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All except one leads to delayed puberty
Mc Cune - Albright syndrome is characterised by precocious puberty.
2
Kallman syndrome
McCune-Albright syndrome
Turners syndrome
Addison disease
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
2345a8b4-614f-467e-9c87-dcd441b00b02
multi
Calculi is most commonly seen in:
Sialolithiasis is accumulation of obstructive calcifications within the glandular ductal system, more common in submandibular gland (90%) than the parotid gland (10%).
2
Minor salivary gland
Major salivary gland
Parotid gland
Sublingual gland
Surgery
null
9d4512fd-a31c-43d4-92ea-1c1b26fee0a7
single
Centrally acting sympatholytic agent used as antihypeensive agent is
Refer kDT 6/e p540 Clonidine, sold as the brand name Catapresamong others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, drug withdrawal(alcohol, opioids, or smoking), menopausal flushing, diarrhea, and ceain pain conditions. It is used by mouth, by injection, or as a skin...
2
Propanolol
Clonidine
Prazosin
Phenoxybenzamine
Pharmacology
Cardiovascular system
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multi
All of the following intraocular foreign bodies produce suppurative reaction except
INTRAOCULAR FOREIGN BODIES Reactions of the foreign body Depending upon its chemical nature following 4 types of reactions are noted in the ocular tissues: 1. No reaction is produced by the ine substances which include glass, plastic, porcelain, gold silver and platinum. 2. Local irritative reaction leading to encapsul...
3
Pure zinc
Mercury
Copper alloys
Nickel
Ophthalmology
Ocular trauma
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multi
Neonate with blotchy rash on the abdomen. Diagnosis is:
Ans. (c) Erythema toxicum neonatorum.* Erythema toxicum neonatorum presents in neonates with blotchy maculopapular rash with pustules. These pustules are sterile and contain eosinophils and the rash usually settles by day 10 of life.* Cutis marmorata presents with mottling which disappears when the skin becomes warmer....
3
Congenital syphilis
Cutis marmorata
Erythema toxicum neonatorum
Milia
Skin
General
fa99559e-784d-4db2-9497-6ba89ba08dbe
single
Sabin fleldman dye test is used for -
Ans. is 'a1 i.e., Toxoplasmosis Sabin-Feldman dye testo A Sabin-Feldman dye test is a serologic test to diagnose for toxoplasmosis.o The test is based on the presence of certain antibodies that prevent methylene blue dye from entering the cytoplasm of Toxoplasma organisms.o Patient serum is treated with Toxoplasma trop...
1
Toxoplasmosis
Syphilis
Herpes genitalis
Gardenellavaginalis
Skin
Bacterial Infection of Skin
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Common site of regional enteritis is –
Crohn disease (Terminal ileitis or regional enteritis) Crohn disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which is characterized by - Sharply delimited and typically transmural involvement of the bowel by an inflammatory process with mucosal damage. The presence of non-caseating granulomas. Fissuring with th...
3
Colon
Rectum
Distal ileum and colon
Caecum
Pediatrics
null
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single
A person was on chemotherapy for 2 week for some mediastinal tumour. Now he develops high frequency hearing loss. Most probable cause of this condition is use of:
Ans: A (Cisplatin) OTOTOXIC DRUGS P.LDhingra 6th/33-34Various drugs & chemical can damage the in ner ear & cause sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus & sometimes vertigoCytotoxic drugs causing hearing loss are- nitrogen mustardfmechlorethamine), cisplatin & carboplatin"Cisplatin: Important toxicities are- renal impairm...
1
Cispiatin
Etoposite
Doxorubicin
Methotrexate
Pharmacology
Anti-Neoplastic Agents
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single
Product of pentose phosphate pathway:
Pentose phosphate pathway/Phosphogluconate pathway/Hexose monophosphate shuntIt is a process that generates NADPH and pentoses (5-carbon sugars).There are two distinct phases in the pathway.- The first is the oxidative phase, in which NADPH is generated, and the- Second is the non-oxidative synthesis of 5-carbon sugars...
3
ATP
Pyruvate
NADPH
Lactate
Biochemistry
null
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single
Most common cause of rubeosis iridis
it develops following retinal ischemia which is a common feature of: ●proliferative diabetic retinopathy ●central retinal vein occlusion ●sickle cell retinopathy ●Eale's disease
4
Tumor
CRAO
Radiation retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy
Ophthalmology
null
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single
Most common cause of ptosis
*Congenital myogenic ptosis is the most common type of ptosis and is often bilateral. Ref: Clinical ophthalmology p.786
4
Myasthenia gravis
Paralysis of 3rd nerve
Idiopathic
Congenital
Ophthalmology
Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus
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single
Least chances of cord prolapse are seen with
Maximum chances of cord prolapse seen in breech are in footling where as min chances in frank frank breech
1
Frank breech
Complete breech
Footling
Knee
Anatomy
Abnormal labor
6f5572d0-f3da-407c-8bb2-94dae37236b0
single
In which organelle (s) of hepatocyte, the elongation of long chain fatty acid takes placea) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)b) Golgi bodyc) Mitochondriad) Lysosomese) Ribosome
Endoplasmic reticulum (E ) & i.e., Mitochondria Elongation takes place in microsomal system (endoplasmic reticulum) and mitochondrial system.
1
ac
bc
ad
b
Biochemistry
null
f54e86e5-ca05-46c7-9503-f0476b06088b
single
The term erythroderma is applied when any inflammatory skin disease affects more than ___ of body surface area
Erythroderma is involvement of more than 90% of skin in any disorder.
3
70%
80%
90%
100%
Dental
null
d811a79a-4915-49f1-97ef-5ecd4cad6670
single
Which of the following statements is true regarding digital clubbing?
null
2
Clubbing always indicates heart disease
Clubbing is seen in pulmonary arteriovenous fistula
Clubbing is common in cirrhosis of the liver
Presence of clubbing warrants a search for sickle cell disease
Medicine
null
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multi
An intrauterine pregnancy of approximately 10 weeks gestation is confirmed in a 30 year old, gravida 5, para 4 woman with an IUD in place. The patient expresses a strong desire for the pregnancy to be continued. On examination, the string of the IUD is noted to be protruding from the cervical os. The most appropriate c...
A woman with an IUCD in place, with amenorrhea should have a pregnancy test and pelvic examination. An intrauterine pregnancy can occur and continue successfully to term with an IUCD in place. A. If an intrauterine pregnancy is diagnosed and IUCD strings are visible: IUCD should be removed as soon as possible in order ...
3
Leave the IUD in place without any other treatment
Remove the IUD to decrease the risk of malformations
Remove the IUD to decrease the risk of infection
Terminate the pregnancy because of the high risk of malformations.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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single
First extensor compament of wrist have which of the following structures
Tendon of extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis pass through the second compament of extensor retinaculum.Tendon of extensor digiti minimi passes through the sixth compament.B D Chaurasia 7th edition Page no: 137
1
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digiti minimi
Anatomy
Upper limb
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single
A 25 year old pregnant female with gestational diabetes came to OPD at 30 weeks of gestation for routine antenatal checkup. Her sugars are uncontrolled. Her fundal height was found to be 36 cm and abdominal skin appears excessively stretched and shiny. Her previous antenatal USG repos were normal. What could be the mos...
Fundal height normally correlates (in cms) with gestational age in weeks (from 16 to 36 weeks). The possible reason for increased fundal height could be : Polyhyramnios, Fibroids, Twin pregnancy, H. Mole, Big baby (Fetal macrosomia) Normal previous USGs rules out fibroid, twin pregnancy and H. Mole. According the above...
2
Uterine fibroids
Polyhydramnios
Twin gestation
Oligohydramnios
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Amniotic Fluid Dynamics
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single
All of the following are criteria for irritable bowel syndrome except -
<p>Davidson&;s principles and practice of medicine 22nd edition. *Romelll criteria. * abdominal pain or discomfo associated with 2 or more of the following # improvement with defecation #change in frequency of stool. #change in appearance of stool </p>
2
Change in frequency of stool
Blood & mucus in stool
Change in form ofstool
Improves with defecation
Medicine
G.I.T
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multi
Bosniak classification is for?
The Bosniak classification system of renal cystic masses divides renal cystic masses into five categories based on imaging characteristics on contrast-enhanced CT. It is helpful in predicting a risk of malignancy and suggesting either follow up or treatment. Classification: Bosniak I -Simple cyst , imperceptible wall; ...
2
Renal tuberculosis
Renal cysts
RCC
VUR
Surgery
Urology
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single
Most powerful cloning vector ?
Most powerful cloning vector is cosmid as largest DNA can be incorporated in cosmid.Overall, most powerful cloning vector is YAC (Yeast aificial chromosome).
3
Plasmid
Virus
Cosmid
Phage
Biochemistry
null
fde82106-4fad-48c2-bbc7-cc0f4206579d
single
Bacterial species seen in skin ?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Propionobacterium
4
Lactobacillus
Streptococcus pneumonia
Bacterioides fragilis
Propionobacterium
Microbiology
null
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single
End-Product of the action of salivary amylase is
Salivary alpha-amylase hydrolyse the alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkage, so as to produce smaller subunits like maltose, isomaltose, dextrins and oligosaccharides.Ref: DM Vasudevan, page no: 39
2
Mannose
Maltose
Sucrose
Fructose
Biochemistry
Metabolism of carbohydrate
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single
The oesophgus commences at the following level?
A. i.e. Lower end of Cricoid
1
Lower end of cricoid
C5 veebra
10cm from incisor teeth
C7
Anatomy
null
bcf3912a-d32f-4525-b5df-8659601b7120
single
33-years-old alcoholicon ATT presents with increased serum iron & increased transferrin saturation. Diagnosis?
Ans. (b) Sideroblastic anemia(Ref: Wintrobe's 12th/pg 847-848)This is an Alcoholic patient on Anti TB drugs (isoniazid, pyrazinamide) who presents with features of iron overload on iron studies (increased serum iron & increased transferrin saturation). These features are suggestive of sideroblastic anemia.
2
Iron deficiency anemia
Sideroblastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Anemia of chronic disease
Pathology
Misc. (R.B.C)
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single
Endogenous chemoattractants are all except -
Endogenous Chemoattractants include LTB4, complement system C5, chemokines, but not integrins. Integrins are cell matrix adhesion molecules. Integrins are proteins that function mechanically, by attaching the cell cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and biochemically, by sensing whether adhesion has occurre...
2
C5a
Integrins
LTB4
IL 8
Pathology
General pathology
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multi
Nodular regenerating hyperplasia is associated with -
Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver This is the most common cause of non-cirrhotic poal hypeension in developed countries; it is characterised by small hepatocyte nodules throughout the liver without fibrosis, which can result in sinusoidal compression. It is believed to be due to damage to small hepatic aeri...
3
Budd-chiari syndrome
Alcohol
Drug
Hepatitis B
Medicine
G.I.T
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single
In an emergency room an alcoholic patient enters with hematemesis. On examination he has ascites with splenomegaly and gynecomastia. Etiology is
Ans. (b) Portal hypertension due to alcholic cirrhosisRef: Sabiston 20th edition Page 1437* Clinical features and findings suggest that the patient is a known case of Alcoholic cirrhosis with portal hypertension.* So most common cause in him is Varices bleeding
2
Portal hypertension secondary to viral hepatitis
Portal hypertension due to Alcoholic cirrhosis
Budd chiari syndrome
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Surgery
Liver
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single
All are true about chronic SDH except:
Chronic SDH Caused bysignificant trauma, can present weeks after tril injury. Most patients are symptomatic but patient can be completely asymptomatic. Treated by burr hole/craniotomy, twist drill craniostomy with subdural drains. Clinical improvement occurs when subdural pressure is close to zero, which usually occurs...
1
Immediate recovery after surgery
Presents weeks after tril injury
Patient can be completely asymptomatic
Use of a subdural drain is associated with a decreased need for repeat surgery
Surgery
JIPMER 2018
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multi
Bilateral consonants are ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., PbMW Pronounced or aiculated with both lips, as the consonants b, p, m, and w. Baby stas producing bilabial words by 4th month of age.
2
Pb9
PbMW
MW
TLMW
Pediatrics
null
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single
Retention in a stainless steel crown is achieved primarily by:
null
4
Chamfer
Cement
Parallel distal and mesial walls
Crimping the crown to engage buccal & lingual undercuts
Dental
null
4bb6e707-29c3-460d-aa9c-0130314afabb
multi
Which of the following are antigen-presenting cells?
Neutrophils are one of the primary defense cells of the innate immune system. T-lymphocytes are important activators of the specific (adaptive) immune system. Macrophages are antigen presenting cells. Plasma cells produce antibodies.
3
Neutrophils
T-lymphocytes
Macrophages
Plasma cells
Dental
null
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single
A 32-years old male with suspected neurofibroma, tosis was found to have a blood pressure of 178/110 mm Hg at a recent health fair. He complained of palpitations and excessive sweating. Today he presents to the clinic for a checkup because he has developed abdominal discomfo. His blood pressure is now recorded to be 13...
The RET proto-oncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase for members of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of extracellular signalling molecules.RET loss of function mutations are associated with the development of Hirschsprung's disease, while gain of function mutations are associated with ...
4
N-myc amplification
Overexpression of C-kit
K-ras mutation
RET oncogene
Medicine
Miscellaneous
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single
The gross specimen section of kidney depicts:
The specimen shows an enlarged kidney with cysts of varying sizes in both coex and medulla. Minimal normal kidney tissue is present and there is a complete loss of coicomedullary gradient. Choice B is ruled out as it has small shrunken kidneys. The gross specimen section of kidney depicts : Polycystic kidney Gross spec...
3
Renal cell carcinoma
Medullary cystic kidney
Polycystic kidney
Hydatid cyst
Medicine
Polycystic Kidneys
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single
Indications of FESS
INDICATIONS : 1. Chronic bacterial sinusitis unresponsive to adequate medical treatment. 2. Recurrent acute bacterial sinusitis. 3. Polypoid rhinosinusitis (diffuse nasal polyposis). 4. Fungal sinusitis with fungal ball or nasal polypi. 5. Antrochoanal polyp. 6. Mucocele of frontoethmoid or sphenoid sinus. 7. Control o...
1
Inveed papilloma
Nasal allergic polyposis
Mucocele
Carcinoma of maxilla
ENT
Diagnostic and operative ENT
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multi
As compared to unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparins
Low molecular weight heparin has higher subcutaneous bioavailability. Lab monitoring is not required unlike heparin. LMWH has lower risk of osteoporosis and lower incidence of thrombocytopenia. From medical pharmacology padmaja 4th edition Page no 337, 339
1
Are absorbed more uniformly when given subcutaneously
Require more frequent laboratory monitoring
Cannot be given to patients with heparin induced thrombocytopenia
Predispose to a higher risk of osteopenia
Pharmacology
Hematology
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single
Which of the following tendons has attachments on sustentaculum tali?
SUSTENTACULUM TALI:- Medial surface of calcaneum bone is concave from above downwards.The concavity is attenuated by the presence of a shelf like projection of bone, called the sustentaculum tali.The groove on the lower surface of sustentaculum tali is occupied by tendon of FHL.Medial margin is related to tendon of fle...
2
Tibialis anterior
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexer hallucis longus
Anatomy
Lower limb
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multi
Buttressing bone formation is a
null
3
Process which is always peripheral
Occurs normally
Occurs when excessive occlusal forces are present
Process which is always endosteal
Dental
null
806d6549-5ea0-4f0f-8448-95cf02f8541c
multi
Quaernary ammonium compound disinfectants are ?
Quaternary ammonium compounds are cationic detergents. They have microcidal and viricidal activities. They can be used for instrument disinfection and skin antisepsis.
2
Anionic
Cationic
Neutral
Gases
Biochemistry
null
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single
In exhaled air, normal pCO2 pressure is:
(Refer: Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 24th edition, pg no: 635)
2
36 mm Hg
27 mm Hg
40 mm Hg
17 mm Hg
Unknown
null
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single
True about fluorescent antibody detection test in the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum are all except?
The diagnosis of malaria involves identification of malarial parasite or its antigens/products in the blood - The diagnosis of malaria is confirmed by blood tests and can be divided into microscopic and nonmicroscopic tests. 1) Microscopic test For nearly a hundred years, the direct microscopic visualisation of the ...
2
It is an immunochromatographic test
Detection of histidine rich protein 1
Detection of lactate dehydrogenase antigen
Detection of glutamate dehydrogenase antigen
Medicine
null
d8e24580-444e-4b1e-abd1-4517671caa9b
multi
A 21-year-old medical student suffered a needle stick injury. The patient has a history of illicit intravenous drugs abuse. One month later, the medical student develops jaundice. Which of the following findings would implicate hepatitis B as the etiology?
The presence of hepatitis B surface antigen means actively replicating virus, and in the context of the history of recent needle-stick injury, this likely represents a hepatitis B infection. During the acute episode of disease, when there is active viral replication, large amounts of HBsAg and hepatitis B virus DNA can...
1
Positive hepatitis B surface antigen
Positive antihepatitis B surface antibody
Positive antihepatitis A antibody
Positive antihepatitis B-core antibody
Microbiology
null
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single
MRI can detect
(All of the above) (6, 11-S. Bhadury 2nd essentials of radiology and imaging) (133-35-B & L 25th) Disadvantage of MRI * Very high cost of imaging * Inability to image bone and calcium * It is unsuitable for patients with cardiac pacemakers and other ferromagnetic implants. * Imaging time is long, hence movement or moti...
4
Magnetic FB
Iron FB
Wooden foreign body
All of the above
Unknown
null
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multi
Characteristic lab findings of hemophilia A are –a) ↑ PTb) ↑ aPTTc) X–linked recessived) Presence of 30% of factor level express the diseasee) Increased bleeding time
Hemophilia A                                                                                                                      Hemophilia A is due to deficiency offactor VIII. Hemophilia 'A' is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait. Factor VIII is an intrinsic pathway component required for activation of factor ...
4
a
c
ac
bc
Pediatrics
null
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single
Complication of trauma to danger area of face -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Cavernous sinus infection o The area of upper lip and the lowrer part of nose is the danger area of face. It is due to that this area is the common site of infection.o This area is drained by facial vein wrhich communicates with the cavernous sinus through the superior ophthalmic vein and pterygoid ve...
1
Cavernous sinus infection
Meningitis
Visual loss
Loss of memory
ENT
Nose and PNS
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single
The drugs not used for treatment of osteoporosis are -
A.General 1.Bedrest 2.Local heat 3.Analgesics 4.Exercise: Regular walking or other weight bearing exercise for 1 hour 3 times a week protects bone mass 5.Prevention of injury (most hip and wrist fractures are caused by falls). 6.Excessive thyroid hormone replacement therapy should be avoided. B.Antiresorptive agents 1....
2
Biphosphonates
Steroids
Denosumab
Calciam
Medicine
Endocrinology
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single
Which type of pelvis is associated with increased incidence of ‘face to pubis’ delivery?
As discussed in the text in Table 1.1 face-to-pubis delivery is common in anthropoid pelvis.
2
Gynaecoid pelvis
Anthropoid pelvis
Android pelvis
Platypelloid pelvis
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
66362243-deb3-44bf-921b-9e138e917749
single
In a survey, many children are examined and were found to have urogenital abnormalities. Which congenital anomaly is associated with increased risk of bladder carcinoma.
Ans is b ie Bladder exstrophy Congenital anomalies associated with increased risk of bladder cancer are: - patent urachus - exstrophy bladder - Both increase the risk for adenocarcinoma.
2
Medullary sponge kidney
Bladder exstrophy
Unilateral renal agenesis
Double ureter
Surgery
null
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single
Renal osteodystrophy is due to:-
Renal rickets/ renal osteodystrophy - This is seen in patients with chronic renal failure. Renal rickets is mainly due to decreased synthesis of calcitriol in kidney. lt can be treated by administration of calcitriol. Reference: Satyanarayana- Biochemistry, 3rd edition, pg-128
3
Increased synthesis of calcitriol in kidney
No synthesis of calcitriol in kidney
Decreased synthesis of calcitriol in kidney
Fluctuating production of calcitriol in kidney
Biochemistry
null
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single
A 35 year old athlete has height 184 cm., arm span 194 cm., pulse rate 64/min., BP 148/64 mm Hg. Chest auscultation reveals long diastolic murmur over right 2nd intercostal space on routine examination. The probable diagnosis is :
Answer is A (A.R.): Arm span greater than height is suggestive of Marfan's syndrome. Aoic regurgitation (A.R.) is a feature associated with Marfans as well as consistent with a diastolic murmur is second right intercostal space.
1
Aoic regurgitation
Atrial septal defect
Ebstein anomaly
Coarctation of aoa
Medicine
null
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single
Active metabolite form in synthesis of fatty acid is:-
Staing material in FA synthesis is Acetyl CoA Acetyl CoA (2C) - Malonyl CoA -Used for FA Synthesis Malonyl CoA is the Main active metabolite used. Each time during elongation of fatty acid chain the addition of 2C carbons taking place are derived from malonyl CoA. So, it the active metabolite of fatty acid synthesis.
2
Acetyl CoA
Malonyl CoA
Stearate
Palmitate
Biochemistry
NEET 2018
766bd6df-78a7-4255-a185-cc72d3a21fb8
single
Which of the following drug needs no dose modification in TB with CRF?
In CRF we can give full dose of rifampicin because this drug is completely metabolize in liver
2
Ethambutol
Rifampicin
INH
Pyrazinamide
Anatomy
All India exam
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single
A 35 years old mother of two children is suffering from amenorrhea for last 12 months. She has history of failure of lactation following 2nd delivery but remained asymptomatic thereafter. Skull X-ray shows "Empty sella". Most likely diagnosis is:
Amenorrhea, failure of lactation and "Empty sella" in skull X-ray give the diagnosis of Sheehan's syndrome. Ref: Current Obs and Gynae Diagnosis and Treatment 8th Edition, Page 446 ;Internal Medicine: An Illustrated Radiological Guide By Jarrah Ali Al-Tubaikh, 2010, Page 247
3
Menopause
Pituitary tumor
Sheehan's syndrome
Intraductal papilloma of breast
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
3664e5c1-e199-4119-9796-62aea6a56ffd
single
15-year-old girl presented with primary amenorrhea with orderly appearance of secondary sexual characteristics like breast and pubic hair. What is the next best step for this patient:
In the question the girl is 15 yrs with normal secondary sexual characteristics, she is a case of primary amenorrhea and needs evaluation (reassurance could have been given had the patient been younger than 15 years) The next impoant step would be an USG to check whether she has normal mullerian structures (uterus and ...
2
Reassure
USG
HSG
Hormonal study
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Normal Menstruation, Abnormal Menstruation, Menopausal Physiology and forsight of conception
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multi
Optic cup give rise to ?
Ans. is `b' i.e., RetinaThe inner layer of optic cup forms the main structure of the retina. From its anterior border develop pas of ciliary body and iris.
2
Lens
Retina
Cornea
Sclera
Anatomy
null
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single
A 6-year-old child with recurrent UI with mouth breath ing and failure to grow with high arched palate and impaired hearing should be managed by
The child is having recurrent UI with high arched palate and failure to grow which indicates child is having adenoids and since there is impaired hearing it means child has developed otitis media as a complication. Hence logically the child should be treated with adenoidectomy with grommet inseion. Ref:- Scott Brown; p...
3
Tonsillectomy
Myringotomy with grommet inseion
Adenoidectomy with grommet inseion
Grommet inseion
ENT
Pharynx
ca80dc40-833b-474b-bcb8-ae5ceae1876f
single
Transamination reaction requires which vitamin?
Pyridoxal phosphate (active form of vitamin B6) is the coenzyme for transamination reactions.
2
Thiamine
Pyridoxin
Riboflavin
Pentothenic acid
Biochemistry
null
d5d7f477-add8-424d-a05f-7d29840c5161
single
Osgood schlatters disease involves?
Ans. (a) Tibial tuberosityRef.-.Apley's system of orthopaedics and fractures edited by Louis Solomon, dividwarwicky selvadurainayagam 9/e, p 575-576y 887)
1
Tibial tuberosity
Femoral condyle
Lateral malleolus
Medial malleolus
Orthopaedics
Avascular Necrosis
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multi
A 28 years old male presented with diarrhea for 6 months. On examination the causative agent was found to be acid fast with 12 micrometer diameter. What is the MOST likely causative agent?
Cyclospora oocysts take days or weeks to become infectious, and because of this, direct person to person transmission through fecal exposure is unlikely to occur. Cyclosporiasis has been linked to waterborne and foodborne infections. Altered mucosal architecture with shoening of intestinal villi due to diffuse edema an...
3
Cryptosporidium
Isospora
Cyclospora
Giardia
Microbiology
null
323eeeff-a9e0-4765-8e51-36fecc9a3c6b
single
Ecthyma gangrenosum in a neutropenic patient is caused by which of the following organism?
Ecthyma gangrenosum is a localized cellulitis with necrotizing and ulcerative evolution occurring in immunocompromised or neutropenic patients, mainly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Two pathogenic mechanisms are recognized; one occurring as the result of the presence of P. aeruginosa during bacteriemia, and the seco...
2
Fungal infection
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Skin
null
cd0ebcdc-c826-463f-97fc-0ed671ff8ab0
single
which of the following mumurs will increase with valsalva ?
HOCM REF: harrisons 21st ed
4
MR
VSD
AS
HOCM
Medicine
All India exam
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single
Complement level is reduced in:
Ans. D. Membrane proliferative GNMembranoproliferative GlomerulonephritisCauses of Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis1. Type I Disease (Most Common)a. Idiopathicb. SLEc. Endocarditisd. Hepatitis Ce. Hepatitis Bf. Mixed cryoglobulinemiag. Cancer: Lung, breast, and ovary (germinal)2. Type II Disease (Dense Deposit ...
4
Minimal change
Membranous
Focal & segmental
Membrane proliferative GN
Medicine
Kidney
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single
The 23 valent pneumococci vaccine is recommended in all except -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Children less then 2 years Pneumacoccal vaccine . There are two types of pneumococcal vaccines available : ? 1) Polyvalent (23 type) polysaccharide vaccine This polysaccharide vaccine represents the capsular antigen of 23 most prevalent serotypes. - It gives 80-90% protection which is long lasting (5 ...
3
CSF leak
Chronic cardiac disease
Chidren less than 2 years
Nephrotic syndrome
Microbiology
null
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multi
The drug of choice for schistosomiasis is:
This novel anthelmintic has wide ranging activity against Schistosomes, other trematodes, cestodes and their larval forms but not nematodes ESSENTIALS OF PHARMACOLOGY page no. 855
3
Albendazole
Metronidazole
Praziquantel
Triclabendazole
Pharmacology
Chemotherapy
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single
Most common cause of epidural abscess
Harrison's principles of internal medicine. * Staphylococci or gram negative organisms are the usual cause of an epidural abscess
1
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Gram negative bacilli
Microanerophilic anaerobic streptococci
Medicine
C.N.S
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single
Which one of the following is the description used for the term allodynia during pain management ?
Allodynia refers to perception of an ordinarily non-noxious stimulus as pain.
4
Absence of pain perception
Complete lack of pain sensation
Unpleasant sensation with or without a stimulus
Perception of an ordinarily non-noxious stimulus as severe pain
Anaesthesia
null
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multi
Quinsy refers to ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Peritonsillar abscess Ouinsy (Peritonsillar abscess) Quinsy consists of suppuration outside the capsule in the area around the capsule. There is collection of pus between the capsule of tonsil and the superior constrictor muscle, i.e. in the peritonsillar area. Peritonsillar abscess is a complication ...
2
Intra-tonsillar abscess
Peritonsillar abscess
Submandibular abscess
Retropharyngeal abscess
ENT
null
8af7fe0b-5f4d-43e3-a4d3-5493fbe79d69
single
In Colle's fracture, distal fragment is: March 2003
Ans. D i.e. All of the above
4
Shifted dorsally
Angulated laterally
Supinated
All of the above
Surgery
null
a889af18-37a2-4753-b59b-8dfae6fb164a
multi
X Ray view of fracture of nasal bone includes all except
.X-RAYS FOR NASAL FRACTURES 1. Lateral view of nasal bones : Both right and left lateral views should be taken. Fracture line and depression or elevation of the fractured segment is seen. Lower pa of nasal bones is thin and fractured more frequently. Groove for ethmoidal nerve and vessels can be seen running downwards ...
1
Submental view
Waters view
Occlusal view
Lateral view
ENT
Miscellaneous ENT
87687ecb-4968-458d-95ed-221c4bf94829
multi
The most common organism causing food poisoning in canned food is
Clostridium botulinum: strict anaerobic, cause botulism. Source of foodborne botulism is preserved food, meat and meat products, canned foods. Proteolytic varieties can digest food, which appears spoiled. The cans are often inflated and show bubbles on opening. Non-proteolytic varieties have food unchanged. Reference: ...
4
S typhi
V cholarae
H pylori
C botulinum
Microbiology
Bacteriology
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single
A 40 year old male patient has a large, foul smelling ulcer with bright red granulation tissue over the glans penis. There was no lymphadenopathy. The most likely diagnosis is:
Ulcer with red granulation tissue (beafy red) and absence of lymph nodes suggests the diagnosis of granuloma inguinale or Donovanosis.
4
Syphilis
Chancroid
LGV
Granuloma inguinale
Dental
null
2bffc2ec-558d-497c-af18-07d18621d20d
single
Staph aureus causes -
Option 1 Erythrasma Cause :Corynebacterium minutissimum Appears in the folds of the skin In warm or humid climates Option 2 Chancroid/soft sore Cause : H. Ducreyi Painful lymph node, tender non-indurated and bleeding genital ulcer. Option 3 S. aureus doesn't cause acne vulgaris. Option 4 lmpetigo- 2 types :- i) Non-bul...
4
Erythrasma
Chancroid
Acne vulgaris
Bullous impetigo
Microbiology
Systemic Bacteriology Pa 1 (Gram Positive Cocci, Gram Negative Cocci)
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single
Loud S1 in Mitral stenosis is caused by:
Answer is A (Prolonged flow through mitral valve) Loud SI in mitral stenosis results from prolonged AV flow through the mitral vain `S1 is louder i fAV flow is prolonged because of mitral stenosis' -- Harrison Reduced mobility of valve (Immobility, calcification), and Prolonged PR interval (1st degree block) are all ca...
1
Prolonged flow through mitral valve
1st degree hea block
Calcification of the valve
Immobilization of valve
Medicine
null
9c6fc46c-e497-4192-ad02-7cba6df481d0
single
Fournier's gangrene affects
Ref:Bailey and love 27th edition Pg no :419
2
Cheek area
Perineal area
Abdominal wall
Toes
Anatomy
General anatomy
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multi
In 1st trimester, all of the following can be well appreciated, except
Crown rump length- Ideal time to measures CRL is 7 - 10 weeks Anencephaly - Earliest anomaly to be detected on USG , can be defected earliest by 10 weeks. Nuchal translucency - sonographic marker of down syndrome / aneuploidy in 1st trimester (seen at 10-12 weeks). Hydrocephalus can be seen around 20 - 24 weeks or beyo...
3
Nuchal Translucency
CRL
Hydrocephalous
Anencephaly
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Diagnosis of Pregnancy
b5130aa2-1908-48fd-9013-19a83781750c
multi
Diastolic hea failure is impairment in the filling of the left ventricle. Which of the following is LEAST likely to occur?
Diastolic dysfunction is an impairment in the filling of the left ventricle ("stiff ventricle") caused by decreased compliance at a normal left atrial pressure. Systolic hea failure, which is an impairment in contractility, has a better response to positive inotropic agents. Most patients have a combination of both sys...
4
Improvement of the patient's condition with administration of calcium channel blocker
Decreased compliance of the hea Increased left atrial pressure
Increased left atrial pressure
Improvement of patient's condition with administration of a positive inotropic agent
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
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single
Recommended anticopper drug for Wilson's disease in paediatric patients is:
Recommended Anticopper Drugs for Wilson's Disease: Disease status DOC Hepatitis/cirrhosis without decompensation Zinc Mild hepatic decompensation Trientine and Zinc Moderate hepatic decompensation Trientine and Zinc Severe hepatic decompensation Liver transplantation Pediatric Zinc Pregnant Zinc Reference: Harrisons Pr...
2
Trientine
Zinc
Tetrathiomolybdate
d-penicillamine
Medicine
null
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single
Which of the following structure is present over the mediastinal surface of right lung:
Ans. A Azygos veinRef: Gray's Anatomy 41st ed. P 955Mediastinal Surface of Right LungOn the mediastinal surface of the right lung, you find these structures:* Azygos vein and its arch (posterior and over the root of the lung).* Vagus nerve posterior to the root of the lung.* Esophagus posterior to the root.* Phrenic ne...
1
Azygos vein
Right thoracic duct
Aorta
Trachea
Anatomy
Thorax
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single
A 54 year old man is evaluated by a neurologist because of a gait disorder. When the physician passively moves the patient's right great toe upward or downward, the patient cannot accurately repo the direction of motion, although his perception of light touch and painful stimuli is unimpaired.This finding can best be e...
The patient's inability to detect the position of his toe reflects a lack of conscious proprioception for this pa of his body. Conscious proprioception, discriminative touch, and vibration sense are all carried by the dorsal column/medial lemniscus system. The fact that he can still perceive light touch and painful sti...
2
Right fasciculus cuneatus
Right fasciculus gracilis
Right lateral lemniscus
Right medial lemniscus
Anatomy
null
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single
Which among the following is the BEST parameter for estimation of fetal age by ultrasound in third trimester?
In the third trimester femur length is most accurate to estimate the gestational age. Gestational age in the first trimester is usually calculated by from fetal crown rump length. This is the longest demonstrable length of the embryo or fetus excluding the limbs and the yolk sac. Four fetal parameters routinely measure...
1
Femur length
Biparietal diameter
Abdominal circumference
Inter-ocular distance
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
cc0700e1-aeea-43e1-8510-d622cfaab807
single
Which drug is not included in RNTCP regime for MDR TB -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., PAS Treatment of multidrug resistance (MDR) TBo MDR-TB is defined as resistance to at least both IIS H and rifampicin. Previously it was classified as Category IV under DOTS (DOTS-PLUS).o The treatment is given in two phases, the intestive phase (IP) and the continuation phase (CP). The total duration...
4
Cycloserine
Ethionamide
Levofloxacin
PAS
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health Programmes in India
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single
Two month old baby presented with non bilious vomiting and a palpable epigastric lump. which among the following will be investigation of choice
Ans) a (USG abdomen) Ref Nelson 18th ed pi555Above clinical scenario is about the classical presentation of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.Ultrasound examination confirms the diagnosis in the majority of cases and allots an earlier diagnosis in infants with suspected disease but no pyloric mass on physical examination.C...
1
USG abdomen
Xray abdomen
Upper GI Series
CT abdomen
Pediatrics
Gastro Intestinal System
45aa358f-85b1-417a-883d-b51c4523bb55
single
Hyperlipidemia is caused by intake of ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., beta-Blocker Drugs causing hvperiglyceridemia ? o Estrogen o Furosemide o Bile acid - binding resin o HIV protease inhibitors. o beta-blockers o Glucocoicoids o Retinoic acid
2
Calcium channel blockers
beta-blocker
Methyldopa
Reserpine
Pharmacology
null
afedb75f-9a9b-45ac-a8e9-971789abd876
single
Criminal negligence is punishable under :
C i.e. 304 A
3
306 IPC
307 IPC
304-A IPC
304-B IPC
Forensic Medicine
null
b9f9a49f-c400-4fb7-9a5a-0e679c3553c9
single
After suxamethonium 50mg, apnea persists for one hour --
Suxamethonium is a depolarising muscle relaxant used to rapidly gain optimal intubating conditions. It is normally metabolised within 5 minutes by plasma cholinesterase. Some patients lack this enzyme or have an altered enzyme that does not metabolise the suxamethonium as rapidly. These patients may remain paralysed fo...
2
treatment with cholnesterase is indicated
Probably an atypical cholinesterase is present
Treatment with stored blood is indicated
Apnea may be due to low serum potassium concentration
Anaesthesia
Muscle relaxants
ca4846fd-8e49-4b20-91f8-58939d22235b
single
Which is not included in millennium development goals?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Number of oral pills intake in a community The indicators included in MDG are:? 1) Prevalence of underweight children (under five years of age). 2) Propoion (%) of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption. 3) Under-five moality rate. 4) Infant moality rate. 5) Propoion (%) of 1 yea...
1
Number of oral pills intake in a community
Propoion of children underweight
Propoion of population using biomass fuel
Tuberculosis morbity and moality
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
b43b4c4d-f529-4843-b4b5-a14a3a7297b5
single
True about diabetes in pregnancy are all except:
Ans. is c, i.e. Insulin resistance improves with pregnancyRef. Dutta 7/e, p 282 for option a, b, 283 for option c and 285 for option d; Fernando Arias 3/e, p 440, 442, 443In pregnancy, the insulin sensitivity decreases i.e. insulin resistance increases as the gestation advances mainly due to anti insulin signals produc...
3
Glucose challenge test is done between 24-28 weeks
50 gm of sugar is given for screening test
Insulin resistance improves with pregnancy
Diabetes control before conception is important to prevent malformation
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Medical & Surgical Illness Complication Pregnancy
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multi
Bone, which usually does not have a medullary cavity:
Clavicle is generally said to have no medullary cavity, but this is not always true Peculiarities of Clavicle:It has no medullary cavityIt is the first bone to ossify in the fetus (5th-6th week)It is the only long bone having 2 primary centers of ossification (others have only 1)It is the only long bone that ossifies i...
2
Fibula
Clavicle
Humerus
Ulna
Anatomy
null
ca8e3170-7f95-43a5-9807-a5fc75955fc2
multi
An 18 year old man is evaluated for possible immunodeficiency disease because of a life-long history of chronic lung infections, recurrent otitis media, and multiple episodes of bacterial meningitis. While total IgG is normal, the patient is found to have a selective deficiency of IgG2. An associated deficiency of whic...
IgG subclass deficiency is one of the more minor forms of immunodeficiency disease, and most patients with this condition who are optimally managed can expect a normal life span. The typical presentation is as illustrated in the question stem. The deficiency may involve either or both IgG2 and IgG3 with or without IgG4...
3
C3
C4
IgA
IgE
Medicine
null
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single
A 23 year old female has abdominal lump that is movable and painless. On exploratory laparotomy, a cystic lump is found arising from mesentery which has no lymphatic supply but has independent blood supply. What is the probable diagnosis?
Mesenteric Cyst More common in females Usually seen in 2nd decade. CHYLOLYMPHATIC MESENTERIC CYST ENTEROGENOUS MESENTERIC CYST Congenitally misplaced lymphatics in ileum with Afferent lymphatics only. No efferent lymphatics | The chyle will collect | Progressive increase in size of cyst independent blood supply to cyst...
1
Chylomyphatic mesenteric cyst
Enterogenous mesenteric cyst
Ectopic pregnancy
Pelvic abscess
Surgery
Peritoneum
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single
Disease imported in a country, which was not otherwise present?
Ans. c (Exotic) (Ref. Park PSM 22nd/pg. 90)Exotic diseaseDisease imported in a country, which was not otherwise present.Epizootic disease# Disease affecting a large number of population at the same time within a particular region or geographic area.# Epizootic disease has the potential for very serious and rapid spread...
3
Epornithic disease
Zoonotic disease
Exotic disease
Epizootic disease
Social & Preventive Medicine
Concept of Health and Disease
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single
Repetitive stimulation increases pain sensation, the probable cause is
Repetitive stimulation causes release of chemical mediators such as histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandins etc, which increase the sensitivity of nociceptors.
1
Hyper-sensitization
Decreased reflex time
Increase in threshold of pain
Decreased receptor area
Physiology
null
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single
The outer covering of diatom is made of -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Silicon o The extracellular coat of diatoms has silica.o Diatoms are unicellular algae, suspended in water.o They have silicaceous cell wall (i.e. cell wall contains silica) which resist acid digestion and putrefaction,o Only live body with a circulation can transport diatoms form lung to brain, bone ...
2
Magnesium
Silica
Hydrocarbons
null
Forensic Medicine
Injuries
ac367bf6-beb8-4f8d-a6dc-cb1fd69ca5f3
multi
Study the following table of population in a district and the average population served per doctor. Calculate the harmonic mean: AREA POPULATION SERVED PER DOCTOR POPULATION NUMBER OF DOCTORS RURAL 1000 50000 50 URBAN 500 50000 100 TOTAL 100000 150
Calculation of harmonic mean is as follows: (50000+50000)/(50000/100+50000/50)=667 Ref : Medical biostatistics, 1st edition pg: 118
3
500
567
667
750
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
ced3e25a-8dfd-4b74-9d1e-fc1949df36f7
single
The weight of the child at 3 years is usually_______ times the bih weight
<p> weight of new born Weight of child in nude or minimal clothing is measured accurately on a lever or electronic type of weighing scale. Spring balances are less accurate. The weighing scale should have a minimum unit of 100g. Child should be placed in middle of pan. Age Weight(kg) Bih. 3 6 months 6 (doubles) 1 yr. 9...
3
3
4
5
7
Pediatrics
Growth and development
49075091-0c44-49c3-ae68-6f1b6d4050de
multi
N Methyl Glycine is known as:
Sarcosine/ N-methylglycine = intermediate and by-product in Glycine synthesis and degradation * Ergothionine is a thiourea derivative of Histidine, containing a sulfur atom on the imidazole ring * Betaine is N,N,N-Trimethylglycine, present in beet sugar. * Carnosine (Beta-Alanyl-L-Histidine), has Imidazole ring like Hi...
2
Betaine
Sarcosine
Carnosine
Ergothionine
Biochemistry
Glycine Metabolism Detail
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single
40 yrs old diabetic patient presents with round lesions for 2 weeks on abdomen. HPE shows palisading granuloma. What is the diagnosis?
Ans. is 'a' i.e. Granuloma annulare Points in favour are:* Diabetic patient* Annular lesions* Palisading granuloma on HPE (most important)Palisading granulomas* They are a subtype of necrotizing granuloma in which the mononuclear phagocytes at the periphery have elongated or spindle-shaped nuclei that are palisaded and...
1
Granuloma annulare
Pemphigus erythematosus
Leprosy
Tinea
Skin
Bacterial Infection of Skin
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single
Not a member of SAARC region
Members of SAARC region Afghanistan Bangladesh India  Sri Lanka Nepal  Bhutan Maldives Islands Pakistan
2
India
Africa
Sri Lanka
Afghanistan
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
d7c6c097-5e91-4e48-ae3f-1d5dbfd9f2c5
single
For Dextroelevation of the eye, muscles acting are -
Dextroelevation: Right superior rectus and left inferior oblique Levoelevation: Left superior rectus and right Inferior oblique Dextroversion: Right lateral rectus and left medial rectus Levoversion: Left lateral rectus and right medial rectus Dextrodepression: Right inferior rectus and left superior oblique Levodepres...
2
Right lateral rectus and left medial rectus
Right superior rectus and left inferior oblique
Right inferior rectus and left superior oblique
Bilateral superior recti and inferior obliques
Ophthalmology
Ocular motility and squint
23eb30d9-4af1-422c-9983-faafa78064de
single
Hemosiderin contains
Hemosiderin  It is hemoglobin derived, golden yellow to brown, granular or crystalline pigment in which form iron is stored in cells. When there is local or systemic excess of iron, ferritin forms hemosiderin granules. Thus hemosiderin pigment represents aggregrates of ferritin micelles. Under normal conditions small a...
4
Calcium
Magnesium
null
Iron
Pathology
null
d23178f7-4b65-47dc-9fea-1ce9fbdd0759
multi