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Anatomical terms of bone-Features of long bones-Internal regions Internal and external The cortex of a bone is used to refer to its outer layers, and medulla used to refer to the inner surface of the bone.
Red marrow, in which blood is formed is present in spongy bone as well as in the medullary cavity, while the fatty... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cosmic latte-Cosmic latte-Cosmic latte is the average color of the universe as perceived from the Earth, found by a team of astronomers from Johns Hopkins University (JHU). In 2002, Karl Glazebrook and Ivan Baldry determined that the average color of the universe was a greenish white, but they soon corrected their anal... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cosmic latte-Discovery of the color-Finding the average color of the universe was not the focus of the study. Rather, the study examined spectral analysis of different galaxies to study star formation. Like Fraunhofer lines, the dark lines displayed in the study's spectral ranges display older and younger stars and all... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cosmic latte-Discovery of the color-As light from distant galaxies reaches the Earth, the average "color of the universe" (as seen from Earth) tends towards pure white, due to the light coming from the stars when they were much younger and bluer. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cosmic latte-Discovery of the color-Naming the color The corrected color was initially published on the Johns Hopkins News website and updated on the team's initial announcement. Multiple news outlets, including NPR and BBC, displayed the color in stories and some relayed the request by Glazebrook on the announcement a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Familial amyloid cardiomyopathy-Familial amyloid cardiomyopathy-Familial amyloid cardiomyopathy (FAC), or transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) results from the aggregation and deposition of mutant and wild-type transthyretin (TTR) protein in the heart. TTR is usually circulated as a homo-tetramer—a protein ma... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Familial amyloid cardiomyopathy-Types-There are two types of ATTR-CM: Hereditary (hATTR-CM) and wild type (wATTR-CM).Both mutant and wild-type transthyretin comprise the aggregates because the TTR blood protein is a tetramer composed of mutant and wild-type TTR subunits in heterozygotes. Several mutations in TTR are as... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Familial amyloid cardiomyopathy-Presentation-The onset of FAC caused by aggregation of the V122I mutation and wild-type TTR, and senile systemic amyloidosis caused by the exclusive aggregation of wild-type TTR, typically occur after age 60. Greater than 40% of these patients present with carpal tunnel syndrome before d... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Familial amyloid cardiomyopathy-Management-Although not based on a human clinical trial, the only currently accepted disease-modifying therapeutic strategy available for familial amyloid cardiomyopathy is a combined liver and heart transplant. Treatments aimed at symptom relief are available, and include diuretics, pac... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Allantoic acid-Allantoic acid-Allantoic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula C4H8N4O4. It is a crystalline acid obtained by hydrolysis of allantoin.
In nature, allantoic acid is produced from allantoin by the enzyme allantoinase (encoded by the gene AllB (Uniprot: P77671) in Escherichia coli and other ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antibiotic misuse-Antibiotic misuse-Antibiotic misuse, sometimes called antibiotic abuse or antibiotic overuse, refers to the misuse or overuse of antibiotics, with potentially serious effects on health. It is a contributing factor to the development of antibiotic resistance, including the creation of multidrug-resista... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antibiotic misuse-History of antibiotic regulation-Antibiotics have been around since 1928 when penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming. In the 1980s, antibiotics that were determined medically important for treatment of animals could be approved under veterinary oversight. In 1996, the National Antimicrobial Re... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antibiotic misuse-Instances of antibiotic misuse-Antibiotics treats bacterial infections rather than viral infections.
Common situations in which antibiotics are overused include the following: Apparent viral respiratory illness in children should not be treated with antibiotics. If there is a diagnosis of bacterial in... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antibiotic misuse-Social and economic impact of antibiotic misuse-Antibiotics can cause severe reactions and add significantly to the cost of care. In the United States, antibiotics and anti-infectives are the leading cause of adverse effect from drugs. In a study of 32 States in 2011, antibiotics and anti-infectives a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antibiotic misuse-Antibiotic resistance-Though antibiotics are required to treat severe bacterial infections, misuse has contributed to a rise in bacterial resistance. The overuse of fluoroquinolone and other antibiotics fuels antibiotic resistance in bacteria, which can inhibit the treatment of antibiotic-resistant in... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antibiotic misuse-Inappropriate use-Human health Antibiotics have no effect on viral infections such as the common cold. They are also ineffective against sore throats, which are usually viral and self-resolving. Most cases of bronchitis (90–95%) are viral as well, passing after a few weeks—the use of antibiotics again... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antibiotic misuse-Inappropriate use-Common examples of avoidable antibiotic misuse in clinics 1) Unadequate dosing; 2) unnecessary wide spectrum; 3) unnecessary double anaerobic coverage; 4) limited intravenous-to-oral shift; 5) unnecessary long antibiotic therapy duration; 6) limited access to outpatient parenteral an... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antibiotic misuse-Inappropriate use-Debates have arisen surrounding the extent of the impact of these antibiotics, particularly antimicrobial growth promoters, on human antibiotic resistance. Although some sources assert that there remains a lack of knowledge on which antibiotic use generates the most risk to humans, p... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antibiotic misuse-Inappropriate use-Resistant germs from the animal gut can also get into the environment, like water and soil, from animal manure. If animal manure or water containing resistant germs are used on fruits, vegetables, or other produce as fertilizer or irrigation, then this can spread resistant germs. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Coumachlor-Coumachlor-Coumachlor is a first generation anticoagulant rodenticide which blocks formation of prothrombin and inhibits blood coagulation causing death by internal haemorrhage. The chemical can be absorbed through the skin. The symptoms of human contact can be nosebleeds, bleeding gums, bloody urine, extens... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Wigner fusion-Wigner fusion-The Wigner fusion research groups are involved in magnetically confined nuclear fusion experiments around the world. Wigner fusion consists of research groups from four different research institutes and universities, 3 if which are located in the Department of Plasma Physics at the Wigner Re... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Wigner fusion-Wigner fusion-The research groups of Wigner fusion: Pellet and Video Diagnostics Group, Wigner RCP ITER and Fusion Diagnostics Group, Wigner RCP Beam Emission Spectroscopy Group, Wigner RCP Fusion Research Group, BME NTI | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Constrained optimization-In mathematical optimization, constrained optimization (in some contexts called constraint optimization) is the process of optimizing an objective function with respect to some variables in the presence of constraints on those variables. The objective function is either... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Relation to constraint-satisfaction problems-The constrained-optimization problem (COP) is a significant generalization of the classic constraint-satisfaction problem (CSP) model. COP is a CSP that includes an objective function to be optimized. Many algorithms are used to handle the optimizati... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-General form-A general constrained minimization problem may be written as follows: min for Equality constraints for Inequality constraints where gi(x)=cifori=1,…,n and hj(x)≥djforj=1,…,m are constraints that are required to be satisfied (these are called hard constraints), and f(x) is the ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-Many constrained optimization algorithms can be adapted to the unconstrained case, often via the use of a penalty method. However, search steps taken by the unconstrained method may be unacceptable for the constrained problem, leading to a lack of convergence. This is referred ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-Equality constraints Substitution method For very simple problems, say a function of two variables subject to a single equality constraint, it is most practical to apply the method of substitution. The idea is to substitute the constraint into the objective function to create a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-Inequality constraints With inequality constraints, the problem can be characterized in terms of the geometric optimality conditions, Fritz John conditions and Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions, under which simple problems may be solvable. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-Linear programming If the objective function and all of the hard constraints are linear and some hard constraints are inequalities, then the problem is a linear programming problem. This can be solved by the simplex method, which usually works in polynomial time in the problem ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-Nonlinear programming If the objective function or some of the constraints are nonlinear, and some constraints are inequalities, then the problem is a nonlinear programming problem.
Quadratic programming If all the hard constraints are linear and some are inequalities, but the ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-Branch and bound Constraint optimization can be solved by branch-and-bound algorithms. These are backtracking algorithms storing the cost of the best solution found during execution and using it to avoid part of the search. More precisely, whenever the algorithm encounters a pa... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-Assuming that cost is to be minimized, the efficiency of these algorithms depends on how the cost that can be obtained from extending a partial solution is evaluated. Indeed, if the algorithm can backtrack from a partial solution, part of the search is skipped. The lower the es... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-On the other hand, this estimated cost cannot be lower than the effective cost that can be obtained by extending the solution, as otherwise the algorithm could backtrack while a solution better than the best found so far exists. As a result, the algorithm requires an upper boun... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-A variation of this approach called Hansen's method uses interval methods. It inherently implements rectangular constraints. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-First-choice bounding functions One way for evaluating this upper bound for a partial solution is to consider each soft constraint separately. For each soft constraint, the maximal possible value for any assignment to the unassigned variables is assumed. The sum of these values... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-There is similarity between the Russian Doll Search method and dynamic programming. Like dynamic programming, Russian Doll Search solves sub-problems in order to solve the whole problem. But, whereas Dynamic Programming directly combines the results obtained on sub-problems to ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-Bucket elimination The bucket elimination algorithm can be adapted for constraint optimization. A given variable can be indeed removed from the problem by replacing all soft constraints containing it with a new soft constraint. The cost of this new constraint is computed assumi... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Constrained optimization-Solution methods-Bucket elimination works with an (arbitrary) ordering of the variables. Every variable is associated a bucket of constraints; the bucket of a variable contains all constraints having the variable has the highest in the order. Bucket elimination proceed from the last variable to... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Geometric networks-Geometric networks-A geometric network is an object commonly used in geographic information systems to model a series of interconnected features. A geometric network is similar to a graph in mathematics and computer science, and can be described and analyzed using theories and concepts similar to gra... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Geometric networks-Composition of a Geometric Network-A geometric network is composed of edges that are connected. Connectivity rules for the network specify which edges are connected and at what points they are connected, commonly referred to as junction or intersection points. These edges can have weights or flow dir... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Geometric networks-Functions-Networks define the interconnectedness of features. Through analyzing this connectivity, paths from one point to another on the network can be traced and calculated. Through optimization algorithms and utilizing network weights and flow, these paths can also be optimized to show specialized... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Geometric networks-Applications-Routing: for calculating driving directions, paths from one point of interest to another, locating nearby points of interest Urban Planning: for site suitability studies, and traffic and congestion studies.
Electric Utility Industry: for modeling an electrical grid in GIS, tracing from a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Rasmussen's encephalitis-Rasmussen's encephalitis-Rasmussen's encephalitis is a rare inflammatory neurological disease, characterized by frequent and severe seizures, loss of motor skills and speech, hemiparesis (weakness on one side of the body), encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and dementia. The illness affe... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Rasmussen's encephalitis-Signs and symptoms-The condition mostly affects children, with an average age of 6 years. However, one in ten people with the condition develops it in adulthood.There are two main stages, sometimes preceded by a 'prodromal stage' of a few months. In the acute stage, lasting four to eight months... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Rasmussen's encephalitis-Pathophysiology-In Rasmussen's encephalitis, there is chronic inflammation of the brain, with infiltration of T lymphocytes into the brain tissue. In most cases, this affects only one cerebral hemisphere, either the left or the right. This inflammation causes permanent damage to the cells of th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Rasmussen's encephalitis-Pathophysiology-The cause of the inflammation is not known: infection by a virus has been suggested, but the evidence for this is inconclusive. In the 1990s it was suggested that auto-antibodies against the glutamate receptor GluR3 were important in causing the disease, but this is no longer th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Rasmussen's encephalitis-Diagnosis-The diagnosis may be made on the clinical features alone, along with tests to rule out other possible causes. An EEG will usually show the electrical features of epilepsy and slowing of brain activity in the affected hemisphere, and MRI brain scans will show gradual shrinkage of the a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Rasmussen's encephalitis-Treatment-During the acute stage, treatment is aimed at reducing the inflammation. As in other inflammatory diseases, steroids may be used first of all, either as a short course of high-dose treatment, or in a lower dose for long-term treatment. Intravenous immunoglobulin is also effective both... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Rasmussen's encephalitis-History-It is named for the neurosurgeon Theodore Rasmussen (1910–2002), who succeeded Wilder Penfield as head of the Montreal Neurological Institute, and served as Neurosurgeon-in-Chief at the Royal Victoria Hospital. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Rasmussen's encephalitis-Society-The Hemispherectomy Foundation was formed in 2008 to assist families with children who have Rasmussen's encephalitis and other conditions that require hemispherectomy.The RE Children's Project was founded in 2010 to increase awareness of Rasmussen's encephalitis. Its primary purpose is ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Hip examination-In medicine, physiotherapy, chiropractic, and osteopathy the hip examination, or hip exam, is undertaken when a patient has a complaint of hip pain and/or signs and/or symptoms suggestive of hip joint pathology. It is a physical examination maneuver. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Examination steps-The hip examination, like all examinations of the joints, is typically divided into the following sections: | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Palpation-Motion Special maneuversThe middle three steps are often remembered with the saying look, feel, move.
Position/lighting/draping Position – for most of the exam the patient should be supine and the bed or examination table should be flat. The patient's hands should remain at their sides with th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Palpation-Inspection Inspection done while the patient is standing Look Front and back of pelvis/hips and legs and comment on Ischaemic or trophic changes· Level of ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine) Swelling (soft tissue, bony swellings) Scars (old injuries, previous surgery) Sinuses (infection, neu... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Palpation-Apparent leg length – umbilicus or xiphisternum (noting which is used) to the medial malleolus of ipsilateral leg.In hip fractures the affected leg is often shortened and externally rotated.
Palpation The hip joint lies deep inside the body and cannot normally be directly palpated.
To assess f... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Movement-Internal rotation – with knee and hip both flexed at 90 degrees the ankle is abducted.
External rotation – with knee and hip both flexed at 90 degrees the ankle is adducted. (also done with the Patrick's test / FABER test) Flexion (also known as the Gaenslen's test) Extension – done with the pa... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Special maneuvers-Trendelenburg test/sign:Make sure pelvis is horizontal by palpating ASIS.
Ask patient to stand on one leg and then on the other.
Assess any pelvic tilt by keeping an index finger on each ASIS.
Normal (Trendelenburg negative): In the one-legged stance, the unsupported side of the pelvis... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Special maneuvers-Assisted Trendlenburg test If balance is a problem, face the patient and ask them to place their hands on yours to support him/her as he/she does alternate one-legged stance. Increased asymmetrical pressure on one hand indicates a positive Trendelenburg test, on the side of the abnorma... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Special maneuvers-Ask the patient to stand with heels together and hands by the side. Ask the patient to close his/her eyes and observe for swaying for about 10seconds.
Most people sway a bit but then quickly decrease the amplitude of swaying. If however, the swaying is not corrected, or the patient ope... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Special maneuvers-When doing this test, stand facing the patient with your arms outstretched and hands are at the level of the patient's shoulders to catch or stabilise him/her in case of a positive Romberg's test.Ober's test for tight ITB (IlioTibial Band, also called IlioTibial Tract) performed with p... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Special maneuvers-Thomas test for tight hip flexors both performed by the provider holding the unaffected leg to the chest and leaving the affected leg on the table. If the affected leg cannot lie flat on the table it is a positive test.
the Kendall test is similar, but the patient holds the unaffected ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Special maneuvers-Rectus Femoris Contracture test for tight rectus femoris performed like Thomas test, but with the affected leg bent off the end of a table. a positive test is indicated if the thigh is not parallel with the table.Kaltenborn test or Hip Lag Sign for hip abductor function. To perform the... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Hip examination-Other tests-A knee examination should be undertaken in the ipsilateral knee to rule-out knee pathology. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
BEX4-BEX4-Brain expressed, X-linked 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BEX4 gene.This gene is a member of the brain expressed X-linked gene family. Proteins encoded by other members of this family act as transcription elongation factors that allow RNA polymerase II to escape pausing during elongation. Mult... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
NqrA-Marinomonas RNA motif-NqrA-Marinomonas RNA motif-The nqrA-Marinomonas RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics.nqrA-Marinomonas motif RNAs are found in Marinomonas. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
NqrA-Marinomonas RNA motif-NqrA-Marinomonas RNA motif-All known nqrA-Marinomonas RNAs are found upstream of "nqr" operons whose genes encode subunits of the sodium-translocating NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, whose function is suspected to be to allow marine bacteria to form a sodium gradient. The name of the RNA motif i... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Computer-based test interpretation in psychological assessment-Computer-based test interpretation in psychological assessment-Computer-based test interpretation (CBTI) programs are technological tools that have been commonly used to interpret data in psychological assessments since the 1960s. CBTI programs are used for... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Computer-based test interpretation in psychological assessment-History-Computerized testing methods were first introduced over 60 years ago. The first program able to interpret computerized assessment data was developed in 1962 at the Mayo Clinic. The program was used to evaluate MMPI data from hospital patients and ge... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Computer-based test interpretation in psychological assessment-Present status-Currently, CBTI programs fall into one of two categories: actuarial assessment programs or automated assessment programs. Actuarial assessment programs are based on statistical or actuarial prediction (e.g., statistical analyses, linear regre... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Computer-based test interpretation in psychological assessment-Reliability-The ability for CBTIs to eliminate human-error is considered a benefit, and as a result reliability of CBTIs is considered to be better than those of clinician interpretations. However, CBTIs have demonstrated poor reliability. Research regardin... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Computer-based test interpretation in psychological assessment-Validity-Research on the validity of CBTIs tends to utilize three types of studies: external criterion studies (comparing the CBTI report to some external criterion measure of the construct, such as a self-report or behavioral measure), consumer satisfactio... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Computer-based test interpretation in psychological assessment-Strengths and weaknesses-CBTI programs can be found for nearly every type of personality assessment available today. CBTI programs arguably have many benefits over traditional hand-scored assessments and clinician interpretations which may contribute to the... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Computer-based test interpretation in psychological assessment-Strengths and weaknesses-Despite these benefits, there are significant limitations of CBTIs to consider. For example, CBTI reports may suggest an unwarranted impression of scientific precision and reports may be too general to provide differential informati... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Computer-based test interpretation in psychological assessment-Future-As our healthcare system and society as a whole becomes increasingly reliant on technology, it is inevitable that the availability and use of CBTI software will also expand. The potential of the internet for extending the use of CBTIs has been recogn... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Nickel manganese oxide-Nickel manganese oxide-Nickel manganese oxides, or nickel manganates, are spinel structure compounds of Nickel, Manganese and Oxygen of the form: Ni(x)Mn(3-x)O(y)Some common forms are Ni2MnO4, NiMn2O4, and Ni1.5Mn1.5O4They are most commonly formulated for use in thin film resistors and thermistor... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Nickel manganese oxide-Nickel manganese oxide-Although nickel manganates exhibit ferromagnetic behaviour at low temperatures, they have a paramagnetic behavior at room temperature. The magnetic behavior depends on the cation distribution and spin alignment among them. In nickel manganates, the Ni2+ and Mn4+ ions have a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Overdrafting-Overdrafting-Overdrafting is the process of extracting groundwater beyond the equilibrium yield of an aquifer. Groundwater is one of the largest sources of fresh water and is found underground. The primary cause of groundwater depletion is the excessive pumping of groundwater up from underground aquifers. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Overdrafting-Overdrafting-There are two sets of yields: safe yield and sustainable yield. Safe yield is the amount of groundwater that can be withdrawn over a period of time without exceeding the long-term recharge rate or affecting the aquifer integrity. Sustainable yield is the amount of water extraction that can be ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Overdrafting-Mechanism-When groundwater is extracted from an aquifer, a cone of depression is created around the well. As the drafting of water continues, the cone increases in radius. Extracting too much water (overdrafting) can lead to negative impacts such as a drop of the water table, land subsidence, and loss of s... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Overdrafting-Mechanism-Since every groundwater basin recharges at a different rate depending on precipitation, vegetative cover, and soil conservation practices, the quantity of groundwater that can be safely pumped varies greatly among regions of the world and even within provinces. Some aquifers require a very long t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Overdrafting-Around the world-This ranking is based on the amount of groundwater each country uses for agriculture. This issue is becoming significant in the United States (most notably in California), but it has been an ongoing problem in other parts of the world, such as was documented in Punjab, India, in 1987. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Overdrafting-Around the world-United States In the U.S., an estimated 800 km3 of groundwater was depleted during the 20th century. The development of cities and other areas of highly concentrated water usage has created a strain on groundwater resources. In post-development scenarios, interactions between surface water... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Overdrafting-Accelerated decline in subterranean reservoirs-According to a 2013 report by research hydrologist Leonard F. Konikow at the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer between 2001–2008 is about 32% of the cumulative depletion during the entire 20th century. In the United ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Overdrafting-Environmental impacts-The environmental impacts of overdrafting include: Groundwater-related subsidence: the collapse of land due to lack of support (from the water that is being depleted). The first recorded case of land subsidence was in the 1940s. Land subsidence can be as little as local land collapsin... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Overdrafting-Environmental impacts-Lowering of the water table, which makes water harder to reach streams and rivers Reduction of water volume in streams and lakes because their supply of water is being diminished by surface water recharging the aquifers Impacts on animals that depend on streams and lakes for food, wat... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Overdrafting-Socio-economic effects-Scores of countries are overpumping aquifers as they struggle to satisfy their growing water needs, including each of the big three grain producers: China, India, and the United States. These three, along with several other countries where water tables are falling, are home to more t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Overdrafting-Possible solutions-Since recharge is the natural replenishment of water, artificial recharge is the man-made replenishment of groundwater, though there is only a limited amount of suitable water available for replenishing.In areas where recharge alone will not work, decreased water use can also be used. No... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Cracking the Particle Code of the Universe: The Hunt for the Higgs Boson-Cracking the Particle Code of the Universe: The Hunt for the Higgs Boson-Cracking the Particle Code of the Universe: The Hunt for the Higgs Boson is a 2014 popular science book by Canadian physicist John Moffat. The first half of the book gives th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase-Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase-Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.86, SHIP, p150Ship) is an enzyme with systematic name 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphohydrolase, that has two isoform... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Crotamiton-Crotamiton-Crotamiton is a drug that is used both as a scabicidal (for treating scabies) and as a general antipruritic (anti-itching drug). It is a prescription, lotion-based medicine that is applied to the whole body to get rid of the scabies parasite that burrows under the skin and causes itching. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Crotamiton-Use-For treating scabies, crotamiton should be applied to the whole body rather than a localized area. It is applied two or three times, with a 24-hour delay between applications, and the patient is asked to take a shower no sooner than after 48 hours. For children under 3 years, it is applied once daily. It... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Crotamiton-Pharmacology-Crotamiton is toxic to the scabies mite. It probably acts as a general antipruritic by inhibition of TRPV4, a sensory ion channel that is expressed in the skin and primary sensory neurons. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Crotamiton-Pharmacokinetics-After topical application, crotamiton is absorbed systemically. It has an elimination half-life of 30.9 hours and 4.8-8.8% is excreted in the urine. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Crotamiton-Side effects-The most common side effect of crotamiton is skin irritation. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Crotamiton-Trade name-Crotamiton is marketed under the trade names Eurax, which is manufactured by Ranbaxy Laboratories in the United States, and GlaxoSmithKline in the United Kingdom, and Euracin, which is manufactured by Green Cross in South Korea. In Germany, it is marketed under the brand name Crotamitex. In India,... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
GigaMesh Software Framework-GigaMesh Software Framework-The GigaMesh Software Framework is a free and open-source software for display, editing and visualization of 3D-data typically acquired with structured light or structure from motion.It provides numerous functions for analysis of archaeological objects like cuneif... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
GigaMesh Software Framework-GigaMesh Software Framework-The retrieval of text in 3D like damaged cuneiform tablets or weathered medieval headstones using Multi Scale Integral Invariant (MSII) filtering is a core function of the software. Furthermore, small or faint surface details like fingerprints can be visualized. T... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
GigaMesh Software Framework-Name and logo-The name "GigaMesh" refers to the processing of large 3D-datasets and relates intentionally to the mythical Sumerian king Gilgamesh and his heroic epic described on a set of clay tablets.: 115 The central element of the logo is the cuneiform sign 𒆜 (kaskal) meaning street or ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
GigaMesh Software Framework-Development and application in research projects-The development began in 2009 and was inspired by the edition project Keilschrifttexte aus Assur literarischen Inhalts (KAL, cuneiform texts with literary content) of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. In parallel it was applie... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
GigaMesh Software Framework-Development and application in research projects-The Scanning for Syria (SfS) project of the Leiden University used GigaMesh in 2018 for 3D reconstruction of molds of tablets lost in ar-Raqqa, Syria based on Micro-CT-scans. As a follow-up project the TU Delft acquired further Micro-CT-scans ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
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