text stringlengths 5 1.02k | source stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|
"Transparency (graphic)-Compositing calculations-While some transparency specifications are vague, others may give mathematical details of how two colors are to be composited. This gives a fairly simple example of how compositing calculations can work, can produce the expected results, and can also produce surprises.\n... | large_corpus_distillation |
person's birthday for official purposes), noted by an asterisk (*)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Query theory-Measures-A statistical method used for analyzing the tendency of an individual to produce value-increasing aspects before value-decreasing is the standardized median rank difference (SMRD). This statistic is calculated as the 2(MRi \u2013 MRd)/n where MRd is defined as the median rank of value decreasing ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Margin classifier-Margin classifier-In machine learning, a margin classifier is a classifier which is able to give an associated distance from the decision boundary for each example. For instance, if a linear classifier (e.g. perceptron or linear discriminant analysis) is used, the distance (typically euclidean distan... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Symmetric probability distribution-Properties-The median and the mean (if it exists) of a symmetric distribution both occur at the point x0 about which the symmetry occurs.\nIf a symmetric distribution is unimodal, the mode coincides with the median and mean.\nAll odd central moments of a symmetric distribution equal... | large_corpus_distillation |
"State machine replication-The State Machine Approach-Ordering Inputs The critical step in building a distributed system of State Machines is choosing an order for the Inputs to be processed. Since all non-faulty replicas will arrive at the same State and Output if given the same Inputs, it is imperative that the Input... | large_corpus_distillation |
used to run an application can be significantly reduced." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Practical arguments-Example 2-Where: C=claim, W=warrant, G=ground, and Q=qualifierC: Humans can't fly.\nQ: In a gravity field without assistance or modification W1: Because it defies the laws of Newtonian physics it can not be done.\nQ: Fact G1: It defies the laws of Newtonian physics.\nQ: Disputable fact W1.1: Becaus... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Multiprocessing-Key topics-Processor symmetry In a multiprocessing system, all CPUs may be equal, or some may be reserved for special purposes. A combination of hardware and operating system software design considerations determine the symmetry (or lack thereof) in a given system. For example, hardware or software con... | large_corpus_distillation |
on fast modern computers. By the start of the 21st century, 150-digit numbers were no longer considered a large enough key size for RSA. Numbers with several hundred digits were still considered too hard to factor in 2005, though methods will probably continue to improve over time, requiring key size to keep pace or ot... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Concatenated error correction code-Concatenated error correction code-In coding theory, concatenated codes form a class of error-correcting codes that are derived by combining an inner code and an outer code. They were conceived in 1966 by Dave Forney as a solution to the problem of finding a code that has both expone... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors-Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices-Eigenvalues and the characteristic polynomial Equation (2) has a nonzero solution v if and only if the determinant of the matrix (A \u2212 \u03bbI) is zero. Therefore, the eigenvalues of A are values of \u03bb that satisfy the equation Using the Lei... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pearson correlation coefficient-Sensitivity to the data distribution-Existence The population Pearson correlation coefficient is defined in terms of moments, and therefore exists for any bivariate probability distribution for which the population covariance is defined and the marginal population variances are defined ... | large_corpus_distillation |
period of time\".\n\u04cf\u0430\u0434\u0436\u044d \"many\".\n\u0445\u044a\u043e\u0438 \"plenty\".\n\u0430\u043f\u04cf\u044d \"load of\".\n\u0437\u0430\u0443\u043b\u044d \"several\".\n\u0441\u044b\u0434\u044d\u0443 \"so\".\nAdverbs of quality Adverbs of this group are formed from the appropriate qualitative adjectives u... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Non-negative matrix factorization-Applications-The algorithm for NMF denoising goes as follows. Two dictionaries, one for speech and one for noise, need to be trained offline. Once a noisy speech is given, we first calculate the magnitude of the Short-Time-Fourier-Transform. Second, separate it into two parts via NMF,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lattice-based cryptography-History-The first lattice-based public-key encryption scheme whose security was proven under worst-case hardness assumptions was introduced by Oded Regev in 2005, together with the Learning with Errors problem (LWE). Since then, much follow-up work has focused on improving Regev's security p... | large_corpus_distillation |
\u03d5(9)=6 mod 9), so the values of \u03bd9 are a124578\u03bd9(a)012543 .The nonzero values of the characters mod 9 are ( \u03c9=\u03b66,\u03c93=\u22121 )124578\u03c79,1111111\u03c79,21\u03c9\u03c92\u2212\u03c92\u2212\u03c9\u22121\u03c79,41\u03c92\u2212\u03c9\u2212\u03c9\u03c921\u03c79,51\u2212\u03c92\u2212\u03c9\u03... | large_corpus_distillation |
individual terms, though the task of assigning a meaningful label to an individual topic (i.e., that all the terms are DOG_related) is up to the user, and often requires specialized knowledge (e.g., for collection of technical documents). The LDA approach assumes that: The semantic content of a document is composed by ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Consensus (computer science)-Models of computation-Randomized consensus algorithms can circumvent the FLP impossibility result by achieving both safety and liveness with overwhelming probability, even under worst-case scheduling scenarios such as an intelligent denial-of-service attacker in the network." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bowlliards-Gameplay-At the start of each \"frame\" (round of play, in bowling terms), ten object balls are racked in a triangle with the front ball placed at the foot spot. The cue ball is placed behind the head string and the first player breaks. After the break the player gets ball in hand and tries to pocket as man... | large_corpus_distillation |
"ElGamal encryption-The algorithm-Choose an integer x randomly from {1,\u2026,q\u22121} Compute := gx The public key consists of the values (G,q,g,h) . Alice publishes this public key and retains x as her private key, which must be kept secret.\nEncryption A second party, Bob, encrypts a message M to Alice under ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Quine\u2013McCluskey algorithm-Example-Input In this example, the input is a Boolean function in four variables, f:{0,1}4\u2192{0,1} which evaluates to 1 on the values 10 11 12 and 15 , evaluates to an unknown value on 9 and 14 , and to 0 everywhere else (where these integers are interpreted in their binary for... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Grammatical tense-In particular languages-Other languages Finnish and Hungarian, both members of the Uralic language family, have morphological present (non-past) and past tenses. The Hungarian verb van (\"to be\") also has a future form.\nTurkish verbs conjugate for past, present and future, with a variety of aspects... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cryptographic hash function-Cryptographic hash algorithms-RIPEMD-160 RIPEMD (RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest) is a family of cryptographic hash functions developed in Leuven, Belgium, by Hans Dobbertin, Antoon Bosselaers, and Bart Preneel at the COSIC research group at the Katholieke Universiteit L... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Restricted randomization-Split-plot designs-There are 16 subplot experimental units for this experiment. Solution temperature and current are the subplot factors in this experiment. There are four whole-plot experimental units in this experiment. Solution concentration is the whole-plot factor in this experiment. Sinc... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Code generation-Code generation-In computing, code generation denotes software techniques or systems that generate program code which may then be used independently of the generator system in a runtime environment. Specific articles: Code generation (compiler), a mechanism to produce the executable form of computer p... | large_corpus_distillation |
"w=f(x,y,z)\nand it is subject to two constraints:\ng(x,y,z)=0 andh(x,y,z)=0.\nThere are two Lagrange multipliers, \u03bb 1 and \u03bb 2, and the system of equations becomes\n\u21c0 \u21c0 \u21c0\n\u2207f(x ,y ,z ) =\u03bb \u2207g(x ,y ,z )+\u03bb \u2207h(x ,y ,z )\n0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0\ng(x ,y ,z )=0\n0 0 0\nh(x ,y ,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Proofs of Fermat's little theorem-Proofs using group theory-For example, when p = 11, the inverses of each element are given as follows: Euler's proof If we take the previous proof and, instead of using Lagrange's theorem, we try to prove it in this specific situation, then we get Euler's third proof, which is the one... | large_corpus_distillation |
6). Lifehacker.com rated it the best BitTorrent client available (Windows) in 2008, 2011 (Windows and Mac) and a follow-up user poll rated it the most popular torrent client in 2015. CNET.com gave it 5 stars (of 5) saying it features \"light and quick downloading\".In November 2009, 52 million users were reported to be... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Py (cipher)-Py (cipher)-At Indocrypt 2007, Gautham Sekar, Souradyuti Paul and Bart Preneel proposed two new ciphers RCR-32 and RCR-64 based on the design principles of Pypy and Py, respectively. These replace a variable rotate in Py with a fixed rotate, eliminating an attack and speeding up the cipher slightly. The TP... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lorentz space-Properties-The space Lp,q is contained in Lp,r whenever q<r . The Lorentz spaces are real interpolation spaces between L1 and L\u221e H\u00f6lder's inequality \u2016fg\u2016Lp,q\u2264Ap1,p2,q1,q2\u2016f\u2016Lp1,q1\u2016g\u2016Lp2,q2 where 0<p,p1,p2<\u221e , 0<q,q1,q2\u2264\u221e , 1/p=1/p1+1/p2 ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"MIPS architecture-Versions-MIPS IV added several features to improve instruction-level parallelism. To alleviate the bottleneck caused by a single condition bit, seven condition code bits were added to the floating-point control and status register, bringing the total to eight. FP comparison and branch instructions we... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Exponentially modified Gaussian distribution-Exponentially modified Gaussian distribution-In probability theory, an exponentially modified Gaussian distribution (EMG, also known as exGaussian distribution) describes the sum of independent normal and exponential random variables. An exGaussian random variable Z may be ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Weighted arithmetic mean-Weighted arithmetic mean-The weighted arithmetic mean is similar to an ordinary arithmetic mean (the most common type of average), except that instead of each of the data points contributing equally to the final average, some data points contribute more than others. The notion of weighted mean... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Prior art-Defining prior art-Prior art may comprise information that is disclosed to the public in written form, oral form, or by use. Sources of disclosure in written form may include published patents or patent applications or scientific and technical books and journals. Unpublished patent applications may also be c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tensor rank decomposition-Tensor rank decomposition-Canonical polyadic decomposition (CPD) is a variant of the rank decomposition which computes the best fitting K rank\u22121 terms for a user specified K . The CP decomposition has found some applications in linguistics and chemometrics. The CP rank was introduced b... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Proofs of convergence of random variables-Convergence in probability to a sequence converging in distribution implies convergence to the same distribution-|Yn\u2212Xn|\u2192p0,Xn\u2192dX\u21d2Yn\u2192dX Proof: We will prove this theorem using the portmanteau lemma, part B. As required in that lemma, consider any bound... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Influential observation-Outliers, leverage and influence-An outlier may be defined as a data point that differs significantly from other observations.\nA high-leverage point are observations made at extreme values of independent variables.\nBoth types of atypical observations will force the regression line to be close... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Polynomial-Operations-Composition Given a polynomial f of a single variable and another polynomial g of any number of variables, the composition f\u2218g is obtained by substituting each copy of the variable of the first polynomial by the second polynomial. For example, if f(x)=x2+2x and g(x)=3x+2 then A compositi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cryptographic hash function-Properties-In some theoretical analyses \"difficult\" has a specific mathematical meaning, such as \"not solvable in asymptotic polynomial time\". Such interpretations of difficulty are important in the study of provably secure cryptographic hash functions but do not usually have a strong c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Swarm intelligence-Metaheuristics-Metaheuristics lack a confidence in a solution. When appropriate parameters are determined, and when sufficient convergence stage is achieved, they often find a solution that is optimal, or near close to optimum \u2013 nevertheless, if one does not know optimal solution in advance, a ... | large_corpus_distillation |
such as a primary key or email address.\nLinear hashing Another type of index used in database systems is linear hashing." | large_corpus_distillation |
"IP (complexity)-Proof of IP = PSPACE-Since we have now shown that both IP \u2286 PSPACE and PSPACE \u2286 IP, we can conclude that IP = PSPACE as desired. Moreover, we have shown that any IP algorithm may be taken to be public-coin, since the reduction from PSPACE to IP has this property." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Reed\u2013Solomon error correction-Constructions (encoding)-Formally, the construction is done by multiplying p(x) by xt to make room for the t=n\u2212k check symbols, dividing that product by g(x) to find the remainder, and then compensating for that remainder by subtracting it. The t check symbols are created b... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Static (keyword)-Common C/C++ behavior-In C and C++, the effect of the static keyword in C depends on where the declaration occurs." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Maximum coverage problem-Greedy algorithm-The greedy algorithm for maximum coverage chooses sets according to one rule: at each stage, choose a set which contains the largest number of uncovered elements. It can be shown that this algorithm achieves an approximation ratio of 1\u22121e . ln-approximability results sho... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hash function-Hashing integer data types-Folding A folding hash code is produced by dividing the input into n sections of m bits, where 2m is the table size, and using a parity-preserving bitwise operation such as ADD or XOR to combine the sections, followed by a mask or shifts to trim off any excess bits at the high ... | large_corpus_distillation |
solution. However, the negative log-likelihood, \u2212\u2113(\u03b8\u2223X,Y) , is a convex function, and so standard convex optimization techniques such as gradient descent can be applied to find the optimal value of \u03b8." | large_corpus_distillation |
:S\u2192T A, B\u2286S\nSuppose that , and that . Then\nf(A\u222aB)=f(A)\u222af(B)\n1. .\nf(A\u2229B)\u2286f(A)\u2229f(B) f\n2. . Equality holds if is one-to-one.\nf(A)\u2216f(B)\u2286f(A\u2216B) f\n3. . Equality holds if is one-to-one.\nA\u2286B f(A)\u2286f(B)\n4. If then .\nProof\ny\u2208f(A\u222aB) y=f(x) x\u2208A\u2... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Computer virus-Targets and replication-Computer viruses infect a variety of different subsystems on their host computers and software. One manner of classifying viruses is to analyze whether they reside in binary executables (such as .EXE or .COM files), data files (such as Microsoft Word documents or PDF files), or i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"E series of preferred numbers-Lists-List of values for each E series: E3 values (40% tolerance) 1.0, 2.2, 4.7 E6 values (20% tolerance) 1.0, 1.5, 2.2, 3.3, 4.7, 6.8 E12 values (10% tolerance) 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2.2, 2.7, 3.3, 3.9, 4.7, 5.6, 6.8, 8.2 E24 values (5% tolerance) 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0, 2.... | large_corpus_distillation |
the iteration of the Euclidean algorithm becomes simply rk = rk\u22122 mod rk\u22121." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Linear programming relaxation-Linear programming relaxation-In mathematics, the relaxation of a (mixed) integer linear program is the problem that arises by removing the integrality constraint of each variable.\nFor example, in a 0\u20131 integer program, all constraints are of the form xi\u2208{0,1} .The relaxation o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Clustering high-dimensional data-Approaches-For example, the PreDeCon algorithm checks which attributes seem to support a clustering for each point, and adjusts the distance function such that dimensions with low variance are amplified in the distance function. In the figure above, the cluster cc might be found using... | large_corpus_distillation |
in terms of duration and quality to meet critical schedules and budget restrictions. Costs are expected to go down as the time between development and testing feedback decreases. With shorter feedback loops, bugs fixes and reworks require less time as developers spend much less time reengaging the code's context as the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Social data analysis-Social data analysis-Social data analysis is the data-driven analysis of how people interact in social contexts, often with data obtained from social networking services. The goal may be to simply understand human behavior or even to propagate a story of interest to the target audience. Techniques... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Zygalski sheets-Method-Zygalski's device comprised a set of 26 perforated sheets for each of the, initially, six possible sequences for inserting the three rotors into the Enigma machine's scrambler. Each sheet related to the starting position of the left (slowest-moving) rotor.\nThe 26 \u00d7 26 matrix represented th... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Confidence and prediction bands-Prediction bands-In mathematical terms, a prediction band f^(x)\u00b1w(x) with coverage probability 1 \u2212 \u03b1 satisfies the following condition for each value of x: Pr (f^(x)\u2212w(x)\u2264y\u2217\u2264f^(x)+w(x))=1\u2212\u03b1, where y* is an observation taken from the data-gen... | large_corpus_distillation |
to. In the above examples, the character ( (0x28) designates a 94-character set to the G0 character set, whereas ), * or + (0x29\u20130x2B) designates to the G1\u2013G3 character sets." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Desktop environment-History and common use-Microsoft Windows dominates in marketshare among personal computers with a desktop environment. Computers using Unix-like operating systems such as macOS, ChromeOS, Linux, BSD or Solaris are much less common; however, as of 2015 there is a growing market for low-cost Linux PC... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Extractor (mathematics)-Extractor (mathematics)-A disperser is a related graph. An equivalent way to view an extractor is as a bivariate function E:[N]\u00d7[D]\u2192[M] in the natural way. With this view it turns out that the extractor property is equivalent to: for any source of randomness X that gives n bits wi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cyclotomic fast Fourier transform-Background-The discrete Fourier transform over finite fields finds widespread application in the decoding of error-correcting codes such as BCH codes and Reed\u2013Solomon codes. Generalized from the complex field, a discrete Fourier transform of a sequence {fi}0N\u22121 over a finit... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mertens function-Mertens function-The Mertens conjecture went further, stating that there would be no x where the absolute value of the Mertens function exceeds the square root of x. The Mertens conjecture was proven false in 1985 by Andrew Odlyzko and Herman te Riele. However, the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Latin tenses in dependent clauses-Tenses in 'infinitive' mode-Secondary tense Secondary future 'Infinitive' verb groups can represent an event that is future at the time of saying, knowing, expecting or hoping.\nThe 'active infinitive' mode is often realised by a simple accusative future participle. The 'passive infin... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Association list-Performance-The disadvantage of association lists is that the time to search is O(n), where n is the length of the list. For large lists, this may be much slower than the times that can be obtained by representing an associative array as a binary search tree or as a hash table.\nAdditionally, unless t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Channel expansion theory-Criticism-Channel expansion theory has been criticized for being originally applied to a single medium - email - and not having tested whether it operates similarly for more traditional media (like telephone) or advanced technologies (like videoconferencing). Another shortcoming of the theory ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Program evaluation and review technique-Implementation-The duration of path beg is 15.67 work days.The critical path is aceg and the critical time is 19.51 work days. It is important to note that there can be more than one critical path (in a project more complex than this example) or that the critical path can change... | large_corpus_distillation |
"History of natural language processing-Research and development-Up to the 1980s, most NLP systems were based on complex sets of hand-written rules. Starting in the late 1980s, however, there was a revolution in NLP with the introduction of machine learning algorithms for language processing. This was due both to the s... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tf\u2013idf-Derivatives-A number of term-weighting schemes have derived from tf\u2013idf. One of them is TF\u2013PDF (term frequency * proportional document frequency). TF\u2013PDF was introduced in 2001 in the context of identifying emerging topics in the media. The PDF component measures the difference of how often ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Quod Libet (software)-Features-Audio playback Can deal with various audio back-ends via the plug-in architecture of GStreamer Supports ReplayGain with smart selection based on either a single track or full album, based on the current view and play order 'Real' shuffle mode- entire playlist played before repeating Rati... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Direct product of groups-Generalizations-Free products The free product of G and H, usually denoted G \u2217 H, is similar to the direct product, except that the subgroups G and H of G \u2217 H are not required to commute. That is, if G = \u3008 SG | RG \u3009 and H = \u3008 SH | RH \u3009,are presentations for G and ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Software construction-Construction technologies-Error-handling, exception-handling, and fault tolerance Error-handling refers to the programming practice of anticipating and coding for error conditions that may arise when the program runs. Exception-handling is a programming-language construct or hardware mechanism de... | large_corpus_distillation |
"MinHash-Min-wise independent permutations-Practical min-wise independent hash functions Because of the above impracticality, two variant notions of min-wise independence have been introduced: restricted min-wise independent permutations families, and approximate min-wise independent families.\nRestricted min-wise inde... | large_corpus_distillation |
"B-tree-In filesystems-In addition to its use in databases, the B-tree (or \u00a7 Variants) is also used in filesystems to allow quick random access to an arbitrary block in a particular file. The basic problem is turning the file block i address into a disk block address." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Locally testable code-Examples-Hadamard code One of the most famous error-correcting codes, the Hadamard code, is a locally testable code. A codeword x is encoded in the Hadamard code to be the linear function f(y)=\u2211ixiyi (mod 2). This requires listing out the result of this function for every possible y, which ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Koomey's law-Slowing and end of Koomey's law-Latest studies indicate that Koomey's Law has slowed to doubling every 2.6 years. This rate is a statistical average over many technologies and many years, but there are exceptions. For example, in 2020 AMD reported that, since 2014, the company has managed to improve the e... | large_corpus_distillation |
"3G-Evolution-Both 3GPP and 3GPP2 are working on the extensions to 3G standards that are based on an all-IP network infrastructure and using advanced wireless technologies such as MIMO. These specifications already display features characteristic for IMT-Advanced (4G), the successor of 3G. However, falling short of the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Quantum entanglement-Quantum mechanical framework-For mixed states, the reduced von Neumann entropy is not the only reasonable entanglement measure.\nAs an aside, the information-theoretic definition is closely related to entropy in the sense of statistical mechanics (comparing the two definitions in the present conte... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cryptanalysis of the Enigma-Polish breakthroughs-Rejewski found that the connections between the military Enigma's keyboard and the entry ring were not, as in the commercial Enigma, in the order of the keys on a German typewriter. He made an inspired correct guess that it was in alphabetical order. Britain's Dilly Kno... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Container method-Example applications-Regular graphs Upper bound on the number of independent sets We will show that there is an absolute constant C such that every n -vertex d -regular graph G satisfies log \u2061dd)n2 We can bound the number of independent sets of each size r by using the trivial bound 10 0.48... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Word error rate-Word error rate-This problem is solved by first aligning the recognized word sequence with the reference (spoken) word sequence using dynamic string alignment. Examination of this issue is seen through a theory called the power law that states the correlation between perplexity and word error rate.Word... | large_corpus_distillation |
in the GSM system, the initials originally from the Groupe Sp\u00e9cial Mobile that was charged with the specification and development tasks but latterly as the 'Global System for Mobile Communications'. The GSM standard eventually spread outside Europe and is now the most widely used cellular technology in the world a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dynamic software updating-State transformation-These transformer functions can either be applied to program state lazily, as each piece of old-version state is accessed, or eagerly, transforming all state at update time. Lazy transformation ensures that the update will complete in constant time, but also incurs steady... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Kernel embedding of distributions-Definitions-Kernel embedding The kernel embedding of the distribution P in H (also called the kernel mean or mean map) is given by: := E[k(X,\u22c5)]=E[\u03c6(X)]=\u222b\u03a9\u03c6(x)dP(x) If P allows a square integrable density p , then \u03bcX=Ekp , where Ek is the Hilbert\u2... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ultrafilter (set theory)-Examples, properties, and sufficient conditions-This result is not necessarily true for an infinite family of filters.The image under a map f:X\u2192Y of an ultra set U\u2286\u2118(X) is again ultra and if U is an ultra prefilter then so is f(U)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mobile security-Attacks based on vulnerabilities in software applications-Android is the OS that has been attacked the most, because it has the largest userbase. A cybersecurity company reported to have blocked about 18 million attacks in 2016." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Online machine learning-Statistical view of online learning-Thus, the use of the kernel has allowed the movement from a finite dimensional parameter space wi\u2208Rd to a possibly infinite dimensional feature represented by a kernel K by instead performing the recursion on the space of parameters ci\u2208Ri , whose... | large_corpus_distillation |
"AlliedWare Plus-Versioning-AlliedWare Plus uses a numerical release versioning structure, formatted as a.b.c-d.e. The first number represents the primary software version, with the second and third numbers representing the major software release. The last two numbers represent the minor and maintenance updates release... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Automatic acquisition of sense-tagged corpora-Summary-Optimistic results The automatic extraction of examples to train supervised learning algorithms reviewed has been, by far, the best explored approach to mine the web for word sense disambiguation. Some results are certainly encouraging: In some experiments, the q... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mobile VoIP-Industry history-2005 Early experiments proved that VoIP was practical and could be routed by Asterisk even on low-end routers like the Linksys WRT54G series. Suggesting a mesh network (e.g. WDS) composed of such cheap devices could similarly support roaming mobile VoIP phones. These experiments, and other... | large_corpus_distillation |
result of ten years of research into the field of ridge analysis.Ridge regression was developed as a possible solution to the imprecision of least square estimators when linear regression models have some multicollinear (highly correlated) independent variables\u2014by creating a ridge regression estimator (RR). This p... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Glossary of functional analysis-K-Krein\u2013Milman The Krein\u2013Milman theorem states: a nonempty compact convex subset of a locally convex space has an extremal point." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Multiplication algorithm-Computational complexity of multiplication-We have the same coeffesients due to linearity under fourier transformation, and because these polynomials only consist of one unique term per coeffesient: f^(xn)=(i2\u03c0)n\u03b4(n) and f^(aX(\u03be)+bY(\u03be))=aX^(\u03be)+bY^(\u03be) Convolution... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Function (mathematics)-In computer science-General recursive functions are partial functions from integers to integers that can be defined from constant functions, successor, and projection functionsvia the operators composition, primitive recursion, and minimization.Although defined only for functions from integers ... | large_corpus_distillation |
notes; tagging, rating and commenting on books; sharing books on social networks; and creating own virtual bookshelves per user." | large_corpus_distillation |
"White-box testing-Basic procedure-Processing involves performing risk analysis to guide whole testing process, proper test plan, execute test cases and communicate results. This is the phase of building test cases to make sure they thoroughly test the application the given results are recorded accordingly.\nOutput inv... | large_corpus_distillation |
that the after any failure detection occurs, the first message to each member in the group will piggyback that failure detection information, and that members shun failed members. Thus members that learn of a failure instantly begin to shun failed members, and the leader takes the further step of starting a view change... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Glossary of baseball (I)-S-stayed alive When a batter who already has two strikes swings at but fouls off a pitch, he may be said to have \"stayed alive\". He (or his at bat) will live to see another pitch. Similarly, when a team that is facing elimination from the playoffs wins a game, it may be said to have \"stayed... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Traffic collision-Traffic collision-A traffic collision, also called a motor vehicle collision (car crash in case cars are involved in the collision), occurs when a vehicle collides with another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, road debris, or other moving or stationary obstruction, such as a tree, pole or building. Traff... | large_corpus_distillation |
flow graph. It then infers a set of \"traces\" (i.e. code segments) in which the merge point is ignored in favor of the most used branch. Each trace is then independently processed by the allocator. This approach can be considered as hybrid because it is possible to use different register allocation algorithms between ... | large_corpus_distillation |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.