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A 35 weeks pregnant multigravida is diagnosed of having pre-eclampsia. If she develops seizures, what is the BEST regimen for treatment? | MgSO4 is the drug of choice for severe preeclampsia and eclampsia. Mechanism of action: It reduces motor endplate sensitivity to acetylcholine and thereby reduces neuromuscular irritability. It also blocks neuronal calcium influx. It induces cerebral vasodilatation, dilates uterine aeries, increases production of endot... | 2 | Lytic cocktail regimen | Pritchard's (MgSO4) regimen | Phenytoin regimen | Diazepam regimen | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 9e41ad9c-19ee-4d56-884c-82a7e00a1fdf | single |
Elastic cailages is found in | Distribution of elastic cailage-it forms the &;skeletal &;basis of the auricle and of the lateral pa of the external acoustic meatusINDERBIR SINGH&;S TEXT BOOK OF HUMAN HISTOLOGY-reference,page no:85 | 2 | Tracheal cailage | Auricular cailage | Aicular disc | Bronchi | Anatomy | General anatomy | 19462119-637b-4a50-9fc9-03bb4df2fc8a | single |
Which mode of ultrasound help is Orbital biometry? | A Mode Ultrasound is Amplitude Mode used for measuring Axial length of Eyeball and Orbital Biometry. A scan in Opthalmology is the A Mode Ultrasound. B mode is used in routine ultrasonography. M mode is used in chest and obstetric USG. D mode is used for vessels. | 1 | A- mode | B-mode | M-mode | D-mode | Radiology | ULTRASOUND | 95c528ca-366a-41c2-87ca-a711f187b1c8 | single |
Gastric lavage is contraindicated in poisoning with: (PGI June 2008) | Ans. A (Kerosene) Gastric lavage is C/1 in kerosene poisoning"Gastric evacuation for pure petroleum distillate or turpentine ingestion is not recommended Q " - Reddy 27th/522Gastric Lavage (G. L) - C/I or Precautions# The only absolute C/1 for G.L. is corrosive poisoning" (except carbolic acid j, owing to the danger of... | 1 | Kerosene | Morphine | Barbiturates | Dhatura | Forensic Medicine | Forensic Toxicology - Concepts, Statutes, Evidence, and Techniques | 853d6ba5-9fc4-421e-afa8-aba5fe1df100 | single |
A 12 year old child presents with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Oral examination shows a grey membrane on the right tonsil extending to the anterior pillar. Which of the following medium will be ideal for the culture of the throat swab for rapid identification of the pathogen? | The symptoms of the given case are suggestive of C. diphtheria infection.
On Loeffler’s serum slope, C. diphtheriae grows after 4–6 hours at 37°C producing small, circular, and white opaque colonies.
If no colonies are seen, the medium is reincubated further for 24 hours.
Parija SC. Textbook of Microbiology & Immuno... | 3 | Nutrient agar | Blood agar | Loeffler’s serum slope | LJ medium | Microbiology | null | bb128e1c-e4ad-424c-941f-45ede0afe2b8 | single |
Triple response is due to ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Histamine Triple response (Lewis triple response) When a pointed object is stroked very firmly over the skin, a characteristic 3 pa response develops. Its feature are :? 1) Red reaction (red line) is due to transient capillary engorgement (vasodilation) caused by histamine released from damaged tissue... | 2 | Serotonin | Histamine | Dopamine | Bradykine | Physiology | null | d66d5e04-4f1a-422c-95ff-48840dccb3d2 | single |
In an adult, the spinal cord ends at: | B i.e. Li - L2 | 2 | T12-L1 | L1-L2 | L3-L4 | Si-S2 | Anatomy | null | 1a0a7db4-70c5-48e7-b30c-4ecad4dd1e0a | single |
Which disaccharides are not broken down in git? | LactuloseComposition: O-a-d-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-b-d-fructofuranoseSource: Heated milk (small amounts), mainly syntheticClinical Significance: Not hydrolyzed by intestinal enzymes, but fermented by intestinal bacteria; used as a mild osmotic laxativeFermentation of lactulose results in acidification of the gut conten... | 1 | Lactulose | Maltose | Sucrose | Lactose | Biochemistry | Metabolism of carbohydrate | 63db9615-4b19-4a12-a34e-375e4707dbf9 | single |
Which of the following play the most impoant role in pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Ahritis | CD4+ T cells plays the most impoant role in orchestrating the chronic inflammatory response in Rheumatoid Ahritis. CD4+ T cells are the major component of the inflammatory infiltrate in the rheumatoid synovium. Chronic inflammatory response in Rheumatoid Ahritis T cells (CD4) are the major component of the inflammatory... | 1 | CD4+ T cells | CD8+ T cells | B cells | Granulocytes | Pathology | Musculoskeletal system | 655f88ad-34ea-424e-9474-21c1131281ca | single |
Quaer staggered arrangement is seen in | The collagen fibres have a triple stranded,quaer staggered arrangement. This arrangement helps in mineralization Tropocollagen molecules are arranged in a "quater-staggered array" to form collagen fibres . Reference: Harpers illustrated biochemistry 31st edition pg 593 | 4 | Immunoglobulin | Hemoglobin | Keratin | Collagen | Anatomy | General anatomy | 5e226a9a-62c3-410d-9232-9ef6395d89a7 | single |
X-ray appearance of sequestrum is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Unnatural radiodense fragments Sequestrum* Sequestrum is a piece of dead bone, surrounded by infected granulation tissue trying to eat the sequestrum away.* The sequestrum is hardl, rough, porus, light in weight and lighter in colour than normal Normal pattern of bone is lost. (Note : Sequestrum in sy... | 1 | Unnatural radiodense fragments | Osteopenic fragment | Fragment with honeycomb loculated appearance | Radiolucent area with speckled calcification | Orthopaedics | Infection of Bones & Joints | 3b74522e-8c6c-4c36-9b19-b051d85629b7 | single |
In stable angina : | Answer is D (The levels of cardiac markers remain unchanged) | 4 | CK-MB is elevated | Troponin I is elevated | Myoglobin is elevated | The levels of cardiac markers remain unchanged | Medicine | null | 8f43a035-15bb-49d1-a5b8-0e28f420fe4b | single |
Which of the following is not a sign of active rickets? | Symptoms of rickets include: pain or tenderness in the bones of the arms, legs, pelvis, or spine. stunted growth and sho stature. bone fractures. muscle cramps. teeth deformities, such as: delayed tooth formation. holes in the enamel. skeletal deformities, including: an oddly shaped skull. bowlegs, or legs that bow out... | 3 | Prominent fontanelle | Hot cross bun sign | Saddle nose | Caries teeth | Pediatrics | Nutrition | 7090c4f9-f7c1-471b-912c-5b05984501cd | single |
A patient with cushingoid features presents with hemoptysis, he shows no response to dexamethasone suppression test. The most likely diagnosis is: | Ca lung with ectopic ACTH production | 3 | Adrenal hyperplasia | Adrenal adenoma | Ca lung with ectopic ACTH production | Pituitary microadenoma | Medicine | null | 21181fb1-6df5-43c5-a3b3-d4bf781c0606 | single |
Virchow's triad includes all of the following, EXCEPT- | Virchow's triad refers to three primary influences that predispose to thrombus formation.
Endothelial injury (or vascular injury)
Stasis or turbulence of blood flow
Blood hypercoagulability
Virchow's triad should be the cornerstone for assessment of risk factors for deep venous thrombosis.
Stasis can occur with ven... | 4 | Venous stasis | Injury to veins | Blood hypercoagulability | Venous thrombosis | Surgery | null | 6e5c6f27-61b0-47ec-8fe3-6bbb54cd24c5 | multi |
Hemodialysis is NOT useful in poisoning with | (B) Diazepam # HAEMODIALYSIS:> It is very useful for removing ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, chloral hydrate, lithium, trivalent arsenic, acetaminophen, bromides, phenobarbital, bromides, salicylates, fluoride, sodium chlorate, digitalis, methaqualone, boric acid and thiocyanates. | 2 | Barbiturates | Diazepam | Salicylate | Methanol | Pharmacology | Miscellaneous (Pharmacology) | d6c6099c-e08f-494d-945a-aba6ff44a745 | single |
Which of the following is not a glycerosphingolipid? | Phospholipids are :Glycerophospholipids (glycerol containing) :- Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (cephaline), phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, plasmalogens, lysophospholipids, cardiolipin.Sphingophospholipids (sphingosine containing) :- Sphingomyeline | 4 | Lecithin | Cardiolipin | Plasmalogens | Sphingomyelin | Biochemistry | null | 29216f6d-1a55-4c54-b532-a6852b68db7b | single |
Delirium tremens is seen in - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Alcohol withdrawal Delirium tremensDelirium tremens is the most severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome. It occurs usually within 2-4 days of complete or significant alcohol abstinence. This is an acute organic brain syndrome (delirium) with characteristic features of delirium.Clouding of consciousness wit... | 1 | Alcohol withdrawal | Alcoholoverdoses | Morphine poisoning | Atropine poisoning | Psychiatry | Alcohol-Related Disorders | 97092fd0-55ab-4548-87b4-a5477b3e8654 | single |
Shoest diameter of foetal skull is | Bitemporal | 1 | Bitemporal | Biparital | Veicomental | Suboccipito bregmatic | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 29204b05-7700-4d48-923c-00a6779e39c6 | single |
Which of the following antimicrobial agent can result in ototoxicty, nephrotoxicity and redneck syndrome? | Ref: Katzung, 14th ed. pg. 809; Sharma & Sharma 3rd ed. P 742-43; KDT 6th ed. pg. 732* Vancomycin is a bactericidal drug acts by cell wall synthesis inhibitor and by damaging cell membrane integrity.* It is exclusively active against aerobic as well as anaerobic gram positive species such as streptococcus and staphyloc... | 2 | Methicillin | Vancomycin | Tetracycline | Chloramphenicol | Pharmacology | Anti Microbial | 19f492fb-55eb-4d21-ba25-7647c3483087 | single |
Griseofulvin is not useful in | griseofulvin and oral terbinafine are not usefu in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor iadvl textbook of dermatologypage 260 | 2 | Tinea capitis | Tinea versicolor | Tinea cruris | Tinea pedis | Dental | Fungal infections, Scabies, Pediculosis | 3e24045a-8fd6-4a12-9b56-151ebbe7c72d | single |
A patient, Hari has been diagnosed to have schizophrenia. Which of the following acts as a limiting factor in the use of clozapine as an antipsychotic drug in this patient ? | null | 1 | Its potential to cause agranulocytosis | Its inability to benefit negative symptoms of schizophrenia | High incidence of extrapyramidal side effects | Production of hyperprolactinemia | Pharmacology | null | 84622b8d-3a5e-44fb-af3a-cdaf3384ad95 | single |
Fluorescent feulgen reaction is used to demonstrate | The X chromosome is seen as a Plano convex mass lying inside the nucleus just beneath the nuclear membrane as a nucleolar satellite, in the cells of buccal mucosa. This is called Barr body. Barr bodies are seen in the somatic cells of normal females (XX) Barr bodies can be demonstrated by eosin- hematoxylin staining or... | 1 | Barr body | Davidson body | Tatoo | Footprints | Forensic Medicine | Identification | ab6f9015-d94a-4707-bdc3-7e16e63b9bc6 | single |
Resolution of inflammation is caused by? | Antiinflammatory mediators terminate the acute inflammatory reaction when it is no longer needed the anti-inflammatory cytokines: IL-10, TGF-b, IL-4, IL-13 pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha Interleukin 10 (IL-10) has been proposed as having an inhibitory effect on the production of several inflammatory ... | 3 | TNF Alfa, IL-1 and CRP | TNF beta, IL-6 and CRP | TNF Alfa, IL 10 and IL 1 receptor antagonist | TNF gamma | Pathology | General pathology | cbca7105-0f8f-4674-90ca-5ae8f3beba9b | single |
The most common systemic association of scleritis is – | "When a patient comes to an ophthalmologist with scleritis, RA must be considered, because it is the most common cause of scleritis (and episcleritis)".
— The cornea by Dohlman | 3 | Ehlers – Danlos syndrome | Disseminated systemic sclerosis | Rheumatiod arthritis | Giant cell arteritis | Ophthalmology | null | 1d6709c5-8b85-46a4-ac5f-b8d7c907b03d | single |
Fluid entering DCT is always: | Kidney receives approx 25% of cardiac output.
Fluid entering DCT is always Hypotonic. | 1 | Hypotonic. | Hypertonic. | Isotonic. | None. | Physiology | null | 4fb5e2bf-e05c-423f-b458-c30bfc9339f4 | multi |
A man aged 60 years presents with intermittent dysphagia & foul breath. He regurgitates food that is eaten few days ago: Likely diagnosis is: | Answer is A (Zenker's diveiculum) Essentials of Diagnosis : Zenker's Diveiculum (Current Otolaryngology) Dysphagia (Intermittent) Regurgitation of undigested food (with risk of aspiration) Gurgling sounds in neck Halitosis | 1 | Zenker's diveiculum | Meckel's diveiculum | Scleroderma | Achalasia cardia | Medicine | null | 1c40dfaa-85cb-4d52-9308-2e8412f8b0e9 | single |
A 3-day-old male infant has a noticeably small mandible. A CT scan and physical examinations reveal hypoplasia of the mandible, underdevelopment of the bones of the face, downward-slanting palpebral fissures, defects of the lower eyelids, and deformed external ears. Abnormal development of which of the pharyngeal arche... | The first pharyngeal arch, which is often associated with the mandible, is responsible for development of Meckel's cartilage, malleus, incus, and mandible. Additionally, it is innervated by the trigeminal nerve, specifically the mandibular division that innervates the muscles of mastication. This patient presents with ... | 1 | First arch | Second arch | Third arch | Fourth arch | Anatomy | Head & Neck | bc43707a-75af-405a-804d-7b377d19e584 | multi |
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein transpo cholesterol from HDL to ? | Cholesteryl ester is tranfered from HDL to VLDL and chylomicrons in exchange with triglyceride by the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). | 1 | VLDL | IDL | LDL | Chylomicrons | Biochemistry | null | 3658f2d6-eaba-44fb-91cc-572a9d6b04cd | single |
All of the following steps act as sources of energy in citric acid cycle except - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Citrate synthase* The total number of ATPs obtained in citric acid cycle is 10.S.NOENZYMEREDUCING EQUIVALENTATP EQUIVALENT1Isocitrate dehydrogenase1NADH2.52a ketoglutarate dehydrogenase1 NADH2.53Succinyl CoAATP/GTP14Succinate dehydrogenaseFADH21.55Malate dehydrogenaseNADH2.5Total 10* Hence citric acid... | 1 | Citrate synthase | Isocitrate dehydrogenase | Succinyl thiokinase | Succinate dehydrogenase | Biochemistry | Carbohydrates | 8112230c-31f3-4e84-b597-b95fd6cd1b6e | multi |
Commonest cause of Intra cerebral bleed - | Primary intracerebral hemorrhage occurs mostly in patients with hypeension and is due to rupture of one of the numerous microaneurysms found in the brain tissue of most people with hypeension. Muir's Textbook of pathology Edited by JR Anderson, 12th edition, page no 21.20 | 2 | Berry aneurysms | Hypeension | Diabetes | Thrombocytopenia | Pathology | Nervous system | c27bb11c-778f-4213-8b2e-8307a30868cc | single |
Reversible methods of contraception are : | Ans. is a, b, c i.e. OCP; IUCD; Barrier; and Depot injection Methods of contraception (can be classified as) Temporary methods Permanent methods (used to postpone pregnancy or space bihs) (Surgical methods are to purposefully and permanently Barrier methoddeg destroy the Reproductive capacity of an individual) Natural ... | 4 | Barrier | OCP | IUCD | All | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 6c7da024-b8df-4409-bafb-c1284bb3d163 | multi |
Management of infected pancreatic necrosis include all except: | Pancreatic necrosis: Non ble fat or pancreatic tissue in peri-pancreatic region Acute necrotic collection (ANC)- intra/extra pancreatic collection containing fluid and necrotic material, with no definable wall This may develop a well-defined inflammatory capsule over a period of 4 weeks- Walled-off necrosis (WON) Diagn... | 1 | Empirical antibiotics only | Percutaneous drainage under USG guidance | Nutritional suppo | Pancreatic necrosectomy | Surgery | Pancreas | 8d78ace1-7c2f-4e36-94a2-0b9f6515ce7a | multi |
Aspirin is contraindicated in a patient who in on treatment with : | null | 2 | Prednisolone | Warfarin | Theophyline | Oral contraceptives | Pharmacology | null | 56bc1cff-31d5-4dd9-b5fe-cbbd2d171e46 | single |
Color of granule of actinomycetes- | Sulfur granules in Actinomyces exhibit white to yellow color. | 2 | Black | Yellow | Red | Brown | Microbiology | null | f47a4c54-0a69-4b46-99b6-a0947dbb8aad | single |
AH of the following are true about lymphocyte depletion variety of HL except: | Ans: b (CD 20 expression) Ref: Robbins, 7th ed, p. 688CD20 expression is classical of lymphocyte predominant variety of HL and not lymphocyte depletion variety.L & H variant is seen in lymphocyte predominant variety of HL and it classically expresses CD20 and germinal centre transcription factor BCL 6.HODGKIN LYMPHOMA ... | 2 | Least common | CD 20 expression | CD 15 & CD 30 expression | Pleomorphic RS cell | Pathology | Blood | 63324e78-a96a-46ff-a49a-cd4ce84fc3f4 | multi |
Pearson's formula is used for : | B i.e. Stature | 2 | Cephalic index | Stature | Race | Age | Forensic Medicine | null | 2cde4bcc-5ec2-4c3d-aa43-cb8315639b15 | single |
Most important prognostic factor for colorectal carcinoma is | "The number of positive nodes appeared to be the single most important prognostic factor."-DeVita | 4 | Site of lesion | Tumour size & characteristics | Age of patient | Lymph node status | Surgery | null | 552c4ff2-f0b8-44a5-a482-62e97f407ece | single |
Caudal regression syndrome is seen in babies of mother having: | Ans. is a, i.e. DiabetesRef. Fernando Arias 3/e, p 454; COGDT 10/e, p 312"The lesion classically associated with diabetic embryopathy, the 'caudal regression syndrome', is rare, with an incidence of 1.3 per 1000 diabetic pregnancies". --Fernando Arias 3/e, p 454 | 1 | Diabetes | PIH | Cardiac disease | Anaemia | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Medical & Surgical Illness Complication Pregnancy | 1217d11a-33bd-4b4d-8328-255508e6a865 | single |
Activation of juxtapulmonary-capillary receptors during pulmonary embolism causes the following physiological change: | Pulmonary embolism causes rapid shallow breathing (tachypnea). The receptors responsible for initiating these responses are located in the walls of the pulmonary capillaries or in the interstitium; therefore, they are called J (for juxtapulmonary-capillary) receptors. Stimulation of these receptors by pulmonary vascula... | 4 | Tachycardia | Hypeension | Apnoea | Tachypnea | Physiology | null | 215ed8e4-a174-412d-9071-dd59dc09f331 | single |
A 32-year-old woman presents to the emergency department after acutely developing a high fever, lightheadedness on standing, and a rash. At the hospital she develops vomiting, diarrhea, confusion, and abdominal pain. She goes on to develop evidence of multiorgan failure and is transferred to the intensive care unit. On... | TSS is most characteristically seen in females using vaginal tampons and is secondary to staphylococcal enterotoxins called TSS toxin 1 (TSST-1). Abrupt onset is characteristic. The clinical criteria for diagnosis include high fever, a diffuse rash that desquamates on the palms and soles over the subsequent 1-2 weeks, ... | 1 | S aureus toxic shock syndrome (TSS) | streptococcal infection (scarlet fever) | clostridial infection | Rocky mountain spotted fever (RMSF) | Medicine | Infection | 0776f05c-cfb2-48b0-ac5d-b8c548e7c682 | single |
Cafe cornoray commonly occurs when a person is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Intoxicated o Cafe coronary7: It refers to accidental chocking by bolus of food obstructing larynx. Death is mostly due to asphyxia, or due to reflex cardiac arrest caused by stimulation of laryngeal nerve endings. It is common when gag reflex is suppressed, e.g. intoxicated individuals and following ... | 1 | Intoxicated | Eating fatty food | Eating fruits | Eating fish | Unknown | null | d3e2f7e0-9f32-458a-a051-4506376ab93f | single |
Hill Sach's lesion is most commonly seen in- | This question is a tricky one. when you read the textbooks, it seems that the answer is anterior shoulder dislocation.
Yes, Hill Sach's lesion is seen in an anterior shoulder dislocation. But, it is recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation.
Hill--sack lesion is a compression fracture of the posterolateral articular surf... | 1 | Recurrent shoulder dislocation | Posterior shoulder dislocation | Fracture neck of humus | Anterior shoulder dislocation | Orthopaedics | null | 11bb856d-0efd-4301-a482-76db99190ef4 | single |
Declaration of Helsinki is about: Odisha 11; NEET 14 | Ans. Human experimentation | 2 | Organ transplantation | Human experimentation | Toure | Physician's oath | Forensic Medicine | null | 8d7b372e-d085-413f-b897-8b2c7182080e | single |
Treatment of choice for Wahin's tumor is: | Wahin's tumor or papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum or adenolymphoma is 2nd most common benign tumor accounting for 5% of parotid gland tumors. It arises exclusively from parotid gland. It almost always occur in older males. (in 5th to 7th decade) There is increased risk in smokers Most common site is tail of parotid ... | 1 | Superficial parotidectomy | Enucleation | Radiotherapy | Injection of a sclerosing agent | ENT | null | c5d9f693-ba5e-44f4-9d49-54d293e997ce | single |
Commonest position of the appendix - | null | 1 | Retrocecal | Preileal | Postileal | Pelvic | Surgery | null | b643ad68-3fe8-408f-9b02-450facd50bc7 | single |
Xeroderma pigmentatosa is caused due to a group of closely related abnormalities in | null | 3 | Mismatch repair | Base excision repair | Nucleotide excision repair | SOS repair | Biochemistry | null | 1de915ab-ea64-4fa1-82d8-278ebd324f7d | single |
Which one of the following can be seen in Othello syndrome? | Othello Syndrome or Delusional jealousy is a psychiatric disorder in which a person holds a strong delusional belief that their spouse or sexual paner is being unfaithful without having any, very little, or insignificant proof to back up their claim. People who suffer from this disorder have a strong association with s... | 3 | Delusion of persecution | Delusion of Grandeur | Delusion of Infidelity | Delusion of Doubles | Psychiatry | null | 0180dccc-94bf-46b9-8083-4ea9141753d7 | single |
The drug which triggers the production of antibody against red cell antigen causing autoimmune hemolysis is: | The drug which triggers through mimicry the production of autoantibodies against red cell membranes and induce hemolysis is Mehyldopa. Ref: Harrison's principles of internal medicine, 18th edition; Page: 881. | 1 | Methyldopa | Penicillin | Erythromycin | Dapsone | Medicine | null | b243f183-ece8-4f55-bc3a-a899e88967ec | single |
Thymectomy causes - | • In adult life, thymectomy has no demonstrable effect on antibody response or upon homograft survival.
• However, it has been shown that thymectomy in adult mice, combined with total body irradiation, can result in homograft tolerance of a high degree.
• This finding suggests that the thymus gland may resume its perce... | 1 | Failure of rejection of transplanted organs | Myastheina gravis | Autoimmune disorders | None of the above | Surgery | null | 88c86614-b285-4c35-a0fa-cdb82e5028c5 | multi |
Charcot's triad is defined by all of the following except: September 2007, March 2009 | Ans. B: Gall stones Cholangitis is due to paial or complete obstruction of the biliary tree with resulting bile stasis and secondary bacterial or microbial infection of the biliary tree Causes ? Common bile duct stones Benign biliary stricture (primary sclerosing cholangitis) Malignancy (head of pancreas adenocarcinoma... | 2 | Fever | Gall stones | Jaundice | Pain | Surgery | null | 193e132f-f336-4e1b-85c1-b5d439edfa4e | multi |
Which of the following best describes the forearm? | b. Pronator quadratus is attached to the radius and ulna and lies against the anterior surfaces of these bones. Explanationsa. The median nerve is found on the deep surface of flexor digitorum superficialis muscle, to which it is usually bound with fascia. c. The Ulnar nerve lies under flexor carpi ulnaris with the uln... | 2 | The median nerve is related anteriorly to flexor digitorum superficialis. | Pronator quadratus lies deep to the long flexor tendons just proximal to the wrist. | The ulnar nerve lies superficial to flexor carpi ulnaris. | Flexor digitorum profundus is paially supplied by the posterior interosseous nerve. | Anatomy | Muscles of arm and forearm region & Cubital fossa | 43696b38-224c-483b-bad2-dc115643250e | multi |
Resting membrane potential is mainly due to - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., K+ Genesis of RMPo The cell membrane is selectively permeable. Due to presence of potassium leak channels K+ ions are freely permeable but permeability of Na+ is much less . In the generation of RMP, following sequence of events occur :-i) K+ diffuses out of cell along its concentration gradient (K+ c... | 2 | Na+ | K+ | Cl- | Mg++ | Physiology | Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials | 86a08150-1452-4ab7-8c1f-ed80db25ebfe | single |
Most dangerous dehydration is – | Types of Dehydration in diarrhoea
A large amount of water and water-soluble nutritive substances such as electrolytes, metabolites and vitamins are lost from the body during diarrhoea episodes.
Loss of water from the body causes a reduction or shrinkage in the volume of ECF.
Depending on the concentration of sodium, t... | 2 | Hyponatremic | Hypernatremic | Isonatremic | Non–diarrhoeal cause | Pediatrics | null | 84632867-4686-4b0f-8cea-297b7c09b5b9 | single |
All of the following have receptors which are transcription factors except | null | 1 | Insulin | Estrogen | Vitamin D | Glucocorticoid | Pharmacology | null | 1cdf1dba-e086-42c1-b4f0-746f9b581b7f | multi |
The golden period of eye donation is | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 136)"Donor corneas are harvested from cadaveric donors within 6 hours after death, sometimes up to 12 hours after death in countries with cold climates". | 1 | 6 hours | 12 hours | 18 hours | 24 hours | Ophthalmology | Ocular trauma | 06feb34c-a0a8-4f6b-936c-d90d9e596f0c | single |
Highest Contraceptive failure is repoed in | - Spermicidal methods has pearl index of 10-25 / HWY ( Highest ). - Contain chemical - Non oxynol 9 - MOA - By rupture of plasma membrane of Acrosomal cap. | 1 | Spermicidal methods | Implant | Oral contraceptive pills | IUD | Social & Preventive Medicine | FMGE 2018 | 4b4190c9-81ff-4751-987a-4565f39d172b | single |
A 60 year old male had a sudden fall in toilet. His BP was 90/50 mm Hg and pulse was 100/mm. His relatives reported that his stool was black/dark in colour. Further careful history revealed that he is a known case of hypertension and coronary artery disease and was regularly taking aspirin, atenolol and sorbitrate. The... | Ans. a. Gastric ulcer with bleeding (Ref: Harrison 19/e p1918, 18/e p2444)In the given question, the 60-year old patient is presenting with black stool (melena) due to G.I. blood loss, history of aspirin use. So the diagnosis is most probably NSAID induced peptic ulcer disease."GI bleeding is the most common complicati... | 1 | Gastric ulcer with bleeding | Acute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock | Acute cerebrovascular accident | Pulmonary embolism | Medicine | C.V.S. | 8993d7ea-f3bd-4936-a464-20a5fa7eb608 | multi |
Reflux into grossly dilated ureter belongs to which grade of Vericoureteric Reflux ? | Grading of VUR based on radiocontrast MCO :
Grade
Description
I
Reflux into non - dilated distal ureter
II
Reflux into upper collecting system in non dilated ureter
III
Reflux into dilated ureter
IV
Reflux into grossly dilated ureter
V
massive Reflux with ureteral dilation , tortuous effaced calyces | 3 | Grade II | Grade III | Grade IV | Grade V | Pediatrics | null | 642b754f-8ae6-49a3-826d-c7f84a46091b | single |
A systematic observation and recording of activities of one or more individuals at random interval is done in – | Work sampling
It is systematic observation and recording of activities of one or more individuals, carried out at predetermined or random intervals.
It provides quantitative measurement of various activities.
It helps in standardizing the methods of performing jobs and determining the manpower needs in any organizatio... | 3 | Systems analysis | Network analysis | Work sampling | Input–Output analysis | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 3e3d0a94-7587-472d-a404-09eb4cb934a6 | single |
Buddy Strapping is used for | null | 4 | Radial Nerve Palsy | Clavical fracture | Both bone forearm fracture | Phalangeal fracture | Orthopaedics | null | d774902a-de27-4038-b02c-c48b3915c056 | multi |
Pseudohyperkalemia can result from | Hyperkalemia should be distinguished from factitious hyperkalemia or "pseudohyperkalemia," an aifactual increase in serum K+ due to the release of K+ during or after venipuncture. Pseudohyperkalemia can occur in the setting of excessive muscle activity during venipuncture (e.g., fist clenching), a marked increase in ce... | 4 | Prolonged use of tourniquet | Hemolysis | Marked leukocytosis | Tumor lysis syndrome | Medicine | Fluid and electrolytes | 5bb0c7f5-c5da-4a97-a1c8-dfc42df1dfbc | single |
A Syndrome is characterized by Pancreaticneoplasm (insulinoma), Pituitary, and Parathyroid involvement. The syndrome is: | Wermer | 3 | Polyglandular Type I | Polyglangular Type 2 | Wermer | Sipple | Pathology | null | edc8a5fe-6011-469f-a764-8106aa4b478c | single |
The support of an RPD is usually: | null | 3 | Tooth support. | Mucosa support. | Both. | None. | Dental | null | 6a443600-cde5-4ca6-a3b1-3d822bb5dcdb | multi |
Occlusal loading resulting in tooth flexure, mechanical microfractures, and loss of tooth substance in the cervical area is | Wasting diseases of the teeth include erosion (corrosion; may be caused by acidic beverages), abrasion (caused by mechanical wear as with toothbrushing with abrasive dentifrice), attrition (due to functional contact with opposing teeth), and abfraction (flexure due to occlusal loading). | 4 | Abrasion | Attrition | Erosion | Abfraction | Dental | null | 95efe14b-3487-49b7-b73e-efbae7b38f95 | single |
4 day old newborn baby having icterus involving sole, bilirubin level (mg/dl) - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 15 mg/dl Dermal staining of biiirubin-o Described by kramero Jaundice progress in cephalocaudal directiono Divided in 5 zoneZone Bilirubin1) 4-6 mg/dl-Face2) 6-8 mg/dl-Trun k & upper abdomen3) 8-12 mg/dl-Lower abdomen & thign4) 12-14 mg/dl-Arm & leg5) > 15 mg/dl-Palm & sole | 2 | 12 | 15 | 8 | 6 | Pediatrics | Digestive System Disorders | e7936439-3945-491d-82fe-07868e6bec10 | single |
NK cells kill the viral infected cells due to: | Ans. (a) Increased expression of MHC class I molecules Features of target cell killing by NK cell: Inversely related to target cell expression of MHC class I molecule. So, it kills the cell that expresses little or no HLA class I molecule (provide immunosurveillance) such as virus infected cells, ceain tumor cells and ... | 1 | Increased expression of MHC class I molecules | Decreased expression of MHC class I molecules | Increased expression of MHC class II molecules | Decreased expression of MHC class II molecules | Microbiology | null | 479c3221-6f4c-4c16-8ebd-469a0f6f4450 | single |
For a survey, some schools were selected randomly from which classes were selected randomly and then sections were selected randomly and from which students were selected randomly, which type of sampling method is this | null | 4 | Simple random | Cluster sampling | Stratified sampling | Multistage sampling | Dental | null | c8e27571-406e-4f5d-aa25-dfb46bc07a73 | single |
Nerve supply for adductor compartment of thigh is by | (B) Obturator Nerve # OBTURATOR NERVE (L2, L3, L4) is the chief nerve of the medial compartment of the thigh.> It is a branch of the lumbar plexus.> It enters the thigh by passing through the obturator canal.> Anterior division of obturator nerve supplies the following muscles: Pectineus Adductor longus Gracilis Adduct... | 2 | Femoral nerve | Obturator nerve | Superior gluteal nerve | Inferior gluteal nerve | Anatomy | Misc. | 4ba28621-473d-482e-8b3a-6e502aa33b12 | single |
All of the following are characteristics of case control study except | Disadvantages of case control study Problems of bias relies on memory or past records Selection of an appropriate control group may be difficult Cannot measure incidence and can only estimate relative risk Do not distinguish between cause and associated factors Another major concern representatives of cases and control... | 2 | Quick result are obtained | Measures incidence rate | Proceeds from effect to cause | Inexpensive study | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology | 354c55cc-9548-4806-b36f-6ce2356f35f8 | multi |
Tse-tse fly transmits - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Trypanosoma brucei Trvpanosoma brucei . It is the causative organism of sleeping sickness. . T. brucei gambiense West African sleeping sickness . T. brucei rhodesiense East African sleeping sickness . Definitive host Man Intermediate host --> Tsetse fly . Infective form to men --> Metacyclic form (met... | 1 | Trypansoma brucei | T.cruzi | Kala-azar | Oriental sore | Microbiology | null | 9edd0c26-4f81-4993-91e1-388a8425a0bc | single |
The bone matrix has the following crystals - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Calcium hydroxyapatiteStructure of boneo Bone is a specialized connective tissue.o Bone components areInorganic elements (65%)Organic matrix (35%)1. Inorganic elementsIt is the mineral phase, principally composed of calcium and phosphate, mostly in the form of hydroxyapatite ,2. Organic maxtixOrganic ... | 1 | Calcium hydroxyapatite | Calcium pyrophosphate | Calcium phosphate | Calcium sulphate | Orthopaedics | Anatomy of Bone & Fracture Healing | 7fdcbf97-2db2-4879-be16-72db2231337f | single |
\r\nA man found dead in suspicious situation. Injuries are seen all over the body. Antemoem injury is characterized by all, EXCEPT:\r\n | Difference between ante-moem and post-moem wounds: Trait Ante-moem wounds Post-moem wounds Edges The edges are swollen, eveed, retracted, and wound gapes. Edges do not gape, but are closely approximated. Haemorrhage Abundant and usually aerial. Slight or more and venous Spuing Signs of spuing of aerial blood on the bod... | 4 | Wound gaping | Aerial bleeding | Vital reaction present | Diminished enzyme activity | Forensic Medicine | null | fee2cb19-afe2-4021-8fe3-bd7fc945b149 | multi |
All of following cause intravascular hemolysis, except | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Hereditary spherocytosis | 4 | Mismatched blood transfusion | Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria | Thermal burns | Hereditary spherocytosis | Medicine | null | 7abb7ab0-df4e-4cd5-8fd4-4fa0e0f1e7ce | multi |
Which is a GABA transaminase inhibitor? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Valproate o GABA level is increased by Valproate and vigabatrine --> by inhibiting GABA transaminase Gabapentin --> by increasing synaptic vesicle release of GABA. | 3 | TCA | Sealine | Valproate | Gabpentin | Pharmacology | null | 8b738456-e65c-4cb6-b4d5-8e7524f3e249 | single |
Which of the following is true regarding chronic mercury poisoning - | Chronic poisoning * Also called as hydrargyrism, mercurialism * Excessive salivation (Ptyalism, Sialorrhea) * Metallic taste * Anorexia * Insomnia * Headache * Gingivitis * Halitosis * Blue line on gums * Lassitude * Visual blurring * Concentric constriction of visual field (tunnel vision) * Mercuria lentis - opacities... | 1 | Coarse tremor seen | Fine tremor seen | Loss of skilled activity | Inappropriate shyness and irritability | Forensic Medicine | Poisoning | a101be17-e05e-4dd0-bc37-d078a7e26070 | multi |
Elapidaes are- | Elapidaes are Neurotoxic Elapidaeare a family of venomous snakes commonly referred to as elapids. This family includes cobras, adders, mambas, common kraits. ..................................................................................................................................................................... | 2 | Vasculotoxic | Neurotoxic | Musculotoxic | Nontoxic | Forensic Medicine | Toxicology - 3 | 9df95cb3-8b20-4ad6-952e-21201573575f | single |
A 24-year-old unmarried women has multiple nodular, cystic, pustular and comadonic lesions on face, upper back and shoulders for 2 years. The drug of choice for her treatment would be: | B i.e. Isotretinoin | 2 | Acitretin | Isotretinoin | Doxycycline | Azithromycin | Skin | null | 10490e24-5eaa-4264-b53d-a58e8eedaa5f | single |
A 75 year old lady wakes up with sudden painless loss of vision. She gives history of scalp tenderness and cramp like pain on eating. O/E there is a pale disc edema, has an inferior altitudinal field defect. What is the likely cause? | Symptoms of GCA -such as Headache and tenderness of the temporal aeries and scalp. Jaw claudication, characterized by pain on speaking or chewing, is pathognomonic of GCA,caused by ischaemia of masseter muscle Other symptoms include fever, malaise, anorexia, weight loss, night sweats and joint and muscle pain. GCA is e... | 1 | Giant cell aeritis | Myasthenia gravis | Multiple Sclerosis | Neuromyelitis optica | Ophthalmology | Investigation in ophthalmology and miscellaneous topics | dd079d48-fa18-48f0-a48d-2e69c1a08c5e | single |
After performing a single-shot intrathecal anaesthetic consisting of 6.5mg of preservative free bupivacaine and 25 ug of fentanyl, the surgical incision is made and systemic hypotension ensued. To avoid significant decrease in uterine blood flow, first-line therapy to consider is | No need to add on nitric oxide,as uterine vasculature is maximally dilated under normal conditions during pregnancy. Trendelenburg position encourages increase in venous return and α-agonists can increase maternal arterial blood pressure.
i.v fluids can thus improve volume status. | 3 | Provide additional inhaled nitric oxide to vasodilate the uterine vasculature | Increase maternal cardiac output with use of epinephrine | Increase intravascular volume with fluids | Use reverse Trendelenburg to decrease aortocaval compression | Anaesthesia | null | 3b2b22b1-64b5-4c52-bf41-22bd226fb2af | single |
Which of the following enzyme degrades brain natriuretic peptide? | Natriuretic peptides include atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). The natriuretic peptides have a sho half-life in the circulation. They are metabolized in the kidneys, liver, and lungs by the neutral endopeptidase NEP 24.11. Inhibition of this endopep... | 1 | Neutral endopeptidase | Elastase | Collagenase | Omapatrilat | Pathology | null | b5549699-483a-4efb-8564-409b334163aa | single |
Child with recurrent hypoglycemic attack and hepatomegaly is likely to have - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Von Gierke's disease Recurrent hypoglycemic attack with hepatomegaly is seen in Type I glycogen storage disease (Von Gierke disease). Glycogen storage diseases o Glycogen storage diseases result from a hereditary deficiency of one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis or sequential degradation of g... | 1 | Von Gierke's disease | Neonatal diabetes | Neonatal hepatitis | Galactosemia | Pediatrics | null | 21745628-f664-41dd-950f-05b709d15c87 | single |
Which of the following types of nerve fibres carry fast pain: | A delta | 4 | A alpha | A beta | A gamma | A delta | Physiology | null | 7b4dc843-069a-402e-933e-2b53e180278a | single |
Which of the following statements about carcinogenesis is false? | Ans. is 'b' i.e. papilloma viruses produce tumours in animals but not in human "Human papilloma virus is the most common etiological factor for cervical cancer."Carcinogens and associated Cancers or Neoplasms:CarcinogensAssociated cancer or neoplasm* Alkylating agentsAcute myelocytic leukemia bladder cancer* AndrogensP... | 2 | Asbestos exposure increases the incidence of lung cancer | Papilloma viruses produce tumors in animals but not in humans | Exposure to aniline dyes predisposes to cancer of the urinary bladder | Hepatitis B virus has been implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma | Pathology | Carcinogenesis | 601275ff-b2e0-4ef2-a2f9-acb6db94eddb | multi |
Which cells line the collecting ducts ? | Collecting ducts are lined with cuboidal epithelium containing two cell types: the principal cells and intercalated cells. The intercalated cells are scattered in the epithelium and paicipate in acid-base homeostasis. Type A intercalated cells are specialized for proton secretion. A defect of the type A cell leads to d... | 1 | Simple cuboidal | Simple squamous | Simple columnar | Transitional | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis | 9cddc563-8b5e-4908-bcc7-53c277359d5f | single |
Pfropf's Schizophrenia | Pfropf's Schizophrenia is Schizophrenia seen in children. | 2 | Schizophrenia in professors | Schizophrenia in children | Schizophrenia in patients | Schizophrenia in doctors | Psychiatry | null | 302b5362-c0b5-4b88-b47d-6bce3943b50f | single |
Glucocorticoids with mineralocorticoids activity is seen in – | null | 3 | Triamcinolone | Betamethasone | Cortisol | Dexamethosone | Pharmacology | null | 5f9f089c-5b13-4c64-af33-a926beb1de16 | single |
The best method to diagnose bronchiectasis: | Ans. HRCT | 4 | X-ray | X-ray | MRI | HRCT | Radiology | null | 1f2e7f2a-0dd1-4275-a6a9-b856fdef959c | single |
Investigation of choice for detection & char-acterization of interstitial lung disease is | C i.e. HRCT High Resolution CT (HRCT) is investigation of choice for interstitial lung disease (parenchymal lung disease) and bronchiectasisQ as it can delineate the lung parenchyma upto the level of secondary pulmonary lobule. Principles of HRCT are: 1.Narrow beam collimation leading to thin section (r:: 1.5 mm) 2.Sma... | 3 | MRI | Chest X-ray | High Resolution CT scan | Ventilation perfusion scan | Radiology | null | 41aae57d-906d-4e37-a462-9e07ac5e3942 | single |
True about nucleosome: | C i.e. Regular repeating structure of DNA & histone proteins- Histones are small basic proteins rich in basic aminoacid arginine & histidine with alkaline isoelectric pH. It is a simple proteinQ ie its complete hydrolysis only yields amino acids. They are soluble in water, salt solution & diluteacids but not in ammonia... | 3 | Use only one type of histone protein | Each complex is separated from each other by non histone proteins | Regular repeating structure of DNA & histone proteins | Reflect small nucleus | Biochemistry | null | f57da82e-275a-47b6-9d8e-6a92cab38104 | multi |
All help in diagnosis of ectopic pregancy except: | Ans: b (Flat abdominal plate)Ref: William's Obstetrics, 23rd ed., chapter 10Rapid and accurate determination of pregnancy is essential in evaluating women with complaints suggestive of ectopic pregnancy.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for betahCG are sensitive to levels of 10 to 20 mIU/mL and are positive i... | 2 | Culdocentesis | Flat abdominal plate | USG abdomen | Positive UPT | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) | 8cdf3269-7af9-4187-8de2-25704f21f7ae | multi |
Lateral internal sphincterotomy is useful for:September 2007 | Ans. D: Anal fissureLateral internal sphincterotomy is the preferred method of surgery for persons with chronic anal fissures, and is generally used when medical therapy has failed.It is associated with a lower rate of side effects than older techniques such as posterior internal sphincterotomy and anoplasty, and has a... | 4 | Anal fistula | Anal canal strictures | Haemorrhoids | Anal fissure | Surgery | null | 5b6db44c-6e32-4a0d-9072-164485579f9c | single |
A 4 yr old child has 'seal barking' like croupy cough. Management includes A/E - | Ans. is `b' i.e., Antibiotic o Seal barking like croupy cough is a feature of laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup). | 2 | O2 inhalation | Antibiotic | Hydration | ALL | Pediatrics | null | 1f8b0a75-c765-4ebf-b031-3a5cd28d23af | multi |
Which of the following is not an operation of congenital lymphedema? | Ans. c (de Quervain's cross red operation) (Ref. Bailey and Love Surgery 25th ed., p. 957)TREATMENT OF LYMPHEDEMA# No drug therapy is effective.# The mainstay of treatment is external compression and meticulous skin care. Mechanical reduction of lymphedema can best be achieved with a program of frequent leg elevation, ... | 3 | Homan's operation | Charle's operation | de Quervain's cross red operation | Sistrunk's operation | Surgery | Lymphatic System | a872fe0d-e882-462d-87c9-7c426c6491e9 | single |
All are True about HIV, with chronic osteomyelitis except | Osteomyelitis in AIDS: Osteomyelitis ,which rarely develops in patients with AIDS, is monomicrobial in 50% of patients and polumicrobial in 35% with remaining showing no organism. Staphylococcus is the most common organism and often it is bilateral. As pathophysiology of osteomyelitis is not altered, all the pathologic... | 1 | necrosis absent | often bilateral | periosteal new bone formation | most common cause is staphylococcus aureus | Anatomy | Skeletal infections | 86b8cf78-5254-486f-ab8f-c264c37711a6 | multi |
One of the following does not cause increase in the size of spleen in later stages | null | 1 | Sickle cell anaemia | Cirrhosis | Infectious mononucleosis | Hairy cell leukaemia | Surgery | null | e6b15b49-474f-45ae-a333-0fb418447a1b | single |
Which of the following is not derivative of mesoderm? | B i.e. Gall bladder | 2 | Ureter | Gall bladder | Uterus | Epididymis | Anatomy | null | 9bd2182f-dee4-4118-944f-29343a5dbaea | multi |
Slow IPSP in autonomic is generated by: | C i.e. Dopamine | 3 | Nicotinic cholinergic | Muscarinic cholinergic | Dopamine | GnRH | Physiology | null | 27f21dd7-1384-4b16-b332-ac661f15c154 | single |
The most common chromosomal syndrome is – | Down syndrome (Trisomy) is the most common of the chromosomal disorder. It occurs in frequency of 1:800 to 1:1000 newborn. | 3 | Fragile X-syndrome | Trisomy 17 | Trisomy 21 | Trisomy 13 | Pediatrics | null | 29060bc3-f08d-466b-a91a-828ee4ea8df1 | single |
Call exner bodies" are seen in : | Ans. is c i.e. Granulosa cell tumour Call exner bodies are small cyst like spaces found in cases of granulosa cell tumour. Feature Associated tumour Call exner bodies -Granulosa cell tumour Schiller duval bodies - Endodermal sinus tumor Reinke's crystal - Hilus cell tumour Psammoma bodies - Serous epithelial tumours Wa... | 3 | Dysgerminoma | Theca cell tumour | Granulosa cell tumour | Polyembryoma | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 1a215dee-8652-4c10-be8a-986c0d41c632 | multi |
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