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"Conditional probability distribution-Properties-Seen as a function of y for given x , P(Y=y|X=x) is a probability mass function and so the sum over all y (or integral if it is a conditional probability density) is 1. Seen as a function of x for given y , it is a likelihood function, so that the sum over all x n... | large_corpus_distillation |
"XML Schema (W3C)-Version 1.1-XSD 1.1 became a W3C Recommendation in April 2012, which means it is an approved W3C specification.\nSignificant new features in XSD 1.1 are: The ability to define assertions against the document content by means of XPath 2.0 expressions (an idea borrowed from Schematron).\nThe ability to ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tensor product-Tensor products of modules over a ring-Furthermore, we can give A\u2297RB a module structure under some extra conditions: If A is a (S,R)-bimodule, then A\u2297RB is a left S-module where := (sa)\u2297b.\nIf B is a (R,S)-bimodule, then A\u2297RB is a right S-module where := a\u2297(bs).\nIf A is a ... | large_corpus_distillation |
to prove (2), assume that m and p are injective and l is surjective.\nLet c in C be such that n(c) = 0.\nt(n(c)) is then 0.\nBy commutativity, p(h(c)) = 0.\nSince p is injective, h(c) = 0.\nBy exactness, there is an element b of B such that g(b) = c.\nBy commutativity, s(m(b)) = n(g(b)) = n(c) = 0.\nBy exactness, there... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Estonian grammar-Syntax-However, as one would expect from an agglutinative language, the word order is quite free and non-neutral word order can be used to stress some parts of the sentence or in poetic texts, as in Finnish grammar. For example, consider the sentence mees tappis karu which means \u2018(a/the) man kill... | large_corpus_distillation |
arbitrage: exploit market discrepancies between acquisition price and stock price.\nValue investing: buying securities that appear underpriced by some form of fundamental analysis.\nMiscellaneous In addition to those strategies within the four main categories, there are several strategies that do not entirely fit into ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cooperative multitasking-Problems-As a cooperatively multitasked system relies on each process regularly giving up time to other processes on the system, one poorly designed program can consume all of the CPU time for itself, either by performing extensive calculations or by busy waiting; both would cause the whole sy... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Vintage car-Collecting-Condition categories To collectors and investors, a vehicle's condition rating is important, and in the United States there are two systems, the category and the points system. The category system has six categories used to rate the condition of a vehicle. The points system assigns points from 4... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Inverted index-Inverted index-In computer science, an inverted index (also referred to as a postings list, postings file, or inverted file) is a database index storing a mapping from content, such as words or numbers, to its locations in a table, or in a document or a set of documents (named in contrast to a forward i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dynamic epistemic logic-Epistemic Logic-The computational complexity of the model checking problem is in P in all cases." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Square pyramidal number-Other properties-The alternating series of unit fractions with the square pyramidal numbers as denominators is closely related to the Leibniz formula for \u03c0, although it converges more quickly. It is: In approximation theory, the sequences of odd numbers, sums of odd numbers (square numbers... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Sigreturn-oriented programming-Background-Sigreturn-oriented programming (SROP) is a technique similar to return-oriented programming (ROP), since it employs code reuse to execute code outside the scope of the original control flow.\nIn this sense, the adversary needs to be able to carry out a stack smashing attack, u... | large_corpus_distillation |
rank. The ordinals used in the construction of A ensure that this tree has no infinite path, because any infinite path through the tree would have to include infinitely many codes starting with 2, and thus would give an infinite decreasing sequence of ordinals. Conversely, if an arbitrary subtree of \u03c9<\u03c9 has ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Generic programming-Programming language support for genericity-PolyP PolyP was the first generic programming language extension to Haskell. In PolyP, generic functions are called polytypic. The language introduces a special construct in which such polytypic functions can be defined via structural induction over the s... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lexical analysis-Obstacles-Tokens are separated by whitespace characters, such as a space or line break, or by punctuation characters.In languages that use inter-word spaces (such as most that use the Latin alphabet, and most programming languages), this approach is fairly straightforward. However, even here there are... | large_corpus_distillation |
"XML catalog-XML catalog-XML documents typically refer to external entities, for example the public and/or system ID for the Document Type Definition. These external relationships are expressed using URIs, typically as URLs.\nHowever absolute URLs only work when the network can reach them. Relying on remote resources m... | large_corpus_distillation |
from the plug-in estimator in the second term SCV \u2061(H)=n\u22121|H|\u22121/2R(K)+n\u22122\u2211i=1n\u2211j=1n(K2H+2G\u22122KH+2G+K2G)(Xi\u2212Xj) Thus SCV argmin SCV \u2061(H) is the SCV selector.\nThese references also contain algorithms on optimal estimation of the pilot bandwidth matrix G and establish that SC... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mathematical proof-Methods of proof-For example, contraposition can be used to establish that, given an integer x , if x2 is even, then x is even: Suppose x is not even. Then x is odd. The product of two odd numbers is odd, hence x2=x\u22c5x is odd. Thus x2 is not even. Thus, if x2 is even, the supposition mus... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Jakarta Servlet-Introduction-Servlets can be generated automatically from Jakarta Server Pages (JSP) by the Jakarta Server Pages compiler. The difference between servlets and JSP is that servlets typically embed HTML inside Java code, while JSPs embed Java code in HTML. In general, when using JSPs, embedding Java code... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Additive inverse-Formal definition-The notation + is usually reserved for commutative binary operations (operations where x + y = y + x for all x,\u2009y). If such an operation admits an identity element o (such that x + o (\u2009= o + x\u2009) = x for all x), then this element is unique (o\u2032 = o\u2032 + o = o). F... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Empirical risk minimization-Empirical risk minimization-In general, the risk R(h) cannot be computed because the distribution P(x,y) is unknown to the learning algorithm (this situation is referred to as agnostic learning). However, we can compute an approximation, called empirical risk, by averaging the loss functi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Vapnik\u2013Chervonenkis theory-Overview of VC theory in empirical processes-The next condition is a version of the celebrated Dudley's theorem. If F is a class of functions such that sup log \u2061N(\u03b5\u2016F\u2016Q,2,F,L2(Q))d\u03b5<\u221e then F is P-Donsker for every probability measure P such that P\u2217F... | large_corpus_distillation |
64 32\nf(5)=f(6)=f(8)=f(9)= 1 f(7)= 5\nand .\n8 32\n(0,1,2,3,4,5) (0,6,12,18,24,30)\nTwo fair, 6-sided dice are rolled. One has faces numbered and the other has faces numbered .\nUse probability generating functions to find the probability density function of the sum of the scores, and identify the distribution.\nSolut... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Relevance logic-Models-Algebraic models Some relevance logics can be given algebraic models, such as the logic R. The algebraic structures for R are de Morgan monoids, which are sextuples (D,\u2227,\u2228,\u00ac,\u2218,e) where (D,\u2227,\u2228,\u00ac) is a distributive lattice with a unary operation, \u00ac obeying... | large_corpus_distillation |
"GHZ experiment-Detailed technical example-GHSZ also show that the fair sampling assumption can be dispensed with if the detector efficiencies are at least 90.8%." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Simple random sample-Introduction-In small populations and often in large ones, such sampling is typically done \"without replacement\", i.e., one deliberately avoids choosing any member of the population more than once. Although simple random sampling can be conducted with replacement instead, this is less common and... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Welch's t-test-Calculations-Welch's t-test defines the statistic t by the following formula: t=\u0394X\u00afs\u0394X\u00af=X\u00af1\u2212X\u00af2sX\u00af12+sX\u00af22 sX\u00afi=siNi where X\u00afi and sX\u00afi are the th sample mean and its standard error, with si denoting the corrected sample standard deviation,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Classifier (linguistics)-Overview-Classifiers versus measure words Measure words play a similar role to classifiers, except that they denote a particular quantity of something (a drop, a cupful, a pint, etc.), rather than the inherent countable units associated with a count noun. Classifiers are used with count nouns;... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Language-Study-Modern linguistics In the 1960s, Noam Chomsky formulated the generative theory of language. According to this theory, the most basic form of language is a set of syntactic rules that is universal for all humans and which underlies the grammars of all human languages. This set of rules is called Universa... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Virtual device-Virtual device-A virtual device in Unix is a file such as /dev/null or /dev/urandom, that is treated as a device, as far as user level software is concerned, but is generated by the kernel without reference to hardware.\nFor instance when /dev/null is written to, the kernel tells the program it wrote ev... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Chosen-ciphertext attack-Varieties-Chosen-ciphertext attacks, like other attacks, may be adaptive or non-adaptive. In an adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack, the attacker can use the results from prior decryptions to inform their choices of which ciphertexts to have decrypted. In a non-adaptive attack, the attacker choo... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Rank error-correcting code-Rank error-correcting code-A rank code is an algebraic linear code over the finite field GF(qN) similar to Reed\u2013Solomon code.\nThe rank of the vector over GF(qN) is the maximum number of linearly independent components over GF(q) . The rank distance between two vectors over GF(qN) i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Instant messaging-Overview-Calling Many major IM services and applications offer the call feature for user-to-user calls, conference calls, and voice messages. The call functionality is useful for professionals who utilize the application for work purposes and as a hands-free method. Videotelephony using a webcam is a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Inquiry-based learning-Inquiry-based learning in academic disciplines-In later discovering pages the child discovers the correct spelling. The /\u0251i/-sound has at least these six spellings: 'igh' \u2013 'bright', 'fight', 'flight', 'high', 'knight', 'light', 'might', 'nigh', 'night', 'plight', 'right', 'sigh', 'sig... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm-Variants-Parameter-expanded expectation maximization (PX-EM) algorithm often provides speed up by \"us[ing] a `covariance adjustment' to correct the analysis of the M step, capitalising on extra information captured in the imputed complete data\".Expectation conditional maximiza... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Drupal-Core-On 15 October 2014, an SQL injection vulnerability was announced and update was released. Two weeks later the Drupal security team released an advisory explaining that everyone should act under the assumption that any site not updated within 7 hours of the announcement was compromised by automated attacks.... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Book talk-Creating a traditional book talk-Most booktalk creators and presenters suggest only writing an outline of a booktalk so the booktalk can be presented less as a lecture and more as a conversation. They also recommend that the presenter not memorize a script. It is up to the discretion of the presenter exactly... | large_corpus_distillation |
"ReAction GUI-Features-ReAction ReAction is the official AmigaOS GUI builder since the OS 3.5 days. Nowadays it is being built on top of Intuition, updated and has a better and more consistent look through the apps that use it.\nReAction system of classes and gadgets is almost the same as ClassACT. It is expandable and... | large_corpus_distillation |
such, the radioactive nature of tritium may prove hazardous in instances of hypothetical accidental release upon dual confinement system failure. Thus, under such circumstances, areas surrounding the CFETR will have to be evacuated and it will be 32\u201354 years before families may be able to return to their original ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Source-available software-Source-available software-Source-available software is software released through a source code distribution model that includes arrangements where the source can be viewed, and in some cases modified, but without necessarily meeting the criteria to be called open-source. The licenses associat... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Process management (computing)-Requesting system services-The distinction between two approaches has important consequences regarding the relative independence of the OS behavior, from the application process behavior, and the resulting performance. As a rule of thumb, operating system based on a system call interface... | large_corpus_distillation |
"H tree-H tree-In fractal geometry, the H tree is a fractal tree structure constructed from perpendicular line segments, each smaller by a factor of the square root of 2 from the next larger adjacent segment. It is so called because its repeating pattern resembles the letter \"H\". It has Hausdorff dimension 2, and com... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Heap's algorithm-Details of the algorithm-For a collection C containing n different elements, Heap found a systematic method for choosing at each step a pair of elements to switch in order to produce every possible permutation of these elements exactly once." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Personal information management-Overview-Sent/Posted by \"me\", e.g., sent e-mails, personal websites, blog posts, social media posts, published reports and articles. Information provided by a person \u2013 deliberately and inadvertently \u2013 can prove decisive in the impressions that others form of this person." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Higher-dimensional gamma matrices-Gamma group-The presentation of the gamma group G=Gp,q is as follows.\nA neutral element is denoted as I The element i with i4=I is a stand-in for the complex number i ; it commutes with all other elements, There is a collection of generators \u0393a indexed by a=0,\u2026,p\u22... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Actor model and process calculi history-Early work-The publication by Tony Hoare in 1978 of the original Communicating Sequential Processes was different from the Actor model which states: This paper suggests that input and output are basic primitives of programming and that parallel composition of communicating seque... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Function of several complex variables-Holomorphic functions-\u2202k1+\u22ef+knf\u2202z1k1\u22ef\u2202znkn=\u2211v=1\u221e\u2202k1+\u22ef+knfv\u2202z1k1\u22ef\u2202znkn Radius of convergence of power series It is possible to define a combination of positive real numbers {r\u03bd(\u03bd=1,\u2026,n)} such that the power... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hash chain-Hash chain-A hash chain is the successive application of a cryptographic hash function to a piece of data. In computer security, a hash chain is a method used to produce many one-time keys from a single key or password. For non-repudiation, a hash function can be applied successively to additional pieces of... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Author profiling-Author profiling and the Internet-Facebook Facebook is useful for author profiling studies as a social networking service. This is because of how a social network may be built, expanded, and used for social action in the site. In such processes, users share personal content that may be used for author... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hidden semi-Markov model-Hidden semi-Markov model-A hidden semi-Markov model (HSMM) is a statistical model with the same structure as a hidden Markov model except that the unobservable process is semi-Markov rather than Markov. This means that the probability of there being a change in the hidden state depends on the ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"ViXra-ViXra-viXra is an electronic e-print archive known for unorthodox and fringe science. It was set up by independent physicist Philip Gibbs as an alternative to the dominant arXiv service operated by Cornell University. Its name comes from arXiv spelled backwards." | large_corpus_distillation |
"S2(X)/\u03c32 =V(X)/(m\u22121)\nUsing the notation in the subsection on the standard sample variances, note that and\nS2(Y)/\u03c42 =V(Y)/(n\u22121) V(X) V(Y)\n. The result then follows immediately since and are independent chi-square\nm\u22121 n\u22121\nvariables with and degrees of freedom, respectively.\n\u03c3/\u0... | large_corpus_distillation |
can be embedded in G. If this were the case, the non-existence of a universal solvable word problem group would follow easily from Boone-Rogers. However, the solution just exhibited for the word problem for groups in K is not uniform. To see this, consider a group J = \u27e8Y|T\u27e9 \u2208 K; in order to use the above... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Crowdsourcing software development-Ecosystem-Platforms Software crowdsourcing platforms including Apple Inc.'s App Store, Topcoder, and uTest demonstrate the advantage of crowdsourcing in terms of software ecosystem expansion and product quality improvement. Apple\u2019s App Store is an online iOS application market, ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Axiom of countability-Axiom of countability-In mathematics, an axiom of countability is a property of certain mathematical objects that asserts the existence of a countable set with certain properties. Without such an axiom, such a set might not provably exist." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Matrix completion-Applications-System identification In control, one would like to fit a discrete-time linear time-invariant state-space model x(t+1)=Ax(t)+Bu(t)y(t)=Cx(t)+Du(t) to a sequence of inputs u(t)\u2208Rm and outputs y(t)\u2208Rp,t=0,\u2026,N . The vector x(t)\u2208Rn is the state of the system at time t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Product category-Generalization to several arguments-Just as the binary Cartesian product is readily generalized to an n-ary Cartesian product, binary product of two categories can be generalized, completely analogously, to a product of n categories. The product operation on categories is commutative and associative, ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Zyablov bound-Zyablov bound-In coding theory, the Zyablov bound is a lower bound on the rate r and relative distance \u03b4 that are achievable by concatenated codes." | large_corpus_distillation |
"ZPU (microprocessor)-Design features-The ZPU was designed explicitly to minimize the amount of electronic logic. It has a minimal instruction set, yet can be encoded for the GNU Compiler Collection. It also minimizes the number of registers that must be in the FPGA, minimizing the number of flip-flops. Instead of regi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Continuity test-Continuity test-In electronics, a continuity test is the checking of an electric circuit to see if current flows (that it is in fact a complete circuit).\nA continuity test is performed by placing a small voltage (wired in series with an LED or noise-producing component such as a piezoelectric speaker)... | large_corpus_distillation |
the Square Root Property.\n3. Use the Quadratic Formula. Any quadratic equation can be solved by using the Quadratic Formula.\nWhat about the method of completing the square? Most people find that method cumbersome and prefer not to use it. We needed to\ninclude it in this chapter because we completed the square in gen... | large_corpus_distillation |
"X86 calling conventions-x86-64 calling conventions-Starting with Visual Studio 2013, Microsoft introduced the __vectorcall calling convention which extends the x64 convention." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Graph theory-Applications-Graphs and networks are excellent models to study and understand phase transitions and critical phenomena.\nRemoval of nodes or edges leads to a critical transition where the network breaks into small clusters which is studied as a phase transition. This breakdown is studied via percolation t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"x >0 i\n2. i for each .\nAnswer\n66\n1.\n36\n2.\nGeneralized Coefficients\nCompute each of the following:\n(\u22125)(3)\n1.\n(1) (4)\n2.\n2\n(\u22121) (5)\n3.\n3\nAnswer\n\u2212210\n1.\n\u221215\n2.\n16\n\u22123640\n3.\n243\nCompute each of the following:\n(1/2)\n1. 3\n(\u22125)\n2.\n4\n(\u22121/3)\n3. 5\nAnswer\n1\n1... | large_corpus_distillation |
"RC5-RC5-In cryptography, RC5 is a symmetric-key block cipher notable for its simplicity. Designed by Ronald Rivest in 1994, RC stands for \"Rivest Cipher\", or alternatively, \"Ron's Code\" (compare RC2 and RC4). The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) candidate RC6 was based on RC5." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bootstrap aggregating-Improving Random Forests and Bagging-While the techniques described above utilize random forests and bagging (otherwise known as bootstrapping), there are certain techniques that can be used in order to improve their execution and voting time, their prediction accuracy, and their overall performa... | large_corpus_distillation |
"WAVL tree-Related structures-AVL trees An AVL tree is a kind of balanced binary search tree in which the two children of each internal node must have heights that differ by at most one. The height of an external node is zero, and the height of any internal node is always one plus the maximum of the heights of its two ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Multiparty communication complexity-Multiparty communication complexity-In theoretical computer science, multiparty communication complexity is the study of communication complexity in the setting where there are more than 2 players." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pull-to-refresh-Reception-Upon its initial release, pull-to-refresh received positive reviews from Tweetie users. Users praised the mechanism for its convenience and intuitive nature. Aside from general users, pull-to-refresh was also well received by the overall interaction design community. Designer Tim Van Damme re... | large_corpus_distillation |
work.\nReduce the use of internet.\nPractice time management and priority-setting skills.\nA method called Mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"\uf00c Example 7.1.28\nFactor: 21x3\u22129x2+15x\nSolution\nIn a previous example we found the GCF of 21x3,9x2,15x to be 3x.\nRewrite each term using the GCF, 3x.\nFactor the GCF.\nCheck.\n3x(7x2\u22123x+5)\n3x\u22c57x2\u22123x\u22c53x+3x\u22c55\n21x3\u22129x2+15x\u2713\n\uf128 Try It 7.1.29\nFactor: 20x3\u221210x2+14... | large_corpus_distillation |
sentence meaning and syntax.Lexical units, also referred to as syntactic atoms, can be independent such as in the case of root words or parts of compound words or they require association with other units, as prefixes and suffixes do. The former are termed free morphemes and the latter bound morphemes. They fall into a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Differential-linear attack-Differential-linear attack-The attack was generalised by Eli Biham et al. to use differential characteristics with probability less than 1. Besides DES, it has been applied to FEAL, IDEA, Serpent, Camellia, and even the stream cipher Phelix." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Digital sum in base b-Digital sum in base b-The digital sum in base b of a set of natural numbers is calculated as follows: express each of the numbers in base b, then take the sum of corresponding digits and discard all carry overs. That is, the digital sum is the same as the normal sum except that no carrying is use... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Divide and choose-Generalizations and improvements-Efficient allocations Divide-and-choose might yield inefficient allocations. One commonly used example is a cake that is half vanilla and half chocolate. Suppose Bob likes only chocolate, and Carol only vanilla. If Bob is the cutter and he is unaware of Carol's prefer... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hybrid algorithm (constraint satisfaction)-Cycle cutset inference/search algorithm-This hybrid algorithm is based on running search over a set of variables and inference over the other ones. In particular, backtracking or some other form of search is run over a number of variables; whenever a consistent partial assign... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Quasiconvexity (calculus of variations)-Relations to other notions of convexity-Quasiconvexity is a generalisation of convexity for functions defined on matrices, to see this let A\u2208Rm\u00d7d and V\u2208L1(B(0,1),Rm) with \u222bB(0,1)V(x)dx=0 . The Riesz-Markov-Kakutani representation theorem states that the dua... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Geometric series-Instances-The terms of a geometric series are also the terms of a generalized Fibonacci sequence (Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2 but without requiring F0 = 0 and F1 = 1) when a geometric series common ratio r satisfies the constraint 1 + r = r2, which according to the quadratic formula is when the common ratio r eq... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hasse\u2013Arf theorem-Example-Suppose G is cyclic of order pn , p residue characteristic and G(i) be the subgroup of G of order pn\u2212i . The theorem says that there exist positive integers i0,i1,...,in\u22121 such that G0=\u22ef=Gi0=G=G0=\u22ef=Gi0 Gi0+1=\u22ef=Gi0+pi1=G(1)=Gi0+1=\u22ef=Gi0+i1 Gi0+pi1+1=\u22... | large_corpus_distillation |
"MailScanner-Technology-MailScanner is implemented in around 50,000 lines of Perl. It links with other software packages in order to fulfill its duties: Email server (MTA) (e.g. sendmail, postfix).\nAnti-virus software (e.g. ClamAV \u2013 over twenty five different products are supported).\nAnti-spam software (SpamAssa... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Estimator-Quantified properties-It is used to indicate how far, on average, the collection of estimates are from the single parameter being estimated. Consider the following analogy. Suppose the parameter is the bull's-eye of a target, the estimator is the process of shooting arrows at the target, and the individual a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Two-dimensional singular-value decomposition-Two-dimensional singular-value decomposition-Two-dimensional singular-value decomposition (2DSVD) computes the low-rank approximation of a set of matrices such as 2D images or weather maps in a manner almost identical to SVD (singular-value decomposition) which computes the... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Fax-Capabilities-JBIG In 1999, ITU-T recommendation T.30 added JBIG (ITU-T T.82) as another lossless bi-level compression algorithm, or more precisely a \"fax profile\" subset of JBIG (ITU-T T.85). JBIG-compressed pages result in 20% to 50% faster transmission than MMR-compressed pages, and up to 30 times faster trans... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Viterbi algorithm-Viterbi algorithm-The Viterbi algorithm is a dynamic programming algorithm for obtaining the maximum a posteriori probability estimate of the most likely sequence of hidden states\u2014called the Viterbi path\u2014that results in a sequence of observed events, especially in the context of Markov info... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Website correlation-Website correlation-Website correlation, or website matching, is a process used to identify websites that are similar or related. Websites are inherently easy to duplicate. This led to proliferation of identical websites or very similar websites for purposes ranging from translation to Internet mar... | large_corpus_distillation |
in S.\nReturn I.ANALYSIS: For each node v, divide its neighbours to lower neighbours (whose degree is lower than the degree of v) and higher neighbours (whose degree is higher than the degree of v), breaking ties as in the algorithm.\nCall a node v bad if more than 2/3 of its neighbors are higher neighbours. Call an ed... | large_corpus_distillation |
the conditional probability of the hypothesis relative to the evidence and the unconditional probability of the hypothesis, i.e. the degree of support is P(H\u2223E)\u2212P(H) . The problem with measuring this degree is that it depends on how certain the theory already is prior to receiving the evidence. So if a scien... | large_corpus_distillation |
"English grammar-Word classes and phrases-Phrases Noun phrases are phrases that function grammatically as nouns within sentences, for example as the subject or object of a verb. Most noun phrases have a noun as their head.An English noun phrase typically takes the following form (not all elements need be present): In t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mobility management-TMSI-The network can also change the TMSI of the mobile at any time. And it normally does so, in order to avoid the subscriber from being identified, and tracked by eavesdroppers on the radio interface. This makes it difficult to trace which mobile is which, except briefly, when the mobile is just ... | large_corpus_distillation |
P(0.5\u2264M\u22640.7)\n2. The relative frequency of the event {0.5\u2264M\u22640.7}\n3. The normal approximation to P(0.5\u2264M\u22640.7)\nAnswer\n1. P(0.5\u2264M\u22640.7)=0.8089\n3. P(0.5\u2264M\u22640.7)\u22480.808\nFamous Problems\nIn 1693, Samuel Pepys asked Isaac Newton whether it is more likely to get at least... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Hidden compartment-Hidden compartment-The term hidden compartment can also refer to smaller storage places for valuables and personal belongings in furniture (such as cabinet compartments), trap compartments in vehicles, false bottoms in containers, and various other concealment devices." | large_corpus_distillation |
"HTML Working Group-History-The traditional version of HTML allowed uncertainties in code review, which means even there are some mistakes in the web pages, browser will still display the contents through error detection and correction. \"Nowadays, there would be at least one mistake existing in over 99% HTML web pages... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Detection theory-Mathematics-P(H1|y) > P(H2|y) / MAP testing In the case of making a decision between two hypotheses, H1, absent, and H2, present, in the event of a particular observation, y, a classical approach is to choose H1 when p(H1|y) > p(H2|y) and H2 in the reverse case. In the event that the two a posteriori ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Data model-Overview-Managing large quantities of structured and unstructured data is a primary function of information systems. Data models describe the structure, manipulation, and integrity aspects of the data stored in data management systems such as relational databases. They may also describe data with a looser s... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Git-Conventions-Pushed commits should usually not be overwritten, but should rather be reverted (a commit is made on top which reverses the changes to an earlier commit). This prevents shared new commits based on shared commits from being invalid because the commit on which they are based does not exist in the remote.... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Data deduplication-Functioning principle-For example, a typical email system might contain 100 instances of the same 1 MB (megabyte) file attachment. Each time the email platform is backed up, all 100 instances of the attachment are saved, requiring 100 MB storage space. With data deduplication, only one instance of t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Syntactic bootstrapping-Acquiring lexical categories-Initial video: Duck uses left hand to push rabbit into squatting position while both animals wave their right arms in circles During the video, children are presented with one of the following two descriptions: (6) Utterance A: The duck is kradding the rabbit.\n(des... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Minimum spanning tree-Algorithms-In all of the algorithms below, m is the number of edges in the graph and n is the number of vertices." | large_corpus_distillation |
and relies on numerical processes of well designed risk models to suggest reliable benchmark trades that mitigate all market risks. The other, aforementioned risks must be hedged using other systematic processes." | large_corpus_distillation |
is a positive number or zero. From the origin, a point located at has\nan absolute value of as it isxunits away. Consider absolute value as the distance from one point to another point.\nRegardless of direction, positive or negative, the distance between the two points is represented as a positive number or\nzero.\nAna... | large_corpus_distillation |
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