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A child with pervasive developmental disorder will have all of the following except: | Ans. d. Impaired cognition (Ref. Kaplan 10th/1191-1197; Niraj Ahuja 7/ep163-165)According to DSM-V, intellectual disability should he ruled out prior to a diagnosis of pervasive developmental defects."The diagnostic category pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), as opposed to specific developmental disorders (SDD) i... | 4 | Stereotype behaviour | Reduced social interaction | Poor language skills | Impaired cognition | Psychiatry | Intellectual disability, communication, autism, and ADHD | aab3be04-0523-4014-9a96-0b9a58d1d572 | multi |
Low risk in carcinoma thyroid: 1. Men < 50 years 2. Women < 40 years 3. Papillary carcinoma < 5 cm 4. Metastasis 5. Follicular carcinoma > 5 cm | Low risk group in differential thyroid carcinoma: Men < 40 years & women < 50 years without distant metastasis All older patients with minor tumor < 5 cm in size and minor capsular involvement and no metastasis High Risk group in differential thyroid carcinoma: Distant metastasis All older patients patients with extra ... | 2 | 1,2 & 3 | 2 & 3 | 2,3 & 4 | All | Surgery | null | 4cbb305a-97c7-4244-8d5c-37430b870f4d | multi |
Carcinoma tongue is most common at - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Lateral border o MC site is middle of lateral border or the ventral aspect. | 1 | Lateral border | Dorsum | Posterior 1/3rd | Tip of tongue | Surgery | Oral Cavity | b0d59e79-14c0-427a-bc3f-caa4b2753e69 | single |
Which of the following ion is exchanged in the stomach for H+ secretion? | The unique characteristic of gastric secretion is its high concentration of hydrochloric acid, a product of the parietal cells. As the concentration of H+ rises during secretion, that of Na+ drops in a reciprocal fashion. K+ remains relatively constant at 5-10 meq/L. Chloride concentration remains near 150 meq/L, and g... | 2 | Na+ | K+ | Ca+ | Cl- | Physiology | null | 4a5e8e14-9e1f-4478-ba13-925d01089067 | single |
Treatment for the child with frequent tapeworm infestation | *The common tapeworms that infest children are Taenia solium and Taenia saginata. - diagnosis is by demonstration of ova or proglottidis in the stools. - treatment is by niclosamide or praziquantel. - the two effective anti cysticeral drugs are albendazole and praziquantel. Reference : Ghai essential pediatrics, 9 th e... | 4 | Albendazole | Niclosamide | Praziquantel | All | Pediatrics | Infectious disease | a7e6f1b4-6e2a-4c61-b485-34f4180cd7dd | multi |
Treatment of Acute Hyperkalemia -a) Ca gluconate givenb) Insulin & Glucose reduces hyperkaJemia within 4 hrsc) Dialysis not usefuld) Resin shows the response within minutese) IV NaHCO3 given | Resins show response within → 1-2 hr
Insulin + Glucose shows response within → 15-30 minutes
Ca gluconate shows response within → minutes (less than 5 minutes)
B2 adrenergic shows response within → 30 minutes
NaHCO3 shows response within → 30 minutes
Hemodialysis is the most effective and rapid nlav of lowerine plasm... | 3 | a | b | ae | ad | Medicine | null | d904d359-0e3a-494f-9765-164445f01100 | single |
The impoant feature of psoriasis is - | psoriasis:-chronic Inflammatory skin disease.Genetic predisposition. Psoriasis susceptibility 1 (PSORS1) is the most impoant susceptibility locus. Clinical features:-1. Classic lesion-Well defined erythematous plaque with a silvery white scales.2. Size varies from pin point papules to plaques.3. The scales are loosely ... | 2 | Crusting | Scaling | Oozing | Erythema | Dental | Papulosquamous disorders | 0f63a5cd-059a-45fd-8ac5-1dd041796bac | single |
A patient presents to the emergency depament with uniocular diplopia. Examination iwth oblique illunination shows golden crescent while examination with co-axial illumination show a dark crescent line. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis - | Presence of uniocular diplopia together with finding of golden crescent on oblique illumination (edge of subluxated lens) or black crecent line on coaxial illumination (edge of subluxated lens) suggests a diagnosis of 'subluxation' of the crystalline lens. Ectopic lentis refers to displacement of lens from its normal p... | 4 | Lenticonus | Coloboma | Microspherophakia | Ectopia lentis | Ophthalmology | Lens | 642a3ac2-1084-4afd-85cd-5c22c42da7f2 | single |
All are side effects of Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCPs) except: | Adverse effects of combined oral contraceptive Pills (OCPs) Beneficial effects of Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCPs) Cardiovascular effects : Myocardial infarction Cerebral thrombosis Venous thrombosis Hypeension Carcinogenesis: Cervical cancer Breast cancer Metabolic effects: Elevated blood pressure Altered lipi... | 2 | Breast cancer | Ovarian Cancer | Liver disease | Thromboembolism | Social & Preventive Medicine | Natural Methods, Barrier Methods, IUDs, OCPs | c309a7f6-91d5-48ce-bc38-43687a665de7 | multi |
Collar stud abscess occurs in | null | 1 | Cervical T.B. Lymphadenitis | Peri Tonsillar abscess | Pyogenic Lymphadenitis | Retro Pharyngeal abscess | Surgery | null | 08672c8f-3661-4bb1-9775-b3956faae721 | single |
1722. A patient presents with macroglossia and atrophy of tongue papilla. His Hb Is 11.5 and MCV is 100. What should be the next step in Investigating this patient ? | <p>Deficiency of vit B12 & folate presents with anemia(macrocytic megaloblastic anemia), glossitis(smooth,beefy,red tongue).Hb level will be below normal range & MCV wil be elevated.So this is a case of vit B 12 deficiency & next choice of investigation is serum Vit B12 assay. </p><p>Harsh mohan textbook of pathology s... | 1 | B12 estimation | Brush biopsy of the lesion | Fluconazole treatment | Incision biopsy | Medicine | Haematology | d96026ce-6670-426a-97cb-8fa27975cd71 | multi |
Which of the following is the most common pure. malignant germ cell tumor of the ovary? | null | 3 | Choriocarcinoma | Gonadoblastoma | Dysgerminoma | Malignant teratoma | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | baf7257f-8ace-4d74-81e8-d91a2f7c2667 | single |
What is the color-coding of bag in hospitals to dispose off human anatomical wastes such as body pas : | Human anatomical wastes such as human tissues, organs, and body pas are classified as Waste Category No. 1. They are disposed in plastic bags with a yellow color code and treated by Incineration or deep burial. Ref: Park's Textbook Of Preventive And Social Medicine By K. Park, 19th Edition, Page 649; Park's Textbook Of... | 1 | Yellow | Black | Red | Blue | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 6f480190-a7db-4529-be2d-3fa71fa9a27e | single |
The most severe form of Ehler Danlos syndrome is | Ehlers danlos syndrome *A genetic defect in the synthesis of fibrillar collagen*Of all the types, type IV (vascular type) is the most severe form as it involves internal organs*Common type - Type VI (kyphoscoliosis type) caused due to a defect in lysyl hydroxylase*Type VII - defect in type 1 collagen*Type IV - Defect i... | 3 | Type 1 | Type 8 | Type 4 | Type 2 | Pathology | General pathology | 06152a61-2aa0-40ec-9ce6-cdc1aa928f3b | single |
Infants constitute what % of population? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | b963be92-7f7b-4eab-9d07-dd50002193ea | single |
Primary role of T-Lymphocytes is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Delayed hypersensitivity | 2 | Antibody formation | Delayed hypersensitivity | Complement production | All of the above | Pathology | null | a2dab42c-4c55-4277-a9fc-0678b47d1148 | multi |
Pharyngo-esophageal reflux is monitored by: | Double probe pH monitoring - Pharyngo-esophageal reflux. Esophageal PH monitoring - GERD Barium esophagogram - Frequently performed to diagnose problems related to esophageal and pharynx that present with symptoms like dysphasia. Radionuclide scintigraphy - Radiotracer injected into vein that travels to specific organ ... | 2 | Esophageal pH monitoring | Double probe pH monitoring | Barium esophagogram | Radionuclide scintigraphy | Surgery | DNB 2018 | a530f011-89fd-4a5d-8c9a-620cf9de6eae | single |
Which of the following is the most common mutation in Ewing's sarcoma - | Ewing's sarcoma is typically characterized by a translocation t (11; 22) (q 24; q12) in up to 90% of patients. | 2 | Translocation X : 18 | Translocation 11; 22 | Activative mutation of G5alpha surface protein | Missense mutation in EXTI | Pathology | null | 9b8feba2-ac12-48b5-bf81-0d341e4d35a4 | single |
A 3 year old boy with normal developmental milestones with delayed speech and difficulty in communication and concentration. He is not making friends. Most probable diagnosis is – | Delayed speech, difficulty in communication and concentration in a 3 year old child suggests the diagnosis of autism.
Autism
Autism is a neurologic disroder characterized by -
Qualitative impairment in social interaction
Qualitative impairment in communication.
Restricted repetitive and streotyped patterns of behavi... | 1 | Autism | ADHD | Mental retardation | Specific learning disability | Pediatrics | null | f7c494e0-1725-444c-b985-9e93b5d5fe9d | single |
Among the following local anaesthetics, the one that is associated with vasoconstriction and mydriasis is: | Cocaine | 1 | Cocaine | Bupivacaine | Procaine | Lignocaine | Anaesthesia | null | 8c30baf3-6c20-4d5f-b894-d4e6133a78e3 | single |
One of your patients on examination was found to have macro orchidism. All the following conditions are associated with macro orchidism, EXCEPT: | Hypopituitarism is associated with micro orchidism. All the other conditions mentioned above are associated with macro orchidism. Also know Causes of micro orchidism Klinefelters syndrome Laurence - Moon biedl syndrome Hypopituitarism Rudimentary testes syndrome Ref: Meharban Singh, Edition 3, Page 110. | 3 | Fragile X syndrome | Hypothyroidism | Hypopituitarism | Idiopathic sexual precocity | Pediatrics | null | f987104d-b12e-48ca-ac1b-0fb41be1f32c | multi |
Tophus is the pathognomic lesion of which of the following condition - | Gout
Gout is the common endpoint of a group of disorders that produce hyperuricemia.
It is marked by transient attacks of acute arthritis initiated by crystallization of monosodium urate into the joints, leading eventually to chronic gouty arthritis and deposition of masses of urates in joints and other sites, creatin... | 3 | Multiple myeloma | Cystinosis | Gout | Eale's disease | Pathology | null | 35973051-096b-4b0f-8b09-cd7ea208aaa0 | single |
Neuropsychiatry symptoms are seen with which anti TB drug ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., INH Adverse effects of INH Peripheral neuritis (most common), hepatitis, optic neuritis & atrophy, seizure, ataxia, muscle twitching, toxic encephalopathy, psychoses, rashes, fever, ahralgia, acne, lupus like syndrome, hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficiency. Note: Most common antitubercular drug which is... | 1 | INH | Rifampicin | Pyrazinamide | Streptomycin | Pharmacology | null | 037bead8-d504-4608-a6de-f05c37256d98 | single |
Malaria parasites -a) Has man as its intermediate hostb) Has a life cycle that alternates between man and tse-tse flyc) Has 4 important species in mand) Can be easily cultured in the laboratory | null | 3 | a | bc | ac | b | Microbiology | null | a3e2093a-37ed-4620-af38-8ebfb7bbff23 | single |
Prevention of wound infection is done by :a) Pre op shavingb) Pre op antibiotic therapyc) Monofilament sutured) Wound apposition | About Pre-op shaving Bailey writes - "Pre-op shaving should be avoided except for aesthetic reasons or prevent adherence of dressing. If it is to be done, it should be undertaken immediately before surgery as there is a higher infection rate when it is performed the night before, because minor skin injury enhances supe... | 4 | abc | acd | ac | bcd | Surgery | null | bee8a237-6047-40f4-bacd-b0c0f97bd8ac | single |
What is FRC? | FUNCTIONAL RESIDUAL CAPACITY = ERV + RV The volume of air that remains in lungs at the end of normal expiration = 2300 ml | 1 | Volume present in lungs after normal expiration | Volume present in lungs after forceful expiration | Volume present in lungs after deep inspiration | Volume present in lungs after normal inspiration | Physiology | DNB 2018 | 6d2c4b8c-577f-4b92-afe0-2202c21830ea | single |
Function of mitochondrial DNA - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Encodes proteins of respiratory chain o Human mitochondria contain two to ten copies of a small circular double-stranded DNA molecule that makes up approximately 1% of total cellular DNA. The majority of the peptides in mitochondria (about 54 out of 67) are coded by nuclear genes. The rest are coded b... | 2 | Encodes proteins of cell membrane | Encodes proteins of respiratory chain | Helps in cell replication | Formation of rRNA | Biochemistry | Structure of DNA | e96d9400-9093-46c8-91ef-0fb6c3496401 | single |
All are features of haemolytic uremic syndrome, except: | Answer is D (Neuropsychiatric manifestations): Absence of neurological manifestations has been termed as a chracteristic essential diagnoistic feature for HUS in 'nT text. Hyperkalernia is a manifestation of Renal failure and hence appears justified. Essentials of diagnosis as mentioned in CM DT : - Microangiopathic he... | 4 | Hyperkalemia | Anaemia | Renal microthrombi | Neuropsychiatric disturbances | Medicine | null | 1d8ff431-cb7d-40f6-bcaa-8aeb746fd0b0 | multi |
All of the following drugs are useful in treatment of
hypertension except | null | 1 | Ephedrine | Reserpine | Methyldopa | Thiazole diuretics | Pharmacology | null | 537a75f5-3dbb-4026-827b-519fbaeb7d97 | multi |
Local anaesthesia causing methemoglobinemia – | Prilocaine and benzocaine can cause methemoglobinemia. | 2 | Procaine | Prilocaine | Etodicaine | Ropivacaine | Anaesthesia | null | 7eeca842-7150-4dc0-9173-ab4fa1afa79a | single |
A child aged 3 yrs, presented with severe sensorineural deafness was prescribed hearing aids, but showed no improvement. What is the next line of management: | Ans. is 'c' Cochlear implant Any person who fails to benefit from hearing aids in given , cochlear implant. Here the child does not benefit from hearing aid so he should be given cochlear implant.Note : Make sure that the patient is not prelingually deaf because Cochlear implants are not useful in prelingually deaf pat... | 3 | Fenestration surgery | Stapes mobilisation | Choclear implant | Conservative | ENT | Hearing Loss | 59badf12-c5d9-4790-9116-54c8c0237718 | single |
All are predisposing factors of Deep Vein thrombosis, except | Fragmented thrombi from DVTs are carried through progressively larger veins and the right side of the hea before slamming into the pulmonary aerial vasculature. Depending on the size of the embolus, it can occlude the main pulmonary aery, straddle the pulmonary aery bifurcation (saddle embolus), or pass out into the sm... | 4 | Cushing's syndrome | Hip surgery | Lower limb trauma | Subungual melanoma | Pathology | General pathology | 020f1816-d755-43b2-93e9-1176d439457b | multi |
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) screening is done in the following babies | Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) Screening is done in
Preterm babies < 32 weeks of gestation
Babies with birth weight < 1.5 kg
Preterm babies of 32 - 34 weeks of gestation
Babies with birth weight 1.5 - 2 kg
Preterm babies of 32-34 weeks and babies with birth weight 1.5-2kg should have had bad neonatal course like:... | 2 | Preterm < 34 weeks of gestation | Preterm of 33 weeks of gestation who required mechanical ventilation | Babies with birth weight < 1.8 kg | Babies with birth weight < 2 kg | Pediatrics | null | 10285f15-d722-4df7-bf62-39d8e05e7426 | single |
A 56-year-old diabetic woman has recently been treated with a 2-week course of antibiotics for a skin infection. She returns to the clinic for follow-up with a new complaint of a "cottage cheese-like" vaginal discharge with significant vaginal itching. The most likely cause of these symptoms is | C. albicans is a major cause of vulvovaginitis. Patient presents with " cottage - cheese like" vaginal discharge. C. granulomatis causes granuloma inguinale. Chancroid results in painful genital ulcers and is caused by the organism H. ducreyi. HSV type 2 can cause genital vesicular lesions. N. meningitidis can cause me... | 2 | C. granulomatis. | C. albicans. | Chancroid. | Neisseria meningitidis. | Pathology | Female genital Tract | d0eb33a7-526e-4852-bfc3-b706c70febb7 | single |
Which of the following is false about elongation of cervix ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., It is uncommon for the gland to elongate beyond 5cmsElongation of the CervixIn this condition the supravaginal poion of the cervix is well suppoed by Mackenrodt ligaments but the vaginal poion of the cervix prolapses with the vagina so the supravaginal poion gets stretched and elongated.This usually h... | 3 | The supravaginal poion is stretched and elongated | Usually associated with second and third degree prolapse of uterus | It is uncommon for the gland to elongate beyond 5cms | It is invariably associated with retroveed uterus | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 3de21c1d-7442-4d8d-aae9-1a7ee7e03553 | multi |
Most common primary bone tumour in adult bone is: March 2011 | Ans. B: Osteogenic sarcoma Of the primary bone malignancies, multiple myeloma is the commonest Osteosarcoma is the second most common, and a highly malignant primary bone tumour Osteosarcoma: Metaphyseal MC site: Lower end of femur Sunburst appearance Codman's triangle Pa:ient may present with metastasis to lungs Treef... | 2 | Chondrosarcoma | Osteogenic sarcoma | Adamantinoma | Ewings sarcoma | Surgery | null | 05833e5b-1666-4af6-8fc7-3d8ce6ff239c | single |
Profound MR the IQ is below | Just learn the IQ ranges | 3 | 50 | 40 | 20 | 10 | Anatomy | All India exam | c7341768-4e3f-4beb-9de2-6392448109be | single |
A 14-year-old boy complains of a 4-month history of fatigue, abdominal pain, and yellowing of his eyes and skin. Physical examination shows tremor of both hands, lack of coordination, and mild jaundice. An ophthalmic examination reveals Kayser-Fleischer rings. Degenerative changes are present in which of the following ... | Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive condition in which excess copper may deposit in the liver and brain. Chronic hepatitis leads to cirrhosis in young people. Ocular lesions, so-called Kayser-Fleischer rings, represent deposition of copper in Descemet membrane in the iris. Lack of coordination and tremor (extrapyr... | 2 | Cerebellum | Corpus striatum | Paraventricular white matter | Pons | Pathology | Central Nervous System | 3614fa52-227d-4d6f-aa9a-651212649375 | multi |
Granulation tissue is replaced by connective tissue in? | null | 3 | 7 days | 14 days | 21 days | 1 month | Dental | null | 437e9f16-d177-4a40-a16f-24ba9f5fb82d | single |
All of the following statements regarding bronchial cysts are true except-a) Seen in mediastinumb) 50-70% occur in lungc) Are commonly infectedd) Multilocular | null | 3 | abc | acd | bcd | bd | Surgery | null | 6f66495a-b3f6-408c-bad3-0b6b9cf2850f | multi |
Amoebae not found in human intestine: | Ans. d. E. gingivalis | 4 | E. histolytica | E. colt | E. nana | E. gingivalis | Microbiology | null | 8c40d74a-df48-4423-a94c-2eb1ef39aa7f | single |
Hanging cast is used in | Refer Maheshwari 6th/e 94 Most of the closed fractures can be treated by hanging cast from shoulder to wrist with the elbow flexed to 90 degree Other methods of conservative Treatment areU-slab,chest arm bandage and functional castbrace | 4 | Femur | Radius | Tibia | Humerus | Anatomy | General anatomy | 33734b3f-2817-4407-8888-8014d50e97c4 | single |
BCG is used in tumour therapy - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Bladder | 1 | Bladder | Stomach | Oesophagus | Colon | Surgery | null | bca87516-c7fd-4578-ba0d-a57644ca37f2 | single |
Which type of dysmenorrhea has cramping pain staing at the onset of mensus and more pronounced in the first two days of menstruation? | Cramping pain at the onset of mensus and more pronounced in the first two days of menstruation is suggestive of spasmodic dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is defined as cramping pain accompanying menstruation. It can be classified as: A.Etiological: Primary dysmenorrhoea: This is not associated with any idendifiable pelvic p... | 2 | Congestive dysmenorrhoea | Spasmodic dysmenorrhoea | Membranous dysmenorrhea | All of the following | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Disorders of menstruation | 96f7ecf7-28b1-4ae3-ab11-c7d9d1f83f92 | multi |
Teichoic acid is present in | null | 1 | Cell wall of Gram positive organisms | Cell wall of Gram negative organisms | Cytoplasm of Gram positive organisms | Cytoplasm of Gram negative organisms | Microbiology | null | 0c32b355-123c-4f4d-8848-a08af2842938 | multi |
Ultrasonogrsphy of umbilical aery is done to know about | A i.e. Hea beat USG of umbilical aery is done to know about hea beatQ. | 1 | Hea beat | Gastational age | Fetalweight | Fetal maturity | Radiology | null | f23e7490-e8ef-4cc2-b3ac-287a992a969a | single |
All of the following are true regarding Laryngitis sicca except | ATROPHIC LARYNGITIS (LARYNGITIS SICCA) It is caused by Klebsiella ozaena. It is characterized by atrophy of laryngeal mucosa and crust formation. Condition is often seen in women and is associated with atrophic rhinitis and pharyngitis. clinical features:- Common symptoms include hoarseness of voice which temporarily i... | 4 | Also known as laryngitis atrophica | Common in women | Caused by Klebsiella ozaena | Caused by Rhinosporodium | ENT | Larynx | 2adc6d0b-228a-4874-9960-9e6f8ed55c23 | multi |
Which interleukin is called multi - CSF | IL - 3 acts as multi - CSF. | 3 | IL - 1 | IL - 2 | IL - 3 | IL - 6 | Microbiology | null | 02dbe098-24ae-4e27-9b58-bb45764b4efc | multi |
A 25 year old infeile male underwent semen analysis. Results show : sperm count - 15 million/ml ; pH - 7.5 ; volume - 2 ml ; no agglutination is seen. Morphology shows 60% normal and 60% motile sperms. Most likely diagnosis is : | Oligospermia The Semen Analysis of the patient shows : Sperm count is 15 million/ml. PH = 7.5 Volume = 2 ml Morphology = 60% normal Normal should be at least 20 million/ml i.e. this patient is oligospermic (N = > 7.2) N = at least 2 ml N = 50% Normal Morphology So, all criteria are normal except sperm count (to be spec... | 2 | Normospermia | Oligospermia | Azoospermia | Aspermia | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | a2b22c0d-5cae-4472-8dd8-9c8aff85f9c7 | single |
Different sequence of amino acids having similarstructure of proteins is an example of | Convergence [Ref: Divergence and convergence are two evolutionary processes by which organisms become adapted to their Convergence has been defined as the acquisition of morphologically similar traits between distinctly unrelated environments. organisms. Convergence occurs at every level of biological organization. Fun... | 2 | Divergence | Convergence | Oppounistic | Incidental | Biochemistry | null | 3a7ac283-6691-49cd-ae89-90cbea9a58b3 | single |
A patient presents with mediastinal mass with sheets of epithelial cells giving arborizing pattern of reactivity alongwith interspersed lympoid cells. The apt diagnosis would be - | A thymoma is a tumor originating from the epithelial cells of the thymus that may be benign or malignant. Thymomas are frequently associated with the neuromuscular disorder myasthenia gravis;thymoma is found in 20% of patients with myasthenia gravis. Once diagnosed, thymomas may be removed surgically | 1 | Thymoma | Thymic carcinoid | Primary mediastinal lymphoma | Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | Pathology | Haematology | 9bec300e-5b51-49cd-ba97-502b09b13497 | single |
In a case-control study of a suspected association between breast cancer and the contraceptive pill, all of the following are true statements except- | null | 4 | The control should come from a population that has the same potential for breast cancer as the cases | The control should exclude women known to be taking the pill at the time of the survey | All the controls need to be healthy | The attributable risk of breast cancer resulting from the pill may be directly measured | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | d28d64ec-157f-4c60-9224-929a8f52368c | multi |
Cardiotoxicity of bupivacaine - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Depressed pacemaker activity o Local anaesthetics block cardiac sodium channels and thus depress abnormal cardiac pacemaker activity, excitability, and conduction. At extremely high concentrations, local anaesthetics can also block calcium channels. | 1 | Depressed pacemaker activity | Toxic compound damaging myocardial cells | Depressed neural control on hea | Vascular thrombosis and Myocardial ischemia | Pharmacology | null | f27ff32b-b945-4fb6-b735-8a888a4760a0 | single |
Delta-sign is seen in - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sigmoid sinus thrombosiso Contrast-enhanced CT scan can show sinus thrombosis by typical delta-sign. It is a triangular area with rim enhancement, and central low density area is seen in posterior cranial fossa on axial cuts.o Delta-sign may also be seen on contrast enhanced MRI.Lateral sinus thrombos... | 3 | Petrositis | Acute mastoiditis | Sigmoid sinus thrombosis | Glomus tumor | ENT | CSOM and its Complications | f0341f6f-74c7-4633-9567-a6ca17f925ac | single |
A young patient presenting with massive hematemesis was found to have splenomegaly. In this case the most likely source of bleeding is: | Answer is B (Esophagus varices) 'Massive haematemesis in the background of splenomegaly suggests variceal bleed due to poal hypeension.' | 2 | Duodenal ulcer | Esophageal varices | Erosive mucosal disease | Gastric ulcer | Medicine | null | ff06e0a5-414a-4cc2-af05-4b82803d7686 | single |
Which of these can cause hypocalcemia: | B i.e. CalcitoninCalcitonin, a hormone secreted by parafollicular cells or C cellQ of thyroid gland, lowers the serum calcium levelQ. Effect of Hormone on Calcium & Phosphate LevelHormoneSerum CalciumSerum phosphateVit DIncreasesQIncreaseQPTHIncreasesQDecreaseQCalcitoninDecreasesQDecreaseQ | 2 | Thyroxine | Calcitonin | Calcitonin | Choloecalciferol | Physiology | null | 0e4eda90-3a5c-4f11-a5ac-49c99eb9190c | single |
Which of the following local anesthetic is metabolized by liver | All of the above drugs belong to ester group of local anesthetics. All ester are metabolized in plasma except cocaine which is metabolized in liver. | 2 | Procaine | Cocaine | Benzocaine | Chlorprocaine | Pharmacology | null | 37327128-74b8-4f7c-827b-fa6536e7721b | single |
If the cemental overgrowth improves the functional quality of cementum, known as: | null | 1 | Cemental hypertrophy | Cemental hypoplasia | Cemental hyperplasia | null | Dental | null | b712078d-a8fd-4ec3-844d-52954a2cf178 | multi |
Posterior capsular cataract is treated by which laser? | Ans. (d) Nd YAGRef: Khurana 4/ey p 431 | 4 | Argon laser | CO2 laser | Excimer | Nd YAG | Ophthalmology | Surgical Techniques for Cataract Extraction | 9370c2e4-bdbc-442d-aa42-442a5bc112d3 | single |
Commonest location for craniopharyngioma is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Suprasellar | 2 | Intrasellar | Suprasellar | Intraventricular | Intracerebral | Pediatrics | null | 2b779d04-f0f9-4d05-bc0e-0b08870e50f6 | single |
The middle cardiac vein is located in the? | The middle cardiac vein commences at the apex of the hea; ascends in the posterior longitudinal sulcus, and ends in the coronary sinus near its right extremity. | 2 | Anterior interventricular sulcus. | Posterior interventricular sulcus. | Posterior AV groove. | Anterior AV groove. | Anatomy | null | 977913c9-1c7d-453d-9aa3-cf414cecdc0b | single |
In terminal illness, care to provide painless shoening of life is termed as: AFMC 11 | Ans. Palliative care | 1 | Palliative care | Passive euthanasia | Physician-assisted suicide | Active euthanasia | Forensic Medicine | null | 86e599e7-b09c-4afc-bac1-b13dccc90424 | multi |
Which of the following investigations are essential before cervical cerclage is performed? | Ans. is d, i.e. Perform an ultrasound scan for fetal abnormalities and screen for aneuploidy Before answering the question lets discuss a few details on cervical cerclage surgery.Nomenclature for cerclage applicationOld (1999)New (2007)Prophylactic, electiveHistory indicatedTherapeutic, salvageUltrasound indicatedRescu... | 4 | Estimate C-reactive protein levels | Perform a white cell count | Perform a transvaginal ultrasound scan to assess the cervical length and exclude funnelling | Perform an ultrasound scan for fetal abnormalities and screen for aneuploidy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Normal Labour | c0feba02-b74c-4149-b3cf-7956fc5f4635 | single |
Which one of the following is not a mydriatic? | Pilocarpin is a miotic by acting on iris sphincter muscle. Pilocarpine is a parasympathomimetic drug. It is a non-selective muscarinic receptor agonist in the parasympathetic nervous system, which acts at the muscarinic acetyl choline receptor M3. It also acts on ciliary muscles to open up trabecular meshwork, hence in... | 1 | Pilocarpin | Atropine | Homatropine | Tropicamide | Ophthalmology | null | de02a458-354e-49ee-9ba0-3a93dc731ee1 | single |
At what gestational age should a pregnancy with cholestasis of pregnancy be terminated | 38 weeks Historically obstetric cholestasis was thought to be benign disease. Biochemical abnormalities and pruritus in obstetric cholestasis persists until delivery following which resolution occurs. - Pruritus usually improves within 1 week liver function tests returns to normal in 3-7 days in the majority and 4-6 we... | 3 | 34 weeks | 36 weeks | 38 weeks | 40 weeks | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 5b263ae8-5a6e-4255-9784-730db66aa6a4 | single |
The method used for acid-fast staining - | Acid-fast staining
After staining with aniline dye, acid-fast organisms resist decolourisation with acids.
The method most commonly used is modified Ziehl Neelsen. | 2 | Robertson’s method | Ziehl Neelsen | Silver impregnation method | Dark ground illumination | Microbiology | null | 5e3e1f1e-9e1b-40b5-a4c6-24cbf0afb14b | single |
Most common complication, of talus fracture is | Ans. is 'd' Avascular Necrosis Avascular necrosis of the talar body, resulting from interruption of the precarious vascular supply to the talus, is the most dreaded late complication after talar neck fractures. The risk of developing avascular necrosis in a Hawkins type I fracture is only 0% to 15%, since only the bloo... | 4 | Avascular necrosis | Non union | Osteoarthritis of ankle joint. | Osteoarthritis of subtalar joint. | Orthopaedics | Injuries of the Foot | efd80ac7-89dc-4dfd-ac10-68a9cd63d6bd | single |
Which of the following is the anaesthetic agent of choice in renal failure? | Isoflurane is the anaesthetic drug of choice in renal failure. It is useful in all degrees of renal impairment. Due to minimal hepatic metabolism resulting in very low levels of inorganic fluorides and because of its low cardiac arrythmogenicity isoflurane is an ideal agent for patients with renal failure. Ref: Drug Do... | 1 | Isoflurane | Enflurane | Methoxyflurane | None of the above | Anaesthesia | null | 5b6b753d-280e-4e04-b607-4a04c11013e7 | multi |
Type of enzyme inhibition in which Vmax remains the same but Km is increased - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Competitive Type of inhibitorKmVmaxReversible inhibbitor o Competitiveo Non-competitiveo UncompititiveIncreasedNo effectDecreasedNo effectDecreasedDecreasedIrrversible inhibitor (same as reversible competitive)No effectDecreased | 2 | Non-competitive | Competitive | Allosteric | null | Biochemistry | Enzyme Kinetics | 3f8825c3-735b-44b1-8a54-3142bbf01000 | multi |
What type of anemia is seen in B12 deficiency: | Macrocytic anemia - In it RBC's are larger in size than their normal size Causes:- -Vitamin B12 deficiency -Folic acid deficiency -Alcoholism WITH REGARD TO OTHER OPTIONS: Normocytic anemia (option a):Causes of normocytic anemia include acute blood loss, apoplastic anemia (bone marrow failure), haemolytic anemia (abnor... | 2 | Normocytic | Macrocytic | Microcytic | Dimorphic | Biochemistry | Vitamins and Minerals | d426810d-4800-40ca-9b90-39da41bf5993 | single |
The pneumatisation process in maxillary sinus completes in? | null | 4 | 6-8 years | 13-14 years | 8-10 years | 18-20 years | Anatomy | null | 05daef2a-2c7b-42fb-9a28-7ebe20829676 | single |
The genotype of a person with blood group 'A' should be: | D i.e. AO- Highly immunogenic ABO blood group antigen is due to complex oligosaccharide (glycoprotein) found on RBC membrane. It is inherited as medelian autosomal dominantsQ.- ABO blood group system remains the most impoant blood group system in clinical practice because ABO antibodies are invariably present in plasma... | 4 | CO | BO | AB | AO | Physiology | null | 05c02263-8b69-4569-a247-e49afca395ab | single |
Stem cells are? | Ans. is A Labile o Based on their proliferative and regenerative capacity, cells are divided into:- 1) Labile cells (continuously dividing cells) or intermitotic cells # These cells have capacity to proliferate and regenerate throughout the life. They always remain in cell cycle and have very short Go-phase (quiescentp... | 1 | Labile | Stable | Permanent | null | Pathology | Cell and Tissue Regeneration | 0e3f821a-9bd5-4588-a306-21bcfea178f2 | multi |
Poal vein is related to all except : | B. i.e. Gall Bladder | 2 | Pancreas | Gall bladder | Inf. vena cava | CBD | Anatomy | null | f13a5cdd-6b7a-4583-a029-dfa5f15eca96 | multi |
Microscopic examination of articular surface of a synovial joint demonstrates? | ANSWER: (A) Hyaline cartilageREF: Basic histology, Carlos & Jose, 11th edition, Chapter 7, Cartilage, Textbook of human histology 4th e p. 92-94See APPENDIX-2 below for "Types of cartilage" APPENDIX - 2Types of Cartilages Hyaline CartilageElastic CartilageFibrocatilageCompositionType II collagenChondroitin sulfateType ... | 1 | Hyaline cartilage | Adipocytes | Endothelial cells | Periosteum | Anatomy | Cartilage and Bone | de9e1942-624a-42bc-b4c7-55a1a3118940 | single |
Rate limiting step in urea cycle is | UREA CYCLE: STEP 1 :One molecule of ammonia condenses with CO2 in presence of two molecules of ATP to form carbamoyl phosphate.It is the rate limiting step in urea formation. STEP 2 :Formation of Citrulline: The carbamoyl group is transferred to the NH2 group of ornithine by ornithine transcarbamoylase. STEP 3:Formatio... | 3 | Arginase | Arginosuccinase | Carbomyl-phosphate synthase | Ornithine transcarbamylase | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids | 23fe0a25-c07f-44aa-8865-0535d87b84e0 | multi |
Grade III malnutrition according to TAP is – | Indian Academy of paediatrics (IAP) classification of malnutrition is based on weight for age.
IAP designates a weight of more than 80% of expected for age as normal.
Grades of malnutrition are -
Grade I → 71-80%
Grade II → 61-70%
Grade III → 51-61%
Grade IV → ≤ 50% | 2 | 50% | 51–60 % | 61–80% | 81–100% | Pediatrics | null | 61776c2f-f20d-4494-9f79-45362b0988a2 | single |
Most severe pain in ureteric stone is seen in cases of? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Oxalate stones | 1 | Oxalate stones | Triple phosphate | Cystine stone | Uric acid stone | Surgery | null | 5c6c5a56-737f-4cc6-a60a-e76fd0676e60 | single |
Conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine is hampered in - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Phenylketonuria o Phenylketonuria is characterized by inability of oxidation of phenylalanine into tyrosine.Phenylketonuriao It is an inborn metabolism of phenylalanine, in which there is inability of oxidation of phenylalanine into tyrosine. There is defective function ofphenylalanine hydroxylase, wh... | 1 | Phenylketonuria | Alkaptonuria | Maple syrup disease | Tyrosinemia | Biochemistry | Amino Acid Metabolic Disorder | 705a2343-b52d-4db1-9ed6-68540bb4a66b | single |
Calculate positive predictive value of ELISA test for HIV with sensitivity 99%, specificity 99%. Prevalence of HIV in population is 5/1000 | null | 3 | 10 | 70 | 34 | 99 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 6d1ad12c-25c3-4a7d-acc4-b40ec18731c4 | single |
Intrauterine insemination means implantation of: | Intrauterine insemination is placement of 0.3mL of washed processed and concentrated sperms (devoid of seminal plasma)/semen into the intrauterine cavity by transcervical catheterization. | 2 | Semen | Washed semen | Million of sperm | Fertilized ova | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 15bcf945-2c78-4e74-a638-42e3a478219b | single |
Period of cornmunicability of measles is- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 4 days before and 5 days after appearance of rashes t Ref: Park 24th/e p. 157; Community Medicine with Recent by Suryakantha 4th/e p. 328]Chicken pox : 1 - 2 days before to 4 - 5 days after appearance of rash.Measles : 4 days before to 5 days after appearance of rash.Rubella : 7 days before symptoms t... | 4 | 3 days before and 10 days after appearance of rashes | 3 weeks after appearance of rashes | I week before appearance of rashes | 4 days before and 5 days after appearance of rashes | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 3bb3c474-2873-4fe8-8ca8-5a2db4cef0a5 | single |
Who is known as 'First True Epidemiologist' in history of medicine? | Ans. (b) HippocratesHIPPOCRATES:* Also known as: Father of Medicine, First True Epidemiologist* Wrote book: Air, Water and PlacesALSO REMEMBER* James Lind gave the concept that Citrus fruits can prevent/cure Scurvy (Later found to be due to deficiency of Vitamin-C/ Ascorbic Acid)* Joseph Lister is also known as 'Father... | 2 | John Snow | Hippocrates | James Lind | Joseph Lister | Social & Preventive Medicine | Miscellaneous | 07ec728f-2341-4221-9fb0-b284994651b8 | multi |
Drugs which can be used to treat mania in ICU are all except: | null | 2 | Carbamazepine | Lithium | Diazepam | Lorazeparn | Pharmacology | null | 336b7c69-0e7e-4ec7-9931-71325956f23a | multi |
What structure passes through rotater interval | Rotator interval is gap betweem supraspinatus and subscapulasis tendon.
Coracdhumeral ligament passes through it. | 3 | Long head of Biceps tendon | Long head of Triceps tendon | Coracohumeral ligament | Short head of Biceps tendon | Orthopaedics | null | 98e2bb2d-7cc3-448a-a32d-f23f5895fa9f | single |
Thrombocytopenia is not seen in: | Answer is A (H. S. Purpura) | 1 | H.S. purpura | DIC | Leukemia | Metastasis | Medicine | null | e56da117-7fc3-4d50-9a6d-e9b59761a246 | single |
The absolute refractory period of an action potential is due to: | null | 4 | Insufficient neurotransmitter | Depletion of intracellular Na+ | Inactivation of Na+ K+ ATPase | Voltage inactivation of the Na+ channel | Physiology | null | 14876fd0-b7fa-43ee-b80f-89259848d536 | single |
Shanti, aged 27 yrs presented with complaints of difficulty in reading near print. There is ptosis and diplopic in all directions. She is having? | B i.e. Myasthenia gravis | 2 | III CN palsy | Myasthenia gravis | Presbyopia | VI CN palsyBasal cell carcinoma | Ophthalmology | null | 4bdc0a9e-9852-4c84-82e3-45949888a5f2 | multi |
Injury to the Ulnar nerve at the wrist causes paralysis of - | In low ulnar nerve palsy
- Adducttion of thumb is lost
- Ulnar claw hand
- Medial one and half fingers sensory loss
- Clumsy grip
- Loss of flexion at metacarpophalangeal joints. | 3 | Apposition of the thumb | Abduction of the carpo-metacarpal joint of the thumb | Adduction of the thumb | Flexion of the MCP joint of the middle finger | Anatomy | null | f50e45c7-c507-4b9b-b829-3529addc5bb4 | single |
Familial hypercholesterolemia is associated with | A positive correlation exists between the incidence of atherosclerosis and the plasma concentration of LDL cholesterol. The LDL (apoB-100, E) receptor is defective in familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic condition which blood LDL cholesterol levels are increased, causing premature atherosclerosis.Ref: Harper&;s Bio... | 2 | Liver cirrhosis | Premature atherosclerosis | Nephrotic syndrome | Pancreatitis | Biochemistry | Structure and function of protein | c9845397-c612-487d-b94c-44debc19f745 | single |
False regarding larvae of anopheles ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Long siphon tube | 1 | Long siphon tube | Parallel to water | Palmate hairs | None of the above | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 5cdcc9eb-8b37-413c-bfad-738842c1ba90 | multi |
Which of the following carries fast pain? | Ans. a (Ad fibres) (Ref. Ganong 23rd/ Table 4-1; pg.167)# Fast pain is mediated by Ad fibers and causes sharp, localized sensation.0# Slow pain is mediated by C fibers and causes a dull, intense, diffuse, and unpleasant feeling.0PAIN# Pain impulses are transmitted via lightly myelinated Ad and unmyelinated C fibers.# C... | 1 | AS fibres | Ap fibres | Aa fibres | C fibres | Physiology | Nervous System | 2a72c8f6-51de-4fc8-a365-a54fd8d34fbd | single |
Health assistant should make repos of bihs and deaths occurring in their area every: September 2011 | Ans. B: Week Common job functions for the health assistants (male and female) include collecting and compiling the weekly repos of bihs and deaths occurring in their areas and submitting them to the MO PHC. | 2 | Day | Week | Month | Year | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 5d34d896-1f5c-4f8d-ba0f-3f2aa814e499 | single |
What are the three cranial nerves that are at risk during the removal of submandibular salivary gland? | Marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve, lingual nerve & hypoglossal nerve are at risk during the removal of submandibular salivary gland due to their close relation with the gland. Three cranial nerves (CNs) are at risk during removal of the submandibular gland: 1 the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve;... | 4 | Marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and spinal accessory nerve | Lingual nerve, marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve & spinal accessory nerve | Hypoglossal nerve, facial nerve & glossopharyngeal nerve | Marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve, lingual nerve & hypoglossal nerve | Surgery | Salivary Glands | fc68c9af-b78a-4b52-aff0-70736bf862d0 | single |
Which of the following is False regarding H.Pylori infection | Ans. is 'a' i.e with chronic infection urease breath test becomes negative The urease breath test does not become negative after chronic infection it becomes negative after treatment. | 1 | With chronic infection urease breath test become negative | H.Pylori infection remain lifelong if untreated | Endoscopy is diagnostic | Toxigenic strains usually causes ulcer | Medicine | Bacteriology | a961e9e0-fd9d-4848-b30b-d6564339911b | multi |
Donovan bodies are seen in | Klebsiella (formerly Calymmatobacterium) granulomatis, the causative agent of this hard, granulomatous, proliferating lesionHistologic demonstration of intracellular "Donovan bodies" in biopsy material most frequently suppos the clinical impression. Jawetz 27e pg: 761 | 1 | Leishmania donovani | Klebsiella granulomatis | Legionella pnemophilia | Morexella catarrhalis | Microbiology | parasitology | 9a55c47e-94c7-4fac-83fb-b5dfff33ace9 | single |
True about mumps vaccine | Widely used live attenuated mumps vaccines include the Jeryl-Lynn, RIT 4385, Leningrad-3, L-Zagreb and Urabe strains. A single dose(0.5ml) produces antibodies in 95% of vacinees. Ref: 25th edition, Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, Page no. 166 | 2 | Killed vaccine | 95% efficacy | Only one dose is given | Not combined with any other vaccine | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology | 1d273f24-3701-48db-8ce3-b3625037bb17 | multi |
An HIV-positive patient with a viral load of 100,000 copies/mL of HIV RNA and a drop in his CD4 T-cell count from 240 to 50mL has been diagnosed with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Which of the following is the best description of the stage of this patient's HIV disease? | Current criteria for HIV infection require a positive result from an HIV antibody screening test confirmed by a positive result from a western blot or indirect immunofluorescence assay for HIV antibodies; or a positive result or report of a detectable quantity of HIV nucleic acid, HIV p24 antigen, or HIV isolation ( st... | 3 | HIV infection, stage 1 | HIV infection, stage 2 | HIV infection, stage 3 (AIDS) | HIV infection, stage unknown | Microbiology | Virology | e2c1b557-7332-4a6a-a8e3-c763c0481bf2 | single |
Carcinoembryonic antigen is associated with | null | 4 | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Medullary carcinoma of thyroid | Serninoma | Carcinoma of colon | Surgery | null | e6c23d7d-7b96-402d-b517-245fcf798de3 | single |
Which of the following is not a Pox virus? | PoxvirusesGenusVirusPrimary HostDiseaseOhopoxvirus1. VariolaHumansSmallpox 2. VacciniaHumansFor smallpox vaccination3. CowpoxCowsRare in Humans4. MonkeypoxMonkeysRare in HumansMolluscipoxvirusMolluscum contagiosumHumansBenign skin nodulesParapoxvirus1. Orf2. Pseudocowpox3. Bovine papular stomatitisSheepCowsRare in Huma... | 4 | Cow pox | Molluscum contagiosum | Small pox | Chicken pox | Microbiology | Virology | 3e064d3d-810b-4173-95dc-252172bc6cbc | multi |
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