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statutory and common law requirements; and security of personal and corporate information.\" " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Four-sided die-Four-sided die-Four-sided dice, abbreviated d4, are often used in tabletop role-playing games to obtain random integers in the range 1\u20134. Three forms exist of this die: a tetrahedron (pyramid shape) with four equilateral triangle-shaped faces, a rectangular prism with rounded or pointed ends, and a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Row (database)-Row (database)-Each column expects a data value of a particular type. For example, one column might require a unique identifier, another might require text representing a person's name, another might require an integer representing hourly pay in dollars." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Reachability analysis-Message transmission-The design of a protocol has to be adapted to the properties of the underlying communication medium, to the possibility that the communication partner fails, and to the mechanism used by an entity to select the next message for consumption. The communication medium for protoc... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Classical Nahuatl grammar-Morphology-Other inflectional categories may be optionally marked, for example direction of motion. Other inflections include the applicative and causative, both valency changing operations; that is, they increase the number of arguments associated with a verb, transforming an intransitive ve... | large_corpus_distillation |
"C dynamic memory allocation-Common errors-The improper use of dynamic memory allocation can frequently be a source of bugs. These can include security bugs or program crashes, most often due to segmentation faults." | large_corpus_distillation |
the proportion of heads. Vary n and p with the scroll bars and note the shape of the probability density\nfunction. For selected values of the parameters, run the experiment 1000 times and compare the relative frequency function to the probability density\nfunction.\nThe mean and variance of the proportion of successes... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ontology learning-Procedure-Ontology learning (OL) is used to (semi-)automatically extract whole ontologies from natural language text. The process is usually split into the following eight tasks, which are not all necessarily applied in every ontology learning system." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Isomorphism theorems-Groups-The third isomorphism theorem is generalized by the nine lemma to abelian categories and more general maps between objects." | large_corpus_distillation |
"PDF-Alternatives-The Open XML Paper Specification is a competing format used both as a page description language and as the native print spooler format for Microsoft Windows since Windows Vista.\nMixed Object: Document Content Architecture is a competing format. MO:DCA-P is a part of Advanced Function Presentation." | large_corpus_distillation |
"P(H )= 3 i\n3. i 4 for each .\nP(H \u2229H \u2229\u22ef\u2229H )= 1 +1\n4. 1 2 n 2n+1 2 .\n(H ,H ,\u2026)\n5. 1 2 are dependent.\nP(F \u2223H \u2229H \u2229\u22ef\u2229H )= 1\n6. 1 2 n 2n+1 .\nP(F \u2223H \u2229H \u2229\u22ef\u2229H )\u21920 n\u2192\u221e\n7. 1 2 n as .\nProof\nParts (a) and (b) are essentially modeli... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Linear network coding-Random Linear Network Coding-Now, lets assume that the network node wants to produce a new coded packet combining packet f and packet e . In RLNC, it will randomly choose two coding coefficients, d1 and d2 in the example. The node will multiply each symbol of packet f by d1 , and each symbo... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bedroom-Culture-Bedrooms typically have a door for privacy (in some cases lockable from inside) and a window for ventilation. In larger bedrooms, a small desk and chair or an upholstered chair and a chest of drawers may also be used. In Western countries, some large bedrooms, called master bedrooms, may also contain a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sylvester's law of inertia-Statement in terms of eigenvalues-The law can also be stated as follows: two symmetric square matrices of the same size have the same number of positive, negative and zero eigenvalues if and only if they are congruent ( B=SAST , for some non-singular S )." | large_corpus_distillation |
the example below, recall that denotes the set of rational numbers. Once again, expand the proof to understand the example\nfully\nn\u2208N P {1, 2,\u2026 n\u22121,1} P\nFor +, let n denote the discrete uniform distribution on n n n and let \u221e denote the continuous uniform\n[0,1]\ndistribution on the interval . The... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Linguistic sequence complexity-Linguistic sequence complexity-When a nucleotide sequence is written as text using a four-letter alphabet, the repetitiveness of the text, that is, the repetition of its N-grams (words), can be calculated and serves as a measure of sequence complexity. Thus, the more complex a DNA sequen... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ptolemaic graph-Characterization-The convex subsets of vertices (subsets that contain every shortest path between two vertices in the subset) form a convex geometry. That is, every convex set can be reached from the whole vertex set by repeatedly removing an extreme vertex, one that does not belong to any shortest pat... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Logical conjunction-Introduction and elimination rules-As a rule of inference, conjunction introduction is a classically valid, simple argument form. The argument form has two premises, A and B . Intuitively, it permits the inference of their conjunction.\nA ,B Therefore, A and B.or in logical operator notation: A, ... | large_corpus_distillation |
criteria for determining the ranking of resulting pages. This is reported to comprise over 250 different indicators, the specifics of which are kept secret to avoid difficulties created by scammers and help Google maintain an edge over its competitors globally." | large_corpus_distillation |
"French grammar-Pronouns-As noted above, French (like English) is a non-pro-drop (\"pronoun-dropping\") language; therefore, pronouns feature prominently in the language. Impersonal verbs (e.g., pleuvoir \u2013 to rain) use the impersonal pronoun il (analogous to English it).\nFrench object pronouns are all clitics. So... | large_corpus_distillation |
The dot product\nof vectors allows us to measure the angle between them and thus determine if the vectors are perpendicular. The dot product has\nmany applications, e.g., finding components of forces acting in different directions in physics and engineering. We introduce and\ninvestigate dot products in this section.\n... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Multiwinia-Gameplay-King of the Hill Occupy key tactical zones around the map to score points.On each map there are a fixed number of Scoring zones - for a standard sized two-player map there are up to four zones. Each team can score points by occupying these zones with Multiwinians - scoring one point per second for ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"HCS clustering algorithm-HCS clustering algorithm-The HCS (Highly Connected Subgraphs) clustering algorithm (also known as the HCS algorithm, and other names such as Highly Connected Clusters/Components/Kernels) is an algorithm based on graph connectivity for cluster analysis. It works by representing the similarity d... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mathematical induction-Description-The induction step (or inductive step, or step case): prove that for every n, if the statement holds for n, then it holds for n +\u20091. In other words, assume that the statement holds for some arbitrary natural number n, and prove that the statement holds for n +\u20091.The hypothe... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Debit card-Consumer protection-In 2010, Bank of America announced that \"it was doing away with overdraft fees for debit card purchases.\"In some countries, like India and Sweden, consumer protection is the same regardless of the network used. Some banks set minimum and maximum purchase sizes, mostly for online-only c... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Book cipher-Choosing the key-In the context of espionage, a book cipher has a considerable advantage for a spy in enemy territory. A conventional codebook, if discovered by the local authorities, instantly incriminates the holder as a spy and gives the authorities the chance of deciphering the code and sending false m... | large_corpus_distillation |
"CdmaOne-Protocol details-When a mobile is \"searching\", it is attempting to find pilot signals on the network by tuning to particular radio frequencies and performing a cross-correlation across all possible PN phases. A strong correlation peak result indicates the proximity of a BTS." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mellin transform-Examples-Thus Mf(s) has a simple pole at s=\u2212a and is thus defined for \u211c(s)>\u2212a . Similarly, if f(x)={0x<1,xbx>1, then Mf(s)=\u222b1\u221exs\u22121xbdx=\u222b1\u221exs+b\u22121dx=\u22121s+b.\nThus Mf(s) has a simple pole at s=\u2212b and is thus defined for \u211c(s)<\u2212b Exponen... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Logical form (linguistics)-Syntax interfacing with semantics-The notion of scope The scope of an operator is the domain within which it has the ability to affect the interpretation of other expressions. In other words, an operator has scope of operation, or affecting the interpretation of other phrases, only within it... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Concept learning-Concept learning-In Machine Learning, this theory can be applied in training computer programs.\nConcept Learning: Inferring a Boolean-valued function from training examples of its input and output.\nA concept is an idea of something formed by combining all its features or attributes which construct t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Order-maintenance problem-O(1) amortized insertion via indirection-During the rebuilding operation, the N elements of the total order are split into log \u2061N) contiguous sublists, each of size log \u2061N) . The list labeling problem is solved on the set set of nodes representing each of the sublists in their o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"SimRank-Computing SimRank-Let n be the number of nodes in G For each iteration k , we can keep n2 entries sk(\u2217,\u2217) , where sk(a,b) gives the score between a and b on iteration k We successively compute sk+1(\u2217,\u2217) based on sk(\u2217,\u2217) We start with s0(\u2217,\u2217) where each s0(a,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ambiguous grammar-Recognizing ambiguous grammars-The decision problem of whether an arbitrary grammar is ambiguous is undecidable because it can be shown that it is equivalent to the Post correspondence problem. At least, there are tools implementing some semi-decision procedure for detecting ambiguity of context-free... | large_corpus_distillation |
"METEOR-METEOR-METEOR (Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit ORdering) is a metric for the evaluation of machine translation output. The metric is based on the harmonic mean of unigram precision and recall, with recall weighted higher than precision. It also has several features that are not found in other... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Monoid-Monoid structures-On the other hand, if N is subset of a monoid that is closed under the monoid operation, and is a monoid for this inherited operation, then N is not always a submonoid, since the identity elements may differ. For example, the singleton set {0} is closed under multiplication, and is not a submo... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Typical set-Applications of typicality-Typical set decoding In information theory, typical set decoding is used in conjunction with random coding to estimate the transmitted message as the one with a codeword that is jointly \u03b5-typical with the observation. i.e.\nw^=w\u27fa(\u2203w)((x1n(w),y1n)\u2208A\u03b5n(X,Y)... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Compiler correctness-Formal verification-Translation validation can be used even with a compiler that sometimes generates incorrect code, as long as this incorrect does not manifest itself for a given program. Depending on the input program the translation validation can fail (because the generated code is wrong or th... | large_corpus_distillation |
the findings of McCloskey and Cohen (1989). Ratcliff also found that the resulting outputs were often a blend of the previous input and the new input. In larger networks, items learned in groups (e.g. AB then CD) were more resistant to forgetting than were items learned singly (e.g. A then B then C...). However, the fo... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Proximity analysis-Distance measures-Abstract distance, a measurement of distance in a space that is only indirectly related to geographic space, or only metaphorically spatial. Examples include social networks of interpersonal connections, information spaces of related concepts, and the hypertext network of the World... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ecocrop-The Ecocrop model-The Ecocrop model determines a crop's suitability to a location by evaluating different variables. Specifically, the plant descriptors include category, life form, growth habit, and life span while environmental descriptors include temperature, precipitation, light intensity, K\u00f6ppen clim... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cabibbo\u2013Kobayashi\u2013Maskawa matrix-General case construction-2N \u2212 1 of these parameters are not physically significant, because one phase can be absorbed into each quark field (both of the mass eigenstates, and of the weak eigenstates), but the matrix is independent of a common phase. Hence, the total num... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Slovene verbs-Full conjugation of a regular verb-The following table presents full conjugation of a regular verb d\u1eb9\u0301lati: " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Algorithm characterizations-Chomsky hierarchy-There is more consensus on the \"characterization\" of the notion of \"simple algorithm\".\nAll algorithms need to be specified in a formal language, and the \"simplicity notion\" arises from the simplicity of the language. The Chomsky (1956) hierarchy is a containment hie... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Rainout (sports)-Baseball-If the game is postponed or suspended and neither team has a game the following day, then the game will be made up the following day. Venue remains the same." | large_corpus_distillation |
urn initially contains 6 red and 4 green balls. A ball is chosen at random from the urn and its color is recorded. It is then\nreplaced in the urn and 2 new balls of the same color are added to the urn. The process is repeated. Find the probability of each\nof the following events:\n1. Balls 1 and 2 are red and ball 3 ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"internal regret and calibration\nBy guaranteeing small internal regret, one obtains a calibrated\nforecaster.\nThis can be achieved by an exponentially weighted average\nforecaster defined over N2 actions.\nCan be extended even for calibration with checking rules.\n124" | large_corpus_distillation |
becomes an analysis task as opposed to simple word/class/concept assignment task.LSA can only partially capture polysemy (i.e., multiple meanings of a word) because each occurrence of a word is treated as having the same meaning due to the word being represented as a single point in space. For example, the occurrence o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"210 (number)-In mathematics-It is the largest number n such that all primes between n/2 and n yield a representation as a sum of two primes." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gatekeeping (communication)-Influence of criteria-The news criteria pressure journalists and news outlets to frequently publish new stories, in order to stay current on events. Reporters attend local events in order to get stories quickly and easily. When events are difficult to report on, journalists resort to interv... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Negative values are also easily handled. Let us look at another example.\nTable 2.3.2 shows data from the case study Weapons and Aggression. Each value is the mean difference over a series of trials between the times it took an experimental subject to name\naggressive words (like \u201cpunch\u201d) under two condition... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Implementation of mathematics in set theory-The Axiom of Counting and subversion of stratification-So there are two different implementations of the natural numbers in NFU (though they are the same in ZFC): finite ordinals and finite cardinals. Each of these supports a T operation in NFU (basically the same operation)... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Vigen\u00e8re cipher-Description-In a Caesar cipher, each letter of the alphabet is shifted along some number of places. For example, in a Caesar cipher of shift 3, a would become D, b would become E, y would become B and so on. The Vigen\u00e8re cipher has several Caesar ciphers in sequence with different shift value... | large_corpus_distillation |
observed at a random time point independent of the Wiener process and with probability density function g . An important example of normal variance-mean mixtures is the generalised hyperbolic distribution in which the mixing distribution is the generalized inverse Gaussian distribution." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Secure Remote Password protocol-Secure Remote Password protocol-In layman's terms, during SRP (or any other PAKE protocol) authentication, one party (the \"client\" or \"user\") demonstrates to another party (the \"server\") that they know the password, without sending the password itself nor any other information fro... | large_corpus_distillation |
"HP Time-Shared BASIC-Other differences-When printing string constants (literals), semicolons are not needed within the line. For instance, PRINT \"THE NUMBER IS\"A\", TRY A LARGER VALUE.\" does not require semicolons between the string constants and the variable A. Some other BASICs, including MS, also supported this ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"143 (number)-143 (number)-143 (one hundred [and] forty-three) is the natural number following 142 and preceding 144." | large_corpus_distillation |
to produce a better version of E2 . This completes one cycle of the retrieval algorithm and improves both E1 and E2 . The retrieval algorithm then uses the improved results for E1 and E2 to perform the next cycle. It continues alternating between traces 1 and 2 until the desired agreement between measured and retr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hash buster-Hash buster-Hash busters can also be used to randomly add content to any kind of file until the hash sum becomes a certain sum. In e-mail context, this could be used to bypass a filter which only accepts e-mails with a certain sum.\nInitially spams containing \"white noise\" from hash busters tended to sim... | large_corpus_distillation |
format is particularly well-suited for the application of machine learning techniques, and UniMorph in particular, has been subject of numerous shared tasks." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Association rule learning-Algorithms-Growth begins from the bottom of the header table i.e. the item with the smallest support by finding all sorted transactions that end in that item. Call this item I A new conditional tree is created which is the original FP-tree projected onto I . The supports of all nodes in the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Software release life cycle-Stages of development-Open betas serve the dual purpose of demonstrating a product to potential consumers, and testing among a wide user base is likely to bring to light obscure errors that a much smaller testing team might not find." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Probabilistic classification-Evaluating probabilistic classification-Commonly used evaluation metrics that compare the predicted probability to observed outcomes include log loss, Brier score, and a variety of calibration errors. The former is also used as a loss function in the training of logistic models. Calibrati... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Stropping (syntax)-Similar techniques-A number of similar techniques exist, generally prefixing or suffixing an identifier to indicate different treatment, but the semantics are varied. Strictly speaking, stropping consists of different representations of the same name (value) in different namespaces, and occurs at th... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Probabilistic soft logic-Syntax and Semantics-Open/Closed Predicates -- Closed World Assumption Predicates in PSL can be labeled as open or closed.\nWhen a predicate is labeled closed, PSL makes the closed-world assumption: any predicates that are not explicitly provided to PSL are assumed to be false.\nIn other words... | large_corpus_distillation |
the morphs that constitute words.While the catena concept has been applied mainly to the syntax of English, other works are also demonstrating its applicability to the syntax and morphology of other languages." | large_corpus_distillation |
. This difference becomes \u03b21\u2212\u03b22 . Conversely, it can be shown that the log odds of a correct response by the same person to one item, conditional on a correct response to one of two items, is equal to the difference between the item locations. For example, log-odds\u2061{Xn1=1\u2223rn=1}=\u03b42\u2212\u... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Nowhere commutative semigroup-Characterization of nowhere commutative semigroups-Nowhere commutative semigroups can be characterized in several different ways. If S is a semigroup then the following statements are equivalent: S is nowhere commutative.\nS is a rectangular band (in the sense in which the term is used by... | large_corpus_distillation |
"GNS theory-Aspects-Combat and diversified options for short-term problem solving (for example, lists of specific spells or combat techniques) are frequently emphasized. Randomization provides a gamble, allowing players to risk more for higher stakes rather than modelling probability. Examples include Magic: The Gather... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sicilian Defence-Open Sicilian: 2.Nf3 and 3.d4-Dragon Variation: 5...g6 In the Dragon Variation, Black fianchettoes a bishop on the h8\u2013a1 diagonal. It was named by Fyodor Dus-Chotimirsky in 1901, who noticed a resemblance between Black's kingside pawn structure (pawns on d6, e7, f7, g6 and h7) and the stars of th... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Enterprise bus matrix-Establishment and applicability-Figure 1 shows the base for a single document planning tool for the whole of the data warehouse implementation - a graphical overview of the enterprises core business processes or events each correspond to a measurement table of facts, that typically is complemente... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hosmer\u2013Lemeshow test-Introduction-Motivation Logistic regression models provide an estimate of the probability of an outcome, usually designated as a \"success\". It is desirable that the estimated probability of success be close to the true probability. Consider the following example.\nA researcher wishes to kno... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Born-digital-Examples of born-digital content-Journalism As existing print publications migrated to born-digital releases, digital native news websites such as HuffPo and Buzzfeed News have grown substantially. This trend toward web-exclusive content has seen the rise of \"news applications,\" or news articles built w... | large_corpus_distillation |
"PSeInt-Description-PSeInt is the abbreviation of PSeudocode Interpreter, an educational tool created in Argentina, used mainly by students to learn the basics of programming and the development of logic. It is a very popular software of its kind and is widely used in universities in Latin America and Spain.\nIt uses p... | large_corpus_distillation |
, which in turn requires Ce Se n(\u03bc0,q)=0 These conditions define the normal modes of the system." | large_corpus_distillation |
"13.7: Lotteries\nYou realize the odds of winning [the lottery] are the same as being mauled by a polar bear and a regular bear in the same day.\n\u2014E*TRADE baby, January 2010.\nLotteries are among the simplest and most widely played of all games of chance, and unfortunately for the gambler, among the\nworst in term... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Regular and irregular verbs-By language-The rules for the formation of the inflected parts of regular verbs are given in detail in the article on English verbs. In summary they are as follows: The third person singular present tense is formed by adding the ending -s (or -es after certain letters) to the plain form. Wh... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gradient-Generalizations-In rectangular coordinates, the gradient of a vector field f = (\u2009f1, f2, f3) is defined by: (where the Einstein summation notation is used and the tensor product of the vectors ei and ek is a dyadic tensor of type (2,0)). Overall, this expression equals the transpose of the Jacobian matri... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Multiplicative group of integers modulo n-Examples-n = 561 n = 561 (= 3 \u00d7 11 \u00d7 17) is a Carmichael number, thus s560 is congruent to 1 modulo 561 for any integer s coprime to 561. The subgroup of false witnesses is, in this case, not proper; it is the entire group of multiplicative units modulo 561, which co... | large_corpus_distillation |
require\n\u2212 log P (y ,...,y |\u03b8) bits (base two logarithm) or \u2212 log P (y ,...,y |\u03b8) nats (natural log\u00ad\n2 1 n 1 n\narithm). We will use the natural logarithm for consistency with other material. You can\nalways convert the answer to bits by multiplying nats by log(2).\nSince our model assumes tha... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Shared register-Constructions-Implementing an atomic SWSR register in a message passing system A SWSR atomic (linearizable) register can be implemented in an asynchronous message-passing system, even if processes may crash. There is no time limit for processes to deliver messages to receivers or to execute local instr... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Controllability Gramian-Linear Time Variant Systems-Linear time variant (LTV) systems are those in the form: x\u02d9(t)=A(t)x(t)+B(t)u(t)y(t)=C(t)x(t) That is, the matrices A , B and C have entries that varies with time. Again, as well as in the continuous time case and in the discrete time case, one may be interes... | large_corpus_distillation |
switched fabric (e.g., InfiniBand). Commitment ordering (or commit ordering) is a general serializability technique that achieves distributed serializability (and global serializability in particular) effectively on a large scale, without concurrency control information distribution (e.g., local precedence relations, l... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Addition-Generalizations-In category theory, disjoint union is seen as a particular case of the coproduct operation, and general coproducts are perhaps the most abstract of all the generalizations of addition. Some coproducts, such as direct sum and wedge sum, are named to evoke their connection with addition." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cipher disk-Weaknesses-When encoding a message using a cipher disk, a character is always used to mean \u201cend of word.\u201d The frequency of said character is abnormally high and thus easily detected. If this character, however, is omitted, then the words run together and it takes much longer for the recipient to ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Generalized minimal residual method-The method-The Arnoldi process also constructs H~n , an ( n+1 )-by- n upper Hessenberg matrix which satisfies an equality which is used to simplify the calculation of yn (see below). Note that, for symmetric matrices, a symmetric tri-diagonal matrix is actually achieved, resulting... | large_corpus_distillation |
n\u2212k ) for each n, this simplifies to\nPr{X \u2223X ,\u2026,X }=Pr{X \u2223X }\nn n\u22121 k\u22121 n n\u22121\nWe see that by expanding the state space to include k-tuples of the rv\u2019s Z n, we have converted the k dependence over time\nto a unit dependence over time, i.e., a Markov process is defined using the... | large_corpus_distillation |
then necessarily xRx and yRy.\nEquivalently, a binary relation is quasi-reflexive if and only if it is both left quasi-reflexive and right quasi-reflexive. A relation R is quasi-reflexive if and only if its symmetric closure R\u222aRT is left (or right) quasi-reflexive.Antisymmetric If whenever x,y\u2208X are such... | large_corpus_distillation |
Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) which was then introduced to the training set in a classical train-test learning framework. The authors found classification performance was improved when such techniques were introduced." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Station-to-Station protocol-Station-to-Station protocol-In public-key cryptography, the Station-to-Station (STS) protocol is a cryptographic key agreement scheme. The protocol is based on classic Diffie\u2013Hellman, and provides mutual key and entity authentication. Unlike the classic Diffie\u2013Hellman, which is no... | large_corpus_distillation |
"English grammar-Word classes and phrases-Determiners are used in the formation of noun phrases (see above). Many words that serve as determiners can also be used as pronouns (this, that, many, etc.).\nDeterminers can be used in certain combinations, such as all the water and the many problems." | large_corpus_distillation |
"V-Model (software development)-Validation phases-Integration testing Integration Test Plans are developed during the Architectural Design Phase. These tests verify that units created and tested independently can coexist and communicate among themselves. Test results are shared with customer's team." | large_corpus_distillation |
"P\u00f3lya enumeration theorem-Examples-The eight graphs on three vertices (before identifying isomorphic graphs) are shown at the right. There are four isomorphism classes of graphs, also shown at the right.\nThe cycle index of the group S3 acting on the set of three edges is ZG(t1,t2,t3)=16(t13+3t1t2+2t3) (obtained ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Shift-reduce parser-LR Parser Processing-STOP, then, represents a configuration where the state at the top of the stack and the lookahead terminal symbol is within the subject grammar, and represents the ending of the program: \u22a5 <program> \u2022 \u22a5it being impossible to SHIFT beyond the final \u22a5 so as to ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Continuous integration-History-The earliest known work on continuous integration was the Infuse environment developed by G. E. Kaiser, D. E. Perry, and W. M. Schell.In 1994, Grady Booch used the phrase continuous integration in Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications (2nd edition) to explain how, when de... | large_corpus_distillation |
"URL shortening-Shortcomings-Another privacy problem is that many services' shortened URL format is small enough that it is vulnerable to brute-force search. Many people use URL shorteners when they share links to private content, and in fact many web services like Google Maps have offered automatic generation of short... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Relative clause-Examples-Both direct and indirect relative particles can be used simply for emphasis, often in answer to a question or as a way of disagreeing with a statement. For instance, the Welsh example above, \"y dyn a welais\" means not only \"the man whom I saw\", but also \"it was the man (and not anyone els... | large_corpus_distillation |
is the basic tool for breaking most classical ciphers. In natural languages, certain letters of the alphabet appear more often than others; in English, \"E\" is likely to be the most common letter in any sample of plaintext. Similarly, the digraph \"TH\" is the most likely pair of letters in English, and so on. Frequen... | large_corpus_distillation |
"L-estimator-Efficiency-While L-estimators are not as efficient as other statistics, they often have reasonably high relative efficiency, and show that a large fraction of the information used in estimation can be obtained using only a few points \u2013 as few as one, two, or three. Alternatively, they show that order ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"KPI-driven code analysis-Analysis results-Huge, monolithic code units in which several aspects have been mixed together so that to change one aspect, changes have to be implemented at several points.\nIdentification of unnecessary multi-threading. Multi-threading is an extremely large error source. The run-time behavi... | large_corpus_distillation |
in which \u27e8ie\u27e9 would otherwise represent ." | large_corpus_distillation |
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