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Choose the false statement regarding proteoglycans: | Since the high fixed negative charge density of the proteoglycans allows them tohold enormous amounts of water. The amount of water depends on the amount of proteoglycans, which decreases with aging. Ref: Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry 27th Edition, Page 118, 556, 557; Functions of the Proteoglycans By Ciba Foundati... | 2 | Chondroitin sulfate is a Proteoglycan | They hold less amount of water | They are made up of sugar and aminoacids | They carry charge | Biochemistry | null | 13501d8c-b2f0-4f70-a74a-a4da77cacb9a | multi |
In all of the following conditions exhumation is usually done, EXCEPT: | Exhumation is the digging out of an already buried body from the grave. Autopsies are performed on exhumed bodies: In criminal cases, such as homicide, suspected homicide disguised as suicide or other types of death, suspicious poisoning, death as a result of criminal aboion and criminal negligence. In civil cases, suc... | 1 | Suicide | Homicide | Death as a result of criminal aboion | Death due to criminal negligence | Forensic Medicine | null | 65fdce2b-13e2-4e52-aed9-5b2aacc8c9c5 | multi |
Which of the following are not included in GCS-PA CT? | GCS-P GCS-PA CT - GCS-P Is calculated by subtracting the pupil reactivity score (PRS) from the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) total score: GCS-P = GCS - PRS - Pupil reactivity score represents the number of nonreactive pupils (0,1, or 2) - This number is subtracted from the GCS score (3-15), resulting in the GCS-P (1-15) Pup... | 2 | Pupils | Arrhythmia | CT | GCS | Surgery | Trauma | be566bfb-b31c-408f-b6a1-84baa7bd5fcb | single |
The amount of fluoride in outer enamel is- | Amount of fluoride in the outer enamel is 2,200-3,200 ppm. | 4 | 1000-2000 ppm | 1500-2500 ppm | 2500-3500 ppm | 2200-3200 ppm | Dental | null | d63a5a15-a68f-40bb-b286-392f93d1c44e | single |
The angle formed by the occlusal rest and the vertical minor connector from which it originates should be: | An angle greater than 90 degrees fails to transmit occlusal forces, along the supporting vertical axis of the abutment tooth. This also permits slippage of the prosthesis away from the abutment, which can result in orthodontic-like forces being applied to an inclined plane on the abutment, with possible tooth movement.... | 4 | 180 degree | 45 degree | >90 degree | <90 degree | Dental | null | d6fbfc95-1af5-4800-8fb8-d33e21271dcb | single |
According to the Bismuth/Strasberg classification &; Cystic blow out&; is classified as | Strasberg classification Class A: Bile leak from the cystic duct or an accessory duct showing continuity with the common bile duct Class B: Section/injury of an accessory duct/sectorial ducts aberrant right hepatic duct with no continuity with the common bile duct with occlusion Class C: Leak/open drainage from a... | 1 | TYPE A | TYPE B | TYPE C | TYPE D | Surgery | Trauma | 718d02e9-8bc0-4b45-92fb-1dfbd1ab41cb | single |
Most common site for Krukenberg tumour is : | Stomach | 3 | Breast | Lung | Stomach | Large bowel | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | f2e3088a-df60-47fb-83b8-2ab3397d4b87 | single |
Phagocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans is inhibited by - | null | 1 | Cryptococcal capsular material | The size of the yeast cells | The cell walls | Toxins produced by the organism | Microbiology | null | 11155370-11bb-4360-b65a-7421ca80d436 | multi |
Cause of unilateral dysmenorrhea : | All of the above | 4 | One horn of malformed uterus | Endometriosis with unilateral distribution | Small fibroid at the utero tubal junction | All of the above | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | d4dd36e4-6527-46c9-ae41-59305d2b8b18 | multi |
Which of the following murmur increases on standing? | On standing: The venous return is going be reduced & there is decrease blood coming to the hea, therefore intensity of murmurs get reduced. E.g.: Valsalva, Amyl nitrate (Except HOCM: louder murmur; MVP: longer murmur) Note: All murmurs increase on doing sit ups, hand grip or exercise as there is increase of peripheral ... | 1 | HOCM | MR | MS | VSD | Medicine | NEET 2019 | 59342db4-f759-49ca-9dab-4c10ad68a5e7 | single |
Disorientation occurs in | B i.e. Organic brain syndrome | 2 | Schizophrenia | Organic Brain Syndrome | Depression | Mania | Psychiatry | null | 87af7f29-9c23-4e93-8ad5-609833205e10 | single |
Which of the following is not a depressor of mandible | Depressors of mandible are :-
Muscle of mastication : Lateral pterygoid (major depressor).
Suprahyoid muscles : Digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid.
Elevators of mandible are :-
Muscles of mastication : Masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid. | 1 | Hyoglossus | Geniohyoid | Digastric | Mylohyoid | Anatomy | null | 4be9e9b9-3c83-4d35-b96f-e95ed0eb03d3 | single |
Laryngoscopes are sterilized by ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Glutaraldehyde Laryngoscope should be cleaned before and after use with spirit. Disinfection can be done once a day by removing the bulb and immersing the blade in 2% cidex (glutaraldehyde) for 10 minutes. They should be sterilized once a week by immersing in cidex for 10 hours or by autoclaving. | 1 | Glutaraldehyde | Formalin | Betadine | Boiling | Microbiology | null | 05c81f99-9edd-48eb-9fb1-72825e870f69 | single |
Non granulomatous uveitis- all are causes except | Answer- B. Sarcoidosis | 2 | Ankylosing Spondylitis | Sarcoidosis | Juvenile Idiopathic Ahritis | Posner Schlossman Syndrome | Ophthalmology | null | d08f1d5d-945d-4cd7-9c9b-6d116aefc133 | multi |
Blockade of Central Retinal Artery leads to temporary blindness is also known as: | (A) Amaurosis fugax > Amaurosis Fugax is transient ischemic attack of retina characterized by transient sudden loss of vision lasting for few minutes, due to occlusion by minute emboli. It may be a premonitory symptom of CRAO.> D/D of "cherry red" spot on fundus CRAO, blunt injury (Berhin's edema of macula), Tay-Sach's... | 1 | Amaurosis fiigax | Gaze related amaurosis | Amblyopia ex anopsia | Amblyopia | Ophthalmology | Miscellaneous | 666672cb-b823-48da-83ac-13eaa3150f80 | single |
P : O ratio for FAD is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 1[?]5o The P : O ratio is a measure of the number of high energy phosphates (i.e., number of ATP molecules) synthesized per atom of oxygen consumed or per molecule of water is producedo The P : O ratio for oxidation of metabolites that yield NADH is 2[?]5 and the ratio for those that yield FADH2 is 1[... | 3 | 3 | 2[?]5 | 1[?]5 | 4 | Biochemistry | Electron Transport Chain and Biological Oxidation | fda4790d-f57c-41be-9d3c-58df7e07092a | single |
Laurence Moon Biedle syndrome -Associated with - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of above [Ref: Harrison IS^/e p. 425\ Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome is characterized by:o Obesityo Mental retardationo Retinitis pigmentosao Polydactylyo Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism | 4 | Polydactyly | Mental retardation | Retinitis pigmentosa | All of above | Unknown | null | 815aef79-dda6-479a-ad6b-a4769bd54d9f | multi |
All of the following are histopathological findings of papillary carcinoma, except | Pathology
Papillary projections
Psammoma bodies (concentric calcifications)
Pale empty (orphan annie) nuclei → FINELY DISPERSED CHROMATIN IMPARTS AN EMPTY APPEARANCE
Intranuclear grooves and nuclear characteristics are diagnostic of papillary carcinoma
Multifocality is common in papillary carcinoma
TSH levels are hi... | 3 | Orphan Annie eye nuclei | Psammoma bodies | Monofocal papillary projections | Intranuclear grooves | Surgery | null | 913a680b-e199-4c93-99d2-6dabc2709040 | multi |
Maastricht classification of category 3 stands for DCD donor
stands for | null | 4 | Brought dead | Cardiac arrest during brain dead | Cardiac arrest and unsuccessful resuscitation in hospital | Awaiting cardiac arrest after withdrawl of life support | Surgery | null | d5bd8255-47d5-412f-aaea-d644049aa681 | single |
To distinguish between primary bacterial peritonitis from secondary peritonitis the following biochemical parameters in ascitic fluid has been used, EXCEPT: | Secondary bacterial peritonitis is the ascitic fluid infection caused by a surgically treatable intraabdominal source of infection. It can be divided into two groups 1. Those with free perforation of a viscus eg : duodenal ulcer perforation 2. Those with loculated abscess eg : perinephric abscess The characteristic asc... | 4 | Total protein > 1 g/dl | LDH greater than the upper limit of the normal of the serum | Glucose < 50 mg/dl | PMN count < 250 cells/mm3 | Medicine | null | 6f4945f1-d1e3-4d85-ba14-156594ffbc0e | multi |
Leukocyte common antigen is: | Ans. (a) CD 45(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 590; 8th/pg 600; Wintrobe's 12th/pg 2522)CD 45Found in all hematopoietic cells except erythrocytes.CD45 plays an essential role in lymphocyte activation.Peripheral blood naive T cells are CD45RA, whereas memory (activated) T cells are CD45RO+ | 1 | CD 45 | CD 20 | CD 19 | CD 41 | Pathology | Misc. (W.B.C) | 67ec35dd-8d3b-4c44-b461-faef3cb01481 | single |
Macrosomia is associated with : | Macrosomia is the term used to describe a large fetus. A bih weight at term 4000g or more is also considered as macrosomia in the Indian context. RISK FACTORS: Maternal diabetes is the most impoant risk factor. Maternal obesity Previous large baby Post-term pregnancy Multiparity In Maternal Diabetes, Fetal macrosomia w... | 1 | Gestational diabetes mellitus | Hypeension | Hypothyroidism | Hyperbilirubinemia | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Fetus | c8efce29-f950-4ceb-a08e-70e3a543e08c | single |
True about screw feed technology | Screw-feed technology is the basis of a non-burn, dry thermal disinfection process in which waste is shredded and heated in a rotating auger.The waste is reduced by 80 percent in volume and by 25-35 percent in weight.This process is suitable for treating infectious waste and sharps. Should not be used to process pathol... | 1 | Waste is reduced by 80% in volume and by 20-35% in weight | Waste is reduced by 85% in volume and by 10-20% in weight | Wet thermal disinfection process | Used to process pathological waste | Social & Preventive Medicine | Hospital waste and disaster management, Occupational health | 3d180330-acf0-4581-998c-e4f279d54d90 | multi |
True about pulmonary surfactant is | Pulmonary surfactant is a mixture of lipids and proteins which is secreted into the alveolar space by epithelial type II cells. The main function of surfactant is to lower the surface tension at the air/liquid interface within the alveoli of the lung Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page n... | 2 | Secreted by type I pneumocytes | Maintain alveolar integrity | Cytokeratin | Mucin | Physiology | Respiratory system | c50b8546-cf5e-4044-8944-fc5c0bccda46 | multi |
Following are examples of dimorphic fungi, EXCEPT: | Dimorphic fungi refers to fungi that grow as yeasts or large spherical structures in tissue but as filamentous forms at room temperature in the environment. Examples of dimorphic fungi includes blastomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis. Yeasts are funguses which are s... | 3 | Coccidioidomycosis | Histoplasma | Cryptococcus | Blastomycosis | Microbiology | null | b334b080-57ed-4811-a45f-403154bc8117 | multi |
Which of the following is sex linked disorder? | null | 3 | Thalassemia | Klinefelter's syndrome | Hemophilia | Neurofibromatosis | Pathology | null | 4a379c56-ec9d-43fc-8b25-81677a8ec654 | single |
Thistle-tube appearance of pulp chamber is a feature of: | null | 1 | Coronal dentin dysplasia | Regional odontodysplasia | Dentinogenesis imperfecta | Amelogenesis imperfecta | Pathology | null | bd41df46-5ded-43c4-a873-b7804f6c0983 | single |
What happens in hyperophy? | Hyperophy is an increase in the size of cells resulting in an increase in the size of the organ.Hyperplasia is characterized by an increase in cell number because of the proliferation of differentiated cells and replacement by tissue stem cells.Shrinkage in the size of the cell by the loss of cell substance is known as... | 2 | Increase in cell number | Increase in cell size | Decrease in cell number | Decrease in cell size | Pathology | General pathology | b1d8c511-8f3e-472e-ba33-aac4f1d6d71f | single |
In tuberculous synovitis of the hip joint the position of the hip is | . | 2 | Flexion adduction and internal rotation | Flexion abduction and external rotation | Extension only | Extension adduction and internal rotation | Physiology | All India exam | 75c40501-e077-4624-870a-5ce7150f1736 | single |
All the following are examples of health promotion except: | Ans: C (Chemoprophylaxis) Ref: Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, K Park, 22nd edition, page no 40-1Explanation:Health promotion is simply promoting health, i.e. actions done to improve the level of general health and well being, so that disease initiation process is prevented.These actions are not specific fo... | 3 | Stop smoking | Installation of sanitary latrine | Chemoprophylaxis | Decreased salt intake | Social & Preventive Medicine | Obstetrics, Paediatrics and Geriatrics | c0736c0a-fe55-4974-8c89-57245449dc49 | multi |
Shock lung is characterized by which of the following | o Make it clear that shock lung is a synonym for acute respiratory distress syndrome,
diffuse alveolar damage acute alveolar injury and acute lung injury.
Shock lung = ARDS = Diffuse alveolar damage = Acute alveolar injury = acute lung injury Pahology i. Acute stage o The lungs are heavy firm,
red and boggy and exhibit... | 2 | Alveolar proteinosis | Diffuse alveolar damage | Bronchiolis obliterans | Diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage | Medicine | null | c0d9f14f-2321-423e-9fa9-8376b92aa3ba | single |
All of the following are true for Yersinia pestis EXCEPT: March 2013 | Ans. A i.e. Gram positive Yersinia pestis is sho, plump, Gram-negative with rounded end and convex sides. | 1 | Gram positive | Non motile | Non sporing | Pleomorphic | Microbiology | null | 3042efa7-eeda-4d4b-ae4f-61556d194bda | multi |
The pseudomyxoma peritonei occurs as a complication the following ovarian tumours- | - pseudomyxoma peritoni is a term used to describe the presence of mucoid material in the abdomen and pelvis surrounded by fibrous tissue. - it can result secondary to a ruptured mucinous tumor of the ovary. Reference : textbook of gynaecology Sheila balakrishnan, 2nd edition, pg no: 271 <\p> | 2 | Serous cystadenoma | Mucinous cystadenoma | Dysgermmoma | Gonadoblastoma | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological oncology | 86e6674b-9a40-46cf-86a9-1d1cb411595f | single |
Main pa of surfactant is formed by ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline Impoant glycerophospholipids are :? Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin):- These glycerophospholipids contain choline. These are most abundant phospholipids in cell membrane. Dipalmitoyl lecithin (dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine) is an impoant phosphatidylcholine found in lu... | 1 | Dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline | Phosphotidyl-inositol | Dipalmitoyl cephaline | Dipalmitoyl serine | Biochemistry | null | ce09a8e9-1ae0-4261-9989-a1449623823e | single |
Which vitamin deficiency occurs in patients taking first line antitubercublar drugs - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pyridoxin o Isoniazid reacts with pyridoxal to form a hydrazone, and thus inhibits gneration of pyridoxal phosphate.o Isoniazid also combines with pyridoxal phosphate to interfere with its coenzyme function. Due to formation of hydrazones, the renal excretion of pyridoxine compounds is increasedo Thus... | 2 | Niacin | Pyridoxin | Ascorbate | Thiamine | Pharmacology | Anti Microbial | d8109818-e140-4c28-9a3b-21fb832a2294 | single |
Bilirubin in conjugation with glucoronic acid conjugation has properties - | null | 3 | Able to cross cell membrane | Hydrophillic to hydrophobic | Hydrophobic to hydrophilic | Lipid soluble | Biochemistry | null | 8fb0f30f-7500-4893-90e4-b92894a709c4 | single |
Which of the following antibacterial causes both ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity : | null | 2 | Methicillin | Vancomycin | Clindamycin | Azithromycin | Pharmacology | null | 596706f4-9572-44c9-9220-3324c120f82b | multi |
All of the following effects the height of block in spinal anesthesia except | Explanation The gender of the patient is the factor that least affects the height of the neuraxial block, among the options given. Gender can affect the block height theoretically. The density of CSF is lower in women compared with men. Although this may affect relative baricity of local anesthetics, the clinical varia... | 3 | Age | Height | Sex | Weight | Anaesthesia | Central Neuraxial Blockade | 898da051-fa50-466c-ae57-92cd5eb664d3 | multi |
Fishnet appearance in immunoflorescence is seen in: (Repeat) | Ans: A (Pemphigus vulgaris) Ref: Vesiculobullous disorders. In: Thuppa DM. editor Essentials in Dermatology, 2ndedn., New Delhi: Jay pee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd 2009:114-26 Explanation:Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disorder characterized by autoantibody formation against the intercellular cementing ... | 1 | Pemphigus vulgaris | Bullous pemphigoid | Dermatitis herpetiformis | Darier disease | Skin | Pemphigus | 2cee0a24-a6d9-49b7-a703-c17af9972d4f | single |
Pre-renal azotemia is associated with one of the following characteristic feature : | Answer is A (Urinary Na+ < 10 mmol/litre): Prerenal azotemia is associated with a urinary sodium excretion of less than 10 mmol/L. | 1 | Urinary Na+ < 10 mmol/L | Renal failure index > 1 | Osmolality < 500 | Urinary creatinine / P. creatinine ratio < 20 | Medicine | null | c4ea4255-91aa-4793-ba39-9144a390f743 | single |
Which of the following is true about Criggler Najar type 1? | Impaired bilirubin conjugation occurs in three genetic conditions: Crigler-Najjar syndrome types I and II and Gilbe's syndrome. Crigler-Najjar type I is an exceptionally rare condition found in neonates and characterized by severe jaundice (bilirubin >342 mmol/L ) and neurologic impairment due to kernicterus, frequentl... | 3 | Less severe than type 2 | Phenobarbitone improves bilirubin by 25% | Bile is colourless | Phototherapy is main stay of treatment | Medicine | Nutrition | cc9e38aa-2351-43ff-a100-d7021eba6469 | multi |
Complete restoration of tensile strength of the wound comparable to normal tissue takes as long as | o Tensile strength after wound healing never reaches to normal. The maximum strength achieved is 70-80% at the end of 3 month. Impoant Point maximum stregnth is achieved at the end of 3 months. (But this is never equal to the original strength) | 4 | Two weeks | Six weeks | Six months | null | Pathology | null | 376572fe-25b5-47c6-86bf-80aabb9e2e27 | multi |
Which is the main contraindication for a liver biopsy? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Coagulopathy Liver Biopsyo Liver Biopsy can be taken# Percutaneously# Via a blood vessel# Throught he abdomen during surgeryo Indications# Estimation of hepatic damage in chronic viral hepatitis# Hemochromatosis# Tuberculosis# Undiagnosed metastasiso Coagulation anomalies is the chief contraindication... | 2 | Hepatitis | Coagulopathy | Chronic Alcoholic | Associated cholcystitis | Surgery | Miscellaneous (Liver) | bd756cef-81cc-4007-9237-2c4f94dea72e | single |
All are produced by la receptors except - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dysphoria | 3 | Euphoria | Sedation | Dysphoria | Constipation | Pharmacology | null | ccaae8e3-e6ff-40e8-98f8-08ee1cdd4154 | multi |
Best assessment score in trauma patients:- | The S is currently the best most universal physiology trauma-scoring system used for triage purposes. | 2 | Modified trauma score | Revised trauma score | Injury severity score | Mangled extremity severity score | Surgery | Trauma | 53f93c97-f9ef-4048-9157-1aac7352eab0 | single |
What will be the effect on respiration if a transmission is made between the pons & medulla | B i.e. Irregular and gasping The main component of respiratory control pattern generator responsible for automatic respiration are located in the medulla. After transection of brain stem at inferior border of pons spontaneous respiration continues, albeit somewhat irregular and gasping.Q Whereas, transection at mid (up... | 2 | Apnoea | Irregular & gasping | No effect | Slow & deep | Physiology | null | b4f9037b-efe7-4320-97a5-9c71d7463ef1 | single |
Egg Shell Calcification" in chest X ray is seen in? | ANSWER: (D) All aboveREF: Chapman 4th ed p. 148EGG SHELL CALCIFICATION:SilicosisPneumoconiosisSarcoidosisLymphoma following radiotherapyTB, Histoplasmosis, BlastomycosisAmyloidosis | 4 | Silicosis | Sarcoidosis | Treated Lymphoma | All above | Radiology | Imaging of Interstitial Lung Disease | 6cb4cea7-15e1-480a-b421-2456d41d7517 | multi |
In infant most sensitive audiometric screening is | Used as a screening procedure for infants. Other uses of ABR: To determine the threshold of hearing in infants; also in children and adults who do not cooperate and in malingerers. To diagnose retrocochlear pathology paicularly acoustic neuroma. To diagnose brainstem pathology, e.g. multiple sclerosis or pontine tumour... | 2 | Electrocochleography | BERA | Coical evoked response | Tympanometry | ENT | Ear | 4a608aed-e462-483f-bd69-648952d92ad5 | single |
In Hybrid RNA-DNA, DNA is 5CTTAAG3. The sequence of RNA will be: | B i.e. 5CUUAAG3 | 2 | 5CTTAAG3 | 5CUUAAG3 | 5GAATTC3 | 5GAAUUC3 | Biochemistry | null | e98c1ee8-ca03-4e45-824b-9e9a7542fe22 | single |
In Burkitts lymphoma , translocation seen is chromosome | Ans. is 'b' 8-14 translocation Chromosomal translocations Associated Neoplasms8 - 14 -Burkitt's lymphoma*.Acute lymphocytic leukemia (FAB type L3) Immunoblastic B cell lymphoma*15-17 -Promyelocytic leukemia*4-11 -Acute lymphocytic leukemiaH-14 -Chronic lymphocytic leukemia14- 18 -Some B cell lymphomas6 - 14 -Cystadenoc... | 2 | 12 -14 translocation | 8-14 translocation | 4-8 translocation | 12-18 translocation | Medicine | Blood | a37073e4-8ba2-4402-9bdf-bfabf5e4605b | single |
All of the following are trypsin inhibitors, except | A trypsin inhibitor is a type of serine protease inhibitor that reduces the biological activity of trypsin. Trypsin is an enzyme involved in the breakdown of many different proteins, including as pa of digestion in humans and other animals. As a result, protease inhibitors that interfere with its activity can have an a... | 3 | Alpha - 1 antitrypsin | Alpha - 1 antiproteinase | Enterokinase | Egg - white | Biochemistry | miscellaneous | 8085992b-6dcf-44d8-b7ba-0e31081e9e2b | multi |
Isoenzymes can be differentiated from each other by | Identification of Isoenzymes: In Agar gel or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the isoenzymes have different mobility. LDH, CK and ALP isoenzymes can be separated by electrophoresis. Heat stability: One of the isoenzymes may be easily denatured by heat, e.g. bone isoenzyme of ALP (BALP). Inhibitors: One of the isoenz... | 4 | Agar gel electrophoresis | Heat stability | Substrate specificity | All of these | Biochemistry | Enzyme basics and serine proteases | bd79bb97-1847-4d04-b443-15614010ea67 | multi |
All of the following are side effects of tacrolimus except - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ototoxicity Adverse effects of Tacrolimus o Nephrotoxicity (most common and dose limiting) o Neurotoxicity o Hepatotoxicity o GI toxicity o Alopecia o Hypeension o Hematological toxicity (Leucocytosis, thrombocytopenia) o Endocrine (hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia) | 2 | Nephrotoxicity | Ototoxicity | Neurotoxicity | Hepatotoxicity | Pharmacology | null | 997950d7-b6d0-439e-913c-37b7b0165a8e | multi |
Afferent pupillary defect is seen in: March 2012 | Ans: D i.e. Retrobulbar neuritis When the input, through both the optic nerves to the midbrain is equal, the pupils to which the light is transferred will remain tightly constricted since the consensual response has the same magnitude as a direct response. Should there be a lesion of one optic nerve, the input from tha... | 4 | Orbital cellulitis | DM | Papilloedema | Retrobulbar neuritis | Ophthalmology | null | 3fa2a9c9-1acf-40ed-9216-c7710c097940 | single |
Lisch nodule seen in - | Bilateral Lisch nodules are seen in neurofibromatosis type 1. These are hamaomas that develop during second - third decades, seen as tiny nodular pigmented lesions protruding above the iris surface. Other uncommon iris lesions in type 1 NF include congenital ectropion uveae and mammillations. Ref: kanski's 8 th edition... | 2 | Sympathetic ophthalmitis | Neurofibromatosis | Chronic iridocyclitis | Trachoma | Ophthalmology | Miscellaneous | 268fb609-2361-47ea-9ae5-c475c123858e | single |
What is the dose of niclosamide used in treatment of Taenia saginata infection in children ? | null | 1 | 40 mg/kg single dose | 40 mg/kg/day for 3 days | 40 mg/kg/day for 7 days | 40 mg/kg/day for 21 days | Pharmacology | null | 527e1b08-d73c-4b91-946c-f4aad976de43 | single |
Paranasal sinuses present at birth are | Paranasal sinuses develop as outpouchings from the mucous membrane of a lateral wall of the nose.
The growth of sinuses continues during childhood and into early adult life.
Radiologically maxillary sinuses can be identified at 4-5 months, ethmoids at 1 year, sphenoid at 4 years and frontals at 6 years. | 2 | Frontal and maxillary | Ethmoid and maxillary | Frontal and ethmoid | Sphenoid and ethmoid | ENT | null | a0bcad42-e6be-4972-a441-2fd8cf203c40 | single |
A 69-year-old man presents to the emergency depament with painless vision loss of his right eye. He describes the visual loss as a gradual progression from blurry to total blackout over the past two hours. He has no history of prior visual problems. Past medical history is significant for a myocardial infarction three ... | This patient has a sudden onset of complete, unilateral, painless loss of vision with intact extraocular muscle movement. This is consistent with occlusion of the retinal aery. The retina derives its blood supply from the internal carotid aery the ophthalmic aery, from which branch the central retinal aery and ciliary ... | 4 | Carotid aery dissection | Cavernous sinus thrombosis | Posterior cerebral aery occlusion | Retinal aery occlusion | Ophthalmology | null | c6176860-c22c-450f-8d94-7036fb1f3c4f | single |
A 6-year old child who presented with perianal pruritus, excoriation of skin and nocturnal enuresis was found to be infected with a parasite causing autoinfection. The adult forms ofthe parasite are knwon to inhabit | Enterobius vermicularis is an organism that primarily lives in ileum and cecum. Once E. vermicularis eggs are ingested, they take about 1 to 2 months to develop into adult worms which happens in the small intestine. development takes place in the small intestine but the adult worms are found chiefly in the colon Ref Ha... | 1 | Cecum, appendix and ascending colon | Subcutaneous tissues | Subcutaneous and lymphatic tissues | Proximal small intestine | Medicine | Infection | 194b19f6-b4f8-4b2e-8ed1-d79f707f612e | multi |
Which of the following signs is not suggestive of a cervical spinal cord injury - | null | 2 | Flaccidity | Increased rectal sphincter tone | Diaphragmatic breathing | Priapism | Medicine | null | 667dff92-9c53-42ef-b9a9-4ef79a000e60 | single |
Which of the following substance abuse is commonly associated with morbid jelousy? | Morbid Jealousy most often result from alcohol abuse. Cocaine abuse results in tactile hallucination, coronary aery vascocnstriction and myocardial infarction. Reference: Textbook of Medicine By Robe L Souhami, page 251 | 3 | Opium | Cannabis | Alcohol | Cocaine | Psychiatry | null | 4fe0a84b-4787-40e5-ae33-4c1bd729990d | single |
DALY measures - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Year lost due to premature death and year lived with disability o DALY (Disability Adjusted Life Years) expresses years of life lost due to premature death and years lived with disability adjusted for severity of disability. | 1 | Years lost due to premature death and years lived with disability | Years lost due to premature death and years lived without disability | Years lost due to disability | Years lived without disability | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 3a89ea2d-745d-4810-aa30-811ec212a3f3 | single |
High autopsy rate in hospital is indicative of: | Autopsy rate of 15 to 20% indicates inquisitive nature of medical staff and progressive outlook of hospital. Ref: Textbook of community medicine, S. Lal, 3rd edition pg: 686. | 2 | Poor quality of care | Progressive outlook of hospital | Insensitive nature of care | None of the above | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 64bfc9e0-8d50-49e2-a5e7-b7851955d9e4 | multi |
In compartment syndrome, false sign is | (B) Normal pulse rate # Classic features of ischaemia are the five Ps: Pain, Paraesthesia, Pallor, Paralysis and Pulselessness.> But it is criminal to wait until they are all present; the diagnosis can be made long before that.> The earliest of the 'classic' features are pain (or a 'bursting' sensation) and altered sen... | 2 | Hypo aesthesia | Normal pulse rate | Oedema | Pain or stretching | Orthopaedics | Miscellaneous | c15f28db-dcd4-4ee0-b4d9-18b7a66cefdb | multi |
The alveoli are normally kept dry by the: | Normally, Starling's forces across the alveolar wall, mainly the negative interstitial hydrostatic pressure, or fluid movement from the alveolar space into the interstitium. This will keep the alveoli dry. Surfactant reduces the surface tension within the alveolus, and decrease the tendency of fluid to be drawn in, kee... | 2 | Macrophages | Surfactant | Negative intrapleural pressure | High pCO2 in the alveoli | Physiology | Respiratory System Pa 1 | 4ac99807-69a6-40ed-8e9c-374a1119f64b | multi |
A patient Seeta is diagnosed to be having iron deficiency anemia. The agent that can be used to improve the absorption of iron is: | Substances improving the absorption of iron are: Ascorbic Acid HCl Substances reducing the absorption of iron Phosphates Meat Phytates Tetracyclines Antacids | 4 | Antacids | Tetracyclines | Phosphates | Ascorbic acid | Pharmacology | Hematology | 34d10c70-d8e7-490a-ba58-fea5def1a077 | single |
A 62-year-old man has had fever and a 4-kg weight loss over the past 6 months. On physical examination, his temperature is 38.6deg C. He has generalized nontender lymphadenopathy, and the spleen tip is palpable. Laboratory studies show hemoglobin, 10.1 g/dL; hematocrit, 30.3%; platelet count, 140,000/mm3; and WBC count... | The immunophenotype is characteristic for mantle cell lymphoma. Of the lesions listed, lymphoblastic lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma occur in a much younger age group. Burkitt lymphoma has a t (8;14) translocation. The remaining three lesions occur in an older age group. Of these, small lymphocytic lymphoma manifests wit... | 4 | Acute lymphoblastic lymphoma | Burkitt lymphoma | Follicular lymphoma | Mantle cell lymphoma | Pathology | Blood | 10ee3c3b-5458-4e04-a41d-7766fa026c55 | multi |
Marsupialization is the procedure done in | null | 1 | Large cyst | P.D. cyst | Aneurismal bone cyst | Stafne cyst | Surgery | null | f327999d-c2d5-45b7-b64f-ec4bd9e99604 | single |
Most common malignant tumour of nasopharynx in children is: | Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common malignant tumour of the nasopharynx, though all of the above are seen with different frequency. | 2 | Lymphoma | Rhabdomyosarcoma | Carcinoma | Neuroblastoma | ENT | Nose and PNS | 5ba59a08-9d7e-4d42-b121-36c59ee1a9c5 | single |
Causes of cynosis -a) TOFb) PDAc) Tricuspid atresiad) Eisenmenger's complexe) TGA | null | 2 | bce | acde | abcd | abde | Medicine | null | 4e0818ad-f407-47f6-9f44-40243f15cd10 | single |
According to Enneking system, not true regarding an active benign tumor is | Thick rim of reactive bone Thick rim of reactive bone is a feature of Latent benign bone tumors and not Active benign bone tumors. Active benign rumors have a thin rim of reactive bone. Enneking has staged benign and malignant musculoskeletal tumors to aid in treatment decision making and to allow comparisons of treatm... | 3 | lntracapsular | Margin of reactive bone | Thick rim of reactive bone | Extended curettage is treatment | Surgery | null | b9d6c4ec-032e-4b76-a87d-ff8d3d253eed | multi |
Ganser syndrome is related to? | Ans. (a) Approximate answerRef: Kaplan and Sadocks Concise Textbook of clinical psychiatry 3rded p 302 | 1 | Approximate answer | Ataxia | Confusion | Repeated answers | Psychiatry | Neurotic Disorders | f10c00b4-c798-40a4-8e14-840232e98dc1 | single |
The most common cause of myopia is - | Axial type of simple myopia may signify just a physiological variation in the length of the eyeball or it may be associated with precocious neurological growth during childhood. other causes are : Curvatural type Role of diet Role of genetics Theory of excessive near work Reference : A K KHURANA OPHTALMOLOGY,Edition 4,... | 1 | A-P diameter is increased | The thickness of lens is increased | The viscosity of squous humour is increased | The viscisity of vitous humour is increased | Ophthalmology | Optics and refraction | aab48baa-39c0-4be0-9a43-354c366d1dc7 | single |
Sequence of putrefaction: WB 07 | Ans. Spleen-brain-hea-uterus | 2 | Hea-brain-uterus-spleen | Spleen-brain-hea-uterus | Hea-spleen-brain-uterus | Hea-brain-spleen-uterus | Forensic Medicine | null | 0b66e94a-4f4a-412f-b5d1-69d3eb68fdc9 | single |
Randomization is done to reduce- | .randomization is a statisticaal procedure in which the paicipants are allocated to groups usually called study and control gropus.randomization is an approach to ensure comparability by the elimination of bias.randomisaton is the hea of a control trial.it ensures that the investigator has no control over the allocatio... | 2 | Recall bias | Selection bias | Berkosonian bias | Repoing bias | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology | d76b1b7e-46bc-414f-9706-5a4c77ecbb44 | multi |
All are causes of pulmonary hypeension except | Category 1. Pulmonary aerial hypeension (PAH) Key feature: elevation in pulmonary aerial pressure (PAP) with normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (pcwp) Includes: Idiopathic (IPAH) * Sporadic * Familial * Exposure to drugs or toxins * Persistent pulmonary hypeension of the newborn * Pulmonary capillary hemangiomat... | 1 | Hyperventilation | Morbid obesity | High altitude | Fenfluramine | Medicine | C.V.S | e8db09aa-0fd3-4087-8eba-4d654609f7ef | multi |
Patient present with pain in base of thumb. What is the tendon marked? | De Quervain's TenosynovitisDe Quervains tenosynovitis is a stenosing tenosynovitis of unknown aetiology which occurs in the first dorsal compartment at the level of the radial styloid. It involves the common extensor sheath containing the tendons of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis. There is palpab... | 1 | APL and EPB | APB and EPB | APL and EPL | APB and EPL | Orthopaedics | Hand Injuries | b5a99fb4-e815-47b2-bf7e-638ce63bb777 | single |
Which among the following is true regarding Menetrier disease? | Menetrier disease also known as hyperplastic hypersecretory gastropathy, is a disorder in which the gastric mucosal folds are enlarged. This leads to protein loss, parietal cell atrophy, and an increase in mucous cells. It results from profound hyperplasia of the surface mucous cells with accompanying glandular atrophy... | 4 | Hypoalbuminemia | Premalignant | Hyperplasic of glandular mucosal cells | All the above | Medicine | null | b93b7655-ac61-4ac2-9f3c-65916a97a0c5 | multi |
Drug used in the treatment of Congestive Heart Failure is | (D) All the above# First-line therapy for all heart failure patients is angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition. ACE inhibitors (i.e., enalapril, captopril, lisinopril, ramipril) improve survival and quality of life. If the patient is intolerant to ACEI they are replaced by ARB's.> Diuretics have been a mainstay... | 4 | ACE inhibitor | Beta blocker | Art blocker | All the above | Pharmacology | Miscellaneous (Pharmacology) | 2d9bb52f-1627-4349-87b1-354b71b6be69 | multi |
Number of primary teeth; | there are total of 20 primary teeth PRIMARY/ MILK/ TEMPORARY TEETH SECONDARY/ PERMANENT TEETH BEGIN AT 6-7 months 6 years 1st tooth to erupt Lower central incisor 1st molar Last tooth Second molar 3rd molar or wisdom tooth Completes at 2 and half - 3 years 12 years except the 3rd molar Total no. of teeth 20 28-32 | 1 | 20 | 24 | 16 | 32 | Pediatrics | FMGE 2019 | b7695889-6913-44bb-9ef2-9d68d13494cb | single |
Radiograph of the ankle of a diabetic patient with painless, swollen joint shows destroyed joint with large number of loose bodies. The most probable diagnosis is: | Neuropathic ahritis (Charcot's joint) is encountered most often in patients with diabetes mellitus. It is a progressive destructive ahritis associated with loss of pain sensation, proprioception, or both. Without these protective mechanisms, joints are subjected to repeated trauma, resulting in progressive cailage and ... | 1 | Charcot's joint | Clutton's joint | Osteoahritis | Rheumatoid ahritis | Radiology | null | fbf73371-d52a-4260-8a63-ba1a053264b4 | single |
Amaurosis fugax is due to- | Amaurosis fugax is sudden temporary and painless loss of vision due to transient failure of retinal circulation.
It may occur in carotid transient ischemic attack (TIA). | 1 | TIA | Tobacco | Optic neuritis | Papilloedema | Ophthalmology | null | c3a659c2-a4c5-47d5-a768-1a3a659e021a | single |
Waddling gait (Sailor's gait) is seen in | (B) Bilateral CDH (Congenital Dislocation of Hip) # Myopathic gait (or Waddling gait) is a form of gait abnormality.> The "waddling" is due to the weakness of the proximal muscles of the pelvic girdle.> The patient uses circumduction to compensate for gluteal weakness.> Conditions associated with a myopathic gait inclu... | 2 | Bilateral CTEV (Congenital Talipes Equino Varus) | Bilateral CDH (Congenital Dislocation of Hip) | Congenital genu recurvation | Bilateral calcaneo-valgus deformity | Orthopaedics | Miscellaneous | 5a6faa28-748f-4c45-a04b-42def5faba43 | single |
All are true about bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis, except : | Answer is B (Causes normocapnic failure): "Most patients with severe diaphragmatic weakness present with hypercapnic respiratory failure"-Harrison Sniff test is a confirmatory test of unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. Whether sniff test is also useful for bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis is unconfirmed, although it ... | 2 | Sniff test is positive | Causes normocapnic failure | Diaphragmatic pacing is useful if any nerve is intact | None of the above | Medicine | null | f81c0b6d-7638-416f-8ea8-39fec81668e3 | multi |
A patient comes to you after visiting the hair dresser. What will you do to confirm the diagnosis: | Ans. D. Patch TestPatient is having swelling of face most probably due to allergy to some cosmetic product. Patch test will identify the cause of allergic reaction. | 4 | VDRL | Allergy Test | S IgE | Patch Test | Skin | Miscellaneous | d251e303-a475-4ad3-9c61-6b5e5f9c8aa5 | multi |
During a surgery, the patient had sudden hypotension, which of the following will promptly increase & hence be used intramuscularly to increase the blood pressure in this patient? | Ans. b (Mephenteramine). (Ref. Pharmacology by KD Tripathi 6th/pg.l27)MEPHENTERMINE# It produces both cardiac stimulation and vasoconstriction by directly activating a and (3 adrenergic receptors as wellas by releasing NA.# Cardiac output, systolic and diastolic BP are increased.# The direct positive chronotropic effec... | 2 | Adrenaline | Mephenteramine | Noradrenaline | null | Pharmacology | A.N.S. | ada3632b-ec53-4d19-b2d4-fd455e42917d | multi |
Transition temperature of lipid bilayers of cell membranes is increased by | The cholesterol content of the membrane alters the fluidity of the membrane. When cholesterol concentration increases, the membrane becomes less fluid on the outer surface, but more fluid in the hydrophobic core. The effect of cholesterol on membrane fluidity is different at different temperatures. At temperature below... | 2 | Cholesterol | Saturated fatty acids | Unsaturated fatty acids | Hydrocarbons | Biochemistry | membrane structure and function | 8a5c9062-4ff4-4409-b1f1-faf27007f2a1 | single |
Which micronutrient deficiency can give rise to the following eye finding? | ??' The given picture shows Bitot's spots, seen in Vitamin A deficiency. ??' Bitot's spots : Foamy appearance in conjunctiva due to superficial deposition of keratin in conjunctiva . Vitamin A deficiency (VAD), as graded by the WHO: Night blindness (XN) Conjunctival xerosis (X1A) Bitot's spots (X1B) Corneal xerosis (X2... | 1 | Vit A | Vit D | Vit E | Vit K | Pediatrics | Malnutrition | 1c8bc0ab-ca06-4ec9-81a8-86e85af6f185 | single |
Catabolism of H2O2 is carried out by: | Ans. (a) Peroxisomes(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.38)Peroxisomes (or) microbodies are concerned with three vital functions in a cell namely:#Generation and degradation of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )#Oxidation of very long chain fatty acids (eg, C20,C22)#Detoxification of harmful chemicals | 1 | Peroxisomes | Mitochondria | Endoplasmic reticulum | Lysosomes | Physiology | General | 8de3d47d-1f33-4391-b3e9-61b8c531e8b3 | single |
The Children's Act 1960 provide for care, maintenance, training and rehabilitation of which of the following? | The Children's Act 1960 provides for care of delinquent children. Delinquent children are those who show detion from normal behaviour and have committed an offence. Ref: Park 21st edition page: 645. | 2 | Under 5 children | Delinquent children | Socially deprived children | Physically handicapped children | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | dd7f33cb-b617-40b7-bb86-11ec32682068 | multi |
Marker of fecal contaminatin is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., E. coli | 2 | A scaris | E. coli | guinea worm presence | Balantidium coli | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | d674c954-88a2-46f9-bd00-ec6d306d6924 | single |
Which of the following statements about the contrast in radiography is true – | null | 1 | Ionic monomers have three iodine atoms per two particles in solution | Osmolar contrast agents may be ionic or non ionic | Gadolinum may cross the blood brain barrier | Iohexol is a high osmolar contrast media | Radiology | null | 417c5059-5807-4a1a-82ad-fc19f147677c | multi |
The first reflex response to appear as spinal Shock wears off in humans is | (B) Withdrawal reflex CENTERREFLEXESCerebral cortex* Conditional reflexes* Optical righting reflex* Placing reaction* Hooping reactionSpinal cord* Stretch reflexes* Positive supporting reaction* Negative supporting reactionMidbrain* Righting reflexes* Neck righting reflex* Labrynthine righting reflex* Body or head righ... | 2 | Tympanic reflex. | Withdrawal reflex | Neck righting reflex | Labyrinthine reflex | Physiology | Nervous System | f5b491d8-436e-41d8-8d50-2b59c357541a | single |
The most common indication for liver transplantation in end-stage liver disease? | Liver transplantation--the replacement of the native, diseased liver by a normal organ (allograft)--is now a lifesaving operation applied more optimally in the natural history of an end-stage liver disease. The preferred and technically most advanced approach is ohotopic transplantation, in which the native organ is re... | 3 | Wilson's disease | Chronic hepatitis B | Chronic hepatitis C | Alcoholic liver injury | Medicine | C.V.S | 74ccc064-9c78-453e-ba09-1f94c475447a | single |
Opening of esophagus into diaphragm is at the level of | Opening of esophagus into diaphragm is at the level of T10. Ref - BDC 6th edition Vol 1 pg282 | 2 | T6 | T10 | T12 | T8 | Anatomy | Thorax | 093ad189-ca04-4e2d-b92f-e38b96bc12ea | single |
How much amount of energy is yielded by one gm of alcohol in the body? | Alcohol supplies about 7cal/gm of energy. Energy yield of macro-nutrients (Proximate principles): Nutrient Energy yield Carbohydrates 4 cal per gram (17 KJ) Proteins 4 cal per gram (17 KJ) Fats 9 cal per gram (37 KJ) | 3 | 1 cal | 4 cal | 7 cal | 9 cal | Social & Preventive Medicine | Proteins, Fats, Rich Sources | 268e86a9-aebb-499c-8f6b-f04328451510 | single |
Most common and most malignant neuroendocrine tumour of pancreas? | Ans. (a) GastrinomaRef: Sabiston 20th edition Page 954* MC functioning endocrine neoplasm of pancreas - insulinoma* MC endocrine neoplasm in MEN - 1 Syndrome - Gastrinoma* MC and most malignant endocrine neoplasm - gastrinoma* MC neuroendocrine tumor - Nonfunctioning tumors | 1 | Gastrinoma | Glucagonoma | Insulinoma | VIPoma | Surgery | Pancreas | 08dff0ff-9567-4e13-8c01-772a488fae80 | single |
The following tests are used to check the efficiency of pasteurization of milk except : | Methylene blue Reduction test is a indirect test for detection of microorganism in milk. It is carried out on milk prior to the process of pasteurization and is not used to check the efficiency of pasteurization. Ref: Alcamo's Laboratory Fundamentals of Microbiology By Jeffrey Pommerville, 2010, Page 297 | 4 | Phosphatase test | Standard plate count | Coliform count | Methylene blue reduction test | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | d62d613a-237a-409e-ba9c-afee3bb01cec | multi |
Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by all EXCEPT: | ANSWER: (B) TuberculosisREF: Apley's system of orthopedics & fracture 8th edition page 247-248Carpal tunnel syndrome is produced by entrapment of median nerve beneath the flexor retinaculum. Associated conditions that can leads to carpal tunnel syndrome are:Idiopathic (most common)PregnancyEndocrine disordersHypothyroi... | 2 | Hypothyroidism | Tuberculosis | Pregnancy | Acromegaly | Orthopaedics | Peripheral Nerve Injuries | cf5fdc5d-e730-4647-a1c9-e538c6257e06 | multi |
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia with increased urobilinogen is seen in: | Ans. (a) Hemolytic anemia(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 631 -632)Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia with increased urobilinogen is seen in Hemolytic anemia | 1 | Hemolytic anemia | Liver cirrhosis | Bile duct obstruction | Sclerosing cholangitis | Pathology | Misc. (R.B.C) | 48d4715a-c2d6-489e-87a8-d4614b750485 | single |
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