4. Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden • 5. Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland • 7. Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom • 7. Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark In summary, 41 laboratories responded that they tested for STEC, including human clinical (17), animal (13), food (24), feed (6) and environmental samples (11) [1]. For the typing of STEC, serotyping is commonly being used, although it is clear that the pathogenic potential of the isolates cannot be determined by serotypes alone and that all STEC are considered as pathogenic to humans [2]. A total of 25 and 15 labs performed O- and H-typing, respectively, using serological, molecular and a combination of these methods (fig 1). A total of 35 respondents tested their isolates for virulence-associated genes, where a majority tested for stx and eae genes. Approximately half of the labs testing for stx genes also carried out subtyping of these, while subtyping of eae was not common. From the responses to the questionnaire it was not possible to discriminate between laboratories using PCR or WGS for the detection of virulence genes, but we assume that both methods are employed. In addition 17 laboratories reported that they performed phylogenetic analyses, i.e. genetic comparisons to determine the relatedness of isolates (fig 2). While the literature search yielded around 130 hits, we also looked into recent publications from organizations such as EFSA and FAO/WHO [2,3]. Several different methods for typing and characterization of STEC have been tested, but serotyping and virulence gene profiling of stx genes and their subtypes seem to be the most used methods. For further characterization molecular methods such as PFGE and MLVA have been commonly used, but with recent developments in sequencing technology, many laboratories have implemented whole genome sequencing (WGS) based methods for further characterization of STEC, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and core and/or whole genome multi locus sequence typing (cg and/or wg MLST). References: [1] D-IA.2.2.OH-Harmony-Cap 3.2. 2021. https://zenodo.org/record/5788415#.Yjm6--fMKUk, [2] EFSA, 2020. DOI: https://doi,org/10.2903/j.efsa.2020.5967, [3] FAO/WHO, 2018. https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/CA0032EN/ This poster is part of the European Joint Programme One Health EJP. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No 773830. RESULTS METHODS The work package (WP) 3 of the OH-HARMONY-CAP project (One Health Harmonization of Protocols for the detection of foodborne pathogens and AMR determinants) concerns laboratory interoperability, i.e. the potential for using harmonized method across the human, veterinary and food sectors. Here we aimed to map characterization methods for Shiga toxin-producing E. coli currently in use, identify gaps and recommend a harmonised strategy for such methods. • A questionnaire was developed in WP3 to examine current practices in public health, veterinary, food testing and National Reference Laboratories and the responses from the questionnaire with respect to typing and characterization of STEC were analysed. • A literature search in PUBMED using the search string (Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli) AND (characterization methods) AND (typing methods) with criteria English language and publication period 2000 - 2021, was performed. • Other sources, such as EURL for E. coli, EFSA, ECDC, OIE and FAO/WHO were also examined. CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES Molecular typing methods, including t | poster |
Bentheuphausia amblyops (Euphausiacea) Gennadas valens (Dendrobranchiata) vs. Amalopenaeus elegans (= Gennadas elegans) faut examiner les structures génitales / must examine the genital structures Nematocarcinus rotundus (Caridea) Acanthephyra purpurea (Caridea) Acanthephyra pelagica (Caridea) Notostomus elegans (Caridea) Crustacés mésopélagiques (crevettes et krill) - relevé d’hiver 2024 NGCC Cabot Mesopelagic Crustaceans (shrimp and krill) - Winter Survey 2024 CCGS Cabot Plesionika martia (Caridea) Hymenopenaeus debilis (Dendrobranchiata) Systellaspis debilis (Caridea) Robustosergia robustus (Dendrobranchiata) Pasiphaea tarda (Caridea) G. valens fem. épines / spines épines / spines x Claude Nozères (2024) | poster |
Motivation Applications for Modeling Life Science data in Wikidata. Tim E. Putman1, Sebastian Burgstaller-Muehlbacher1, Andra Waagmeester2, Chunlei Wu1, Andrew I. Su1, and Benjamin M. Good1 1 Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA 2 Micelio, Antwerp, Belgium Wikidata provides an extensible open framework ideal for aggregating distributed data in a centralized database that supports: •complex querying based a semantic data model •providing data for domain specific web applications that allow the user to both read and write data A A) Semantic microbial data model consisting of a hierarchical taxonomic schema and separate entities for gene and protein. The nodes are Wikidata ‘items’ and ‘properties’ define the relationships. B) Python based ‘Bot’ software for gathering data from different resources and reading and writing directly to Wikidata (https:// github.com/SuLab/WikidataIntegrator). Bacteria (Q10876) domain C. trachomatis 434/BU (Q20800254) strain trpA (Q21153861) gene TRPA (Q21153984) protein found in taxon (P703) parent taxon (P171) encodes (P688) encoded by (P702) subclass of (P279) Entrez ID (P351) gen. start (P644) gen. stop (P645) subclass of (P279) UniProt ID (P352) RefSeq ID (P637) molecular function (P680) locus tag (P2393) C. trachomatis (Q131065) species biological process (P681) cell component (P682) Data model and implementation B Figure2. NCBI Genome Assemblies. A) Various data sources for microbial genetic data. B) Cumulative sum of bacterial and eukaryotic genome assemblies submitted to NCBI GenBank by year. A B Scope and diversity of microbial data 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 Bacteria Eukaryotes Sequenced Genomes Modeling microbial interactions trpA C. trachomatis genome www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ genome/ indole www.drugbank.ca/ Chlamydia trachomatis: genes www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/ Human: indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase www.uniprot.org/ tryptophanase www.uniprot.org/ C.trachomatis: trp. synth. alpha and beta www.uniprot.org/ C.trachomatis: tryptophan synthase www.rhea-db.org C.trachomatis: trpRBA operon www.operondb.jp/ Akers et al. 2006 trpB trpR organismLabel Escherichia coli IAI39 Treponema denticola ATCC 35405 Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. enterocolitica 8081 Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. hydrophila ATCC 7966 Vibrio cholerae O1 biovar El Tor str. N16961 Vibrio parahaemolyticus RIMD 2210633 Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum ATCC 25586 Desulfovibrio vulgaris subsp. vulgaris str. Hildenborough Salinibacter ruber DSM 13855 Escherichia coli UMN026 Escherichia coli O104:H4 str. 2011C-3493 Escherichia coli O83:H1 str. NRG 857C A) The interactions between host, pathogen, microbiome, and small molecules that lead to pathogen persistence during a chlamydial infection in humans (originally hypothesized by Caldwell et al. 2003). Blue URLs indicate source of data and edges are defined by properties in Wikidata. B) SPARQL query results for organisms that are capable of producing indole . A B. Organisms that produce indole Acknowledgements We would like to thank Lynn Schriml and Elvira Mitraka of the University of Maryland, the members of The Apollo Project and the many members of the Wikidata community for valuable contributions to this project. References/Funding Caldwell et al. 2003 (PMID:12782678) Putman et al. 2016 (PMID:27022157) Burgstaller-Muehlbacher et al. 2015 (PMID: 26989148) This work is supported by the National Institutes of Health under grant GM089820, GM083924, GM114833 and DA036134. Domain Specific Portals into Wikidata A) WikiGenomes: a centralized model organism database for bacterial reference genomes that supports community annotation. B) Wikidata as the universal, community owned, backend database for any domain specific application. A B L-tryptophan www.drugbank.ca/ N-Formylkynurenine www.drugbank.ca/ | poster |
Introducción Los procesos de fusión y solidificación de las nanopartículas de elementos puros y nanoaleaciones en la actualidad siguen atrayendo interes por sus propiedades especiales y posibles aplicaciones en diversos campos como catálisis, electrónica, óptica y hasta remediación ambiental. Objetivos - Determinar el rango de temperatura donde ocurre la fusión de la nanoaleación Fe-Al. - Determinar si el tamaño de la nanoaleación influye en la temperatura de fusión. Procedimiento Se utiliza la simulación con el método de dinámica molecular para estudiar los procesos de fusión y solidificación de las nanopartículas de Al@Fe en concentración de N-m para el aluminio y m para el hierro (siendo N el número total de átomos y m el número de átomos de Fe) con estructura core-shell. Es decir los átomos de Al en el centro y en la capa externa los átomos de Fe. Se han simulado varias concentraciones con velocidades de calentamiento de 2 K/ps y 10 K/ps en el rango de temperatura de 200 K a 1600 K. La simulación se realizó con el software LAMMPS con potencial de interacción tipo EAM. Estructura interna y externa de la nanopartícula de 1157 átomos a 200 K. Red de tipo FCC con parámetro de red 4.04 Anstron. Resultados Nanoaleación de 1157 átomos Nanoaleación de 3907 átomos Energía total vs Temperatura para varias concentraciones. Con un calentamiento de 2K/ps Conclusiones - La transición de fase en la nanoaleación de 1157 átomos ocurre aproximadamente a 900 K. - La transición de fase en la nanoaleación de 3907 átomos ocurre aproximadamente a 1000 K. - El número de estructuras de tipo FCC decrese. - Ambas nanoaleaciones muestran cierto grado de cristalinidad a 213 K aproximadamente. Transición de Fase en Nanoaleaciones de Hierro-Aluminio con Estructura Core- Shell: Estudio con Dinámica Molecular XXIV Simposio Peruano de Física 2 al 6 Noviembre 2015 Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Shigueru Nagata, Zhenia Davalos, Justo Rojas Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú | poster |
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development EPA’s Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) Research Effort Communications and Outreach Overview M. Linnenbrink National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency Approach Stakeholder Groups Communication & Outreach Activities ToxCast Data Usage Stakeholder Workshop Feedback Monica Linnenbrink l Linnenbrink.Monica@epa.gov l 000-000-0000 III-1-576 • Promote use of ToxCast high-throughput screening data to inform a variety of chemical safety decisions • Increase meaningful involvement in the development of research and tools • Encourage two-way dialogue between stakeholders and EPA about ToxCast data • Provide regular updates about research progress and plans for the future research direction • Academic Institutions • Industry/Industry Trade Associations • Professional Societies • Non-Governmental Organizations • International Government Agencies • Environmental & Scientific Media • US EPA Regulatory Offices & Regions • Other US Government Agencies • US Congress • State Agencies & Municipalities • December 13, 2013 – EPA announced release of iCSS dashboard, ToxCast Phase II data and Data Challenges (news release, social media, blog) • Updated fact sheets and websites • Continued Social media: Twitter, blogs for Scientific Reports, Environmental Science & Technology, and Nature Biotech papers • Events: Webinars, workshops and Data Summit • Proactive outreach to scientific and environmental media • ToxCast research presented and promoted at scientific conferences • Research collaborations to exchange data and expertise (LOREAL, Health Canada, pharmaceutical companies, etc) • Feedback from stakeholders (surveys, qualitative) • Tutorial videos • Data challenges Recent scientific advances provide innovative solutions to persistent and pervasive issues facing risk-based chemical safety evaluations. US EPA has been using in vitro testing methods to accelerate the pace of chemical evaluations, reduce reliance on animals, and address the lack of data on thousands of chemicals. In 2013, EPA’s Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) released high- throughput screening data on 1,800 chemicals. ToxCast is a multiyear effort launched in 2007 that uses high-throughput screening to expose cells or proteins to chemicals. The cells or proteins are then screened for changes in biological activity that may suggest toxic effects. ToxCast has the potential to limit the number of animal-based toxicity tests, while quickly and sufficiently screening large numbers of chemicals. ToxCast chemicals were screened for potential health effects using a battery of ~700 high-throughput screening assay endpoints. All data is publicly available for stakeholders to analyze and use to help inform chemical safety decisions. Applying ToxCast data to support regulatory decisions requires evolution of a risk assessment paradigm that has been used for decades. EPA recognized early that a communications and outreach strategy with the goal of increasing usage and analysis was needed to demonstrate the power of this information . Background Media Coverage 60% 13% 27% ToxCast Data Very Satisfied Satisfied Neither Satisfied or Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Very Dissatisfied Have not Used 13% 34% 20% 33% iCSS Dashboard Very Satisfied Satisfied Neither Satisfied or Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Very Dissatisfied Have not Used 27% 66% 7% Workshop improved understanding of data/tools and use of them Strongly Agree Agree Undecided Disagree • Media Coverage • BNA • Greenwire • Chemical Watch • Environmental Leader • ACC • Twitter stats: 7 tweets, 41 retweets, 15 favorites, reaching 145,880 individuals • Held two stakeholder workshops • Provide overview of high-throughput screening data • Presentations described ToxCast data • Provide early interpretation of data • Demonstrate how to access ToxCast data • Provide opportunity for stakeholder feedback during one-o | poster |
First Results of the 2021 FASER Calorimeter Test Beam Charlotte Cavanagh, University of Liverpool FASER is a new experiment at CERN designed to complement the LHC's ongoing physics programme, extending its discovery potential to light and weakly-interacting particles such as long-lived dark photons (A’). These are characterised by a signature with two oppositely-charged tracks or two photons with very high energy (∼TeV) that emanate from a common vertex inside the detector. The FASER tracker consists of 72 double-sided silicon microstrip modules. • A 150 GeV muon beam with approx. 3.5M tracks was used to study local alignment in middle layer of 1 station • Local x and y residuals before (after) alignment shown in red (blue) displaying the results after alignment • Global alignment results are in progress • The test beam saw efficient data taking with good overall beam quality and purity • The relative calorimeter response to different electron energies and MIPs (high energy muons) were measured • Tracking studies have provided local alignment results • Preliminary results have been compared to simulation and fair agreement has been found in terms of energy resolution • Raw calorimeter data has been analysed and corrected to account for pre-shower, improving resolution • Analysis continues as an ongoing process, more than 150 million events were recorded during the week of the test beam • Detector once again situated in TI12, ready for data taking during Run 3 Experiment The main aims of the 2021 Test Beam are: • Calibration of calorimeter using electron (5-300 GeV) and muon (150 GeV) beams, scanning through 24 spatial points across 6 modules • Study uniformity of MIP response and pion scan Setup consists primarily of the tracking stations, the preshower and the calorimeter. Test Beam Tracking Studies • When the pre-shower sees more charge, the calorimeter sees less charge • A correction factor was derived and applied to calorimeter energy measurements to account for this imbalance in charge • The resulting calorimeter response increases mean charge/energy deposition and improves resolution Pre-shower Correction Outlook A full simulation of the calorimeter system is implemented in FASER’s Calypso framework. • Specific test beam geometry designed to compare simulation to data • Crystal ball fitted to distributions to extract μ and σ, where σ is derived from width of crystal ball, converting to energy resolution (σ/E) allows for direct comparison (see table) Corrected data - includes pre-shower correction, removal of noisy channels, 5 + 10 GeV data points excluded (limit of beam) to further reduce resolution Raw data - no corrections, event selection applied to waveform, μ = deposited charge/beam energy Simulated data - no pre-shower correction, comparable to raw data, μ = fraction of energy deposited in calorimeter Previous LHCb results - 2004 test beam extending to 100 GeV, using same ECAL modules but without a pre-shower, comparable to corrected data Next stage: calibrate response of calorimeter in terms of energy. Calorimeter Performance Tracking stations = 3 Planes per station = 3 Modules per plane = 8 FASER is supported by: Errors on plot are too small to be visible at this scale. Test Beam setup and event display. | poster |
Kyung-Ae Park(1), Hye-Jin Woo(2), Sung-Rae Chung(3), Seong-Hoon Cheong(3), Byung-Il Lee(3) (1) Dep. of Earth Science Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Email: kapark@snu.ac.kr (2) Dep. of Science Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, (3) National Meteorological Satellite Center, KMA, Chungbuk, Korea Geo-KOMPSAT-2A (Geostationary Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite-2A, GK-2A), which was launched successfully on 5 December 2018, is a second geostationary satellite of Korea, following on the Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS). Advanced Meteorological Imager (AMI) on the GK-2A, which is quite a similar to the ABI of GOES-16/17 and the AHI of Himawari-8/9, has sixteen channels and has an overall wavelength range from 0.4 to 13 μm. The spatial resolution is 0.5 km or 1 km for the visible channels and 2 km for the infrared channels. The temporal resolution is 10 minutes for the full disk images. In this study, for operational GK-2A/AMI sea surface temperature (SST) retrieval, we developed SST algorithm using 8.7, 10.5, 11.2, and 12.3 μm channel data of Himawari-8/AHI as proxy data. In addition to cloud mask using the cloud detection algorithm, a quality control process of the estimated SSTs using real-time radiative transfer model data and climatology data was also applied for stable and accurate SST retrieval. The estimated SST is compared with the quality controlled GTS buoy temperature observation data. The daily, 5-day and 10-day SST composite data were produced based on the simple average method. In addition, daily blended SST composite data are also produced using retrieved Himawari-8 SST data, NOAA/AVHRR local area coverage data, microwave SST data from AMSR2 and GMI, drifter temperature data, and in-situ moored- buoy temperature data. Preliminary results of SST estimation from GK-2A data are presented. Algorithm Assessment and Error Characteristics STATUS OF ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT FOR SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE RETRIEVAL OF GEO-KOMPSAT-2A/ADVANCED METEOROLOGICAL IMAGER Summary and Conclusion • The GK-2A/AMI SST is basically retrieved using the multi-band (4 band) SST retrieval algorithm by default, and can be retrieved using the empirical regression SST algorithm and the hybrid SST algorithm optionally, depending on user demand. The retrieved SST does not represent the skin temperature; instead, it represents the temperature at a depth of approximately 20 cm, because the drifter data are used as in situ data. Therefore, it is reasonable that this retrieved SST is considered as the temperature between the skin and subskin layer. • At thermal infrared (IR) wavelengths, the SST can be retrieved only under clear sky. The accuracy of the satellite SST measurement is limited by the accuracy of sensor radiances, the quality of cloud screening, and correction for the effects of atmospheric absorption and scattering and surface reflection in the retrieval algorithms. GK-2A/AMI SST Retrieval and Validation Period 1st Aug 2016 ~ 31st July 2017 Hybrid SST Positive bias (> 30oC) Multi-band Positive bias (< 10oC) Fig. Comparison between (a) Hybrid SST and (b) Multi-band SST and in-situ measurements and distributions of (c) Hybrid SST and (d) Multi-band SST as a function of the in-situ SST. The color scale represent the percentage of the data. Fig. Time series of RMSE and bias of retrieved SSTs using static SST coefficients from 1 August 2016 to 31 July 2017. Algorithm Assessment using Proxy Data (Himawari-8/AHI) Hybrid SST positive error (SZA <15o) Multi-band SST SST error increase at the high SZA Fig. Spatial distribution of errors of (a) Hybrid SST and (b) Multi-band SST and distributions of (c) Hybrid SST and (d) Multi-band SST as a function of satellite zenith angle (SZA). Error Characteristics GK2A/AMI SST Retrieval GK-2A/AMI Himawari-8/AHI OSTIA Fig. An example of spatial distribution of retrieved SST from GK-2A/AMI data at 00:30 UTC on 1 April 2019. Comparison of GK-2A SST with ot | poster |
Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience Fast quantitative T1-mapping at ultra-high field using inversion-recovery echo planar imaging Dimo Ivanov, Benedikt A Poser, Sriranga Kashyap, Martin Havlicek, and Kâmil Uludağ Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Netherlands RESULTS/DISCUSSION • The generation of high-resolution distortion-matched quantitative T1 maps at 7 and 9.4 T using an optimized inversion-recovery EPI sequence is possible • Anatomical data that is geometrically identical to the functional data provides means to localize brain activations more accurately • M0 maps have proton density and T2 *-weighting and therefore offer complementary anatomical information especially in subcortical regions • The T1 values of grey and white matter increase at 9.4 in comparison to 7T • The inversion efficiency was at least 95% throughout the brains of all participants at 7T. At 9.4T comparable inversion efficiency was achieved in most of the brain except for regions around and inferior to the left basal ganglia. Parallel transmission[7] can be used to increase B1 in these areas • The presented approach allows high-resolution accurate quantitative T1 mapping in less than 6 minutes, which makes it also applicable for clinical studies, as changes in T1 have been linked to many neurological disorders • Further scan time reductions using simultaneous multi-slice techniques[8,9] are still possible INTRODUCTION • In a typical fMRI analysis, the results are displayed overlaid on an anatomical image • A good co-registration between the fMRI and anatomical data is essential to achieve accurate localization of function • The differing image properties (contrast, distortions) of both datasets pose a challenge for the registration and often lead to errors • Co-registration between functional and anatomical data is most important, but also most difficult, in high-resolution fMRI at ultra-high field (B0- and B1-inhomogeneities) • Ultra-high field (≥7 T) offers fMRI substantial benefits due to increases in signal-to-noise ratio and specificity[1] • The problem with co-registration between anatomical and functional data can be circumvented by acquiring distortion-matched anatomical images using inversion-recovery EPI with identical readout parameters • We demonstrate the feasibility of the approach at both 7 and 9.4 Tesla, utilizing recent advances in methods for fast quantitative T1-mapping[2] References [1] Uludağ et al. Neuroimage, 2009. 48:150-65 [2] Renvall et al. Proc. ISMRM, 2014. 22:4282 [3] Shajan et al. MRM, 2013 71:870-9 [4] Norris DG. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2000. 11:445-51 [5] Clare & Jezzard. MRM, 2001. 45:630-4 [6] Hurley et al. MRM, 2010. 63:51-8 [7] Bazin et al. Neuroimage, 2014. 93 Pt 2:201-9. [7] Grissom et al. MRM, 2006. 56:620-9; [8] Moeller et al. MRM, 2010. 63:1144-53 [9] Setsompop et al. MRM, 2012. 67:1210-24 CONCLUSION The approach presented delivers geometrically-matched reference for fMRI studies at ultra-high field and can be applied for tissue segmentation and brain morphometry. METHODS • 7T and 9.4T Siemens scanners with 32-channel (Nova Medical) and 31- channel[3] head coils, respectively • Five healthy volunteers (28±4 years old) participated after giving informed consent • The acquisition rapidly obtains several inversion times (TI) by placing EPI readouts following an inversion pulse and permuting the slice order each repetition[4,5] • The slice-order permutation was done stepping through several slices at a time according to the reordering scheme proposed in Renvall 2014[2] • The inversion was done using an optimized 10 ms tr-FOCI pulse[6], which achieves high inversion efficiency at ultra-high field despite B1- inhomogeneities and SAR constraints • Acquisition parameters: 1 mm3 isotropic resolution; TR/TIs/slices/step = 10 s/32/128/4; TE = 24 ms (7T) & 20 ms (9.4T); TA = 5 min 30 s • Quantitative M0, T1 and inversion eff | poster |
L = 1032 cm-2s-1 at 2 GeV Lpeak = 2*1031 cm-2s-1 at 1 GeV - DC — 1218 hexagonal cells with sensitive wires. σp/p — 1.5-4.5% for 200-1000 MeV/c, σdE/dx/dE/dx = 14%. - SC solenoid magnetic field 1.3 T. - LXe-calorimeter and CsI-calorimeter are in barrel part and BGO-calorimeter is in the end caps. - the vacuum pipe inside DC is made of 0.5 mm aluminum with 17 mm inner radius. - inner shell of the DC is made from CFRP and has 20 mm radius. Search for the decay ω→ηe+e- in η→π+π-π0 decay mode with the CMD-3 detector Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia — V. Mishin, on behalf of CMD-3 collaboration Events selection Abstract A set of selection criteria has been elaborated using Monte-Carlo modeling simulation (MC) to extract the ω→ηe+e- decay events. Using a data sample of 6 pb-1 collected in 3 central points in the energy range close to ω-meson invariant mass the upper limit on the branching ratio of decay has been estimated: B(ω→ηe+e-) < 5 ∙ 10-6, which does not contradict to the Vector Dominance Model (VDM) prediction: (2.0 – 4.8) ∙ 10-6. Preliminary results, further plans Secondary selection criteria To start signal events selection one has to determine charge particles types. Charge particles types are defined using kineamtic property of the decay, by a spatial angle between their tracks. Two tracks are leptonic, if the spatial angle between them less than 1.5 radian. The efficiency of such separating algorithm is 60% approximately. Difference in e/π ionization losses used as additional veto for selected events. Primary selection criteria These criteria have been used to extract the events with appropriate signature having good reconstructed tracks: 1. Transverse momentum is > 40 MeV / c; 2. Total momentum absolute value is < 470 MeV /c; 3. Minimal distance between every track and beam axis is < 1 cm; 4. A number of points on each track is > 10; 5. A track polar angle value is between 0,9 and π - 0,9 radian; 6. 4 charged tracks in event; 7. The total track charge is equal to zero; 8. More than one photon in the signal event. To suppress main background coming from decay ω→π+π-π0 with consequent π0 Daliz decay π0 →e+e- γ one has to investigate ω→ηe+e- kinematic properties. Two missing masses have been chosen to separate the signal events and main background. An event is the signal one in case if parameters matches corresponding regions. Deviation between the signal event parameters and corresponding Gauss curve means have to be less than 3 standard divergences. Additional feature of decays ω→ηe+e- and ω→π+π-π0 has been found in the dependence between π+π- and e+e- total momenta. This feature gives an extra oppotunity to separate signal and main background events, nevertheless, it also suppresses signal events by a half. However, this gives possibility to check, wether selected events are likely being the signal samples or not. Among all used experimental events 3 of them satisfied enumerated selection constraints. Only one of them has 2 photons, however, they are located in the region filled with dense background. Among all used experimental events 3 of them satisfied enumerated selection constraints. Only one of them has 2 photons, however, they are located in the region filled with dense background. Assuming all picked out events are background, the decay relative probability B(ω→ηe+e-) upper limit has been estimated: B(ω→ηe+e-) < 5 ∙ 10-6, which does not contradict corresponding VDM prediction (2.0 – 4.8) ∙ 10-6. Now we are going to modify described selection conditions to take into account Initial State Radiation (ISR). To enhance results objectivity we are going to apply blind-analysis method. To use it one has to choose two independent variables which have sharp prominent peak for the signal and quite flat or monotonous for the background. These variables are presented above. Width of each variable has been measured and blind-box size has been determined (3σ for each variable). All events into area will | poster |
HOMICIDE RATES IN BRAZILIAN STATE OF PIAUÍ: COMPARISON AMONG FOUR PERIODS: 1982-1990, 1991-1999, 2000-2008, AND 2009-2017. CONCLUSION: There was a significative increase in annual homicide rates over time, during period 1982- 2017, in PIAUÍ State, Brazil. A C Raimondi 1, A M Raimondi 2 1 Father Albino Integrated Colleges – Faculty of Medicine (FIPA - MEDICINE), Catanduva, São Paulo State – SP, Brazil; 2 AM Raimondi Medical Services Company, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State – SP, Brazil . INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is comparing the homicide rates of Brazilian State of PIAUÍ, among four different periods: 1982- 1990, 1991-1999, 2000-2008, and 2009-2017 . References: [1] Gomes, F. P. (2000). Curso de estatística experimental. [2] Callegari-Jacques, S. M. (2009). Bioestatística: princípios e aplicações. Artmed Editora. [3] Raimondi, A. M. (2002). Dicionário fundamental de bioestatística. AM Raimondi.. DATA ANALYSIS: Data were provided from Brazilian government. The period 1982 to 2017 was divided into four equal periods of nine years each: 1982-1990, 1991-1999, 2000-2008, and 2009-2017. The Annual Homicide Rate (AHR) of State of PIAUÍ was calculated: AHR = LN[(H/N)*105)] AHR = Annual Homicide Rate, LN = natural logarithm, H = number of homicides per each year of period, N = number of inhabitants in the State of PIAUÍ in respective year. One-factor ANOVA procedure was employed to study the effect of levels (periods) on AHR. After ANOVA, a Tukey’s test (a≤0.05) was employed to comparing pairs of means by period. Table 2. One-factor ANOVA results: comparing period means of AHR, State of PIAUÍ, Brazil. RESULTS: Table 1. Statistical summary of AHR in four periods, State of PIAUÍ, Brazil. PERIOD N MEAN STANDARD ERROR OF MEAN 1982-1990 9 1.50 0.07 1991-1999 9 1.47 0.05 2000-2008 9 2.39 0.05 2009-2017 9 2.85 0.08 D.F. MEAN SQUARE F P PERIOD 3 4.17 118.06 < 0.0001 ERROR 32 0.04 - - TOTAL 35 - - - PERIOD 1982-1990 1991-1999 2000-2008 2009-2017 1982-1990 - - 0.89 1.34 1991-1999 - - 0.92 1.38 2000-2008 - - - 0.46 2009-2017 - - - - Table3. Significative differences* of means (AHR) between periods. *Evaluated by Tukey’s test (a≤0.05). | poster |
1. Mendapatkan komitmen dan dukungan terhadap inisiatif kesehatan dalam bentuk kebijakan, personel, pendanaan, fasilitas, akomodasi, partisipasi dalam kegiatan, dan banyak bentuk lainnya, tergantung pada situasi dan upaya. 2. Adanya pemahaman atau pengenalan atas kesadaran 3. Adanya ketertarikan dan minat yang sama 4. Adanya keinginan dan kemauan atas kepedulian atau kesanggupan untuk membuat dan menerima perubahan 5. Adanya Tindakan/perbuatan/kegiatan yang berbasis bukti 6. Adanya kelanjutan yang diharapkan 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kasus 18-356 1. Kami menyerukan kepada semua dosen untuk membuat dan mengembangkan Program Pemberdayaan Mahasiswa (PPM) berbasis bukti untuk mencegah masalah kesehatan mental di pendidikan tinggi. 2. Selama ada program, perlu dibentuk pendampingan dan ruang konsultasi pada setiap kelompok dan kelas untuk memberikan dukungan menyeluruh kepada mahasiswa yang menjadi sasaran utama. 3. Selain itu, untuk menciptakan lingkungan pendidikan yang bebas dari masalah kesehatan mental, kami menyarankan untuk menyediakan pendidikan promosi kesehatan di berbagai bidang. 1 2 3 IMPLEMENTASI Hal ini dapat dilakukan melalui kerjasama dengan institusi di lingkungan PTS/PTN sebagai upaya awal untuk mendukung dan berkolaborasi dalam pencegahan permasalahan kesehatan jiwa di perguruan tinggi DUKUNGAN ORIENTASI ORIENTASI KEBERHASILAN PENCEGAHAN KESEHATAN MENTAL DI LINGKUNGAN PERGURUAN TINGGI SWASTA/NEGERI (PKMPTS/PTN) DI JAWA TENGAH, INDONESIA 2021 2045 Yang di Harapkan adalah Terjadinya Penurunan Kasus Kesehatan Mental, Bunuh Diri, Percobaan, Depresi dsb Ardiansyah Jumaedi Nasir | Sulistyawati Suyanto Tujuan Utama 10 Provinsi Dengan Kasus Bunuh Diri Dari Data Tersebut, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia Urutan Pertama Komitmen Bersama | poster |
Open Science Conference 2020 - Call for Poster Presentations Driving institutional change for open, responsible research and innovation Abstract Open Science (OS) and Responsible Research & Innovation (RRI) seek to achieve a cultural change in our research environment. We are moving forward, but still Open Science and RRI seem not yet widely implemented. There is a gap between the actual and the potential role of open responsible research. In an extensive literature review, we analyzed what trends drive Open Science and RRI forward and what barriers prevent their wide implementation in the current system. To name a selection of critical trends, hyper-competition, increasing staff mobility and pressure, shrinking research funds etc. influence research practices negatively. These trends oppose the values of democracy, quality, self-protection, sustainability, technological innovation etc. which are driving RRI and Open Science. In addition, a comparison of different sectors and national contexts showed that indeed the variation across sectors is substantial: The type of research and stakeholder relationships is very important for the performance of RRI and Open Science. In particular, it matters how established or novel these sectors are. Whereas the differences in national settings seem to be less important for RRI and OS implementation. Building on this analysis, we conducted four case studies to observe how to deal with these findings to allow and support institutional change. Four institutions, including three universities and one company, conducted co-creation experiments: They engaged various internal and external interest groups in the design and implementation of a research project, e.g. by organizing focus groups, conducting interviews etc. This effort led to a RRI-model for the company, a brand new responsible research center at one university and an advanced approach to the implementation of ethics policies at another university. The findings on how institutions need to change their organizational frameworks to allow better embedment of responsible research and enable enhanced values for the quadruple helix actors (academia, industry, policy makers & society) are currently summarized. The result of this three-year work is a guiding document with recommendations on how to initiate and foster institutional change. These guidelines are complemented by a set of online courses to support different interest groups from academia and industry in initiating open and responsible practices. These include, but are not limited to, an introduction to RRI, RRI in industry, public engagement and ethics. The poster will present the main findings of our analysis and highlight the mutual learnings from the co-creation experiments. It will also present and refer to the online courses and guideline document as useful resources for the community to initiate institutional change. | poster |
Komparative Analyse der Einschlusskriterien für Journal Blacklisten und Whitelisten Michaela Strinzel, Anna Severin, Matthias Egger und Katrin Milzow Schweizerischer Nationalfonds Hintergrund •Journal Blacklisten (BL) und Whitelisten (WL) versuchen die Legitimität und Integrität wissenschaftlicher Fachzeitschriften zu bestimmen [1]. •Mit wachsender Bedeutung sog. Predatory Journals sind sie für Forschende auf der Suche nach geeigneten Journals zu zentralen Konsultationsstellen geworden [2]. •Obwohl ihre Objektivität und Reliabilität angezweifelt und dadurch ihr Nutzen in Frage gestellt wurde [3], sind die Listen bisher noch nicht systematisch analysiert worden. Ziel Systematischer Vergleich der Ein- schlusskriterien und Inhalte (Journals und Publisher) von Journal BL und WL: •Um ihren Nutzen als Indikatoren von Legitimität und Integrität wissenschaftlicher Fachzeitschriften zu verstehen •Um die Ansprüche an die Qualität und Legitimität wissenschaftlicher Fachzeitschriften aufzuzeigen und einzuordnen Methode Qualitative Kodierung und komparati- ve Analyse der 198 Kriterien von 2 BL (Beall’s List und Cabell’s Internatio- nal) und 2 WL (DOAJ und Cabell’s International) auf 3 Ebenen: •Gegenstand des Kriteriums: auf welchen Aspekt einer Fachzeitschrift bzw. Publikationspraktiken bezieht sich das Kriterium? •Auskunftsfunktion des Kriteriums: gibt das Kriterium Auskunft über (1) die Qualität, (2) die Transparenz, (3) die Legitimität oder (4) den Etablierungsgrad einer Fachzeitschrift? •Verifizierbarkeit des Kriteriums: wie leicht lässt sich ein Kriterium verifizieren? Vergleich der Inhalte der Lis- ten (Journals und Publishers) mit dem Jaro-Winkler Abstand und Darstellung der Überschneidungen in Form von Venn-Diagrammen. Ergebnisse Abbildung 1: Gegenstand der Kriterien Abbildung 2: Auskunftsfunktion der Kriterien Abbildung 3: Überschneidung der BL Beall’s List of Publishers und der WL DOAJ Listen Transparenz Qualität Etablierungsgrad Legitimität BL 3 2.4 2.5 2.1 WL 3 2.4 2 1.7 Tabelle 1: Verifizierbarkeit der Kriterien unterschiedlicher Auskunftsfunktion im Mittel (bewertet auf einer Skala von 1=schwierig bis 3=leicht) Kontaktinformationen •Schweizerischer Nationalfonds: http://www.snf.ch •E-Mail: michaela.strinzel@snf.ch Erläuterung der Ergebnisse •Gegenstand der Kriterien Bei BL liegt der Fokus auf Geschäftspraktiken und Qualitätskontrolle von Journals; bei WL liegt der Fokus auf der Qualitätskontrolle sowie Richtlinien und Bestimmungen von Journals •Auskunftsfunktion der Kriterien BL: der grösste Anteil der Kriterien gibt Auskunft über die Integrität und Legitimität von Journals WL: der grösste Anteil der Kriterien gibt Auskunft über die Transparenz von Journals •Verifizierbarkeit der Kriterien Im Schnitt ist die Verifizierbarkeit der Kriterien gegeben, wobei es Unterschiede zwischen Kriterien unterschiedlicher Auskunftsfunktionen gibt. •Vergleich der Inhalte Die Überschneidung der Inhalte von BL und WL (hier anhand der Publisher in Beall’s List und im DOAJ aufgezeigt) ist relativ gering Schlussfolgerung Methodologisch scheint die Klassifizie- rung und Gewichtung der Kriterien möglich. Inhaltlich, hinsichtlich des Ge- genstand eines Kriteriums sowie hin- sichtlich ihrer Auskunftsfunktion, er- gänzen sich die Kriterien von BL und WL und scheinen somit unterschied- liche Zwecke zu erfüllen. Das spie- gelt sich auch in der geringen Über- schneidung der Inhalte der Listen wider. Die systematische Klassifizierung der Kriterien kann dazu dienen ein Set an Kriterien für die gesamtheitliche Betrachtung der Qualität, Legitimität und Transparenz von Journals zu defi- nieren. Referenzen [1] Vence, T. (2017). On Blacklists and Whitelists. The Scientist. [2] Swauger, S. (2017). Open access, power, and privilege: A response to ’What I learned from predatory publishing.’ College & Research Libraries 78:11. [3] Olivarez et al. (2018). Format Aside: Applying Beall’s Criteria to Assess the Predatory Nature of both OA and Non-OA Library and Information Scie | poster |
Access to the tools & documentation: Widget Storybook: https://t.ly/Aad7- TS4NFDI repo: https://github.com/orgs/ts4nfdi/repositories TSS widgets repo: https://github.com/ts4nfdi/terminology-service-suite TS4NFDI: Harmonizing Terminology Services within NFDI Roman Baum1, Syphax Bouazouni2, Naouel Karam2, Oliver Koepler3, Pooya Oladazimi3, Julia Sasse1 1 ZB MED - Information Centre for Life Sciences; 2 Institut für Angewandte Informatik e.V. (InfAI); 3 TIB Leibniz Information Centre Goal: Terminology Services 4 NFDI (TS4NFDI) is a cross domain service for the provision, curation, development, harmonization and mapping of terminologies. It aims to facilitate consensus-building and interoperability of services across disciplines to achieve a shared knowledge representation and knowledge engineering framework. The service seeks to integrate and converge individual solutions into a standardized, interoperable, and sustainable Terminology Service Suite. Standardised, harmonised and interoperable access to Terminologies across all integrated Terminology Services, available for all NFDI-services via the Terminology Service Suite widgets or the API Gateway. 1 Interconnection of existing Terminology Services via a Service Wrapper. This allows for terminology use and management across disciplines, serving as a basis for terminology harmonisation efforts (Integration and Interoperability). 2 Javascript-based widgets that can be embedded in graphical user interfaces (UIs) to simplify UI development and visualization of semantic information in other NFDI services. This streamlines the process of integrating standard vocabularies and performing semantic annotation on data, as well as supporting the data discovery process. 5 SSSOM based Cross-domain Mapping Service to manage and provide mappings for terminologies as a central service. 3 Support of external terminology services as backbone is possible. 4 5 1 2 3 4 More information and contact details: Mail: ts4nfdi@lists.nfdi.de NFDI Rocket.Chat: https://all-chat.nfdi.de/ Channel: #ts4nfdi; join: https://all-chat.nfdi.de/channel/ts4nfdi About the project: https://terminology.services.base4nfdi.de/ Funded by DFG as part of NFDI. Grant Numbers: 521453681, 521460392, 521462155, 521463400, 521466146, 521471126, 521473512, 521474032, 521475185, 521476232 3rd Annual Conference 04.+ 05. Dec. 2024 KUBUS, Leipzig | poster |
ID #40; arXiv:2404.17559 amann16.iitr@gmail.com Investigating Quantum Decoherence in ν-Oscillation at ESSnuSB Experiment Author: Aman Gupta 1,2; Presenter: Monojit Ghosh 3 on behalf of the ESSnuSB collaboration 1Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics,Kolkata, India, 2HBNI,Mumbai, India,3Ruđer Bošković Institute,Zagreb, Croatia Introduction •Neutrino oscillation is a quantum mechanical phenomenon that arises due to the coherent superposition of neutrino mass states. However, if neutrino as a quantum system is coupled to an environment, the coherence between two or more propagating states may be lost leading to the suppression of flavour oscillations. •Such type of environmentally induced quantum decoherence (QD) in neutrino states might emerge from quantum gravity effects or space-time “foam” which acts as dissipative sources and can modify the ν-oscillation probability in various ways [1]. QD: Formalism The time evolution of neutrinos in an open quantum system is given by ∂ρ(t) ∂t = −i[H, ρ(t)] + D[ρ(t)] , (1) where H is the neutrino Hamilto- nian which can be written as H = 1 2E U 0 0 0 0 ∆m2 21 0 0 0 ∆m2 31 U† + VCC 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . (2) The effect of decoherence is given by the dissipator matrix D which on imposing relevant physical con- ditions can be parametrized as D = −diag(Γ21, Γ21, 0, Γ31, Γ31, Γ32, Γ32, 0) . (3) The solution to the Eq.1 is given by ρα ij(x) = ˜U∗ αi ˜Uαje−(Γij+i ˜∆ij)x (4) and the oscillation probabilities in the presence of decoherence read as P(να →νβ) = Tr ρα(0)ρβ(x) (5) Here, ˜U is the modified PMNS ma- trix in matter and ˜∆ij = ∆˜m2 ijL 4E , with ∆˜m2 ij being the mass squared differences in matter. •L = 360 km, Water Cherenkov detector of fiducial volume 538 kt and 5 years run-time of neutrino + 5 years of antineutrino [2]. Oscillation Probability including Decoherence P(να →νβ) = δαβ −2 X i>j Re " ˜U∗ αi ˜Uβi ˜Uβj ˜U∗ βj # 1 −cos 2 ˜∆ij e−ΓijL + 2 X i>j Im " ˜U∗ αk ˜Uβk ˜Uβj ˜U∗ βj # sin 2 ˜∆ij e−ΓijL , QD induces terms similar to damping phenomena of the form e−ΓijL in the oscillation probability. Fig.: Effect of Γ21 and Γ32 on the appearance probability for the ESSnuSB. •The Pµe probability is mostly affected by Γ21 in comparison to Γ32. •The effect of Γ21 is significant when δCP is −90◦. Important Analytical Formulae For maximal CPV, the relevant contributing terms for Γ21 and Γ32 are |P CP−odd µe | ∝|2α∆31(Γ21L −2 sin2 ∆31) −Γ21L sin 2∆31| . |P CP−odd µe | ∝|Γ32L cos 2∆31 + 2 sin2 ∆31| . For δCP = 0, 180◦, expression for CPV precision is given by: ∆δCP ∝ 1 |2α∆31(Γ21L −2 sin2 ∆31) −Γ21L sin 2∆31| ; 1 |α∆31Γ32L cos 2∆31 + 2α∆31 sin2 ∆31| . On the other hand, for maximal CP violation, we obtain ∆δCP ∝ 1 |Γ21L(cos 2∆31 + cos 2θ12) + 2α∆31 sin 2∆31| ; 1 |α∆31(1 −Γ32L) sin ∆31| . Bounds on Γ21 and Γ32 Other experimental bounds at 90% C.L. are [3, 4] Γ32 = Γ21 < 9.4 × 10−24 GeV [MINOS/MINOS+], Γ21 < 1.2 × 10−23 GeV [DUNE], Γ32 < 4.7 × 10−24 GeV [DUNE] . CPV Sensitivity & Precision 24.0 23.5 23.0 22.5 22.0 21.5 21.0 log10 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 2 (CPV) solid: true CP = + 90° dashed: true CP = 90° 21 when 32 = 0 32 when 21 = 0 21 = 32 For small Γ21, the sensitivity first slightly decreases and when the de- coherence term becomes dominant, the relevant probability increases along with Γ21, improving the sen- sitivity. 24.0 23.5 23.0 22.5 22.0 21.5 21.0 log10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 CP[in deg.] solid: 21 when 32 = 0 dashed: 32 when 21 = 0 dot dashed: 32 = 21 true CP = 0° true CP = 180° 24.0 23.5 23.0 22.5 22.0 21.5 21.0 log10 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 CP[in deg.] solid: 21 when 32 = 0 dashed: 32 when 21 = 0 dot dashed: 32 = 21 true CP = + 90° true CP = 90° 2.24 cm Correlations Key Takeaways •For the first time, we explore the sensitivity of ESSnuSB to const | poster |
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