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Low-head hydro power-Environmental impact of low-head hydropower-Where large sites aren't cleared “the vegetation overwhelmed by the rising water decays to form methane – a far worse greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide”, particularly in the tropics. Low-head dams and weirs do not produce harmful methane. Groynes but als... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Low-head hydro power-Implementation and regulations-Government regulation Most government regulation comes from the use of waterways. Most low-head water turbine systems are smaller engineering projects than traditional water turbines. Even so, one needs to obtain permission from state and federal government institutio... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Low-head hydro power-Implementation and regulations-Government subsidies US government subsidies can be obtained for implementation of small-scale hydro facilities most easily through federal grants, namely green energy grants [2]. A specific example is the Renewable Electricity Production Tax Credit. This is a federal... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Low-head hydro power-Implementation and regulations-Public perception Since these are sustainable energy source, are non detrimental to the water sources they utilize and are visually not an eyesore, they are well regarded within the public sphere [5]. However, there is little public and industrial knowledge of these s... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Cetacaine-Cetacaine is a topical anesthetic that contains the active ingredients benzocaine (14%), butamben (2%), and tetracaine hydrochloride (2%). Cetacaine also contains small amounts of benzalkonium chloride at 0.5% and 0.005% of cetyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium bromide all in a bland water-soluble base. Alt... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Medical uses-Cetacaine is a benzocaine-based anesthetic that also contains other active ingredients that include butamben and tetracaine hydrochloride. The main use for this drug is to produce anesthesia to mucous membranes to numb and help control the pain in that area. The spray form of Cetacaine is also us... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Medical uses-Available forms The dosage should be applied directly to the site where anesthesia is required. The dosage should be modified according to the patient and there has not been a dosage specified for children.Spray: Cetacaine spray should be applied for only one second and dosage should not exceed a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Adverse effects-Cetacaine has been known to cause adverse effects in the patients it has been administered to. These include hypersensitivity in the form of anaphylaxis, dermatitis, erythema, pruritus which can lead to oozing and vesiculation. There have also been accounts of rashes, edema, urticarial and oth... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Adverse effects-Pregnancy and breastfeeding It has not been determined of Cetacaine has any adverse defects on the formation of the fetus or if it is transferred through breastfeeding. It is recommended that professional advise should be taken in these regards. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Pharmacology-Mechanism of action Cetacaine acts quickly in about 30 seconds and can last between 30–60 minutes. This is due to benzocaine causing the immediate anesthetic effect, while butamben and tetracaine hydrochloride causes the extended effect of Cetacaine.The actual mechanism for the onset of anesthesi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Pharmacology-Pharmacokinetics The rate of absorption through the skin and after diffusing in and back out of the nerve membrane it is metabolized by plasma cholinesterase and then excreted in urine. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Contraindications-This product should not be used to cover a large area for anesthetic affect causing an adverse reaction. The liquid and other forms of Cetacaine should not be administered via injection or used under dentures, on eyes or with patients with a cholinesterase deficiency. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Interactions-Cetacaine can have interaction with other drugs being taken by patients one of the interactions that can lead to methemoglobinemia is the interaction with sodium nitrate as well as prilocaine, which can lead to severe illness or death. As well as others listed on the referenced site. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-History-The marketing start date for Cetacaine was January 1, 1960, but benzocaine was first produced in 1890 by German scientist 1890 by Eduard Ritsert. Cetacaine is mainly used in the dental field but has seen use as well in the medical field when dealing with small surgeries on or around mucus membranes. B... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Research-From looking at the patent bank the only research that has occurred around Cetacaine has been with certain medical procedures that use Cetacaine as an anesthetic or new dispensing containers or methods.
One of the only studies that are current with Cetacaine is the one that the FDA is conducting surr... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Economics-Cost effectiveness Cetacaine has been used in the medical and dental field for a long time now. Its main competitors have been benzocaine and other benzocaine-based drugs. The use of Cetacaine has allowed for faster in and out times for patients, cheaper costs, easier use for the doctors or dentists... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cetacaine-Economics-Manufacturer The company the makes Cetacaine is called Cetylite Industries, Inc. This company is based out of Pennsauken, NJ and has a total of 75 employees. Cetylite brings in total revenue of around $7,500,000 with their main product being the topical anesthetics, and infection prevention products... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Scientific pitch-Scientific pitch-Scientific pitch, also known as philosophical pitch, Sauveur pitch or Verdi tuning, is an absolute concert pitch standard which is based on middle C (C4) being set to 256 Hz rather than 261.62 Hz, making it approximately 37.6 cents lower than the common A440 pitch standard. It was firs... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Scientific pitch-Scientific pitch-Scientific pitch is not used by concert orchestras but is still sometimes favored in scientific writings for the convenience of all the octaves of C being an exact round number in the binary system when expressed in hertz (symbol Hz). The octaves of C remain a whole number in Hz all th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Scientific pitch-History-Concert tuning pitches tended to vary from group to group, and by the 17th century the pitches had been generally creeping upward (i.e. becoming "sharper"). The French acoustic physicist Joseph Sauveur, a non-musician, researched musical pitches and determined their frequencies. He found severa... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dragsaw-Dragsaw-A dragsaw or drag saw is a large reciprocating saw using a long steel crosscut saw to buck logs to length. Prior to the popularization of the chainsaw during World War II, the dragsaw was a popular means of taking the hard work out of cutting wood. They would only work for a log on the ground. Dragsaws ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dragsaw-History-Early dragsaws of the modern era were powered by levers or foot pedals, steam and later gasoline-powered. The post-modern steam-powered dragsaw was most commonly used in logging industry rather than merely clearing land due to its versatility. Many of the basic design principles from early dragsaws stil... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dragsaw-Types-Human-powered The human-powered dragsaw was a much more commonly used dragsaw among the general population due to their relatively low cost compared with their higher efficiency. Dragsaws powered by humans would often stem from a lever the person would use to manipulate the saw blade in a much easier mann... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dragsaw-Types-Engine-powered Gasoline or kerosene powered drag saws were popular between the 1910s-1940s when chain saws became preferable. They usually did 90 strokes of the saw per minute. Most of all gasoline-engine-powered dragsaws were made in Portland, Oregon, United States. Steam-powered dragsaws utilized a pist... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dragsaw-Types-Manufacturers: OttawaAmong the first engine-powered drag saw companies. Saws used a four-cycle hit 'n miss engine usually equipped with an angled water-hopper. Direct gear drive.
Wolf Iron Works Small machine shop that made saws under their own Timber Wolf name as well as Ward Sawer for Montgomery Wards. ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dragsaw-Preservation-Engine enthusiasts and vintage logging machinery collectors have restored many examples of engine powered dragsaws. Restored saws can be seen at some steam fairs. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Recombination detection program-Recombination detection program-The Recombination detection program (RDP) is a computer program used to analyse nucleotide sequence data and identify evidence of genetic recombination. Besides applying a large number of different recombination detection methods it also implements various... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-Ship model basin-A ship model basin is a basin or tank used to carry out hydrodynamic tests with ship models, for the purpose of designing a new (full sized) ship, or refining the design of a ship to improve the ship's performance at sea. It can also refer to the organization (often a company) that own... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-History-The eminent English engineer William Froude published a series of influential papers on ship designs for maximising stability in the 1860s. The Institution of Naval Architects eventually commissioned him to identify the most efficient hull shape. He validated his theoretical models with extensi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-Test facilities-The hydrodynamic test facilities present at a model basin site include at least a towing tank and a cavitation tunnel and workshops. Some ship model basins have further facilities such as a maneuvering and seakeeping basin and an ice tank. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-Test facilities-Towing tank A towing tank is a basin, several metres wide and hundreds of metres long, equipped with a towing carriage that runs on two rails on either side. The towing carriage can either tow the model or follow the self-propelled model, and is equipped with computers and devices to re... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-Test facilities-Cavitation tunnel A cavitation tunnel is used to investigate propellers. This is a vertical water circuit with large diameter pipes. At the top, it carries the measuring facilities. A parallel inflow is established. With or without a ship model, the propeller, attached to a dynamometer,... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-Test facilities-Workshops Ship model basins manufacture their ship models from wood or paraffin with a computerized milling machine. Some of them also manufacture their model propellers. Equipping the ship models with all drives and gauges and manufacturing equipment for non-standard model tests are th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-Test facilities-Maneuvering and seakeeping basin This is a test facility that is wide enough to investigate arbitrary angles between waves and the ship model, and to perform maneuvers like turning circles, for which the towing tank is too narrow. However, some important maneuvers like the spiral test s... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-Test facilities-Ice tank An ice tank is used to develop ice breaking vessels, this tank fulfills similar purposes as the towing tank does for open water vessels. Resistance and required engine power as well as maneuvering behaviour are determined depending on the ice thickness. Also ice forces on offsh... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-Software-Additionally, these companies or authorities have CFD software and experience to simulate the complicated flow around ships and their rudders and propellers numerically. Today's state of the art does not yet allow software to replace model tests in their entirety by CFD calculations. One reaso... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-Examples-The ship model basins worldwide are organized in the ITTC (International Towing Tank Conference) to standardize their model test procedures.
Some of the most significant ship model basins are: Denny Tank in Dumbarton, Scotland. The Denny tank was the first commercial ship model basin.
Current ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-Examples-David Taylor Model Basin and the Davidson Laboratory at the Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center in the United States High Speed Towing Tank facility at Naval Science and Technological Labs at Vizag India The Institute for Ocean Technology in St. Johns, Canada FORCE Technolog... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ship model basin-Examples-Maritime Research Institute Netherlands (MARIN) in Wageningen, the Netherlands CNR-INSEAN in Rome, Italy University of Naples Federico II in Naples, Italy SVA Potsdam in Potsdam, Germany HSVA in Hamburg, Germany "Bassin d'essai des carènes" in Val de Reuil, France CEHIPAR in Madrid, Spain CTO ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Orgy-Orgy-In modern usage, an orgy is a sex party where guests freely engage in open and unrestrained sexual activity or group sex. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Orgy-Orgy-Swingers' parties do not always conform to this designation, because at many swinger parties the sexual partners may all know each other or at least have some commonality among economic class, educational attainment or other shared attributes. Some swingers contend that an orgy, as opposed to a sex party, req... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Orgy-Orgy-Participation in an "orgy" is a common sexual fantasy, and group sex targeting such consumers is a subgenre in pornographic films. The term is also used metaphorically in expressions, such as an "orgy of colour" or an "orgy of destruction" to indicate excess, overabundance. The term "orgiastic" does not gene... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Orgy-Ancient orgia-In ancient Greek religion, orgia (ὄργια, sing. ὄργιον, orgion) were ecstatic rites characteristic of the Greek and Hellenistic mystery religions. Unlike public religion, or the private religious practices of a household, the mysteries were open only to initiates, and were thus "secret". Some rites we... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Orgy-In films-Orgy scenes are featured in various films, including Caligula, Bachelor Party, Zoolander 2, Eyes Wide Shut, Sausage Party, and The Wolf of Wall Street. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Google Charts-Google Charts-Google Charts is an interactive Web service that creates graphical charts from user-supplied information.
The user supplies data and a formatting specification expressed in JavaScript embedded in a Web page; in response the service sends an image of the chart. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Spekesild-Spekesild-Spekesild (Norwegian for raw herring pickled in salt) is Atlantic herring preserved using salt. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Spekesild-Salt curing-The preservation takes place by the salt extracting water from the herring, and thus poorer growth conditions are created for microbes.
Until the 1960s, herring was an important export item for Norway, but the decline in the herring fisheries led to these exports stagnating sharply. In the 1990s, ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Spekesild-Desalination-The salted herring is soaked in freshwater for one and a half to two hours for desalination before eating. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Spekesild-Important food resource-In Norway, spekesild was for hundreds of years considered a poor man's diet that kept hunger away. A traditional Norwegian dish with salted herring (spekesild) is along with boiled potatoes, raw onions, dill, pickled beetroots, butter or crème fraîche and flatbrød. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Disbarment-Disbarment-Disbarment, also known as striking off, is the removal of a lawyer from a bar association or the practice of law, thus revoking their law license or admission to practice law. Disbarment is usually a punishment for unethical or criminal conduct but may also be imposed for incompetence or incapacit... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Disbarment-Australia-In Australia, states regulate the Legal Profession under state law, despite many participating in a uniform scheme. Admission as a lawyer is the business of the admissions board and the Supreme Court. Disciplinary proceedings may be commenced by the Bar Association or the Law Society of which one i... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Disbarment-Germany-In Germany, a Berufsverbot is a ban on practicing a profession, which the government can issue to a lawyer for misconduct, Volksverhetzung or for serious mismanagement of personal finances.
In April 1933, the Nazi government issued a Berufsverbot forbidding the practice of law by Jews, Communists, an... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Disbarment-United Kingdom-In the United Kingdom, the removal of the licence to practise of a barrister or Scottish advocate is called being "disbarred", whilst the removal of a solicitor from the rolls in England and Wales, Scotland, or Northern Ireland is called being "struck off". | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Disbarment-United States-Overview Generally, disbarment is imposed as a sanction for conduct indicating that an attorney is not fit to practice law, willfully disregarding the interests of a client, commingling funds, or engaging in fraud which impedes the administration of justice. In some states, any lawyer who is co... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Disbarment-United States-Disbarment is quite rare: in 2011, only 1,046 lawyers were disbarred. Instead, lawyers are usually sanctioned by their own clients through civil malpractice proceedings, or via fine, censure, suspension, or other punishments from the disciplinary boards. To be disbarred is considered a great em... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Disbarment-United States-Former president Richard Nixon was disbarred from New York in 1976 for obstruction of justice related to the Watergate scandal. He had attempted to resign from the New York bar, as he had done with California and the Supreme Court, but his resignation was not accepted as he would not acknowledg... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Disbarment-United States-Ed Fagan, a New York lawyer who prominently represented Holocaust victims against Swiss banks, was disbarred in New York (in 2008) and New Jersey (in 2009) for failing to pay court fines and fees; and for misappropriating client and escrow trust funds.F. Lee Bailey, noted criminal defense attor... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Decorticator-Decorticator-A decorticator (from Latin: cortex, bark) is a machine for stripping the skin, bark, or rind off nuts, wood, plant stalks, grain, etc., in preparation for further processing. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Decorticator-History-In 1933, a farmer named Bernagozzi from Bologna manufactured a machine called a "scavezzatrice", a decorticator for hemp. A working hemp decorticator from 1890, manufactured in Germany, is preserved in a museum in Bologna.In Italy, the"scavezzatrice" faded in the 1950s because of monopolisation fro... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Decorticator-History-Many types of decorticators have been developed since 1890.In 1919, George Schlichten received a U.S. patent on his improvements of the decorticator for treating fiber bearing plants. Schlichten failed to find investors for production of his decorticator and died in 1923, a broken man. His business... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Decorticator-Current usage-In some decorticators, the operation is "semi-automatic", featuring several stops during operation, while more modern systems, such as high-speed kinematic decorticators, are fully automatic.
There are companies who produce and sell decorticators for different crops. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Sports visor-Sports visor-A sports visor, also called a sun visor or visor cap, is a type of crownless hat consisting simply of a visor or brim with a strap or buckle encircling the head. The top of the head is not covered and the visor protects only the face, including eyes, nose, and cheeks, from the sun. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Sports visor-Sports visor-The visor portion of a sun visor may be either curved or flat and the strap is often equipped with an adjustable velcro fastener in back. The strap can function as a sweatband although usually not. This type of headgear was designed for use in outdoor sports (especially golf, tennis, volleybal... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Heathkit-Heathkit is the brand name of kits and other electronic products produced and marketed by the Heath Company. The products over the decades have included electronic test equipment, high fidelity home audio equipment, television receivers, amateur radio equipment, robots, electronic ignition conversion ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Heathkit-Heathkit manufactured electronic kits from 1947 until 1992. After closing that business, the Heath Company continued with its products for education, and motion-sensor lighting controls. The lighting control business was sold around 2000. The company announced in 2011 that they were reentering the kit... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Founding-The Heath Company was founded as an aircraft company in 1911 by Edward Bayard Heath with the purchase of Bates Aeroplane Co, soon renamed to E.B. Heath Aerial Vehicle Co. Starting in 1926 it sold a light aircraft, the Heath Parasol, in kit form. Heath died during a 1931 test flight. The company reorga... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Heathkit product concept-After the success of the oscilloscope kit, Heath went on to produce dozens of Heathkit products. Heathkits were influential in shaping two generations of electronic hobbyists. The Heathkit sales premise was that by investing the time to assemble a Heathkit, the purchasers could build s... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Heathkit product concept-One category in which Heathkit enjoyed great popularity was amateur radio. Ham radio operators had frequently been forced to build their equipment from scratch before the advent of kits, with the difficulty of procuring all the parts separately and relying on often-experimental designs... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Heathkit product concept-In the case of electronic test equipment, Heathkits often filled a low-end entry-level niche, giving hobbyists access at an affordable price.The instruction books were regarded as among the best in the kit industry, being models of clarity, beginning with basic lessons on soldering tec... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Heathkits as education-No knowledge of electronics was needed to assemble a Heathkit. The assembly process itself did not teach much about electronics, but provided a great deal of what could have been called basic "electronics literacy", such as the ability to identify tube pin numbers or to read a resistor c... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Diversification-After the death of Howard Anthony in a 1954 airplane crash, his widow sold the company to Daystrom Company, a management holding company that also owned several other electronics companies.: 147 Daystrom was absorbed by oilfield service company Schlumberger Limited in 1962, and the Daystrom/Sc... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Diversification-For much of Heathkit's history, there were competitors. In electronic kits: Allied Radio, an electronic parts supply house, had its KnightKits, Lafayette Radio offered some kits, Radio Shack made a few forays into this market with its Archerkit line, Dynaco made its audio products available in ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Personal computers-Before entering the burgeoning home computer market, Heathkit marketed and sold microprocessor-based systems aimed at learning about this technology. The ET-3400, for example, was released in 1976 and was based on the Motorola 6800 microprocessor. This system included 256 bytes of RAM, a 1k ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Personal computers-Seeing the potential in personal computers, Zenith Radio Company bought Heath Company from Schlumberger in 1979 for $63 million, renaming the computer division Zenith Data Systems (ZDS). Zenith purchased Heath for the flexible assembly line infrastructure at the nearby St. Joseph facility as... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Personal computers-While the H11 was popular with hard-core hobbyists, Heath engineers realized that DEC's low-end PDP-11 microprocessors would not be able to get Heath up the road to more powerful systems at an affordable price. Heath/Zenith then designed a dual Intel 8085/8088-based system dubbed the H100 (o... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Personal computers-In 1982 Heath introduced the Hero-1 robot kit to teach principles of industrial robotics. The robot included a Motorola 6808 processor, ultrasonic sensor, and optionally a manipulator arm; the complete robot could be purchased assembled for $2495 or a basic kit without the arm purchased for ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Kit era comes to a close-While Heath/Zenith's computer business was successful, the growing popularity of home computers as a hobby hurt the company because many customers began writing computer programs instead of assembling Heathkits. Also, while their assembly was still an interesting and educational hobby,... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Kit era comes to a close-DESA filed bankruptcy in December 2008. The Heathkit company existed for a few years as Heathkit Educational Systems located in Saint Joseph, Michigan, concentrating on the educational market. The Heathkit company filed for bankruptcy in 2012. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Revival-In May 2013, Heathkit's corporate restructuring was announced on their website. An extensive FAQ accessible from their homepage stated clearly that Heathkit was back, and that they would resume electronic kit production and sales.On October 8, 2015, Heathkit circulated an email to its "insiders", who h... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-Heathkit made amateur radio kits almost from the beginning. In addition to their low prices compared with commercially manufactured equipment, Heathkits appealed to amateurs who had an interest in building their own equipment, but did not necessarily have the expertise or desire to design it and ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-Beginnings They entered the market in 1954 with the AT-1, a simple, three tube, crystal controlled transmitter. It was capable of operating CW on the six most popular amateur short wave bands, and sold for $29.50 (equivalent to $320 in 2022).
The 39-page catalog contained only two pages of “ham g... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-Early DX-series transmitters The company's first full featured transmitter, the DX-100, appeared in 1956. It filled two facing catalog pages, indicating Heathkit's seriousness in building kits for amateurs. The description noted that it was “amateur designed” – meant to convey expertise in design... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-Heathkit had been including schematic diagrams of nearly every major kit in its catalog since 1954. In addition, the DX-100's listing contained two interior pictures and a block diagram. The 15-tube design could transmit either CW or AM (voice) with 100 to 140 watts output on all seven short wave... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-The following year they introduced two scaled-down transmitters: the CW-only DX-20 model, meant for beginners, and the DX-35, capable of both CW and AM phone. Both models covered six bands, only lacking the DX-100's coverage of the 160m (1.8 MHz) band. Although they resembled the DX-100 in appear... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-The DX-100 was upgraded in 1959 to the DX-100B (there apparently was no DX-100A) and sold for the same price. By 1960, the catalog advertised it as the “best watts per dollar value” and called the 5-year-old design “classic”. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-Heathkit tribes Apache, Mohawk, Chippewa, Seneca In 1959, a year before the last DX-100 was sold, a new deluxe line of amateur equipment was introduced. The TX-1 Apache transmitter and the RX-1 Mohawk receiver were about the same size and weight as the DX-100 but had updated styling and a new cab... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-Both units used a "slide rule dial" with a scale on a rotating drum that changed with the band selection, and provided more accurate tuning. Together, Heath's top-of-the-line pair sold for $504.45 (equivalent to $5,060 in 2022).
The SB-10 SSB adapter was introduced in 1959 to enable both the Apac... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-Cheyenne, Comanche The MT-1 Cheyenne transmitter and MR-1 Comanche receiver were considerably smaller and lighter than the Apache-Mohawk pair. Used with either an AC or DC external power supply, they could be operated in fixed or mobile service. Without transceive capability, this pair was probab... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-Marauder, Warrior The HX-10 Marauder was a redesigned replacement for the Apache, operating on SSB without an external adapter. It appeared in the 1962–63 catalog along with a new linear amplifier, the HA-10 Warrior.
VHF The last new entry in the tribes generation was the HX-30 transmitter and HA... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-In 1961 they also brought out a distinctive set of low cost, compact, single band transceivers for 6 and 2 meters, the HW-29 and HW-30, also called the Sixer and Twoer. Completely self-contained, with a built-in speaker and a matching microphone, they could operate from AC or DC power. Somewhat l... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-These portable transceivers looked distinctly different from other Heathkit gear. Tan and brown rather than the pervasive green, they were roughly rectangular shaped with rounded corners and had a handle on top. That particular shape and appearance would lead to them being dubbed the “Benton Harb... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-New novice station To succeed the DX-series that started in the 1950s, Heathkit designed an entirely new novice station consisting of the DX-60 transmitter, HR-10 receiver, and HG-10 VFO. These matching units were smaller and lighter than the tribes, covered five bands, and were much lower priced... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-SB-series and HW-series By the early 1960s, a large majority of amateurs had adopted SSB as their primary mode of voice communication on the HF bands. This led to the development of equipment that was specifically designed for transceive operation on SSB, and also much smaller and lighter than th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-Influenced heavily by the S/Line from Collins, Heathkit designed the SB-series to become their top-line set of amateur radio equipment. Like the S/Line, these new products were designed to operate together in various combinations as a system. The first models appeared in the 1965 catalog, displac... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-When used together, the SB-300 receiver and SB-400 transmitter could transceive and had many other features of the S/Line, including crystal bandwidth filters and 1 kHz tuning dial resolution. They could also operate separately (if the optional crystal pack was installed in the transmitter), givi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-The following year two more units were added: the SB-110 transceiver for the 6 meter band and the HA-14 “Kompact Kilowatt”, a smaller kilowatt linear amplifier based on the SB-200. The HA-14 also used grounded grid 572Bs but with external AC and DC power supplies. At 7 lbs the amplifier itself wa... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-In a last minute, four page, center insert to the 1966 catalog titled “New Product News” Heathkit announced the SB-100 five-band SSB transceiver. Like the other transceivers of this time, the SB-100 (and later improved models SB-101 and SB-102) would become one of Heathkit's best selling amateur ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-In the next three years, Heathkit brought out several more SB-series accessories, including a 2 kilowatt input/1.4 kilowatt output linear amplifier, the SB-220. The SB-400 model transmitter was slightly updated with the newer SB-401 model. The final model in the original SB-series was the SB-303 ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-The SB-series would continue to be improved and sell well until 1974 and the arrival of solid state and digital design, with the SB-104 transceiver, its accessories and a new generation of amateur radio gear. Though somewhat redesigned physically it had a similar appearance to the earlier SB-seri... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heathkit-Amateur radio-In 1983 Heathkit came out with their last ham radio kit, the HW-5400 transceiver. It was all solid state with 100 watts output on 160 through 10 meters including the newly available WARC bands. Also available was a matching power supply.
Solid state and digital In the late 1970s Heathkit redesign... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
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