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Jefferson is: | Ans. is 'a' ie of Atlas Some common named fractures :Jefferson *-Burst of atlas *Hangman's *- of axis *Clayshovellers *-Spines process of C7 * Smiths *-Reverse of colie's * ( at the cortico cancellus junction of radius with volar tilt of the distal fragment)* Barton 's *-distal radius ( extends from the distal articula... | 1 | of atlas | axis | of spinous process of C 7 | of any cervical vertebra | Orthopaedics | Individual Cervical Vertebra Fracture of Interest | e4bfa1e9-1695-487b-ab4b-79792439db77 | single |
Gingival finish lines are placed | null | 1 | Supra/subgingivally according to need | For better cleansing | Subgingivally only | Supragingivally only | Dental | null | c0ad1f9e-6ee6-4228-9e5e-e6543128f1b2 | multi |
Ganer duct cyst is the remnant of the following embryological structure? | Ganer duct cysts are uncommon vaginal cysts develop from remnants of the mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts. They are typically asymptomatic and are usually found within the lateral vaginal wall. Symptoms may include dyspareunia, vaginal pain, and difficulty inseing tampons or other vaginal devices. Examination reveals a ten... | 2 | Mullerian duct | Wolffian duct | Cloacal duct | Epoophoron | Anatomy | null | e43eac27-3278-4f14-9761-c41bc4afe337 | single |
Gram stain is a? | The Gram stain is the most impoant staining procedure in microbiology. It is used to differentiate between gram positive organisms and gram negative organisms. Hence, it is a differential stain. Gram negative and gram positive organisms are distinguished from each other by differences in their cell walls. Ref: Ananthan... | 2 | Simple stain | Differential stain | Negative stain | Fluorescent stain | Microbiology | general microbiology | caf4f9d9-3ccb-456b-a064-e8baa0faedf5 | single |
Leutic glossitis can occur in connection with: | null | 4 | Vitamin B deficiency | Vitamin C deficiency | Iron deficiency | Syphilis | Pathology | null | 62ed7f12-d42f-417e-a2c7-be35eb86a2c3 | single |
Medullary thyroid carcinoma is associated with? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., MEN II About 70% of tumors arise sporadically. The remainder occurs in the rsetting of MEN syndrome 2A or 2B or as familial tumors without an associated MEN syndrome (familial medullary thyroid carcinoma, or FMTC. | 2 | MEN I | MEN II | MEN III | MEN IV | Pathology | null | 6b7c33da-7959-4d28-ad59-24eb8692939b | single |
All are true about cystic hygroma except | Cystic hygroma is not pulsating .So option 1 is incorrect. Cystic hygroma is sequestration of lymphatic tissue. Cyst filled with clear lymph and lined by single layer of epithelium. Mostly found in the neck. It can obstruct labour, and can also cause respiratory difficulty. Swelling is brilliantly transluminant. Manage... | 1 | Pulsatile | May cause respiratory obstruction | Common in neck | present in bih | Surgery | Vascular surgery | 7350e8ce-8bfa-4f9b-befc-504f449a5cb8 | multi |
Name the extra ocular muscle which is NOT arising from the apex of orbit? | All the extra ocular muscles except inferior oblique arise from the apex of orbit. Inferior oblique arises from lower and inner orbital walls near the lacrimal fossa and inses in the sclera below and lateral to the posterior pole of the globe. Ref: Parsons' 21st / Pg. 393. | 4 | Superior rectus | Superior oblique | Inferior rectus | Inferior oblique | Ophthalmology | null | 030f929a-84a2-43a5-baac-66440d9b6bc7 | single |
True about lamotrigene ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., t1/2 is 24 hrs | 3 | Decreased efficacy in depression | First choice in absence seizure | t1/2 is 24 hrs | Not metabolised in liver | Pharmacology | null | edf176b1-2d7e-427d-b8bf-320e8d3ddc7e | multi |
For DNA testing, which tissue sample is taken in an autopsy- | blood and splenic tissues are the best specimen for the DNA analysis and should be frozen if there is leikely to be any delay before reaching the laboratory,fluid, swabs ,hair.other organs( liver, brain kidney and muscle) however also acceptable. With blood samples, a good HMWDNA recovery from all the bodies investigat... | 2 | Liver | Spleen | Kidney | Brain | Forensic Medicine | Miscellaneous | 2cfdb8e2-112e-49d6-bdb7-a823051315f7 | single |
Power of normal eye is: | Total dioptric power of this schematic eye is 58.64 [?] 60D Refractive Power of Cornea =+45 D Refractive Power of Lens =+15 D | 4 | +6D | +10D | +16D | +60D | Ophthalmology | Optics and Errors of Refraction | fb0eca33-aaf7-4ba1-ac12-a0fede14090b | single |
Excess sexual desire in male is known as? | Ans is 'b' i.e. Satyriasis * Has been explained in previous sessions. | 2 | Nymphomania | Satyriasis | Sadism | Masochism | Psychiatry | Sexual Disorders | 4f841ef6-071f-4ce6-942b-1f721df60b7b | single |
Gusten, a protein of the saliva is | null | 3 | Important for taste sensation | Contains zinc | Both | null | Biochemistry | null | 30238a2c-cffb-484c-8d80-79b73d525186 | multi |
Ketone body formation without glycosuria seen in - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Prolonged starvation o Amongst the given options, DM and starvation are the causes of ketosisDiabetes :- Ketosis with hyperglycemia and glycosuria Prolonged starvation :- Ketosis with low or normal glucose and without glycosuria.o In diabetic Ketoacidosis:- (i) Positive Rothera's test (due to ketone b... | 3 | DM | DI | Prolonged starvation | Obesity' | Biochemistry | Oxidation of Fatty acids: Ketogenesis | 577f2265-89c6-4ac1-b475-f158a54027d4 | single |
Functional adrenal incidentaloma of size is managed by | Management of adrenal incidentaloma : | 1 | Laparoscopic adrenalectomy | Observation and biannual hormonal evaluation | Palliative management using mitotane | Chemotherapy using vineristine, Cyclophosphamide | Surgery | null | 38488781-6af4-4f80-aab2-204b1062da93 | multi |
For the physical finding "Short stature, webbed neck, low-set ears, and epicanthal folds" select the cardiovascular disorder with which it is most likely to be associated. (SELECT 1 DISORDER) | Myocarditis, aortitis, and pericarditis all have been described in association with Reiter syndrome; the original description included conjunctivitis, urethritis, and arthralgias. Although its cause is unknown, Reiter syndrome is associated with HLA-B27 antigen, as are aortic regurgitation, pericarditis, and ankylosing... | 3 | Massive tricuspid regurgitation | Aortic regurgitation | Coarctation of the aorta | Thoracic aortic aneurysm | Surgery | Heart & Pericardium | 9189db57-b2a3-4eb2-9fc0-de15ae479be8 | single |
Which of the the following is true about adenoid cystic carcinoma : | Adenoid cystic carcinoma: Most common malignant tumor in submandibular, sublingual and minor salivary glands Most common site is hard palate > sinonasal tract Most common site of metastasis is lungs AKA - Tracherous tumor - tumor is malignant but appear benign Most common type is- Cribriform variety - has swiss cheese ... | 1 | Most common malignant tumor in minor salivary glands | Most common site is sinonasal tract | Most commonly involved nerve is trigeminal | Most common site of metastasis is liver | Surgery | Salivary Glands | bede81fa-f361-4fdc-97c5-e33c6fff5141 | multi |
A wide and notched P wave is typically seen in | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Mitral stenosis Mitral stenosis is icall associated with a Wide and Notched P wave rom Le t Atrial Enlar * ement LAE Cor-Pulmonate, COPD and Pulmonary embolism are all associated with Right Atrial Enlargement resulting in a Tall P wave (not a wide p wave). P wave becomes "tall" in RA enlargement and "... | 1 | Mitral stenosis | Cor-Pulmonale | COPD | Pulmonary embolism | Medicine | null | f2dd0904-7a27-4a7a-82e1-4effdcab48e4 | multi |
Which of the following is an alternative to methadone for maintenance treatment of opiate dependence? | MAINTENANCE TREATMENT OF OPIOID DEPENDENCE: Opioid Substitution Therapy Methadone Buprenorphine Levomethadyl (LAAM) Opioid Antagonists Naltrexone (oral) Naloxone (injectible, sho acting) | 3 | Diazepam | Chloridazepoxide | Buprenorphine | Dextropropoxyphene | Psychiatry | Substance Related and Addictive Disorders | cc5308b6-0d38-4160-b21c-b0de291e7142 | single |
The lead of ECG marked as X is called? | And. B. V4R15 - Lead ECGV4R - 5th intercostal space midclavicular line (same as V4 but on the other side)V8 - On the back, 5th intercostal space midscapular line.V9 - On the Back, 5th intercostal space between V8 and the spine | 2 | Lewis lead | V4R | aVR | Vg | Physiology | Heart, Circulation, and Blood | 4c669239-31bf-437a-8748-76dfc21eeddf | multi |
A microbiologist carries out milk ring test, which is positive. What is the most likely organism? | Milk Ring Test (M) is positive for Brucella. It is used for detection of infected animals in dairy farms, etc. A sample of whole milk is mixed with a drop of Brucella antigen and incubated at 70 degC for 40-50 min. If antibodies are present in the milk the bacilli are agglutinated and rise with the cream to form a blue... | 2 | Salmonella | Brucella | Bordetella | Bacillus anthracis | Microbiology | Bacteriology | b5687684-d22b-47ee-a90b-22aec35b0b9c | single |
Currarino triad includes:- | Currarino triad: Anorectal malformations + Sacrococcygeal osseous defect + presacral mass | 3 | Pre-sacral meningocele + sacral defect + Tethered cord | Ectopic vesicae + Anorectal malformation + Sacrococcygeal ossous defect | Anorectal malformations + Sacrococcygeal osseous defect + Presacral mass | Tethered cord + Anorectal malformations + Ectopia vesicae | Surgery | Pediatric Surgery | 2cec2d7b-b170-4e31-a379-156b4a821f74 | single |
Which enzyme is not seen in urea cycle? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase II* Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I is an enzyme of Urea cycle* Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase II is an enzyme of Pyrimidine synthesis* Enzymes of Urea cycle are:# Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I# Ornithine Transcarbamoylase# Argininosuccinate synthetase# Argininosucci... | 1 | Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase II | Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I | Argininosuccinate Synthetase | Arginase | Biochemistry | Proteins and Amino Acids | acf8b299-1142-4c6b-a2b6-bfd1ce22e366 | single |
Which of the following drug is an antidote for cyanide poisoning? | Ans. A. Amyl nitrateAmyl nitrite is one of antidote of cyanide poisoning. It is given via inhalational route. Hydroxocobalamin is also given for cyanide poisoning via intravenous route. | 1 | Amyl nitrate | Isosorbide dinitrate | Nitroglycerine | Propranolol | Pharmacology | C.V.S | fef5eae3-1244-47a3-ae1c-51108bfe3d84 | single |
Kumar, a 31 yrs old motorcyclist sustained injury over his Right hip joint. X-ray revealed a posterior dislocation of the Right hip joint. The clinical attitude of the affected lower limb will be: | In posterior dislocation of hip, the limb is held in flexion, adduction and internal rotation. It's the opposite in anterior dislocation. The treatment is emergency reduction of the dislocated hip. Ref: Essential Ohopedics By J Maheswari, 2nd Edition, Pages 181-183 | 2 | External rotation, extension and abduction | Internal rotation, flexion and adduction | Internal rotation, extension and abduction | External rotation, flexion and abduction | Surgery | null | 3b695361-744a-45cf-b770-b9dcc55681b4 | single |
The complement is fixed best by which of the following immunoglobulins - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., IgMIgM is the most effective antibody to fix complement. | 2 | IgG | IgM | IgA | IgD | Pathology | null | 4c6d9c84-a4e4-432e-abb8-1e881113b388 | single |
What does a positive schick test indicate? | Immune status of an individual to Corynebacterium diphtheria is assessed by the presence of antitoxin levels or schick test. This test is done by injecting 0.1ml of highly purified toxin into one forearm and 0.1ml of heat inactivated toxin into another forearm as a control. A positive reaction is characterized by a loc... | 3 | Carrier of diphtheria | Immune to diphtheria | Susceptible to diphtheria | Hypersensitivity to diphtheria | Microbiology | null | 66dabb84-40bd-436d-8a81-4ba38fec1237 | single |
A G4P2 lady presented with history of two aboions at 16 weeks and 20 weeks POG. Which of the following could be the most likely reason for these aboions? | Aboions- MC causes 1st trimester - chromosomal causes 2nd trimester - Anatomical cause | 2 | Chromosomal abnormality | Cervical incompetence | Placenta pre | Thyroid abnormality | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | FMGE 2018 | 3f333ff2-d5a0-461c-9311-bde993587827 | single |
Ritters disease is caused by | scalded skin syndrome Ritter disease: This is the scalded skin syndrome, a potentially serious side effect of infection with the Staph (Staphylococcus) bacteria that produces a specific protein which loosens the "cement" holding the various layers of the skin together. This allows blister formation and sloughing of the... | 1 | Staphylococcus aureus | Staphylococcus epidermidis | Staphylococcus albus | Staphylococcus saprophyticus | Dental | Bacterial infections | 74cdf2a0-b060-459d-839d-c71dfd9b2eaf | single |
In the small intestine, cholera toxin acts by- | null | 1 | ADP ribosylation of the G regulatory protein | Inhibition of adenyl cyclase | Activation of GTP ase | Active absorption of NaCl | Microbiology | null | c96eccd0-e3d0-4607-9775-fe3198fc41e2 | multi |
MAO inhibitors should not be used with - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pethidine o Nonselective MAO inhibitors interact with many food constituents and drugs : 1-Cheese reaction o Ceain varieties of cheese, beer, wines, picked meat and fish, yeast extract contain large quantities of tyramine, dopa. o In MAO inhibited patients these indirectly acting sympathomimetic amine... | 2 | Buprenorphine | Pethidine | Pentazocin | Morphine | Pharmacology | null | 588bbb2a-06f5-4808-bbc6-557be249d58d | single |
Meckel&;s diveiculum is patent of | .Sometimes there may be a patent vitello-intestinal duct or a Meckel's diveiculum, which may require resection along with the bowel segment.Intestinal end may remain patent forming Meckel's diveiculum, which may be attached to umbilicus with a fibrous band. Meckel's diveiculum itself can cause diveiculitis, obstruction... | 1 | Vitello intestinal duct | Urachus | Oganic diaphragm | null | Surgery | G.I.T | 3aacfd36-afbf-459f-ae0e-30851b20e54e | multi |
Mycobacterium avium complex infections are common when the CD4+ counts in cells/mm3 are | The CD4+ T-cell count can define the risk of infection with specific organisms. As a rule of thumb, bacterial and tubercular infections are more likely at higher CD4+ counts (>200 cells/mm3). Pneumocystis pneumonia usually strikes at CD4+ counts below 200 cells/mm3, while cytomegalovirus and Mycobacterium avium complex... | 4 | 200 | < 200 | >50 | < 50 | Unknown | null | ddd49991-ed6e-407b-b1eb-881d74956f8f | single |
Joint erosions are not a feature of | Ref Semantischolar.org | 4 | Rheumatoid ahritis | Psoriatic ahritis | Gout | Systemic lupus ehematosus | Medicine | Immune system | c13ceea6-c607-44ef-af6d-f5244dbc4c31 | single |
Polycystic ovaries are associated with : | Endometrial carcinoma | 3 | Hypopituitarism | Ovarian malignancy | Endometrial carcinoma | Adrenal coical hyperplasia | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 462ee7b5-0a3d-49c8-ad0e-27f49248579a | single |
True about Braxton-Hick's contraction are all, except:Maharashtra 09 | Ans. Painful | 2 | Felt at 4th month | Painful | Contraction last for 1 min | Present even when fetus is dead | Forensic Medicine | null | b774f416-210e-49ba-bf87-194f59da4bb2 | multi |
Hypovitaminosis - D causes - | Zonular or lamellar cataract is a congenital type Etiology may be either genetic or environmental in origin. Environmental form is associated with: deficiencyof vitamin D hypocalcemia Sometimes maternal rubella infection contracted between 7th and 8th week of gestation may also cause lamellar cataract. | 1 | Zonular cataract | Blue - Dot cataract | Rosette cataract | Cupliform cataract | Ophthalmology | Lens | c06fc824-89a8-4af8-9f4e-0137a929b123 | single |
Non caseating granuloma is characteristically seen in | ref Robbins 8/e p701 ,9/e p98 NONCASEATING GRANULOMA Sarcoidosis is characterized bynoncaseating granulomas. These are different than the caseating granulomasproduced by other diseases, especially tuberculosis. Caseous necrosis is destruction of cells which are conveed to amorphous greyish debris located centrally ingr... | 2 | Syphilis | Sarcoidosis | TB | Histoplasmosis | Anatomy | General anatomy | f1b9f65b-0b1c-4462-9542-3bbcd7bd4299 | multi |
Treatment for alcoholic hepatitis with discriminant function of >32 is? | Discriminat function of >32 Rx- Predinisolane Discriminant score= 4.6 x + Billirubin ( Normal PT = 11-16) - Alcohol deaddiction - Naltraxone, Acamprosate. - Thiamine - Wernike encephalopathy | 2 | Thiamine | Prednisolone | Disulfiram | Acamprosate | Medicine | Hepatitis | 530e3ce3-49c1-4abf-925f-8d8cb77bc557 | single |
Oocyte at the time of bih, is present in which of the following stage of meiosis? | At Time of bih oocyteis dormant in diplotene stage (resting stage during prophase I) Oocyte and Prenatal period. 3rd month end 5th month 7th month Oogonia are arranged in clusters surrounded by a layer of epithelial cells. Number of germ cells in ovary reaches maximum (7 million) Majority of oocyte degenerate, except f... | 1 | Prophase I | Metaphase I | Anaphase I | Telophase I | Anatomy | Introduction and gametogenesis. | 2b356a18-4e3b-4356-8345-1c3b4358018b | single |
Cytokine produced by TH1 cells | IL-2 produced by TH1 cells induces proliferation of activated T4 cells, Tc cells and some Nk cells. | 1 | IL-2 | IL-4 | IL-5 | IL-6 | Microbiology | null | 82d556f0-9ba8-447b-8dec-530bf810245f | single |
If a patient with Raynaud's disease immersed his hand in cold water, the hand will - | null | 3 | Become red | Remain unchanged | Turn white | Become blue | Surgery | null | b8317cbb-0fee-48a4-9f12-688e66c038f2 | single |
To define still bih, period is specified from - | Death of a foetus weighing 1000g at bih (this is equivalent to 28weeks of gestation.) REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 519 | 4 | 20th week of gestation to 1 week after bih | 28th week of gestation to 1 week after bih | 20th week of gestation to bih | 28th week of gestation to bih | Social & Preventive Medicine | obstetrics,pediatrics and geriatrics | e2f9240b-d64c-40b2-ae98-760abad367df | single |
A fifty year old male feels uncomfoable in using lift, being in crowded places and traveling. The most appropriate line of treatment is: | C i.e., Exposure and response preventionThe treatment of choice for established phobia (eg. agoraphobia) is a combination of exposure to phobic situationsQ with training in coping with panic attacks. | 3 | Counselling | Relaxation therapy | Exposure and response prevention | Cove sensitization | Psychiatry | null | ac6b43be-1d48-42c5-aa36-dc907b42eb39 | single |
The Second most important intracellular cation is | (A) Magnesium # MAGNESIUM is the second most important intracellular divalent cation and is involved in a variety of metabolic processes including glucose metabolism, ion channel translocation, stimulus-contraction coupling, stimulus secretion coupling, peptide hormone receptor signal transduction.> Normal concentratio... | 1 | Magnesium | Calcium | Sodium | Iron | Biochemistry | Miscellaneous (Bio-Chemistry) | 624335d2-ae39-4f85-81f8-9bdca11bb855 | single |
Which of the following types of nerve fibers carry pain - | Ans- D. | 4 | A- alpha | A-beta | A- gamma | A-delta | Physiology | Nerve Physiology | bf446a78-28fb-468f-b126-04d724d46e9c | single |
Tracheostomy done at which level | A 2-3 cm veical or horizontal skin incision is made midway between the sternal notch and thyroid cailage . It&;s a Open surgical technique. Ref- Dhingra 6th edition, page 317. | 2 | T1 | T3 | T4 | T5 | ENT | Diagnostic and operative ENT | e218dd97-0e13-4309-aa55-ef265e0312da | single |
Disease shown in this PFT is best characterized by | Restrictive disorders are characterized by low lung volumes. Diffusing capacity (DLCO) may or not be decreased in pulmonary fibrosis), a type of restrictive disease. A decrease in the forced expiratory volume in one second-forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio is the hallmark of obstructive, not restrictive, disease... | 1 | Low lung volumes | A decrease in the l-second forced expiratory volume-forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio | An increased vital capacity (VC) | A decreased diffusing capacity DLCO) | Unknown | null | 231904e4-67c1-4571-96fc-8643d5537880 | single |
Delayed prolonged bleeding is caused by | EndotheliumDirect injury to endothelial cells causes delayed prolonged bleeding because, endothelial cells are central regulators of hemostasis, the balance between the anti-and prothrombotic activities of endothelium determines whether thrombus formation, propagation or dissolution occurs.Robbins basic pathology 9th e... | 4 | Histamine | Leukocyte dependent injury | IL-I | Direct injury to endothelial cells | Pathology | General pathology | f6e8c36d-97cd-4f40-83f7-a08c00bd0eac | single |
The Cerebellar coex contains all of the following cells except | Pyramidal cells are seen in cerebral coex | 4 | Basket cells | Stellate cells | Purkinje cells | Pyramidal cells | Anatomy | All India exam | 765ed7bb-10c9-41c1-9029-7dbd024ae2a2 | multi |
The effect of trituration on strength in an amalgam restoration depends on | null | 4 | Amalgam alloy | Trituration time | Speed of amalgamator | All the above | Dental | null | fa900550-6a5f-4b39-9b37-cab5ac9d3304 | multi |
Prudent diet is: | (Diet for dietary goal achievement) Prudent diet is diet developed by National nutrition and food policy for achievement of "dietary goal". The Prudent diet recommended by WHO is: * Dietary fat < 20-30 % of total daily intake * Saturated fat <10% of total energy intake. * Avoid excessive consumption of refined carbohyd... | 1 | Diet for dietary goal achievement | Diet, which contains variety of foods to safe guard from deficiencies | on which a person or group lives | Diet, which fulfills recommended daily allowances | Surgery | null | 190152bb-e532-4ce7-a770-b49e0ec2e5cd | multi |
Ureters are identified during surgery by : | A. i.e. Peristalsis due to flow of urineUreters are muscular ducts situated retroperitonially & are identified by peristalsisQ | 1 | Peristalsis d/t flow of urine | Rich aerial plexus | Relation to renal vein & aery | Relation to lumbar plexus | Anatomy | null | 6ef54155-fb34-47b6-ab4c-4a06a6367437 | single |
Uterine artery is a branch of? | ANSWER: (B) Internal iliac arteryREF: BDC 4th edition page 387BRANCHES OF THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY:branches of anterior division: (6 in males, 7 in females)Superior vesicalObturatorMiddle rectalInferior vesical (in males)Vaginal artery (in females)Inferior glutealInternal pudendalUterine artery (in females)Branches of... | 2 | External iliac artery | Internal iliac artery | Aorta | Inferior vesical artery | Anatomy | Blood Vessels of Abdomen and Pelvis | 0fb2d6f9-59f9-4f79-8971-755ead0cb680 | single |
Angular conjunctivitis is caused by: | A i.e. Moraxella Angular or diplobacillary conjunctivitis is caused by Moraxella lacunate or axenfeld Q (mostly) or staphylococci Q and presents with hyperemia of bulbar conjunctiva & lid margins near the angles (i.e. outer & inner canthi) with foamy mucopurulent discharge. It is treated with oxytetracycline Q or zinc ... | 1 | Moraxella | Virus | Bacteroides | Fungus | Ophthalmology | null | 52ba4803-6aca-4180-8d65-9ea4354fbf50 | single |
A married middle aged female gives history of repeated aboions for the past 5 years. The prenatal karyogram of the conceptus is given below: This karyogram suggests the following: | Karyogram shows 3 chromosomes at 21 instead of a pair. It is called Trisomy 21. Trisomy 21 Synonymous with Down's syndrome Most common of the chromosomal disorders. Major cause of mental retardation. -Other trisomies Edward syndrome (Trisomy 18) Patau syndrome (Trisomy 13) Turners syndrome (45 X0) | 3 | Klinefelter's syndrome | Turner's syndrome | Down's syndrome | Patau's syndrome | Pathology | Genetics | e29efa78-605d-48ec-b52d-faf03c76ef57 | single |
Which one of the following is characteristic of mitral valve prolapse syndrome - | Early diastolic murmurs sta at the same time as S2 with the close of the semilunar (aoic & pulmonary) valves and typically end before S1. Common causes include aoic or pulmonary regurgitation and left anterior descending aery stenosis. Mid-diastolic murmurs sta after S2 and end before S1. They are due to turbulent flow... | 1 | Rough mid diatolic murmur | Collapsing pulse | Lound first hea sound | Mid systolic click | Medicine | C.V.S | 1a5999cb-c97f-4283-9e33-10a8e559d904 | single |
Which of the Anti - TB drug can not be used along with Rifampicin | PAS decreases absorption of Rifampicin and hence can to be used with Refampicin. | 3 | Thioacetazone | Bedaquiline | PAS | Ethionamide | Pharmacology | null | bf3c4bb3-3e75-4d3c-adaf-6ee43cb14ea5 | single |
Which of the following pathogenic mechanism is involved in the generation of sarcoidosis: | Pathogenesis of sarcoidosis: Unidentified antigen - CD4+ helper T cells - Non-necrotizing epithelioid granuloma Intra-alveolar and interstitial accumulation of CD4+ helper T-cells. Increase in Th1 cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN-g, resulting in T cell proliferation and macrophage activation, respectively Increase in sev... | 4 | Intra-alveolar and interstitial accumulation of CD4+ T cells | Increased levels of T cell-derived TH1 cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN-g | Increased levels of cytokines in the local environment IL-8, TNF | All of the above | Pathology | Sarcoidosis | e03ee119-6ff5-4be5-8c7f-e8d7999e8ed2 | multi |
Most common organism responsible for gas gangrene is: | MC cause of gas gangrene is Cl. perfringens type A. | 1 | Clostridium perfringens | Clostridium difficile | Clostridium tetani | Clostridium botulism | Microbiology | null | 30cf8dfa-20d2-4e5a-9a11-68c31e72cc92 | single |
Leptomeninges is formed by: | Ans. B Arachnoid and pia materRef: Netter's Clinical Anatomy, 3rd ed. pg. 25* Meninx implies all three layers--dura, arachnoid and inner pia matter.* The dura mater is called pachymeninx.* The middle arachnoid and inner pia matter is called as leptomeninges.* The arachnoid does not follow the convolutions of brain and ... | 2 | Dura mater and Arachnoid | Arachnoid and pia mater | Dura and pia mater | Dura, arachnoid and pia matter | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy | dd4c1d2c-5af3-458b-90d9-cff5320b8ad9 | single |
The facial nerve controls all of the following functions except: | Facial Nerve descends in the posterior wall of the middle ear, behind the pyramid, and emerges through the stylomastoid foramen into the neck.The greater petrosal nerve arises from the facial nerve at the geniculate ganglion.It contains secretomotor (parasympathetic) fibers to the lacrimal gland, submandibular and subl... | 4 | Intensity of the sound reaching the ear | Lacrimation | Salivation | Swallowing | Anatomy | null | ca7225cb-fb69-4057-83ff-b090f380249a | multi |
In order to activate helper/inducer T (CD41) lymphocytes, macrophages release | Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a thymocyte mitogen produced by activated macrophages as well as many other types of cells (e.g., monocytes, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, neutrophils, microglial cells). It induces interleukin 2 production by the helper T cell, which initiates a cascade of immunoregulatory and inflammatory... | 1 | Interleukin 1 | Interleukin 2 | Interleukin 3 | Interleukin 4 | Surgery | Transplantation | 55bad8d7-c10b-4355-913a-c8e1df1aeb81 | single |
C-Carbohydrate in Streptococcus hemolyticus is important for: | Ans. is 'a' i.e Lancefield classification Hemolytic Streptococci were classified by Lancefield, serologically into groups based on the nature of carbohydrate C antigen on the cell wallThese are known as Lancefield groups. Twenty of these have been classified from A-V without I and J.The other component of the streptoco... | 1 | Lancefield classification | Phagocytic inhibition | Toxin production | Haemolysis | Microbiology | Bacteria | ef448cfd-3116-4c26-8218-ff0534643d54 | single |
Histology of Alpo syndrome - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Foamy cells in interstitiumHistological characteristics of Alpo - syndrome :o Diffuse basement membrane thinningo Foam cell in interstitium -4 Due to accumulation of neutral fat and mucopolysaccharideo In advanced stage there is focal or global glomerulosclerosis.o Vascular sclerosiso Tubular atrophyo... | 1 | Foamy cells in interstitium | Foamy cells in tubular epithelial cells | Thickening of GBM > 100 nm | All | Pathology | null | ab603233-6c2a-4eb8-af6b-f380b7bb2a7e | multi |
Sudden onset of cough followed by increased dyspnea is typical of- | Causes of pneumothorax: 1. Primary spontaneous: a)rupture of apical blebs b)smokers 2.secondary : a)copd and any other lung disease 3. Traumatics secondary to thoracentesis,central intravenous catheters 4.tension pneumothorax: during mechanical ventilation may cause decreased venous return and decreased cardiac output. | 1 | Pneumothorax | Lobar pneumonia | Collapse of lung | Acute pleurisy | Medicine | Respiratory system | a251ec18-3c16-47ad-bdc2-bc739fa8f506 | single |
Which of the following lymph nodes receive lymphatic drainage from testes? | Testicular lymphatics drain into the retroperitoneal lymph nodes; the right primarily into the interaoocaval area, the left into the para-aoic area, both just below the renal vessels. Lymph nodes of the testis extend from T1 to L4 but are concentrated at the level of the renal hilum because of their common embryologic ... | 2 | Internal iliac LN | Para aoic LN | Superior inguinal LN | Deep inguinal LN | Anatomy | null | 5dd38884-73ae-4535-9af5-391f5a3412c5 | single |
When the patient has acute viral hepatitis | null | 3 | The treatment should be done with stringent disinfection | The treatment should be carried out with precaution | The treatment should be deferred until active infection resolves | The treatment should be done in isolation | Medicine | null | c9b7425d-0dfd-46e4-b987-d48e17845502 | single |
Which reaction uses propionic acid ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Gluconeogenesis | 2 | Glycolysis | Gluconeogenesis | Glycogenolysis | null | Biochemistry | null | 00231813-1d84-4f64-912d-127f30ca03b2 | multi |
Dispersion of data is measured by -a) Coefficient of correlationb) Rangec) Standard deviationd) Coefficient of variatione) Normal distribution curve | Measure of dispersion (Variation)
Absolute: Range, Quartile deviation, Mean deviation, standard deviation.
Relative: Co-efficient of range, co-efficient of quartile deviation, coefficient of mean deviation, co-efficient of variation. | 4 | a | c | ac | bcd | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | a0908b8d-3a79-4e1b-a940-15b09c236c73 | single |
A neonate presented with fever, lathargy, abdominal distension, Vomiting and constipation. Clinically he was diagnsoed as volvulus nenatarum with suspected perforation. Best investigation would be | .Volvulus neonatorum It is predisposed to by arrested gut rotation with a resultant narrow mesentry of the small bowel and caecum. Symptoms:repeated vomiting,dehydration,abdominal distension Abdominal radiography shows evidence of duodenal obstruction. Laprotomy shows distended stomach and coils of small bowel BAILEY A... | 1 | Plain x-ray | Barium enema | Upper GI endoscopy | Barium meal follow through | Pediatrics | Gastrointestinal tract | d1212a6f-8dee-4ebc-b4ce-442095031e48 | multi |
Which sampling method is used in assessing immunization status of children under an immunization program | null | 4 | Quota sampling | Multistage sampling | Stratified random sampling | Cluster samping | Dental | null | 0a287c76-fb7c-4d59-b00d-7116c4fcbf8c | single |
Activity of factor VIII procoagulant is deficient in: | A i.e. HemophiliaHemophilia A is a disorder of coagulation occurs due to deficiency or reduced activity of factor VIII.FeaturesHemophilia A (Classical hemophilia)Hemophilia B (Christmas disease)DefectDeficiency of coagulant subunit of factor VIII i.e. VIIICfactor VIII=VIIIC + VWFDeficiency of factor IXQPathway ofcoagul... | 1 | Haemophilia | Von Willibrand's disease | ITP | Sickle cell anemia | Physiology | null | b637fbe8-7aa7-49ab-b704-3643a178476f | single |
Soft tissue profile of a thumbsucking patient is | null | 1 | convex | concave | normal | anterior divergent | Dental | null | 9c786e9c-53b5-4a13-8941-39e87ebc3da7 | single |
PKF-I Inhibitor | Phosphofructokinase (PFK) (step 3) of glycolysis is the most impoant rate-limiting enzyme for glycolysis pathway. ATP and citrate are the most impoant allosteric inhibitors. AMP acts as an allosteric activatorRef: DM Vasudevan, Page no: 98 | 2 | AMP | Citrate | Glucose 6 phosphate | Insulin | Biochemistry | Enzymes | 814eac52-c475-40b8-8938-153fb365ee55 | single |
A 55-year-old woman following major abdominal surgery has had discomfort and swelling of her left leg for the past week. On physical examination, the leg is slightly difficult to move, and on palpation there is tenderness. A Doppler sonogram shows thrombosis of deep left leg veins. Which of the following mechanisms is ... | The most important and the most common cause of venous thrombosis is vascular stasis, which often occurs with immobilization. Calcium is a cofactor in the coagulation pathway, but an increase in calcium has minimal effect on the coagulation process. Aspirin inhibits platelet function and limits thrombosis. Nitric oxide... | 2 | Hypercalcemia | Immobilization | Ingestion of aspirin | Nitric oxide release | Pathology | Hemodynamics | 5b7cdf1a-e3d5-4216-b0e0-c1004d24d1cc | single |
In α–thalassemia – | Alpha - thalassemia
People who do not produce enough alpha globin chain have alpha - thalassemia.
Alpha globin chain is made by four genes, each gene contributes to 25% of the a-globin chains.
The severity of a-thalassemia varies greatly depending on the number of α-globin genes affected -
I) Silent carrier state
S... | 2 | Excess α–chain | No α–chain | Excess β–chain | No β–chain | Pediatrics | null | 825a9f90-2e84-4a3a-aadc-8f49d6452109 | single |
A fundamental technique used in psychoanalysis is - | Psychoanalysis is based on the principle of free association, where the patient is asked to say whatever comes to mind. | 4 | Concentration | Hypnosis | Empathy | Free association | Psychiatry | null | 3d2675c6-245e-40c1-8360-eac99a27b294 | single |
In a child ,Most of the speech is intelligible to strangers by the age of ____________ | Emerging patterns for language behaviour from 1-5years of age 15months Jargon Follows simple commands May name a familiar object (e.g., ball) Responds to his/her name 18months 10 words (average) Names pictures Identifies 1 or more pas of the body 24months Puts 3 words together (subject, verb, object) 30months Refers to... | 2 | 30 months | 36 months | 48 months | 60 months | Pediatrics | Growth and development | f841c602-c84c-4445-962c-0a98933d8c48 | single |
Mechanism of action thiazide is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Na+ Cl- synport inhibitor o Na+ absorption at different tubular sites.PT - 65-70%Asc. LH - 20-25%DT - 8-9%CD- 1-2%o Tubular absorption can be divided into four sites.Site I- Proximal tubuleo Four mechanisms of Na4 transport have been defined in this segment -1. Direct entry of Na4 along electrochemica... | 1 | Na+Cl- symport inhibitor | Na+K+ symport inhibitor | Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor | Osmotic diuresis | Pharmacology | Diuretic | 299d8cfd-9750-499d-a8a5-e6bdf14db267 | single |
Which of the following is the most common ocular complication with renal transplantation: | Ans. Cytomegalo virus retinitis | 3 | Cataract | Glaucoma | Cytomegalo virus retinitis | Candida keratomycosis | Ophthalmology | null | cccde5f5-4d00-4b5d-82dc-5d6b56e2fbb6 | single |
Stain used for maturity assessment of amniotic fluid cells : | Nile blue sulfate | 3 | Leishman's stain | Sudan red | Nile blue sulfate | Congo red | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 6d421a6a-f999-4a12-919c-d6361b404953 | single |
A 20 year old man has a testicular mass, which on orchiectomy shows a malignant tumor with yolk sac differentiation. Which of the following tumor markers would probably be most useful in monitoring the patient for recurrent or metastatic disease? | Of the markers listed, alpha-fetoprotein is the best marker for non-seminomatous germ cell tumors of the testes, such as this patient's yolk sac tumor. Alpha-fetoprotein is also a good marker for hepatocellular carcinomas. Bombesin is a marker for neuroblastoma, small cell carcinomas, gastric carcinomas, and pancreatic... | 1 | Alpha-fetoprotein | Bombesin | Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) | Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | Pathology | null | 35d0a42a-d478-4b81-b82a-8f3a12af0247 | single |
If prevalence of diabetes is 10%, the probability that three people selected at random from the population will have diabetes is - | Ref :Parks 23rd edition Prevalence = 10% So probability of selecting a person having DM = 10/100= 0.1 So probability of selecting 3 persons with diabetes = 0.1*0.1*0.1= 0.001 | 3 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.001 | 0.003 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostatistics | c5f160d7-ad62-4769-8001-073410928e83 | single |
Anakinra acts as- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., IL-1 antagonist BIOLOGIC RESPONSE MODIFIER (BRMs)* Several recombinant proteins/monoclonal antibodies that bind and inhibit cytokines, especially TNFa or IL-1 have been used succesfully in autoimmune diseases like RA, IBD, psoriosis or scleroderma.A. TNF-a inhibitorsa. Etanercept# It is a recombinant ... | 2 | IL-1 agonist | IL-1 antagonist | IL-2 agonist | IL-2 antagonist | Pharmacology | Immunomodulator | 7c29b84b-4989-4235-8aef-f44626af5505 | single |
The following is usually the first sign of puberty in girls – | null | 4 | Onset of menstruation | Appearance of pubic hair | Change in voice | Increase in breast size | Pediatrics | null | 057d7563-2e0b-41cd-a80e-847dfc737ecd | multi |
"Fleischer ring" is a distinct feature of NOT RELATED-PATHOLOGY | . | 1 | Keratoconus | Pterygium | Congenital ocular melanosis | Congenital epithelial Melanosis | Pharmacology | All India exam | 410c691f-b65f-44aa-97f7-35b1ca1a0353 | single |
In a community with one lakh population, 20,000 slides were examined in a particular year. Out of these, 100 were positive for malarial parasite. What is the Annual Parasite Incidence (API) in this community ? | null | 3 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 0.5 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | e4d325d1-ddae-4312-b670-d503633032b0 | single |
GLUT3 is seen in | GLUT 3 is a protein channal for facilitated diffusion of glucose it is seen in neurons | 2 | Liver | Neurons | Pancreas | Spleen | Anatomy | General anatomy | 8b3de15a-3c0f-4bcd-926f-26e05ca5cbb9 | single |
Long term use of lithium causes - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hypothyroidism o Lithium can cause hypokalemia.Side effects of lithium1) Neurological: - Tremor is the commonest side effect of lithium. Other CNS side effects are giddiness, ataxia, motor incordination, hyperreflexia, mental confusion, nystagmus.2) Renal: - Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus with polyuri... | 3 | Hypopituitarism | Diabetes mellitus | Hypothyroidism | Hyperthyroidism | Pharmacology | C.N.S | 8409ee38-1922-4ac9-9178-ba699e33e643 | single |
Derealisation and depersonalization are seen in which type of disorder | Derealization: Sensation of changed reality or that one's surroundings have altered. Usually seen in schizophrenia, panic attacks, and dissociative disorders Depersonalization: Sensation of unreality concerning oneself, pas of oneself, or one's environment that occurs under extreme stress or fatigue. Seen in schizophre... | 1 | Dissociative disorder | Personality disorder | Mania | Somatoform disorder | Psychiatry | All India exam | 90dfac1f-008c-494a-8689-aaddf1cf65bf | single |
Maximum 02 concentration attained in venture mask is? | 60% REF: Ajay Yadav 2nd ed p.35 Equipment and oxygen delivered in % * Nasal canula - 44% * Venturi mask - 60% * Oxygen mask - 60% * Ventilators - 100% | 3 | 90% | 100% | 60% | 80% | Anaesthesia | null | 79a4d6e0-fb4d-4ac0-9560-7a9bd24a5280 | single |
Diagnosis is: | Ans. C Right hydropneumothoraxCXR shows lucent (black) lateral aspect of right hemithorax with air fluid level in it-s/o hydropneumothorax. An expiratory CXR better than an inspiratory CXR for a diagnosis of pneumothorax. CT Thorax is IOC for pneumo/hydro- pneumothorax. | 3 | Right pneumothorax | Left pneumothorax | Right hydropneumothorax | Left hydropneumothorax | Radiology | Respiratory System | 03d69442-1f89-4efa-9347-ddb1def69143 | single |
In Wintrobe's method for ESR, anticoagulant used is -a) Double oxalate b) EDTAc) Trisodium citrated) Citrate | null | 3 | ac | a | ab | bc | Pathology | null | 16e4ecd8-e32e-4223-bb5e-f9fd823a1e4e | single |
Which of the following is a not member of HACEK group- | The HACEK groupinclude -Hemophilus parainfluenzae, Hemophilus aphrophilus, Actinobacillus (now Aggregatibacter) actinomycecomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikinella corrodens and Kingella kingae. These are gram negative pleomorphic bacilli which are capnophilic and have fastidious growth requirements. They do not gro... | 2 | Hemophilus aphrophilus | Acinetobacter | Cardiobacterium | Kingella | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Haemophilus, Yersinia, Spirochaetes, Ricketssia, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma and Miscellaneous Bacteria) | d043a81d-0e43-4d69-9768-76634bf4f035 | single |
True statements about congeniatal megacolon include all of the following except: | Ans is 'd' i.e. large stool S. Das writes - "The symptoms appear within 3 days of bih and the presenting features are as follows: i) Constipation ii) Abdominal distention" Nelson writes - "The clinical symptoms of Hirschprung disease usually begin at bih with the delayed passage of meconium." Loud borborygmi is heard d... | 4 | Dilatation & hyper trophy of pelvic colon | Loud borborygmi | Symptoms appear with in 3 days following bih | Large stool | Surgery | null | 9c3f48ec-5bc1-48c2-96c6-d7c43f0dc6ed | multi |
Bupivacaine, a local anaesthetic agent used in the dentistry in the concentration of: | null | 4 | 2% | 4% | 5% | 0.50% | Surgery | null | f0491c3e-4212-4770-b182-4e2fbcf6a6b0 | single |
Which gas is NOT responsible for green house affect - | Carbon monoxide (CO) is not considered a direct greenhouse gas, mostly because it does not absorb terrestrial thermal IR energy strongly enough. Reference: Global changes of planet Eah OECD, page no:48. | 1 | Carbon monoxide | Ozone | Nitrous oxide | Nitrogen | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health | d17dff5c-128a-4cf9-8b55-8627d22be53f | single |
A 45-year-old woman presents with a 6-month history of fatigue and swelling in her neck. Physical examination shows a goiter. A CBC discloses megaloblastic anemia and a normal reticulocyte count. Additionally, there is an elevated serum level of TSH and antithyroid antibodies. Needle aspiration of the left lobe of the ... | This patient has chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (Hashimoto thyroiditis) and pernicious anemia. Pernicious anemia is a megaloblastic anemia that is caused by malabsorption of vitamin B12 due to a deficiency of the intrinsic factor. In many cases, pernicious anemia is associated with other autoimmune diseases (e.g., Has... | 2 | Chief cells | Intrinsic factor | Paneth cells | TSH receptor | Pathology | G.I.T. | 1653b946-25af-4c0b-9408-f6a7ad21d1a2 | multi |
Pubarche is due to ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Testosterone | 3 | GH | Progesterone | Testosterone | Estrogen | Physiology | null | 56a2b4aa-b983-436c-9fa2-090994c507d8 | single |
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