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Lipoxins synthesized from arachidonic acid act by? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Decrease leucocyte migration, adhesion, chemotaxis Effects of lipoxins (LXA4, LXB4 ) are :? Inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis and leukocyte recruitment (major action). Vasodilatation Promote moncytic phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils. | 1 | Decrease leucocyte migration, adhesion, chemotaxis | Increase leucocyte migration, adhesion, chemotaxis | Vasoconstrictio | Increased vascular permeability | Pathology | null | 13444a4c-1055-49e9-8a2a-dbecda84bb9e | single |
A male neonate develops small-bowel obstruction due to malrotation of the midgut segment. An x-ray of the abdomen confirms the presence of small-bowel obstruction (Figure below). He undergoes an emergency laparotomy, untwisting of the malrotated intestines, and partial small-bowel resection for intestinal infarction. W... | The small intestine arises from the midgut segment. The midgut segment extends between the ampulla of Vater and the distal transverse colon. It enters the physiological umbilical hernia at sixth week and returns to the peritoneal cavity by the tenth week. The Vitello intestinal tract (site from which Meckel's diverticu... | 1 | It is derived entirely from the midgut. | In the fetus, it enters the physiologic umbilical hernia in the fifth month. | It remains in the physiologic hernia for 4 months. | It is attached to the urachus. | Surgery | Small & Large Intestine | 03386868-6ec3-4f61-85bc-f94e526bf9c8 | multi |
This law of plethysmography explains principle of working in | The law of plethysmography explains working of pulse oximeter. | 2 | Capnography | Oximetry | CVP monitor | Entropy | Anaesthesia | null | 85653cea-0e58-4fef-9bc5-ceaed11485eb | single |
Colovesical fistula | Colovesical fistulaA colovesical fistula is the presence of a communication between the lumen of the CausesDiveiculitis:Crohn&;s disease: ~ 10%RadiotherapyTraumaClinical presentationRadiographic featuresIn most instances, the diagnosis is suspected clinically due to pneumaturia, faecaluria, recurrent urinary tract infe... | 1 | Most commonly presents with pneumaturia | More common in females | Most commonly caused by colon cancer | Readily diagnosed on barium enema | Pathology | All India exam | 219f25f9-a2e8-489c-981a-71bb8f2ef5ce | single |
Features of vernal conjunctivitis are: | Ans. A, B and C | 4 | Shield ulcer | Horner-Tranta's spots | Papillary hyperophy | All | Ophthalmology | null | 6ceff5be-a22d-40b5-8918-039f0dec1daf | multi |
Prostaglandin was discovered from - | Ans. is 'c' i.e.. Seminal fluid "The name prostaglandin comes from the prostate gland. When prostaglandin was first isolated from seminal fluid, it was believed to have been added from the prostate. " | 3 | Tear | Saliva | Seminal fluid | Blood | Physiology | Endocrinology metabolism | b31036f6-76a7-426f-a3e5-14d1a241c545 | single |
Ocriplasmin is the newer drug used in which of the following? | Ocriplasmin is used as chemical vitrectomy - it liquifies the gel like vitreous thereby relieving any vitreous traction. Hence used to relieve vitreo-macular traction which when significant can progress to idiopathic macular hole New Drugs Ocriplasmin: Chemical vitrectomy. Anti- VEGF Bevacizumab: Avastin Pegitinib- Mac... | 2 | Retinal break | Vitreomacular traction | Submacular blees | Diabetic macular bleed | Ophthalmology | Diagnosis and Treatment of Retina | 509a4408-abbf-4680-881e-80b903e609fe | single |
A 28-year-old woman recently treated as an outpatient for pelvic inflammatory disease presents with fever, leukocytosis, and deep rectal pain. In which space is this lesion? SELECT ONE. | Supralevator abscesses are relatively rare. Most patients have a pelvic inflammatory condition such as salpingitis, diverticulitis or Crohn's, or have had recent pelvic surgery. | 1 | Supralevator space | Perianal space | Levator ani muscle | Intermuscular space | Surgery | Small & Large Intestine | 34502f13-a391-41c2-b911-700c45837236 | single |
The ideal muscle relaxant used for a neonate undergoing porto-enterostomy for biliary atresia is: | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Atracurium In this case a muscle relaxant is required whose metabolism has nothing to do with liver (because liver is damaged in biliary' atresia)So Atracurium is the muscle relaxant of choice as it is inactivated in plasma by spontaneous non enzymatic degradation. (Hoffman elimination) so its duration... | 1 | Atracurium. | Vecuronium | Pancuronium. | Rocuronium. | Anaesthesia | Muscle Relaxant | 795b9963-c689-488f-a19c-70e86c284748 | single |
VAT in mechanical ventilation stands for - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Ventilator associated tracheobronchitis o VAT (Ventilator associated tracheabronchitis) & VAP (Ventilator associated pneumonia) are nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections common in patients who are on ventilator for long periods of time.Adverse effects of PEEP/CPAP1. Pulmonaryo Controlled PEEP ... | 3 | Ventilator associated trauma | Ventilator associated treatment | Ventilator associated tracheobronchitis | None of the above | Anaesthesia | Breathing Systems | 35099039-20da-4ff4-bcff-d797af94f290 | multi |
Complications arising out of A - V fistula done for renal failure include the following EXCEPT - | null | 4 | Infection | Thrombosis | High output cardiac failure | Necrosis of the distal part | Surgery | null | 01991412-4275-4d02-8536-4fe038080305 | multi |
Laparoscopy is best avoided in patients with : | COPD | 4 | Hypeension | Diabetes | Obesity | COPD | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 9073bec9-f54a-43e3-ae36-e18c735f8735 | single |
Secretion of Prolactin is affected by: | B i.e. Dopamine Dopamine acts as hypothalamic prolactin inhibiting hormoneQ and decreases prolactin secretion. L - DOPAQ Decreases prolactin release by formation of dopamine BromocriptineQ (& Dopamine agonists) Inhibits prolactin releas by stimulating dopamine receptors. ChlorpromazineQ (& Dopamine antagonist) Enhances... | 2 | GnRH analogue | Dopamine | Serotonin | FSH | Physiology | null | 51b2105c-cfc4-4583-8fa7-63fcb54ac117 | single |
Muscles cannot make use of glycogen because of deficiency of : | It is because of the deficiency of Glycogen Phosphorylase. It is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of glycogenolysis. Deficiency of Glycogen phosphorylase in muscles is known as Mc Ardle's disease The other question usually asked is why muscle cannot maintain blood glucose then the answer is due to lack of enzyme gluc... | 2 | Glucose-6-phosphatase | Glycogen phosphorylase | Hexokinase | Phospho-gluco-mutase | Biochemistry | Glycogen | d8611a76-4d07-4215-8493-145280585e30 | single |
NSAID proposed to be acting via inhibition of COX–3 is : | null | 2 | Nimesulide | Paracetamol | Ketorolac | Rofecoxib | Pharmacology | null | 3579e111-ebdf-4d14-88b8-a7f6d91d2cc2 | single |
Drug causing exanthema - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above \Ref: Rooks ?h/e p. 73.22-73.23]Drugs causing exanthematic reactionsMost commonLess commonAmpicillin and penicillinPhenylbutazone and other pyrazolonesSulphonamidesPhenytoinCarbamazepineGoldGentamicinMeprobamateAtropineCephalosporinsBarbituratesThiazidesNaproxenIsoniazidPhenothiazines... | 4 | Atropine | Phenytoin | Sulfonamide | All of the above | Skin | Autoimmune Skin Disorders | f643e4ab-6113-4ec1-b32f-f12050fe64ea | multi |
Most common cause of congenital sensineuronal hearing loss - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., CMV * Cytomegalovirus - Most common viral cause of congenital viral deafness* Mumps - Most common cause viral of acquired sensorineural hearing loss. | 2 | Parvovirus | CMV | Rubella | Toxoplasmosis | ENT | Ear | 49bc347a-38f1-4779-92e2-4e1f48cc691b | single |
A patient is unable to move eye outw ard beyond midline. The lesion is in - | Ans. is c' i.e., Abducent nerve o Inability.' to move the eye outward beyond midline suggests lateral rectus palsy, which is responsible for abduction. There are six extraocular muscles in each eye.o All the extra ocular muscles are supplied by the occulomotor nerve except for the superior oblique which is supplied by ... | 3 | Trochlear nerve | Obturator nerve | Abducent nerve | null | Anatomy | Cranial Nerves | d59cbf8b-b830-43f0-be7b-4bec43710e76 | multi |
Onanism is a disorder of | Sexual detion | 3 | Stealing | Gambling | Sexual detion | Hair pulling | Psychiatry | null | 71e90450-0376-4467-82c0-97eb83e0371f | single |
In comparison to hyperplasia, hypertrophy is | Hypertrophy: Increase in size of cells. There are no new cells just bigger cells containing an increased amount of structural proteins and organelles
Hyperplasia: Increase in cell number
Both results in enlarged organ
Hyperplasia occurs in cells capable of replication
Hypertrophy occurs in cells which have limited ... | 2 | Increase in cell size and number | Increase in cell size without increase in number | Increase in cell number without increase in size | Increase in cell size and decrease in number | Pathology | null | 50e89301-5612-4790-99b7-4dc109c2aa27 | single |
The congenital abnormality of the ileum illustrated below | Meckel's diveiculum occurs in the ileum, usually within 30 cm of the ileocecal valve, and is present in approximately 2% of normal persons. It represents incomplete involution of the vitellointestinal duct and always arises from the antimesenteric border of the intestine. Heterotopic gastric or pancreatic tissue may be... | 4 | Is present in approximately 20% of normal persons | Is lined by heterotopic gastric mucosa in less than 2% of cases | Often shows mucosal ulceration | Is related to persistence of the vitellointestinal duct | Pathology | miscellaneous | 2ce414f3-0807-4563-92da-fb3578989287 | single |
Which of the following method is used in the rapid identification of Candida: | Ans. (b) Germ tube methodRef: Microbiology by Ananthanarayan and Paniker 8th ed. /607-608* A germ tube test is a diagnostic test in which a sample of fungal spores are suspended in serum and examined by microscopy for the detection of any germ.* It is particularly indicated for colonies of white or cream color on funga... | 2 | Culture in solid | Germ tube method | Growing in an animal | Culture in liquid | Microbiology | Candida | 85f3f942-abf8-43fb-acb5-0ca6fefca0cd | single |
First spinal anaesthesia was given by - | Ans-A | 1 | August Bier | Sicard | Morton | Corning | Unknown | null | 703c567c-3669-4ee7-8ec9-0164b26c77c7 | single |
Purkinje fibres are ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Modified cardiac muscle Conducting system of hea The conducting system is made of specialized myocardium (cardiac muscle), that is capable for initation and conduction of cardiac impulse. It has following pas : ? 1) SA node :- SA node is located in the upper pa of crista terminalis at the junction of ... | 3 | Modified nerve fibres | Modified smooth muscle | Modified cardiac muscle | Fibrous tissue | Physiology | null | a5939de6-6809-483d-86fa-309960f65b24 | single |
A 70-year-old man presented to medicine emergency with worsening cough and difficulty in breathing especially at night. On physical examination, raised JVP is noted with bipedal edema. Abdominal examination reveals hepatomegaly. USG was done which reveals hepatomegaly ms. 16.8 cm. USG guided biopsy was carried out. The... | Nutmeg liver: Centri-lobular region is depressed (cell death) with adjacent parenchymal accentuation giving this appearance. HPE: Centri-lobular hemorrhage, with variable degree of hepatocyte necrosis and drop outs. Most common cause is right hea failure (increases IVC pressure, that increases central venous pressure a... | 1 | Right hea failure | Hepatitis A | Riedel lobe of liver | Metabolic disease of liver. | Unknown | Integrated QBank | 6793e56d-aba7-4c27-92ae-f75de5a72236 | multi |
National Tuberculosis Institute is located at | null | 1 | Bangalore | Chingelput | New Delhi | Chennai | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | a924235e-9da1-4479-a318-8e4584423e05 | single |
Hanging cast is used for | null | 2 | Radius fracture | Humerus fracture | Femur fracture | Fibula fracture | Orthopaedics | null | a217a6df-cafd-49d1-bb29-fa8b1d1dc0af | single |
Drugs used in treatment of herpes simplex keratitis include all except: | Ans. Pimarcin | 4 | Idoxuridine 0.1% | 5-Fluorouracil | Adenosine arabinoside | Pimarcin | Ophthalmology | null | c5e282ae-83a0-41a1-b188-b9d4f65ab2a5 | multi |
Most common organ involved in the blunt trauma of abdomen in a child is: (2014 Feb D. REPEAT) | Ans: A (Spleen) Ref Emedicine Medscape online (Pediatric Abdominal Trauma Clinical Presentation), Shah SM, Shah KS, Joshi PK, Somani RB, Gohil VB, Dakhla SM. To study the incidence of organ damage and post-operative care in patients of blunt abdominal trauma with haemoperitoneum managed by laparoscopy. J Minim Access S... | 1 | Spleen | Kidney | Small intestine | Liver | Unknown | null | f3b4cc3a-8972-455a-bea6-fdce6bf4ebc7 | multi |
Shingles is caused by: | Ans. A. VZV.a. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes two distinct clinical entities: varicella (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles).b. Chickenpox, a ubiquitous and extremely contagious infection, is usually a benign illness of childhood characterized by an exanthematous vesicular rash.c. With reactivation of latent ... | 1 | VZV | HSV | CMV | Enterovirus 70 | Microbiology | Virology | 3b191ae4-5aa0-4834-a7a5-2c78f109efe7 | single |
Ivor Lewis operation is done for | In carcinoma surgery alone is best suited to patients with disease confined to the oesophagus (T1b, T2)The most widely practiced oesophagotomy approach is the two-phase Ivor Lewis operation, especially distal tumors.Three-phase oesophagectomy (McKeown) may be more appropriate for more proximal tumours in order to achie... | 1 | Carcinoma oesophagus | Achalasia cardia | Hiatus hernia | GERD | Surgery | G.I.T | 37a6418f-e0d8-4380-8a5b-257afa503569 | single |
First fluid of choice in Hypovolemic shock? | Ans. (b) Normal salineRef.: Harrison 18th ed. / 270Fluid of choice in Hypovolemic shock is Normal saline. | 2 | Dextran | Normal saline | Dextrose normal saline | Hartmann solution | Surgery | Shock | be7d91d1-fa17-49d8-a91c-80b459649f99 | single |
A 27 year old man presents with a left testicular tumor with a 10 cm retroperitoneal lymph node mass. Which of the following is the treatment of choice? | Patient in the question is presenting with a testicular tumor with retroperitoneal lymph node mass, treatment of choice in such a patient is multi agent chemotherapy followed by excision of persistent masses. A 90% cure rate is seen in stage II patients and a 70% cure rate in stage III patients receiving combination ch... | 4 | Radiotherapy | Chemotherapy alone | Immunotherapy with interferon and interleukin | Left high inguinal orchiectomy plus chemotherapy | Surgery | null | ca068d85-9c25-4854-890b-4cc4786c3d4f | single |
Hypothyroidism in sub-himlayan region is due to deficiency of | Answer is B (Iodine): Hypothyroidism (and Endemic Goitre) in sub-himalayan region is primarily due to deficiency of iodine. 'Dietary iodine deficiency is widely prevalent in many pas of India, especially the sub-Himalayan region and is the principal cause of endemic goiter. Where the deficiency is severe, goiter, hypot... | 2 | Iron | Iodine | Copper | Selenium | Medicine | null | 52198ebe-9106-426f-a824-48989c621887 | single |
In an outbreak of cholera in a village with a population of 2000, 20 cases have been reported of which 5 have died. Case fatality rate is: | Case fatality rate represents the killing power of a disease.
It is simply the ratio of deaths to cases. The time interval is not specified. Case fatality rate is typically used in acute infectious diseases (e.g. , food poisoning, cholera, measles). Its usefulness for chronic diseases is limited, beca... | 4 | 1% | 0.25% | 5% | 25% | Dental | null | 4409e155-8167-415f-bda2-48d36bc91253 | single |
Activation of which of the following receptors would be expected to decrease anxiety? | Meissner and Pacinian corpuscles are examples of rapidly adapting receptors, and Merkel cells and Ruffini endings are examples of slowly adapting receptors.
Ganong 23 rd ed, pg 153 | 3 | nicotinic cholinergic receptors | glutamate receptors | GABA A receptors | glucocorticoid receptors | Physiology | null | a4efb757-ec7f-4f69-a51e-a4585a851d6a | single |
All of the following reflexes are present at birth except: | Only landau and parachute reflexes are not present since birth. | 3 | Startle reflex | Moro's reflex | Landau reflex | Walking reflex | Dental | null | 140d283e-b09c-4612-b39d-914297bf0e46 | multi |
The endotoxin of the following gram-negative bacteria does not play any part in the pathogenesis of the natural disease - | null | 3 | Escherichia coli | Klebseilla spp. | Vibrio cholerae | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Medicine | null | cc704cc3-de23-4eb9-8397-2e58e11d68f9 | single |
Which of the following has least extra-pyramidal side effect? | Clozapine and risperidone are atypical neuroleptics with least extrapyramidal side effects among all an psychotics. | 3 | Haloperidol | Fluphenazine | Clozapine | Flupenthioxol | Pharmacology | All India exam | f8dba790-1ca1-44c1-b86d-e4c28af20aa3 | single |
James lind is known for - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Prevention of scurvy by fruits Germ theory of disease --) Louis pasteur Spontaneous generation theory Aristotle Multifactorial causation of disease --) Pattenkoffer. o Intake of fresh (citrus) fruits in prevention of scurvy - James Lind o Term 'Vaccination Edward Jenner o Term 'Vaccine' --* Louis Past... | 3 | Germ theory of disease | Multifactorial causation of disease | Prevention of scurvy by fruits | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 435d623c-c796-4202-96a4-81018a883ed0 | multi |
Maximum interval between bare metal cardiac stent and elective surgery is | 1 month is ideal interval between bare metal cardiac stent and any elective surgery. | 3 | 1 year | 2 month | 1 month | 2 year | Anaesthesia | null | c6f05ec6-13d1-40a4-a4f5-781cd36936ff | single |
What is the clearance of a substance when its concentration in the plasma is 10mg/dl, its concentration in the urine is 100mg/dl and urine flow is 2ml/min? | The Clearance of a Substance &;X&; is equal to the concentration of substance X in urine (UX) times the urine flow per unit of time (V) divided by the aerial plasma level of X (PX), or UXV/PX.This value is called the clearance of X (CX).Coming to the above question: 100 mg/dl X 2 ml/min / 10 mg/dl = 20 ml/min. | 3 | 0.2ml/min | 2ml/min | 20ml/min | 200ml/min | Microbiology | All India exam | 43d4c0b5-8909-4eb1-b0e9-cd0b728796ce | single |
Botulism is a disease of: - | Neuromuscular transmission caused by the toxin of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum leads to botulism. C. botulinum produces powerful neurotoxin 'botulinum toxin'(BT). Botulinum toxin is absorbed from the gut, enters the blood circulation, and binds to receptors of presynaptic membranes of motor neurons of PNS and cr... | 3 | Neural transmission caused by the toxin of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum | Muscular transmission caused by the toxin of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum | Neuromuscular transmission caused by the toxin of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum | Non neuromuscular transmission caused by the toxin of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Gram Positive Bacilli, Gram Negative Bacilli) | db52b83d-d86b-471e-a8f8-0ffbec52f359 | single |
A 55 years old female presents with tinnitus, dizziness and h/o progressive deafness. Differential diagnosis includes all except: | Ans. is 'd' i.e. Histiocytosis X It is very well known that first 3 options i.e., Acoustic neuroma, endolymphatic hydrops (Miniers disease), and Meningioma can cause tinnitus and u/1 progressive deafness, (although Menier disease is usually b/l but initial presentation is u/l and the other ear is also involved in a few... | 4 | Acoustic neuroma | Endolymphatic hydrops | Meningioma | Histiocytosis-x | ENT | Ear | 41f7e387-2a7e-4184-af1f-338ef8040320 | multi |
Superior cervical ganglion | Superior cervical ganglion is largest cervical ganglion. The plexus formed around internal carotid artery supplies dilator pupille. Superior cervical cardiac branch on left goes to superficial cardiac plexus,while that on right goes to deep cardiac plexus. | 3 | Is the smallest cervical ganglion | Gives rise to plexus around internal carotid artery, a part of which supplies sphincter pupillae | Deep petrosal nerve of pterygopalatine ganglion is derived from plexus around internal carotid artery | Left superior cervical cardiac branch goes to deep cardiac plexus | Anatomy | null | d7ae5b78-63af-4d7a-a0f0-dc5ab2b9154f | multi |
All of the following anti-microbials show Concentration dependent Killing except | * Time dependent killing(TDK) : Here, the killing activity depends upon the length of time, plasma concentration is above MIC. It is shown by:* Beta Lactams.* Vancomycin* Concentration dependent killing(CDK) : Here, killing activity depends upon the ratio of plasma concentration to MIC.It is shown by:* Aminoglycosides.... | 3 | Amikacin | Metronidazole | Penicillin G | Fluoroquinolones | Pharmacology | Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors | 7ad1e7b7-7919-44ac-aa9c-7eb5e7e4e985 | multi |
Burst Fracture of spine is a - | Burst fracture (crushed communited fracture) is caused by axial (vertical) compression injury. | 1 | Compression Fracture | Extension injury | Direct injury | Flexion - rotation | Orthopaedics | null | 416671ec-c917-4801-a231-ded58dffb89d | single |
Normal cerebral blood flow is | Normal cerebral bloodflow (CBF) is about 55 mL per minute for every 100 gramsof brain tissue. Ischaemia results when this rate drops below20 mL per minute, and even lower levels will result in infarctionunless promptly corrected.Flow depends on cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), the difference between mean aerial press... | 2 | 45 ml/min for every 100gm of brain tissue | 55 ml/min for every 100gm of brain tissue | 65 ml/min for every 100gm of brain tissue | 75 ml/min for every 100gm of brain tissue | Surgery | Trauma | 7680d8b8-9f14-4bd0-9883-c1036624f01d | single |
To assess which of the following, Look Listen Feel technique is used? | Adequate breathing ensures that sufficiently oxygenated blood is in circulation. Breathing is assessed by the Look-Listen feel technique. The clinician observes the rise and fall of the chest and at the same time feels and listens to the breath sounds.
If the child is breathing adequately, then maintain the head tilt c... | 2 | Airway | Breathing | Circulation | Definitive therapy | Dental | null | f5136f8d-5b3f-444b-89be-8b78f234ef98 | single |
A 4-year-old presents with Labia lingual caries affecting
only maxillary incisors and involving molars
The diagnosis would be | null | 2 | Type I ECC | Type II ECC | Type III ECC | Rampant caries | Dental | null | 9e7c3bb8-0075-4ea4-ae24-34fb9ced2586 | single |
Short bevel extends | Types of Bevel | 3 | In almost 2/3rd of enamel | Entire enamel + half dentin | All of enamel only | 1/3rd of enamel | Dental | null | e00a8c4d-353a-40a6-aff4-1d14478bb0c1 | multi |
In a lateral cephalogram, the distance at which the film is placed from the mid-sagittal plane is: | null | 3 | 10 cms | 12 cms | 15 cms | 18 cms | Dental | null | 92f2e0d4-b75f-4d38-8089-77015f019ee3 | single |
Which muscle has an indirect effect on the extent of impression in labial vestibule (maxilla) | null | 1 | Orbicularis oris | Buccinator | Masseter | Levator anguli oris | Dental | null | 003b0ee9-5ffa-414b-a9a7-73ed1a6ad393 | single |
Histogram is used to describe - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Quantitative data of group of patients | 1 | Quantitative data of a group of patients | Qualitative data of a group of patients | Data collected on nominal scale | Data collected on ordinal scale | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 68befdb8-1a33-4703-8abc-48c80d3d5981 | single |
Steroid induced cataract is | Steroid induced cataract occurs due to deposition of mucopolysacharides in the trabecular mesh work | 1 | Posterior subscapular | Anterior subscapular | Nuclear cataract | Cupulliform cataract | Ophthalmology | Lens | 60a1010c-5e53-4997-a870-0549ce3f32ad | single |
Streptomycin is a? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Gycoside o Streptomycin is an amino-glycoside i.e. amino group is linked to aminosugar by glycoside bond. | 2 | Peptide | Gycoside | Phospholipid | Glycolipid | Pharmacology | null | ddf62ad1-c763-4a09-914a-21a231758479 | single |
Small bowel vascular ectasia is associated with: | Vascular Ectasias Vascular ectasias are flat mucosal vascular anomalies They are best diagnosed by endoscopy. They generally causes slow intestinal blood loss Classical example is: gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) or "watermelon stomach" Other examples are: a) Cecal vascular ectasias (senile lesions) b) Radiation... | 3 | Retroviral infection | Amyloidosis | Chronic renal failure | Watermelon stomach | Medicine | null | a23ac09a-02b4-47f1-bc88-dcd3a1a65aca | multi |
intermittent claudication is seen when ankle brachial index is ? | 0.5-0.9 = intermittent claudication ref : bailey and love 27th ed | 3 | 0.9-1 | <0.3 | 0.5-0.9 | >1.1 | Surgery | All India exam | f4262773-c80b-4013-b79f-4b1b647735c5 | single |
On 3 phase 99m Tc - MDP bone scan, which of the following bone lesions will show least osteoblastic activity - | Osteoid osteoma, Paget's disease and fibrous dysplasia have osteoblastic activity, therefore, show increased radioisotope uptake on bone scan.
Fibrous cortical defect shows no radioisotope uptake as it has no osteoblastic activity. | 4 | Paget' disease | Osteoid osteoma | Fibrous dysplasia | Fibrous cortical defect | Radiology | null | 4db202ab-37c4-4ab6-bae1-fe4c6c1c280f | single |
All are true about renal cell carcinoma, except ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., More common in femalesRenal cell carcinoma (Adenocarcinoma of the kidney) o Also known as hypernephroma.o Renal cell carcinoma occurs usually in the sixth and seventh decades of life. o There is male preponderance in the ratio of 2 to 3 : 1.Risk factorsSmoking (most significant) o CRFo Obesity, hypeen... | 4 | Invades Renal Vein | Hematuria may occur | Arises from proximal convoluted tubule | More common in females | Pathology | null | 65631b88-d097-4bc6-b1c0-186d0a35a328 | multi |
Most common cause of chronic pancreatitis is:- | Most common cause of chronic pancreatitis is alcohol | 1 | Alcohol | Gall stones | Trauma | Smoking | Pathology | Miscellaneous | ee0a1860-f8dd-4dc4-928c-158d3c04a667 | multi |
All the following supply blood to Palatine tonsil except | Palatine Tonsil (The Tonsil)Blood supply:1.Main source: The Tonsillar branch of the facial aery.2.Additional sources: (a) Ascending palatine branch of facial aery; (b) Dorsal lingual branches of the lingual aery; (c) Ascending pharyngeal branch of the external carotid aery; and (d) The greater palatine branch of the ma... | 4 | Lingual aery | Facial aery | Ascending Pharyngeal aery | Sphenopalatine aery | Anatomy | Head and neck | 6baeae5d-4e27-4f57-b061-86be9e7074ad | multi |
All are examples of point mutation, except | A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by a deletion or inseion in a DNA sequence that shifts the way the sequence is read. A DNA sequence is a chain of many smaller molecules called nucleotides Ref-Harpers illustrated biochemistry 30/e p658 | 2 | Silent mutation | Frame-shift mutation | Missense mutation | Nonsense mutation | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids | cf3f756a-25e0-45a7-a533-3bd849fc1c55 | multi |
Ramu is 60 year old male with CA Descending colon presents with acute intestinal obstruction. In emergency depament tit of choice is - | Ans is 'b' ie Haman's procedure As already explained above, a variety of operations can be done in the obstructing lesion of left colon depending on a variety of factors, but Haman's procedure is the most commonly preferred operation. | 2 | Defunctioning colostomy | Haman's procedure | Total colectomy | Lt hemicolectomy | Surgery | null | 2389cc3b-c187-418c-bb4e-9b1e7629b9fe | single |
Iron absorption is increased by the following factor in diet: | In a vegetarian diet, nonheme iron is absorbed very poorly because of the inhibitory action of a variety of dietary components, paicularly phosphates, phytates and high fibre content. Ascorbic acid and meat facilitate the absorption of nonheme iron. Ascorbate forms complexes with and/or reduces ferric to ferrous iron. ... | 1 | Vitamin-C | Phytic acid | Fibre diet | Phosphates | Physiology | null | b6c0a897-7e72-4524-9f9e-9469c33711a1 | single |
Which of the following is the best induction agent: September 2009 | Ans. D: Thiopentone Thiopental is an ultra-sho-acting barbiturate and has been used commonly in the induction phase of general anaesthesia Following intravenous injection the drug rapidly reaches the brain and causes unconsciousness within 15 seconds. At one minute, the drug attains a peak concentration of about 60% of... | 4 | Ketamine | Diazepam | Nitrous oxide | Thiopentone | Anaesthesia | null | a7d3d7bd-7d5b-4ef9-98bd-4dbaef3844bd | single |
In optic atrophy pallor of the optic disc is an index of | OPTIC ATROPHY It refers to degeneration of the optic nerve, which occurs as an end result of any pathologic process that damages axons in the anterior visual system, i.e. from retinal ganglion cells to the lateral geniculate body. Clinical features of optic atrophy : 1. Loss of vision, may be of sudden or gradual onset... | 3 | Atrophy of the nerve fibre | Gliosis | Loss of vasculature | All of the above | Ophthalmology | Neuro-ophthalmology | 7261705c-50cd-4852-945b-12debcd7ed13 | multi |
What is the recommended schedule for pre exposure prophylaxis for rabies? | Persons who have a high risk of exposure to rabies such as staff working with rabies virus, veterinarians should be administered pre exposure prophylaxis against rabies. Such immunization consists of cell culture vaccine administered on days 0, 7 and 28. Ref: Park 21st edition, page 256. | 3 | 0, 3, 7 days | 0, 7, 14 days | 0, 7, 28 days | 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 days | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 9fbaedfa-8735-45d7-adf7-cf163fe4e478 | single |
Third generation oral contraceptive pills containing norgestimate and gestodene along with estrogens: | null | 1 | Are more lipid friendly | Decreases the risk of venous thromboembolism | Increase the risk of breakthrough bleeding | Are not used for emergency contraception | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 01e628da-1628-4ed6-8ee2-3915d00d05fa | single |
Cause of thick pancreatic secretions in cystic fibrosis? | CF occurs because of mutations in the gene that makes a protein called CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator). A person with CF produces abnormal CFTR protein -- or no CFTR protein at all, which causes the body to make thick, sticky mucus instead of the thin, watery kind. This blockage causes a drop in the amou... | 3 | Overproduction of mucin | Failure to clear mucin due to epithelial dysfunction | Defect in chloride channel leading to water reabsoption | Defect in sodium channel leading to water reabsorption | Medicine | Genetics | 759f5e5d-6398-4121-b86c-8cabb0cd4985 | multi |
Dracunculosis infection occurs through - | Humans are the definitive host and cyclops are the intermediate host.The adult female worm discharges larvae which are ingested by the intermediate host the cyclops.Humans become infected by drinking unfiltered water containing infective cyclops (refer pgno:175 baveja 3 rd edition) | 1 | Ingestion of water containing cyclops | Ingestion of water containing the parasite | Ingestion of fish | Penetration of skin | Microbiology | parasitology | 4d85d8a8-4328-4b4c-8fb5-05a1d234ed87 | single |
To say twin discordance the difference in the two twin's weight should be: | Discordant twins: The donor twin should be > 20% smaller in weight than the recipient twin Abdominal circumference difference of >15% | 3 | 15% with the larger twin as index | 15% with the smaller twin as index | 20% with the larger twin as index | 25% with the smaller twin as index | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Twin Pregnancy, Molar Pregnancy, Gestational Trophoblastic disease and contraception in special situations (Sour Grapes!) | 3bd8e386-6ffe-4af5-b9ac-1311caa0ccbe | multi |
The biochemical role of vitamin K in the post translational modification of clotting factors is by : | null | 2 | Glycosylation | Carboxylation | Acetylation | Phosphorylation | Pharmacology | null | bf819e4a-9bcf-4889-b72e-077f0327795d | single |
All true about accidental intraerial injection of thiopentone except- | The accidental intraerial injection of drug by wrongly placed cannula M/N- 1 Leave the cannula 2 Intraerial injection of heparin 3 Lidocaine, papaverine, phenoxybenzamine injected 4 Stellate ganglion block | 3 | Immediate intense vasoconstriction and excruciating pain | Cause is precipitation of thiopental crystalls in the aerial vessels | To relieve pain we have to immediately remove the misplaced aerial cannula | Stellate ganglion block is one of the treatment modality | Anaesthesia | Intravenous Anesthetic Agents | 150fe82c-e98f-425b-98b1-74c551ea8c7d | multi |
The following drug acts by hypomethylation- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Decitabine o Decitabine a cytidine analogue (pyrimidine analogue), causes hypomethylation by inhibiting DNA methyl transferase. o Other drug causing hypomethylation by inhibiting DNA methyl transferase - Azacitidine. | 3 | Gemcitabine | Capecitabine | Decitabine | Cytosine arabinoside | Pharmacology | null | 584453fe-c51f-4d68-a2a5-6f7edd54de78 | single |
"Air crescent" sign is seen in | "Air crescent" sign is seen in fungal ball or aspergilloma in a tubercular cavity. Ref ganong's review of medical physiology 25e 765 | 2 | Hydatid cyst | Aspergillosis | Tuberculosis cavity | Amoebic liver abscess | Physiology | All India exam | c8c2a6a1-1966-41e6-8163-d9c8ffcdec3e | single |
Vital layer in slow sand filter is seen in - | Elements of slow sand filter: supernatant or raw water (1-1.5 metre) a bed of graded sand an under-drainage system a system of filter control valves The surface of the sand bed gets covered with a slimy growth known as "Schmutzdecke", vital layer, zoological or biological layer. The formation of the vital layer is call... | 2 | Top of water | On the sand bed | Near filter | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health | 1be223ac-1088-4fb5-a7da-6917a1976703 | multi |
Diamond finishing instruments use diamond particles of size: | Diamond particle size is commonly categorized as coarse (125 to 150 µm), medium (88 to 125 µm), fine (60 to 74 µm), and very fine (38 to 44 µm) for diamond preparation instruments.
Diamond finishing instruments use even finer diamonds (10 to 38 µm) to produce relatively smooth surfaces for final finishing with diamond... | 2 | 60 to 74 µm | 10 to 38 µm | 38 to 44 µm | 5 to 8 µm | Dental | null | ca3121c9-9f61-43a7-b66b-cb18fdbf214b | single |
Preconception counseling for a woman is given by: | Ans. d. All | 4 | Obstetricians | Midwives | General physician | All | Social & Preventive Medicine | Demography and Family Planning | 1bec4241-324c-48b4-b244-d2b389c25b0f | multi |
A 2 month old infant presented with hepatic crisis, peripheral neuropathy & fanconi like syndrome. Lab investigations showed elevated transaminase, low coagulation factors and elevated succinyl acetone in serum & urine. The most likely diagnosis : | Tyrosine is derived from ingested proteins or is synthesized endogenously from phenylalanine. It is used for protein synthesis and is a precursor of dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, melanin, and thyroxine. Tyrosinemia type I or Hereditary tyrosinemia or Hepatorenal tyrosinemia Caused by a deficiency of the enzyme... | 3 | Phenyl ketonuria | Homocystinuria | Tyrosinemia | Hawkinsinuria | Pediatrics | Disorders of Amino acid Metabolism | 391312b3-1f77-4d47-9cf6-c89f5245d5cd | single |
A child presented at 10 weeks with recurrent episode of pneumonia and failure to thrive. X-ray show cardiomegaly & pulmonary plethora diagnosis? | - Features given in the question are suggestive of VSD VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT : - Communication b/w 2 ventricles of hea - 90% are located in membranous pa of ventricular septum with variable extension into muscular septum. - Clinical features: Usually presents at 6-10 weeks of age Recurrent episodes of pneumonia Hea... | 1 | VSD | ASD | TOF | Patent foramen ovale | Pediatrics | Acyanotic congenital hea diseases | a86ff151-3704-44b0-83ea-ecf8685ef3ae | single |
Permissible level of fluoride in drinking water as per WHO is: | As per WHO, permissible limit of fluoride in drinking water is 1.5 mg/ litre. As per Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), it is 1 mg/ litre. Dental fluorosis has been repoed with exposure to levels > 1.5 mg/ litre. Skeletal fluorosis has been repoed on exposure between 3 to 6 mg/ litre. Ref: Park, 21st Edition, Page 668 | 3 | 0.5 mg/litre | 1.0 mg/litre | 1.5 mg/litre | 2.5 mg/litre | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | b3b59727-1b73-481f-b15c-a2459dcb4c54 | single |
Fusion of two eyelids by thin tags is called | Answer- A. Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatumIn ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum the upper and lower eyelids are joined by thrn tags; most cases are sporadic. Treatment involves transection with scissors. | 1 | Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum | Euryblepharon | Ablepharon | Epiblepharon | Ophthalmology | null | 81ad1774-b9c0-4a22-8c8e-c2754dc5b4ab | multi |
Righting reflex is a - | Ans. Is "c" i.e., Vestibular reflex Vestibular reflexeso The information collected by vestibular apparatus leads mainly to reflex adjustment in posture and eye movements,o Both these functions are also affected by information from other sensory structures.o In intact organism the regulation of posture and of the eye mo... | 3 | Cochlear reflex | Spinal reflex | Vestibular reflex | None of the above | Physiology | Nervous System | ff2633ed-6359-4283-be63-54c0eecb0f64 | multi |
Temporal lobe tumours may produce | Ans. Crossed upper quadrantanopia | 1 | Crossed upper quadrantanopia | Crossed lower quadrantanopia | Uncrossed upper quadrantanopia | Uncrossed lower quadrantanopia | Ophthalmology | null | 13e08522-74d5-4ab3-ad78-e484e5789f50 | single |
A patient is on low calcium diet for 8 weeks. Level of which of the following increases to maintain serum calcium levels? | The primary function of PTH is to maintain the extracellular fluid (ECF) calcium concentration within a narrow normal range. The hormone acts directly on bone and kidney and indirectly on the intestine through its effects on synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D to increase serum calcium concentrations; in turn, PTH production is cl... | 1 | PTH | Calcitonin | Active 24, 25 dihydroxy cholecalciferol | Serum phosphate level | Physiology | null | 612a8f7f-b382-46f5-9d00-5e2d480e506a | single |
Touton Giant cells are seen in - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Xanthoma Tauton giant cells These cells have a ring of nuclei that separates a peripheral clear cytoplasm from an eosinophilic central cytoplasm. These cells are seen in juvenile xanthogranuloma in skin or iris and in Xanthoma disseminatum. | 3 | Cat scatch disease | Sarcoidosis | Xanthomas | Neurofibroma | Pathology | null | 069a3b36-3fc3-409b-98a3-e9a6c14559ba | single |
Hu includes all except - | the synopsis of forensic medicine & toxicology;Dr k.s narayan reddy; 28th edition; pg.no. 154 . Hu means bodily pain,disease or infirmity caused to any person . | 2 | Physical pain | Mental pain | Infirmity | Disease | Forensic Medicine | Mechanical injuries | fc2e5cf7-bdf1-4a9b-a578-c7d731400c54 | multi |
Most common adverse effect of oral contraceptive is: | Ans. Opticneuritis | 2 | Colour blindness | Optic neuritis | Ringscotoma | Nystagmus | Ophthalmology | null | 80443c03-4b0e-4df8-946d-4f5fca27ff19 | single |
Which of the following toxin causes lathyrism? | Ans. d (BOAA). (Ref. Park, Textbook of PSM, 17th ed., 441)LATHYRISM# Neurolathyrism is crippling disease of nervous system characterised by gradually developing spastic paralysis of lower limbs, occuring in adults consuming the pulse, Lathyrus sativus ("khesari dhal").# The toxin present in lathyrus is beta oxaly amino... | 4 | Berberine | Pyrazolidone | Sanguinarine | BOAA | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and Health | 6ac07ba8-156b-4a89-a017-87409acf6850 | single |
A middle aged lady was diagnosed to incidentally have a ejection systolic murmur at the pulmonary area. A fixed wide split of the second heart sound was also noted. The diagnosis is:- | Classically presents as an asymptomatic patient with a flow murmur in the pulmonary area and a fixed wide split of S2.
Atrial septal defects occur most commonly in the region of the fossa ovalis, referred to as secundum-type defects .Additional atrial septal defects include defects of the sinus venosus and atr... | 2 | Tetralogy of Fallot | Atrial septal defect | Mitral stenosis | Mitral valve prolapse | Medicine | null | fe31593e-4278-4edc-8d32-61c1f3fabe4f | multi |
Which of the following diuretic should not be given along with aminoglycosides? | Flurosemide is a loop diuretic which can lead to ototoxicity and hence contraindicated along with aminoglycosides. | 2 | Chlorthiazide | Flurosemide | Dorzolamide | Canrenone | Pharmacology | null | cc545adc-a5e7-4d56-8284-2fc4edf531e1 | multi |
This condition is caused by: | Ans. (a) Paralytic Ileus.Image shows presence of multiple air fluid levels suggestive of paralytic ileus. Causes are--1. Postoperative2. Infection - typhoid3. Reflex - following fractures of spine or retroperitoneal hemorrhage4. Uremia - following prostatectomy5. Hypokalemia Image source- style="font-family: Times New ... | 1 | Paralytic Ileus | Hyperkalemia | Acute intestinal obstruction | Malnutrition | Surgery | Small Intestine - Small Bowel Obstruction | 0eefecb1-53e2-4f14-8694-085f9dd58a51 | single |
Which amongst the following a marker of carinoma- | Cytokeratins are a class of intermediate filaments that demonstrates epethelial differentiation and are the most commonly used marker to identify 'Carcinomas'. | 1 | Cytokeratin | Vimentin | Calretinin | CD45 | Pathology | null | a80cbff8-5f1d-4c8a-b689-33c13558d32a | single |
Commonest cause of carcinoma endometrium is | (Unopposed estrogen) (392-S) (374-SI4th)Predisposing factors for carcinoma endometrium* Unsupervised administration of HRT with oestrogens alone during the menopause predisposes these women to develop endometrial hyperplasia and cancer* Women with oestrogen dominance suffering from endometrial hyperplasia and presentin... | 1 | Unopposed estrogen | Multiple sex partner | Early marriage | Early menarchae | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) | df4aea51-bf78-492b-9584-937a10f4f3fc | single |
Acromegaly results due to excessive release of: | Ans. B. Growth hormoneIn Acromegaly there is excessive release of Growth Hormone. It occurs after the epiphyseal closure and is characterized by increase in the size of hands, facial changes, excessive hair, thickening of skin etc. | 2 | Thyroxine | Growth hormone | Insulin | Glucagon | Biochemistry | Endocrinology | f2d7fd4c-7fce-453e-9cb5-8ada2755fd0b | single |
Which is NOT seen in urine in obstructive jaundice? | Normally, there are mere traces of urobilinogen in the urine. In complete obstruction of the bile duct, no urobilinogen is found in the urine, since bilirubin has no access to the intestine, where it can be conveed to urobilinogen. In this case, the presence of bilirubin (conjugated) in the urine without urobilinogen s... | 1 | Urobilinogen | Direct bilirubin | Both of the above | None of the above | Biochemistry | null | 871d77ef-b665-4cb6-b4d0-e4b6edf9ca2b | multi |
Over the past several weeks, a 2-year-old girl has exhibited developmental regression, abnormal sleep patterns, anorexia, irritability, and decreased activity. These symptoms have progressed to acute encephalopathy with vomiting, ataxia, and variable consciousness. The family recently moved, and they are in the process... | The most important aspect of the management of lead poisoning is the identification and withdrawal of the source of the lead. Patients with symptomatic lead poisoning or extremely high lead levels in the blood (> 70 mg/dL) should be treated with both dimercaprol and calcium EDTA. With milder poisoning, intravenous or i... | 3 | Atropine and pralidoxime (2-PAM) | N- acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) | Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA, succimer) | Naloxone (Narcan) | Pediatrics | Growth, Development, and Behavior | 5dad9af8-7110-4a8c-9063-b62f3d91e071 | multi |
Dye used in fluorescent microscopy - | Ans. is `D' i.e., Auramine | 4 | Thioflavin T | Congo red | Brilliant blue | Auramine | Microbiology | null | 4c6a55f4-ba36-4fb5-9dde-6860d49f9efd | single |
A 25-year-old machinist is injured by a metal sliver in his left hand. Over the next few days, the wounded area becomes reddened, tender, swollen and feels warm to the touch. Redness at the site of injury in this patient is caused primarily by which of the following mechanisms? | Vasodilation of precapillary aerioles increases blood flow at the site of tissue injury. This condition (active hyperemia) is caused by the release of specific mediators. Vasodilation and hyperemia are primarily responsible for the redness and warmth (rubor and calor) at sites of injury. The other choices do not regula... | 4 | Hemorrhage | Hemostasis | Neutrophil margination | Vasodilation | Pathology | Basic Concepts and Vascular changes of Acute Inflammation | 379cd9b2-eaca-4915-84e7-4fc6f30450e5 | single |
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