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"Linearity-In mathematics-Linear polynomials In a different usage to the above definition, a polynomial of degree 1 is said to be linear, because the graph of a function of that form is a straight line.Over the reals, a simple example of a linear equation is given by: y=mx+b where m is often called the slope or gradien... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Monorepo-Monorepo-In version-control systems, a monorepo (\"mono\" meaning 'single' and \"repo\" being short for 'repository') is a software-development strategy in which the code for a number of projects is stored in the same repository. This practice dates back to at least the early 2000s, when it was commonly calle... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Proprietary file format-Proprietary file format-Proprietary formats are typically controlled by a company or organization for its own benefits, and the restriction of its use by others is ensured through patents or as trade secrets. It is thus intended to give the licence holder exclusive control of the technology to ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Not-all-equal 3-satisfiability-Definition-Like 3-satisfiability, an instance of the problem consists of a collection of Boolean variables and a collection of clauses, each of which combines three variables or negations of variables. However, unlike 3-satisfiability, which requires each clause to have at least one true... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cyclotomic unit-Properties-If n is the power of a prime, then \u03b6an \u2212 1 is not a unit; however the numbers (\u03b6an \u2212 1)/(\u03b6n \u2212 1) for (a, n) = 1, and \u00b1\u03b6an generate the group of cyclotomic units.If n is a composite number having two or more distinct prime factors, then \u03b6an \u2212 ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Open-source software-Comparisons with other software licensing/development models-With this market shift, more critical systems are beginning to rely on open-source offerings, allowing greater funding (such as US Department of Homeland Security grants) to help \"hunt for security bugs.\" According to a pilot study of ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bourne shell-Variants-Korn shell The Korn shell (ksh) written by David Korn based on the original Bourne Shell source code, was a middle road between the Bourne shell and the C shell. Its syntax was chiefly drawn from the Bourne shell, while its job control features resembled those of the C shell. The functionality of... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Outliner-File formats-XML - XML's purpose is to aid information systems in sharing structured data HTML/XHTML - outlines relatively trivial thanks to nested markup OPML - simple XML-based format designed for outlines, but also used for syndication feedlists OML - alternative to OPML RDF - (various formats) has web-ori... | large_corpus_distillation |
"and physical characteristics to detect diabetes using a classification decision\ntree model. The primary goal is to identify key predictors of diabetes and develop\nan accurate model for early detection and diagnosis. The study utilized a dataset\ncomprising health metrics (i.e., cholesterol, glucose, HDL cholesterol,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Module (mathematics)-Submodules and homomorphisms-A bijective module homomorphism f : M \u2192 N is called a module isomorphism, and the two modules M and N are called isomorphic. Two isomorphic modules are identical for all practical purposes, differing solely in the notation for their elements." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ordinary least squares-Alternative derivations-Introducing \u03b3^ and a matrix K with the assumption that a matrix [XK] is non-singular and KT X = 0 (cf. Orthogonal projections), the residual vector should satisfy the following equation: := y\u2212X\u03b2^=K\u03b3^.\nThe equation and solution of linear least square... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Nutri-Score-Calculation-On the basis of its calculation algorithm, the system awards 0 to 10 points for energy value and ingredients that should be limited in the diet, i.e.: saturated fatty acids, sugar and salt; and 0 to 5 points for beneficial ingredients whose consumption should be promoted. These are: fiber, prot... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cauchy's theorem (group theory)-Statement and proof-The set that our cyclic group shall act on is the set X={(x1,\u2026,xp)\u2208Gp:x1x2\u22efxp=e} of p-tuples of elements of G whose product (in order) gives the identity. Such a p-tuple is uniquely determined by all its components except the last one, as the last ele... | large_corpus_distillation |
first increases as the number of dimensions or features used is increased but beyond a certain dimensionality it starts deteriorating instead of improving steadily.Nevertheless, in the context of a simple classifier (linear discriminant analysis in the multivariate Gaussian model under the assumption of a common known ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Conversations (software)-Features-Conversations includes optional end-to-end encryption (OpenPGP or OMEMO), and in-transit encryption (Transport Layer Security). The latter must be configured by the server computers involved in the messaging.\nConversations allows users to have multiple client devices (endpoints) logg... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Flow-shop scheduling-Flow-shop scheduling-In the standard three-field notation for optimal-job-scheduling problems, the flow-shop variant is denoted by F in the first field. For example, the problem denoted by \" F3| pij max \" is a 3-machines flow-shop problem with unit processing times, where the goal is to minimize... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cellular multiprocessing-Cellular multiprocessing-There is a concept of creating CPU Partitions in CMPs, e.g. one can create a full partition of 32 processors, Or one can create two partitions of 16 processors each, these two partitions will be visible to the OS installed as two machines. Similarly for 32 processors i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Longest-processing-time-first scheduling-Examples-If the input set is S = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8} and m = 2, then the resulting partition is {8, 5, 4}, {7, 6}. If m = 3, then the resulting 3-way partition is {8}, {7, 4}, {6, 5}." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dice notation-Variations and expansions-Dice pools A number of games including the original Ghostbusters role-playing game, the Storyteller system, and Fantasy Flight Games' Star Wars Roleplaying Games use a system where a dice pool consisting of an indicated number of dice are rolled and the total number of dice whic... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Filters in topology-Preliminaries, notation, and basic notions-This supremum of in Filters \u2061(X) exists if and only if the dual ideal \u03c0(\u222aF)\u2191X is a filter on X.\nThe least upper bound of a family of filters F may fail to be a filter. Indeed, if X contains at least 2 distinct elements then there... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Harmonic distribution-Related distributions-This explains why the normal distribution can be used successfully for certain data sets of ratios.Another related distribution is the log-harmonic law, which is the probability distribution of a random variable whose logarithm follows an harmonic law.\nThis family has an in... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pragma-dialectics-Analyzing and evaluating argumentative discourse-Critical function Starting from the analytical overview, the evaluation of the quality of the argumentative discourse can be performed. In evaluating the arguments that are put forward in the argumentative discourse, the analyst should (1) check whethe... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dynamic discrete choice-Mathematical representation-It is possible to decompose Vnt(xnt) into deterministic and stochastic components: max i{vnit(xnt)+\u03b5nit} where vnit is the value to choosing alternative i at time t and is written as max j{vnjt+1(xnt+1)+\u03b5njt+1}dF(xt+1\u2223xt) where now the expectation ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Radial basis function network-Training-Gradient descent training of the linear weights Another possible training algorithm is gradient descent. In gradient descent training, the weights are adjusted at each time step by moving them in a direction opposite from the gradient of the objective function (thus allowing the ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"SYNTAX-Contextual parsing-The current version of SYNTAX (version 6.0 beta) includes also parser generators for other formalisms, used for natural language processing as well as bio-informatics. These formalisms are context-sensitive formalisms (TAG, RCG or formalisms that rely on context-free grammars and are extended... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gilbert\u2013Varshamov bound for linear codes-Gilbert\u2013Varshamov bound theorem-Theorem: Let q\u2a7e2 . For every 0\u2a7d\u03b4<1\u22121q and 0<\u03b5\u2a7d1\u2212Hq(\u03b4), there exists a code with rate R\u2a7e1\u2212Hq(\u03b4)\u2212\u03b5 and relative distance \u03b4.\nHere Hq is the q-ary entropy function... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bluetooth Low Energy beacon-Bluetooth Low Energy beacon-Bluetooth beacons differ from some other location-based technologies as the broadcasting device (beacon) is only a 1-way transmitter to the receiving smartphone or receiving device, and necessitates a specific app installed on the device to interact with the beac... | large_corpus_distillation |
12 into an odd number of distinct parts, and 7 \u2212 8 = \u22121." | large_corpus_distillation |
"36 (number)-In mathematics-36 is the number of degrees in the interior angle of each tip of a regular pentagram.\nThe thirty-six officers problem is a mathematical puzzle with no solution.The number of possible outcomes (not summed) in the roll of two distinct dice.\n36 is the largest numeric base that some computer s... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pseudorandom generator-Definition-Let A={A:{0,1}n\u2192{0,1}\u2217} be a class of functions.\nThese functions are the statistical tests that the pseudorandom generator will try to fool, and they are usually algorithms.\nSometimes the statistical tests are also called adversaries or distinguishers. The notation in the... | large_corpus_distillation |
the same way as ordinary variance, but witl all expected values conditioned on G.\nSuppose that X is a random variable with E(X2)<\u221e. The conditional variance of X given G is\nvar(X\u2223G)=E([X\u2212E(X\u2223G)]2\u2223\n\u2223G) (4.10.27)\n\u2223\nLike all conditional expected values relative to G, var(X\u2223G) i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Prize home lottery-Notable prize home lotteries-RSL Art Union Prize Home Lottery HGTV Dream Home Lottery Klondike Days Dream Home Lottery " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Time-activity curve-Obtaining the time-activity curve-The concept is explained with an example below. Consider a dynamic image where each table represents an image, obtained at different times, let's say at time t=1 sec, t=2 sec, t=3 sec, t=4 sec, t=5 sec, and t=6 sec. In this image, let's assume, each voxel shows the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Proofs of Fermat's little theorem-Proof as a particular case of Euler's theorem-Applications to Euler's theorem This method can also be used to prove Euler's theorem, with a slight alteration in that the numbers from 1 to p \u2212 1 are substituted by the numbers less than and coprime with some number m (not necessari... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Baum\u2013Welch algorithm-Example-Suppose we have a chicken from which we collect eggs at noon every day. Now whether or not the chicken has laid eggs for collection depends on some unknown factors that are hidden. We can however (for simplicity) assume that the chicken is always in one of two states that influence wh... | large_corpus_distillation |
"RE (complexity)-Relations to other classes-In January of 2020, a preprint announced a proof that RE was equivalent to the class MIP* (the class where a classical verifier interacts with multiple all-powerful quantum provers who share entanglement); a revised, but not yet fully reviewed, proof was published in Communic... | large_corpus_distillation |
have resorted to using RIPA legislation to demand the passwords/keys. In November 2009 a British citizen was convicted under RIPA legislation and jailed for nine months for refusing to provide police investigators with encryption keys to PGP-encrypted files.PGP as a cryptosystem has been criticized for complexity of th... | large_corpus_distillation |
"C preprocessor-Implementations-C99 introduced a few standard #pragma directives, taking the form #pragma STDC ..., which are used to control the floating-point implementation. The alternative, macro-like form _Pragma(...) was also added.\nMany implementations do not support trigraphs or do not replace them by default.... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Law of excluded middle-Examples-Non-constructive proofs over the infinite The above proof is an example of a non-constructive proof disallowed by intuitionists: The proof is non-constructive because it doesn't give specific numbers a and b that satisfy the theorem but only two separate possibilities, one of which mu... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gaussian function-Properties-Gaussian functions arise by composing the exponential function with a concave quadratic function: where \u03b1=\u22121/2c2, \u03b2=b/c2, ln \u2061a\u2212(b2/2c2).\n(Note: in ln \u2061a,a=1/(\u03c32\u03c0) , not to be confused with \u03b1=\u22121/2c2, The Gaussian functions are thus thos... | large_corpus_distillation |
is suspected to be the cause, avoidance of products containing this chemical may be useful and prevent recurrence in some individuals. Similarly patch testing may indicate that food allergy is responsible, and the diet modified accordingly. If investigations reveal deficiency states, correction of the deficiency may re... | large_corpus_distillation |
"PicDial-Services-PicDial's mobile platform creates a social community among PicDial users, giving them the capability to: Text (SMS) Popup Notification with Facebook photo \u2013 Receive instant SMS popups with your friends profile picture and status. Includes quick reply capability.\nText (SMS) Picture Carousel \u201... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Transformation of text-Transformation of text-Transformations of text are strategies to perform geometric transformations on text (reversal, rotations, etc.), particularly in systems that do not natively support transformation, such as HTML, seven-segment displays and plain text." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Extensible Authentication Protocol-Methods-Symmetric keys High-entropy bit strings that are known to both the server and the peer.It is possible to use a different authentication credential (and thereby technique) in each direction. For example, the EAP server authenticates itself using public/private key pair and the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Additive identity-Additive identity-In mathematics, the additive identity of a set that is equipped with the operation of addition is an element which, when added to any element x in the set, yields x. One of the most familiar additive identities is the number 0 from elementary mathematics, but additive identities occ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Schaefer's dichotomy theorem-Modern presentation-Let \u0393 be a finite constraint language over the Boolean domain. The problem CSP(\u0393) is decidable in polynomial-time if \u0393 has one of the following six operations as a polymorphism: the constant unary operation 0; the constant unary operation 1; the binary AN... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Naive set theory-Unions, intersections, and relative complements-Given two sets A and B, their union is the set consisting of all objects which are elements of A or of B or of both (see axiom of union). It is denoted by A \u222a B.\nThe intersection of A and B is the set of all objects which are both in A and in B. It... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Select (SQL)-Overview-The WHERE clause includes a comparison predicate, which restricts the rows returned by the query. The WHERE clause eliminates all rows from the result set where the comparison predicate does not evaluate to True.\nThe GROUP BY clause projects rows having common values into a smaller set of rows. ... | large_corpus_distillation |
file menu provides options for saving, exporting, printing, and exiting. The tree topology can be exported to a file in MEGA tree format, or for timetrees, exported in a tabular format with relevant information used when constructing the timetree. Other export options include the current timetree calibrations, analysis... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Statistical hypothesis testing-Definition of terms-Exact testA statistical hypothesis test compares a test statistic (z or t for examples) to a threshold. The test statistic (the formula found in the table below) is based on optimality. For a fixed level of Type I error rate, use of these statistics minimizes Type II ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Thread-local storage-Windows implementation-Apart from TlsXxx function family, Windows executables can define a section which is mapped to a different page for each thread of the executing process. Unlike TlsXxx values, these pages can contain arbitrary and valid addresses. These addresses, however, are different for ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gilbert\u2013Varshamov bound for linear codes-Gilbert\u2013Varshamov bound theorem-Formal proof: By using the probabilistic method, to show that there exists a linear code that has a Hamming distance greater than d , we will show that the probability that the random linear code having the distance less than d is exp... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Plane (tool)-Types-Special purposes Some special types of planes include: The rabbet plane, also known as a rebate or openside plane, which cuts rabbets (rebates) i.e. shoulders, or steps." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hilbert's fourteenth problem-Nagata's counterexample-Several authors have reduced the sizes of the group and the vector space in Nagata's example. For example, Totaro (2008) showed that over any field there is an action of the sum G3a of three copies of the additive group on k18 whose ring of invariants is not finitel... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Evaluation of binary classifiers-Contingency table-The contingency table and the most common derived ratios are summarized below; see sequel for details." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Multiple encryption-Importance of the first layer-To prevent this kind of attack, one can use the method provided by Bruce Schneier: Generate a random pad R of the same size as the plaintext.\nEncrypt R using the first cipher and key.\nXOR the plaintext with the pad, then encrypt the result using the second cipher and... | large_corpus_distillation |
until the user either exits the page or accesses another site completely. Connections to other nodes in this graph are formed when outbound links are placed on the page." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Orthogonal matrix-Numerical linear algebra-Nearest orthogonal matrix The problem of finding the orthogonal matrix Q nearest a given matrix M is related to the Orthogonal Procrustes problem. There are several different ways to get the unique solution, the simplest of which is taking the singular value decomposition of ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors-Formal definition-There is a direct correspondence between n-by-n square matrices and linear transformations from an n-dimensional vector space into itself, given any basis of the vector space. Hence, in a finite-dimensional vector space, it is equivalent to define eigenvalues and eigenvec... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pattern matching-Primitive patterns-The simplest pattern in pattern matching is an explicit value or a variable. For an example, consider a simple function definition in Haskell syntax (function parameters are not in parentheses but are separated by spaces, = is not assignment but definition): Here, 0 is a single valu... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Indicative conditional-Formal analyses-Early analyses identified indicative conditionals with the logical operation known as the material conditional. According to the material conditional analysis, an indicative \"If A then B\" is true unless A is true and B is not. Although this analysis covers many observed cases, ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Protected computer-Protected computer-The law prohibits unauthorized obtaining of \"information from any protected computer if the conduct involved an interstate or foreign communication,\" and makes it a felony to intentionally transmit malware to a protected computer if more than $5000 in damage (such as to the inte... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Covariance and correlation-Multiple random variables-With any number of random variables in excess of 1, the variables can be stacked into a random vector whose i th element is the i th random variable. Then the variances and covariances can be placed in a covariance matrix, in which the (i, j) element is the covarian... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Critical section-Uses of critical sections-When a complex unit of information must be produced on an output device by issuing multiple output operations, exclusive access is required so that another process doesn't corrupt the datum by interleaving its own bits of output.\nIn the input direction, exclusive access is r... | large_corpus_distillation |
"4 \u2022 Exercises 455\n4. Find a linear equation that 5. Find a linear equation, that 6. Find the slope of the line inFigure\npasses through (5, 1) and (3, has anxintercept at (\u20134, 0) 1.\n\u20139), if possible. and ay-intercept at (0, \u20136), if\npossible.\nFigure1\n7. Write an equation for line inFigure 2. 8.... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Loss function-Loss function-In mathematical optimization and decision theory, a loss function or cost function (sometimes also called an error function) is a function that maps an event or values of one or more variables onto a real number intuitively representing some \"cost\" associated with the event. An optimizati... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Algebraic number theory-Major results-Dirichlet's unit theorem Dirichlet's unit theorem provides a description of the structure of the multiplicative group of units O\u00d7 of the ring of integers O. Specifically, it states that O\u00d7 is isomorphic to G \u00d7 Zr, where G is the finite cyclic group consisting of all... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Object Process Methodology-Syntax and semantics-Instances of object class and process classState-specified structural relations and linksState-specified characterization relation and link: An exhibition-characterization relation from a specialized object that exhibits a value for a discriminating attribute of that obj... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Loop nest optimization-Example: matrix multiplication-Matrix multiplication is like many other codes in that it can be limited by memory bandwidth, and that more registers can help the compiler and programmer reduce the need for memory bandwidth. This register pressure is why vendors of RISC CPUs, who intended to buil... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Chinese remainder theorem-Applications-Sequence numbering The Chinese remainder theorem has been used to construct a G\u00f6del numbering for sequences, which is involved in the proof of G\u00f6del's incompleteness theorems.\nFast Fourier transform The prime-factor FFT algorithm (also called Good-Thomas algorithm) use... | large_corpus_distillation |
of eye movements in reading, while allowing for parallel processing, accounts for this difference by assigning the parafoveal less processing power the further away it is from the foveal fixation." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Spaces of test functions and distributions-Definitions of test functions and distributions-Let I:Cck(U)\u2192Ck(V) denote the map that sends a function in Cck(U) to its trivial extension on V. This map is a linear injection and for every compact subset K\u2286U (where K is also a compact subset of V since K\u228... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gbcast-History-Introduced in 1985, Gbcast was the first widely deployed reliable multicast protocol to implement state machine replication with dynamically reconfigurable membership. Although this problem had been treated theoretically under various models in prior work, Gbcast innovated by showing that the same multi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"First-order logic-Semantics-Validity, satisfiability, and logical consequence If a sentence \u03c6 evaluates to true under a given interpretation M, one says that M satisfies \u03c6; this is denoted M\u22a8\u03c6 . A sentence is satisfiable if there is some interpretation under which it is true. This is a bit differe... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Neutral build-Neutral build-A nightly build is a neutral build that takes place automatically. These typically take place when no one is likely to be working in the office so that there are no changes to the source code during the build. The results of the build are inspected by the arriving programmers, who generally... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Onion routing-Onion routing-Onion routing is a technique for anonymous communication over a computer network. In an onion network, messages are encapsulated in layers of encryption, analogous to the layers of an onion. The encrypted data is transmitted through a series of network nodes called \"onion routers,\" each o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Period 4 element-Properties-Twelve electrons over the electron configuration of argon reach the configuration of zinc, namely 3d10\u202f4s2. After this element, the filled 3d subshell effectively withdraws from chemistry and the subsequent trend looks much like trends in the periods 2 and 3. The p-block elements of pe... | large_corpus_distillation |
"TorrentFreak-History-On 17 August 2007, TorrentFreak reported that Comcast had begun throttling its upload bandwidth, specifically against BitTorrent users. This made seeding, which is an essential part of the BitTorrent protocol, effectively impossible. It was later determined that Comcast was using Sandvine products... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Induced matching-Computational complexity-Finding an induced matching of size at least k is NP-complete (and thus, finding an induced matching of maximum size is NP-hard). It can be solved in polynomial time in chordal graphs, because the squares of line graphs of chordal graphs are perfect graphs.\nMoreover, it can ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"RSA numbers-RSA-420-RSA-420 has 420 decimal digits (1,393 bits), and has not been factored so far.\nRSA-420 = 2091366302476510731652556423163330737009653626605245054798522959941292730258 1898373570076188752609749648953525484925466394800509169219344906273145413634 2427186266197097846022969248579454916155633686388106962... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Transformation (function)-Combinatorics-For a finite set of cardinality n, there are nn transformations and (n+1)n partial transformations." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dicut-Dicut-In mathematics, a dicut is a partition of the vertices of a directed graph into two subsets, so that each edge that has an endpoint in both subsets is directed from the first subset to the second. Each strongly connected component of the graph must be entirely contained in one of the two subsets, so a stro... | large_corpus_distillation |
"LP-type problem-Definition-Locality: for every two sets A \u2286 B \u2286 S and every element x in S, if f(A) = f(B) = f(A \u222a {x}), then f(A) = f(B \u222a {x}).A basis of an LP-type problem is a set B \u2286 S with the property that every proper subset of B has a smaller value of f than B itself, and the dimension... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Learning to rank-Feature vectors-For the convenience of MLR algorithms, query-document pairs are usually represented by numerical vectors, which are called feature vectors. Such an approach is sometimes called bag of features and is analogous to the bag of words model and vector space model used in information retriev... | large_corpus_distillation |
that all elements of a list satisfy a predicate p, simply as allp=(\u2227/)\u22c5(p\u2217) :allp[e1,\u2026,en]=(\u2227/)\u22c5(p\u2217)[e1,\u2026,en]=\u2227/(p\u2217[e1,\u2026,en])=\u2227/[pe1,\u2026,pen]=pe1\u2227\u22ef\u2227pen=\u2200k.pek." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Divisibility rule-Step-by-step examples-Repeat the procedure until you have a recognizable multiple of 7, or to make sure, a number between 0 and 6. So, starting from 21 (which is a recognizable multiple of 7), take the first digit (2) and convert it into the following in the sequence above: 2 becomes 6. Then add this... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Maximum flow problem-Real world applications-The problem can be extended by adding a lower bound on the flow on some edges." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Kolmogorov's inequality-Statement of the inequality-Let X1, ..., Xn : \u03a9 \u2192 R be independent random variables defined on a common probability space (\u03a9, F, Pr), with expected value E[Xk] = 0 and variance Var[Xk] < +\u221e for k = 1, ..., n. Then, for each \u03bb > 0, Pr max Var Var \u2061[Xk]=1\u03bb2\u221... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Surveillance art-Notable examples-In the video installation titled \"Image Blockade,\" artists Ruti Sela and Maayan Amir explore the intersection of visual, political, and legal issues through an fMRI experiment that scans the brain activity of veterans from Israeli intelligence units, as a means of masking their iden... | large_corpus_distillation |
"ALZip-ALZip-ALZip is an archive and compression utility from ESTsoft for Microsoft Windows.\nALZip is a file compression program that can unzip 40 different zip file archives.\nALZip can zip files into 8 different archives such as ZIP, EGG, TAR and others. Since ALZip version 8, the newly developed EGG format can be u... | large_corpus_distillation |
"MacOS-Features-Most Macs receive six or seven years of macOS updates. After a new major release of macOS, the previous two releases still receive occasional updates, but many security vulnerabilities are only patched in the latest macOS release." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Comparison of web search engines-Search crawlers-Current search engines with independent crawlers, as of December 2018." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Triadic closure-Measurements-Transitivity Another measure for the presence of triadic closure is transitivity, defined as T(G)=3\u03b4(G)\u03c4(G) " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Semantic security-Symmetric-key cryptography-In the case of symmetric-key algorithm cryptosystems, an adversary must not be able to compute any information about a plaintext from its ciphertext. This may be posited as an adversary, given two plaintexts of equal length and their two respective ciphertexts, cannot deter... | large_corpus_distillation |
distributed systems where each agent, human or machine, is autonomously contributing to a problem-solving network.\u201d Gill\u2019s ACM paper has been cited in applications ranging from an NIH (U. S. National Institute of Health) Center for Biotechnology study of human robot collaboration, to an assessment of cloud co... | large_corpus_distillation |
"STXIT-Background-The STXIT macro would provide an error recovery address for several major types of errors and certain operator signals. The errors covered depended upon the operating system. In general, the errors which it provided recovery included address protection violate (accessing memory not owned by the appli... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pascal (microarchitecture)-Overview-Graphics Processor Cluster A chip is partitioned into Graphics Processor Clusters (GPCs). For the GP104 chips, a GPC encompasses 5 SMs.\nStreaming Multiprocessor \"Pascal\" A \"Streaming Multiprocessor\" corresponds to AMD's Compute Unit. An SMP encompasses 128 single-precision ALUs... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Coverity-Coverity-Coverity is a proprietary static code analysis tool from Synopsys. This product enables engineers and security teams to find and fix software defects." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Robustness (computer science)-Introduction-In general, building robust systems that encompass every point of possible failure is difficult because of the vast quantity of possible inputs and input combinations. Since all inputs and input combinations would require too much time to test, developers cannot run through a... | large_corpus_distillation |
one of the earliest methods used, although with significantly more man-power." | large_corpus_distillation |
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