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Bernoulli's principle states | Ans. (a) Sum of kinetic energy of flow and pressure energy is constantRef: Ganong, 25th ed/p.571Velocity of blood flow (kinetic energy) and the pressure (potential energy) are interrelated by the Bernoulli's principleBernoulli's principle#States that "The sum of the kinetic energy of flow and the potential energy--is c... | 1 | Sum of kinetic energy of flow and pressure energy is constant | Low tones producing maximal stimulation at apex of cochlea | Magnitude of the sensation felt is proportionate to the intensity of stimulus | Force of contraction is proportional to the stretch of cardiac muscle | Physiology | Heart, Circulation, and Blood | 6db89580-4985-4093-bc59-e81da957b943 | single |
True about use of anticonvulsants and OCPs in epileptic patient is all except | Metabolic interactions between anticonvulsants and combined hormonal contraceptives usually do not result in increased seizure activity except for Lamotrigine. | 3 | OCPs may reduce efficacy of anticonvulsants | Those on Lamotrigine monotherapy, combined OCPs are not recommended | Their metabolic interactions usually increase seizure activity | OCPs containing atleast 30ug ethinyl estradiol should be used | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 8980b7e3-3ebf-4fe5-8bfa-300154813f0b | multi |
Hunt Hess scale is used to grade manifestations of - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Subarachnoid hemorrhage Subarachnoid hemorrhage:* The clinical state of a patient suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage is highly predictive of the therapeutic outcome.* A grading system has therefore been developed to document the severity of patient's disease in order to guide therapy and prognosti... | 1 | Subarachnoid hemorrhage | Meningioma | Hydrocephalus | Tuberculous meningitis | Surgery | Nervous System | 179b4288-2815-409b-96bf-d89a24ecd3a0 | single |
Effective leprosy control programme may be indicated by all of the following except – | Evaluation off programme:
There are two main types of indicators in leprosy control
a) Operational indicators
These are related to case-finding, treatment, relapses & disabilities for e.g.
Relapse rate - One of the best indicators of the efficacy of drug regimen
Case detection ratio - No. of cases registered / no. ... | 1 | Increasing number of children affected | Decreased grade 2 disability | Low MDR resistant, multibacillary cases | High new case detection rate | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 054c188e-4368-4416-880b-23e5ccb8a052 | multi |
All are actions of cholecystokinin except: | Ans. A. Increase gastrin secretionActions of CCK CONTRACTION OF GALLBLADDERSECRETION OF PANCREATIC JUICEInhibits gastric emptyingExerts atrophic effect on the pancreasIncreases the secretion of enterokinaseAugments the action of secretin in producing secretion of an alkaline pancreatic juiceEnhances the motility of sma... | 1 | Increase gastrin secretion | Increase lower esophageal sphincter pressure | Stimulation of pancreatic enzyme | Stimulation of gallbladder | Physiology | G.I.T. | 903f4832-bad0-424e-8961-95acacac3087 | multi |
Which drug inhibits absorption of cholesterol from intestine?(DNB 2012-section-1) | Ans. (b) EzetimibeRef'.Harrison's 18/e, ch 356 | 2 | Resins | Ezetimibe | Niacin | Orlistat | Pharmacology | Hypolipidemic | 2e5d667e-eef9-4860-9253-6f456c1e689b | single |
Hypochloremia, hypokalemia and alkalosis are seen in | Biochemical abnormality in congenital hyperophic pyloric stenosis is a regular feature of AIIMS and AI examinations it has been repeated several times. The biochemical abnormalities seen are: Hypokalemia Hypochloremia Alkalosis and Paradoxical aciduria Ref : Schwaz 9/e p59 | 2 | Hirschsprung's disease | Congenital hyperophic pyloric stenosis | Esophageal atresia | Jejunal atresia | Anatomy | General surgery | 5bb05983-c2d5-4fd4-bef5-907ec9b1c326 | single |
Which of the following lymphomas is associated with HTLV virus infection? | HTLV 1 causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma | 3 | Burkitt's lymphoma | B-Cell lymphoma | Adult T cell leukemia and lymphoma | Hodgkin's disease | Pathology | Hematology: White Blood Cells (Miscellaneous questions) | aab036a6-1a30-4907-82eb-f5730bad09cc | single |
In a blast injury , which of the following organ is least involved | Primary blast injuries result from the rapid overpressure or shock waves produced by an explosion* These injuries result from the dramatic changes in barometric pressure projected from the point of detonation* Primary blast injuries predominantly cause damage to air filled hollow organs of the body from rapid pressure ... | 3 | Lungs | Eardrum | Liver | GI tract | Surgery | Trauma | a9cf3125-9ffb-47ab-97eb-b045d11b2767 | single |
Which of the following toure techniques are known by the term 'Telefono'? | Bell (campana): a method of toure leaving no external marks in which a person's head is placed within a pail or other metal container which is then struck repeatedly, causing sudden loud sounds and reverberations Buzzer (chicharra): a method of toure in which the person is repeatedly shocked through wires or other cond... | 2 | Beating the soles of feet with a rod | Both ears are clapped | Repeatedly shocked through wires | Tying of a plastic bag over head | Forensic Medicine | null | b141fd57-7535-4209-9e95-ea42b6bdc6f6 | multi |
Runt's disease is associated with | GVHD Robbins, 7 edition, Page 222 * Runt's disease: is a pathological condition in which cells from the transplanted tissue of a donor initiate an immunologic attack on the cells and tissue of the recipient Complications of small bowel transplantation: * Most of the moality after bowel transplantation is due to sepsis ... | 3 | Acute rejection | Hyperacute rejection | GVHD | Chronic rejection | Surgery | null | 6f9d620d-4afb-4eff-9ad7-893c8214f50e | single |
Diagnosis of traumatic rupture of diaphragm is done by? | The most accurate evaluation of diaphragmatic rupture is by video assisted thoracoscopy or laparoscopy, the latter offering the advantage of allowing the surgeon to proceed to a repair and additional evaluation of the abdominal organs . Chest X ray with nasogastric tube maybe helpful CT scan and diagnostic peritoneal l... | 1 | A.Laparoscopy | B.Chest X ray | C.Diagnostic peritoneal lavage | D.CT scan | Surgery | Trauma | b8f0b1f8-6995-4a14-b9d3-e303f19f6cb4 | single |
Which of the following is used as an indicator for recent fecal contamination of water ? | Faecal streptococci regularly occur in faeces but in much smaller numbers than E.coli. Finding faecal streptococci in water is regarded as impoant confirmatory evidence of recent faecal pollution of water. Finding faecal Cl. perfringens in water in the absence of other organisms is regarded as impoant confirmatory evid... | 4 | E. Coli | Cornybacterium diptheriae | Pseudomonas | Streptococci | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health | df21c703-a2cc-41d9-8500-7d86a1d6e3c9 | single |
Persistence of Moro&;s reflex is abnormal beyond the age of ________ | Moro&;s reflex disappears by 3 - 6 months in normal infants. Persistence of the reflex after 6 months is abnormal and is common in children with MR without motor disturbance including Down's syndrome and in children with CP of the athetoid type. It is also sometimes observed in children with a severe brain malformation... | 4 | 3rd month | 4th month | 5th month | 6th month | Pediatrics | New born infants | c87b2b91-c8b0-4241-9f1d-af934d617381 | single |
Which of the following is recommended for culture sampling in Infective Endocarditis: | Answer is C (3 culture sets separated by at-least 1 hour over 24 hours) Three culture sets separated from one another by at-least I hour should he obtained over 24 hours. in the absence of prior antibiotic therapy three (2-bottled) culture sets separated from one another by at-least 1 hour should be obtained from diffe... | 3 | 2 culture sets separated by at-least 1 hour over 24 hours | 2 culture sets separated by at-least 2 hours over 24 hours | 3 culture sets separated by at-least 1 hour over 24 hours | 3 culture sets separated by at-least 2 hours over 24 hours | Medicine | null | a852993f-4404-4401-8b16-6463471d23c4 | single |
Fever in burnt patient is caused by:a) Due to hypermetabolismb) Toxin released by dead tissuec) Infectiond) Dead tissue products | Long: Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, (3rd ed chapter 91) writes-
"Diagnosis of infectious complications in a burn victim is challenging. Although fever and elevated peripheral white blood cell count with a left shift are usual indicators of infection, their positive predictive value for diagn... | 2 | a | ac | ad | b | Surgery | null | 6ee3f046-ae61-4a64-a025-d6b8d8866ede | single |
Alpha - wave in EEG is seen in - | C i.e. Awake | 3 | Sleep | REM sleep | Awake state | Mental work | Physiology | null | e262717b-3781-4629-bc7c-10c2e769f9e6 | single |
Which of the following drug causes flaccid paralysis of ascaris ? | null | 3 | Albendazole | Pyrantel pamoate | Piperazine | Ivermectin | Pharmacology | null | e1bfda0c-42a5-43b9-a8a8-d7fa8f8b7052 | single |
Long term complication (>10yr) renal transplantation is/are - | Chronic complications of renal transplant - Malignancy -most common lesions are cancers of skin, lips and carcinoma of cervix as well as lyhomas such as non Hodgkin lymphoma. Hypeension Hypercalcemia Anemia Chronic hepatitis -due to hepatitis B and C virus infection Ref:Harrison 20 th edition pg no 2131 | 2 | Bacterial infection | Malignancy | Viral infection | Acute graft versus host reaction | Medicine | Kidney | d37a1f2f-5e20-46f2-b484-bf8d5b7e328b | single |
Which among the following simple tests is used to measure/assess urethral hypermobility? | In Q tip test - A cotton swab is introduced into the urethra following which the patient is asked to perform valsalva manoeuver and the angle of urethra is assessed. An angle of excussion of > 300 from the horizontal indicates urethral hypermobility. Note:- Stress test can also be used to assess urethral hypermobility.... | 2 | Office cystometry | Q tip test | Voiding diary | Postvoid residual urine | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 42d54ca9-718b-4acf-9b71-d1404926e9a0 | single |
Drug of choice for classical angina attack - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., GTN PHARMACOLQG1CALTREATMENT OF STABLE (CLASSICAL ANGINA)o For immediate pre-cxcrtional prophylaxis and acute attack1. Sublingual glyceral trinitrate (Drug of choice)o Acts by decreasing preload (LV filling pressure - i myocardial oxygen demand),o Also cause redistribution of blood flow to the ischemi... | 3 | CCBs | P-blocker | GTN | Prazocin | Pharmacology | D.O.C | 64cf8c10-abe8-438a-8692-684829970343 | single |
In which of the following disease, Screening procedure increases the overall survival maximum? | Colonic cancer has highest 5-year survival rate post-screening. - This can be known by Kaplan meiyer survival analysis. - Screening of colonic cancer is done by colonoscopy. SCREENING TESTS OF OTHER OPTIONS: - Prostate cancer : Prostate specific antigen + DRE - Lung cancer : Chest x-ray - Ovarian cancer: transvaginal u... | 3 | Prostate cancer | Lung cancer | Colon cancer | Ovarian cancer | Social & Preventive Medicine | Definition and Concepts, Examples from NHPs | 38326e13-b11a-4283-9daf-054a16af2fd4 | multi |
All are true about "lead time" except | Concept of Lead Time Lead time - Lead time is the period between early detection by Screening and diagnosis by other means later in life Lead time is the "Advantage gained by screening" Detection programs should be restricted to those conditions in which there is considerable time lag The benefits of the programme must... | 4 | Lead time is the period between early detection by Screening and diagnosis by other means later in life | Lead time is the advantage gained by screening | Detection programs should be restricted to those condition in which there is considerable time lag | None of above | Social & Preventive Medicine | Screening | cc4d97ae-cddb-478d-838d-20fe991422e9 | multi |
First line management of Menetrier's disease? | Menetrier's disease is example of protein losing enteropathy Premalignant condition Rugosities of stomach Foveolar cell hyperplasia (produce excess of mucin) Cerebriform appearance of stomach mucosa. Gastric fold are prominent in body and fundus & spares Antrum. In children's it is caused by CMV and in adult it is unkn... | 1 | Cetuximab | Octreotide | Subtotal Gastrectomy | Total Gastrectomy | Medicine | Inflammatory Bowel Disease | c366990e-6f0d-4d4d-9c87-c667db687001 | single |
Which type of eclampsia has the worst prognosis: | Prognosis in eclampsia long interval between onset of fit and commencement of treatment antepaum eclampsia with long delivery interval number of fits more than 10 coma in between fits temperature over 102 degree F with pulse rate above 120/min BP >200mmHg systolic oliguria with proteinuria non response to treatment jau... | 1 | Antepaum | Postpaum | Intrapaum | Imminent | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Medical, surgical and gynaecological illness complicating pregnancy | 2c25faac-73da-4798-bf67-df3e7841c148 | single |
Rat bite fever is caused by ? | null | 2 | Spirillum major | Spirillum minor | Yersinia | Leptospira | Microbiology | null | 32196c22-40f5-4790-80d0-4eba71a9e8ad | single |
Eales' disease is best treated with: | Ans. Steroids | 2 | Antitubercular drugs | Steroids | Antibiotic drops | Antibiotics systemically | Ophthalmology | null | 24daa178-0397-4cb9-8f56-988817d8ed23 | multi |
Wernicke's encephalopathy is due to deficiency of - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Thiamine Wernike's encephalopathyo This is caused by thiamine deficiency.o There are acute degenerative changes in thalamus, hypothalamus and mammillary bodies,o Signs are: confusion, ocular paresis and nystagmus, staggering gait and peripheral neuropathy. | 2 | Folic acid | Thiamine | Ascorbic acid | Pyridoxine | Psychiatry | Drug and Alcohol-Related Conditions | 31b0e804-6488-491e-9ad4-3d640f5cb811 | single |
All help in assessing obesity except | null | 4 | Quetelet's Index | Ponderal Index | Corpulence Index | Sullivan Index | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | a24837a6-9db2-4e3a-9108-353b1b70a442 | multi |
Which amino acid has maximum tendency to bind phosphate ? | OH containing amino acid has maximum tendency to bind phosphate Eg.Tyrosine, Threonine and Serine. | 1 | Serine | Alanine | Phenylalanine | Tryptophan | Biochemistry | Basics of amino acids | 11a5d2c8-09a9-4726-b91c-628e7f74e72f | single |
Maximum visual impairment occurs in: | Nebular corneal opacity has maximal visual disability. Type of corneal opacities Nebular: Superficial layers involving upto superficiial stroma. It do more disability of vision owing to the irregular astigmatism. Macular: Upto mid stroma is involved as opacity Leucomatous: Full thickness stromal opacity. Adherent leuco... | 3 | Leukoma adherens at periphery | Centrocaecal leucoma | Nebular corneal opacity | Med peripheral Leucoma | Ophthalmology | Diseases of Cornea | 369446dc-b1c5-41ad-9904-897892a63cdb | single |
Basic defect in HbS is? | Basic defect in HbS is altered solubility. A molecule of hemoglobin S (HbS) contains two normal a globin chains and two mutant b globin chains- glutamate at position 6 is substituted with valine. This replaces the polar glutamine residue with a nonpolar valine. The replacement of glutamate by valine generates a sticky ... | 2 | Altered function | Altered solubility | Altered stability | Altered O2 binding capacity | Medicine | Sickle Cell Disease, G6PD deficiency and other Hemolytic Anemia | 392e434d-3202-4d3c-837b-ed0c2a0c1351 | single |
Capsaicin acts on ______ | Vanilloid receptor is a nociceptor. Capsaicin binds to Vanilloid receptor. | 1 | Vanilloid receptor | Capsaicoid receptor | AMPA receptor | NMDA receptor | Physiology | null | abdbb6c9-1a08-49ef-a6fc-ae1d0684cc6a | single |
True about measles –a) Rash appear first on legb) Koplik spots are seen in retinac) Long term complication follows in form of SSPEd) Caused by RNA viruse) IP–IS 2–3 day | null | 1 | cd | bc | bd | ac | Pediatrics | null | 6f1ec6fd-8b24-4d77-9946-b5589ae694a0 | multi |
Frequent blushing (“erethism”) is associated with : - | Mercury
Mechanism of toxicity.
Mercury reacts with sulfhydryl (SH) groups, resulting in enzyme inhibition and pathologic alteration of cellular membranes.
Clinical presentation. Acute inhalation
Severe chemical pneumonitis and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Acute gingivostomatitis may also occur.
Chronic intoxication
... | 1 | Mercury | Lead | Phenolic acid | Carbolic acid | Unknown | null | 5fa3529b-abd1-4c24-926b-ead59567267f | single |
All of following are features of Ascher syndrome except: | null | 2 | Double upper lip | Tongue tie. | Blepharochalasis. | Non toxic thyroid enlargement. | Pathology | null | 98c83b91-b5f5-489b-8504-3e2766066786 | multi |
Acetyl CoA cannot be conveed to: | Acetyl CoA is a staing material for Fatty Acid Synthesis, Cholesterol Synthesis & Ketone Body Synthesis (option a, c & d). But Acetyl CoA is never a substrate for Gluconeogenesis i.e. it can never form glucose (option b). Because Acetyl CoA can never be conveed back to Pyruvate as Link reaction or Pyruvate Dehydrogenas... | 2 | Fatty Acids | Glucose | Ketone Bodies | Cholesterol | Biochemistry | Fat and Carbohydrate interconversion | befeafe6-37cb-4a6f-ab10-8d39b66f1580 | single |
Bifurcation of Trachea is at the level of | Bifurcation of Trachea is at the level of Body of T6 | 1 | Body of T6 | Lower border of T6 | Body of T4 | Lower border of T4 | Anatomy | null | c3150fd0-4863-4641-8f0a-dc9507531441 | single |
True about barbiturates ? | Ans. is ,a, i.e., Have steep dose response curve(Ref: Goodmen & Gillmen |2',h/e p. 471)Barbiturates depress all areas of CNS, but the reticular activating system is most sensitive.Barbiturates have steep dose response curve.Except For phenobarbitone in epiteliu andthiopentonein anaesthesia,barbituratesare used now'The ... | 1 | Have steep dose response curve | Have analgesic action | Are enzyme inhibitors | Acidification of urine is done in poisoning | Pharmacology | null | 8b9a3254-d75b-43f1-b5bf-6290cca53322 | multi |
Tennis racket cells is seen in - | o Tumor cells of sarcoma botryoids are small and have oval nuclei, with small protrusions of cytoplasm from one end, so they resemble a tennis racket. REF: ROBBINS pathology 10th edition | 1 | Sarcoma botyroides | Vaginal adenocarcinoma | Leiomyoma uterus | Seminoma | Pathology | All India exam | 30cfa0f4-3eef-48b9-b297-4fe69d45b9fd | single |
Yellow color on the new WHO standard mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) tape correlates to a MUAC of ________ | Yellow color on the new WHO standard mid-upper arm circumference of (MUAC) tape correlates to a MUAC of 11.5 to 12.5 cm. Mid-Upper arm Circumference: Used in children between 6 to 60 months Measured between the acromion and olencranon process It is an age-dependent parameter (between 6-60 months) MUAC tape cut-offs Col... | 2 | 10.5 to 11.5 cm | 11.5 to 12.5 cm | 12.5 to 13.5 cm | 13.5 to 14.5 cm | Pediatrics | Nutrition | f4704a06-dae7-4278-8c3c-4fcc144104e9 | single |
The earliest identifiable cells of T-Cell lineage during maturation are | null | 1 | CD7+ Pro-T-Cells | CD4+ Pre-T-Cells | CD8+ Pro-T-Cells | CD8+ Pre-T-Cells | Microbiology | null | aa261275-1526-4a6c-9cbd-95dbba69b1fa | single |
Mites are the vectors of the following disease except: | - Vector is an ahropod or inveebrate which can transmits an infection. - Mites are the vectors of: Scabies Scrub typhus Rickettsial pox Rickettsial Diseases Disease Cause Vector Reservoir Epidemic typhus R. Prowazeki Louse Man Endemic typhus R. Typhi flea Rodents Indian tick typhus R. conori Tick Rodents RMSF R. ricket... | 4 | Scabies | Scrub typhus | Rickettsial pox | Kyasanur forest disease | Social & Preventive Medicine | VBDs, Arboviral & Viral Infections, Surface Infections | 90f30d52-e0f4-4148-844b-3d5ec5b441c4 | multi |
Protractor of scapula is? | Serratus anteriorREF: Gray's anatomy 39th ed p. 829, 830Movements of scapula:MovementMusclesElevationTrapezius and Levator scapularProtractionSerratous anterior and Pectoralis minorRetractionRhomboids and TrapeziusLateral rotationupper trapezius and lower serratousMedial rotationLevator scapulae , Rhomboids and Pectora... | 1 | Serratus anterior | Rhomboidis major | Deltoid | Pectoralis major | Anatomy | null | 026f6c62-a3bc-4860-b28f-e2f75ad296aa | single |
The positive inotropic effect of digitalis is due to inhibition of Na+/K+ ATPase pump in cardiac muscle cell membrane leading to: | null | 1 | Decreased activity of Na+/Ca++ exchanger causing decreased influx of sodium and decreased efflux of Ca++ in the sarcolemma | Decreased efflux of Na+ leading to less negative resting membrane potential and opening of voltage gated Ca++ channels on the T tubules | Increased intracellular Na+ causing increased efflux of Na+ and increased influx of Ca++ through Na+/Ca++ exchanger in the sarcolemma | Increased intracellular Na+ decreasing the activity of Ca++ pump in the sarcoplasmic reticulum | Pharmacology | null | f0d867d2-91a1-4918-bcad-1b1d504d19a6 | single |
Shagreen patch is a cha racteristic feature of - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tuberous Sclerosiso Shagreen Patch (connective tissue naevi) are roughened raised leathery lesions with an orange peel consistency that are typically seen in patients with Tuberous Sclerosis. | 1 | Tuberous sclerosis | Neurofibromatosis | Sturge weber syndrome | Von Hippei-Lindau syndrome | Medicine | C.N.S. | a8eb8efa-cbe1-4b1f-82ff-ec7ced51ce92 | single |
At some mass casualty ,patients with mandibular fractures are categorized under which of the following color code: | null | 2 | Red | Yellow | Green | Black. | Surgery | null | 67963903-0463-4923-9f07-a4985e3afafc | single |
Which of the following is the established biological therapy for Crohn's disease? | Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) is a key inflammatory cytokine and mediator of intestinal inflammation. The expression of TNF is increased in IBD. Infliximab is a chimeric human monoclonal antibody against TNF that is extremely effective in Crohn's disease. Recently adalimumab has also been approved for treatment of modera... | 1 | Anti TNF a antibody | IL - I antagonist | IL - 6 antagonist | IL - 8 antagonist | Medicine | Inflammatory Bowel Disease | f346a617-80a0-4928-bdf1-2cc1e4a11cab | single |
Hardness of water is contributed by following salts except – | null | 1 | Calcium gluconate | Magnesium chloride | Calcium sulfate | Magnisum bicarbonate | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | d3dca0dc-37db-4bc4-992b-3b48154a456a | multi |
Chronic granulomatous disease is | ref Harrison 18/e p 387 It is a congenital and not acquired leucocyte function defect CGD Overview. Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) is an inherited primary immunodeficiency disease (PIDD) which increases the body's susceptibility to infections caused by ceain bacteria and fungi. Granulomas are masses of immune cell... | 1 | Associated with formation of multiple granulomas | A benign neoplastic process | A parasitic disease | Acquired leukocyte function defect | Anatomy | General anatomy | 9aef4240-c534-4eb5-b386-66da740c4e07 | single |
False about ulcerative colitis | String sign is seen in chron's disease. | 3 | Continuous inflammation | Leadpipe appearance | String sign is seen | Crypt abscesses are typical | Medicine | null | 637ee7f0-8551-44b6-a0d0-8cf5daaefe99 | multi |
Which poion of MHC1 complex forms the component of antigen presenting pa? | Antigen Presenting pa of MHCMHC 1/HLA I:Class 1 molecule consists of three domains of heavy alpha peptide chain (a1; a2; a3) which are non-covalently linked to smaller b2 microglobulin peptide.The distal domain (alpha 1 and alpha 2) of MHC 1 have highly variable amino acid sequences and are folded to form a cavity or g... | 2 | Between alpha 1 and beta 2 microglobulin | Distal pa of alpha chain | Proximal pa of alpha chain | Between alpha 2 and beta 2 microglobulin | Microbiology | All India exam | 062cca06-4d7a-4524-99c3-d329b3217d87 | single |
A 50-year-old chronic alcoholic presents to the emergency room with 12 hours of severe abdominal pain. The pain radiates to the back and is associated with an urge to vomit. Physical examination discloses exquisite abdominal tenderness. Laboratory studies show elevated serum amylase. Which of following morphologic chan... | Fat necrosis. Saponification of fat derived from peripancreatic fat cells exposed to pancreatic enzymes is a typical feature of fat necrosis. Lipase, released from pancreatic acinar cells during an attack of acute pancreatitis, hydrolyzes fat into fatty acids and glycerol. Free fatty acids bind with calcium to form soa... | 3 | Coagulative necrosis | Caseous necrosis | Fat necrosis | Fibrinoid necrosis | Pathology | Irreversible cell Injury/Necrosis | 64539050-ad52-4f92-b23e-c03e1ef85bf3 | single |
A patient develops hypoglycemia. He was on insulin and acarbose. For treatment of above what is to be given aEUR' | Glucose Hypoglycemic reactions are the most common complication of insulin therapy. It commonly result from: ? - Inadequate carbohydrate consumption - Unusual physical exeion - Too large dose of insulin Management of hypoglycemia All the manifestations of hypoglycemia are relieved by glucose administration. To increase... | 1 | >Glucose | > Maltose | > Sucrose | >Starch | Pharmacology | null | 821a5026-0246-4fd8-b1e5-9f5cebf5b215 | multi |
A neonate presenting with heart failure on day 7 of life has this chest X-ray. What is the most probable diagnosis? | d. TGAChest X-ray showing 'egg on side' appearance in a neonate presenting with heart failure on day 7 of life has TGA (Transposition of great arteries) | 4 | TOF | VSD | TAPVC | TGA | Pediatrics | C.V.S. | 2adc7fb6-4e92-4f82-81fc-8e2c311cfb76 | single |
Glucose may be synthesised from | Glycerol is release during the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols in adipose tissue and is delivered by the blood to the liver, where it is used in the synthesis of glucose by gluconeogenesis. | 1 | Glycerol | Adenine | Guanine | Palmitic acid | Biochemistry | null | 2c8c3645-6799-4e27-bead-f3c4a4569e64 | single |
Mean hemoglobin of a sample of 100 pregnant women was found to be 10 mg% with a standard error of 1.0 mg%. The standard error of the estimate would he | 0.1 Standard error of mean = Standard detion / lisample size = 1/ V100 = 1/10 = 0.1 | 2 | 0.01 | 0.1 | 1 | 10 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 509da9f1-b7f8-45c2-8642-5e9b952ac602 | single |
ICD-10 has how many chapters? | ANSWER: (C) 22REF: style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; margin: 0 0 8pt 8px; text-indent: 0">Repeat from December 2009Remember Park 20th ed p. 46 has given only 21 chapters"ICD-10 was endorsed by the Forty-third World Health Assembly in May 1990 and came into use in WHO Memb... | 3 | 5 | 12 | 22 | 32 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of Health and Disease | b6df9871-0f50-4da1-9d89-26c70340ed05 | single |
Magical thinking is seen in which type of personality disorder | * SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER * Ideas of reference (not delusions) * Odd beliefs and magical thinking * Unusual perceptual disturbances * Paranoid ideation and suspiciousness * Odd thinking and speech without coherence * SUPERSTITIONS/TELEPATHY * ODD DRESSING * ODD SPEECH LACK OF EMOTIONS Ref.KAplon and Sadock, sy... | 1 | schizotypal | borderline | narcisstic | histirionic | Psychiatry | Personality disorders | 26d7e60f-53f7-4a23-b9c7-382a01a1955d | single |
Middle meningeal artery is branch of - | null | 1 | l
st
part of maxillary artery | 2
nd
part of maxillary artery | 3
rd
part of maxillary artery | External carotid artery | Anatomy | null | 5fb98a64-5c4f-4412-b105-0568e98cbb65 | single |
In monoclonal antibody production, monoclonal cells are differentiated from? | ANSWER: (C) Myeloma cell linesREF:Applications and engineering of monoclonal antibodies by David J. King page 17, A practical guide to monoclonal antibodies by J. Eryl Liddell, Anthony Cryer Page 69"A myeloma cell is classically defined as a neoplastic plasma cell in myelomatosis producing a structurally and electropho... | 3 | Sensitized B cells | Sensitized T cells | Myeloma cell lines | None of these | Biochemistry | Miscellaneous (Structure & Function of Proteins) | 592253f4-48a2-4978-b14c-dfb46b390975 | multi |
Most important measure to prevent hospital infection - | Ans. is 'c' i.e.. Proper hand w ashing o There are following types of modes of transmission of hospital-acquired infections :Contact transmissionIt is the most common and most preventable means of transmission. It is divided into two types -Direct contact : It involves contact of body surface to body surface with a phy... | 3 | Use of antibiotics | Use of antiseptics | Proper hand washing | Formalin fumigation | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health Planning and Management | 041baefd-4f83-43bf-b11f-887bbff9716d | single |
Analysis of routine measurement aimed at detecting changes in the environment? | Monitoring is the performance and analysis of routine measurements aimed at detecting changes in the environment or health status of population. | 3 | Surveillance | Isolation | Monitoring | RCT | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 92d72313-c7c2-473c-b30e-174792bf24ac | single |
Involution of the uterus is completed by : | 6 weeks | 1 | 6 weeks | 8 weeks | 12 weeks | 16 weeks | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | ee5b9818-44b1-4a8d-a80d-ddb82a09e60b | single |
Variant of Giant cell tumor is? | Chondroblastoma [Ref This is the best we could find, after long hours of search. "A chondroblastoma is a rare, usually benign, tumor of bone that accounts .for approximately I% of all bone tumors. In 1931, Cadman classified it as a chondromatous variant of giant cell tumors, when he described these lesions in the proxi... | 4 | Ossifying fibroma | Non ossifying fibroma | Osteosarcoma | Chondroblastoma | Surgery | null | db0b41ac-b005-4ca5-977d-9dbb35c234c8 | single |
Status epilepticus is managed best with the use of which of the following drugs ? | null | 1 | Intravenous diazepam | Intravenous phenytoin sodium | Intramuscular phenobarbitone | Rectal diazepam | Pharmacology | null | fad58253-cbca-4a86-9daf-edaed9cf6261 | single |
Gluten-sensitive enteropathy is most strongly associated with – | Almost all individuals with celiac disease share the major histocompatibility complex II HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8.
Gliadin is deamidated by the enzyme transglutaminase and deamidated gliadin peptides bind to DQ2 and DQ8.
Recognition of these peptides by CD4+ T cells leads to secretion of IFN-γ, which damages the intestinal w... | 1 | HLA–DQ2 | BLA–DR4 | HLA–DQ3 | Blood group B | Pediatrics | null | a5e586ee-5df7-433f-a872-94107e4f6d44 | single |
Species of Anopheles transmitting transmitting malaria is urban areas is | null | 2 | Culcifacies | Stephensi | Minimus | Fluviatilis | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 5d4af655-73f5-46c9-be6f-f0458690b2e8 | multi |
According to GOTTLIB diffused atrophy of alveolar bone is: | null | 2 | Periodontitis | Cementopathia | Periodontosis | Gingivosis | Dental | null | 9d30fbcd-d1ef-4f53-bfb4-48bd7dd220a0 | single |
Biuret test is used for detection of: | Ans: a (Protein) Ref: Vasudevan 4th ed/p.23, 24. 34.Biuret reaction:-* Cupric ions chelate with peptide bonds of proteins in alkaline medium to produce a pink or violet colour. This needs a minimum of two peptide bonds and so individual amino acids and dipeptides will not answer this test.* Biuret reagent - CuS04, sodi... | 1 | Protein | Cholesterol | Steroid | Sugar | Biochemistry | Proteins and Amino Acids | 249357a0-238b-4166-9367-4ac9d8655da8 | single |
False statement in collapsing glomerulopathy: | Ans. (c) There is noproliferation or hypertrophy of glomerular visceral epithelial cells(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 920; 8th/pg 928)HIV-ASSOCIATED NEPHROPATHY (HIVAN) is characterized by collapse of entire glomerular tuft along with proliferation & hypertrophy of glomerular visceral epithelial cells Q | 3 | It is a morphologic variant of FSGS (focal segmental glomerulosclerosis) | Microscopically retraction and /or collapse of the entire glomerular tuft is seen | There is no proliferation or hypertrophy of glomerular visceral epithelial cells | It may be idiopathic or HIV associated nephropathy | Pathology | Kidney | de7afb04-010a-4af9-835e-6e4110ae4b0c | multi |
Integrin connects actin to which macromolecule in ECM? | Ans. C. Fibronectin > LamininIntegrins localized in the plasma membrane are the major adhesion receptor connecting cells with components of the extracellular matrix. Integrins interact directly with laminin and mainly fibronectin present in the basal lamina and intracellularly contact actin through intermediate protein... | 3 | Vitronectin | Laminin | Fibronectin | Collagen | Pathology | Inflammation & Repair | a0eb68fd-ab7f-4f5a-820e-c795fab4c224 | single |
Mental retardation is diagnosed if. (Intelligence quotient) is less than | 70 | 3 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | Psychiatry | null | 2225fd58-8948-4443-91f2-5d33309285f6 | single |
Which of the following attains adult size before bih: | A i.e. Ear ossiclesAuditory (ear) ossicles attain full adult size at (or before) bihQ. Although mastoid antrum (air sinus) is well developed (& of adult size) at bih, but mastoid process & air cells develop later. | 1 | Ear ossicles | Maxilla | Mastoid | Mastoid | Anatomy | null | 89b37685-6576-40eb-ba9b-0d4d54e393ea | single |
Which organism causes toxin shock syndrome - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Staphylococcus aureus Toxic shock syndromeo TSS is a potentially fatal multisystem disease characterized by sudden high fever, fainting, watery diarrhea, headache and muscle ache.o There are two types of TSS1. Staphylococcal TSSStaphylococcal TSS results from the elaboration of toxic shock syndrome to... | 3 | Pneumococcus | E. coli | Staphylococcus aureus | Enterococcus | Microbiology | Staphylococci | cfd61f88-8885-48fd-ae7f-6b76c44b54e1 | single |
RGD motifs are | null | 2 | Fibroblasts | Bone Sialoproteins & Osteopontin | Cementoblasts | Noncementum proteins | Dental | null | 7baea7da-abd8-4cf4-8f9f-4ee5d549ce32 | single |
Contraindication for laryngeal mask airway is | LMA INDICATIONS : .Sho procedures where endotracheal tube is not necessary,Difficult airway , Cardiac arrest ,conduit for intubation, Contraindications Absolute :Complete Upper airway obstruction,Locked jaw relative : increased risk of aspiration like in full stomach, 2nd n 3rd trimester of pregnancy ,morbid obesity,Up... | 2 | Empty stomach | Hiatus hernia | Minor surgery | Young age | Anaesthesia | Anaesthetic equipments | f0251eb0-f3b6-4281-98c4-8494811a913d | single |
Which of the following disease is also known as diabetic diarrhea: | Ans. C. Coeliac DiseaseAutoimmune disease having associated diabetesa. Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (Hashimoto)b. Celiac disease (Hence celiac disease is also known as diabetic diarrhea)c. Multiple endocrine deficiency syndrome | 3 | Whipple disease | Ulcerative colitis | Coeliac disease | Carcinoid Syndrome | Medicine | G.I.T. | 526f9a25-6dcb-4856-8c09-63f966a421be | single |
Nerve injured in inferior dislocation of shoulder is: | Reference: Apley's System of Orthopaedics and Fractures 9th edition, Page 743Explanation:Inferior dislocation of the shoulder or luxatio erectaIt is a rare type of dislocation caused by forceful hyper abduction. which causes the humerus to hitch on the acromion and the humeral head to be levered out of its socket and d... | 1 | Axillary nerve | Median nerve | Ulnar nerve | Radial nerve | Orthopaedics | Dislocation of Shoulder | 0a207d7e-e9e0-47ff-8dde-e2883de204cf | single |
A patient presents with history of episodic painful edema of face and larynx. Which of the following is likely to be deficient in this patient? | History of recurrent episodes of painful edema of face and larynx suggests a diagnosis of hereditary angioneurotic edema which is caused by deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor. C1 esterase inhibitor (C1 INH) is an alpha-globulin, which controls the first stage of the classic complement pathway and inhibits thrombin, pl... | 4 | Properidin | Complement C3 | Complement C5 | CI Esterase Inhibitor | Medicine | null | 5a2c00a9-ff88-436a-bad1-f7ef26552698 | single |
Which among the following causes 'thumb sign' on an X-ray lateral view of the neck? | Thumb sign is typically seen in acute epiglottitis due to swollen epiglottis. It is better appreciated in lateral view of neck. Normally, the epiglottis is quite thin in the anteroposterior (AP) dimension, resembling a little finger, whereas the abnormal, inflamed epiglottis appears shoer and has an increased AP dimens... | 1 | Acute epiglottitis | Acute laryngo trachea bronchitis | Acute tonsillitis | Acute laryngitis | ENT | null | 5c37b8e4-4f3d-4f2f-9051-5f7196ec5e45 | single |
For sputum smear to come positive on ZN staining there should be minimum:- | Sputum smear microscopy for tubercle bacilli is positive when there are at least 10,000 organisms present per ml of sputum. ZN staining in RNTCP: Acid fast bacilli of TB; 'Rod shaped' with 'beaded appearance'. >10,000 bacilli per ml sputum must be present for a positive result. | 4 | 100 bacilli per per ml sputum | 1000 bacilli per ml sputum | 2000 bacilli per ml sputum | 10,000 bacilli per ml sputum | Social & Preventive Medicine | RNTCP | 81824ec1-d6c6-43f6-89d0-e0f5d2b8c400 | single |
Most common cause of chronic kidney disease | Most common cause - Diabetes mellitus | 1 | Diabetes mellitus | Hypertension | PCKD | Hepatorenal Syndrome | Medicine | null | 764da52a-c7ab-4311-baab-3c99bd006a71 | single |
Toad skin is seen in deficiency of vitamin ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., A o Here, essential fatty acid has not been provided as an option. So, amongst the given options vitamin 'A' is the best answer. | 1 | A | B2 | D | Biotin | Pediatrics | null | 435e1b4f-71fb-43a5-8c02-6b8fde7de1b3 | single |
All are true about cystic fibrosis except? | Ans. (c) Fasting hyperglycemia is a feature of early disease(Ref: Refer Ans 7 & 10; Nelson 19th/pg 1996; Robbins 9th/pg 466-470; 8th/pg 465-470)Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD)No diabetes is seen in CF patients younger than 10 yr while 40-50% show diabetes at >=20yr age;So diabetes is a late feature of CF, seen ... | 3 | Recurrent respiratory infections | Majority of males are infertile | Fasting hyperglycemia is a feature of early disease | Sweat chloride is >70 meq/1 | Pathology | Disease of Infancy & Childhood | 6dcd39f1-b9f0-427e-bf77-0010972b2c33 | multi |
A 24-year-old woman has clear evidence of bipolar disorder. An adequate trial of lithium therapy has proved unsuccessful. Which of the following drugs would be most reasonable for her psychiatrist to prescribe next? | A recent development in the pharmacologic treatment of affective disorders, especially bipolar disorder, has been the use of anticonvulsant drugs. The first to be tried, carbamazepine (Tegretol) often is the next line of treatment for bipolar disorder for persons unresponsive to lithium therapy. Carbamazepine has vario... | 2 | Chlorpromazine | Carbamazepine | Alprazolam | Amitriptyline | Psychiatry | null | e4ca7fa0-48a4-4f6e-ac64-fb561ca07a65 | single |
A 50 year old woman is presenting with bilateral solid ovarian tumors and has ascitis. Upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy reveals an ulcerative growth in pyloric region of stomach. The most likely diagnosis is: | The patient in this question having bilateral solid ovarian tumors with ulcerative growth in pyloric region of stomach is suffering from carcinoma of stomach with krukenberg's tumor. Krukenberg's tumors account for 30-40% of metastatic cancers to the ovaries, they arise in the ovarian stroma and has mucin filled signet... | 4 | Malignant ovarian tumor | Carcinoma in the small intestine | Carcinoma body uterus | Carcinoma stomach with Kurkenberg's tumor | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 79e9476e-eddb-4778-a50e-1a7f667b1080 | multi |
Which of the following is a less useful diagnostic procedure in a case of acute haematemesis? | Ans. Barium meal | 1 | Barium meal | Endoscopy | Gastric content aspiration | Angiography | Radiology | null | 93b252a4-86ee-4d56-abe4-6258bf372cec | single |
What is the acceptable angel of reduction for tibial fracture | Trafton&;s recommendation and strive to achieve less than 5 degrees of varus-valgus angulation, less than 10 degrees of anteroposterior angulation, less than 10 degrees of rotation, and less than 15 mm of shoening. | 1 | 5 | 1 | 15 | 20 | Orthopaedics | All India exam | 8e82f8b6-b5da-4b37-ae8b-0afa1ec214a2 | single |
Reservoir of Tetanus infection is | Soil is the Reservoir of:
Tetanus
Anthrox
Coccidiomycosis
Mycetoma | 2 | Man | Soil | Pig | Plants | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | caf3ad71-4fcf-4846-8aa0-22dc167cd724 | single |
Substance obtained from lipoxygenase pathway and shows chemotaxis to neutrophils is | Leukotrienes B4 obtained during LOX pathway shows chemotaxis and leukocyte adhesion.
Arachidonic Acid Metabolites and their actions in Inflammation:- | 1 | LT B4 | LX A4 | Prostacyclin | Thromboxane A2 | Pathology | null | 4974d6da-cb62-4ffc-b35f-1147b4412ae5 | single |
Methylene blue reduction test is done for estimating? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Bacterial activity in milk | 4 | Fat content of milk | Sugar content of milk | Protein content of milk | Bacterial activity in milk | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 99d40741-cd96-4616-949f-66ac1fc8f226 | single |
Commando's operation is for | It is en-bloc removal ,which includes wide excision of primary tumour with hemimandibulectomy and neck block dissection,examples : it is done usually in carcinoma of tongue or floor of the mouth ;it is a composite resection of primary tumour ,mandible and radical neck dissection(RND) SRB,5th,451. | 4 | Mandible | Radical mastectomy | Leg amputation | Oral cancer | Surgery | Head and neck | 46315b77-4eef-4508-9d9e-260c89ade01b | single |
Digoxin toxicity is aggrevated by | Hypokalemia is usually observed with chronic toxicity or in patients taking diuretics; it reduces the rate of Na+/K+ ATPase pump turnover and exacerbates pump inhibition due to digitalis. Hyperkalemia is the usual electrolyte abnormality precipitated by digoxin toxicity, primarily in the acute setting Refer kDT 6/e p49... | 1 | Hypokalemia | Hyperkalemia | Hypermagnesimaia | Hypocalcemia | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system | 149616ec-c147-4dae-8ae4-7b466b7717cd | single |
What causes secretory diarrhea ? | null | 4 | Cholera | Laxatives | Excess phenolphthalein intake | All of the above | Medicine | null | 2a8bfc24-f033-49da-876e-2b3e27441913 | multi |
A pt. with psoriasis was started on systemic steroids. After stopping t/t pt. developed generalized pustules all over his body, the most likely cause is: | Ans. is 'b' i.e Pustular Psoriasis Pustular Psoriasis - It is generalized pustule formation which can complicate asArthritis*Exfoliation*Constitutional Symptoms *Conditions which precipitate pustular psoriasisSteroids *Salicylates*Iodides * | 2 | Drug induced reactions | Pustular Psoriasis | Bacterial infection | Septicemia | Skin | Psoriasis | a3412221-d343-4004-b5af-74af4e532ea0 | multi |
MC commensal gut flora in adult - | In the human intestines, Anaerobes out number aerobic bacteria a thousand fold
Among anaerobes Bacteroides are in predominant number in human gut flora. | 2 | Lactobacillus | Bacteroides | E. coli | Klebsiella | Microbiology | null | a30b7734-81f4-4eca-8d9b-ae55d6630ccc | single |
Which serum is used for testing streptococcal pyrogenic toxin? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Convalescent human serum Tests related to pyrogenic toxin (erythrogenic /Dick toxin) of streptococcus There were two historical tests which were used : i) Dick test : Intradermal Injection of toxin in a child produces erythematous reaction if he/she is susceptible to scarlet fever. ii) Schultz scharlt... | 1 | Convalescent human serum | Serum from patient of acute scarlet fever | Horse serum | None of the above | Microbiology | null | 405f0c2a-a799-49ef-a616-6b20e799ab93 | multi |
Which one of the following medical disorders leads to delayed foetal lung maturity - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Diabetes o Maternal diabetes predisposes to HMD. | 2 | Hea disease | Diabetes | Thalassemia minor | Epilepsy | Pediatrics | null | 481d31d7-91a1-4cea-95f3-edb130a47e0d | single |
Base of hea is at the level of which veebrae ? | Ans. is'c' i.e., T5 - T8 | 3 | C4 - C7 | C7 - T2 | T5 - T8 | T9 - T12 | Anatomy | null | 6cbcd51a-8a9f-469f-80dc-9b86a52f8182 | single |
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