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Chicken as food-Cooking-Chicken bones are hazardous to health as they tend to break into sharp splinters when eaten, but they can be simmered with vegetables and herbs for hours or even days to make chicken stock. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Chicken as food-Cooking-In Asian countries it is possible to buy bones alone as they are very popular for making chicken soups, which are said to be healthy. In Australia the rib cages and backs of chickens after the other cuts have been removed are frequently sold cheaply in supermarket delicatessen sections as either... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Chicken as food-Freezing-Raw chicken maintains its quality longer than fresh in the freezer, as moisture is lost during cooking. There is little change in nutrient value of chicken during freezer storage. For optimal quality, however, a maximum storage time in the freezer of 12 months is recommended for uncooked whole ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Phosphatidylcholine—retinol O-acyltransferase-Phosphatidylcholine—retinol O-acyltransferase-In enzymology, a phosphatidylcholine---retinol O-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.135) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction phosphatidylcholine + retinol---[cellular-retinol-binding-protein] ⇌ 2-acylglycerophosphocholine ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
ShelXle-ShelXle-The program ShelXle is a graphical user interface for the structure refinement program SHELXL. ShelXle combines an editor with syntax highlighting for the SHELXL-associated .ins (input) and .res (output) files with an interactive graphical display for visualization of a three-dimensional structure inclu... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
ShelXle-Overview-ShelXle can display electron density maps like the macromolecular program Coot but is more intended for smaller molecules. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
ShelXle-Overview-A number of excellent graphical user interfaces (GUIs) exist for small molecule crystal structure refinement with SHELX (e.g., WINGX, Olex2, XSEED, PLATON and SYSTEM-S, and the Bruker programs XP and XSHELL) ShelXle is free software, distributed under the GNU LGPL. It is available from the ShelXle webs... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
ShelXle-Overview-The Windows binary is distributed with the NSIS Installer. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
ShelXle-Features-Editor featuring syntax highlighting and code completion for the SHELX instructions.
Clicking on an atom in the structure view sets the text cursor to the line that contains this atom.
Locating atoms in structure view from the editor.
Rename mode with support of residues and disordered parts and free v... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
ShelXle-Program architecture-ShelXle uses the Qt (framework). It is written entirely in C++ and does not use any scripting language. For the refinement it calls the external binary of SHELXL which might also be SHELXH, SHELXLMP from George M. Sheldrick or XL from Bruker. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
ShelXle-SHELX-SHELX is developed by George M. Sheldrick since the late 1960s. Important releases are SHELX76 and SHELX97. It is still developed but releases are usually after ten years of testing.
Academic users can download the SHELX programs freely after registration. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glicko rating system-Glicko rating system-The Glicko rating system and Glicko-2 rating system are methods of assessing a player's strength in games of skill, such as chess and Go. The Glicko rating system was invented by Mark Glickman in 1995 as an improvement on the Elo rating system, and initially intended for the pr... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glicko rating system-Overview-Mark Glickman created the Glicko rating system in 1995 as an improvement on the Elo rating system.Both the Glicko and Glicko-2 rating systems are under public domain and have been implemented on game servers online like Pokémon Showdown, Pokémon Go, Lichess, Free Internet Chess Server, Che... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glicko rating system-Overview-The Reliability Deviation (RD) measures the accuracy of a player's rating, where the RD is equal to one standard deviation. For example, a player with a rating of 1500 and an RD of 50 has a real strength between 1400 and 1600 (two standard deviations from 1500) with 95% confidence. Twice (... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glicko rating system-Overview-The Glicko-2 rating system improves upon the Glicko rating system and further introduces the rating volatility σ. A very slightly modified version of the Glicko-2 rating system is implemented by the Australian Chess Federation. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glicko rating system-The algorithm of Glicko-Step 1: Determine ratings deviation The new Ratings Deviation ( RD ) is found using the old Ratings Deviation ( RD0 ): min 350 ) where t is the amount of time (rating periods) since the last competition and '350' is assumed to be the RD of an unrated player. If several game... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glicko rating system-The algorithm of Glicko-RDi represents the rating deviations of the individual opponents.
si represents the outcome of the individual games. A win is 1, a draw is 12 , and a loss is 0.
Step 3: Determine new ratings deviation The function of the prior RD calculation was to increase the RD appropria... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glicko rating system-Glicko-2 algorithm-Glicko-2 works in a similar way to the original Glicko algorithm, with the addition of a rating volatility σ which measures the degree of expected fluctuation in a player’s rating, based on how erratic the player's performances are. For instance, a player's rating volatility wou... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glicko rating system-Glicko-2 algorithm-Step 2: Determine new rating volatility We then need to choose a small constant τ which constrains the volatility over time, for instance 0.2 (smaller values of τ prevent dramatic rating changes after upset results). Then, for ln (σ2)τ2, we need to find the value A which sat... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glicko rating system-Glicko-2 algorithm-Step 3: Determine new ratings deviation and rating We then get the new RD ϕ′=1/1ϕ2+σ′2+1v, and new rating μ′=μ+ϕ′2∑j=1mg(ϕj){sj−E(μ,μj,ϕj)}.
These ratings and RDs are on a different scale than in the original Glicko algorithm, and would need to be converted to properly compare th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Radiometric dating-Radiometric dating, radioactive dating or radioisotope dating is a technique which is used to date materials such as rocks or carbon, in which trace radioactive impurities were selectively incorporated when they were formed. The method compares the abundance of a naturally occurrin... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Radiometric dating-Together with stratigraphic principles, radiometric dating methods are used in geochronology to establish the geologic time scale. Among the best-known techniques are radiocarbon dating, potassium–argon dating and uranium–lead dating. By allowing the establishment of geological tim... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Radiometric dating-Different methods of radiometric dating vary in the timescale over which they are accurate and the materials to which they can be applied. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Fundamentals-Radioactive decay All ordinary matter is made up of combinations of chemical elements, each with its own atomic number, indicating the number of protons in the atomic nucleus. Additionally, elements may exist in different isotopes, with each isotope of an element differing in the number ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Fundamentals-Decay constant determination The radioactive decay constant, the probability that an atom will decay per year, is the solid foundation of the common measurement of radioactivity. The accuracy and precision of the determination of an age (and a nuclide's half-life) depends on the accuracy... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Fundamentals-Accuracy of radiometric dating The basic equation of radiometric dating requires that neither the parent nuclide nor the daughter product can enter or leave the material after its formation. The possible confounding effects of contamination of parent and daughter isotopes have to be cons... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Fundamentals-Closure temperature The closure temperature or blocking temperature represents the temperature below which the mineral is a closed system for the studied isotopes. If a material that selectively rejects the daughter nuclide is heated above this temperature, any daughter nuclides that hav... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Fundamentals-The age equation The mathematical expression that relates radioactive decay to geologic time is where t is age of the sample, D* is number of atoms of the radiogenic daughter isotope in the sample, D0 is number of atoms of the daughter isotope in the original or initial composition, N(t)... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Modern dating methods-Radiometric dating has been carried out since 1905 when it was invented by Ernest Rutherford as a method by which one might determine the age of the Earth. In the century since then the techniques have been greatly improved and expanded. Dating can now be performed on samples as... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Modern dating methods-Uranium–lead dating method Uranium–lead radiometric dating involves using uranium-235 or uranium-238 to date a substance's absolute age. This scheme has been refined to the point that the error margin in dates of rocks can be as low as less than two million years in two-and-a-ha... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Modern dating methods-Samarium–neodymium dating method This involves the alpha decay of 147Sm to 143Nd with a half-life of 1.06 x 1011 years. Accuracy levels of within twenty million years in ages of two-and-a-half billion years are achievable.
Potassium–argon dating method This involves electron cap... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Modern dating methods-Rubidium–strontium dating method This is based on the beta decay of rubidium-87 to strontium-87, with a half-life of 50 billion years. This scheme is used to date old igneous and metamorphic rocks, and has also been used to date lunar samples. Closure temperatures are so high th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Modern dating methods-Uranium–thorium dating method A relatively short-range dating technique is based on the decay of uranium-234 into thorium-230, a substance with a half-life of about 80,000 years. It is accompanied by a sister process, in which uranium-235 decays into protactinium-231, which has ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Modern dating methods-Radiocarbon dating method Radiocarbon dating is also simply called carbon-14 dating. Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon, with a half-life of 5,730 years (which is very short compared with the above isotopes), and decays into nitrogen. In other radiometric dating method... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Modern dating methods-Fission track dating method This involves inspection of a polished slice of a material to determine the density of "track" markings left in it by the spontaneous fission of uranium-238 impurities. The uranium content of the sample has to be known, but that can be determined by p... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Modern dating methods-Chlorine-36 dating method Large amounts of otherwise rare 36Cl (half-life ~300ky) were produced by irradiation of seawater during atmospheric detonations of nuclear weapons between 1952 and 1958. The residence time of 36Cl in the atmosphere is about 1 week. Thus, as an event mar... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Modern dating methods-Luminescence dating methods Luminescence dating methods are not radiometric dating methods in that they do not rely on abundances of isotopes to calculate age. Instead, they are a consequence of background radiation on certain minerals. Over time, ionizing radiation is absorbed ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Modern dating methods-Other methods Other methods include: Argon–argon (Ar–Ar) Iodine–xenon (I–Xe) Lanthanum–barium (La–Ba) Lead–lead (Pb–Pb) Lutetium–hafnium (Lu–Hf) Hafnium–tungsten dating (Hf-W) Potassium–calcium (K–Ca) Rhenium–osmium (Re–Os) Uranium–uranium (U–U) Krypton–krypton (Kr–Kr) Beryllium... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Dating with decay products of short-lived extinct radionuclides-Absolute radiometric dating requires a measurable fraction of parent nucleus to remain in the sample rock. For rocks dating back to the beginning of the solar system, this requires extremely long-lived parent isotopes, making measurement... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Dating with decay products of short-lived extinct radionuclides-The 129I – 129Xe chronometer 129I beta-decays to 129Xe with a half-life of 16 million years. The iodine-xenon chronometer is an isochron technique. Samples are exposed to neutrons in a nuclear reactor. This converts the only stable isoto... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Dating with decay products of short-lived extinct radionuclides-The 26Al – 26Mg chronometer Another example of short-lived extinct radionuclide dating is the 26Al – 26Mg chronometer, which can be used to estimate the relative ages of chondrules. 26Al decays to 26Mg with a half-life of 720 000 years. ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Radiometric dating-Dating with decay products of short-lived extinct radionuclides-A terminology issue In a July 2022 paper in the journal Applied Geochemistry, the authors proposed that the terms “parent isotope" and "daughter isotope” be avoided in favor of the more descriptive "precursor isotope" and "product isotop... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Pendentive-Pendentive-In architecture, a pendentive is a constructional device permitting the placing of a circular dome over a square room or of an elliptical dome over a rectangular room. The pendentives, which are triangular segments of a sphere, taper to points at the bottom and spread at the top to establish the c... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Pendentive-Pendentive-Prior to the pendentive's development, builders used the device of corbelling or squinches in the corners of a room. Pendentives commonly occurred in Orthodox, Renaissance, and Baroque churches, with a drum with windows often inserted between the pendentives and the dome. The first experimentation... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Pendentive-Sources-Heinle, Erwin; Schlaich, Jörg (1996), Kuppeln aller Zeiten, aller Kulturen, Stuttgart, ISBN 3-421-03062-6{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Rasch, Jürgen (1985), "Die Kuppel in der römischen Architektur. Entwicklung, Formgebung, Konstruktion", Architectura, vol. 15, pp. 117–13... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strong perfect graph theorem-Strong perfect graph theorem-In graph theory, the strong perfect graph theorem is a forbidden graph characterization of the perfect graphs as being exactly the graphs that have neither odd holes (odd-length induced cycles of length at least 5) nor odd antiholes (complements of odd holes). I... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strong perfect graph theorem-Strong perfect graph theorem-The proof of the strong perfect graph theorem won for its authors a $10,000 prize offered by Gérard Cornuéjols of Carnegie Mellon University and the 2009 Fulkerson Prize. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strong perfect graph theorem-Statement-A perfect graph is a graph in which, for every induced subgraph, the size of the maximum clique equals the minimum number of colors in a coloring of the graph; perfect graphs include many well-known graph classes including the bipartite graphs, chordal graphs, and comparability gr... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strong perfect graph theorem-Statement-Berge conjectured that every Berge graph is perfect, or equivalently that the perfect graphs and the Berge graphs define the same class of graphs. This became known as the strong perfect graph conjecture, until its proof in 2002, when it was renamed the strong perfect graph theore... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strong perfect graph theorem-Relation to the weak perfect graph theorem-Another conjecture of Berge, proved in 1972 by László Lovász, is that the complement of every perfect graph is also perfect. This became known as the perfect graph theorem, or (to distinguish it from the strong perfect graph conjecture/theorem) the... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strong perfect graph theorem-Proof ideas-The proof of the strong perfect graph theorem by Chudnovsky et al. follows an outline conjectured in 2001 by Conforti, Cornuéjols, Robertson, Seymour, and Thomas, according to which every Berge graph either forms one of five types of basic building block (special classes of perf... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strong perfect graph theorem-Proof ideas-A 2-join is a partition of the vertices of a graph into two subsets, with the property that the edges spanning the cut between these two subsets form two vertex-disjoint complete bipartite graphs. When a graph has a 2-join, it may be decomposed into induced subgraphs called "blo... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strong perfect graph theorem-Proof ideas-The proof that every Berge graph falls into one of the five basic classes or has one of the four types of decomposition follows a case analysis, according to whether certain configurations exist within the graph: a "stretcher", a subgraph that can be decomposed into three induce... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-Hat-trick (cricket)-In cricket, a hat-trick occurs when a bowler takes three wickets with consecutive deliveries. The deliveries may be interrupted by an over bowled by another bowler from the other end of the pitch or the other team's innings, but must be three consecutive deliveries by the individ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-Hat-trick (cricket)-Hat-tricks are rare, and as such are treasured by bowlers.
The term is also sometimes used to mean winning the same competition three times in a row. For example, Australia winning the Cricket World Cup in 1999, 2003 and 2007, and Lancashire winning the County Championship in 192... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-Test cricket-In Test cricket history there have been just 46 hat-tricks, the first achieved by Fred Spofforth for Australia against England in 1879. In 1912, Australian Jimmy Matthews achieved the feat twice in one game against South Africa. The only other players to achieve two hat-tricks are Austr... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-Test cricket-Nuwan Zoysa of Sri Lanka is the First bowler to achieve a hat-trick with his first three balls in a Test, against Zimbabwe in 1999. Irfan Pathan of India achieved a hat-trick in the first over of a Test match against Pakistan.
Australian fast bowler Peter Siddle took a hat-trick in an A... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-One Day Internationals-In One Day International cricket there have been 50 hat-tricks, the first by Jalal-ud-Din for Pakistan against Australia in 1982, and the most recent player to achieve this feat is Wesley Madhevere of Zimbabwe against the Netherlands in March 2023.Sri Lanka's Lasith Malinga is... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-One Day Internationals-Chaminda Vaas is the only player to achieve a hat-trick with the first three deliveries in a One Day International, against Bangladesh in the tenth match of 2003 ICC World Cup at City Oval, Pietermaritzburg. He also took a fourth wicket with the fifth ball of the same over, ju... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-T20 Internationals-As of 28 July 2023, there have been 52 hat-tricks in T20Is.The first Twenty20 hat-trick was taken by Brett Lee of Australia, playing against Bangladesh in Cape Town in September 2007. Lasith Malinga is the only bowler with multiple T20I hat-tricks. His first hat-trick was achieved... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-Unusual hat-tricks-Some hat-tricks are particularly extraordinary. On 2 December 1988, Merv Hughes, playing for Australia, dismissed Curtly Ambrose with the last ball of his penultimate over and Patrick Patterson with the first ball of his next over, wrapping up the West Indies first innings. When H... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-Unusual hat-tricks-In 1844, underarm bowler William Clarke, playing for "England" against Kent, achieved a hat-trick spread over two innings, dismissing Kent batsman John Fagge twice within the hat-trick. Fagge batted at number 11 in the first innings and at number 3 in the second. This event is bel... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-More than three dismissals-The feat of taking four wickets in four balls has never occurred in Test cricket, and only once in One Day International cricket, in the 2007 World Cup, when Lasith Malinga managed the feat against South Africa. Malinga then repeated this triumph in a T20I against New Zeal... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-More than three dismissals-Five wickets in five balls was achieved by Scott Babot of Wainuiomata Cricket Club playing in the Senior 3 competition in New Zealand in 2008; it happened across two innings and separated by seven days, as the match took place on consecutive Saturdays.During Brazil's natio... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hat-trick (cricket)-Three dismissals by fielders-There are very few cases of a fielder or wicket keeper taking a hat-trick of dismissals off consecutive deliveries in first-class cricket, and none in international cricket. The first such instance is the only known hat-trick of stumpings by a wicket-keeper: W. H. Brain ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Quarterback-The quarterback (commonly abbreviated "QB"), colloquially known as the "signal caller", is a position in gridiron football. Quarterbacks are members of the offensive platoon and mostly line up directly behind the offensive line. In modern American football, the quarterback is usually considered ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Overview-In modern American football, the starting quarterback is usually the leader of the offense, and their successes and failures can have a significant impact on the fortunes of their team. Accordingly, the quarterback is among the most glorified, scrutinized, and highest-paid positions in team sports.... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Overview-Depending on the offensive scheme used by their team, the quarterback's role can vary. In systems like the triple option, the quarterback will only pass the ball a few times per game, if at all, while the pass-heavy spread offense, as run by schools like Texas Tech, requires quarterbacks to throw t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Leadership-Often compared to captains of other team sports, before the implementation of NFL team captains in 2007, the starting quarterback is usually the de facto team leader and a well-respected player on and off the field. Since 2007, when the NFL allowed teams to designate several captains to serve as ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Leadership-In the NFL, while the starting quarterback has no other responsibility or authority, they may, depending on the league or individual team, have various informal duties, such as participation in pre-game ceremonies, the coin toss or other events outside the game. For instance, the starting quarter... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Backup-Compared to other positions in gridiron football, the backup quarterback gets considerably less playing time than the starting quarterback. While players at many other positions may rotate in and out during a game, and even a starter at most other positions rarely plays every snap, a team's starting ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Backup-A quarterback controversy results when a team has two capable quarterbacks competing for the starting position. Dallas Cowboys head coach Tom Landry alternated Roger Staubach and Craig Morton on each play, sending in the quarterbacks with the play call from the sideline; Morton started in Super Bowl ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Trends and other roles-In addition to their main role, quarterbacks are occasionally used in other roles. Most teams utilize a backup quarterback as their holder on placekicks. A benefit of using quarterbacks as holders is that it would be easier to pull off a fake field goal attempt, but many coaches prefe... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Trends and other roles-Special tactics If quarterbacks are uncomfortable with the formation the defense is using, they may call an audible change to their play. For example, if a quarterback receives the call to execute a running play, but he notices that the defense is ready to blitz—that is, to send addit... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Trends and other roles-Quarterbacks can also "spike" (throw the football at the ground) to stop the official game clock. For example, if a team is down by a field goal with only seconds remaining, a quarterback may spike the ball to prevent the game clock from running out. This usually allows the field goal... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Trends and other roles-Dual-threat quarterbacks A dual-threat quarterback possesses the skills and physique to run with the ball if necessary. With the rise of several blitz-heavy defensive schemes and increasingly faster defensive players, the importance of a mobile quarterback has been redefined. While ar... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Trends and other roles-Dual-threat quarterbacks have historically been more prolific at the college level. Typically, a quarterback with exceptional quickness is used in an option offense, which allows the quarterback to hand the ball off, run it themself or pitch it to a running back shadowing them to the ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Trends and other roles-Two-quarterback system Some teams employ a strategy that involves the use of more than one quarterback during the course of a game. This is more common at lower levels of football, such as high school or small college, but rare in major college or professional football.
There are four... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Trends and other roles-The first is when a team is in the process of determining which quarterback will eventually be the starter, and may choose to use each quarterback for part of the game in order to compare the performances. For instance, the Seattle Seahawks' Pete Carroll used the preseason games in 20... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Trends and other roles-The second is a starter–reliever system, in which the starting quarterback splits the regular season playing time with the backup quarterback, although the former will start playoff games. This strategy is rare, and was last seen in the NFL in the "WoodStrock" combination of Don Stroc... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Trends and other roles-The third is if a coach decides that the team has two quarterbacks who are equally effective and proceeds to rotate the quarterbacks at predetermined intervals, such as after each quarter or after each series. Southern California high school football team Corona Centennial operated th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Trends and other roles-The fourth, still occasionally seen in major-college football, is the use of different quarterbacks in different game or down-and-distance situations. Generally this involves a running quarterback and a passing quarterback in an option or wishbone offense. In Canadian football, quarte... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-History-The quarterback position dates to the late 1800s, when American Ivy League schools playing a form of rugby union imported from the United Kingdom began to put their own spin on the game. Walter Camp, a prominent athlete and rugby player at Yale University, pushed through a change in rules at a meeti... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-History-In the primary formation of Camp's time, there were four "back" positions, with the tailback playing furthest back, followed by the fullback, the halfback, and the quarterback closest to the line. As the quarterback was not allowed to run past the line of scrimmage, and the forward pass had not yet ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-History-The requirement to stay behind the line of scrimmage was soon rescinded, but it was later reimposed in six-man football. The exchange between the person snapping the ball (typically the center) and the quarterback was initially an awkward one because it involved a kick. At first, centers gave the ba... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-History-In 1906, the forward pass was legalized in American football; Canadian football did not adopt the forward pass until 1929. Despite the legalization of the forward pass, the most popular formations of the early 20th century focused mostly on the rushing game. The single-wing formation, a run-oriented... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-History-The period between 1933 and 1945 was marked by numerous changes for the quarterback position. The rule requiring a quarterback/tailback to be five yards behind the line of scrimmage to pass was abolished, and hash marks were added to the field that established a limited zone between which the ball w... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-History-As late as the 1960s, running plays occurred more frequently than passes. NFL quarterback Milt Plum later stated that during his career (1957–1969) passes typically only occurred on third downs and sometimes on first downs. Quarterbacks only increased in importance as rules changed to favor passing ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-History-The NFL continues to be a pass-heavy league, in part due to further rule changes that prescribed harsher penalties for hitting the quarterback and for hitting defenseless receivers as they awaited passes. Passing in wide-open offenses has also been an emphasis at the high school and college levels, ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-History-Dallas Cowboys head coach Tom Landry was an early advocate of taking play calling out of the quarterback's hands. Although this remained a common practice in the NFL through the 1970s, fewer QBs were doing it by the 1980s and even Hall of Famers like Joe Montana did not call their own plays. Buffalo... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Race-Throughout football history, the racial makeup of quarterbacks did not reflect the racial makeup of the sport. Black quarterbacks especially faced barriers in breaking into the starting job at the highest levels. The first black starting quarterback in the Super Bowl era was Marlin Briscoe in 1968, who... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Quarterback-Race-Some black quarterbacks claim to have experienced bias towards or against them due to their race. Despite his ability to both pass and run effectively, current Cleveland Browns signal-caller Deshaun Watson despises being called a dual-threat quarterback because he believes the term is often used to ste... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Helene Langevin-Helene Langevin-Helene Langevin is Director of the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Helene Langevin-Helene Langevin-She was a professor in the University of Vermont College of Medicine's Department of Neurological Sciences. She is best known for characterizing certain cellular and mechanical effects of acupuncture. She was also a Professor in Residence of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, Brigham an... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Helene Langevin-Helene Langevin-Langevin was principal investigator of studies funded by the National Institutes of Health. The Boston Globe describes her as a "celebrity" in the world of acupuncture. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Helene Langevin-Biography-Langevin received an MD degree from McGill University in 1978. She did a post doctoral research fellowship in Neurochemistry at the MRC Neurochemical Pharmacology Unit in Cambridge, England, residency in Internal Medicine and fellowship in Endocrinology and Metabolism at Johns Hopkins Hospital... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Helene Langevin-Research related to acupuncture-In December 2001, a study by Langevin and several other researchers at the University of Vermont College of Medicine regarding the "Biomechanical response to acupuncture needling in humans" was published by the peer-reviewed Journal of Applied Physiology, which examined t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Contactin 2-Contactin 2-Contactin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNTN2 gene. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Contactin 2-Function-The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored neuronal membrane protein that functions as a cell adhesion molecule. It may play a role in the formation of axon connections in the developing nervous system. It may ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Contactin 2-Interactions-CNTN2 has been shown to interact with CNTNAP2 and NFYB. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
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