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GigaMesh Software Framework-Development and application in research projects-In May 2020 the SfS project won the European Union Prize for Cultural Heritage of the Europa Nostra in the category research.A first version (190416) for Windows was released in preparation for presentations about new functions shown at the in... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
GigaMesh Software Framework-Development and application in research projects-File formats and research data infrastructures Primarily the Polygon File Format is supported and used to store additional information from the processing. This is not possible with the — additionally supported — Wavefront OBJ due to its speci... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Steam exploded fiber-Steam exploded fiber-Steam exploded fiber is a pulping and extraction technique that has been applied to wood and other fibrous organic material. The resulting fibers can be combined with organic polymers to produce fiber composite materials. Alternatively, the fibers, along with other extracted su... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Strip game-Strip games or stripping games are games which have clothing removal as a gameplay element or mechanic. The clothing may be removed to keep score, or as penalty for a loss. Some games are sexualised and the eventual complete loss of clothing is considered part of a usual game in the style of a str... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Notable games-Mahjong Many strip mahjong ( 脱衣麻雀 （ だついマージャン ）, datsui mājan) video games have been published, especially by Japanese software companies.
Murchéh daréh "Murcheh dareh che kar konam?" ("There are ants [here], what shall I do?"), or just "Murcheh dareh" (مورچه داره, There Are Ants), is a traditio... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Notable games-Poker Strip poker is a party game and a variation of the traditional poker where players remove clothing when they lose a round. Any form of poker can be adapted to a strip form; however, it is usually played with simple variants with few betting rounds, like five-card draw.Strip poker can be p... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Notable games-Rules The rules of strip poker are flexible and intended to generate an atmosphere of fun in a group of consenting adults. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Notable games-At the beginning of each turn, each player must remove an article of clothing as an ante. If there are two couples playing there should be four shoes in the pot before the cards are dealt. At the outset, one of the articles of clothing is removed from the game permanently. So the winner will re... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Notable games-Strategy In some rule sets, players who fold before the flop are not required to remove clothing. As such, a player who is uncomfortable removing clothing (or, more commonly, a player who does not want to remove all their clothing first) can simply fold very often or every time before the flop,... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Notable games-Strip poker requires a different overall strategy from poker played with betting chips since the maximum loss on a hand of strip poker is (typically) one item of clothing. In a betting environment, a player who stays in the pot with a weak hand is liable to lose many chips in a single hand. In ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Notable games-Another variant uses some sort of betting token, allowing for normal poker strategies. Once a player runs out of tokens, they can "sell" a piece of clothing for more tokens in order to stay in the game. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Notable games-History While it has been suggested that strip poker originated in New Orleans brothels in the United States around the same time as original poker in the 19th century, the term is only attested since 1916. Strip poker most likely began as a prank among boys, and as late as the 1930s, the curre... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Notable games-Media portrayals of strip poker Strip poker games are presented in a number of films, including: Welcome to the Cabin Kicking the Dog American Pie 2 Friday the 13th In Time The WanderersStrip poker based television shows include: Tutti Frutti/Colpo Grosso - (Germany/Italy - 1990) Räsypokka - (s... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Notable games-Strip poker on music video: Music video of "Poker Face" by Lady Gaga - 2009In 1982, an American computer game company, Artworx, produced a Strip Poker game for the Apple II computer. It has been ported to many other computers since then and is still available today. Many others followed. Strip ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Notable games-Yakyūken Popularised by Kinichi Hagimoto (although he later expressed regret) and inspired by contemporary Japanese baseball pep routines — Yakyūken (野球拳) means 'baseball fist' — strip games became a popular fixture of comedy and game shows in the mid-20th century initially in the form of yakyū... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Strip game-Legality-Depending on jurisdiction and the particular circumstances of the game, strip games may encounter regulation on the grounds of clothes-wearing (or not wearing) norms, gaming and gambling, and sexual expression. Additionally, verbally coercing someone to play a strip game is often considered a form o... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Tauopathy-Tauopathy-Tauopathy belongs to a class of neurodegenerative diseases involving the aggregation of tau protein into neurofibrillary or gliofibrillary tangles in the human brain. Tangles are formed by hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule protein known as tau, causing the protein to dissociate from microtubul... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Tauopathy-Detection and imaging-Post-mortem Tau tangles are seen microscopically in stained brain samples.Pre-mortem In living patients tau tangle locations can be imaged with a PET scan using a suitable radio-emissive agent. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Tauopathy-Alzheimer's disease-Neurofibrillary tangles were first described by Alois Alzheimer in one of his patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The tangles are considered a secondary tauopathy. AD is also classified as an amyloidosis because of the presence of senile plaques.When tau becomes hyperphosphorylated, th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Tauopathy-Other diseases-Primary age-related tauopathy (PART) dementia, with NFTs similar to AD, but without amyloid plaques. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Tauopathy-Other diseases-Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) Frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17) Vacuolar tauopathy Lytico-bodig disease (Parkinson-dementia complex of Guam) Ganglioglioma and gangliocytoma Men... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Tauopathy-Research-It is found that activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) mediate inhibition of astroglial-derived nitric oxide (NO), that could be used as a new potential target to blunt tau protein hyperphosphorylation and the consequent related tauopathy in Alzheimer disease (AD). | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
HNRNPA1-HNRNPA1-Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPA1 gene. Mutations in hnRNP A1 are causative of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and the syndrome multisystem proteinopathy. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
HNRNPA1-Function-This gene belongs to the A/B subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are RNA binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA p... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
HNRNPA1-Interactions-hnRNP A1 has been shown to interact with BAT2, Flap structure-specific endonuclease 1 and IκBα. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
HNRNPA1-Role in Viruses-hnRNP A1 is involved in the life cycle of DNA, positive sense RNA, and negative sense RNA viruses are multiple stages post-infection. The proteins role in viral life cycles varies depending on the virus and can even play contradictory roles. In some, it promotes viral replication while in others... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
HNRNPA1-Role in Viruses-hnRNP A1's anti-viral effect is present in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1) cell culture model. hnRNP A1 inhibits the binding of Rex protein to its response element in 3’ long terminal repeat (LTR) of all viral RNAs. Ectopic expression of hnRNP A1 antagonizes post-transcriptional ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
HNRNPA1-Role in Viruses-hnRNP A1's pro-viral effect is present in the Sindbis virus (a positive sense RNA virus) infection model. hnRNP A1 has been found redistributed in the cytoplasmic site of viral replication bound to the 5’ UTR region of the viral RNA, promoting synthesis of negative-strand RNA. hnRNP A1 has a sim... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
HNRNPA1-Role in Viruses-In the case of some viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1), contradictory results have been reported in different research studies. Monette et al. reported increased endogenous expression of hnRNP A1 after HIV-1 infection, as enhanced hnRNPA1 levels were seen as favorable for th... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
HNRNPA1-Role in other disease-Mutations in hnRNP A1 are a cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multisystem proteinopathy.
hnRNP A1 antagonizes cellular senescence and induction of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype by stabilizing Oct-4 and sirtuin 1 mRNAs. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Sinus (botany)-Sinus (botany)-In botany, a sinus is a space or indentation between two lobes or teeth, usually on a leaf. The term is also used in mycology. For example, one of the defining characteristics of North American species in the Morchella elata clade of morels is the presence of a sinus where the cap attaches... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antiestrogen-Antiestrogen-Antiestrogens, also known as estrogen antagonists or estrogen blockers, are a class of drugs which prevent estrogens like estradiol from mediating their biological effects in the body. They act by blocking the estrogen receptor (ER) and/or inhibiting or suppressing estrogen production. Antiest... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antiestrogen-Types and examples-Antiestrogens include selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) like tamoxifen, clomifene, and raloxifene, the ER silent antagonist and selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) fulvestrant, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) like anastrozole, and antigonadotropins including androgens/ana... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antiestrogen-Types and examples-Estrogen receptors (ER) like ERα and ERβ include activation function 1 (AF1) domain and activation function 2 (AF2) domain in which SERMS act as antagonists for the AF2 domain, while “pure” antiestrogens like ICI 182,780 and ICI 164,384 are antagonists for the AF1 and AF2 domains.Althoug... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antiestrogen-Medical uses-Antiestrogens are used for: Estrogen deprivation therapy in the treatment of ER-positive breast cancer Ovulation induction in infertility due to anovulation Male hypogonadism Gynecomastia (breast development in men) A component of hormone replacement therapy for transgender men | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antiestrogen-Side effects-In women, the side effects of antiestrogens include hot flashes, osteoporosis, breast atrophy, vaginal dryness, and vaginal atrophy. In addition, they may cause depression and reduced libido. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antiestrogen-Pharmacology-Antiestrogens act as antagonists of the estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Antiestrogen-History-The first nonsteroidal antiestrogen was discovered by Lerner and coworkers in 1958. Ethamoxytriphetol (MER-25) was the first antagonist of the ER to be discovered, followed by clomifene and tamoxifen. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heinrich Wieland Prize-Heinrich Wieland Prize-The Heinrich Wieland Prize is awarded annually by the Boehringer Ingelheim Foundation for outstanding research on biologically active molecules and systems in the areas of chemistry, biochemistry and physiology as well as their clinical importance.
In 1963, the Margarine In... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Heinrich Wieland Prize-Prize winners-Source: Boehringer Ingelheim Foundation Heinrich Wieland Prize Laureates since 2020 | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Nagare (web framework)-Nagare (web framework)-Nagare is a free and open-source web framework for developing web applications in Stackless Python.Nagare uses a component model inspired by Seaside, and, like Seaside, Nagare uses continuations to provide a framework where the HTTP connectionless request / response cycle d... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
ACS Chemical Neuroscience-ACS Chemical Neuroscience-ACS Chemical Neuroscience is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Chemical Society. It covers research on the molecular underpinnings of nerve function. The journal was established in 2010. The founding editor-in-chief was Craig W. Lind... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
ACS Chemical Neuroscience-Types of content-The journal publishes research letters, articles, and review articles. In addition, specially commissioned articles that describe journal content and advances in neuroscience are solicited. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glucose/fructose/phosphoric acid-Glucose/fructose/phosphoric acid-Glucose/fructose/phosphoric acid (trade name Emetrol) is an over-the-counter antiemetic taken to relieve nausea and vomiting. Made by WellSpring Pharmaceutical Corporation, it was formerly distributed by McNeil Consumer Healthcare. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glucose/fructose/phosphoric acid-History-Emetrol was created by Kinney and Company of Columbus, Indiana and was first used in 1949.It is a phosphorated carbohydrate solution, and comes in syrup form. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Glucose/fructose/phosphoric acid-Contraindications-Since Emetrol contains fructose it is contraindicated for people with hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI). In diabetes patients, it can cause potentially harmful hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar). | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Linear programming decoding-Linear programming decoding-In information theory and coding theory, linear programming decoding (LP decoding) is a decoding method which uses concepts from linear programming (LP) theory to solve decoding problems. This approach was first used by Jon Feldman et al. They showed how the LP ca... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Duvetyne-Duvetyne-Duvetyne, or duvetyn, (also known as Molton and Rokel) is a twill fabric with a velvet-like nap on one side. Duvetyne has a matte finish and its high opacity makes it ideal for blocking light.
It may be woven from cotton, wool, or—in rare cases, mainly in the early 20th century—silk. If made of cotton... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Duvetyne-Duvetyne-In modern times, fire-retardant black duvetyne is commonly used for curtains, for scenery, and to control light spill. Many commercial lighting flags are made from duvetyne. When used in film applications, especially in the eastern United States, duvetyne is also known as "commando cloth".In the first... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Elasticity (cloud computing)-Elasticity (cloud computing)-In distributed system and system resource, elasticity is defined as "the degree to which a system is able to adapt to workload changes by provisioning and de-provisioning resources in an autonomic manner, such that at each point in time the available resources m... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Elasticity (cloud computing)-Example-Let us illustrate elasticity through a simple example of a service provider who wants to run a website on an IaaS cloud. At moment t0 , the website is unpopular and a single machine (most commonly a virtual machine) is sufficient to serve all web users. At moment t1 , the website ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Elasticity (cloud computing)-Example-At time t2 , the website becomes unpopular again. The ten machines that are currently allocated to the website are mostly idle and a single machine would be sufficient to serve the few users who are accessing the website. An elastic system should immediately detect this condition a... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Elasticity (cloud computing)-Purpose-Elasticity aims at matching the amount of resource allocated to a service with the amount of resource it actually requires, avoiding over- or under-provisioning. Over-provisioning, i.e., allocating more resources than required, should be avoided as the service provider often has to ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Elasticity (cloud computing)-Purpose-Under-provisioning, i.e., allocating fewer resources than required, must be avoided, otherwise the service cannot serve its users with a good service. In the above example, under-provisioning the website may make it seem slow or unreachable. Web users eventually give up on accessing... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Elasticity (cloud computing)-Problems-Resources provisioning time One potential problem is that elasticity takes time. A cloud virtual machine (VM) can be acquired at any time by the user; however, it may take up to several minutes for the acquired VM to be ready to use. The VM startup time is dependent on factors, suc... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Elasticity (cloud computing)-Problems-Monitoring elastic applications Elastic applications can allocate and deallocate resources (such as VMs) on demand for specific application components. This makes cloud resources volatile, and traditional monitoring tools which associate monitoring data with a particular resource (... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Elasticity (cloud computing)-Problems-Elasticity requirements When deploying applications in cloud infrastructures (IaaS/PaaS), requirements of the stakeholder need to be considered in order to ensure proper elasticity behavior. Even though traditionally one would try to find the optimal trade-off between cost and qual... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Elasticity (cloud computing)-Problems-Multiple levels of control Cloud applications can be of varying types and complexities, with multiple levels of artifacts deployed in layers. Controlling such structures must take into consideration a variety of issues, an approach in this sense being rSYBL. For multi-level control... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Nanowire lasers-Nanowire lasers-Semiconductor nanowire lasers are nano-scaled lasers that can be embedded on chips and constitute an advance for computing and information processing applications. Nanowire lasers are coherent light sources (single mode optical waveguides) as any other laser device, with the advantage of... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Nanowire lasers-Properties-Nanowire lasers can be grown site-selectively on Si/SOI wafers with conventional MBE techniques, allowing for pristine structural quality without defects. Nanowire lasers using the group-III nitride and ZnO materials systems have been demonstrated to emit in the visible and ultraviolet, howev... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Social viewing-Social viewing-Social viewing (also known as Watch Party or GroupWatch) describes a recently developed practice revolving around the ability for multiple users to aggregate from multiple sources and view online videos together in a synchronized viewing experience.
Typically the experience also involves s... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Social viewing-History-The term in this context originated with the Toronto and Los Angeles-based company View2Gether which has created proprietary technology for aggregating content from sources not controlled by the user for synchronized play and inclusion in common playlists by multiple participants with a commensur... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Social viewing-History-Social viewing has also been used in the past to describe activities such as gathering for the viewing of particular television programs, such as soap operas.Some examples of modern social viewing sites include Twitch, YouTube, Facebook, TikTok, Instagram, Zoom, and Twitter.
It was also officiall... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Social viewing-Social viewing experience-Nowadays we can watch a video while interacting with other people thanks to social viewing and all the resources that it provide us. We can watch a movie while chatting with our friends or discus about a concrete scene. One factor to improve could be the synchronization between ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dimethylformamide-Dimethylformamide-Dimethylformamide is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NC(O)H. Commonly abbreviated as DMF (although this initialism is sometimes used for dimethylfuran, or dimethyl fumarate), this colourless liquid is miscible with water and the majority of organic liquids. DMF is a common... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dimethylformamide-Structure and properties-As for most amides, the spectroscopic evidence indicates partial double bond character for the C-N and C-O bonds. Thus, the infrared spectrum shows a C=O stretching frequency at only 1675 cm−1, whereas a ketone would absorb near 1700 cm−1.DMF is a classic example of a fluxiona... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dimethylformamide-Structure and properties-The ambient temperature 1H NMR spectrum shows two methyl signals, indicative of hindered rotation about the (O)C-N bond. At temperatures near 100 °C, the 500 MHz NMR spectrum of this compound shows only one signal for the methyl groups. DMF is miscible with water. The vapour ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dimethylformamide-Reactions-DMF is hydrolyzed by strong acids and bases, especially at elevated temperatures. With sodium hydroxide, DMF converts to formate and dimethylamine. DMF undergoes decarbonylation near its boiling point to give dimethylamine. Distillation is therefore conducted under reduced pressure at lower ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dimethylformamide-Reactions-Organolithium compounds and Grignard reagents react with DMF to give aldehydes after hydrolysis in a reaction called Bouveault aldehyde synthesis.Dimethylformamide forms 1:1 adducts with a variety of Lewis acids such as the soft acid I2, and the hard acid phenol. It is classified as a hard L... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dimethylformamide-Production-DMF was first prepared in 1893 by the French chemist Albert Verley (8 January 1867 – 27 November 1959), by distilling a mixture of dimethylamine hydrochloride and potassium formate.DMF is prepared by combining methyl formate and dimethylamine or by reaction of dimethylamine with carbon mono... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dimethylformamide-Applications-The primary use of DMF is as a solvent with low evaporation rate. DMF is used in the production of acrylic fibers and plastics. It is also used as a solvent in peptide coupling for pharmaceuticals, in the development and production of pesticides, and in the manufacture of adhesives, synth... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dimethylformamide-Applications-It is also a common catalyst used in the synthesis of acyl halides, in particular the synthesis of acyl chlorides from carboxylic acids using oxalyl or thionyl chloride. The catalytic mechanism entails reversible formation of an imidoyl chloride (also known as the 'Vilsmeier reagent'):DMF... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dimethylformamide-Applications-DMF is used as a solvent to recover olefins such as 1,3-butadiene via extractive distillation.
It is also used in the manufacturing of solvent dyes as an important raw material. It is consumed during reaction.
Pure acetylene gas cannot be compressed and stored without the danger of explos... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dimethylformamide-Safety-Reactions including the use of sodium hydride in DMF as a solvent are somewhat hazardous; exothermic decompositions have been reported at temperatures as low as 26 °C. On a laboratory scale any thermal runaway is (usually) quickly noticed and brought under control with an ice bath and this rema... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Dimethylformamide-Toxicity-The acute LD50 (oral, rats and mice) is 2.2–7.55 g/kg. Hazards of DMF have been examined. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Immediate early gene-Immediate early gene-Immediate early genes (IEGs) are genes which are activated transiently and rapidly in response to a wide variety of cellular stimuli. They represent a standing response mechanism that is activated at the transcription level in the first round of response to stimuli, before any ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Immediate early gene-Immediate early gene-In their role as "gateways to genomic response", many IEG products are natural transcription factors or other DNA-binding proteins. However, other important classes of IEG products include secreted proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, and receptor subunits. Neuronal IEGs are used p... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Immediate early gene-Types-The earliest identified and best characterized IEGs include c-fos, c-myc and c-jun, genes that were found to be homologous to retroviral oncogenes. Thus IEGs are well known as early regulators of cell growth and differentiation signals. However, other findings suggest roles for IEGs in many o... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Immediate early gene-Regulation-Expression of IEGs occurs in response to internal and external cell signals, occurring rapidly without the need to synthesize new transcription factors. The genetic sequences of IEGs are generally shorter in length (~19kb) and exhibit an enrichment of specific transcription factor bindin... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Immediate early gene-Function-Activation of gene transcription is a complex system of signal cascades and recruitment of necessary components such as RNA polymerase and transcription factors. IEGs are often the first responders to regulatory signals with many reaching peak expression within 30 minutes after stimuli com... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Immediate early gene-Clinical significance-Expression of IEGs is involved in neuronal activity and specifically memory formation, neuropsychiatric diseases, and behavioral activities. Immediate early genes present in the brain are associated with a range of functions such as modifying synaptic functions through transie... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Immediate early gene-Clinical significance-Memory consolidation during a learning experience depends on the rapid expression of a set of IEGs in brain neurons. In general, expression of genes often can be epigenetically repressed by the presence of 5-methylcytosine in the DNA promoter regions of the genes. However, in ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Immediate early gene-Clinical significance-Psychiatric disorders Classification and diagnosis of neuropsychiatric illnesses are symptom-based, often exhibiting similar brain activity. Furthermore, the development of psychiatric illnesses is dependent of both genetics and environmental factors, as such, predictive risk ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Immediate early gene-Potential therapeutic applications-Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Human Cytomegalovirus is a prevalent beta herpesvirus that remains in the latent state, going unnoticed in healthy individuals with serious consequences if the individual is immunocompromised. The virus cycles in and out of the latent ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Ethanol fermentation-Ethanol fermentation, also called alcoholic fermentation, is a biological process which converts sugars such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose into cellular energy, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide as by-products. Because yeasts perform this conversion in the absence of oxy... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Biochemical process of fermentation of sucrose-The chemical equations below summarize the fermentation of sucrose (C12H22O11) into ethanol (C2H5OH). Alcoholic fermentation converts one mole of glucose into two moles of ethanol and two moles of carbon dioxide, producing two moles of ATP in the proce... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Biochemical process of fermentation of sucrose-C12H22O11 + H2O + invertase → 2 C6H12O6Next, each glucose molecule is broken down into two pyruvate molecules in a process known as glycolysis. Glycolysis is summarized by the equation: C6H12O6 + 2 ADP + 2 Pi + 2 NAD+ → 2 CH3COCOO− + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Biochemical process of fermentation of sucrose-Related processes Fermentation of sugar to ethanol and CO2 can also be done by Zymomonas mobilis, however the path is slightly different since formation of pyruvate does not happen by glycolysis but instead by the Entner–Doudoroff pathway.
Other microo... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Effect of oxygen-Fermentation does not require oxygen. If oxygen is present, some species of yeast (e.g., Kluyveromyces lactis or Kluyveromyces lipolytica) will oxidize pyruvate completely to carbon dioxide and water in a process called cellular respiration, hence these species of yeast will produc... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Effect of oxygen-However, many yeasts such as the commonly used baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae or fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe under certain conditions, ferment rather than respire even in the presence of oxygen. In wine making this is known as the counter-Pasteur effect. These y... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Bread baking-Ethanol fermentation causes bread dough to rise. Yeast organisms consume sugars in the dough and produce ethanol and carbon dioxide as waste products. The carbon dioxide forms bubbles in the dough, expanding it to a foam. Less than 2% ethanol remains after baking. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Alcoholic beverages-Ethanol contained in alcoholic beverages is produced by means of fermentation induced by yeast. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Alcoholic beverages-Wine is produced by fermentation of the natural sugars present in grapes; cider and perry are produced by similar fermentation of natural sugar in apples and pears, respectively; and other fruit wines are produced from the fermentation of the sugars in any other kinds of fruit. ... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Alcoholic beverages-Mead is produced by fermentation of the natural sugars present in honey. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Alcoholic beverages-Beer, whiskey, and sometimes vodka are produced by fermentation of grain starches that have been converted to sugar by the enzyme amylase, which is present in grain kernels that have been malted (i.e. germinated). Other sources of starch (e.g. potatoes and unmalted grain) may be... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Alcoholic beverages-Rice wines (including sake) are produced by the fermentation of grain starches converted to sugar by the mold Aspergillus oryzae. Baijiu, soju, and shōchū are distilled from the product of such fermentation. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Alcoholic beverages-Rum and some other beverages are produced by fermentation and distillation of sugarcane. Rum is usually produced from the sugarcane product molasses.In all cases, fermentation must take place in a vessel that allows carbon dioxide to escape but prevents outside air from coming i... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Feedstocks for fuel production-Yeast fermentation of various carbohydrate products is also used to produce the ethanol that is added to gasoline. | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Feedstocks for fuel production-The dominant ethanol feedstock in warmer regions is sugarcane. In temperate regions, corn or sugar beets are used.In the United States, the main feedstock for the production of ethanol is currently corn. Approximately 2.8 gallons of ethanol are produced from one bushe... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
Ethanol fermentation-Feedstocks for fuel production-Cassava as ethanol feedstock Ethanol can be made from mineral oil or from sugars or starches. Starches are cheapest. The starchy crop with highest energy content per acre is cassava, which grows in tropical countries.
Thailand already had a large cassava industry in t... | milkshake721/2.1M-wiki-STEM |
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