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Which of the following statements is/are true about diaphragm -a) Left side pushed down by heartb) Left side lower than right sidec) Right side lower than left sided) Right side pushed up by livere) Hernia common on left because of weak origin | null | 2 | ace | abde | bcde | ce | Anatomy | null | 1144ba69-fb54-4db4-ab0c-31401ec8e948 | multi |
Muir and Barclay formula is used for | The Muir and Barclay Formula estimates the amount of fluid that needs to be infused during the first 36 hours after a major burn. The Muir and Barclay Formula was described for albumin as the resuscitation fluid.0.5 x percentage body surface area burnt x weight = one poion;Periods of 4/4/4, 6/6 and 12 hours, respective... | 3 | Total parentral nutrition | Acute pancreatitis | Colloid resuscitation in burns | Enhanced recovery in colo-rectal surgery | Surgery | General surgery | 6f485acf-a819-4455-8a17-5e965d1db12f | single |
In pneumatic dilatation for the treatment of achalasia, the cylindrical balloon dilator is dilated upto: | The only effective therapies for achalasia are pneumatic dilatation and Heller myotomy. Pneumatic dilatation - Efficacy is 32-98%, The cylindrical balloon dilator is positioned across the LES and inflated to a diameter of 3-4 cm. The major complication is perforation Also note: The most common surgical procedure for ac... | 3 | 1-2 cm | 2-3cm | 3-4 cm | 5-6 cm | Medicine | null | 4ccf8544-7842-4356-88cb-06453c763798 | multi |
Choline in seminal fluid is detected by | Florence test - Detection of choline.
Barberio's test - Detection of spermine. | 2 | Barberio test | Florence test | ELISA | Agglutination inhibition | Forensic Medicine | null | b790777b-f04c-46f4-a24b-823a173dc64b | single |
The usual incubation period for pertusis is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 7-14 days The incubation period of pertussis is usually 7-14 days, but not more than 3 weeks.More question on PertussisMost infectious during catarrhal stage.Infective period extends from a week after exposure to about 3 weeks after the onset of paroxysmal stage.The source of infection is a case of pe... | 1 | 7-14 days | 3-5 days | 21-25 days | Less then 3 days | Social & Preventive Medicine | Whooping Cough (Pertussis) | a82d8fa0-0761-4c9d-a537-b7dfc5ad2a52 | single |
Lining epithelium of vagina is - | null | 3 | Pseudostratified columnar epithelium | Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium | Non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium | Ciliated columnar epithelium | Anatomy | null | 4f8ef7aa-8513-43b4-a3bc-eac5c3505ba2 | single |
Resolution power of light microscope is | Ans :c) 200 nmThe resolving power of light microscope is limited by the wave length of light. With visible light, using the best optical system, the limit of resolution is 200- 300 nm.Extra points:* Wavelength of electron in Electron microscope- 0.0005nm* Resolving power of electron microscope -1 nm* Reflected light ra... | 3 | 2nm | 20 nm | 200 nm | 2000 nm | Microbiology | General | 7ff6672a-11d2-4623-99e8-5d7233176a70 | single |
Bullous pemphigoidis characterized by | Bullous pemphigoid ischaracterized by non acantholytic blisters on trunk and limbs. .
It is characterized by a negative Nikolsky’s sign, so B is incorrect.
Blisters of bullous pemphigoid are tense and not at all easily ruptured, so C is incorrect.
Typical tense blisters of BP come on red/ urticarial base in elderly pop... | 1 | Blisters coming on urticarial skin | A positive Nikolsky sign | Easily rupturing blisters | Acantholysis | Unknown | null | 7329768b-0685-4ff1-ad4f-c091cbb55b4d | single |
Viral infection that is least transmitted transplacentally: | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hepatitis B (Ref: Arora Microbiology, 3rd/e, p. 702)Rubella and HSV are teratogenic virus, so their transplacental transmission is expected to be high, HIV have 30% transplacental transmission but HBV is least transmitted transpalcentally. | 1 | Hepatitis B | Rubella | Herpes simplex | HIV | Microbiology | Virology | d1de24b8-8e02-4f1a-87ce-f4ac142b8678 | multi |
A 30-year-old man admitted for multiple injuries following an accident receives 8 units of packed RBCs (PRBCs). What is the most likely ABG finding in this patient? | Excessive Blood Transfusion leads to Metabolic Alkalosis. Reason - Citrate is used as an anticoagulant in blood bags. Excessive blood transfusion leads to citrate excess in body. This citrate is conveed to bicarbonate in the liver. This leads to metabolic alkalosis. Other complications include - Hypothermia (MC) Hyperk... | 1 | Metabolic alkalosis | Respiratory alkalosis | Metabolic acidosis | Respiratory acidosis | Medicine | Blood Bank & Transfusion Therapy | 2c3d68ad-e035-4dff-90dc-ef927fa0e743 | single |
Radio iodine is used in treatment of | C i.e. Follicular Cell CA | 3 | Papillary CA thyroid | Medullary CA thyroid | Follicular CA thyroid | Anaplastic CA thyroid | Radiology | null | 82aa26fd-5c18-4f41-bf01-54fdf8ac0670 | single |
The most chemoresistant tumor amongst the following: | Ans. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma | 2 | Synol sarcoma | Malignant fibrous histiocytoma | Osteosarcoma | Clear cell sarcoma | Radiology | null | ce43d743-44d9-4d19-896e-9bbefda9bb56 | single |
A 15-year-old girl after a horrific road traffic accident had to stay in the hospital for 3 days. Since her discharge she developed a fear of travelling on the road. She often has had nightmares and disturbed sleep. She explained that she often feels like living the car accident repeatedly for 3 months. What is the lik... | The principal features of Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are painful re-experiencing of the event (reliving experience, frightening dream with unrecognisable content in children), avoidance (avoiding the things or places involved in the trauma), emotional numbing and constant hyper arousal (anger, irritability, ... | 3 | Dissociative Accident Disorder | Specific Phobia | Post traumatic stress disorder | Somatoform Disorder | Psychiatry | null | 4c65c26a-61f4-4d66-a6e2-49b8143053bc | single |
Third generation cephalosporin that can be given orally is: | Cefixime It is an orally active third generation cephalosporin highly active against Enterobacteriaceae, H. influenzae and is resistant to many beta-lactamases. ESENTIALS OF MEDICAL PHARMACOLOGY page no.728 | 1 | Cefixime | Cefpirome | Cefaclor | Cefadroxil | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy | 40575798-f5f3-40ae-8ec5-0041790c3b40 | multi |
Liver is darkly pigmented in | Dubin Johnson syndrome
Autosomal recessive
Liver darkly pigmented. | 1 | Dubin Johnson syndrome | Gilbert syndrome | Rotor syndrome | Crigler - Najar syndrome | Medicine | null | ba0ae859-26ab-4d7b-b7ca-64aa24869e6f | single |
Metronidazole is a type of: | null | 3 | Broad spectrum antibiotic | Quinolone | Imidazole derivative | Antidepressant | Pharmacology | null | bfc2c858-1470-4cde-913c-19c2cbabb043 | single |
In a patient with bronchial asthma silent chest signifies | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Grave Prognosis Silent chest (Little/no air movement without wheezes in Bronchial Asthma suggests a grave prognosis/impending respiratory failure (Life threatening Asthma). Signs of impending respiratory failure include : Drowsiness or confusion Diaphoresis Bradycardia Paradoxical thoraco abdominal Si... | 3 | Good Prognosis | Bad Prognosis | Grave Prognosis | Not a Prognostic sign | Medicine | null | 8cc24488-c86a-45b2-89b6-30908309e9a2 | single |
Trendelenburg sign is due to paralysis of | TRENDELENBURG SIGN:- Normally,when the body weight is suppoed on one limb,the glutei of the suppoed side raise the opposite and unsuppoed side of the pelvis. However,if the abductor mechanism is defective,the unsuppoed side of the pelvis drops- Trendelenburg sign +ve. Sign is positive in defects of power- paralysis of ... | 2 | Gluteus maximus | Gluteus medius | Pyriformis | Obturator externus | Anatomy | Lower limb | 9016d9cf-33b8-422c-90f1-40a70fa071ed | single |
Voyeurism is? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sexual gratification by watching the act of sexual intercourse o Voyeurism (Scoptophilia, Peeping tom): Sexual gratification is obtained by looking at the sexual organs of other persons, watching the act of sexual intercourse, or witnessing undressing by a womano Fetichism- Fetish is an abnormal stimu... | 1 | Sexual gratification by watching the act of sexual intercourse | Use of such objects for sexual gratification | Sexual gratification is by self pain | Sexual gratification by rubbing private part | Forensic Medicine | Sexual Offenses and Dowry Death | 067ce663-d239-4b46-af53-583fb9b5905f | single |
Extentsion of neck occurs at | C1 and C2 form a unique set of aiculations that provide a great degree of mobility for the skull. C1 serves as a ring or washer that the skull rests upon and aiculates in a pivot joint with the dens or odontoid process of C2. Approximately 50% of flexion extension of the neck happens between the occiput and C1; 50% of ... | 1 | Atlanto-occipital joint | C4-C5 veebra | Atlantoaxial joint | C6-C7 | Anatomy | Head and neck | 59f70ca0-e649-4947-be4d-c14835c40102 | single |
In early pregnancy, the doubling time of the concentration of human chorionic gonadotropin in plasma in- | Ans-B | 2 | 1 day | 2 days | 3 days | 5 Days | Unknown | null | b6b8ac36-58ea-4f79-bb1a-8abdac61a5f8 | single |
"Apple jelly nodules on diascopy are seen in" | It is the most form of cutaneous TB characterized by chronic,progressive,itch,annulor skin lesions with cetrol scarring,dioscopy(pressing with glass slide) reveals "Apple jelly nodules" | 2 | Lichen schafuloceum | Lupus vulgaris | Psoriasis vulgorir | Scrofuloderma | Dental | null | 2dbb3e20-709a-4a67-b400-75812dcb9777 | single |
Given below is a clinical feature often associated with a tumour, what is the tumour? | Hyperophic osteoahropathy is encountered in 1% to 10% of patients with lung carcinoma. Rarely, other forms of cancer are involved. This disorder is characterized by(1) periosteal new bone formation, primarily at the distal ends of long bones, metatarsals, metacarpals, and proximal phalanges; (2) ahritis of the adjacent... | 1 | Lung carcinoma | Renal cell cancer | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Colon cancer | Pathology | General pathology | 01e40ff2-4cb4-4268-b70e-092ec386560f | single |
Surest indicator of reversal of anaesthesia is | After reversal * good muscle tone - as assessed clinically .being able to cough, raise his or her head from the pillow for at least 5 s, protrude the tongue and have good grip strength | 1 | Head lift for 5 seconds | Hand grip for 5 seconds | TOF > 0.9 | Tongue depression | Anaesthesia | Preoperative assessment and monitoring in anaesthesia | 1ff4667d-ebcb-4414-a71c-3266b6bb14b9 | single |
A 3 yr old completely unimmunised child comes to an immunization clinic at PHC for the first time. He should receive | . | 2 | BCG, Measles, Vitamin - A | DT-1, OPV-1, Measles, Vitamin - A | BCG, DPT - 1, OPV - 1, Measles, Vitamin - A | DPT-1, OPV-1, Measles, Vitamin - A | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology | 60de4199-945a-45ba-8f1c-73a753f4f025 | single |
For international comparison stillbih is applied to fetus weighing more than | Ref:Park's Text book of Preventive and Social Medicine 25th ed | 1 | 1000 gms | 1500 gms | 700 gms | 2800 gms | Social & Preventive Medicine | obstetrics,pediatrics and geriatrics | 550f892f-81d4-4f16-b21e-0b46be1aea1f | single |
Nucleosides consist of? | null | 3 | sugar + phosphate | Sugar + uric acid | Base + sugar | Base + sugar + phosphate | Biochemistry | null | e0f4678b-05b5-4e80-827d-6ffc9dc6f506 | single |
True regarding FLAIR MRI | T2-FLAIR stands for T2-weighted-Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) is a pulse sequence used in magnetic resonance imaging which was invented by Dr. Graeme Bydder. FLAIR can be used with both three-dimensional imaging (3D FLAIR) and two dimensional imaging (2D FLAIR). The pu... | 2 | CSF appears bright on T2-FLAIR | It negates the fluid signals. | FLAIR stands for Fluid Attenuation Induction and Recovery. | All of the above | Radiology | Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 73114941-3a7c-46d2-a7e1-f1d866ef4c46 | multi |
A patient in ICU seemed to be very aggressive and restless. He is pulling out all the i.v lines. Duty doctor administered a muscle relaxant which has a fast onset of action and asked the nurse to sta iv fluids. Which among the following muscle relaxant has the fastest onset of action? | Rocuronium is a monoquaternary steroid analogue of vecuronium was designed to provide a rapid onset of action. Rocuronium is the fastest acting nondepolarizing muscle relaxant. Rocuronium (at a dose of 0.9-1.2 mg/kg) has an onset of action that approaches succinylcholine (60-90 s), making it a suitable alternative for ... | 2 | Vecuronium | Rocuronium | Mevacuronium | Atracuronium | Anaesthesia | null | 62480fb4-21fa-47f2-814f-7a59c2907b53 | multi |
All of the following nerves are involved in the process of erection of penis, EXCEPT? | Erection is parasympathetic and emission and ejaculation are parasympathetic. The erectile response is mediated by a combination of central (psychogenic) innervation and peripheral (reflexogenic) innervation. Sensory nerves that originate from receptors in the penile skin and glans converge to form the dorsal nerve of ... | 3 | Pudendal nerve | Sacral plexus | Hypogastric plexus | Nervi erigentes (S2,3,4) | Anatomy | null | 90e23e2d-a5bc-4cf9-8d3c-22adf82374ed | multi |
A three-year-old child is brought to the emergency department having just ingested a large overdose of an antihistaminic drug. This drug is a weak base capable of entering most tissues including the brain. On physical examination the heart rate is 100/minute, blood pressure is 110/60 mm Hg and the respiratory rate is 2... | - Ionization of acidic drugs is increased in alkaline urine and vice versa. Ionized drugs cannot cross the plasma membrane easily. So is not reabsorbed into the blood from the tubules. Hence, enhanced excretion of the acidic drug through alkaline urine or basic drug through acidic urine.
- A basic drug would be ionize... | 1 | Urinary excretion would be accelerated by administration of NH4Cl, an acidifying agent | Urinary excretion would be accelerated by administration of NaHCO3, an alkalinizing agent | More of the drug would be ionized at blood pH than at stomach pH | Absorption of the drug would be faster from the stomach than from the small intestine. | Pharmacology | null | f8c0e28c-883f-49b1-acff-509cb8e42b06 | multi |
Which is an omega-9 fatty acid? | Unsaturated fatty acids are also designated o3 (omega 3) family--Linolenic acids o6 family--Linoleic and Arachidonic acids ( o9 family--Oleic acid.Ref: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 8th edition, page no: 76 | 2 | Arachidonic acid | Oleic acid | Linolenic acid | Cervonic acid | Biochemistry | Metabolism of lipid | 9e926cb7-5de5-45e2-9391-ccad4413bf3d | single |
During the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia, cytogenetic is least likely to occur with which one of the following modalities of treatment ? | null | 1 | Hydroxyurea | Imatinib mesylate | Interferon-alpha | Bone marrow transplantation | Medicine | null | 66356f59-98c7-4c19-85c6-21e48e7244ef | single |
The most impoant regulator of serum 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D concentration is | A major function of parathyroid hormone is to act as a trophic hormone to regulate the rate of formation of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D. The mechanism by which parathyroid hormone exes this effect may be secondary to its effects on phosphorus metabolism. Other hormones, including prolactin and estrogen, also may playa role in ... | 4 | Serum calcium | Serum magnesium | Serum 25 (OH) vitamin D | Parathyroid hormone | Medicine | Endocrinology | 429d02ef-d3c1-4b7a-a428-321f0d01e6f2 | single |
Diaphysis fracture involves? | ANSWER: (B) Long boneREF: Turek's orthopaedics: principles and their application - page 10"The diaphysis is the main or mid-section (shaft) of a long bone"Long bones are found in the extremities: the arms, legs, hands, and feet (but not the wrists or ankles). As their name indicates, long bones have a long central shaf... | 2 | Skull bones | Long bone | Sternum | Ribs | Orthopaedics | Anatomy of Bone & Fracture Healing | 2cf6abd6-b776-4131-9483-0d6ba3b980cc | single |
Coxsackie group A commonly cause ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Aseptic meningitis . Aseptic meningitis is caused by all types group B Coxackies viruses and by many group 'A' Coxsakie viruses most commonly A7 and A9. About other options . Acute hemorrhagic conjuctivitis can be caused by Coxsackie virus A-24, but it is not common. Mostly it is caused by enterovirus... | 2 | Conjunctivits | Aseptic meningitis | Hepatitis | Myocarditis | Microbiology | null | 9cbd2c99-f53e-4e83-9e2d-21caf86c232e | single |
Ferric chloride test is used to diagnose: | a. Pheylketonuria(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 636-642; Ghai 8/e p 653-655)Ferric chloride test is used to determine the presence or absence of phenols in a given sample.FeCl3 test with urine gives green colour in Phenylketonuria (detects phenylalanine in urine). | 1 | Phenylketonuria | Alkaptonuria | Hartnup disease | Cystinuria | Pediatrics | Inborn Errors of Metabolism | 7928ce02-9fd2-484d-8471-830aabc1df08 | single |
Relative risk 2 means ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Incidence rate is 2 times higher in exposed group than non-exposed It is very impoant to know the difference between relative risk and attributable risk. | 4 | Risk of developing disease is 2 times higher among nonexposed | 30% of disease among exposed is due to risk facter | 200% increase in risk of developing disease among exposed | Incidence rate is 2 times higher in exposed group than non-exposed | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 6f6e8d29-87a3-49d8-9087-d5e33be969a0 | multi |
which of the following is type of histironic personality disorder | * HISTIRIONIC * Theatrical behavior * Superficial charming * Life and soul of the pay * Craving for attention, appreciation and affection * Excessive reaction to minor events( over act) * Egocentricity * Seductiveness * manipulative Ref.Kaplon and Sadock, synopsis of psychiatry, 11 th edition, pg no.744 | 1 | theaterical and dramatic | odd and excentric | magical thinking | black and white thinking | Psychiatry | Personality disorders | 099fe54f-2649-4fe9-a473-8965f1a24651 | single |
In morbid obesity BMI is greater than? | 40 REF: Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 18th ed chapter 17 Morbid obesity is defined as being either 100 lb above ideal body weight, twice ideal body weight, or a body mass index (BMI, measured as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 40 kg/m2. The latter definition is more accepted internationally ... | 3 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | Surgery | null | e2504186-dcaf-4612-ab11-adcc4b6377d3 | single |
Maximum PUFA is seen in - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Safflower oil [Ref: Park 23rd/ep.6II\o Richest source of polyunsaturated fatty acid - Safflower oil.o Richest source of monounsaturatedfatty acid - Palm olein oilo Richest source of saturated fatty acid - Coconut oil. | 3 | Coconut oil | Mustard oil | Safflower oil | Soyabean oil | Social & Preventive Medicine | General | b88b1146-666b-4b40-ab1e-5cdf7bd2384e | single |
Drug useful in breast cancer is ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tamoxifen Pharmacotherapv of breast cancer Many breast carcinomas possess estrogen receptors Estrogen promotes their growth. Drugs which decrease the action of estrogen on breast CA by one or other mechanisms, can be used in breast CA. Drugs used in Breast cancer Selective estrogen receptor modulators... | 1 | Tamoxifen | Cyproterone | Testosterone | Chlorambucil | Pharmacology | null | 2c8ce794-1790-4a7c-8ad4-a2c47878024f | single |
In Retinitis pigmentosa, following are true except: | D i.e. ERG normal - Typical retinitis pigmentosa/primary pigmentary retinal dystrophy is hereditary disorder affecting rodes more than cones and characterized by night blindness, tubular vision, annular (ring) scotoma bony spicule pigmentation, aeriolar attenuation and waxy pallor of optic discQ. - In Retinitis pigment... | 4 | Pigments present | Pale waxy disc | Narrowing of vessels | ERG-normal | Ophthalmology | null | ef4baf77-c499-42e6-a7e4-bfe085468518 | multi |
Righting reflex is a ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Vestibular reflex Vestibular reflexesThe information collected by vestibular apparatus leads mainly to reflex adjustment in posture and eye movements.Vestibular reflexes are -Tonic labyrinthine reflexRighting reflex (labyrinthine righting reflex)Visual reflex vestibulo-ocular reFlex) | 3 | Cochlear reflex | Spinal reflex | Vestibular reflex | None of the above | Physiology | null | 64fc3371-2e53-440c-9d5c-460717f8422f | multi |
Submandibular gland is situated in: | The digastric triangle is subdivided into anterior and posterior parts by the stylomandibular ligament, which extends from the tip of the styloid process to the angle of the mandible. The posterior part of the triangle is continuous above with the parotid region.
Contents in the anterior part of the triangle:
Submandi... | 1 | Digastric triangle | Carotid triangle | Muscular triangle | Deep to hyoglossus muscle | Anatomy | null | 16e74a59-5085-49cb-a2f8-92a11274188d | single |
Posterior epistaxis is commonly seen in - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hypertension o Posterior epistaxis is usually spontaneous (due to high BP or atherosclerosis) and is sever enough to requires hospitalization and posterior nasal pack.Epistaxiso Epistaxis refers to bleedingfrom the nose. Epistaxis is a common and often self limiting disease that affects men and women ... | 3 | Children with ethmoidal polyps | Foreign bodies of the nose | Hypertension | Nose picking | ENT | Nose and PNS | 3cd00dad-2344-4cd2-8051-a1c7dc3fd80f | single |
A 70-year-old man who had been treated for small cell carcinoma of the lung develops marked weakness of his legs and arms. He also complained of mouth dryness, double vision, and drooping upper eyelids. On physical examination there is diffuse muscle weakness and wasting. A muscle biopsy is normal. Laboratory studies d... | Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Lambert-Eaton syndrome is a paraneoplastic disorder that manifests as muscular weakness, wasting, and fatigability of the proximal limbs and trunk. Also termed myasthenic-myopathic syndrome, the disease is usually associated with small cell carcinoma of the lung, although it may also ... | 3 | Becker muscular dystrophy | Dermatomyositis | Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome | Myasthenia gravis | Pathology | Peripheral Nerve & Skeletal Muscles | 236c531d-0569-4e0e-bed2-7b8d93eee67a | multi |
Treatment of choice for Clinically Significant Macular Edema in a diabetic is? | Focal Photocoagulation REF: Yanoff & Ducker- ophthalmology 2nd edition page 867, 884 While the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study demonstrated the visual benefit of focal photocoagulation for clinically significant macular edema, the CME component does not respond as well to laser photocoagulation. Patz was the... | 2 | Control of Diabetes | Focal Photocoagulation | Panretinal Photocoagulation | Vitreoretinal Surgery | Ophthalmology | null | 5d0aabe7-e137-4667-86ed-a407db250cc8 | multi |
All are the features of Paget's disease except- | *Paget's disease is slightly more common in males and is seen after 40years of age. Paget&;s Disease (Osteitis Deformans) # Excess of bone destruction & =organized bone formation and repair. The 2 nd most common bone disorder in the U.S. # The etiology is unknown # Usually affects the axial skeleton, veebrae and skull,... | 2 | Defect in osteoclasts | Common in female | Can cause deafness | Can cause osteosarcoma | Anatomy | Metabolic and endocrine disorders | a855d60c-6c05-4ff1-9699-1b23aa7b14f1 | multi |
In a neuron, graded electrogenesis occurs at: | Graded electrogenesis is local potential generation of which occurs in dendrite or, soma.
Neurons generally have some important zones:
A receptor, or dendritic zone, where multiple local potential generated by synaptic connections are integrated;
A site where propagated action potentials are generated (the initial se... | 1 | Soma-dendritic zone | Initial segment | Axon | Nerve ending | Physiology | null | 22194dc7-e8e6-4ab8-bf57-2279ec86f291 | single |
A child presents with linear verrucous plaques on the trunk with vacuolization of keratinocytes in S.Spinosum and S.Granulosum. Diagnosis is? | Verrucous epidermal nevus
Verrucous epidermal nevus consists of hyperplasia of the surface epidermis and typically appears as verrucous papules that coalesce to form well demarcated, skin-coloured to the brown, papillomatous plaque.
Most lesions are present at birth and develop during infancy. They enlarge slowly duri... | 3 | Incontinenta pigmenti | Delayed hypersensitivity reaction | Verrucuous epidermal nevus | Linear darriers disease | Dental | null | f8cc81df-fec4-41a8-9a36-8ce52cd1487f | single |
18 year old girl presents with amenorrhea, anorexia, weight loss and with milk discharge from the nipples. What is the likely diagnosis? | Anorexia nervosa H v pothvroidism It can be easily ruled out as it causes weight gain and menorrhagia. HIV H.I.V does not ause menstrual symptoms. Galactorhoea is also not associated with H.I.V. Occult carcinoma Is a small carcinoma either asymptomatic or giving rise to metastasis without symptoms due to primary carcin... | 3 | HIV | Occult carcinoma | Anorexia nervosa | Hypothyroidism | Surgery | null | 240891f1-ef8e-48bb-9239-26d5ca1b2ccf | single |
The anticoagulant normally present in animal cell is: | Harper – 603
Heparin is used in clinical medicine to inhibit coagulation because it binds to the specific cationic site of antithrombin III, inducing a conformational change and promoting its binding to thrombin as well as to its other substrates. | 2 | Vitamin K. | Heparin. | Hyaluronidase. | Dicoumarol. | Physiology | null | 5816c460-cea5-4f1f-8530-3410a81a5a09 | multi |
Nanovalent vaccine offers protection against which type of HPV virus: | HPV vaccines Gardasil 9 For types 6,11,16,18,31,33,45,52,58 Gardasil 4 For types 6,11,16,18 Cervarix For types 16,18 Age when vaccine should be given is 9-25 yrs. | 2 | Types 6,8,10,11,31,33,45,52 & 58 | Types 6,11,16,18,31,33,45,52,58 | Types 6,11,16,18,31,38,44,55,58 | Types 6,11,16,18,19,31,32,33,34 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Cervical Carcinoma | f9627e25-9e04-4c68-b348-31a468ab6ef5 | single |
Movements of pronation and supination occurs in all the following upper limb joints, EXCEPT: | Supination and pronation movements are not possible in radio-carpal(wrist) joint because the aicular surfaces are ellipsoid shaped. Supination and pronation movements are possible in superior, middle and inferior radio-ulnar joints. Ref: Human Anatomy, B D Chaurasia, 4th Edition, Volume 1, Chapter 10, Page 151; Clinica... | 4 | Superior radio - ulnar joint | Middle radio - ulnar joint | Inferior radio - ulnar joint | Radio - carpal joint | Anatomy | null | 7918b3b6-6c1b-460e-8da0-036547799816 | multi |
Apple–jelly nodules are seen in – | "Apple jelly nodules" : - Characterized by yellow-brown nodules with tiny darker granules. On probing, the nodules are soft jelly-like seen in cutaneous TB infection Lupus vulgaris. | 1 | Lupus vulgaris | DLE | Lichen planus | Psoriasis | Dental | null | df731464-5dff-4eaf-a4e5-91e5b461326f | single |
Bromocriptine is agonist of - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dopamine Bromocriptineo It is synthetic ergot derivativeo It is a potent dopamine agonist.o It has greater action on D2 receptors, while at certain dopamine sites in brain it acts as partial agonis or antagonist of D1 receptor.o It is also a weak a-adrenergic blocker.o The actions of bromocriptine is ... | 1 | Dopamine | Serotonine | Acetylcholine | Epinephrine | Pharmacology | Anti-Parkinsonism | 8d00a533-c2e5-4037-a284-608e4e3201e2 | single |
Klumpke's paralysis involves the following EXCEPT | Ans. a (C6) (Ref. BDC 4th/Vol. 1 53)BRACHIAL PLEXUS INJURIES# Brachial plexus palsy due to birth injury has three general patterns of involvement:- Erb's palsy, involving C5 and C6 roots;- Klumpke's paralysis, involving C8 and Tl; and- Whole arm paralysis, where the extent of involvement of individual roots may vary.Er... | 1 | C6 | C8 | C7 | T1 | Orthopaedics | Peripheral Nerve Injuries | 67262482-4983-41f0-a493-ff7ac0cf2326 | multi |
The most impoant factor for maintaining arches of the foot is | Factors in maintaining arches of foot are1 The shape of the bones concerned.2 intersegmental ties/staples or ligaments (and muscles) that hold the different segments of the arch together.3 Tie beams or bowstrings that connect the two ends of the arch.4 Slings that keep the summit of the arch pulled up.5 Suspension"The ... | 2 | Shapes of bones | Ligaments of plantar aponeurosis | Tendons of muscles | Intearsal joints | Anatomy | Lower limb | 40204537-da6c-46de-9a04-039b68570bfb | single |
Drug of choice against influenza is - | Specific antiviral therapy is available for influenza ( Table 187-3 ): the neuraminidase inhibitors zanamivir, oseltamivir, and peramivir for both influenza A and influenza B and the adamantane agents amantadine and rimantadine for influenza A. A 5-day course of oseltamivir or zanamivir reduces the duration of signs an... | 3 | Acyclovir | Gancyclovir | Zanamivir | Indinavir | Medicine | Infection | ad7c06af-dbe8-476c-91ee-02a79b0b9872 | single |
The most effective treatment for Blepharospasm is | (C) Botulinum toxin # Botulinum toxin is currently the treatment of choice for blepharospasm. Botulinum toxin injections (Botox is a widely known example) have been used to induce localized, partial paralysis. Among most sufferers, botolinum toxin injection is the preferred treatment method.> Injections are generally a... | 3 | Trihexphenidyl | Surgical ablation of nerve to orbicularis | Botulinum toxin | Dietary supplement of magnesium chloride | Ophthalmology | Miscellaneous | 23c86e83-94e7-4eec-8ac8-2d48a565c8da | single |
The clinical manifestation of canda equina lesion include the following except- | Cauda equina syndrome (CES) signifies an injury of multiple lumbosacral nerve roots within the spinal canal distal to the termination of the spinal cord at L1-2. Low back pain, weakness and areflexia in the legs, saddle anesthesia, or loss of bladder function may occur. The problem must be distinguished from disorders ... | 4 | Urinary retention | Radicular pain | Saddle anasthesia | Extensor plantar reflexes | Medicine | C.N.S | 812f0803-e05f-4a56-81c2-6b48ccc22df8 | multi |
Most Common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage is: March 2009 | Ans. B: Saccular aneurysm rupture Excluding head trauma, the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is hemorrhage from an intracranial aneurysm. Other causes include vascular malformations, tumors, and infection. The management of aneurysmal SAH has changed due to superiority of early surgery for clipping o... | 2 | Rupture of bridging veins | Saccular aneurysm rupture | Hypeension | Idiopathic | Medicine | null | 9b90707b-2dfa-4217-a29d-68dce441f9b3 | single |
An old woman is required to receive 4 cycles of cancer chemotherapy. After her first cycle, she developed chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia. Then in the next cycle, it would be appropriate to give this patient: | Oprelvekin acts like megakaryocyte colony stimulating factor and can be used to treat and prevent chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia. Filgrastim (G-CSF) and sargramostim (GM-CSF) are used to prevent leucopenia. Iron Dextran (i/v or i/m) is used in Anaemia. | 4 | Darbopoietin alpha | Filgrastim (G-CSF) | Iron dextran | Oprelvekin (IL-11) | Pharmacology | Hematology | 9ace3bfd-315a-406e-a17f-7e457b37dd21 | single |
When a drug binds to the receptor and causes action opposite to that of agonist this is called as ? | null | 3 | Complete Agonist | Partial Agonist | Inverse agonist | Neutral antagonist | Pharmacology | null | 6eec5745-fb86-449b-b9b9-8338834b36ba | multi |
Which of the following is not a risk factor for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment? | Hypermetropia is not a risk factor for Rhegmatous retinal detachment. Risk factors for RRD * Lattices * Retinal tears * High myopia * Trauma * Intraocular surgery * Aphakia *Drugs such as pilocarpine | 4 | Trauma | Aphakia | Lattices | Hypermetropia | Ophthalmology | Retina | 79f8ed63-fee4-491b-9630-6382919e9b2c | single |
Lack of fusion of maxillary and medial nasal process results in | Human embryology Tenth edition Inderbir Singh Page no 160 When one or both maxillary process don't fuse with medial nasal process give rise to defect in upper lip | 4 | Upper hare lip | Lower hare lip | Cleft palate | Cleft palate and cleft lip | Anatomy | General anatomy | 9632c78f-4909-4097-963d-6578bbfe4675 | single |
Which of the following parameter is used to assess the rate of drug absorption | * Cmax - maximum plasma concentration of a drug that can be obtained after giving a paicular dose. Depends on dosage * AUC - Area under curve tells the EXTENT OF ABSORPTION * Tmax - Time in which concentration become maximum. tells the RATE OF ABSORPTION | 1 | Tmax | Cmax | Half life | Area under the curve | Pharmacology | Pharmacokinetics | a407955e-5a1b-4d50-846f-cd760b2f13fa | single |
Which complication you would expect during internal podalic version in case of transverse lie? | This manoeuvre is currently used only for the delivery of a second twin. It consists of the inseion of a hand into the uterine cavity to turn the fetus manually. Complications of internal podalic version in mother: Uterine rupture Hemorrhage Complications of internal podalic version in child Traumatic intracerebral hem... | 1 | Uterine rupture | Cervical laceration | Uterine atony | Vaginal laceration | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 79ca2108-a760-46a0-b6d3-e8bdd2506719 | single |
Sullivan&;s index is indicator of | SULLIVAN&;S INDEX also known as Disability Free Life Expectancy (DFLE) is a method to compute life expectancy free of disability. *It is calculated by formula:L Lifeexpectancy {\displaystyle -} duration of disability . Health expectancy calculated by Sullivan's method is the number of remaining years, at a paicular age... | 4 | Burden of disease | Literacy rate | Moality rate | Disability rate | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of health and disease | 4885b419-8f09-4ca7-9b61-b2c30e613ad4 | single |
In Marshall - Marchetti - Krantz (MMK) colposuspension for stress urinary incontinence, Pubocervical fascia is attached to | Pubocervical fascia is attached to symphysis pubis in MMK colposuspension repair for stress urinary incontinence. | 2 | Cooper Ligament | Symphysis pubis | Inguinal Ligament | Pectineal Ligament | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 245609e4-8eef-472d-9ec3-3be003227473 | multi |
Most common cause of anterior staphyloma- | Anterior staphyloma. An ectasia of psuedocornea(the scar formed from organised exudates andfibrous tissue covered with epithelium) whichresults after total sloughing of cornea, with irisplastered behind it is called anterior staphyloma. REF:Comprehensive ophthalmology,20th edition,AK Khurana,pg no.122. | 3 | High myopia | Scleritis | Corneal ulcer | Trauma | Ophthalmology | Cornea and sclera | 076519f3-e789-434a-ad68-6515daf489d4 | single |
Following have no lymphatics except | . | 3 | Brain | Internal Ear | Dermis | Eye | Pathology | All India exam | b8140d51-879d-4bbf-94b0-8893639dc837 | multi |
How long will IVeponema pallidum survive in blood stored under oridanry refrigeration? | Treponema pallidum does not survive refrigeration for more than three days. Ref Harrison20th edition pg 1079 | 3 | Few hours | 1 week | 3 days | Several years | Medicine | Infection | 31fac91f-8334-4baa-bc1a-6d7dd713c038 | multi |
Which of the following is not true about testicular tumor? | About 95% of testicular tumours are Germ cell tumours. Embryonal carcinoma is a type of non seminomatous germ cell tumour. Pure embryonal carcinoma constitutes 30% of germ cell tumours but areas of embryonal carcinoma are present in about 40% of germ cell tumours. Teratomas spreads mainly through blood ( to lungs, live... | 1 | About 95% are embryonal tumors | 10% are bilateral | Pulmonary metastases suggest that the tumor is teratoma | Lymphatic spread is to retroperitoneal and intrathoracic lymph nodes | Surgery | Urology | e204a321-b6d7-48dd-88d2-9ac739ea8db3 | multi |
Child requiring repeated short-acting bronchodilators and what could be next line of management – | Tolerance is a potential problem with β2 agonists.
So, β2 agonists should not be used on any regular schedule due to tolerance, bronchial hyperactivity not reduced on continuous use.
It is advised that patients requiring regular medication should be treated with inhaled steroids and use of (β2 agonist inhaler should be... | 2 | Methylxanthines | Short acting budesonide | Oral prednisolone | Montelukast | Pediatrics | null | 503b4ba9-b23d-4b2a-acb9-67bb83dcc87c | single |
Typical feature of thoracic veebrae ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hea shaped Thoracic veebrae There are 12 thoracic veebrae. T2-T9 are typical thoracic veebrae and Tl, TIO, Tl 1, T12 are atypical thoracic veebrae. Characteristic features of typical thoracic veebra : -Body is medium sized and hea shaped.Spinous process is long and inclined downward.Veebral foramen is... | 1 | Hea shaped | Large body | Triangular veebral foramen | null | Anatomy | null | 90ed77b3-d254-43c6-8dec-213702746e3c | multi |
What is the length of the lower esophageal sphincter? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 3-5 cm [Ref: McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modem Medicine. 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.)* Lower esophageal sphincter is a zone of 3-5 cm located at the junction of the distal esophagus and gastric cardia acting as a physical barrier in preventing gastric reflux. | 2 | l-2cm | 3-5 cm | 0.5-0.8cm | 7-10cm | Anatomy | Thorax | 57e1807d-840f-45f9-93f9-7691a409e880 | single |
E. B. Virus causes all EXCEPT - | EB virus infection leads to Infectious mononucleosis, Burkitt's lymphoma , Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in persons of Chinese origin Lymphoma in immunodeficient persons such as AIDS. REF:ANATHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 8TH EDITION PAGE NO:475 | 4 | Infectious mononucleosis | Nasopharyngeal carcinoma | Burkitt's Lymphoma | Carcinoma cervix | Microbiology | Virology | 0fd84864-001c-4ab3-956c-edf609e7006e | multi |
Drug preferred in generalized tonic clonic seizure: | (Ref: Katzung, 14th ed. pg. 426; KDT 6th ed. pg. 407-408)* Given the choices the answer will be Na+ Valproate* According to Harrisons 19th ed. the current recommendable drug of choice for GTCS is LAMOTRIGINE > Na+ Valproate. | 2 | Phenytoin | Na+ Valproate | Carbamazepine | Diazepam | Pharmacology | C.N.S | 9c1a1573-7bbb-4bca-9a2c-152824392590 | single |
All of the following paranasal sinuses are present at birth EXCEPT: | Ans. (c) Sphenoid sinusRef: Dhingra 5th Ed. / 203Development and Growth of paranasal sinusesSinusesStatus at the birthGrowthFirst radiologic evidenceMaxillaryPresent at birthRapid growth from birth to 3 years and from 7-12 years. Adult size-15yrs4-5 months after birthEthmoidPresent at birthReach Adult size by 12 years1... | 3 | Maxillary sinus | Ethmoid sinus | Sphenoid sinus | null | Unknown | null | fd17bf26-44b1-4a30-b4cc-29e7055c9b90 | multi |
All are used in treatment of nocturnal eneuresis except ? | Ans. is 'd i.e Maintainence of calendar of day night wetting All are used. Treatment of nocturnal eneuresis It consists of :? Appropriate toilet training and restricting fluid at night. Encouraging the child to empty their bladder before bed. Alarm therapy Behavioral therapy using "bell and pad apparatus" Motivational ... | 4 | Imipramine | Alarm setup | Voiding of urine before sleeping | Maintainence of calendar of day night wetting | Psychiatry | null | 0a79350f-c0a3-46df-873a-aa5c3f79f521 | multi |
Which of the following is NOT seen in morbidly obese sleep apnea patient? | (C) Rt. Ventricular failure # Heart Failure leads to increased left ventricular (LV) filling pressure.> Resulting pulmonary congestion activates lung vagal irritant receptors, which stimulate hyperventilation and hypocapnia.> Superimposed arousals cause further abrupt increases in ventilation and drive PaCO2 below the ... | 3 | Polycythemia | Hypoxaemia | Rt. Ventricular failure | Lt. Ventricular failure | Medicine | Miscellaneous | 6e8484fc-f9b8-4716-bc5d-349795a98a7b | single |
An accurate method of measuring fluid replacement following acute blood loss is to check the: | null | 4 | Hematocrit | Hemoglobin | Blood pressure | Central venous pressure | Surgery | null | c64453b6-f365-488a-be11-563fb1b328c1 | single |
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is caused by | (D) Papova virus # Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a viral encephalitis caused by a polyomavirus (Papova virus or JC virus, totally unrelated to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease) because the virus preferentially infects oligodendrocytes, demyelination is its principal pathologic effect.> Progressive multifocal l... | 4 | HIV | Measles | Rubella | Papova virus | Microbiology | Misc. | c6d170cb-d5de-4982-8d61-72ddcc8fae70 | single |
The Spinal cord ends at what level in a new born | Level of termination of spinal cord Adult Males - Lower border of L1 Adult Females - L 2 veebra New born - L3 veebra. | 4 | T12- L1 | Lower border of L1 | L1-L2 | L3 | Anatomy | All India exam | eb3c7150-08f7-41f4-be73-82d371ada59d | single |
Compound that joins glycolysis with glycogenesis and glycogenolysis is | Glucose-6-phosphate is an important compound that joins several metabolic pathways viz. glycolysis, glycogenolysis, glycogenesis, gluconeogenesis and pentose phosphate pathway. | 3 | Glucose 1,6 biphosphate | Glucose-1-phosphate | Glucose-6-phosphate | Fructose 1,6 biphosphate | Biochemistry | null | e01f5658-72a6-469f-965b-4c3569fcdfd0 | single |
All of the following are helpful for diagnosis of Medullary Ca thyroid except- | null | 4 | Spindle cell stroma with few follicles | Amyloid deposition | Calcitonin in stroma | Histological mitochondria is essential for diagnosis | Surgery | null | c3ea1776-cdb2-4b12-9cb7-aae1d2765025 | multi |
A new born presents with deepening cyanosis at birth, with congestive heart failure and normal first heart sound. X–ray reveals cardiomegaly diagnosis is – | Ebstein anomaly is a congenital malformation of the heart that is characterized by apical displacement of the septal and posterior tricuspid valve leaflets, leading to atrialization of the right ventricle with a variable degree of malformation and displacement of the anterior leaflet. | 2 | Tetralogy of fallot's | Ebstein anomally | Transposition of great vessels | Tricuspid atresia | Pediatrics | null | d787ef78-e7ac-442b-82ed-bc4a6aec59fe | multi |
Proximal convoluted tubule have which type of aquaporins | Aquaporin-1 is localized to both the basolateral and apical membrane of the proximal tubules and its presence allows water to move rapidly out of the tubule along the osmotic gradients set up by active transpo of solutes, and isotonicity is maintained. Because the ratio of the concentration in tubular fluid to the conc... | 1 | Aquaporin 1 | Aquaporin 2 | Aquaporin 5 | Aquaporin 9 | Physiology | Renal physiology | b01fa801-ad04-45b2-bdad-341a9d247688 | single |
Which of the following is the most common non-alcoholic cause of acute pancreatitis | Gallstones are hardened deposits of digestive fluid. Gallstones can vary in size and number and may or may not cause symptoms. People who experience symptoms usually require gallbladder removal surgery. Gallstones that don't cause symptoms usually don't need treatment Ref : Oxford textbooks of surgery 2nd/e p. 1766 | 3 | Thiazides | Hypercalcaemia | Gall stones | Hyperlipidaemia | Anatomy | G.I.T | 4cc8effd-c0bd-4efc-b7b1-ad466d689244 | multi |
A pole vaulter had a fall during pole vaulting and had paralysis of the arm. Which of the following investigations gives the best recovery prognosis: | Ans. is 'a' i.e. ElectromyographyRef: Adam's outline of Orthopedics 11th/e p 19; Schwartz Surgery 7th/e p 1885Electromyography-ProcedureIn this technique the electrical changes occurring in a muscle are picked up by a needle or surface electrodes.These electrical changes are then amplified and are studied in the form o... | 1 | Electromyography | Muscle biopsy | Strength Duration Curve | Creatine phosphokinase levels | Orthopaedics | Infection of Bones & Joints | 16402579-2615-4d98-9c91-13a707cb5bc2 | multi |
Not a pathogenic mycobacterium - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., M. paratuberculosis | 1 | M. paratuberculosis | M. kansasii | M. ulcerans | M. intracellulare | Microbiology | null | e5f10c2d-1cf3-488b-a53b-9ab1d243c56b | single |
Tobe Ayer's Test is seen in ? | Ans' is'a'i.e., Acute mastoiditis with lateral sinus thrombosis | 1 | Acute mastoiditis with lateral sinus thrombosis | Maxillary cancer with spread to nasal cavity | Rhinosporidiosis | Jugular vein thrombosis | ENT | null | c35d65f2-3947-4b44-9585-9b89a423ef0f | single |
A patient has presented with carcinoma rectum with obstruction in emergency. What is the treatment of choice? | Most common site of colorectal cancer is rectum, in obstructing carcinoma rectum loop colostomy or defunctioning colostomy should be done to relieve obstruction followed by neoadjuvant chemoradiation, with the plan to resect the primary lesion at a later time. | 4 | Haman's Procedure | Total colectomy | Left hemi-colectomy | Defunctioning colostomy | Surgery | Intestinal obstruction | 94ba9f9c-94a7-4d67-ae4c-e5784742dc58 | single |
A patient develops an infection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. All of the following can be used to treat this infection except : | null | 2 | Cotrimoxazole | Cefaclor | Ciprofloxacin | Vancomycin | Pharmacology | null | b701de85-c51e-4735-a159-11e4d811582a | multi |
A women treated with lithium during pregnancy the fetus should be tested for: | Ref: Katzung 14th ed *Lithium it taken during pregnancy can cause Ebstein's anomaly in the fetus, Which is a congenital hea disease presenting as tricuspid atresia. | 2 | Neural tube defects | Cardiac malformations | Urogenital abnormalities | Scalp defects | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system | e8c6696e-09b9-417d-834b-d671c48e0829 | single |
Truss cannot prevent progression of which type of inguinal hernia - | null | 1 | Sliding | Littres | Indirect | Direct | Surgery | null | 3c963ae4-4a6a-41d6-ae25-1e541124c9a4 | single |
Indications of celiotomy in blunt trauma:
a) Grade I spleen damage
b) Grade II liver damage
c) Peritoneal air on imaging
d) Positive DPL
e) Severe hypotension | null | 3 | abc | bde | cde | acd | Surgery | null | 8b0dfb75-d07e-451d-90c3-8c1f91ae9f15 | single |
A 3 days old neonate is brought by the mother to the pediatrician and is found to have a bilirubin of 18 g/dl. What is the next step? | b. Start phototherapy and continue breastfeeding(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 873-74)First line of treatment for pathological neonatal jaundice is phototherapy; breastfeeding should be continued. | 2 | Stop breastfeeding | Start phototherapy and continue breastfeeding | Start phototherapy and stop breastfeeding | Exchange transfusion | Pediatrics | New Born Infants | c7f42924-cbd6-4b40-8ff1-eea56562c78e | multi |
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