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Gaia philosophy-Gaia in biology and science-Whether this sort of system is present on Earth is still open to debate. Some relatively simple homeostatic mechanisms are generally accepted. For example, when atmospheric carbon dioxide levels rise, plants are able to grow better and thus remove more carbon dioxide from the... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Gaia philosophy-Gaia in biology and science-The Gaia hypothesis is sometimes viewed from significantly different philosophical perspectives. Some environmentalists view it as an almost conscious process, in which the Earth's ecosystem is literally viewed as a single unified organism. Some evolutionary biologists, on th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Gaia philosophy-Gaia in biology and science-Depending on how strongly the case is stated, the hypothesis conflicts with mainstream neo-Darwinism. Most biologists would accept Daisyworld-style homeostasis as possible, but would certainly not accept the idea that this equates to the whole biosphere acting as one organism... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Gaia philosophy-Gaia in the social sciences and politics-A social science view of Gaia theory is the role of humans as a keystone species who may be able to accomplish global homeostasis. Whilst a few social scientists who draw inspiration from 'organic' views of society have embraced Gaia philosophy as a way to explai... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Gaia philosophy-Gaia in religion-Rosemary Radford Ruether, the American feminist scholar and theologian, wrote a book called "Gaia and God: An Ecofeminist Theology of Earth Healing". | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Gaia philosophy-Gaia in religion-A book edited by Allan Hunt Badiner called Dharma Gaia explores the ground where Buddhism and ecology meet through writings by the Dalai Lama, Gary Snyder, Thich Nhat Hanh, Allen Ginsberg, David Abram, Joanna Macy, Robert Aitken, and 25 other Buddhists and ecologists.Gaianism, an earth-... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Gaia philosophy-Criticism-One of the most problematic issues with referring to Gaia as an organism is its apparent failure to meet the biological criterion of being able to reproduce. Obviously this limited view misunderstands cosmic cycles of death of planets and stars into star stuff that creates more planets and sta... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Gaia philosophy-Books on Gaia-Alan Marshall (2002), The Unity of Nature, Imperial College Press. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Gaia philosophy-Books on Gaia-Mary Midgley (2007), Earthy realism: the meaning of Gaia Mary Midgley (2001), Gaia: the next big idea Lawrence E. Joseph (1991), Gaia: the growth of an idea Stephen Henry Schneider (2004), Scientists debate gaia: the next century Allan Hunt Badiner (1990), Dharma Gaia: A Harvest of Essays ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-Magic eye tube-A magic eye tube or tuning indicator, in technical literature called an electron-ray indicator tube, is a vacuum tube which gives a visual indication of the amplitude of an electronic signal, such as an audio output, radio-frequency signal strength, or other functions. The magic eye (also ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-History-The magic eye tube (or valve) for tuning radio receivers was invented in 1932 by Allen B. DuMont (who spent most of the 1930s improving the lifetime of cathode ray tubes, and ultimately formed the DuMont Television Network).The RCA 6E5 from 1935 was the first commercial tube.The earlier types wer... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-History-There was also a sub-miniature version with wire ends (Mullard DM70/DM71, Mazda 1M1/1M3, GEC/Marconi Y25) intended for battery operation, used in one Ever Ready AM/FM battery receiver with push-pull output, as well as a small number of AM/FM mains receivers, which lit the valve from the 6.3 V hea... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-History-The function of a magic eye can be achieved with modern semiconductor circuitry and optoelectronic displays. The high voltages (100 volts or more) required by these tubes are not present in modern devices, so the magic eye tube is now obsolete. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-Method of operation-A magic eye tube is a miniature cathode ray tube, usually with a built-in triode signal amplifier. It usually glows bright green, (occasionally yellow in some very old types, e.g., EM4) and the glowing ends grow to meet in the middle as the voltage on a control grid increases. It is u... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-Method of operation-Internally, the device is a vacuum tube consisting of two plate electrode assemblies, one creating a triode amplifier and the other a display section consisting of a conical-shaped target anode coated with zinc silicate or similar material. The display section's anode is usually direc... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-Method of operation-When the receiver is switched on but not tuned to a station, the target-anode glows green due to electrons striking it, with the exception of the area by the internal control-electrode. This electrode is typically 150–200 V negative with respect to the target-anode, repelling electron... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-Method of operation-The control-grid of the triode-amplifier section is connected to a point where a negative control voltage dependent on signal strength is available, e.g. the AGC line in an AM superheterodyne receiver, or the limiter stage or FM detector in an FM receiver. As a station is tuned in the... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-Use in radios-The purpose of magic eye tubes in radio sets is to help with accurate tuning to a station; the tube makes peaks in signal strength more obvious by producing a visual indication, which is better than using the ear alone. The eye is especially useful because the automatic gain control (AGC) a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-Use in radios-When, in the early 1950s, FM radio sets were made available on the UK market, many different types of magic eye tubes were made available, with differing displays, but they all worked the same way. Some had a separate small display to light up indicating a stereo signal on FM.
The British L... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-Common types-In USA made radios, the first type issued was the type 6E5 single pie shaped image, introduced by RCA and used in their 1936 line of radios. Other radio makers originally used the 6E5 as well until, soon after, the less sensitive type 6G5 was introduced. Also, a type 6AB5 aka 6N5 tube with l... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-Common types-Several other "eye tubes" were introduced in USA radios and also used in test equipment and audio gear, including the octal-based types 6AF6GT, 6AD6GT and 1629. The latter was an industrial type with 12 volt filament looking identical to type 6E5. Later USA made audio gear used European tube... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Magic eye tube-Other applications-Magic eye tubes were used as the recording level indicator for tape recorders (for example in the Echolette), and it is also possible to use them (in a specially adapted circuit) as a means of rough frequency comparison as a simpler alternative to Lissajous figures.
A magic eye tube ac... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Acquired brain injury-Acquired brain injury-Acquired brain injury (ABI) is brain damage caused by events after birth, rather than as part of a genetic or congenital disorder such as fetal alcohol syndrome, perinatal illness or perinatal hypoxia. ABI can result in cognitive, physical, emotional, or behavioural impairmen... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Acquired brain injury-Signs and symptoms-Emotional ABI has been associated with a number of emotional difficulties such as depression, issues with self-control, managing anger impulses and challenges with problem-solving, these challenges also contribute to psychosocial concerns involving social anxiety, loneliness and... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Acquired brain injury-Signs and symptoms-Memory Following acquired brain injury it is common for people to experience memory loss; memory disorders are one of the most prevalent cognitive deficits experienced in affected people. However, because some aspects of memory are directly linked to attention, it can be challen... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Acquired brain injury-Children-In children and youth with pediatric acquired brain injury the cognitive and emotional difficulties that stem from their injury can negatively impact their level of participation in home, school and other social situations, participation in structured events has been found to be especiall... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Acquired brain injury-Management-Rehabilitation following an acquired brain injury does not follow a set protocol, due to the variety of mechanisms of injury and structures affected. Rather, rehabilitation is an individualized process that will often involve a multi-disciplinary approach. The rehabilitation team may in... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Acquired brain injury-Management-Memory Some strategies for rehabilitating the memory of those affected by ABI have used repetitive tasks to attempt to increase the patients' ability to recall information. While this type of training increases performance on the task at hand, there is little evidence that the skills tr... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Acquired brain injury-Notable cases-There have been many popularized cases of various forms of ABI such as: Phineas Gage's case of traumatic brain injury that greatly stimulated discussion on brain function and physiology Henry Molaison, formerly known as patient H.M., underwent neurosurgery to remove scar tissue in hi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Acquired brain injury-Notable cases-Zasetsky injured in the Battle of Smolensk, bullet entered his left parieto-occipital area and resulted in a long coma. Following this, he developed a form of agnosia and became unable to perceive the right side of things. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dense irregular connective tissue-Dense irregular connective tissue-Dense irregular connective tissue has fibers that are not arranged in parallel bundles as in dense regular connective tissue.
Dense irregular connective tissue consists of mostly collagen fibers. It has less ground substance than loose connective tissu... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dense irregular connective tissue-Function-This type of connective tissue is found mostly in the reticular layer (or deep layer) of the dermis. It is also in the sclera and in the deeper skin layers. Due to high portions of collagenous fibers, dense irregular connective tissue provides strength, making the skin resista... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Rapid casting-Rapid casting-Rapid casting is an integration of investment casting with rapid prototyping/3D printing. In this technique disposable patterns that are used for forming molds are created with 3D printing techniques like fused deposition modeling, stereolithography or any other 3D printing technique. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Rapid casting-Advantages-Cheap for batch production Reduced turnaround time Representative prototypes Easier to make patterns Possibility to make the part lighter by removing unwanted material and stiffer by adding rib features.
Advantages of pressure die casting Cheap at scale Large parts Good surface finish High dime... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Rapid casting-Procedure-A disposable pattern is 3D printed (can be of wax or any plastic used in 3D printing PLA,PETG,Etc.).
The pattern, if made of wax, undergoes wax infiltration and other procedures to increase its strength and dewaxing properties.
A mold is made by coating the printed pattern using a ceramic slurry... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
81 Cancri-81 Cancri-81 Cancri (Pi1 Cancri, π1 Cancri) is a stellar system that lies approximately 66 light-years away. The main component of the system is a close binary, while a brown dwarf binary is located at a wide separation. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
81 Cancri-Components-81 Cancri has long been known to be a binary, both visually and spectroscopically (VBO=SB2O). Their orbit is an eccentric 2.7 year one, resolved by over 100 milli-arcseconds due to a modest separation and close distance. The two components have similar masses and temperatures, with the secondary be... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
81 Cancri-Components-A brown dwarf component in the system was detected in 2001. The source 2MASSW J0912145+145940 (2M0912+14) in the 2MASS catalogue was identified as having a common proper motion with the AB binary, and subsequent observations confirmed the brown dwarf nature of the companion. The new component, 81 C... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
81 Cancri-Components-The brown dwarf was found to be about half a magnitude brighter in the JHK bands than expected, compared to others of similar spectral type and known distance. The system was not found to not be particularly young to some confidence, so it was possible that component C could itself be a close binar... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Orthogonal array testing-Orthogonal array testing-Orthogonal array testing is a black box testing technique that is a systematic, statistical way of software testing. It is used when the number of inputs to the system is relatively small, but too large to allow for exhaustive testing of every possible input to the syst... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Orthogonal array testing-Orthogonal array testing-The permutations of factor levels comprising a single treatment are so chosen that their responses are uncorrelated and therefore each treatment gives a unique piece of information. The net effects of organizing the experiment in such treatments is that the same piece o... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Orthogonal array testing-Background-Orthogonal vector Orthogonal vectors exhibit orthogonality. Orthogonal vectors exhibit the following properties: Each of the vectors conveys information different from that of any other vector in the sequence, i.e., each vector conveys unique information therefore avoiding redundancy... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Orthogonal array testing-Benefits-Testing cycle time is reduced and analysis is simpler.
Test cases are balanced, so it's straightforward to isolate defects and assess performance. This provides a significant cost savings over pair-wise testing. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Bronchitis kettle-Bronchitis kettle-The bronchitis kettle, typified by a long spout, was used in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries to moisten the air for a sufferer of bronchitis, and was considered to make it easier to breathe for the patient. Sometimes menthol was added to the water to relieve congestion. The wa... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Neodymium bismuthide-Neodymium bismuthide-Neodymium bismuthide or Bismuth-Neodymium is a binary inorganic compound of neodymium and bismuth with the formula NdBi. It forms crystals. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Neodymium bismuthide-Preparation-Neodymium bismuthide can be prepared by reacting a stoichiometric amount of neodymium and bismuth at 1900°C: Nd + Bi → NdBi | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Neodymium bismuthide-Physical properties-Neodymium bismuthide forms cubic crystals of the space group Fm3m, with cell parameters a = 0.64222 nm, Z = 4 with a structure like sodium chloride. The compound melts at 1900°C. At a temperature of 24 K, an antiferromagnetic transition occurs in the compound. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Genitography-Genitography-Genitography is the radiography of the urogenital sinus and internal duct structures after injection of a contrast medium through the opening of the sinus. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Macintosh Font X encoding-Macintosh Font X encoding-Macintosh Font X is a character encoding which is used by Kermit to represent text on the Apple Macintosh (but not by standard Mac OS fonts). It is a modification of Mac OS Symbol to include all characters in DEC Special Graphics and the DEC Technical Character Set (u... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Beck's cognitive triad-Beck's cognitive triad-Beck's cognitive triad, also known as the negative triad, is a cognitive-therapeutic view of the three key elements of a person's belief system present in depression. It was proposed by Aaron Beck in 1967. The triad forms part of his cognitive theory of depression and the c... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Beck's cognitive triad-Beck's cognitive triad-The triad involves "automatic, spontaneous and seemingly uncontrollable negative thoughts" about: The self The world or environment The futureExamples of this negative thinking include: The self – "I'm worthless and ugly" or "I wish I was different" The world – "No one valu... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Beck's cognitive triad-Beck's cognitive model of depression-From a cognitive perspective, depressive disorders are characterized by people's dysfunctional negative views of themselves, their life experience (and the world in general), and their future—the cognitive triad. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Beck's cognitive triad-Beck's cognitive model of depression-People with depression often view themselves as unlovable, helpless, doomed or deficient. They tend to attribute their unpleasant experiences to their presumed physical, mental, and/or moral deficits. They tend to feel excessively guilty, believing that they a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Beck's cognitive triad-Beck's cognitive model of depression-Cognitive distortions Beck proposes that those with depression develop cognitive distortions, a type of cognitive bias sometimes also referred to as faulty or unhelpful thinking patterns. Beck referred to some of these biases as "automatic thoughts", suggestin... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Beck's cognitive triad-Beck's cognitive model of depression-Selective abstraction - drawing conclusions on the basis of just one of many elements of a situation.
Overgeneralisation - making sweeping conclusions based on a single event.
Magnification - exaggerating the importance of an undesirable event.
Minimisation - ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Beck's cognitive triad-Beck's cognitive model of depression-Personalisation - attributing negative feelings of others to oneself.Depressed people view their lives as devoid of pleasure or reward, presenting insuperable obstacles to achieving their important goals. This is often manifested as a lack of motivation and le... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Beck's cognitive triad-Beck's cognitive model of depression-Negative self-schemata Beck also believed that a depressed person will, often from childhood experiences, hold a negative self-schema. This schema may originate from negative early experiences, such as criticism, abuse or bullying. Beck suggests that people wi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Beck's cognitive triad-Measuring aspects of the triad-A number of instruments have been developed to attempt to measure negative cognition in the three areas of the triad. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a well-known questionnaire for scoring depression based on all three aspects of the triad. Other examples inc... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
GPS2 (gene)-GPS2 (gene)-G protein pathway suppressor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPS2 gene. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
GPS2 (gene)-Function-This gene encodes a protein involved in G protein-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades. When overexpressed in mammalian cells, this gene could potently suppress a RAS- and MAPK-mediated signal and interfere with JNK activity, suggesting that the function of this gene may be si... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
GPS2 (gene)-Interactions-GPS2 (gene) has been shown to interact with: | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Datanet-Datanet-DataNet, or Sustainable Digital Data Preservation and Access Network Partner was a research program of the U.S. National Science Foundation Office of Cyberinfrastructure. The office announced a request for proposals with this title on September 28, 2007. The lead paragraph of its synopsis describes the ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Datanet-Datanet-The introduction in the solicitation goes on to say: Chapter 3 (Data, Data Analysis, and Visualization) of NSF’s Cyberinfrastructure Vision for 21st century Discovery presents a vision in which “science and engineering digital data are routinely deposited in well-documented form, are regularly and easil... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Datanet-Datanet-The initial plan called for a $100 million initiative: five awards of $20 million each over five years with the possibility of continuing funding. Awards were given in two rounds. In the first round, for which full proposals were due on March 21, 2008, two DataNet proposals were awarded. DataONE, led by... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Datanet-Datanet-For the second round, preliminary proposals were due on October 6, 2008, and full proposals on February 16, 2009. Awards from the second round were greatly delayed, and funding was reduced substantially from $20 million per project to $8 million. Funding for three second round projects began in Fall 201... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Hot and cold cognition-Hot cognition is a hypothesis on motivated reasoning in which a person's thinking is influenced by their emotional state. Put simply, hot cognition is cognition coloured by emotion. Hot cognition contrasts with cold cognition, which implies cognitive processing of informati... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Hot and cold cognition-Hot and cold cognition form a dichotomy within executive functioning. Executive functioning has long been considered as a domain general cognitive function, but there has been support for separation into "hot" affective aspects and "cold" cognitive aspects. It is recognized... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Development and neuroanatomy-Performance on hot and cold tasks improves most rapidly during the preschool years, but continues into adolescence. This co-occurs with both structural and functional development associated with the prefrontal cortex. Specific areas within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Marketing-In marketing research, an audience's energy takes the form of psychological heat: hot cognition is an emotional thought process and cold cognition is a cognitive thought process. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Assessment-This section explains the most common tasks that are used to measure hot and cold cognitive functioning. The cool tasks are neutrally affective and measure executive function abilities such as cognitive flexibility and working memory. In other words, there is nothing to be gained or lo... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Assessment-Hot function tasks Iowa gambling task In the Iowa gambling task participants are initially given $2,000 facsimile dollars and asked to win as much money as possible. They are presented with four decks of cards that represent either a gain or loss in money. One card from each deck is dr... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Assessment-Delay of gratification Studies have been conducted on the concept of delay of gratification to test whether or not people are capable of waiting to receive a reward in order to increase the value of the reward. In these experiments, participants can choose to either take the reward the... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Assessment-Neutral versus negative syllogisms tasks The influence that beliefs can have on logical reasoning may vary as a result of emotions during cognitive processes. When presented with neutral content, this will typically lead to the exhibition of the belief-bias effect. In contrast, content... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Assessment-Cold function tasks The cool tasks are neutrally affective and measure executive function abilities such as cognitive flexibility and working memory. In other words, there is nothing to be gained or lost by performing these tasks. The hot tasks also measure executive function, but thes... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Assessment-Self Ordered Pointing In this task an array of items is presented to participants. The position of these items then randomly changes from trial to trial. Participants are instructed to point to one of these items, but then asked to not point to that same item again. In order to perform... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Assessment-Wisconsin Card Sort Task (WCST) The Wisconsin Card Sort Task requires participants to sort stimulus cards that differ in dimensions (shape, colour, or number). However, they are not told how to sort them. The only feedback they receive is whether or not a match is correct. Participants... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Assessment-Dimensional Change Card Sort Task (DCCS) Participants are required to sort stimulus cards based on either shape or colour. They are first instructed to sort based on one dimension (colour) in a trial, and then it switches to the other (shape) in the following trial. "Switch" trials are... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hot and cold cognition-Recent evidence-Research has demonstrated emotional manipulations on decision making processes. Participants who are induced with enthusiasm, anger or distress (different specific emotions) responded in different ways to the risky-choice problems, demonstrating that hot cognition, as an automatic... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Non-conventional trademark-Non-conventional trademark-A non-conventional trademark, also known as a nontraditional trademark, is any new type of trademark which does not belong to a pre-existing, conventional category of trade mark, and which is often difficult to register, but which may nevertheless fulfill the essent... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Non-conventional trademark-Trends and issues-Certain types of non-conventional trademarks have become more widely accepted in recent times as a result of legislative changes expanding the definition of "trademark". Such developments are the result of international treaties dealing with intellectual property, such as th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Non-conventional trademark-Trends and issues-In the United Kingdom, colours have been granted trademark protection when used in specific, limited contexts such as packaging or marketing. The particular shade of turquoise used on cans of Heinz baked beans can only be used by the H. J. Heinz Company for that product. In ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Non-conventional trademark-Trends and issues-In the United States, it is possible, in some cases, for color alone to function as a trademark. Originally, color was considered not a valid feature to register a trademark Leshen & Sons Rope Co. v. Broderick & Bascom Rope Co., 201 U.S. 166 (1906). Later, with the passage o... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Non-conventional trademark-Trends and issues-The right to exclusive use of a specific color as a trademark on packaging has generally been mixed in U.S. court cases. Specific cases denying color protection include royal blue for ice cream packages (AmBrit Inc. v. Kraft, Inc., 812 F.2d 1531 (11th Cir. 1986), cert. denie... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Non-conventional trademark-Trends and issues-Although scent trademarks (also known as olfactory trademarks or smell trademarks), are sometimes specifically mentioned in legislative definitions of "trademark", it is often difficult to register such marks if consistent, non-arbitrary and meaningful graphic representation... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Non-conventional trademark-Trends and issues-One example of a shape trademark recognized in Europe is the protection granted to Toblerone, a company which manufactures chocolate bars with a distinctive triangular shape.Presenting further difficulties are entirely new types of marks which, despite growing commercial ado... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Non-conventional trademark-Decisions on non-conventional trademarks-Owens-Corning Owens-Corning was issued a trademark for the color pink used to color its fiberglass batting insulation product. The decision was based upon the fact that the company had been emphasizing the pink color of its insulation for decades, had ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Non-conventional trademark-Decisions on non-conventional trademarks-Sieckmann In Dr. Ralf Sieckmann vs Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt (case C-273/00), a judgement of the European Court of Justice issued on December 12, 2002, the ECJ held in relation to trademarks in the European Community that: Article 2 of Council Di... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Non-conventional trademark-Decisions on non-conventional trademarks-In respect of an olfactory sign, the requirements of graphic representability are not satisfied by a chemical formula, by a description in written words, by the deposit of an odour sample or by a combination of those elements. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Defeat device-Defeat device-A defeat device is any motor vehicle hardware, software, or design that interferes with or disables emissions controls under real-world driving conditions, even if the vehicle passes formal emissions testing. The term appears in the US Clean Air Act and European Union regulations, to describ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Defeat device-Timeline-1970s In 1973 the Big 3 Detroit automakers, Chrysler, Ford Motor Company and General Motors, along with import brand Toyota, were ordered by the EPA to stop using ambient temperature switches which disabled pollution controls at low temperatures. The automakers agreed to cease using the ambient t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Defeat device-Timeline-1990s In 1995, General Motors was ordered to recall 470,000 model year 1991 through 1995 Cadillacs and pay an $11 million fine for programming the car's electronic control unit (ECU) to enrich the fuel mixture any time the car's air conditioning or cabin heat was operating, since the EPA tests ar... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Defeat device-Timeline-2000s In 2000 the German motorcycle magazine Motorrad reported about a defeat device delivered with the BMW F 650 GS. BMW responded by issuing an improved injection as of 2001 and calling back the models from the previous year. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Defeat device-Timeline-2010s In late 2015, the EPA discovered that software used in millions of Volkswagen Group turbocharged direct injection (TDI) diesel engines included features intended to produce misleading results during laboratory emissions testing.On 10 October 2015, Consumer Reports tested a 2015 Jetta TDI an... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antonella Zanna-Antonella Zanna-Antonella Zanna Munthe-Kaas is an Italian applied mathematician and numerical analyst whose research includes work on numerical integration of differential equations and applications to medical imaging. She is a professor and head of the mathematics department at the University of Bergen... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antonella Zanna-Education-Zanna was born in Molfetta, in southern Italy, and earned a degree in mathematics from the University of Bari.
She completed her PhD in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at the University of Cambridge in 1998. Her dissertation, Numerical Solution of Isospectral Flow... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antonella Zanna-Recognition-Zanna won the Second Prize in the Leslie Fox Prize for Numerical Analysis in 1997.
She is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antonella Zanna-Personal life-Zanna married to Norwegian mathematician Hans Munthe-Kaas in 1997; they have two children and a dog. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Technical peer review-Technical peer review-In engineering, technical peer review is a well defined review process for finding and correcting defects conducted by a team of peers with assigned roles. Technical peer reviews are carried out by peers representing areas of life cycle affected by material being reviewed (us... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Technical peer review-Overview-The purpose of a technical peer review is to remove defects as early as possible in the development process. By removing defects at their origin (e.g., requirements and design documents, test plans and procedures, software code, etc.), technical peer reviews prevent defects from propagati... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Technical peer review-Overview-In CMMI, peer reviews are used as a principal means of verification in the Verification process area and as an objective evaluation method in the Process and Product Quality Assurance process area. The results of technical peer reviews can be reported at milestone reviews. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
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