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Global Hunger Index does not include | null | 4 | Undernourishment | Mortality of children < 5 years of age | Under weight children < 5 years of age | Lack of emotional support in children < 5 years of age | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 00a7adba-04ae-4f6e-8536-27c8e9261d94 | single |
Which rtf the following is true about Lambda phage? | Ans. c. Lysogenic form incorporates in host DNA and remain dormant In the lysogenic phage the phage virus does not immediately cause the lysis of the cell, instead it integrates into the host genome."In (he lysogenic phase the phage virus does not immediately cause the lysis of the ceil, instead it integrates into the ... | 3 | It cause mad cow disease | Lysogenic to lytic conversion cannot occur | Lysogenic form incorporates in host DNA and remain dormant | Lytic phase incorporates in host DNA proliferate and causes rupture of cell | Microbiology | Virology | 7d1451a3-f009-440e-a06a-5b2f329aee79 | multi |
Looser's zones/pseudofracture are commonly seen in the following areas except- | * Common location of pseudo fracture are scapula, medial femoral neck, pubic & ischial rami (pelvis),LT, ribs, & clavicle proximal ulna & radius, MT,MC and phalanges. Looser&;s Zone ( Milkman&;s Pseudofractures ) Pathognomonic * Looser zones are radiolucent lines that are often penetrating through the coex perpendicula... | 4 | Scapula | Ribs | Pelvis | Radius | Orthopaedics | Metabolic and endocrine disorders | 0bb2c98d-5fca-4d05-b908-6e5d8cf5e190 | multi |
Joule burns is seen in- | Electric burn is also called as Joule burn. | 1 | Electrocution | Thermal injury | Radiation injury | Lightning | Forensic Medicine | null | 37e0eefe-56c5-4ff7-9c77-7bd04c0d8f12 | single |
Which of the following is a feature of Ulcerative colitis? | a. Spiking fever - positive in Crohn's disease because of intraabdominal abscess. b. Proctitis - Rectum inflammation is a feature of Ulcerative colitis. c. Fistula formation - Positive in Crohn's disease d. Cobble stone mucosa - Positive in Crohn's disease | 2 | Spiking fever | Proctitis | Fistula formation | Cobble stone mucosa | Medicine | Inflammatory Bowel Disease | e4f6aafe-2f43-4737-a05f-8106391df8b1 | single |
Which of the following has maximum cholesterol content: | Ans. (b) LDLRef: Harper's Biochemistry, 30th edn. pg. 254; Harper 26th ed. pg. 206* Max cholesterol- LDL* Max TG- chylomicrons (inform of triacylglycerol)* Max exogenous TG- Chylomicron* Max endogenous TG- VLDLLipoprotein, its source, composition, main lipid component and its apolipoproteinLipoproteinSourceCompositionM... | 2 | HDL | LDL | VLDL | Chylomicrons | Biochemistry | Lipids | 31785465-c6cf-4e59-8d6c-0894c87715cc | single |
Vascular inflow occlusion of the liver is by ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., The Pringle manoeuvre Pringle manoeuvre - placing an atraumatic clamp across the foramen of Winslow. | 4 | Clamping the hepatic aery | Occluding the poal vein | Clamping the hepatic veins | The Pringle manoeuvre | Surgery | null | cb8d6232-1b08-4640-a203-018c238813f5 | single |
Helicobacter pylori is not associated with : | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Gastric leiomyoma Ref.: Harrison 17th/e p 946, 1858 & 16th/ep 886, 1749 (15th/e p961) * Diseases associated with H. Pylori infection Non-cardia gastric Ca B-cell non-Hodgkin's gastric lymphoma Gastric ulcer Duodenal ulcer Chronic gastritis Gastroesophageal reflux disease. Association with H. pylori (OR... | 3 | Gastrointestinal lymphoma | Gastric cancer | Gastric leiomyoma | Peptic ulcer | Medicine | Peptic Ulcer and Related Disorders | 6adf2500-e66b-4a4c-9b25-ee2eb06f7c11 | single |
Sternocleidomastoid is supplied by all of the'following aeries except? | Posterior auricular According to the aicle-"The Blood Supply of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle and Its Clinical Implications" Antonius Kierner, MD; Main Aigner, MD; Inngard Zelenka, MD; Gunther Riedl; Main Burian, MD Upper third - supplied by branches of the occipital aeryMiddle third - supplied by branch of the superi... | 2 | >Occipital | >Posterior auricular | >Thyrocervical trunk | >Superior thyroid | Anatomy | null | c8e84628-68ee-44a4-8d4d-315b6e47ac1c | multi |
All of the following are features of synchysis scintillans except: | Ans. Spherical calcium bodies | 2 | Fluid vitreous | Spherical calcium bodies | Shower of gold rain | Secondary to trauma or inflammations of the eye | Ophthalmology | null | 22a415fb-96ac-4838-9822-d0d9223e4680 | multi |
All are advantages of Zinc therapy for Wilson disease except: | Zinc treatment in wilson disease: It is efficient in Wilson's disease Nontoxic Produces a negative copper balance by blocking intestinal absorption of copper It induces hepatic metallothionein synthesis, which sequesters additional toxic copper Ref: Harrison, E-18, P-3190. | 2 | It is nontoxic | Produces positive copper balance | Blocks intestinal absorption of copper | Induces hepatic metallothionein synthesis | Pharmacology | null | 0f637951-7d2a-4d61-8709-41328b0ee57c | multi |
Sagittal split osteotomy is a procedure done in the
mandibular: | null | 1 | Ramus | Body | Symphysis | Angle | Surgery | null | 80b8b973-c0c3-483b-a700-3e9b47510269 | single |
Which of these is not a risk factor for thromboembolism - | All those factors which promote DVT are also risk factors for thromboembolism. Superficial thrombophlebitis itself cannot cause thromboembolism (as thrombus formed in superficial thrombophlebitis strongly adhere to the venous wall) but it is a risk factor for DVT. The thrombosis in superficial thrombophlebitis can exte... | 3 | Myocardial infarction | Estrogen therapy | Hypeension | Superficial thrombophlebitis | Surgery | Vascular surgery | 9b387c61-d0c9-472c-b124-5bdbb2b3c0da | single |
Figure of 8 configuration on chest x–ray is seen in – | X-ray findings of TAPVC
Cardiomegaly
Plethoric lung fields
Snowman or figure of 'V configuration ---> In supracardiac TAPVC.
Ground glass appearance of lung —> In obstructive TAPVC.
Clinical manifestations of TAPVC
Nonobstructive TAPVC -4 Patients presents with mild cyanosis and CHF at 6-8 weeks.
Obstructive TAPVC... | 3 | TOF | ASD | TAPVC | VSD | Pediatrics | null | 66e402b9-11ef-43b1-b509-4b86237647e5 | single |
Pregnancy which continues 'following threatened abortion is likely to have increased incidence of: | Prognosis of threatened abortion
In about two-third, the pregnancy continues beyond 28 weeks. In the rest, it terminates either as inevitable or missed miscarriage. If the pregnancy continues, there is increased frequency of preterm labor, placenta previa, intrauterine growth restriction of the fetus and fetal anomalie... | 4 | Preterm laber | Fetal malformation | IUGR | All of the above | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 96050d91-c4ac-4d1b-9488-2aeeff0324c2 | multi |
The intricately and prodigiously looped system of veins and aeries that lie on the surface of the epididymis is known as: | The pampiniform plexus of veins refers to the plexus of veins emerging from the testis, it drains the venous blood from the testis. This plexus ascends up and at the superficial inguinal ring condenses to form four veins, and pass through the inguinal canal within the spermatic cord. At the level of deep inguinal ring,... | 3 | Choroid plexus | Tuberal plexus | Pampiniform plexus | Pterygoid plexus | Anatomy | null | a4889149-92cf-4af4-aca0-ce613a6fafe0 | single |
Linitis plastica is a feature of - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Lymphoma of stomachLinitis plastica Involvement of a broad region of the gastric wall or entire stomach by diffuse stomach cancer cause linitis plastica.It is also known as Brinton's disease.The appearance of stomach is like leather bottle.o The other cause of linitis plastica areu Lye ingestion u Met... | 3 | Hiatus hernia | Chronic gastric ulcer | Chronic gastric ulcer | All | Pathology | null | 1fa54aaa-aab8-48c7-8ed8-79be66464c95 | multi |
Most important antigen presenting cells in human? | Ans. c (Langerhan's cells/histiocytes). (Ref. Robbins, Pathology, 7th, 199, 1228)# Macrophages have role in inflammation and induction and effector phase of immune response.# Dendritic cells are important antigen presenting cells for initiating primary immune responses against protein ags.# Features which contribute to... | 3 | Macrophages | Plasma cells | Langerhan's cells/histiocytes | Lymphocytes | Pathology | Immunity | 04e52dc2-8b50-4f44-989b-3db8d6abfe66 | single |
A chronic alcoholic presents with truncal instability and an uncoordinated gait. An MRI confirms alcoholic degeneration of the cerebellar vermis. Which of the following cells is most notably destroyed in this patient ? | Alcohol is directly toxic to the cerebellum, causing degeneration primarily of the anterior superior vermis. This is due to either shrinkage or atrophy of Purkinje cells. Chronic alcoholism results in a risk of significant loss of Purkinje cells. This is worsened by associated vitamin B1 deficiency, resulting from both... | 3 | Basket cell | Golgi cell | Purkinje cell | Granule cell | Anatomy | Brainstem, cerebellum and ventricles | 7220df93-3d26-4188-9a0d-f98589b7bf00 | single |
Extrapyramidal side effects are common in | Antipsychotic medications commonly produce extrapyramidal symptoms as side effects. The extrapyramidal symptomsinclude acute dyskinesias and dystonic reactions, tardive dyskinesia, Parkinsonism, akinesia, akathisia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Ref: KD tripathi 8th ed. | 4 | Anti depressants | Anti epileptics | Anti maniacs | Anti psychotics | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system | 2d6983a7-9904-4368-9ce6-01cac77645b9 | single |
Which among the following is increased during sleep induction ? | Stimulation cholinergic neurons in pontine reticular formation is responsible for sleep induction. When the activity of norepinephrine and serotonin containing neurons in locus coeruleus and raphe nuclei is increased, the activity of ACH-containing neurons in the pontine reticular formation decreases, leading to wakefu... | 1 | | Acetyl choline | | Histamine | | Norepinephrine and serotonin | | GABA | Physiology | Higher Functions | d1ce2f64-fdab-46ba-9c4b-b8e7a4bbfb61 | single |
All of the following are anti HIV agents except : | null | 2 | Ritonavir | Acyclovir | Didanosine | Zidovudine | Pharmacology | null | e5564b25-a2c0-4480-bd7f-1afd66968b58 | multi |
Renal vein thrombosis is most commonly associated with : | Answer is B (Membranous Glomerulopathy): Membranous glomerulonephritis has the strongest association with development of thrombisis in Renal veins. - Thrombosis & Hemorrhage 3rd/724 Nephrotic Syndrome accompanying membranous 2lomerulopathy and ceain carcinomas predisposes to Development of Renal vein thrombosis (which ... | 2 | Diabetic nephropathy | Membranous glomerulopathy | Minimal change disease | Mesangio-proliferative glomerulonephritis | Medicine | null | 0254e7ec-c82d-4988-a054-6740f118383f | single |
Increased C-peptide is seen in - | null | 2 | Glucagoma | Insulinoma | Gastrinoma | Hepatoma | Medicine | null | c60db5f7-b287-4e02-9cba-ff9f675f46ed | single |
First case in an epidemic is called - | null | 2 | Index case | Primary case | First case | None of the above | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | ea6da5c6-423f-4a9b-9fa7-b13eeb6fd4f4 | multi |
Which grade of ROP (Retinopathy of Prematurity) shows a ridge with retinal fibrovascular proliferation and neovasularisation? | Retinopathy of Prematurity is a vasoproliferative retinopathy that affects premature and low-bih-weight infants. ROP stage 3 shows extra retinal fibrovascular proliferation at the ridge between normal and avascular retina. Stages of Retinopathy of Prematurity are: STAGE 1: Demarcation line dividing vascualr from avascu... | 3 | ROP 1 | ROP 2 | ROP 3 | ROP 4 | Ophthalmology | null | 583588c9-ae4b-4559-85a0-caab03583628 | single |
A 3 year old male child diagnosed to have acute UT1 developed left flank pain on ulatrasonogram, the left ureter was found to be duplicated the most probable site of opening of ectopic ureter will be - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Prostatic urethra Ectopic ureter o A ureter that drains outside the bladder is referred to as an ectopic ureter. o Ectopic ureter usally drains the upper pole of a duplex collecting system (two ureter duplication of ureter). o It is more common in girls. | 1 | Prostatic urethra | Vas deferens | Seminal vesicle | Trigone of bladder | Pediatrics | null | 0e9fb72a-2cd9-4e09-b318-d3b51451c0a4 | single |
Macular scar is formed in which of the following diseases: | Ans. All of the above | 4 | Papillitis | Hypeension | Neuroretinitis | All of the above | Ophthalmology | null | dc6e4b03-bc1f-4c76-8ade-642669de6b66 | multi |
Enzymes found in CSF: | Ans. c. CK + LDH (Ref: Textbook of Medical Biochemistry by Dinesh Puri 2/e p154, 155)CK (Subunit composition BB) and LDH-3 (Subunit composition HHMM) are found in brain (CSF).Tissue Distribution of Lactate Dehydrogenase IsoenzymeIsoenzymeSubunit compositionTissuePercentage in serumLDH-1HHHHMyocardium, RBCQ30LDH-2HHHMMy... | 3 | GGT + ALP | ALP + CK-MB | CK + LDH | Deaminase and Peroxidase | Biochemistry | Miscellaneous (Enzymes) | a7bd7edc-7d2b-4bf0-86d3-0e037c3de55d | single |
Eruption of Deciduous Mandibular Canine occur at | null | 3 | 8-9 months | 10-11 months | 16-18 months | 15-16 months | Dental | null | eb31b031-950f-4d15-96fa-d8f3f5c50111 | single |
Which muscle originates from tendon of other muscle? | -Origin of the following muscles are as follows:-Lumbricals 1 and 2 from lateral side of lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus.Lumbricals 3 and 4 from adjacent sides of medial 3 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus.-Palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis from medial epicondyle of humerus by a common flexo... | 3 | Palmaris longus | FCR | Lumbricals | Adductor pollicis | Anatomy | Upper limb | ad5ce326-8a88-4194-b3da-4a5f6280cab8 | single |
Level of prolactin above which hyperprolactinemia term is used is? | Normal adult serum PRL levels are about 10-25 mg/L in women and 10-20 mg/L in men. PRL secretion is pulsatile, with the highest secretory peaks occurring during rapid eye movement sleep. Peak serum PRL levels (up to 30 mg/L) occur between 4:00 and 6:00 a.m. The circulating half-life of PRL is about 50 min. Hyperprolact... | 4 | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | Medicine | Disorders of pituitary gland | 6a2b9ce5-2c8a-455d-9ef2-26b537ba5b02 | multi |
Tacrolimus plasma level is increased by all EXCEPT: | Tacrolimus (FK506)- It is a newer immunosuppressant chemically different from cyclosporine, but having the same mechanism of action, and is 100 times more potent. It binds to a different cytoplasmic immunophilin protein labeled 'FKBP', but the subsequent steps are the same, i.e inhibition of helper T cells calcineurin.... | 4 | Erythromycin | Itraconazole | Danazole | Rifampicin | Pharmacology | Immunomodulators | 3c37dcb1-1437-4994-be07-307f637af806 | multi |
Small vessel vasculitis includes all of the following EXCEPT? | Takayasu disease- Large vessel vasculitis Anti GBM antibody disease (Goodpasture disease), SLE & IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schonlein purpura) are examples of small vessel vasculitis | 2 | Anti GBM antibody disease | Takayasu disease | IgA vasculitis | Systemic Lupus erythematosus | Pediatrics | Vasculitic Disorders in Children | 0ad2ed9f-fe0c-42cc-b6ad-bcfebf204160 | multi |
Vigabatrin is used for the treatment of | Sabril (vigabatrin) is an anti-epileptic medication, also called an anticonvulsant,used in combination with other medications to treat complex paial seizures in adults and adolescents who are at least 16 years old. Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed. | 2 | GTCS | Infantile spasms | Myoclonic epilepsy | Paial seizures | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system | 41865542-2c0e-4ded-a0c5-6774f9a23d39 | single |
The propoion of children in the age group of 0-6 years, (who are the beneficiaries of Integrated Child Development Service Scheme), in the population is about - | Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) is a government programme in India which provides food, preschool education, primary healthcare, immunization, health check-up and referral services to children under 6 years of age and their mothers.The scheme was launched in 1975, discontinued in 1978 by the government of ... | 2 | 6% | 13% | 20% | 27% | Social & Preventive Medicine | Demography and family planning | 104e281e-ffbe-4acd-80ca-d9f99970c008 | single |
Reversible pulpits is | null | 4 | Aggravated by heat and relieved by cold | Aggravated by cold and relieved by heat | No reaction to hot and cold | Reacts to electric pulp tester | Dental | null | 4900f089-dd04-42d5-9e50-8ef81151a063 | single |
'Flare' in Triple response is mediated by | Lewis Triple response includes wheal, flare and red reaction.
Histamine when released causes capillary dilatation due to precapillary sphincter relaxation resulting in red reaction. Due to the dilatation, the gap between endothelial cells is widened, which leads to increased permeability and allows extravasation of flu... | 1 | Axon reflex | Arteriolar dilation | Histamine release | Local hormones | Physiology | null | 8af60f74-1790-45a1-b626-791e0f990be3 | single |
Which of the following hepatitis viruses is a DNA virus | Hepas B virus ( HBV)
Hepas B virus is the most widespread virus and the most important cause of viral hepas.
HBV belongs to Hepadnaviridae
HBV is hepadnavirus type-1
Hepas B is the only hepas virus which has DNA. All others are RNA viruses.
HBV contains two linear strands of DNA. One of the strands (the plus strand) i... | 2 | Hepas C virus | Hepas B virus | Delta agent | Hepas E virus | Microbiology | null | 6159376b-11c7-4440-9575-44a45db0c9e3 | single |
Thomas splint is used for immobilizing fractures of ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Femur Splints Any material which is used to suppo a fracture is called splint. Splints are used for immobilizing fractures; either temporarily during transpoation or for definitive treatment. The most commonly employed splints is plaster of paris (POP) splint. Various POP splints are:- 1) Casts : - He... | 1 | Femur | Tibia | Radius | Ulna | Surgery | null | 99c5eeb3-adef-4c25-9f9d-df777a02e4d5 | single |
Use of tamoxifen in carcinoma of breast patients does not lead to the following side effects. | Ans. is 'd' i.e. Cancer in opposite breast Adverse effects of Tamoxifen: - Hot flushes, nausea vomiting (most common side effects)*Menstrual irregularities, vaginal bleeding, discharge, pruritus vulvae & dermatitisEndometrial cancerThromboembolismCataractsRetinal deposits & decreased visual acuityUses of Tamoxifen: -Es... | 4 | Thromboembolic events | Endometrial Carcinoma | Cataract | Cancer in opposite breast | Surgery | Breast Cancer - Treatments | c54928ed-8c98-4610-9022-c3abc108955e | single |
Which of the following is the most common malignant ovarian tumor? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Serous cystadenocarcinoma o Serous cysadenomas or cysadenocarcinomas form about 50% of all the ovarian tumors. Of these 60 - 70 % are benign, 15% borderline malignant, and 20 - 25% malignant. Thus serous cystadenocarcinomas form the most common malignant tumors of ovary. | 1 | Serous cysadenocarcinoma | Mucinous tumor | Endometrioid tumor | Mesonephroid tumor | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Presentation (Carcinoma Ovary) | abc2e7bf-37c4-4f54-aa76-be19f9fa7edf | single |
Which of the following is the vascular arrangement inside the young red bone marrow? | Nutrient aery-central longitudinal aerioles-radial capillaries- sinuses-nutrient vein, is the correct vascular arrangement inside the young red bone marrow. A nutrient aery enters the cavity through a large nutrient foramen in the shaft of the bone. Other aeries typically enter the cavity near the ends of the bone. The... | 2 | Nutrient aery-central longitudinal aerioles-radial capillaries-sinuses-central longitudinal veins-nutrients vein | Nutrient Aery-central longitudinal aerioles-radial capillaries-sinuses- nutrient nutrient vein | Radial Capillaries-sinuses-nutrients in | Nutrient aery-radial aeries-sinusoids-nutrient vein | Physiology | null | ad5bc79e-6cc7-496c-9daf-94ef798a1b0a | single |
Maximum dose of radiation which is considered safe for human in a year is: March 2010 | Ans. A: 5 Rads | 1 | 5 Rads | 10 Rads | 15 Rads | 20 Rads | Radiology | null | 0b18f9d6-ca27-420a-8293-660187108d73 | single |
All are Pharmacological methods of cervical ripening except? | Pharmacological method Non pharmacological method 1. Dinoprostone gel (pge2) 1. Stripping of membrane 2. Misoprostol (pge1) 2. Mechanical dilators - Transcervical catheter and Osmotic dilators 3. Mifepristone 3.Extra-amniotic saline infusion During cervical ripening,Collagen fibril diameter and proteoglycan and glycosa... | 4 | Pge2 | Pge1 | Mifepristone | Transcervical Catheter | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Drugs in Pregnancy | 12e5a95a-d2e8-4693-aecb-d3e7276f9be3 | multi |
Which of the following statements about hair follicles is true? | Hair follicles are present only in thin skin. They are associated with sebaceous glands and errector pili smooth muscle bundles. | 2 | They are always associated with an eccrine sweat gland | They are present in thin skin but not in thick skin | Their associated Arrector pili muscle is composed of striated fibers | Their hair shaft inses into the papillary layer of the epidermis | Anatomy | Lymphoid tissue & Integumentary system | 1e2946b8-645b-488f-b9cf-77719b5961d0 | multi |
False statement about trigeminal nerve: (PGI Nov 2010) | Ans: C (Arise from C8 nerve root) "The trigeminal nerve through its three branches is the chief sensory' nerve of the faceJr>- B.D.C 4th/ VoS HI 54"The trigeminal nerve emerges near the midpontine level. It has small motor root & large sensory root?'- Gray's 40th/284 SpinaI nucleus of trigeminal nerve extends from uppe... | 3 | Carries sensation from face and scalp | Has motor branch | Arise from C8 nerve root | Composed of spinal nucleus | Anatomy | Cranial Cavity | e87599c7-ea00-4aef-adea-33fa7c954bd5 | multi |
For the following statements, select whether it is applicable to metoprolol and/or captopril.The effects on the heart result in a prominent negative inotropic effect | Beta-blockers have a negative inotropic effect on the heart. Despite this they improve survival in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure. | 1 | true of metoprolol but not captopril | true of captopril but not metoprolol | true of both captopril and metoprolol | true of neither captopril nor metoprolol | Medicine | C.V.S. | 1af2ea19-5174-4d46-9f7b-fb09a939af57 | multi |
Small round cell tumors ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All Small round blue cell tumors Histologically many of the malignant pediatric neoplasms are unique. They tend to have a more primitive (embryonal) rather than pleomorphic anaplastic microscopic appearance. Often characterized by sheets of cells with small round nuclei. Frequently exhibit features of... | 4 | Wilm's tumor | Retinoblastoma | Rhabdomyosarcoma | All | Pathology | null | b423852c-3228-4e07-9537-2085659facf7 | multi |
LVH is commonly seen with - | null | 3 | Pure mitral stenosis | ASD with fossa-ovalis | Aortic incompetance | Carcinoid syndrome | Medicine | null | 1c3b800d-ccf0-408a-a639-a12acfcdefd1 | single |
Which of the following can cause delirium ? | Ans. is `d' i.e., All of the above Impoant causes of delirium 1. Trauma : - Head injury, subdural hematoma 2.Infection : - Septicemia, pneumonia, endocarditis. 3.Metabolic : - Hypoxia, hypercapnia, uremia, CHF, Hepatic failure, porphyria, metabolic acidosis or alkalosis, water & electrolyte imbalance. 4. Endocrine : - ... | 1 | Hypoxia | Barbiturates | Alcohol withdrawal | All of the above | Psychiatry | null | 404dc7bd-f54a-4972-a6fc-8b6da3dd02ba | multi |
Commonest cause of cerebral infarction is - | null | 1 | Embolism | Arteritis | Thrombosis | Cysticercosis | Medicine | null | 36230c24-d269-4484-8d4b-0dfc086aefa0 | single |
Which of the following relaxes mesangial cells in the glomerulus | Substances causing relaxation of mesangial cells
- ANP
- Dopamine
- PGE2
- cAMP
Substances causing contraction of mesangial cells
- Endothelin
- Vasopressin
- PGF2
- Angiotensin II
- Norepinephrine
- PAF
- PDGF
- Thromboxane A2
- ... | 1 | Dopamine | Histamine | AT III | PDGF | Physiology | null | 7fe0d8ac-da64-4022-9bcd-857bb99b2f41 | single |
In a study it is observed that the right ovary ovulates more than left, all are possible explanations for the cause except- | Right handedness is more common in population 730full.pdf] In the primate it is suggested that ovulations occur with equal .frequency in the left and right ovary. In the humans it there is some controversy about the frequency of ovulation on each side. It is believed that in normally menstruating women ovulation was si... | 3 | Anatomical asymmetry | Difference in blood supply to both sides | Right handedness is more common in population | Some embryological basis | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 513a58c0-abcf-4cdc-adc9-d091d7ff46d1 | multi |
IgA protease in not needed in infection of: | Ans: c and d Ref:Ananthanarayan, 7th ed, p. 335,218; Harrison, 16th ed, p. 806, 864Both S. pneumonia and H. influenza do not have IgA protease.Now it is upto you to decide.Bacteria showing antigenic variationBorrelia recurrentisTrypanosoma bruziNeisseriaGroup A streptococci | 3 | Gonococci | Meningococci | S.pneumonia | H.influenza | Microbiology | Bacteria | 37d81442-90ba-449d-a0d1-557f80888188 | single |
True regarding Na+ ion | Ans. (c) Responsible for depolarization(Ref: Guyton, 13th ed/p.65)Option a - Sodium ion is not Responsible for Donnan effect. This effect is due to non-diffusible anions like proteinsOption b - potassium ion is responsible for RMPOption d - many substances require sodium for their transport through secondary active tra... | 3 | Responsible for Donnan effect | Responsible for resting membrane potential | Responsible for depolarization | Dose not help other ions in transport | Physiology | General | 313a08c7-384b-40d1-83f4-df384a49f8ab | multi |
Which is most significant finding in cardiotocography for detection of fetal hypoxia? | Late deceleration: Begins at or after the contraction peak and touches the baseline only after the end of contraction.It has a smooth and gradual onset and recovery and magnitude is rarely >40bpm.It is classically caused by uteroplacental insufficiency and indicates hypoxia. Most common causes are maternal hypotension ... | 1 | Late deceleration | Variable deceleration | Sinusoidal deceleration | Early deceleration | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Diagnosis in obstetrics | 16b83a9d-5e5b-4525-a6d4-2db73464595a | single |
In pancoast tumor, following is seen except- | Haemoptysis is seen in central tumors or endobronchial growth (Pancoast tumor is a peripheral tumor)
Pancoast's tumor (also k/a superior sulcus tumor)
Is a tumor of the apex of the lung
It may grow to cause
shoulder and arm pain - d/t involvement of C8, T1 & T2 nerves
Erosion of ribs
Homer's syndrome (Enopthalmos, Pto... | 3 | Homer's syndrome | Rib erosion | Haemoptysis | Pain in shoulder and arm | Surgery | null | 9f8c0880-2f99-4dff-9ddf-284427b5bdf1 | multi |
Antimalarial of choice in a pregnant woman (I timester) who is chloroquine resistant is? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Quinine "Quinine is the only widely available drug that is acceptable as suitable for treating chloroquine - resistant infections during pregnancy". | 1 | Quinine | Proguanil | Dapsone & pyrimethamine | Mefloquine | Pharmacology | null | 6b925c93-0e35-4774-9b71-4084bd078283 | single |
Unilateral hydronephrosis is due to ? | Ans. is c i.e. Carcinoma prostate | 3 | Bladder neck contracture | Stricture urethra | Carcinoma of prostate | All | Surgery | null | b5574584-643a-49cd-9fb7-a78fdcba7da3 | multi |
Which one of the following is NOT an epithelial tumour of the ovary: September 2012 | Ans. D i.e. Endodermal sinus tumour Endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumour is a rare tumour but the second most common of germ cell origin | 4 | Serous cystadenoma | Brenner tumour | Clear cell tumour | Endodermal sinus tumour | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | cabe5655-284d-4c9d-9eb1-5fc79b08dbb7 | single |
The following separation technique depends on the molecular size of the protein : | C i.e. Gel filtration Chromatography | 3 | Chromatography on a carboxymethyl (CM) cellulose column | Iso-electric focussing | Gel filtration chromatography | Chromatography on a diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose column | Biochemistry | null | 9422d9f9-0e8d-4aee-a4b1-93d09b399bb2 | single |
An unconscious pt. of head injury comes in casualty. Examination shows raised intracranial pressure. Which anesthetic agent is contra- indicated : | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Ketamine Ketamine causes increase in all pressure of body fluids -Increased ICTIncreased IOTIncreased B.P.Therefore it is not used in raised ICT and IOT as it may increase the pressure to morbid levels.Other frequently asked questions about KetamineThe injection of a therapeutic dose of Ketamine produc... | 2 | Propofol | Ketamine | Etomidate | Thiopentone sodium | Anaesthesia | Anaesthesia For Special Situations | 4a0655cf-d91c-45a1-99c3-da654eef2dc8 | single |
The maximum density of goblet cells is seen in – | Goblet cells are the chief source of tear mucosa and they are most dense nasally. | 3 | Superior conjunctiva | Inferior conjunctiva | Nasal conjunctiva | Temporal conjunctiva | Ophthalmology | null | 92db7a64-5ef3-44b7-9066-d3f1c883246a | single |
A case of meningomyelocele was posted for surgery. Till the patient is waiting for surgery, the covering of the sac will be protected by a gauze soaked in: | a. Normal saline(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2802-2803, Ghai 8/e p 575-577)Meningomyelocele is covered with sterile saline-soaked gauze to prevent it from drying, trauma and infection | 1 | Normal saline | Tincture iodine | Methylene blue | Mercurochrome | Pediatrics | Central Nervous System | a3e83ca4-d619-4a1b-9f4d-59c661e7678f | single |
VEMP detects lesion of | The vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) are sho latency electromyograms that are evoked by acoustic stimuli of high intensity and recorded from surface electrodes over the tonically contracted sternocleidomastoid muscle. The origin of VEMP is in the saccule. The response pathway consists of Saccule; Inferior Ve... | 3 | Cochlear nerve | Superior vestibular nerve | Inferior vestibular nerve | Inflammatory lesions | ENT | Ear | a08f4fee-3851-4e64-8e38-9033ac872cf3 | single |
Hydrops foetalis is seen in following except : | Ans. is c i.e. ABO incompatibility | 3 | Rh incompatibility | Syphilis | ABO incompatibility | CMV | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | d2a56fcd-99ca-46ad-9f4d-cf43305d7ba6 | multi |
A 5 year old child has white pseudomernbraneous plaque or grey-white discharge on the surface of tonsils and history of low grade fever since 2 days. Culture shows growth of rod shaped bacilli, green in colour & bluish-purple granules. Which of the following is true for the above finding? | null | 1 | Bacilli appear in pair and have V and L pattern | Can rapidly grow on ordinary media | Can hydrolyse urea | Colonies are spider shaped | Microbiology | null | 036b0e84-1f87-41f5-901d-d7763b90b38e | multi |
Which of the following is NOT seen in Parkinsonism: March 2013 | Ans. A i.e. Preserved postural reflexes | 1 | Preserved postural reflexes | Hypokinesia | Rigidity | Static tremors | Medicine | null | 9c2ea8f6-222a-4c42-a565-9c5e2609a1cd | single |
A 9yr old boy is sent for neurological evaluation because of episodes of apparent inattention. Over the past year, child has experienced episodes during which he develops a blank look on face and his eyes blink for 15 seconds. He immediately resumes his previous activity. Wof therapies would be most appropriate for thi... | Ref:- kd tripathi;pg num:-411,416,417 | 3 | Watchful waiting | Carbamazepine plus primidone | Ethosuximide | Diazepam | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system | 752f998a-ae27-4e8f-a0cd-7c7ef3fc941d | single |
The nerve that is related to pyriform recess in pharynx: | PYRIFORM FOSSA:
It is a deep recess broad above and narrow below in the anterior part of lateral wall of the laryngopharynx, on each side of the laryngeal inlet.
These recesses are produced due to bulging of larynx into laryngopharynx.
Boundaries:
Medial: Aryepiglottic fold and quadrangular membrane of larynx.
Lateral... | 3 | Recurrent laryngeal | External laryngeal | Internal laryngeal | Glosso pharyngeal | Anatomy | null | 89d3fc18-1249-415e-81d4-d6d8397453ca | single |
McNaughton rule is: | Ref. Textbook of forensic medicine. Krishnan Vij. Page. 120 | 2 | Sec 84 CrPC | Sec 84 IPC | Sec 85 CrPC | Sec 85 IPC | Unknown | null | 6255d5df-adb8-4977-844a-2e8e494285d8 | single |
A pregnant patient comes at 34 weeks gestation with leaking. What examination will reliably confirm premature rupture of membranes in this patient? | Ans: (a) Speculum examinationRef: DC Textbook of Obstetrics, 8th edition, Page 369PREMATURE RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES (PROM)Spontaneous rupture of membranes anytime beyond 28th week but before the onset of labour is called prelabour rupture of the membranes.When it occurs before 37 completed weeks it is called preterm PROM ... | 1 | Speculum examination | USG | Non stress test | Amnisure | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Physiology & Histology | f8d5fbf5-426c-4830-a673-b3c6ff984e09 | single |
Which of the following does not represent a significant anaesthetic problem in the morbidly obese patient? | D i.e. Decreased cardiac out put relative to total body mass Obesity related changes Cardiovascular Respiratory Gastrointestinal Problems during anesthesia - T Blood volume - ,I. Compliance - Hiatus hernia - Difficult intubation Q - I Cardiac outputc2 - i Respiratory drive - Gastroesophageal - Increased risk of aspirat... | 4 | Difficulties in endotracheal intubation | Suboptimal aerial oxygen tension | Increased metabolism of volatile agents | Decreased cardiac output relative to total body mass | Anaesthesia | null | 3bf8eeb3-0c0e-42f4-b782-13aacc4f2949 | single |
Elements of bishop's score is ail except - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Endometrial consistencyo Bishop score, also Bishop's score, also known as cervix score is a pre-labor scoring system to assist in predicting whether induction of labor will be required.o The total score is achieved by assessing the following five components on vaeinal examination:y Cervical dilationy ... | 3 | Cervical dilatation | Cervical effacemat | Endometrial consistency | Fetal station | Pediatrics | New Born Infants | 8ddc0655-e059-466e-b9de-0b6f8e026a46 | multi |
Frontal Sinus can be best visualized by- | null | 1 | Caldwell's view | Water's view | Towne's view | Schuller's view | ENT | null | b9087604-020a-412d-af84-92498c015c02 | single |
Most common complication of ileostomy is: | - Overall M/c complication of ileostomy -Skin excoriation / dermatitis - MC early complication of ileostomy - Ischemia / necrosis - MC complication of both end colostomy and loop colostomy - Parastomal hernia - Parastomal hernia is more common in END colostomy (due to extensive dissection) - Prolapse is more common in ... | 2 | Ischemic necrosis | Skin irritation | Prolapse | Parastomal hernia | Surgery | Ileostomy and colostomy | 7dea2360-670f-4da8-a522-c5d0df5a2c12 | single |
Vertical extension of the enamel knot known as: | null | 3 | Enamel Knot. | Enamel navel. | Enamel cord. | Enamel septum. | Dental | null | 8c6622ce-7b77-45d6-81d7-f812133251e3 | single |
The method of choice of tuberculosis detection in mass screening is: | The method of choice of tuberculosis detection in mass screening is Sputum smear examination by direct microscopy . The reliability, cheapness and ease of direct microscopic examination has made it number one case-finding method. 2 sputum smears samples over a period of 2days is collected in pts with history of cough >... | 3 | Tuberculin test | Mass miniature radiography (MMR) | Sputum smear examination by direct microscopy | Sputum culture | Social & Preventive Medicine | RNTCP | 85032565-9caf-46df-ac48-391c399757f2 | single |
In control of peusis, the durg of choice for cases - | <p> control of peussis:- CASES:- Early diagnosis,isolation and treatment. Disinfection of discharge from nose and throat. Erythromycin is probably the drug of choice. A dose of 30-50 mg/kg of body weight in 4 divided doses for 10 days. Possible alternatives are ampicillin,septran or tetracycline. Antibiotics effective ... | 1 | Erythromycin | Ciprofloxacin | Tetracycline | Penicillin | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases | 51405ead-8cbd-4058-8464-0643c3b70271 | single |
Delta waves of Electroencephalogram have frequency of: | null | 3 | More than 14 cycles per second | Between 8 and 13 cycles per second | Less than 3.5 cycles per second | Between 4 and 7 cycles per second | Physiology | null | edf579ba-161b-4eeb-9009-d19c631a137a | single |
Henoch Schonlein purpura presents with deposition of ? | ANSWER: (B) IgAREF: Harrisons 17th ed chapter 319, CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment Chapter 20. Musculoskeletal & Immunologic DisordersHenoch-Schonlein purpura, the most common systemic vasculitis in children, occurs in adults as well. Typical features are palpable purpura, abdominal pain, arthritis, and hematuria... | 2 | IgG | IgA | IgM | IgE | Medicine | Vasculitis | 3d0b533d-f6b7-4caa-80d9-d8857d070e1e | single |
The maximum hours of work per week prescribed under the Factories Act is - | As per factories Act, a maximum of 48 hours per week, not exceeding 9 hours per day. (REF. PARK&;S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 756) | 2 | 42 | 48 | 54 | 60 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Hospital waste and disaster management, Occupational health | 1ecd922b-09db-419b-a713-05922b0ec515 | single |
Most potent estrogen is: | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Estradiol (E2)* The three major naturally occurring estrogens in women are estrone (El), estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3). Estradiol is the predominant estrogen during reproductive years both in terms of absolute serum levels as well as in terms of estrogenic activity.* During menopause, estrone is th... | 2 | Estrone (El) | Estradiol (E2) | Estriol (E3) | All are equal in potency | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) | 462ed478-5778-42aa-acf6-b016f652a1be | multi |
subjective state of restlessness and fidgetiness after staing antipsychotics is called as | Acute akathisia * It was coined by Haskovec * Subjective state of restlessness and fidgety behaviour * <72 hours of staing antipsychotics * DD=agitated depression * If this is misdiagnosed as agitation and if antipsychotic is hiked there will be worsening of symptoms Propranolol id the TOC ref.kaplon and sadock, synops... | 4 | dystonia | catatonia | cataplexy | akathisia | Anatomy | Pharmacotherapy in psychiatry | cbbc99df-d635-4c5c-90f2-f6d37977d121 | multi |
RBC cast is present in: | Ans. (b) Acute GlomerulonephritisRef.:Harrisott 18th edition,Acute NephroticHematuria, RBC castsAzotemia, oliguriaEdema, hypertensionChronic renal failure* Azotemia for >3 months* Prolonged symptoms or signs of uremia* Symptoms or signs of renal osteodystrophy* Kidneys reduce in size bilaterally* Broad casts in urinary... | 2 | Acute tubular nephritis | Acute glomerulonephritis | Acute Pyelonephritis | Acute interstitial nephritis | Medicine | Glomerular Diseases | a6385c38-cd84-4e08-9f1c-3c4c3ef8c2fc | single |
The enzyme deficient in Phenyl Ketonuria is: | Ref: Harpers illustrated Biochemistry, 28th editionExplanation: (See figure below)Tetrahydro biopterin (H4B) dependent reaction.In case of deficiency of phenyl alanine hydroxylase, phenyl alanine is converted in to phenylpyruvate & phenylacetate. accumulation of which results in phenyl ketonuria. FeaturesMental retarda... | 2 | Phenylalanine dehydrogenase | Phenylalanine hydroxylase | Tyrosine hydroxylase | Dihydrobiopted n | Biochemistry | Amino Acid Metabolic Disorder | 6a9125ad-451a-4b32-8f32-bea6c61ae878 | single |
Which level of Prolactin definitely suggest Prolactinoma? | (D) 200mg/LLesions of hypothalamic-pituitary lesion that disrupt hypothalamic dopamine synthesis, portal vessel delivery or lacto-trope responses are associated with Hyperprolactinemia.oHYPERPROLACTINEMIA is the most common pituitary hormone hyper-secretion syndrome in both men & women.oDegree of hyperprolactinemia is ... | 4 | >50 mg/L | >100 mg/L | >150 mg/L | >200 mg/L | Medicine | Endocrinology | be8e6e8f-43af-4482-981a-2570e4f25580 | single |
Bacitracin acts on: | Ans. (A) Cell wall(Ref: Katzung 10/e p741; KDT 8/e p741)Bacitracin acts by inhibiting the synthesis of cell wall.Other polypeptide antibiotics like polymyxin B, colistin and tyrothricin act by affecting membranes. | 1 | Cell wall | Cell membrane | Nucleic acid | Ribosome | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy: General Principles | 7a06cc85-0ccc-4dfe-a24b-f7e52c96836e | multi |
All of the following are side effects of topical pilocarpine solution except? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Follicular conjunctivitis | 4 | Accomodative spasm | Miosis | Blurred vision | Follicular conjunctivitis | Ophthalmology | null | ab8f24db-a6af-4732-9686-604b4c3deb26 | multi |
A 55 year old male, who is a known case of severe persistent asthma since 14 years of age presents with acute exacerbation of asthma. The disease was well controlled upto 54 years with high dose inhaled corticosteroids. For the past 12 months the disease was not in good control. He complains of nocturnal cough, limitat... | Answer: c) Airway remodeling (HARRISON 19TH ED, P-1675; ROBBINS 9TH ED, P-682)Airway remodeling:Over time, repeated bouts of allergen exposure and immune reactions result in structural changes in the bronchial wall, referred to as "airway remodeling"Airway remodeling adds an irreversible component to the obstructive di... | 3 | Airway epithelial shedding | Airway inflammation | Airway remodeling | Airway hyperresponsiveness | Medicine | Respiratory | 27390be2-540c-4d25-9219-beede0bb8e13 | single |
Bronchiectasis is most common in which lobe? | Bronchiectatic lesions are most commonly found in the lower lobes, probably because mucociliary clearance is facilitated by gravity in the upper lobes. The bronchiectatic lesions were identified most commonly in the left lower lobe, followed by the right lower lobe and left upper lobe. The most common organisms :- Haem... | 4 | Right upper lobe | Right middle lobe | Left upper lobe | Left lower lobe | Medicine | Bronchiectasis | 91cba452-ecb1-4461-9a39-f6bb478ce412 | single |
Atypical pneumonia can be caused by the following microbial agents except ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Kleibsella pneumoniae Atypical pneumonia is interstial pneumonia, while Kleibsella causes airspace pneumona. Kleibsella pneumonia presents as a typical 'air space' pneumonia with cough productive of purulent sputum. Causes of Atypical pneumonias Mycoplasma pneumonias Viral pneumonias -4 Influenza, RSV... | 4 | Mycoplasma pneumoniae | Legionella peumophila | Human corona virus | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Pathology | null | 8e12a3be-fa6b-4e4c-af9b-536cb9da2693 | multi |
Pregangrene is | Pregangrene is changes in tissue which indicates that blood supply is inadequate to keep tissues alive and presents with rest pain, colour changes, oedema, hyperaesthesia. | 2 | Ulceration | Hyperaesthesia | Putrefaction | Mummification | Surgery | null | be159f6f-c814-4daa-9f96-a7bc46c0b063 | single |
A 17-year-old boy comes to the physician because of edema of both legs as well as pen-
orbital edema There is no history of diarrhea and no urinary symptoms suggestive of
infection. He had a throat infection 3 weeks ago. His blood pressure is 110/70 mmHg. He
undergoes a kidney biopsy and light microscopy is normal. ... | null | 3 | Accelerated hypertension | ANCA associated vasculitis | Minimal change glomerulonephnitis | Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis | Pathology | null | 516a5a60-a9d3-42de-ac17-3ff8aaaeb2a4 | multi |
Turner syndrome is maximally associated with: | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Coarctation of aorta Turner 9s syndrome is commonly associated with congenital heart diseasesThe most common anomaly associated is bicuspid Aortic yalyes in one third to one half of the patients (50%)Other congenital anomalies associated with Turner's syndromeAortic coarctation (30%)Aortic stenosisMitr... | 2 | Horseshoe kidney | Coarctation of aorta | VSD | ASD | Pediatrics | Genetics of Common Disorders | 60ec7867-b934-40cc-a774-0716c68c687a | multi |
Chalazion of lid is- | *Chalazion is chronic non-infective lipogranulomatous inflammation of meibomian gland. Ref: Yanoff & Duker Ophthalmology 2nd/e p.708 | 3 | Caseous necrosis | Chronic nonspecific inflammation | Chronic lipogranulomatous inflammation | Liposarcoma | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus | 696e8cb8-2f1d-4a1a-af26-cdf629ac7c72 | single |
Commonest type of Retinal detachment - | Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment usually associated with a retinal break (hole or tear) through which subretinal fluid (SRF) seeps and separates the sensory retina from the pigmentary epithelium. This is the commonest type of retinal detachment. Ref khurana 6/e p 299 | 1 | Rheugmatogenous | Choroidal hemorrhage | Exudative | Tractional | Ophthalmology | Vitreous and retina | 828d9653-d932-47e3-ad10-7506e46760a5 | single |
Highest conduction rate in m/s is observed in | null | 4 | SA node | AV node | Bundle of His | Purkinje system | Physiology | null | f1d08577-38a4-444d-99b0-29ad1d6870b5 | single |
All are markers of mitochondria except - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 5-nucleotidase Organelle or fractionMarkersMitochondriaInner membrane: - ATP synthase. Succinate dehydrogenase Intermembrane space: - Creatine kinase, Adenyl kinase. Matrix: - Glutamate dehydrogenase, Pyruvate dehydrogenase, enzymes of TCA cycle & P-oxidation of fatty acidsPlasma membraneS'-Nucleotida... | 2 | ATP synthase | 5-nucleotidase | Glutamate dehydrogenase | Creatine kinase | Physiology | Cell Physiology and Intercellular Connections | 6df4e359-fdc3-41ed-a5d9-17d5489d34e0 | multi |
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