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"Structured prediction-Applications-While this problem can be solved by simply performing classification of individual tokens, that approach does not take into account the empirical fact that tags do not occur independently; instead, each tag displays a strong conditional dependence on the tag of the previous word. Thi... | large_corpus_distillation |
information revealed is what the holder of the credential is willing to disclose. The assertion can be issued by the user himself/herself, by the provider of the online service or by a third party (another service provider, a government agency, etc.). For example: Online car rental. The car rental agency doesn't need t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Euler's totient function-Computing Euler's totient function-Divisor sum The property established by Gauss, that \u2211d\u2223n\u03c6(d)=n, where the sum is over all positive divisors d of n, can be proven in several ways. (See Arithmetical function for notational conventions.) One proof is to note that \u03c6(d) is al... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Markov algorithm-Example-The following example shows the basic operation of a Markov algorithm.\nRules \"A\" -> \"apple\" \"B\" -> \"bag\" \"S\" -> \"shop\" \"T\" -> \"the\" \"the shop\" -> \"my brother\" \"a never used\" -> .\"terminating rule\" Symbol string \"I bought a B of As from T S.\" Execution If the algorith... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Uniform information representation-Uniform information representation-Uniform information representation allows information from several realms or disciplines to be displayed and worked with as if it came from the same realm or discipline. It takes information from a number of sources, which may have used different me... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pipeline (computing)-Design considerations-Dependencies between items In some applications, the processing of an item Y by a stage A may depend on the results or effect of processing a previous item X by some later stage B of the pipeline. In that case, stage A cannot correctly process item Y until item X has cleared ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Maximum-entropy random graph model-Canonical ensemble of graphs (general framework)-We would like the ensemble-averaged values {\u27e8Qj\u27e9}j=1J of observables {Qj(G)}j=1J (such as average degree, average clustering, or average shortest path length) to be tunable, so we impose J \"soft\" constraints on the graph... | large_corpus_distillation |
"The leads to relation naturally suggests a couple of other definitions that are important.\nA\u2286S\nSuppose that is nonempty.\nA x\u2208A x\u2192y y\u2208A\n1. is closed if and implies .\nA A\n2. is irreducible if is closed and has no proper closed subsets.\nA\u2286S\nSuppose that is closed. Then\nP P A\u00d7A A\n1.... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Rule-based system-Rule-based system-In computer science, a rule-based system is used to store and manipulate knowledge to interpret information in a useful way. It is often used in artificial intelligence applications and research. Normally, the term rule-based system is applied to systems involving human-crafted or ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Electronic data interchange-Acknowledgement-Business Level Acknowledgement \u2013 the final indicator shows if the transaction is accepted by the receiver or not." | large_corpus_distillation |
"MAC filtering-MAC filtering-While giving a network some additional protection, MAC filtering can be circumvented by using a packet analyzer to find a valid MAC and then using MAC spoofing to access the network using that address. MAC address filtering can be considered as security through obscurity because the effecti... | large_corpus_distillation |
the 23 series were quite similar to the 21 series featuring more upgrades to engine power and other improvements to harvester operation. The series featured the 2344, 2366, 2377 and 2388 models. The 2377 was intended to replace the 2366, though the 2366 remained popular." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Transformer (machine learning model)-Timeline-Decomposable attention In 2016, highly parallelizable decomposable attention was successfully combined with a feedforward network. This indicated that attention mechanisms were powerful in themselves and that sequential recurrent processing of data was not necessary to ach... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Elliptic curve primality-Complexity and running times-Goldwasser and Kilian's elliptic curve primality proving algorithm terminates in expected polynomial time for at least log log \u2061n) of prime inputs.\nConjecture Let \u03c0(x) be the number of primes smaller than x log c1\u2061x for sufficiently large x.\nIf on... | large_corpus_distillation |
"2-choice hashing-Implementation-The most important functions of the hashing implementation in this case are insertion and search.\nInsertion: When inserting the values of both hash functions are computed for the to-be-inserted object. The object is then placed in the bucket which contains fewer objects. If the buckets... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cryptanalysis of the Enigma-Polish breakthroughs-Rejewski's characteristics method Marian Rejewski quickly spotted the Germans' major procedural weaknesses of specifying a single indicator setting (Grundstellung) for all messages on a network for a day, and repeating the operator's chosen message key in the enciphered... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Inceptionv3-Inceptionv3-Inception v3 is a convolutional neural network for assisting in image analysis and object detection, and got its start as a module for GoogLeNet. It is the third edition of Google's Inception Convolutional Neural Network, originally introduced during the ImageNet Recognition Challenge. The desi... | large_corpus_distillation |
that arise in\napplications are nice), then there does in fact exist a regular conditional probability. That is, for each A\u2208F, there exists a random variable P(A\u2223G) satisfying the\nconditions in (12) and such that with probability 1, A\u21a6P(A\u2223G) is a probability measure.\nThe following theorem gives a ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Worst-case complexity-Definition-Given a model of computation and an algorithm A that halts on each input s , the mapping tA:{0,1}\u22c6\u2192N is called the time complexity of A if, for every input string s , A halts after exactly tA(s) steps.\nSince we usually are interested in the dependence of the time comp... | large_corpus_distillation |
passwords or keys with their friends to form a decentralized network." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Parachuting-Competitions-Competition includes 4 qualifying rounds and a final for the top 8. Competitors jump from a height of 2200 m to 2500 m. They rush into an acceleration stage for 15 to 20 seconds and then run their series of manoeuvres benefiting to the maximum of the stored speed. Those series consist of Turn... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Stand-up meeting-Software development-Timeboxed The meetings are usually timeboxed to between 5 and 15 minutes, and take place with participants standing up to remind people to keep the meeting short and to-the-point. The stand-up meeting is sometimes also referred to as the \"stand-up\" when doing Extreme Programming... | large_corpus_distillation |
"LCHH Architecture-LCHH Architecture-As its name suggests, LCHH defines four key implementation components: The Loader is an ID'ed DIV container that identifies a partial update region for later content injection; The Content that contains both static information and interactive elements, also known as \"Triggers\"; Cl... | large_corpus_distillation |
"F2FS-Design-LFS has two schemes for free space management: threaded log and copy-and-compaction. The copy-and-compaction scheme which is known as cleaning, is well-suited for devices showing very good sequential write performance, since free segments are served all the time for writing new data. However, it suffers fr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Very long instruction word-Backward compatibility-Intel's Itanium architecture (among others) solved the backward-compatibility problem with a more general mechanism. Within each of the multiple-opcode instructions, a bit field is allocated to denote dependency on the prior VLIW instruction within the program instruct... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Composition (objects)-Mereology of material objects-(2) There is no principled way determine a cutoff for composition along such continuums (no non-arbitrary way to determine between (1, 2, 3) and (1, 2, 3, 4)).\n(3) Since the nature of existence does not allow for indeterminacy a cutoff must be specified (a failure t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Soft hyphen-Text to be formatted by the recipient-The use of SHY characters in text that will be broken into lines by the recipient is the application context considered by the post-1999 HTML and Unicode specifications, as well as some word-processing file formats. In this context, the soft hyphen may also be called a... | large_corpus_distillation |
happy end, logo, marker, market, notebook, puzzle, ranking, snack bar, scrabble, show, teflon, weekend; Maritime terms: kil, maszt, slup, spinaker, szekla, szkuner; Food: cheeseburger, chipsy, dressing, fast food, grill, hamburger, hot dog, lunch, popcorn, tostTake note, that some of the borrowed words already have Pol... | large_corpus_distillation |
otherwise\nFind the probability that the point (X,Y) is inside the unit square and interpret the result.\n53) Consider X and Y two random variables of probability densities p 1 (x) and p 2 (x), respectively. The random variables X and Y\nare said to be independent if their joint density function is given by p ( x,y)=p ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"ZRTP-Authentication-The Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange by itself does not provide protection against a man-in-the-middle attack. To ensure that the attacker is indeed not present in the first session (when no shared secrets exist), the Short Authentication String (SAS) method is used: the communicating parties verba... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Test strategy-Test status collections and reporting-When test cases are executed, the test leader and the project manager must know, where exactly the project stands in terms of testing activities. To know where the project stands, the inputs from the individual testers must come to the test leader. This will include,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Glicko rating system-Glicko-2 algorithm-Step 2: Determine new rating volatility We then need to choose a small constant \u03c4 which constrains the volatility over time, for instance 0.2 (smaller values of \u03c4 prevent dramatic rating changes after upset results). Then, for ln \u2061(\u03c32)\u03c42, we need to f... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Verb\u2013object\u2013subject word order-Generative analysis-Examples in Seediq:VP-external constituents are the only accessible constituents when structures require movements (like relative clauses or topicalization). In other words, structures requiring movements may access constituents only if they are external to ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mask (computing)-Common bitmask functions-Example: Querying the status of the 4th bit 10011101 10010101 AND 00001000 00001000 = 00001000 00000000 Toggling bit values So far the article has covered how to turn bits on and turn bits off, but not both at once. Sometimes it does not really matter what the value is, but it... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Unstructured Supplementary Service Data-Unstructured Supplementary Service Data-Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), sometimes referred to as \"quick codes\" or \"feature codes\", is a communications protocol used by GSM cellular telephones to communicate with the mobile network operator's computers. USSD c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Flat morphism-Properties of flat morphisms-For every point x of X, Spec Spec \u2061OY,f(x) For every irreducible closed subset Y\u2032 of Y, every irreducible component of f\u22121(Y\u2032) dominates Y\u2032.\nIf Z and Z\u2032 are two irreducible closed subsets of Y with Z contained in Z\u2032, then for every irreduc... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Z* theorem-Details-The original paper Glauberman (1966) gave several criteria for an element to lie outside Z*(G). Its theorem 4 states: For an element t in T, it is necessary and sufficient for t to lie outside Z*(G) that there is some g in G and abelian subgroup U of T satisfying the following properties: g normaliz... | large_corpus_distillation |
"TPR Storytelling-Method-The three phrases (structures) are written on the blackboard, or another place where the students can easily see them, and are translated into the students' native language if a shared native language is available. If students forget what a phrase means, they can glance at the board and check t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Presentation of a monoid-Construction-In the typical situation, the relation R is simply given as a set of equations, so that R={u1=v1,\u2026,un=vn} . Thus, for example, \u27e8p,q|pq=1\u27e9 is the equational presentation for the bicyclic monoid, and \u27e8a,b|aba=baa,bba=bab\u27e9 is the plactic monoid of degree 2 (... | large_corpus_distillation |
"MPS (format)-Variables-The COLUMNS section contains the entries of the A-matrix. All entries for a given column must be placed consecutively, although within a column the order of the entries (rows) is irrelevant. Rows not mentioned for a column are implied to have a coefficient of zero." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Group (mathematics)-Definition and illustration-More generally, one speaks of an additive group whenever the group operation is notated as addition; in this case, the identity is typically denoted 0 , and the inverse of an element x is denoted \u2212x . Similarly, one speaks of a multiplicative group whenever the g... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Grammage-Grammage-In the metric system, the mass per unit area of all types of paper and paperboard is expressed in terms of grams per square metre (g/m2 or gsm or g/sm). This quantity is commonly called grammage in both English and French, though printers in most English-speaking countries still refer to the \"weight... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Normal-exponential-gamma distribution-Normal-exponential-gamma distribution-In probability theory and statistics, the normal-exponential-gamma distribution (sometimes called the NEG distribution) is a three-parameter family of continuous probability distributions. It has a location parameter \u03bc , scale parameter ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dice-Loaded dice-A loaded, weighted, cheat, or crooked die is one that has been tampered with so that it will land with a specific side facing upwards more or less often than a fair die would. There are several methods for making loaded dice, including rounded faces, off-square faces, and weights. Casinos and gambling... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Distributed version control-Work model-Organizations utilizing this centralize pattern often choose to host the central repository on a third party service like GitHub, which offers not only more reliable uptime than self-hosted repositories, but can also add centralized features like issue trackers and continuous int... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dekker's algorithm-Overview-Dekker's algorithm guarantees mutual exclusion, freedom from deadlock, and freedom from starvation. Let us see why the last property holds. Suppose p0 is stuck inside the while wants_to_enter[1] loop forever. There is freedom from deadlock, so eventually p1 will proceed to its critical sect... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Oddy test-Development-The Oddy test has gone through many changes and refinements over time. Whereas Andrew Oddy proposed to place each metal coupon in a separate glass container with the material to be tested, Bamberger et al. proposed a \"three-in-one\" test, where all three metal coupons shared one container, simpl... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Large numbers-Standardized system of writing-A standardized way of writing very large numbers allows them to be easily sorted in increasing order, and one can get a good idea of how much larger a number is than another one.\nTo compare numbers in scientific notation, say 5\u00d7104 and 2\u00d7105, compare the exponent... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm-Introduction-Finding a maximum likelihood solution typically requires taking the derivatives of the likelihood function with respect to all the unknown values, the parameters and the latent variables, and simultaneously solving the resulting equations. In statistical models with... | large_corpus_distillation |
irrelevant. Define: := Ez\u223cP[f(z)] \u2013 the expected error of some error function f\u2208F on the real distribution P := 1m\u2211i=1mf(zi) \u2013 the estimated error of some error function f\u2208F on the sample S .The representativeness of the sample S , with respect to P and F , is defined as: Rep := sup... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Post's lattice-Naming of clones-A is the set of affine functions: the functions satisfying f(a1,\u2026,ai\u22121,c,ai+1,\u2026,an)=f(a1,\u2026,d,ai+1,\u2026)\u21d2f(b1,\u2026,c,bi+1,\u2026)=f(b1,\u2026,d,bi+1,\u2026) for every i \u2264 n, a, b \u2208 2n, and c, d \u2208 2. Equivalently, the functions expressible as f(... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Neighbor joining-The algorithm-Neighbor joining takes a distance matrix, which specifies the distance between each pair of taxa, as input.\nThe algorithm starts with a completely unresolved tree, whose topology corresponds to that of a star network, and iterates over the following steps, until the tree is completely r... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Memory paging-Addressing limits on 32-bit hardware-However, even in this case, paging can be used to create a virtual memory of over 4 GB. For instance, many programs may be running concurrently. Together, they may require more than 4 GB, but not all of it will have to be in RAM at once. A paging system makes efficien... | large_corpus_distillation |
"P3P-Benefits-Moreover, since there has been an increase of browsers there are more users at risk running into privacy problems. But the Internet Education Foundation points out that, \u201cP3P has been developed to help steer the force of technology a step further toward automatic communication of data management prac... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lule\u00e5 algorithm-First level-The first level of the data structure consists of A bit vector consisting of 216 = 65,536 bits, with one entry for each 16-bit prefix of an IPv4 address. A bit in this table is set to one if there is routing information associated with that prefix or with a longer sequence beginning wi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cranfield experiments-Cranfield experiments-The Cranfield experiments were a series of experimental studies in information retrieval conducted by Cyril W. Cleverdon at the College of Aeronautics, today known as Cranfield University, in the 1960s to evaluate the efficiency of indexing systems. The experiments were brok... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Layer (deep learning)-Layer Types-The first type of layer is the Dense layer, also called the fully-connected layer, and is used for abstract representations of input data. In this layer, neurons connect to every neuron in the preceding layer. In multilayer perceptron networks, these layers are stacked together. The ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Rank\u2013size distribution-Segmentation-Purely quantitatively, a conventional way of splitting a distribution into head and tail is to consider the head to be the first p portion of ranks, which account for 1\u2212p of the overall population, as in the 80:20 Pareto principle, where the top 20% (head) comprises 80% o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Data model-Related models-An information model provides formalism to the description of a problem domain without constraining how that description is mapped to an actual implementation in software. There may be many mappings of the information model. Such mappings are called data models, irrespective of whether they a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"KeeLoq-Attacks-Using the details of the algorithm that were leaked in 2006, the researchers started to analyze the weaknesses. After determining the part of the key common to cars of a specific model, the unique bits of the key can be cracked with only sniffed communication between the key and the car.\nMicrochip intr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"One-time pad-Problems-Despite Shannon's proof of its security, the one-time pad has serious drawbacks in practice because it requires: Truly random, as opposed to pseudorandom, one-time pad values, which is a non-trivial requirement. Random number generation in computers is often difficult, and pseudorandom number gen... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Object\u2013verb word order-Object\u2013verb word order-In linguistics, an OV language (object\u2013verb language), or a language with object-verb word order, is a language in which the object comes before the verb. OV languages compose approximately forty-seven percent of documented languages.They are primarily left-... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Shannon\u2013Fano\u2013Elias coding-Algorithm description-Given a discrete random variable X of ordered values to be encoded, let p(x) be the probability for any x in X. Define a function F\u00af(x)=\u2211xi<xp(xi)+12p(x) Algorithm: For each x in X, Let Z be the binary expansion of F\u00af(x) Choose the length of t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"UMLsec-Adversary model-To ensure security it is necessary to specify what kind of attacker is assumed. In UMLsec, the attacker model is defined through the threats that it poses. The table below defines the default adversary. Other adversaries may of course be defined." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Loss function-Decision rules-A decision rule makes a choice using an optimality criterion. Some commonly used criteria are: Minimax: Choose the decision rule with the lowest worst loss \u2014 that is, minimize the worst-case (maximum possible) loss: Invariance: Choose the decision rule which satisfies an invariance r... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sato\u2013Tate conjecture-Statement-Let E be an elliptic curve defined over the rational numbers without complex multiplication. For a prime number p, define \u03b8p as the solution to the equation cos \u2061\u03b8p(0\u2264\u03b8p\u2264\u03c0).\nThen, for every two real numbers \u03b1 and \u03b2 for which 0\u2264\u... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Acyclic dependencies principle-Cycle breaking strategies-It is in general always possible to break a cyclic dependency chain. The two most common strategies are: Dependency inversion principle Create a new package, and move the common dependencies there." | large_corpus_distillation |
"SHA-1-SHA-1-In cryptography, SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) is a hash function which takes an input and produces a 160-bit (20-byte) hash value known as a message digest \u2013 typically rendered as 40 hexadecimal digits. It was designed by the United States National Security Agency, and is a U.S. Federal Information... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Set packing-Set packing-The problem is clearly in NP since, given t subsets, we can easily verify that they are pairwise disjoint in polynomial time.\nThe optimization version of the problem, maximum set packing, asks for the maximum number of pairwise disjoint sets in the list. It is a maximization problem that can ... | large_corpus_distillation |
drivers' memory access In monolithic kernels, a driver can write to any word of memory and thus accidentally corrupt user programs." | large_corpus_distillation |
"n=1 n\nIn the simulation of the special distribution simulator, select the chi-square distribution. Start with and increase . Note\nn\nthe shape of the probability density function in light of the previous theorem. For selected values of , run the experiment 1000\ntimes and compare the empirical density function to th... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Legacy system-Overview-Newer systems perform undesirable (especially for individual or non-institutional users) secondary functions such as a) tracking and reporting of user activity and/or b) automatic updating that creates \"back-door\" security vulnerabilities and leaves end users dependent on the good faith and ho... | large_corpus_distillation |
some were relevant to the doctor\u2019s office script and others were not relevant to the script at all. Here, participants tended to recognize certain non-story sentences as having come from the story if the non-story sentence was relevant to the script. Ultimately, Bower, Black, and Turner\u2019s study suggested that... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Schwartz\u2013Zippel lemma-Schwartz\u2013Zippel lemma-In mathematics, the Schwartz\u2013Zippel lemma (also called the DeMillo\u2013Lipton\u2013Schwartz\u2013Zippel lemma) is a tool commonly used in probabilistic polynomial identity testing, i.e. in the problem of determining whether a given multivariate polynomial is ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Distribution (mathematics)-Spaces of distributions-For all 0<k<\u221e and all 1<p<\u221e, every one of the following canonical injections is continuous and has an image (also called the range) that is a dense subset of its codomain: where the topologies on Lcq(U) (1\u2264q\u2264\u221e ) are defined as direct limits... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Field (mathematics)-Elementary notions-The requirement 1 \u2260 0 follows, because 1 is the identity element of a group that does not contain 0. Thus, the trivial ring, consisting of a single element, is not a field.\nEvery finite subgroup of the multiplicative group of a field is cyclic (see Root of unity \u00a7 Cycl... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Feature creep-Control-Separation Later feature creep may be avoided by basing initial design on strong software fundamentals, such as logical separation of functionality and data access, e.g. using submenus that are optionally accessible by power users who desire more functionality and a higher verbosity of informatio... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Location arithmetic-Location numerals-AlphabetIndex(c) = 2, so... e => f => g To find the product of two multiple digit numbers, make a two column table. In the left column write the digits of the first number, one below the other. For each digit in the left column, multiply that digit and the second number and record... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Orthogonal functions-Polynomials-If one begins with the monomial sequence {1,x,x2,\u2026} on the interval [\u22121,1] and applies the Gram\u2013Schmidt process, then one obtains the Legendre polynomials. Another collection of orthogonal polynomials are the associated Legendre polynomials.\nThe study of orthogonal po... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Interference freedom-Auxiliary variables-Instead of using auxiliary variables, one can introduce a program counter into the proof system, but that adds complexity to the proof system." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Random walk closeness centrality-Intuition-A node is considered to be close to other nodes, if the random walk process initiated from any node of the network arrives to this particular node in relatively few steps on average." | large_corpus_distillation |
shell (1986) Cleaned up parameter handling allows recursively callable functions \u2013 SVR3 shell (1986) 8-bit clean \u2013 SVR3 shell (1986) Job control \u2013 SVR4 shell (1989) Multi-byte support \u2013 SVR4 shell (1989) " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Virtual assistant-Devices and objects where found-Virtual assistants may be integrated into many types of platforms or, like Amazon Alexa, across several of them: Into devices like smart speakers such as Amazon Echo, Google Home and Apple HomePod In instant messaging applications on both smartphones and via the Web, e... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Social search-Research and implementations-In January 2013, Facebook announced a new search engine called Graph Search still in the beta stages. The goal was to allow users to prioritize results that were popular with their social circle over the general internet. Facebook's Graph search utilized Facebook's user gener... | large_corpus_distillation |
both functions into a single piezoelectric transceiver.\nUltrasound transmitters can also use non-piezoelectric principles. such as magnetostriction. Materials with this property change size slightly when exposed to a magnetic field and make practical transducers.\nA capacitor (\"condenser\") microphone has a thin diap... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bluetooth Low Energy-Implementation-Chip Starting in late 2009, Bluetooth Low Energy integrated circuits were announced by a number of manufacturers. These ICs commonly use software radio so updates to the specification can be accommodated through a firmware upgrade.\nHardware Current mobile devices are commonly relea... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Personal Storage Table-Data access-Microsoft (MS) offers three values for the encryption setting: none, compressible, and high.\nNone the .pst data is stored as plain text.\nCompressible the .pst data is encrypted with a byte-substitution cipher with a fixed substitution table.\nHigh (sometimes called \"better\") encr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mathematical induction-Description-The simplest and most common form of mathematical induction infers that a statement involving a natural number n (that is, an integer n \u2265 0 or 1) holds for all values of n. The proof consists of two steps: The base case (or initial case): prove that the statement holds for 0, or... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Maximum term method-Proof-Consider the sum S=\u2211N=1MTN where TN >0 for all N. Since all the terms are positive, the value of S must be greater than the value of the largest term, max , and less than the product of the number of terms and the value of the largest term. So we have max max .\nTaking logarithm gives ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"ANTLR-Licensing-ANTLR 3 and ANTLR 4 are free software, published under a three-clause BSD License. Prior versions were released as public domain software. Documentation, derived from Parr's book The Definitive ANTLR 4 Reference, is included with the BSD-licensed ANTLR 4 source.Various plugins have been developed for t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Jakarta Server Pages-Compiler-A JavaServer Pages compiler is a program that parses JSPs, and transforms them into executable Java Servlets. A program of this type is usually embedded into the application server and run automatically the first time a JSP is accessed, but pages may also be precompiled for better perform... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak Lineages-Description-Model training These manually curated lineage designations, and the associated genome sequences, are the input into the machine learning model training. This model, both the training and the assignment, has been termed 'pangoLEARN'. The current vers... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pretty Good Privacy-Design-Certificates In the (more recent) OpenPGP specification, trust signatures can be used to support creation of certificate authorities. A trust signature indicates both that the key belongs to its claimed owner and that the owner of the key is trustworthy to sign other keys at one level below ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"SHA-2-Test vectors-Hash values of an empty string (i.e., a zero-length input text)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Qbs (build tool)-Build process-Each build project contains a single build graph (*.bg) file in the directory where Qbs stores the serialized representation of its internal build graph format. Deserializing this file and utilizing the cached information allows Qbs to very quickly resolve the project, leading to near-in... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cache (computing)-Examples of hardware caches-DSPs Digital signal processors have similarly generalised over the years. Earlier designs used scratchpad memory fed by DMA, but modern DSPs such as Qualcomm Hexagon often include a very similar set of caches to a CPU (e.g. Modified Harvard architecture with shared L2, spl... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Linear-feedback shift register-Output-stream properties-Ones and zeroes occur in \"runs\". The output stream 1110010, for example, consists of four runs of lengths 3, 2, 1, 1, in order. In one period of a maximal LFSR, 2n\u22121 runs occur (in the example above, the 3-bit LFSR has 4 runs). Exactly half of these runs a... | large_corpus_distillation |
handling continuous values is to use binning to discretize the feature values and obtain a new set of Bernoulli-distributed features. Some literature suggests that this is required in order to use naive Bayes, but it is not true, as the discretization may throw away discriminative information.Sometimes the distribution... | large_corpus_distillation |
"HTTPS-Technical-Server setup To prepare a web server to accept HTTPS connections, the administrator must create a public key certificate for the web server. This certificate must be signed by a trusted certificate authority for the web browser to accept it without warning. The authority certifies that the certificate ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Implementation of mathematics in set theory-Cardinal numbers-With each infinite cardinal, many order types are associated for the usual reasons (in either set theory).\nCantor's theorem shows (in both theories) that there are nontrivial distinctions between infinite cardinal numbers. In ZFC, one proves |A|<|P(A)|." | large_corpus_distillation |
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