text stringlengths 0 73.6k | source stringclasses 4
values |
|---|---|
Game tree-Understanding the game tree-Game trees are important in artificial intelligence because one way to pick the best move in a game is to search the game tree using any of numerous tree search algorithms, combined with minimax-like rules to prune the tree. The game tree for tic-tac-toe is easily searchable, but t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Game tree-Understanding the game tree-Two-person games can also be represented as and-or trees. For the first player to win a game, there must exist a winning move for all moves of the second player. This is represented in the and-or tree by using disjunction to represent the first player's alternative moves and using ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Game tree-Solving game trees-Deterministic algorithm version With a complete game tree, it is possible to "solve" the game – that is to say, find a sequence of moves that either the first or second player can follow that will guarantee the best possible outcome for that player (usually a win or a tie). The deterministi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Game tree-Solving game trees-Color the final ply of the game tree so that all wins for player 1 are colored one way (Blue in the diagram), all wins for player 2 are colored another way (Red in the diagram), and all ties are colored a third way (Grey in the diagram).
Look at the next ply up. If there exists a node color... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Game tree-Solving game trees-Randomized algorithms version Randomized algorithms can be used in solving game trees. There are two main advantages in this type of implementation: speed and practicality. Whereas a deterministic version of solving game trees can be done in Ο(n), the following randomized algorithm has an e... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Game tree-Solving game trees-The following is an implementation of randomized game tree solution algorithm: The algorithm makes use of the idea of "short-circuiting": if the root node is considered an "OR" operator, then once one True is found, the root is classified as True; conversely, if the root node is considered ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ball spline-Ball spline-Ball splines (Ball Spline bearings) are a special type of linear motion bearing that are used to provide nearly frictionless linear motion while allowing the member to transmit torque simultaneously. There are grooves ground along the length of the shaft (thus forming splines) for the ball beari... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Cache-oblivious algorithm-In computing, a cache-oblivious algorithm (or cache-transcendent algorithm) is an algorithm designed to take advantage of a processor cache without having the size of the cache (or the length of the cache lines, etc.) as an explicit parameter. An optimal cache-oblivio... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Cache-oblivious algorithm-Optimal cache-oblivious algorithms are known for matrix multiplication, matrix transposition, sorting, and several other problems. Some more general algorithms, such as Cooley–Tukey FFT, are optimally cache-oblivious under certain choices of parameters. As these algor... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Cache-oblivious algorithm-Typically, a cache-oblivious algorithm works by a recursive divide-and-conquer algorithm, where the problem is divided into smaller and smaller subproblems. Eventually, one reaches a subproblem size that fits into the cache, regardless of the cache size. For example, ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-History-The idea (and name) for cache-oblivious algorithms was conceived by Charles E. Leiserson as early as 1996 and first published by Harald Prokop in his master's thesis at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1999. There were many predecessors, typically analyzing specific problem... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Idealized cache model-In general, a program can be made more cache-conscious: Temporal locality, where the algorithm fetches the same pieces of memory multiple times; Spatial locality, where the subsequent memory accesses are adjacent or nearby memory addresses.Cache-oblivious algorithms are t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Idealized cache model-In particular, the cache-oblivious model is an abstract machine (i.e., a theoretical model of computation). It is similar to the RAM machine model which replaces the Turing machine's infinite tape with an infinite array. Each location within the array can be accessed in ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Idealized cache model-A load or a store between main memory and a CPU register may now be serviced from the cache.
If a load or a store cannot be serviced from the cache, it is called a cache miss.
A cache miss results in one block being loaded from the main memory into the cache. Namely, if t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Idealized cache model-The replacement policy is optimal. In other words, the cache is assumed to be given the entire sequence of memory accesses during algorithm execution. If it needs to evict a line at time t , it will look into its sequence of future requests and evict the line whose first... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Examples-The simplest cache-oblivious algorithm presented in Frigo et al. is an out-of-place matrix transpose operation (in-place algorithms have also been devised for transposition, but are much more complicated for non-square matrices). Given m×n array A and n×m array B, we would like to sto... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Examples-(In principle, one could continue dividing the matrices until a base case of size 1×1 is reached, but in practice one uses a larger base case (e.g. 16×16) in order to amortize the overhead of the recursive subroutine calls.) Most cache-oblivious algorithms rely on a divide-and-conquer... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Examples-Like external sorting in the external memory model, cache-oblivious sorting is possible in two variants: funnelsort, which resembles mergesort, and cache-oblivious distribution sort, which resembles quicksort. Like their external memory counterparts, both achieve a running time of lo... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Practicality-An empirical comparison of 2 RAM-based, 1 cache-aware, and 2 cache-oblivious algorithms implementing priority queues found that: Cache-oblivious algorithms performed worse than RAM-based and cache-aware algorithms when data fits into main memory.
The cache-aware algorithm did not ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cache-oblivious algorithm-Practicality-Cache oblivious algorithms outperformed RAM-based algorithms when data size exceeded the size of main memory.Another study compared hash tables (as RAM-based or cache-unaware), B-trees (as cache-aware), and a cache-oblivious data structure referred to as a "Bender set". For both e... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Terrestrial analogue sites-Terrestrial analogue sites (also called "space analogues" or terrestrial analog sites) are places on Earth with assumed past or present geological, environmental or biological conditions of a celestial body such as the Moon or Mars. Analogue sites are used in the fr... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Definition-Analogue sites are places on Earth with assumed, past or present, geological, environmental or biological conditions of a celestial body. Analogue site studies are necessary because they help to understand geological processes (on Earth) which can be extrapolated to other Solar Sys... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Definition-Some sites are therefore suited to test instruments for exobiological research or to train sampling procedures for field explorations. Other sites offer an extreme environment that can be used by astronauts to prepare for the difficulties in future space missions. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Definition-Fidelity An important notion in the evaluation of analogue sites is that of "fidelity", which describes the resemblance of the analogue to its extraterrestrial correspondent. Fidelity is used in comparative planetary science to express the analogy of a terrestrial site to a target ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Definition-Geomorphology Geomorphology is the scientific study of landforms and the processes that shape them. In terms of analogue sites, scientists search for locations on Earth that exhibit similar landforms such as can be found on exploration targets like the Moon, Mars or even asteroids ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Definition-Geochemistry Geochemistry is the science that uses the principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms behind major geological systems. The aspect of geochemistry is of importance for analogue sites when locations offer the possibility to test analysis instruments for future spac... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Definition-Exobiology Exobiology or astrobiology is the study of the origin and evolution of extraterrestrial life. In terrestrial analogues efforts are put on the identification of so-called extremophile organisms, which are life forms that live and survive in extreme conditions such as can ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Definition-Examples of exobiology analogue sites are the Rio Tinto in Spain, which hosts bacteria that can survive high temperatures and harsh chemical conditions, or black smokers in the deep sea that host colonies of life forms in high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. The cold dry ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Definition-Exploration conditions Another criterion to search for analogue sites are locations where the exploration conditions of future astronauts can be simulated. Future explorers of the Moon or Mars will have to handle various conditions, such as reduced gravity, radiation, work in press... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-History of the space analogues-The notion of space analogues is not new. NASA has used such sites for a long time to train its astronauts for space missions. The following data are taken from the official website of NASA.The first analog mission was undertaken in 1997 in Arizona. Since then, ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-History of the space analogues-In the same year, the Haughton-Mars Project (HMP) was started on Devon Island in the Arctic. Since then, 14 missions have been conducted there to test technology and operations in a remote, extreme environment and conduct science research on the Mars-like terrai... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-History of the space analogues-The last analogue site used by NASA is at Mauna Kea on the Big Island of Hawaii, after which an analogue base under the name of HI-SEAS was founded on Mauna Loa. In total, six NASA missions have started in this base between 2013 and 2018, until the sixth HI-SEAS... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-History of the space analogues-Keen interest for space analogues has emerged through the student community, the 2017 NASA Ames Grand Prize Winning entry Anastasi, explores the possibility of an underwater settlement as a preliminary to space settlement infrastructure. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Objectives-The history of the use of terrestrial analogues shows the importance attached to using analogue sites in validating spatial technologies and scientific instruments. But analogue sites also have other uses: Training Space analogues can help to train personnel in using technologies a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Objectives-Underwater sites simulate a reduced-gravity environment by compensating weight by the Archimedes' principle, thus simulating zero gravity or reduced gravity (lunar gravity, for example).
Surface sites serve to train astronauts to walk and move within a spacesuit, and to test the Ma... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Terrestrial analogue sites-Currently used space analogues-Following table lists currently used space analogues on Earth. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
American Osteopathic Board of Neurology and Psychiatry-American Osteopathic Board of Neurology and Psychiatry-The American Osteopathic Board of Neurology and Psychiatry (AOBNP) is an organization that provides board certification to qualified Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) and physicians who specialize in disor... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
American Osteopathic Board of Neurology and Psychiatry-American Osteopathic Board of Neurology and Psychiatry-The board is one of 16 medical specialty certifying boards of the American Osteopathic Association Bureau of Osteopathic Specialists (AOABOS) of the American Osteopathic Association (AOA). Established in 1941, ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
American Osteopathic Board of Neurology and Psychiatry-Organization-There are eight elected members of the AOBNP. Each member is an AOA board-certified physician, certified through the AOBNP. Membership includes a representatives from each area of neurology (4) and psychiatry (4), as well as representation from the sub... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
American Osteopathic Board of Neurology and Psychiatry-Board certification-Initial certification is available to osteopathic and other neurologists and psychiatrists who have successfully completed an ACGME-accredited residency in neurology or psychiatry and successful completion of the written exam.Board certified neu... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
American Osteopathic Board of Neurology and Psychiatry-Board certification-Component 2: Lifelong Learning/Continuing Medical Education. A minimum of 75 CME credits in the specialty area of certification during each 3-year cycle. Of these 75 specialty CME credits, 18 of these CME hours must be AOA Category 1-A. The rema... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
American Osteopathic Board of Neurology and Psychiatry-Board certification-Component 4: Practice Performance Assessment and Improvement. Attestation of participation in quality improvement activities. Physicians may view the Attestation Form by logging in with their AOA credentials to the AOA Physician Portal on the AO... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Evans Gambit-Evans Gambit-The Evans Gambit is a chess opening characterised by the moves: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. b4The Evans Gambit is an aggressive line of the Giuoco Piano. White offers a pawn to divert the black bishop on c5. If Black accepts, White can follow up with c3 and d4, ripping open the centre, w... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Evans Gambit-History-The gambit is named after the Welsh sea captain, William Davies Evans, the first player known to have played it. The first game with the opening is considered to be Evans–McDonnell, London 1827, although in that game a slightly different move order was tried (1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.0-0 d6 an... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Evans Gambit-General remarks-Accepting the gambit The most obvious and most usual way for Black to meet the gambit is to accept it with 4...Bxb4, after which White plays 5.c3 and Black usually follows up with 5...Ba5 (5...Be7 and the less common 5...Bc5 and 5...Bd6, the Stone–Ware Defence, are also played). White usual... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Evans Gambit-General remarks-Alternatively, Black can meet 6.d4 with 6...exd4, when White can try 7.Qb3, a move often favoured by Nigel Short. 7.0-0 is traditionally met by 7...Nge7, intending to meet 8.Ng5 or 8.cxd4 with 8...d5 returning the pawn in many lines, rather than the materialistic 7...dxc3, which is well met... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Evans Gambit-General remarks-Declining the gambit Alternatively, the gambit can be declined with 4...Bb6, when 5.a4 a6 is the normal continuation. But due to the loss of tempo involved, most commentators consider declining the Evans Gambit to be weaker than accepting it, then returning the pawn at a later stage. Black ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Evans Gambit-General remarks-Aron Nimzowitsch states in the book My System, however, that by declining the gambit Black has not lost a tempo, since the move b4 was, in the sense of development, unproductive, as is every pawn move, if it does not bear a logical connection with the centre. For suppose after 4...Bb6 5.b5 ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Evans Gambit-Bishop retreats after accepting the gambit-After 4.b4 Bxb4 5.c3, the bishop must move or be captured. The common retreats are listed here, with the good and bad sides of each: 5...Ba5 Black's most popular retreat according to Chessgames.com. It gets out of the way of White's centre pawns, and pins the c3-p... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Evans Gambit-Bishop retreats after accepting the gambit-5...Bc5 The second most popular retreat according to Chessgames.com, with White scoring better than after 5...Ba5. This is often played by those unfamiliar with the Evans Gambit, and is arguably inferior to 5...Ba5, because 6.d4 attacks the bishop again and limits... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Evans Gambit-In popular culture-The Evans Gambit is referenced in episode 15 of Season 3 of The West Wing "Hartsfield's Landing". It is the favourite opening of agadmator, a popular chess Youtuber. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Vegetarian bacon-Vegetarian bacon-Vegetarian bacon, also referred to as veggie bacon, vegan bacon, vegan rashers, vacon, or facon, is a plant-based version of bacon. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Vegetarian bacon-Nutrition-It is high in protein and fiber, yet low in fat, and has no cholesterol. Many vegan bacon products are lower in salt than pork back bacon, and some have less than 10% of the fat. Two slices of one particular brand average 310 kilojoules (75 kilocalories) of food energy. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Vegetarian bacon-Range-Brands include Morningstar Farms, LightLife, Quorn, Tofurky, Soy Boy, Sweet Earth, Upton's Naturals, and Hooray Foods.In 2015, the Media Wales reported vegan restaurant Anna Loka in Cardiff served vegan rashers. In 2021, Aldi supermarkets in the United Kingdom added No Pork Streaky Bacon Rashers.... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Vegetarian bacon-Homemade recipes-Welsh chef Gaz Oakley makes a vegan version of bacon bits from coconut flakes. The Bangor Daily News reported that vegan expert Avery Yale Kamila said homemade vegan bacon can be made from shiitake mushrooms, rice paper, coconut, eggplant or banana peels. American musician Lizzo uses m... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Vegetarian bacon-Homemade recipes-Vegetarian bacon can also be made at home by marinating strips of tempeh or tofu in various flavorings, such as soy sauce or liquid smoke, and then either frying or baking. Aficionados of raw food also use coconut meat as a bacon substitute. Seitan can also be formed into vegetarian ba... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Angina bullosa haemorrhagica-Angina bullosa haemorrhagica-Angina bullosa haemorrhagica is a condition of the mucous membranes characterized by the sudden appearance of one or more blood blisters within the oral cavity.: 808 The lesions, which may be caused by mild trauma to the mouth tissues such as hot foods, typica... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Angina bullosa haemorrhagica-Angina bullosa haemorrhagica-The blisters usually affect the palate or oropharynx, and are often long lived to the extent that patients burst them for symptomatic relief. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Angina bullosa haemorrhagica-Diagnosis-The condition is diagnosed on the basis of exclusion of other conditions and the typical presentation, particularly the constant presence of blood as the blister fluid. Angina bullosa haemorrhagica does not cause desquamative gingivitis. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Angina bullosa haemorrhagica-Treatment-Treatment includes steroid gel and analgesics (anesthetic suspension). | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-Formula One tyres-Formula One tyres play a significant role in the performance of a Formula One car. The tyres have undergone major changes throughout the history of Formula One with different manufacturers and specifications used in the sport. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-Design and usage-Formula One tyres bear only a superficial resemblance to a normal road tyre. Whereas the latter has a useful life of up to 80,000 km (50,000 miles), the tyres used in Formula One are built to last less than one race distance. The purpose of the tyre determines the compound of the rubb... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-History-During the 1950s and 1960s, Formula One tyres were supplied by Dunlop, Englebert, Firestone, Continental and Goodyear. In 1958, Dunlop introduced its R5 racing tyre, replacing the cotton fabric of the earlier R1 to R4 tyres with nylon fabric, allowing for a reported 12 lb reduction in tyre wei... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-History-In 1998, grooved tyres were introduced with three groove lines in the front tyres and four groove lines in the rear tyres. Between 1999 and 2008, regulations required the tyres to feature a minimum of four 14 mm (0.55 in) grooves in them, with the intention of slowing the cars down. This is be... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-History-For 2007, Bridgestone again became the sole tyre partner and supplier in Formula One with the withdrawal of Michelin, and introduced four compounds of tyre, two of which are made available at each race. The harder tyre (referred to as the "prime" tyre) is more durable but gives less grip, and ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-History-Slick tyres were reintroduced at the beginning of 2009, along with aerodynamic changes intended to shift the balance towards mechanical grip in an attempt to increase overtaking. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-History-On 2 November 2009, Bridgestone announced their withdrawal from Formula One at the end of the 2010 season. Michelin, Cooper Avon and Pirelli showed interest in taking over the role of tyre partner and supplier. On 24 June 2010, it was announced that Pirelli would be the sole tyre partner and s... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-History-In 2016, new tyre rules were introduced. Pirelli nominated 3 different compounds of slick tyres to bring to each race. Each team had 13 sets of dry tyres for the race weekend. Of the 13 sets, two sets of tyres were chosen by Pirelli to be reserved for the race. Additionally, one set of the sof... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-History-Pirelli introduced two new tyre compounds for the 2018 F1 season - hypersoft (pink) and superhard (orange). The hard tyre became ice blue.Heading into the 2019 season, Pirelli reduced the tyre range from seven to five dry weather compounds. They also scrapped the tyre naming system such that t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-History-As Formula One wheel rim diameter size will switch from 13 to 18 in (330 to 457 mm), the tyre diameter of 2022-spec Pirelli Formula One tyres will also be altered, from 670 to 720 mm (26.4 to 28.3 in), while the tread width of 2022-spec Pirelli Formula One tyres are expected to be unchanged. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-History-2005 United States Grand Prix controversy On Friday, 17 June 2005, during the afternoon's practice session, Ralf Schumacher, who was driving for Toyota, crashed heavily in turn 13 of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway road course, as a result of a left-rear tyre failure. Turn 13 on the Indianapol... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-History-The following day, Michelin reported that the tyres it had provided for its seven customer teams—BAR, McLaren, Red Bull, Renault, Toyota, Sauber, and Williams—were unsafe for extended high-speed use on this turn, and announced its intention to fly in another set of tyres from its Clermont-Ferr... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-History-Make Cars Green campaign At the 2008 Japanese Grand Prix, the tyres had the grooves painted green, as part of a promotion by the FIA to reduce the impact of motoring on the environment called Make Cars Green. The softer of the two types of tyre still had the second innermost groove painted whi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-Tyre summary-There are eight tyre compounds available for the 2023 season. Two of these are for wet weather driving, the intermediate (indicated by a green sidewall) for light standing water conditions, and the full wet (indicated by a blue sidewall) for heavy standing water. These are available to al... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-Tyre summary-Pirelli nominates three of the compounds to be run at each race. Of these three, the hardest compound is named the hard tyre for the weekend and is denoted by a white sidewall, while the softest compound is named the soft and is denoted by a red sidewall, with the third of the nominated t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-Tyre summary-With the intention of making tyre usage more sustainable in the future, Formula One will trial a reduction in allocated tyre sets from 13 to 11 at two races in 2023. At these races the use of tyres in qualifying will be mandated as hard in Q1, medium in Q2 and soft in Q3, assuming that th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Formula One tyres-Manufacturers-From 2011 onwards, the Italian manufacturer Pirelli is the sole tyre supplier. The deal is currently set to last until the 2024 season.Past manufacturers include: Avon Bridgestone Continental Dunlop Englebert Firestone Goodyear Michelin Tyre manufacturers by season The manufacturer that ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Birthing center-A birthing center is a healthcare facility, staffed by nurse midwives, midwives and/or obstetricians, for mothers in labor, who may be assisted by doulas and coaches. The midwives monitor the labor, and well-being of the mother and the baby during birth. Doulas can assist the midwives an... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Birthing center-A birth center presents a more home-like environment than a hospital labor ward, typically with more options during labor: food and drink, music, and the attendance of family and friends if desired. Other characteristics can also include non-institutional furniture such as queen-sized be... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Comparison of traditional vs. alternative-A 2012 Cochrane review compared traditional hospital births with alternative, home-like settings in or near conventional hospital labor wards. In comparison with traditional hospital wards, home-like settings had a trend towards an increase in spontaneous vagina... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Around the world-United States Like clinics, birth centers arose on the East and West Coasts in the 1970s, as alternatives to heavily institutionalized health care. Today, use of birthing centers is generally covered by health insurance. Several of the practices which were innovated in birth centers are... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Around the world-Accreditation The nationwide organization supporting and promoting birth centers is the American Association of Birth Centers (AABC). Many birth centers nationwide, like hospitals, chose to become accredited through the Commission for the Accreditation of Birth Centers (CABC). Since 198... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Around the world-Accreditation depends on a set of measures, called indicators, against which birth centers are evaluated during site visits by CABC Accreditation Specialists. Adherence to these indicators ensures both safety of mother and infant as well as protects the integrity of the birth center mod... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Around the world-Birth center applications for accreditation are reviewed by Commissioners on the board of trustees of the CABC. These Commissioners are Certified Nurse‐Midwives, certified professional midwives, physician specialists in obstetrics and neonatology, nurses, and birth center consumers. The... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Around the world-There has been much research in recent years to support out of hospital birth—especially birth center birth—as not just safe but at times safer than hospital birth because of its judicious use of technology, licensed professionals and connection to the health care system. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Around the world-Amish centers The Amish, known for their great respect for tradition, usually have homebirths or give birth at birthing centers. Most Amish women only go to a hospital to give birth when there is a known medical risk for her or the child, but some Amish women choose to go the hospital d... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Around the world-Australia In a response to the National Maternity Action Plan, State and Territory Governments in 2002 started to respond to consumer demand for an increased number of birth centers to be made available to women. Whilst most birth centers are attached to hospitals, some are being establ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Around the world-Some birth centers in Australia are moving away from the 'low-risk' model and are moving to an All-risk model where women with medical complications are accepted into the birth center but extra care is provided to them where necessary.
Canada Birthing centers remain controversial. Hospi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Around the world-Netherlands The Netherlands has seen a growth in the number of locations for giving birth, other than homebirth or hospital maternity wards. In these facilities the birth is overseen by a midwife, typically in a homelike environment. Most community midwives work in group practices and o... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Birthing center-Around the world-Nepal A three-year study focusing on the remote Solukhumbu District explored access to perinatal care and found that 36% of deliveries took place in a health facility. Results from this study noted that access to timely transportation options were a major factor in the lack of accessibi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip hip hooray-Hip hip hooray-Hip hip hooray (also hippity hip hooray; hooray may also be spelled and pronounced hoorah, hurrah, hurray etc.) is a cheer called out to express congratulation toward someone or something, in the English-speaking world and elsewhere. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip hip hooray-Hip hip hooray-By a sole speaker, it is a form of interjection. In a group, it takes the form of call and response: the cheer is initiated by one person exclaiming "Three cheers for...[someone or something]" (or, more archaically, "Three times three"), then calling out "hip hip" (archaically, "hip hip hi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip hip hooray-History-The call was recorded in England in the beginning of the 19th century in connection with making a toast. Eighteenth century dictionaries list "Hip" as an attention-getting interjection, and in an example from 1790 it is repeated. "Hip-hip" was added as a preparatory call before making a toast or ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hard seat-Hard seat-The Hard seat (Chinese: 硬座; pinyin: yìng zuò) or Semi-cushioned seat, abbreviated YZ, is the cheapest class of seating in China Railway. It is available on non-high-speed trains.The name of Hard seat derives comes from the hard, wooden seats in the Mao era on regular passenger trains. Modern "hard s... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hard seat-Hard seat-Compared to soft seat, hard seat carriages have more seats per row (2+3 vs. 2+2) and are usually more crowded, and people without seats may stand in hard seat carriages. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hard seat-Coaches-The coaches current in use include: YZ-21 (no air conditioner) YZ-22 (no air conditioner) YZ-22B (no air conditioner) YZ-25B (no air conditioner) YZ-25G YZ-25K YZ-25T YZ-30 YZ-32 SYZ-25B (double-decked) SYZ-25K (double-decked) | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hard seat-Price-As of 2006, the following ticket price used in most regular lines, but some special lines have different prices. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
AMD mobile platform-AMD mobile platform-The AMD mobile platform is an open platform for laptops from AMD. Though little marketing was done on this platform, it has been competing with the Centrino platform in the segment to gain more marketshare. Each platform has its own specification, catching up the latest technolog... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
AMD mobile platform-Open platform approach-In February 2007, AMD had announced the "Better by Design" initiative to continue the success of the open platform approach for desktop back in early 2003 after the launch of Athlon 64 processors with a lack of chipset being developed by AMD, and open the platform to chipset v... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
AMD mobile platform-Open platform approach-Under the "Better by Design" initiative, AMD introduced a three-cell arrow sticker to identify mobile platform products, which the top cell being the processor (as Turion 64 X2). The middle cell for graphics accelerators as NVIDIA or ATI (as a result of retaining the use of "A... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.