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"Multidimensional empirical mode decomposition-Ensemble empirical mode decomposition-Typically, the EOFs are found by computing the eigenvalues and eigen vectors of a spatially weighted anomaly covariance matrix of a field. Most commonly, the spatial weights are the cos(latitude) or, better for EOF analysis, the sqrt(c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Aerostat-Types-A tethered balloon is held down by one or more mooring lines or tethers. It has sufficient lift to hold the line taut and its altitude is controlled by winching the line in or out. A tethered balloon does feel the wind. A round balloon is unstable and bobs about in strong winds, so the kite balloon was ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Probabilistic context-free grammar-Weighted context-free grammar-An extended version of the CYK algorithm can be used to find the \"lightest\" (least-weight) derivation of a string given some WCFG.\nWhen the tree weight is the product of the rule weights, WCFGs and PCFGs can express the same set of probability distrib... | large_corpus_distillation |
model, the system only presents the top-ranked documents to the user. This systems are typically evaluated based on their mean average precision over a set of benchmark queries from organizations like the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC)." | large_corpus_distillation |
first by A and then by Ia; explicitly, given any two pairs (a1,i1),(a2,i2)\u2208\u22c3a\u2208AA\u00d7Ia, declare that (a1,i1)\u2264(a2,i2) holds if and only if both (1) a1\u2264a2, and also (2) if a1=a2 then i1\u2264i2." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bishop's Gambit-Modern defense 3...d5-3...d5 is one of the best defenses against both the king's knight and king's bishop gambit. Black gives back the extra pawn for a rapid development. A transposition via 3...Qh4+ 4. Kf1 d5 is also possible." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Skellam distribution-Properties-As it is a discrete probability function, the Skellam probability mass function is normalized: 1.\nWe know that the probability generating function (pgf) for a Poisson distribution is: G(t;\u03bc)=e\u03bc(t\u22121).\nIt follows that the pgf, G(t;\u03bc1,\u03bc2) , for a Skellam probabi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Transport geography-Aims and scope-Transportation is fundamental to the economic activity of exchange. Therefore, transport geography and economic geography are largely interrelated. At the most basic level, humans move and thus interact with each other by walking, but transportation geography typically studies more c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Boolean model of information retrieval-Data structures and algorithms-Signature file Each document can be summarized by Bloom filter representing the set of words in that document, stored in a fixed-length bitstring, called a signature.\nThe signature file contains one such superimposed code bitstring for every docume... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Kernelization-Kernelization for structural parameterizations-While the parameter k in the examples above is chosen as the size of the desired solution, this is not necessary. It is also possible to choose a structural complexity measure of the input as the parameter value, leading to so-called structural parameteriza... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cyclic group-Cyclic group-In group theory, a branch of abstract algebra in pure mathematics, a cyclic group or monogenous group is a group, denoted Cn, that is generated by a single element. That is, it is a set of invertible elements with a single associative binary operation, and it contains an element g such that e... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ideal (ring theory)-Types of ideals-To simplify the description all rings are assumed to be commutative. The non-commutative case is discussed in detail in the respective articles.\nIdeals are important because they appear as kernels of ring homomorphisms and allow one to define factor rings. Different types of ideals... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Reliability engineering-Overview-Objective The objectives of reliability engineering, in decreasing order of priority, are: To apply engineering knowledge and specialist techniques to prevent or to reduce the likelihood or frequency of failures.\nTo identify and correct the causes of failures that do occur despite the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Almost simple group-Examples-Trivially, non-abelian simple groups and the full group of automorphisms are almost simple, but proper examples exist, meaning almost simple groups that are neither simple nor the full automorphism group.\nFor n=5 or n\u22657, the symmetric group Sn is the automorphism group of the simp... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gamification of learning-Application-Three key ways in which a classroom, course, or unit can be gamified are through changing the language, adapting the grading process, and modifying the structure of the learning environment. With regard to language, instead of referring to academic requirements with the typical ass... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Time-based one-time password-History-Through the collaboration of several OATH members, a TOTP draft was developed in order to create an industry-backed standard. It complements the event-based one-time standard HOTP, and it offers end user organizations and enterprises more choice in selecting technologies that best ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Group homomorphism-Types-Automorphism A group endomorphism that is bijective, and hence an isomorphism. The set of all automorphisms of a group G, with functional composition as operation, itself forms a group, the automorphism group of G. It is denoted by Aut(G). As an example, the automorphism group of (Z, +) contai... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Features new to Windows XP-Later versions-BITS 2.0, part of Windows XP SP2, installed support for performing concurrent foreground downloads, using Server Message Block paths for remote names, downloading portions of a file, changing the prefix or complete name of a remote name, and limiting client bandwidth usage. BI... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Factorial moment-Examples-Poisson distribution If a random variable X has a Poisson distribution with parameter \u03bb, then the factorial moments of X are E\u2061[(X)r]=\u03bbr, which are simple in form compared to its moments, which involve Stirling numbers of the second kind.\nBinomial distribution If a random vari... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Robustness principle-Criticism-From 2015 to 2018, in a series of Internet Drafts, Martin Thomson argues that Postel's robustness principle actually leads to a lack of robustness, including security:A flaw can become entrenched as a de facto standard. Any implementation of the protocol is required to replicate the aber... | large_corpus_distillation |
how users accomplish personal information management." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lagrange multiplier-Single constraint-For the case of only one constraint and only two choice variables (as exemplified in Figure 1), consider the optimization problem maximize f(x,y) subject to: g(x,y)=0 (Sometimes an additive constant is shown separately rather than being included in g , in which case the constrain... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Correspondence analysis-Details-Finally, compute matrix S , sometimes called the matrix of standardized residuals, by matrix multiplication as S=Wm(P\u2212wmwn)Wn Note, the vectors wm and wn are combined in an outer product resulting in a matrix of the same dimensions as P . In words the formula reads: matrix out... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Structure mapping engine-Concepts in SME-SME maps knowledge from a source into a target. SME calls each description a dgroup. Dgroups contain a list of entities and predicates. Entities represent the objects or concepts in a description \u2014 such as an input gear or a switch. Predicates are one of three types and ar... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Standard normal table-Reading a Z table-The values within the table are the probabilities corresponding to the table type. These probabilities are calculations of the area under the normal curve from the starting point (0 for cumulative from mean, negative infinity for cumulative and positive infinity for complementar... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Non-configurational language-Controversy with dependency grammars-The distinction between configurational and non-configurational languages can exist for phrase structure grammars only. Dependency grammars (DGs), since they lack a finite VP constituent altogether, do not acknowledge the distinction. In other words, al... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Open-loop controller-Applications-For example, an irrigation sprinkler system, programmed to turn on at set times could be an example of an open-loop system if it does not measure soil moisture as a form of feedback. Even if rain is pouring down on the lawn, the sprinkler system would activate on schedule, wasting wat... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Law of large numbers-Proof of the weak law-Given X1, X2, ... an infinite sequence of i.i.d. random variables with finite expected value E(X1)=E(X2)=\u22ef=\u03bc<\u221e , we are interested in the convergence of the sample average The weak law of large numbers states: Proof using Chebyshev's inequality assuming finite... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gauss\u2013Markov theorem-Statement-Or, just see that for all vectors v,vTXTXv=\u2016Xv\u20162\u22650 . So the Hessian is positive definite if full rank." | large_corpus_distillation |
for ciphering/integrity protection for NAS signaling and handles the security key management. Lawful interception of signaling is also supported by the MME. The MME also provides the control plane function for mobility between LTE and 2G/3G access networks with the S3 interface terminating at the MME from the SGSN. The... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Control-flow integrity-Implementations-Intel Control-flow Enforcement Technology Intel Control-flow Enforcement Technology (CET) detects compromises to control flow integrity with a shadow stack (SS) and indirect branch tracking (IBT).The shadow stack stores a copy of the return address of each CALL in a specially-pro... | large_corpus_distillation |
"37 (number)-37 (number)-37 (thirty-seven) is the natural number following 36 and preceding 38." | large_corpus_distillation |
"APOBEC1-Mechanism-A1 modifies the cytosine base at position 6666 on the ApoB mRNA strand through a deamination. An A1 dimer first binds to ACF, which forms the binding complex that is then able to eliminate the amine group from cytosine." | large_corpus_distillation |
(T0) {\u2205, {a}, {b}, {a, b}, {c}, {a, c}, {b, c}, {a, b, c}, {a, b, c, d}} (T0) {\u2205, {a}, {b}, {a, b}, {c}, {a, c}, {b, c}, {a, b, c}, {d}, {a, d}, {b, d}, {a, b, d}, {c, d}, {a, c, d}, {b, c, d}, {a, b, c, d}} (T0)The last 16 of these are all T0." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Activity recognition-Approaches-Using sensor data as input, Hodges and Pollack designed machine learning-based systems for identifying individuals as they perform routine daily activities such as making coffee. Intel Research (Seattle) Lab and University of Washington at Seattle have done some important works on using... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bolt circle-Bolt circle-A bolt circle diameter or pitch circle diameter (PCD), sometimes simply called bolt circle or pitch circle, is a common term for when a number of screw holes for bolts are evenly distributed with their centers along an imaginary circle with a given diameter." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Orb (software)-What it did-Sharing Orb also allows the user to share photos and videos without having to upload them to an online service. To do that, one has to select the files one wants to share, and enter the email address of the person that should have access to that data. That person will receive an email with a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Enumerated type-Syntax in several programming languages-Alternatively, enumeration cases can specify associated values of any type to be stored along with each different case value, much as unions or variants do in other languages. One can define a common set of related cases as part of one enumeration, each of which ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"WWP2-Interactions-WWP2 has been shown to interact with SCNN1B and ATN1." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Folded Reed\u2013Solomon code-Brief overview of list-decoding folded Reed\u2013Solomon codes-A list decoding algorithm which runs in quadratic time to decode FRS code up to radius 1\u2212R\u2212\u03b5 is presented by Guruswami. The algorithm essentially has three steps namely the interpolation step in which welch ber... | large_corpus_distillation |
"For position only-For position only-In graphic design and printing, the phrases for position only or for placement only, or the initialism FPO, indicate materials that have been used as placeholders in a layout prior to it being declared finished and ready for publication." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Email encryption-Encryption protocols-With the original design of email protocol, the communication between email servers was in plain text, which posed a huge security risk. Over the years, various mechanisms have been proposed to encrypt the communication between email servers. Encryption may occur at the transport ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Reflection theorem-Leopoldt's Spiegelungssatz-Both of the above results are generalized by Leopoldt's \"Spiegelungssatz\", which relates the p-ranks of different isotypic components of the class group of a number field considered as a module over the Galois group of a Galois extension." | large_corpus_distillation |
"FastStone Image Viewer-Issues-As of version 4.2, resizing of animations (i.e. animated GIFs) is not supported. Thus they can only be viewed at 100% scale, this includes thumbnails.\nWhen the program starts, a delay may occur as the thumbnail view is managed, more so the first time when the thumbnail cache database is ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Management of hearing loss-Direct-to-consumer technologies-Smartphone- and tablet-based technologies The continuing innovation of consumer technologies introduces more accessibility options through applications and built-in operating system features that people with hearing loss may explore for supporting effective co... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Belief propagation-Gaussian belief propagation (GaBP)-Convergence of the GaBP algorithm is easier to analyze (relatively to the general BP case) and there are two known sufficient convergence conditions. The first one was formulated by Weiss et al. in the year 2000, when the information matrix A is diagonally dominant... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Just-in-time compilation-Uses-A common implementation of JIT compilation is to first have AOT compilation to bytecode (virtual machine code), known as bytecode compilation, and then have JIT compilation to machine code (dynamic compilation), rather than interpretation of the bytecode. This improves the runtime perform... | large_corpus_distillation |
technique to help recover a second failure when the backup resources are already in use. The down side to restoration as a protection technique is that the recovery time is not fast enough.The second approach is to have a predefined backup path computed before the failure. This approach is said to be failure independen... | large_corpus_distillation |
system traps to processes.These VAX architecture mechanisms are implemented on Alpha, Itanium and x86-64 by either mapping to corresponding hardware mechanisms on those architectures, or through emulation (via PALcode on Alpha, or in software on Itanium and x86-64)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"DEC Alpha-Registers-The integer registers are denoted by R0 to R31 and floating-point registers are denoted by F0 to F31. The R31 and F31 registers are hardwired to zero and writes to those registers by instructions are ignored. Digital considered using a combined register file, but a split register file was determine... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Surjective function-Space of surjections-Given fixed A and B, one can form the set of surjections A \u21a0 B. The cardinality of this set is one of the twelve aspects of Rota's Twelvefold way, and is given by | B | ! { | A | | B | } {\\textstyle |B|!{\\begin{Bmatrix}|A|\\\\|B|\\end{Bmatrix}}} , where { | A | | B | }... | large_corpus_distillation |
vertex (A) in one tree and the extreme vertex in the joined tree (\u0100) remains finite (above the critical temperature.) In addition, A and B also exhibit a non-vanishing correlation (as do their reflections) thus lending itself to, for B level sites (with A level), being considered \u201cclusters\u201d which tend to... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Undefined value-Handling-(The formal definition of \"undefined behaviour\" includes even more extreme possibilities, including things like \"halt and catch fire\" and \"make demons fly out of your nose\".) The classic example is a dangling pointer reference. It is very fast to dereference a valid pointer, but can be v... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dehn invariant-Related results-An approach very similar to the Dehn invariant can be used to determine whether two rectilinear polygons can be dissected into each other only using axis-parallel cuts and translations (rather than cuts at arbitrary angles and rotations). An invariant for this kind of dissection uses the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Nearest-neighbor chain algorithm-Application to specific clustering distances-Complete linkage and average distance Complete-linkage or furthest-neighbor clustering is a form of agglomerative clustering that defines the dissimilarity between clusters to be the maximum distance between any two points from the two clust... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Metric dimension (graph theory)-Computational complexity-Approximation complexity The metric dimension of an arbitrary n-vertex graph may be approximated in polynomial time to within an approximation ratio of log \u2061n by expressing it as a set cover problem, a problem of covering all of a given collection of eleme... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Visual search engine-Visual information searchers-The process used in these searches in the mobile phones is as follows: First, the image is sent to the server application. Already on the server, the image will be analyzed by different analytical teams, as each one is specialized in different fields that make up an im... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cipher-Key size and vulnerability-In a pure mathematical attack, (i.e., lacking any other information to help break a cipher) two factors above all count: Computational power available, i.e., the computing power which can be brought to bear on the problem. It is important to note that average performance/capacity of a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Term symbol-Terminology: terms, levels, and states-As an example, for S=1,L=2 , there are (2\u00d71+1)(2\u00d72+1) = 15 different states (= eigenstates in the uncoupled representation) corresponding to the 3D term, of which (2\u00d73+1) = 7 belong to the 3D3 (J = 3) level. The sum of (2J+1) for all levels in the sam... | large_corpus_distillation |
after use. A Belgian flight attendant acted as courier to bring in the pad disks. A regular resupply of new disks was needed as they were used up fairly quickly. One problem with the system was that it could not be used for secure data storage. Later Vula added a stream cipher keyed by book codes to solve this problem.... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Distributed hash table-Properties-DHTs characteristically emphasize the following properties: Autonomy and decentralization: The nodes collectively form the system without any central coordination.\nFault tolerance: The system should be reliable (in some sense) even with nodes continuously joining, leaving, and failin... | large_corpus_distillation |
to 7 points A modified \u2018Fruit, vegetables, legumes\u2019 component, with the removal of nuts and oils from the ingredients qualifying for the component A simplification of the final computation, with a removal of the protein cap exemption for products with A points \u226511 and fruit and vegetable points \u22655 A... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Profinite integer-Construction-It is canonical since it satisfies the universal property of profinite groups that, given any profinite group H and any group homomorphism f:Z\u2192H , there exists a unique continuous group homomorphism g:Z^\u2192H with f=g\u03b7 Using Factorial number system Every integer n\u22650... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sandy Bridge-Limitations-Overclocking With Sandy Bridge, Intel has tied the speed of every bus (USB, SATA, PCI, PCI-E, CPU cores, Uncore, memory etc.) to a single internal clock generator issuing the basic 100 MHz Base Clock (BClk). With CPUs being multiplier locked, the only way to overclock is to increase the BClk, ... | large_corpus_distillation |
on regression analysis, where useless units in hidden layers are pruned with the help of a validation set. The history of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) goes back even further to the 1920s. Wilhelm Lenz (1920) and Ernst Ising (1925) created and analyzed the Ising model which is essentially a non-learning RNN consisti... | large_corpus_distillation |
\u201cdegradation\u201d (the approximation). By comparing the qualities of \u201capproximation words\u201d with their corresponding \u201ctarget word\u201d, Browman investigates what features of words people use in recalling them. Her final analysis reveals that semantic factors, syntactic categories, syllable number, ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Orbital hybridisation-Hybridisation in computational VB theory-For molecules with lone pairs, the bonding orbitals are isovalent spx hybrids. For example, the two bond-forming hybrid orbitals of oxygen in water can be described as sp4.0 to give the interorbital angle of 104.5\u00b0. This means that they have 20% s cha... | large_corpus_distillation |
and a cut separating the obstacles from the background can again be computed effectively with dynamic programming." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Communication theory-Communication Theory by Perspective/Subdiscipline-They marked the nascent stages of applied communication theory at that time. Shannon developed information entropy as a measure for the uncertainty in a message while essentially inventing the field of information theory. \"The fundamental problem ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Exact differential-Overview-For three dimensions, in a simply-connected region R of the xyz-coordinate system, by a similar reason, a differential dQ=A(x,y,z)dx+B(x,y,z)dy+C(x,y,z)dz is an exact differential if and only if between the functions A, B and C there exist the relations (\u2202A\u2202y)x,z=(\u2202B\u2202x)y... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Probabilistic numerics-History and related fields-As noted by Owhadi and collaborators, interplays between numerical approximation and statistical inference can also be traced back to Palasti and Renyi, Sard, Kimeldorf and Wahba (on the correspondence between Bayesian estimation and spline smoothing/interpolation) and... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Closed set-Properties-Any intersection of any family of closed sets is closed (this includes intersections of infinitely many closed sets) The union of finitely many closed sets is closed.\nThe empty set is closed.\nThe whole set is closed.In fact, if given a set X and a collection F\u2260\u2205 of subsets of X suc... | large_corpus_distillation |
) \u2265 1/2\u2212\u03b5.\nn\nTo be fair, note that here the distribution of the pair (X,Y) is allowed to depend on\nn which is cheating a bit but there are weaker versions of the no-free-lunch theorem that\nessentially imply that it is impossible to learn without further assumptions. One such\ntheorem is the following... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lanczos algorithm-Derivation of the algorithm-There are several lines of reasoning which lead to the Lanczos algorithm.\nA more provident power method The power method for finding the eigenvalue of largest magnitude and a corresponding eigenvector of a matrix A is roughly Pick a random vector u1\u22600 For j\u2a7e1... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Divisor-Further notions and facts-If the prime factorization of n is given by n=p1\u03bd1p2\u03bd2\u22efpk\u03bdk then the number of positive divisors of n is d(n)=(\u03bd1+1)(\u03bd2+1)\u22ef(\u03bdk+1), and each of the divisors has the form p1\u03bc1p2\u03bc2\u22efpk\u03bck where 0\u2264\u03bci\u2264\u03bdi for e... | large_corpus_distillation |
of distributing multiple files for a package, this allowed all of the software files to be contained in a single file for easier distribution with the benefit of package signing." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Virtual management-Life Cycle-Launch It is highly recommended that, in the beginning of virtual teamwork, all members should meet each other face to face. Crucial elements of such a \u201ckick-off\u201d workshop are getting acquainted with the other team members, clarifying the team goals, clarifying the roles and fun... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Epimorphism-Properties-The composition of two epimorphisms is again an epimorphism. If the composition fg of two morphisms is an epimorphism, then f must be an epimorphism." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Majority logic decoding-Theory-In a binary alphabet made of 0,1 , if a (n,1) repetition code is used, then each input bit is mapped to the code word as a string of n -replicated input bits. Generally n=2t+1 , an odd number.\nThe repetition codes can detect up to [n/2] transmission errors. Decoding errors occur wh... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Confusion matrix-Example-Now, we can simply total up each type of result, substitute into the template, and create a confusion matrix that will concisely summarize the results of testing the classifier: In this confusion matrix, of the 8 samples with cancer, the system judged that 2 were cancer-free, and of the 4 samp... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Energy landscape-Applications-In catalysis, when designing new catalysts or refining existing ones, energy landscapes are considered to avoid low-energy or high-energy intermediates that could halt the reaction or demand excessive energy to reach the final products.In glassing models, the local minima of an energy lan... | large_corpus_distillation |
"SHA-1-Development-SHA-1 produces a message digest based on principles similar to those used by Ronald L. Rivest of MIT in the design of the MD2, MD4 and MD5 message digest algorithms, but generates a larger hash value (160 bits vs. 128 bits)." | large_corpus_distillation |
chili sauce and Worcestershire sauce. A variant of cerveza preparada (Mexican prepared beer).\nPorchcrawler \u2013 Equal parts of beer, vodka, and lemonade concentrate.\nQueen Mary \u2013 Beer with grenadine and maraschino cherries, originally from Canada, named for Mary of Teck.\nRed Eye \u2013 beer, tomato juice (or ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Six-number lottery game-Six-number lottery game-Six-number games historically are the most popular kind of lottery in the U.S., although \"5+1\" games have grown in popularity, especially with the rise of multi-state games. The Canadian Lotto 6/49 is one of its two national lottery games. Typically, six-number games c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Over-the-air rekeying-Significance-Telecommunications protected by encryption require proprietary or classified keys to lock and unlock them. Security of such telecommunications is no greater than the security of its keys. Therefore, key protection is paramount. So long as use of encryption remains reasonably limited,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Linear least squares-Discussion-Mathematically, linear least squares is the problem of approximately solving an overdetermined system of linear equations A x = b, where b is not an element of the column space of the matrix A. The approximate solution is realized as an exact solution to A x = b', where b' is the projec... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Public-key cryptography-Weaknesses-In some advanced man-in-the-middle attacks, one side of the communication will see the original data while the other will receive a malicious variant. Asymmetric man-in-the-middle attacks can prevent users from realizing their connection is compromised. This remains so even when one ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Negativity bias-Evidence-Social judgments and impression formation Most of the early evidence suggesting a negativity bias stems from research on social judgments and impression formation, in which it became clear that negative information was typically more heavily weighted when participants were tasked with forming ... | large_corpus_distillation |
the program can even begin execution.) Unless otherwise specified, static objects contain zero or null pointer values upon program startup. Automatically and dynamically allocated objects are initialized only if an initial value is explicitly specified; otherwise they initially have indeterminate values (typically, wha... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Open information extraction-OIE systems and contributions-CSD introduced the idea of minimality in OIE. It considers that computers can make better use of the extractions if they are expressed in a compact way. This is especially important in sentences with subordinate clauses. In these cases, CSD suggests the generat... | large_corpus_distillation |
information during the process of signal/image reconstruction. The parameter \u03c3 controls the amount of smoothing applied to the pixels at the edges to differentiate them from the non-edge pixels. The value of \u03c3 is changed adaptively based on the values of the histogram of the gradient magnitude so that a cer... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Matroid rank-Other matroid properties from rank-The rank function may be used to determine the other important properties of a matroid: A set is independent if and only if its rank equals its cardinality, and dependent if and only if it has greater cardinality than rank.\nA nonempty set is a circuit if its cardinality... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Document-oriented database-Documents-Documents in a document store are roughly equivalent to the programming concept of an object. They are not required to adhere to a standard schema, nor will they have all the same sections, slots, parts or keys. Generally, programs using objects have many different types of objects... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cyclone (programming language)-Language features-Cyclone looks, in general, much like C, but it should be viewed as a C-like language." | large_corpus_distillation |
distribution. As the minuteness of the Boltzmann constant kB indicates, the changes in S / kB for even tiny amounts of substances in chemical and physical processes represent amounts of entropy that are extremely large compared to anything in data compression or signal processing. In classical thermodynamics, entropy i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Carola Wenk-Book-With Mahmuda Ahmed, Sophia Karagiorgou, and Dieter Pfoser, Wenk is the co-author of the book Map Construction Algorithms (Springer, 2015)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cloud storage-Cloud storage-Cloud storage is a model of computer data storage in which the digital data is stored in logical pools, said to be on \"the cloud\". The physical storage spans multiple servers (sometimes in multiple locations), and the physical environment is typically owned and managed by a hosting compan... | large_corpus_distillation |
"BitTorrent-Adoption-Software Blizzard Entertainment uses BitTorrent (via a proprietary client called the \"Blizzard Downloader\", associated with the Blizzard \"BattleNet\" network) to distribute content and patches for Diablo III, StarCraft II and World of Warcraft, including the games themselves.\nWargaming uses Bit... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Interior reconstruction-Methods-Let X be the region of interest (ROI) and Y be the region outside of X Assume A , B , C , D are known matrices; x and y are unknown vectors of the original image, while f and g are vector measurements of the responses ( f is known and g is unknown). x is inside region X , ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Non-linear least squares-Theory-The minimum value of S occurs when the gradient is zero. Since the model contains n parameters there are n gradient equations: In a nonlinear system, the derivatives {\\textstyle {\\frac {\\partial r_{i}}{\\partial \\beta _{j}}}} are functions of both the independent variable and the p... | large_corpus_distillation |
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