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A thirty year man presented with nausea, fever and jaundice of 5 days duration. The biochemical tests revealed a bilirubin of 6.7 mg/dl (conjugated 5.0 mg/dl) with SGOT/SGPT (AST/ALT) of 1230/ 900 IU/ml. The serological tests showed presence of HBsAg, IgM anti HBc and HBe Ag. The most likely diagnosis - | null | 2 | Chronic hepatitis B infection with high infectivity | Acute hepatitis B infection with high infectivity | Chronic hepatitis B infection with low infectivity | Acute hepatitis B infection with low infectivity | Microbiology | null | 80743579-7b0b-4df2-a10a-04e4f2311aa7 | single |
In computed tomography (CT), the attenuation values are measured in Hounsfield units (HU). An attenuation value of '0' (zero) HU corresponds to: | Ans. Water | 1 | Water | Air | Very dense bone structures | Fat | Radiology | null | 320ab1f4-4aa3-4da3-b174-c7c89e6d6230 | single |
SSRI is first line treatment for : | Ans:D.)All Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are US-FDA approved drugs of first choice (line) for major Depression, Obscessive - compulsive disorder (OCD), Premenstrual dysphoric disorder, Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Panic disorder, Eating disorder (bulimia nervosa), and Social phobia (social a... | 4 | OCD | Panic disorder | Social phobia | All | Psychiatry | null | 1fb4d597-8906-45b2-89e9-f586da6fae63 | multi |
Mees lines are characteristic of which poisoning? | Mes line(Aldrich mees line) are very charactristic of Arsenic poisoning.They are white bands of opacity in the nails of fingers and toes. | 2 | Phosphorus | Arsenic | Lead | Thalliam | Forensic Medicine | null | 392f4faa-d522-4586-b288-0a5d691f04b9 | multi |
Glutamic acid is formed from which of the following amino acid? | Glutamic acid is formed by the transamination of alanine and vice versa. Alanine aminotransferase is the enzyme and pyridoxal phosphate is the coenzyme.Ref: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 7th edition, page no: 201, fig.15.8. | 3 | Threonine | Proline | Alanine | Lysine | Biochemistry | Metabolism of protein and amino acid | a67a0110-ea4a-49a7-b0f2-8deba91f86ab | single |
Which disease comes under International Surveillance? | Diseases under WHO surveillance Polio Rabies Relapsing fever Influenza Salmonellosis Malaria Louse born typhus Ref : Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine; 24th edition | 2 | Typhoid fever | Salmonellosis | Chikungunya fever | Hepatitis B | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of health and disease | d182c30f-06a5-4d0a-9f0b-a1b5e0254767 | single |
Coenzyme used in Kreb's cycle ? | Niacin is used as coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD') for transfer of hydrogen. | 1 | NAD | NADP | NADPH | NADH | Biochemistry | null | a85db1d4-b089-4fc1-af3b-a5c6ab715ebe | single |
Apolipoprotein activating L-CAT (LQ) is | A-1 is the integral apoprotein of HDL.LCAT binds to discoidal HDL activated by A1 conves discoidal HDL to HDL 3Harpers Biochemistry; 30th edition | 2 | B - 48 | A - I | A - II | B-100 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of lipid | 52cd5175-0cc3-4176-8f64-90ef08fefd33 | single |
B-type tympanogram is seen in - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Serous otitis media Type of curseConditionA curve (Normal peak height and pressure)NormalEustachian tube obstructionAs curve (It is also a variant of normal tympanogram but may be shallow)OtosclerosisTumors of middle earFixed malleus syndromeTy mpanosclerosi sAd curve(Variant of normal with high peak)... | 1 | Serous otitis media | Ossicular discontinuity | Otosclerosis | All of the above | ENT | Ear | ccd9d635-f050-4da3-9fa6-56249b61d43a | multi |
In adults, circulatory collapse occurs after a minimum of what percentage burns of total body surface area: NIMHANS 08; TN 11 | Ans. 15% | 3 | 5% | 10% | 15% | 20% | Forensic Medicine | null | 42b701a2-2fba-46bf-ba6e-428f68796c70 | single |
What passes through diaphragm at T12 level ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Thoracic duct | 3 | Esophagus | IVC | Thoracic duct | Phrenic nerve | Anatomy | null | a9ddd372-4af2-4aff-b9c2-50d296a6d368 | single |
Beri-Beri is caused by - | - beri beri is due to the deficiency of thiamine. - it has 3 main forms. Dry form characterised by nerve involvement. Wet firm characterised by hea involvement and infantile beri beri. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:618 <\p> | 1 | Thiamine | Folic acid | Riboflavin | Niacin | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health | 72f55aa7-5242-4823-80dd-078c86964a1e | single |
A 58 year old male presents with hematuria. He s diagnosed of having bladder cancer which extends muscle deep. The best treatment is | Answer- B. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy | 2 | Intravesical Chemotherapy | Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy | Radiotherapy | Tranurethral resection | Surgery | null | bdc6cc31-cae1-4f47-9e81-d15797979283 | single |
The condition in which patient present with normal
leucocyte count or less than normal and shows WBC in
the peripheral blood: | null | 1 | Aleukemic Leukemia | Subleukemic leukemia | Acute leukemia | Chronic leukemia | Medicine | null | b769362b-ea8c-4d85-87ff-a24724277a31 | single |
The most common cause of a pleural effusion is | The most common cause of pleural effusion is left ventricular failure. Pleural effusions occur in hea failure when there are increased hydrostatic forces increasing the pulmonary interstitial fluid and the lymphatic drainage is inadequate to remove the fluid.Right-sided effusions are more common than left-sided effusio... | 2 | Cirrhosis | Left ventricular failure | Pulmonary embolism | Pneumonia | Microbiology | All India exam | 106d53c8-ff8d-4e36-8ddd-b945d34f3de4 | single |
M/c cause of chronic laryngeal stenosis ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Trauma Laryngeal stenosis (LS) is a congenital or acquired narrowing of the larynx causing airway compromise. The acquired causes may be due to endotracheal intubation, trauma, burns, inflammation, neoplasms, autoimmune disorders and collagen vascular disease. | 1 | Trauma | TB | Wegeners | Tumor | ENT | null | 7b48008c-80f5-4d6b-be71-0abe857dc31c | single |
Child knows his/her sex at the age of: | A child knows her full name and gender by the age of 3 years. | 2 | 1 year | 3 years | 5 years | 7 years | Pediatrics | Social and Language Milestones | b4814935-96ed-49a2-9b76-0072069b8292 | single |
Early stage of trauma is characterized by | Injury Phase (Phase of catabolism):-- Begins at the time of injury and lasts for 2-5 days-- Phase of hypermetabolism-- Stress hormones (coisol, catecholamines and glucagon) and volume control hormones (renin-angiotensin, aldosterone and ADH) are increased. This leads to proteolysis, lipolysis, hyperglycemia and wound h... | 1 | Catabolism | Anabolism | Glycogenesis | Lipolysis | Surgery | Trauma | 4ee59051-7c07-46df-ab93-49ca6d608e76 | single |
Example for Denticulate suture | Types of sutures:Plane: Internasal sutureSerrate: Coronal sutureDenticulate: Lambdoid sutureSquamous: Parieto-Temporal sutureReference: Chourasia; 6th Edition; 4th page | 3 | Internasal suture | Coronal suture | Lambdoid suture | Parietotemporal suture | Anatomy | General anatomy | 4456e5b2-9887-434f-8f27-e0f5e9a330de | single |
A 29-year-old female diagnosed with AIDS has been suffering from a progressive blurring of vision in her right eye. On funduscopic examination, a small white opaque lesion is noted on the retina of her right eye. Which of the following is the most appropriate therapy for this patient? | This patient is most likely suffering from cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. The best drug treatment for this infection is ganciclovir. Acyclovir is not effective in CMV infections. It is used more for HSV type 1 and 2 infections. Amantadine is used either therapeutically or prophylactically for the influenza A virus. F... | 4 | Acyclovir | Amantadine | Flucytosine | Ganciclovir | Microbiology | null | 432865e6-cbb2-40ed-9a93-84760fe5da35 | multi |
Denominator of MMR if MMR is expressed as 167 is:- | Ans. is 'a' i.e. 1000 live births It's a ratio: Denominator is Per 100000 live births. It will be rate : if the denominator is reproductive women. But still some books write it as rate. But in Park it's clearly differentiated. The data we express MMR as 167 is a ratio. | 1 | Per 100000 live births | Per 1000 total birth | Per 10000 total birth | Total number of women of reproductive age group in the population | Social & Preventive Medicine | Obstetrics | 458239ed-e5e5-4f12-bc31-848ac81d2fd3 | single |
Kamli Rath 75 yrs old woman present with post-myocardial infarction after 6 weeks with mild CHF. There was past H/O neck surgery for parathyroid adenoma 5 years ago, EKG shows slow atrial fibrillation. Serum Ca+2 13.0 mg/L and urinary Ca2+ is 300 mg/ 24 hr. On examination, there is small mass in the Para tracheal posi... | This patient operated previously for parathyroid adenoma, is having recurrent hyperparathyroidism.
In the setting of recent myocardial infarction, CHF and atrial fibrillation, any operation carries a high risk. Furthermore, an operation on a previously operated neck is quite difficult.
Alcohol ablation of the mass with... | 4 | Repeat neck surgery | Treatment with technetium - 99 | Observation and repeat serum Ca+2 in two months | Ultrasound-guided alcohol injection of the mass | Surgery | null | bf199fef-d8ed-48de-b510-837e5dc8cadf | multi |
Polyariticular rheumatoid ahritis is diagnosed when more than............. Joints are involved | The initial pattern of disturbution of joint involvement may be monoaicular,oligoaicular(less than 4 joints),or Polyariticular (,greater than 5 joints ) usually on a symmetric distribution Ref, :Robbins page no 1209 8th edition | 4 | One | Two | Four | Five | Anatomy | Musculoskeletal system | 3858506b-a4de-4902-8dd4-7dbcb6229dbf | single |
A 56-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer that was treated 5 years ago with lumpectomy and radiation but with no chemotherapy returns with bone pain, fatigue, and weakness. A complete blood count reveals severe anemia, as well as decreased white blood cells and platelets. Examination of a peripheral blood sme... | - Infiltration of tumor cells from cancers, those of breast & prostate - displaces bone marrow elements, thereby causing myelophthisic anemia. OTHER OPTIONS: - Chloramphenicol causes aplastic anemia in some individuals. - Diphyllobothrium latum infestation can result in megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficienc... | 4 | chloramphenicol. | Diphyllobothrium latum infestation. | megaloblastic anemia. | myelophthisic anemia. | Pathology | Hematopoeisis: Basic concepts | 54b334c8-07f4-47ea-a320-12eb9f201180 | multi |
Which is the first permanent tooth to erupt ? | First and the last tooth to erupt in permanent dentition is Molars. | 2 | Canine | Molar | Incisors | Premolar | Forensic Medicine | null | 9dd4a0f1-3e68-48f5-8ea3-9c96505ef8c2 | single |
The limit of loudness (expressed as decibels) that workers can tolerate without substantial damage to their hearing, during their work hours, is: | A noise of 90 dB (A) SPL, 8 hours a day for 5 days per week is the maximum safe limit as recommended by Ministry of Labour, Govt. of India-Model rules under Factories act Noise induced hearing loss Hearing loss can result from damage to structures or nerve fibers in the inner ear that respond to sound. This type of hea... | 4 | 55 | 65 | 75 | 85 | ENT | null | 479cc91e-7fda-48cc-a5f0-8607756a620a | single |
Among the following the least common cause of acute upper GI bleeding is? | Source of bleeding Propoion of patients, % Ulcers 31-67 Varices 6-39 Mallory Weiss tears 2-8 Gastroduodenal erosions 2-18 Erosive esophagitis 1-13 Neoplasm 2-8 Vascular ectasia 0-6 No source identified 5-15 | 4 | Mallory Weiss tear | Ulcer | Varices | Vascular ectasia | Medicine | Bleeding from the GUT and diseases of esophagus | ea7ba72f-8a5b-4e72-9086-6543d51173f4 | multi |
HHV-6B causes - | HHV 6B is the cause of mild but common childhood illness exanthem subitum. In older age groups ,it has been associated with infectious mononucleosis syndrome,focal encephalitis and in the immunodeficient,with pneumonia and disseminated disease. REF:ANATHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 8TH EDITION PAGE N... | 4 | Carcinoma cervix | Carcinoma endometrium | Clear cell carcinoma | Focal encephalitis | Microbiology | Virology | 0f277307-23ec-4f1b-aca5-eac0765a3fa5 | single |
Anatomical structure injured in excision of ranula - | null | 3 | Lingual vein | Lingual artery | Submandibular duct | Parotid duct | Surgery | null | 79abf7b1-69e7-4fcc-a952-763a6661ba44 | single |
Which of the following findings is suggestive that ovulation has taken place? | Endometrial biopsy Early secretory Subnuclear vacuolation (Ist HPE evidence of progesterone secretion) Seen on D16 of cycle Nuclei of glands gone up Stromal edema Late secretory Toous/ coiled glands All secretions in lumen of gland Cork screw glands( on D20 of cycle) Max stromal edema seen around D22of cycle) HPE of Pr... | 3 | Pseudostratification in endometrium | Presence of Spinnbarkeit Phenomenon in cervical mucous | Sudden reduction in size of follicle and free fluid in Pouch of Douglas on USG | Trilamilar endometrium on USG | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Tests of Ovulation | c82ed37e-c89d-416e-8cbc-6c57c8fe1968 | single |
Sedative with GABA facilitating action but without anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant propeies and no effect on sleep ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Zolpidem Among the given options, three are sedative-hypnotic with GABA facilitatory action - Diazepam (a benzodiazepine) - But it also has anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant propey. it) Phenobarbitone - But it has anticonvulsant propey. Zolpidem Has no anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant propey and ha... | 2 | Diazepam | Zolpidem | Phenobarbitone | Buspirone | Pharmacology | null | b47511f8-1071-4c03-bb03-ad8f1ddbe67a | single |
First branch of Facial nerve is: | Ans. C. Greater petrosal nerveFacial nerve is the 7th cranial nerve. It is a mixed (i.e., motor and sensory) nerve, but predominantly it is motor. It is named facial nerve because it supplies the muscles of facial expression.Branchesa. Greater petrosal nerve--arises from the geniculate ganglion. It is the first branch ... | 3 | Nerve to stapedius | Chorda tympani nerve | Greater petrosal nerve | Lesser petrosal nerve | Anatomy | Head & Neck | ed92f823-56fd-4381-b2a3-a061921084ac | single |
The demographic goal of Net Reproduction Rate is equal to one (NPR=1) can be achieved only if the Couple Protection Rate exceeds | (C) 60%[?]Couple protection rate (CPR)oCouple protection rate (CPR) is an indicator of the prevalence of contraceptive practice in the community.oIt is defined as the per cent of eligible couples effectively protected against childbirth by one or the other approved methods of family planning, viz. sterilization, IUD, c... | 3 | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | Social & Preventive Medicine | Demography and Family Planning | 3b7b57b8-3c7d-4020-ac31-7020d9bc40e3 | single |
Paraneoplastic syndrome associated with RCC are all of the following, except: | RCC is associated with wide range of paraneoplastic syndromes, ? Erythrocytosis (polycythemia ? Hypercalcemia ? Hypeension ? Non metastatic hepatic dysfunction Cushing syndrome is rarely seen in RCC. Ref: Emil A. Tanagho, Jack W. McAninch, (2004), Chapter 21, "Renal paranchymal neoplasm", In the book, "Smith's General ... | 4 | Polycythemia | Hypercalcemia | Hypeension | Cushing syndrome | Pathology | null | 66953b23-4e19-43a9-9e9f-a04197e66001 | multi |
Red flag sign in child development if not attained by __________ | Red Flags in Developmental Screening and SurveillanceThese indicators suggest that development is seriously disordered and that the child should be promptly referred to a developmental or community pediatrician. Note: Most children do not have "red flags" and thus require quality screening to detect any problems. POSIT... | 4 | No single word at 18 month | Not able sit with unsuppoed by 12 months | Not walking alone by 18 month in boys | All of the above | Pediatrics | Growth and development | 8288456d-7f27-427a-9284-d9751fa73ca8 | multi |
Michaelis Menten Hypothesis states that | Michaelis-Menten Theory (Enzyme-Substrate Complex Theory)
Enzyme combines with a substrate to form a transient Enzyme-Substrate Complex which immediately break into Enzyme and products. | 4 | Rate of enzymatic reaction is independent of substrate concentration | Rate of non enzymatic reaction is proportional to substrate concentration | Km is the enzyme substrate complex association constant | Enzyme substrate complex formation is essential in enzymatic reaction. | Biochemistry | null | 79a81298-e728-4081-b2b5-be965d210d7d | single |
Function of Ig A is - | Question repeated | 1 | Acts as a mucosal barrier for infection | Circulating antibody | Kills virus infected cells | Activates macrophages | Microbiology | Immunology | d0c98786-10d6-447a-967d-5c49376dd1d7 | single |
Glycolytic enzymes(s) inhibited by Fluoride: | Inhibitors of Glycolysis: Inhibitors of Glycolysis Enzyme Inhibited Iodoacetate Glyceraldehyde - 3 - P Dehydrogenase Arsenate Glyceraldehye - 3 - P Dehydrogenase Sodium fluoride Enolase Oxamate Lactate Dehydrogenase | 3 | Hexokinase | Aldolase | Enolase | Pyruvate kinase | Biochemistry | Glycolysis | 77db5401-a696-42c9-bbf6-136649ebe489 | single |
A patient is to undergo angiography for unstable angina. His routine evaluation revealed his serum creatinine to be elevated. All of the following can be used to prevent contrast nephropathy, EXCEPT: | Strategies for the Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: Strategies that do not work: Mannitol Furosemide Dopamine Atrial natriuretic factor Fenoldopam Hemodialysis Strategies that may work: Calcium channel blockers Theophylline N-Acetylcysteine Hemofiltration Sodium bicarbonate Ascorbic acid Iso-osmolar contrast... | 2 | Haemofiltration | Fenoldopam | N-acetylcysteine | 1/2 N saline | Radiology | null | a2a4182e-7356-4270-88e8-40626e40a414 | multi |
A lady wants LASIK surgery for her daughter. She asks for your opinion. All the following things are suitable for performing LASIK surgery except – | Patient selection criteria for LASIK
Patients above 20 years of age
Stable refraction for at least 12 months
Motivated patients
Myopia up to -12D
The absence of corneal pathology
Corneal thickness > 500 m
Contraindications of LASIK
Monocular patient
Infections eg: conjunctivitis
Glaucoma
Autoimmune disease
Thin cor... | 2 | Myopia of 4 Diopters | Age of 15 years | Stable refraction for 1 year | Corneal thickness of 600 microns | Ophthalmology | null | 43044984-b711-4102-87e9-2a6b578e2699 | multi |
Cardiac index is the ratio of? | Cardiac index is the cardiac output corrected for the individual's size. For example, the cardiac output of a 50-kg woman will be significantly lower than that of a 90-kg man. It has been found, however, that cardiac output correlates better with body surface area than with body weight. Therefore, it is common to expre... | 2 | Cardiac output and body weight | Cardiac output and surface area | Cardiac output and work of hea | Surface volume and surface area | Physiology | null | ffc2ba0a-f6c2-43fa-8000-cdc6ba408267 | single |
Carcinoma cervix involving upper 2/3rd of vagina. The stage would be: September 2009 | Ans. A: Stage II a | 1 | Stage II a | Stage II b | Stage III a | Stage III b | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | c93bf9ab-61b8-41a4-91c8-1b6e6a5303d5 | single |
An 18-year-old pregnant woman receives no prenatal care, eats a diet containing mostly carbohydrates and fats, and does not take prenatal vitamins with iron. She feels increasingly tired and weak during the third trimester. The infant is born at 35 weeks' gestation and is listless during the first week of life. Laborat... | Iron deficiency, which gives rise to microcytic anemia, is common in women of reproductive age because of menstrual blood loss and in children with a poor diet. During pregnancy, women have greatly increased iron needs. Low serum ferritin is indicative of iron deficiency. Dermatitis can be seen in pellagra (niacin defi... | 3 | Dermatitis | Diffuse goiter | Microcytic anemia | Peripheral neuropathy | Pathology | Environment & Nutritional Pathology | a5b933d5-3c15-4e19-8d5f-5c814440c9f0 | multi |
Not a cause of Roth spots? | Roth spots Round retinal hemorrhages with white centers Seen in : Infective endocarditis SLE Serum sickness Polyaeritis nodosa Severe anemia Leukemia Prolonged anesthesia | 4 | Leukemia | Severe anemia | SLE | Hypersensitivity pneumonitis | Medicine | Rheumatic Hea disease & infective endocarditis | 4f4ac24a-6f3a-4adc-a347-2fde996cae72 | single |
Which of the following is not true about the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., It has GABA mimetic action Mechanism of action of benzodiazepines (BZDs)* Muscle relaxation is produced by action on medulla.* Ataxia is due to action on cerebellum.* BZDs acts on GABAA receptors.* GABAa receptor has 5 subunits a / b, b, a / g.* GABA binding site is on b. subunit, while BZDs binding s... | 4 | Acts on mid brain, ascending reticular formation and limbic system | It exerts effects through the GABA A receptors | It increases conductance of Cl- channels | It has GABA mimetic action | Pharmacology | C.N.S | dc3d07b8-2ade-4e3a-a868-5367d7bcf067 | multi |
Following are the findings in sickle cell Anemia, except - | Splenomegaly is found in the early stage of sickle cell anemia. By continued infarction and hypoxia leads to progressive scarring and shrinkage of the spleen, so that by adolescent or the adulthood, only a small nubbin of fibrous tissue may be left; this is called autosplenectomy.
Bone changes in sickle cell anemia are... | 3 | Fish vertebra | Enlarged heart | Splenomegaly usually seen | Leukocytosis | Pathology | null | d28eda9d-c7c7-4a84-80b1-6a57e3d3661b | multi |
Which of the following conditions does not have a National Screening/Control Programme? | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Dental caries o No National programme for oral health is under implementation. About other options o There is Pilot Programme for prevention & control of DM. CVD and deafness. o The National Programme for control of blindness includes screening for refractive errors. o Cervical cancer screening program... | 2 | Diabetes Mellitus | Dental caries | Refractive errors | Carcinoma cervix | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | fce245e5-d5db-4965-8c3c-cb0f4141ffe3 | single |
Which of the following contains sulphur? | Ans: b (Insulin) Ref: Harper, 25th ed, p. 347,115Insulin is a polypeptide consisting of two chains linked by two inter chain di sulphide bridges.Amino acids required for special products:> Creatine - glycine + arginine+ methionine> Glutathione - glycine + cysteine + glutamate> Purine - glycine + aspartate + glutamine +... | 2 | Creatine | Insulin | Inulin | Creatinine | Biochemistry | Proteins and Amino Acids | faf871b0-801d-4561-84c8-0a20b3aeac7e | single |
Which one of the following is the management of pancreatic abscess - | null | 3 | Needle aspiration | Gastro-cytostomy | External drainage | Jejuno-cystostomy | Surgery | null | 44385d4e-be54-4e51-9011-f6fc395c7784 | single |
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is done in all except | null | 4 | ca breast | ca penis | malignant melanoma | ca colon | Surgery | null | 0c4b30b7-5c22-429c-a5ab-05074aeb5dac | multi |
During pregnancy the maternal blood volume increases by nearly : | Ans. is c i.e. 50% Friends, we have dealt with hemodynamic changes during pregnancy in detail earlier but here lets quickly revise a few changes asked quite often. Most impoant physiological changes during pregnancy (for 11th hour revision) Net weight gain in pregnancy is 11 kg (24 lb).deg Blood volume T's by 40-50%.de... | 3 | 5 - 10% | 15 -- 20% | 50% | 70% | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 2c8b4eb9-743d-4d34-afa8-bac38347065d | single |
Side effect of MgSo4 used in the treatment of eclampsia is | Complications : Pulmonary edema Anuria Hea failure Hyperpyrexia Psychosis Ref: Dutta Obs 9e pg 222. | 4 | Hypotension | Polyuria | Coma | Pulmonary edema | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Medical, surgical and gynaecological illness complicating pregnancy | 6ea437a5-7dd2-4909-85f8-c94745c3c296 | single |
True about Ischiorectal fossa Boundaries | Ans. (a) Anterior border is formed by inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm.Ref: IB singh Anatomy 2nd ed. / fig. 25.12ANTERIOR* Fascia of Colles covering the Transversus perinea superficialis* Inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragmPOSTERIOR* Gluteus maximus* Sacrotuberous ligamentLATERAL MEDIAL* Levator ani* Sph... | 1 | Anterior border is formed by inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm. | Superior border is formed by Gluteus Maximus | Lateral border is formed by Levator Ani | Posterior border is formed by obturator internus muscle. | Surgery | Rectum | 8cf31e07-9e63-4edd-ac3c-e4179774fea1 | multi |
Hypehyroidism will present as all, except : | Hypehyroid symptoms include heat intolerance, increased sweating and thirst, and weight loss despite adequate caloric intake. Symptoms of increased adrenergic stimulation include palpitations, nervousness, fatigue, emotional lability, hyperkinesis, and tremors. The most common GI symptoms include increased frequency of... | 1 | Hypotension | Atrial fibrillation | Tremor | Panic attacks | Surgery | null | c32d489e-460b-4e30-a793-52cc30363063 | multi |
A patient presents in the causality with history of abdominal pain. On examination the person is in shock, with severe abdominal tenderness and guarding. There was also one episode of bloody diarrhoea. He gives a history of recurrent abdominal pain soon after taking food which persists for about 3 hours after food. He ... | The person has had recurrent episodes of abdominal angina as shown by the pain after food intake. He also has a history of MI which also suggests that he has atherosclerosis. The bloody diarrhoea is again suggestive of mesenteric vascular occlusion in this patient. Ref: Manipal Millennium Edition, Page 429; S.Das, Edit... | 1 | Acute thrombotic mesenteric vascular occlusion | Acute pancreatitis | Acute duodenal ulcer perforation | Acute appendicitis | Surgery | null | 512ce60e-6c09-417d-91b3-e1d2f0d539b6 | single |
Fick principle of calculation of cardiac output doesn't depend on- | Based on Fick principle | 3 | Whole body oxygen consumption | Oxygen content of arterial blood | Stroke volume | Oxygen content of venous blood | Physiology | null | 31eb4e7f-b538-4d8d-9bfb-82533c0f311a | single |
Example of type 4 hypersensitivity is: | Ans. b. Granulomatous reaction | 2 | Serum sickness | Granulomatous reaction | Schwazman reaction | Ahus reaction | Microbiology | null | 55848125-05f7-43c4-8dba-74307c7c7964 | single |
A boy presented with prolonged jaundice, constipation and umbilical hernia. what is the probable diagnosis? | Prolonged jaundice, constipation, Umbilical hernia are all seen in congenital hypothyroidism. | 3 | Growth hormone deficiency | Kernicterus | Congenital hypothyroidism | Congenital adrenal hyperplasia | Pediatrics | null | ea048cfb-76c4-4754-a0c7-9aedc52664c2 | single |
Osteosarcoma can arise from: | Ans. c (Metaphysis). (Ref. to Radiology Review Manual, 5th/138; Essential orthopedics by Maheshwari 2nd/218)OSTEOSARCOMA* It is 2nd most common 1deg malignant tumor of bone (after multiple myeloma). Peak incidence in menl0-20 years of age. * It has bimodal age distribution: 10-25 years and > 60 years with M:F = 3:2 to ... | 3 | Diaphysis | Epiphysis | Metaphysis | All of the above | Orthopaedics | Bone Tumour | b5aaeee7-5be6-46c8-b25f-62124b9313d9 | multi |
Episodic hypeension is a feature of | Classic triad: Headache + Diaphoresis+ Palpitation | 3 | Carcinoid tumor | Insulinoma | Pheochromocytoma | Zollinger-Ellison syndrome | Physiology | All India exam | 5a2a4115-f381-4d10-a3ab-9ca6da93e27f | single |
Acantholysis is: | Ans. (b) Separation of keratinocytesRef: Harrison 19th ed. / 370* Keratinocytes are connected to one another by intracellular desmosomal bridges.* If there is loss of these desmosomal bridges, it will lead to separation of keratinocytes and the condition is known as acantholysis.* If separation continues, there will be... | 2 | Lysis of basale cell layer | Separation of keratinocytes | Thickening of granular layer | Thickening of corneum layer | Skin | General | 81fbc82a-d070-4b72-a17a-a87b947c848a | single |
High risk of malignancy is seen in? | Answer is option3, complex hyperplasia with atypia Endometrial hyperplasia with atypia is the least common type of hyperplasia, but is the type most likely to progress to type 1 endometrial carcinoma (1-3) which accounts for 97% of uterine cancers, whereas simple hyperplasia rarely progresses to carcinoma. > | 3 | Simple hyperplasia with atypia | Simple hyperplasia without atypia | Complex hyperplasia with atypia | Complex hyperplasia without atypia | Pathology | General pathology | 565bc834-8a9d-497d-b30b-a72798a5265d | single |
The Millennium Development Goals (MUG) is to be achieved by the year - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 2015 | 2 | 2010 | 2015 | 2020 | 2030 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 1ae6bb17-5bc8-4c67-bac0-0a965653968e | single |
Systemic causes of epistaxis are all except: | Hemophilia is secondary cause of epistaxis in children. Ref.Scott Brown 7/e,vol 2,p 1605 | 4 | Hypeension | Anticoagulant treatment | Hereditary telangietasia | Hemophilia | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses | 6fdacf93-d4c2-4666-8e45-a524e8ac38db | multi |
Which of the following situations will lead to increased viscosity of blood: | C i.e. Multiple myeloma | 3 | Fasting state | Hypoglycemia | Multiple myeloma | Amyloidogenesis | Medicine | null | 709dc647-846a-453f-9d73-31d9522220d6 | single |
A person is being treated for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1. He developed hyperiglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. Most likely drug implicated for these adverse effects is | Ritonavir is a protease inhibitor and can cause hyperiglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. All protease inhibitors are metabolized by liver and all can cause metabolic abnormalities including hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance and altered fat istribution (lipodystrophy). Ataza... | 1 | Ritonavir | Raltegravir | Tenofovir | Eirenz | Pharmacology | Anti-HIV Drugs | ddf0d9e7-c8d4-4500-89ce-b1ef7e0ff3e7 | single |
Ropinirole is most useful for the treatment of: | Ans. (A) Parkinson's disease(Ref: KDT 8/e p457)Ropinirole is a non-ergot dopamine agonist useful for Parkinsonism. It is also used these days for restless leg syndrome. | 1 | Parkinson's disease | Wilson's disease | Hoffmann syndrome | Carpal tunnel syndrome | Pharmacology | C.N.S | c4caf996-8488-4544-8b77-cb583fb76e2e | single |
Which of the following helminths primarily produces gastrointestinal symptoms, without lung involvement, during the course of its infection? | Trichuris humans acquire the infection by eating foods contaminated with infective eggs. Once eggs are swallowed, the larvae hatch in the small intestine, where they mature and migrate to the colon. Trichuris infections with a low worm burden are usually asymptomatic, but infections of moderate to heavy worm loads pres... | 3 | Dirofilaria immitis | Strongyloides stercoralis | Trichuris trichiura | Ascaris lumbricoides | Microbiology | All India exam | e8ab8c32-a9b6-4c3d-8ef1-012831dea02d | single |
In solitary thyroid nodule true is/are : | Ans. is 'd' i.e. Common in female A solitary thyroid nodule is a palpably discrete swelling within an otherwise apparently normal thyroid gland. Ceain imp. points about solitary thyroid nodules : STN are more common in women than in men The incidence of STN increases with age Solitary nodules, in general, are more like... | 4 | THR-Ab | Lined by columnar epithelium | Diffuse hyperplasia of thyroid | Common in female | Surgery | null | 5b59a952-dfae-494b-a52a-2a60aa937de3 | multi |
Indications of celiotomy in blunt trauma: | Ans is C (Peritoneal air on imaging) Most spleen and liver injuries are managed non-operatively, if the patient is hemodynamically stable. | 3 | Grade I spleen damage | Grade II liver damage | Peritoneal air on imaging | All | Surgery | null | 1081fe83-1f89-42f1-879c-592702c57f9c | multi |
Two most impoant tests to be done in a comatose patient with blood glucose of 750 mg/dl will be - | Comatose patients with blood glucose level of 750 mg/dl suggests the possibility of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state . Lab abnormality in this is marked hyperglycemia, hyperosmolarity, prerenal azotemia. Comatose patients with hyperglycemia is also seen in diabetic ketoacidosis. Thus blood ph ( to detect acidosis) and ... | 1 | Sr. creatinine | Sr. sodium | CSF examination | Blood pH | Medicine | Endocrinology | cb5d35ed-508b-48e1-934d-580e070e7330 | single |
A different sequence of amino acids having a similar structure of proteins is an example of | Divergence and convergence are two evolutionary processes by which organisms become adapted to their environments.
Convergence has been defined as the acquisition of morphologically similar traits between distinctly unrelated
organisms.
Convergence occurs at every level of biological organization.
Functional Convergen... | 2 | Divergence | Convergence | Opportunistic | Incidental | Biochemistry | null | 79fa4140-1f33-4167-a30b-7d6b1496c217 | single |
Shelf life of Platelets is | Shelf life of Platelets is < 5 days Cryoprecipitate is 2 years. | 1 | < 5 days | < 3 weeks | < 5 weeks | < 2 years | Medicine | null | f36fe1fd-bdae-4329-9ff2-8b96d7c92949 | single |
Phenomenon called anticipation is seen in? | Instablity of triplet repeats can lead to gradual expansion from generation to generation,a phenomenon called anticipation,Genetic anticipation is characterized by the reduction in the age of disease onset by successive genarations. | 3 | Mitochondrial inheritance | x - linked dominant disorders | Trinucleotide repeat expansion | Genomic imprinting | Pathology | null | 2e67b5ca-2efe-432a-adec-6a21881c3bf3 | multi |
Lung is characteristically involved in - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Churg-Strauss syndromeChurg- strauss syndrome o Also known as allergic granulomatosis and angitis.o It is a medium and small size vasculitis, invoves mainly the blood vessels of lungs, GIT, peripheral nerves, hea, skin, kidney.o As it is allergic, vasculitis it is associated with eosinophilia and asth... | 1 | Churg-Strauss syndrome | HSP | PAN | ITP | Pathology | null | 41fffdb3-b7e1-4799-8baf-930e25362745 | multi |
Which of the following drugs is used for narcoanalysis - | Scopolamine is used as truth serum. Drugs commonly used in narcoanalysis are 1. Thiopentone sodium (Sodium pentothal) 2. Scopolamine hydrobromide 3. Sodium secnol 4. Benzodiazepines REF;THE SYNOPSIS OF FORENSIC MEDICINE:KS NARAYANA REDDY;28th EDITION | 3 | Atropine | Phenobarbitone | Scopolamine | Pethidine | Forensic Medicine | Poisoning | f73c5da1-ab29-4ca8-b670-268e8a9f2645 | single |
Commonest organism giving rise to urinary tract infection - | • Most UTIs are caused by a single bacterial species.
• At least 80% of the uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis are due to E. coli, with most of pathogenic strains belonging to the O serogroups.
• Other less common uropathogens include Klebsiella, Proteus, and Enterobacter spp. and enterococci.
• In hospital acqu... | 1 | E. coli | Proteus | Staphylococcus | Streptococcus | Surgery | null | ebd2773c-d81f-488e-b1d6-b8d4e5ba2ad3 | single |
Carbamide solution used for bleaching degrades into | null | 3 | 0.3% sodium perborate | 30% hydrogen peroxide | 3% hydrogen peroxide | 30% sodium perborate | Dental | null | 38a3e1b8-705c-47cb-961b-8908e9d88503 | single |
Mechanism of action of sildenafil is | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Inhibits PDE 5 * Sildenafil (Viagra) acts to increase cGMP by inhibiting its breakdown by phosphodiesterase isoform 5 (PDE-5). | 3 | Inhibits PDE 2 | Inhibits PDE 4 | Inhibits PDE 5 | Inhibits PDE 3 | Pharmacology | Miscellaneous (Pharmacology) | 13002cb8-942b-42bd-98b0-a85886c94c07 | single |
Intercourse can be cumbersome, annoying & also 'Noisy' with the use of which of the following : | Disadvantages of female condoms: 1. Intercourse is noisy, and slippage occurs in about one in 5-10 uses; however, female condom rarely breaks. 2. Occasionally the penis is introduced, by mistake, outside the female condom, which may lead to pregnancy and STDs including HIV. 3. It is an expensive method. | 2 | Male condom | Female condom | IUCD | Vaginal ring | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Contraceptives | f4b84482-f856-4ea3-b60f-8a121ff1a49d | single |
Which virus given below is not a teratogenic virus ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Measles Many viruses can be transmitted to the fetus and cause infection and tissure damage. Five viruses are known to be teratogenic in humans: cytomegalovirus, rubella, herpes simplex, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, and varicella viruses. | 4 | Rubella | Cytomegalovirus | Herpes simplex | Measles | Microbiology | null | 3ab18fa0-d119-46e1-a38d-7888f854b14c | single |
Vector for T.cruzi is - | T.cruzi passes its life cycle I two host Definitive host- humans Intermediate host-triatomine bugs Humans become infectious when reduviid bug bites and the infected faecal matter is discharged near bite wound (refer pgno:49 baveja 3 rd edition) | 1 | Reduvid bug | Tsetse fly | Sand fly | Hard tick | Microbiology | parasitology | dc0cd454-82f0-4b0d-82a2-70190cc41ea1 | single |
Which of the following is most commonly involved in Hypersensitivity vasculitis: | Answer is C (Post-capillary venules): Post-capillary venules are most commonly involved in Hypersensitivity vasculitis Hypersensitivity vasculitis Hypersensitivity vasculitis refers to small vessel vasculitis that is restricted to the skin and not associated with any other form of primary or secondary vasculitis. Impli... | 3 | Capillaries | Aerioles | Post-capillary venules | Medium sized aeries | Medicine | null | d08aa898-c9f8-421e-96cc-cd3272a9b5b9 | single |
Hallmarks of the hemophilia is | (Hemarthroses): Ref: 326-G, 1657-Nelson 17th (321-Ghai 7th)Hemophilia - X-1 inked recessive, The females carries the hemophilia trait but only male offspring suffers from the disease.Clinical features - Bleeding following tooth extraction, severe trauma or following surgery muscle hematoma, and bleeding in joints.* Pro... | 2 | Epistaxis | Hemarthrosis | Abdominal pain | Anaemia | Pediatrics | Blood | 8865278a-5360-4e66-b4dc-4d6013826241 | multi |
For central venous pressure monitoring all are true except | Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in 4-12 mmHg normally. | 3 | Internal jugular vein is preferred site | Indicated to administer hyperosmolar drugs | Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure normally is 10-20 mmHg | Swan- ganz catheter entering pulmonary artery shows as dicrotic notch. | Anaesthesia | null | e0b946d9-d756-4716-8c87-c558792dd281 | multi |
Cranial end of Wolffian duct forms: | Ans: A (Epoophoron) Ref: Grays Anatomy 40th EdExplanation:Embryology of Reproductive SystemGonadMALES (Testis)FEMALES (Ovary)Gubernacular cord Mesonephros (Wolffian body)Gubernaculum testisOvarian and round ligamentsAppendix of epididymis (?)Appendices vesiculosae (?)Efferent ductulesEooophoronLobules of epididymis Par... | 1 | Epoophoron | Paraepoophoron | Gartner cyst | Bartholin cyst | Unknown | null | 30f2f606-5278-45a2-9cf9-686ce1585e72 | single |
A 60-year old male presents with progressive difficulty in swallowing, vomiting and occasional regurgitation for the past 3 months. Barium studied showed marked dilatation of the upper esophagus with narrowing of the lower segment. Manometry showed absent esophageal peristalsis. This patient needs to have - | The most common cause of narrowing of the esophagus, or stricture, is scarring of the esophagus from reflux of stomach acid occurring in patients with heaburn. Patients with a narrowed poion of the esophagus often have trouble swallowing; food feels like it is "stuck" in the chest region, causing discomfo or pain. Less... | 1 | Ballon dilatation | Endoscopic banding | Sclerotherapy | Proton pump inhibitor | Medicine | G.I.T | a41e53bd-4ce6-4877-85ef-5ab8c27af288 | multi |
Regarding ranula, all are true except - | A ranula is a mucous retention cyst which arises from sublingual salivary gland and presents as fluctuant swelling with a bluish translucent colour.
Types of Ranula
Ranula may be of two types : -
1)Simple : - Situated in the floor of mouth without any cervical prolongation.
2)Deep/plunging : - Ranula with a cervical... | 2 | Retention cyst | Arises from submandibular gland | Translucent | Plunging may be a feature | ENT | null | b585feb4-9615-481a-bef2-fce2f9d5ea98 | multi |
Thinnest labial plate is found in the region of: | null | 2 | Upper central incisors | Lower central incisors | Upper canines | Lower canines | Dental | null | 46f20a2a-755e-4562-bda4-cd3fd0c6731c | single |
If thiopentone is injected accidently into an aery the first symptom is | D i.e. Pain | 4 | Analgesia | Paralysis | Skin ulceration | Pain | Anaesthesia | null | 86799b51-64da-4c55-a02f-ab32d1504ec0 | single |
40 years old male patient came with complaint of dry cough and dyspnoea. On lung function tests, restrictive pattern of decreases lung function is seen. Chest x-ray showed few reticular opacities in bilateral lung. HRCT of lung was performed which shows GGO in bilateral lung fields sparing sub-pleural region. Most prob... | Interstitial Lung Disease UIP (Usual interstitial pneumonia) NSIP (Non - specific interstitial pneumonia) Reticular opacities Traction bronchiectasis Subpleural honeycombing Subpleural sparing | 2 | UIP | NSIP | Hypersensitivity pneumonitis | Respiratory bronchiolitis | Radiology | Radiology Q Bank | 68c63050-83c0-4669-8c29-9637d4061726 | single |
Malignant gastric ulcers are characterized by all except | In malignant ulcers mucosal rugae stop far of the ulcers whereas in benign ulcers mucosal rugae projects outwards front the margins of the ulcer | 1 | ulcer extends beyond the gastric wall. | Mucosal rugae stop far of ulcers | Eccentric crater | Margins are raised | Pathology | null | 59faef49-7dda-434f-89be-2d9a2e4138cd | multi |
The measure of strength of association between risk factor and outcome is: | It is a measure of the strength of association between risk factor and outcome.
The derivation of the Odds ratio is based on three assumptions:
a) The disease being investigated must be relatively rare. In fact, the majority of chronic diseases have a low incidence in the general population.
b) The cases must be rep... | 1 | Odds ratio | Attributable risk | Relative risk | Poisson's ratio | Dental | null | 6105a32b-f642-4b65-bf6c-4847310d065b | single |
The following affect enzyme activity except | Regulation of Enzymes
Can be classified as:
Regulation of Enzyme Quality (Intrinsic Catalytic Efficiency)
• Allosteric Regulation
• Covalent modification.
Covalent modification
• Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation
• Methylation
• Adenylation
• ADP ribosylation
• Acetylation.
Regulation of enzyme quantity
Control of En... | 3 | Methylation | Acetylation | Induction | Phosphorylation | Biochemistry | null | 378ae4f9-5261-4def-9ae3-afe4caa39adf | multi |
Aggrecan is: | Aggrecan is a proteoglycan, also known as cailage-specific proteoglycan core protein (CSPCP) or chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 1. It is encoded by the ACAN gene. Aggrecan is an integral pa of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in cailagenous tissue and it withstands compression in cailage. | 4 | A receptor over platelets | A molecule present in osteoid tissue | Granules in leukocytes | Impoant component of cailage | Physiology | Concepts in physiology | 327a02c7-48b3-476d-99a2-628840d5d751 | single |
Feature of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy:a) Postdatismb) Hydramniosc) Neonatal hyperglycemiad) ↑congenital defecte) PPH | As explained in the previous question maternal hyperglycaemia leads to fetal hyperglycaemia, which in turn causes polyuria and thus causes polyhydramnios.
Polyhydramnios leads to preterm delivery and not post datism.
Excessive uterine enlargement because of polyhydramnios and macrosomia causes increased incidence of ... | 1 | bde | ade | ace | bce | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 3a17848e-5035-41d7-b828-bd717f08c03d | single |
Treatment of Mycobacteria avium complex include all except : | null | 4 | Ciprofloxacin | Clarithromycin | Rifabutin | Pyrazinamide | Pharmacology | null | dcc29e89-1737-4b7d-b358-2ebcbec9307f | multi |
Specific antibody associated with primary biliary cirrhosis is: | Ans. C: Anti-mitochondrial Primary biliary cirrhosis is strongly associated with the presence of anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA), which are diagnostic PBC: Associated with CREST syndrome, sicca syndrome, auto-immune thyroiditis, type I DM and IgA deficiency IgG AMA is detected in more than 90% of patients with PBC ... | 3 | Anti-myosin | Anti-nuclear | Anti-mitochondrial | Anti-endomysial | Medicine | null | 1ed4e42b-0cd6-4aa0-8429-59a2fe0c5edf | single |
Long acting insulin is? | ANSWER: (A) Insulin glargineREF: Pharmacology ReCap 2.0 for Bachelor of Dentistry Students by Dr. J. G. Buch page 304, Harrison s 18m ed chapter 344INSULINS:Highly purifiedmono-componentinsulinPorcine Actrapid- RegularShort actingPorcine Monotard- LenteIntermediate actingPorcine Insulatard- NPH Porcine Mixtard30% regul... | 1 | Insulin glargine | Insulin Lispro | Insulin aspart | Insulin glulisine | Pharmacology | Endocrinology | 69c8235c-e810-46f2-8a9f-23d5430f8940 | single |
Which of the following is not an alkylating agent? | 5- Fluorouracil' Repeat from AI1MS 09 | 3 | Cyclophosphamide | Busulfan | 5-Fluorouracil | Melphalan | Pharmacology | null | 4f2dd91a-9b19-4160-b450-7079c4f378cd | single |
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