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Windows Vista	ability choose individual drives defragment reintroduced well.service pack introduced support new hardware software standards notably exfat file system .n wireless networking ipv vpn connections secure socket tunneling protocol.booting system using extensible firmware interface x systems also introduced feature originally slated initial release vista delayed due lack compatible hardware time.booting guid partition table–based hard drive greater .tb supported x only.two areas seen changes sp come result concerns software vendors.one desktop search users able change default desktop search program one provided third party instead microsoft desktop search program comes windows vista desktop search programs able seamlessly tie services operating system.changes come part due complaints google whose google desktop search application hindered presence vistas builtin desktop search.
Windows Vista	june google claimed changes introduced sp step right direction improved give consumers greater access alternate desktop search providers.area note set new security apis introduced benefit antivirus software currently relies unsupported practice patching kernel see kernel patch protection.an update directx named directx .marked mandatory several features previously optional directd hardware.graphics cards required support directx .. sp includes kernel .matches version shipped windows server .the group policy management console gpmc replaced group policy object editor.
Windows Vista	updated downloadable version group policy management console released soon service pack.sp enables support hotpatching rebootreduction servicing technology designed maximize uptime.works allowing windows components updated patched still use running process.hotpatchenabled update packages installed via methods traditional update packages trigger system reboot.service pack service pack windows vista released manufacturing april released microsoft download center windows update may one year release windows vista sp five months release windows .addition number security fixes number new features added.
Windows Vista	however include internet explorer instead included windows released five months vista sp.windows search available sp systems standalone updatefeature pack wireless adds support bluetooth .windows feature pack storage enables data recording onto bluray mediawindows connect wcn simplify wifi configurationimproved support resuming active wifi connectionsimproved support esata drivesthe limit halfopen outgoing tcp connections introduced windows xp sp removedenables exfat file system support utc timestamps allows correct file synchronization across time zonessupport iccdccid smart cardssupport via bit cpusimproved performance responsiveness rss feeds sidebarimproves audio video performance streaming highdefinition contentimproves windows media center wmc content protection tvprovides improved power management policy approximately efficient original default policieswindows vista windows server share single service pack binary reflecting fact code bases joined release server .service pack cumulative update meaning service pack must installed first.platform update platform update windows vista released october .includes major new components shipped windows well updated runtime libraries.requires service pack windows vista windows server listed windows update recommended download.the platform update allows application developers target windows vista windows .
Windows Vista	consists following componentswindows graphics runtime directd directwrite directd dxgi .warpupdates windows imaging componentupdates xps print api xps document api xps rasterization servicewindows automation api updates msaa ui automationwindows portable devices platform adds support mtp bluetooth mtp device serviceswindows ribbon apiwindows animation manager librarysome updates available separate releases windows xp windows vistawindows management framework windows powershell .windows remote management .bits .remote desktop connection .rdp clientalthough extensive platform update bring windows vista level features performance offered windows .
Windows Vista	example even though directd runtime able run ddclass hardware wddm drivers using feature levels first introduced directd .desktop window manager updated use directd ..in july microsoft released platform update supplement windows vista windows server contains several bug fixes performance improvements.outofband patches bluekeep patch microsoft released update windows vista sp resolve bluekeep security vulnerability cve affects remote desktop protocol older windows versions.subsequent related flaws cve cve cve cve collectively known dejablue affect windows vista earlier versions windows.installation patch changed build number windows vista .
Windows Vista	unofficial outofband patches windows vista support ended april support could unofficially extended installing windows server updates allowed windows vista users install security updates windows server end support date january .outofband updates released windows server newer installed windows vista.text services framework patch text services framework compromised privilege escalation vulnerability cve could allow attackers use framework perform privileged operations run software send messages privileged processes unprivileged processes—bypassing security features sandboxes user account control.microsoft remediated issues related vulnerability release patch august windows vista sp windows server sp later versions windows.malware protection engine patch vulnerability related windows defender affected way malware protection engine operates cve reported may .
Windows Vista	windows defender scanned specially crafted file would lead memory corruption potentially allowing attacker control affected machine perform arbitrary code execution context localsystem vulnerability exacerbated default realtime protection settings windows defender configured automatically initiate malware scans regular intervals.first version protection engine affected vulnerability version ...—subsequent versions engine unaffected.microsoft released patch address issue.termination update services windows vista support ended april updates released os apart rare outofband patches.windows update services os continued work install previously released updates july sha windows update endpoints discontinued.
Windows Vista	however may microsoft update catalog still hosting updates download windows vista.marketing campaign mojave experiment july microsoft introduced webbased advertising campaign called mojave experiment depicts group people asked evaluate newest operating system microsoft calling windows mojave.participants first asked vista used overall satisfaction vista scale .shown demo new operating systems features asked opinion satisfaction scale.respondents rate mojave told shown demo windows vista.
Windows Vista	object test theory people could see windows vista firsthand would like it.according microsoft initial sample respondents rated vista average .mojave received average .respondents rating mojave lower originally rated windows vista demo.experiment criticized deliberate selection positive statements addressing aspects vista.
Windows Vista	reception windows vista received mixed negative reviews time release throughout lifespan mainly much higher hardware requirements perceived slowness compared windows xp.it received generally positive reviews pc gamers praised advantages brought directx allowed better gaming performance realistic graphics well support many new capabilities featured new gpus.however many directx games initially ran lower frame rates compared run windows xp.mid benchmarks suggested sp update improved performance par better windows xp terms game performance.peter bright ars technica wrote despite delays feature cuts windows vista huge evolution history nt platform ... fundamental changes platform scale seen since release nt .first version.continuation previous assessment bright stated vista simply xp new skin core parts os radically overhauled virtually every area seen significant refinement.
Windows Vista	terms magnitude extent changes vista represents probably biggest leap nt platform ever seen.never significant subsystems gutted replaced way vista.many others tech industry echoed sentiments time directing praise towards massive amount technical features new windows vista.windows vista received best ces award consumer electronics show .in first year availability pc world rated biggest tech disappointment rated infoworld no.techs alltime flops.microsofts much smaller competitor apple noted despite vistas far greater sales operating system seem suffered release would later invest advertising mocking vistas unpopularity users.computer manufacturers dell lenovo hewlettpackard released newest computers windows vista preinstalled however negative reception operating system also began selling computers windows xp cds included drop sales.
Windows Vista	sales gartner research report predicted vista business adoption would overtake xp time frame .vs. .idc indicated launch windows server served catalyst stronger adoption rates.january forrester research indicated almost one third north american european corporations started deploying vista.may conference microsoft vice president said adoption deployment windows vista slightly ahead xp big businesses.within first month million copies vista sold double amount windows xp sales within first month october five years earlier.
Windows Vista	shortly however due vistas relatively low adoption rates continued demand windows xp microsoft decided sell windows xp june instead previously planned date january .reports vista users downgrading operating systems back xp well reports businesses planning skip vista.study conducted changewave march showed percentage corporate users satisfied vista dramatically lower operating systems vista compared said satisfied windows xp.the internetusage market share windows vista two years availability january .. figure combined world internet users population stats yielded user base roughly million exceeded microsofts twoyear post launch expectations million.internet user base reached release successor windows roughly million according statistical sources.criticism windows vista received several negative assessments.
Windows Vista	criticism targets include protracted development time – years restrictive licensing terms inclusion several technologies aimed restricting copying protected digital media usability new user account control security technology.moreover concerns raised many pcs meeting vista premium ready hardware requirements vistas pricing.hardware requirements microsoft claimed nearly pcs market today run windows vista higher requirements premium features aero interface affected many upgraders.according uk newspaper times may full set features would available less percent britains pc market however prediction made several months vista released.continuing lack clarity eventually led class action microsoft people found new computers unable use new software full potential despite assurance vista capable designations.
Windows Vista	court case made public internal microsoft communications indicate senior executives also difficulty issue.example mike nash corporate vice president windows product management commented email machine laptops lack appropriate graphics chip hobbled vista.licensing criticism upgrade licenses pertaining windows vista starter home premium expressed ars technicas ken fisher noted new requirement prior operating system already installed going irritate users reinstall windows regularly.it revealed upgrade copy windows vista installed clean without first installing previous version windows.first install windows refuse activate.user must reinstall copy vista.
Windows Vista	vista activate reinstall thus allowing user install upgrade windows vista without owning previous operating system.windows xp separate rules still apply oem versions vista installed new pcs microsoft asserts versions legally transferable although whether conflicts right first sale yet clearly decided legally.cost initially cost windows vista also source concern commentary.majority users poll said prices various windows vista editions posted microsoft canada website august make product expensive.bbc news report day vistas release suggested may backlash consumers pricing plans—with cost vista versions us roughly half price equivalent versions uk.since release vista microsoft reduced retail upgraded price point vista.
Windows Vista	originally vista ultimate priced home premium vista .prices since reduced respectively.digital rights management windows vista supports additional forms drm restrictions.one aspect protected video path designed premium content hd dvd bluray discs may mandate connections pc components encrypted.depending content demands devices may pass premium content nonencrypted outputs must artificially degrade quality signal outputs display all.
Windows Vista	drivers hardware must approved microsoft revocation mechanism also included allows microsoft disable drivers devices enduser pcs internet.peter gutmann security researcher author open source cryptlib library claims mechanisms violate fundamental rights user fair use unnecessarily increase cost hardware make systems less reliable tilt bit particular worry triggered entire graphic subsystem performs reset vulnerable denialofservice attacks.however despite several requests evidence supporting claims peter gutmann never supported claims researched evidence.proponents claimed microsoft choice follow demands movie studios technology actually enabled microsoft also noted content protection mechanisms existed windows far back windows new protections apply existing content future content.user account control although user account control uac important part vistas security infrastructure blocks software silently gaining administrator privileges without users knowledge widely criticized generating many prompts.
Windows Vista	led many vista uac users consider troublesome consequently either turning feature windows vista enterprise windows vista ultimate users putting autoapproval mode.responding criticism microsoft altered implementation reduce number prompts sp.though changes resulted improvement alleviate concerns completely.downgrade rights endusers licenses windows acquired oem volume licensing may downgrade equivalent edition windows vista.downgrade rights offered starter home basic home premium editions windows .
Drupal	windows licenses acquired oem user may also downgrade equivalent edition windows vista.customers licensed use windows enterprise generally licensed windows pro may downgraded windows vista business.see also bluekeep security vulnerabilitycomparison windows vista windows xpmicrosoft security essentials notes references external links windows vista end supportwindows vista service pack sp updatedrupal provides opensource backend framework least top websites worldwide – ranging personal blogs corporate political government sites.systems also use drupal knowledge management business collaboration.as march drupal community comprised .million members including users actively contributing resulting free modules extend customize drupal functionality free themes change look feel drupal least free distributions allow users quickly easily set complex usespecific drupal fewer steps.the standard release drupal known drupal core contains basic features common contentmanagement systems.include user account registration maintenance menu management rss feeds taxonomy page layout customization system administration.drupal core installation serve simple website single multiuser blog internet forum community website providing usergenerated content.drupal also describes web application framework.
Drupal	compared notable frameworks drupal meets generally accepted feature requirements web frameworks.although drupal offers sophisticated api developers basic website installation administration framework require programming skills.drupal runs computing platform supports web server capable running php database store content configuration.history originally written dries buytaert message board drupal became open source project .name drupal represents english rendering dutch word druppel means drop water droplet.name came nowdefunct drop.org website whose code slowly evolved drupal.buytaert wanted call site dorp dutch village community aspects mistyped checking domain name thought error sounded better.interest drupal got significant boost helped build deanspace howard dean one candidates u.s. democratic partys primary campaign u.s. presidential election.
Drupal	deanspace used opensource sharing drupal support decentralized network approximately disparate unofficial prodean websites allowed users communicate directly one another well campaign.dean ended campaign members web team continued pursue interest developing web platform could aid political activism launching civicspace labs july ...the first company fulltime employees developing distributing drupal technology.companies began also specialize drupal development.drupal website listed hundreds vendors offered drupalrelated services.as drupal developed community.july june drupal.org site provided .
Drupal	million downloads drupal software increase approximately previous year.as january sites use drupal.include hundreds wellknown organizations including corporations media publishing companies governments nonprofits schools individuals.drupal several packt open source cms awards webware three times row.drupal released february march buytaert announced code freeze drupal september .drupal released january release parties several countries.maintenance drupal stopped drupal drupal maintained.
Drupal	drupal series maintenance updates released regularly.previously drupal endoflife scheduled november given impact covid end life pushed back november .drupal still endoflife november .on october drupal first release candidate rc announced.drupal includes new features improvements users developers including revamped user interface wysiwyg inplace editing improved mobile support added improved key contributed modules including views date entity reference introduced new objectoriented backend leveraging symfony components revamped configuration management improved multilingual support.drupal rc collective work core contributors.drupal .. released november .
Drupal	subsequent major minor releases bring numerous improvements bug fixes including ckeditor wysiwyg enhancements added apis improved help page found releases page.drupal initial release .. june .drupal initial release schedule june .core drupal community core refers collaboratively built codebase extended contributory modules – versions prior drupal – kept outside sites folder drupal installation.starting version core kept core subdirectory.drupal core stock element drupal.common drupalspecific libraries well bootstrap process defined drupal core functionality defined drupal modules including system module itself.in drupal websites default configuration authors contribute content either registered anonymous users discretion administrator.
Drupal	content accessible web visitors variety selectable criteria.drupal drupal adopted symfony libraries drupal core.core modules also includes hierarchical taxonomy system lets developers categorize content tagged key words easier access.drupal maintains detailed changelog core feature updates version.core modules drupal core includes modules enabled administrator extend functionality core website.the core drupal distribution provides number features including core themes drupal includes core themes customize look feel drupal sites example garland bartik.the color module introduced drupal core .allows administrators change color scheme certain themes via browser interface.localization january drupal made available languages english default.
Drupal	support included righttoleft languages arabic persian hebrew.drupal localization built top gettext gnu internationalization localization library.autoupdate notification drupal automatically notify administrator new versions modules themes drupal core.important update quickly security updates released.before updating highly recommended take backup core modules theme files database.error shown update new update compatible module quickly replaced backup.several backup modules available drupal.on october sql injection vulnerability announced update released.
Drupal	two weeks later drupal security team released advisory explaining everyone act assumption site updated within hours announcement infected.thus extremely important apply updates quickly usage tool like drush make process easier highly recommended.database abstraction prior version drupal functions performed tasks related databases sql query cleansing multisite table name prefixing generating proper sql queries.particular drupal introduced abstraction layer allowed programmers create sql queries without writing sql.drupal extends data abstraction layer programmer longer needs write sql queries text strings.uses php data objects abstract database.
Drupal	microsoft written database driver sql server.drupal supports filebased sqlite database engine part standard php distribution.windows development drupal new database abstraction layer ability run windows web server iis easier windows developers participate drupal community.a group drupal.org dedicated windows issues.accessibility since release drupal web accessibility constantly improving drupal community.drupal good framework building sites accessible people disabilities many best practices incorporated drupal core.drupal saw many improvements authoring tool accessibility guidelines atag .
Drupal	guidelines support accessible authoring environment well support authors produce accessible content.the accessibility team carrying work identifying resolving accessibility barriers raising awareness within community.drupal good semantic support rich web applications waiaria.many improvements visitor administrator sides drupal especiallydrag drop functionalityimproved color contrast intensityadding skip navigation core themesadding labels default input formsfixing css displaynone consistent methods hiding exposing text focusadding support aria live regions drupal.announce andadding tabbingmanager support better keyboard navigation.the community also added accessibility gate core issues drupal .extending core drupal core modular defining system hooks callbacks accessed internally via api.design allows thirdparty contributed modules themes extend override drupals default behaviors without changing drupal cores code.drupal isolates core files contributed modules themes.increases flexibility security allows administrators cleanly upgrade new releases without overwriting sites customizations.
Drupal	drupal community saying never hack core strong recommendation site developers change core files.modules contributed modules offer additional alternate features image galleries custom content types content listings wysiwyg editors private messaging thirdparty integration tools integrating bpm portals more.december drupal website lists free modules.some commonly used contributed modules includecontent construction kit cck allows site administrators dynamically create content types extending database schema.content type describes kind information.content types include limited events invitations reviews articles products.
Drupal	cck fields api drupal core drupal .views facilitates retrieval presentation database abstraction system content site visitors.basic views functionality added core drupal .panels drag drop layout manager allows site administrators visually design site.rules conditionally executed actions based recurring events.features enables capture management features entities views fields configuration etc.custom modules.context allows definition sections site drupal features conditionally activatedmedia makes photo uploading media management easierservices provides api drupal.organic groups mailing list themes december free communitycontributed themes.themes adapt replace drupal sites default look feel.drupal themes use standardized formats may generated common thirdparty theme design engines.many written phptemplate engine lesser extent xtemplate engine.
Drupal	templates use hardcoded php.drupal future versions drupal integrate twig templating engine.the inclusion phptemplate xtemplate engines drupal addressed user concerns flexibility complexity.drupal theming system utilizes template engine separate htmlcss php.popular drupal contributed module called devel provides gui information developers themers page build.communitycontributed themes drupal website released free gpl license.distributions past wanting fully customized installation drupal download pretailored version separately official drupal core.
Drupal	today however distribution defines packaged version drupal upon installation provides website application built specific purpose.the distributions offer benefit new drupal site without manually seek install thirdparty contributed modules adjust configuration settings.collections modules themes associated configuration settings prepare drupal custom operation.example distribution could configure drupal brochure site rather news site online store.architecture drupal based presentation abstraction control architecture pac.the menu system acts controller.accepts input via single source http get post routes requests appropriate helper functions pulls data abstraction nodes drupal onwards forms pushes filter get presentation theme system.it even multiple parallel pac agents form blocks push data common canvas page.tpl.php.
Drupal	community drupal.org large community users developers provide active community support coming new updates help improve functionality drupal.january users actively contributing.semiannual drupalcon conference alternates north america europe asia.attendance drupalcon grew szeged august people austin texas june .smaller events known drupal camps drupalcamp occur throughout year world.annual florida drupalcamp brings users together coding cause benefits local nonprofit organization annual gladcamp greater los angeles drupal camp event coders cause.the drupal community also organizes professional semiprofessional gatherings called meetups large number venues around world.there national communities around drupal.org offering languagespecific support.notable drupal users include nbc taboola patch people.
Drupal	security drupals policy announce nature security vulnerability fix released.administrators drupal sites automatically notified new releases via update status module drupal via update manager drupal .drupal maintains security announcement mailing list history security advisories security team home page rss feed recent security advisories.in midoctober drupal issued highly critical security advisory regarding sql injection bug drupal also known drupalgeddon.downloading installing upgrade drupal .fixes vulnerability remove backdoor installed hackers site already compromised.attacks began soon vulnerability announced.according drupal security team site patched within hours announcement considered compromised taken offline replaced static html page administrator server must told sites server may also compromised.to solve problem site must restored using backups october patched manually updated anything merged site must audited.in late march patch vulnerability cve also dubbed drupalgeddon released.underlying bug allows remote attackers without special roles permissions take complete control drupal sites.
Drupal	drupal reached endoflife february get official security updates extended support available two paid long term services vendors.starting early april large scale automated attacks vulnerable sites observed april high level penetration unpatched sites reported.on december drupal patched arbitrary file upload flaw.fileupload flaw affects drupal ..x .. ..x .. vulnerability listed moderately critical drupal.see also comparison web frameworkslist applications icalendar supportlist content management systems references reading abbottjones learning drupal england packt publishing.isbn pol kristen .
Drupal	drupal multilingual sites.birmingham england packt publishing.isbn .mercer david .drupal .birmingham england packt publishing.
Drupal	isbn .travis brian .pro drupal windows developers.berkeley apress.isbn .butcher matt larry garfield john wilkins matt farina ken rickard greg dunlap .drupal module development.
Drupal	birmingham england packt publishing.isbn .bhavin patel aug .drupal panel cookbook.canada packt publishing.isbn .beighley lynn .
Drupal	drupal dummies.new york dummies.isbn .herremans d. .drupal ultimate community site guide.switzerland.
Drupal	isbn .peacock michael .selling online drupal ecommerce.birmingham england packt publishing.isbn .vandyk john k. .pro drupal development second edition.
Drupal	new york springer verlagapress.isbn .kafer konstantin emma hogbin apr .front end drupal designing theming scripting.jersey usa prentice hall.isbn .
Encrypting File System	external links official websitentfs provides filesystemlevel encryption.technology enables files transparently encrypted protect confidential data attackers physical access computer.efs available versions windows except home versions see supported operating systems windows onwards.default files encrypted encryption enabled users perfile perdirectory perdrive basis.efs settings also mandated via group policy windows domain environments.cryptographic file system implementations operating systems available microsoft efs compatible them.see also list cryptographic file systems.
Encrypting File System	basic ideas operating system running system without file encryption access files normally goes oscontrolled user authentication access control lists.however attacker gains physical access computer barrier easily circumvented.one way example would remove disk put another computer os installed read filesystem another would simply reboot computer boot cd containing os suitable accessing local filesystem.the widely accepted solution store files encrypted physical media disks usb pen drives tapes cds on.in microsoft windows family operating systems efs enables measure although ntfs drives using combination public key cryptography symmetric key cryptography make decrypting files extremely difficult without correct key.however cryptography keys efs practice protected user account password therefore susceptible password attacks.words encryption file strong password unlock decryption key.operation efs works encrypting file bulk symmetric key also known file encryption key fek.
Encrypting File System	uses symmetric encryption algorithm takes less time encrypt decrypt large amounts data asymmetric key cipher used.symmetric encryption algorithm used vary depending version configuration operating system see algorithms used windows version below.fek symmetric key used encrypt file encrypted public key associated user encrypted file encrypted fek stored efs alternative data stream encrypted file.decrypt file efs component driver uses private key matches efs digital certificate used encrypt file decrypt symmetric key stored efs stream.efs component driver uses symmetric key decrypt file.
Encrypting File System	encryption decryption operations performed layer ntfs transparent user applications.folders whose contents encrypted file system marked encryption attribute.efs component driver treats encryption attribute way analogous inheritance file permissions ntfs folder marked encryption default files subfolders created folder also encrypted.encrypted files moved within ntfs volume files remain encrypted.however number occasions file could decrypted without user explicitly asking windows so.files folders decrypted copied volume formatted another file system like fat.finally encrypted files copied network using smbcifs protocol files decrypted sent network.the significant way preventing decryptiononcopy using backup applications aware raw apis.
Encrypting File System	backup applications implemented raw apis simply copy encrypted file stream efs alternative data stream single file.words files copied e.g.backup file encrypted form decrypted backup.starting windows vista users private key stored smart card data recovery agent dra keys also stored smart card.security vulnerabilities two significant security vulnerabilities existed windows efs variously targeted since.in windows local administrator default data recovery agent capable decrypting files encrypted efs local user.efs windows cannot function without recovery agent always someone decrypt encrypted files users.nondomainjoined windows computer susceptible unauthorized efs decryption anyone take local administrator account trivial given many tools available freely internet.in windows xp later default local data recovery agent requirement one.
Encrypting File System	setting syskey mode syskey typed bootup stored floppy disk mitigate risk unauthorized decryption local administrator account.local users password hashes stored sam file encrypted syskey syskey value available offline attacker possess syskey passphrasefloppy.accessing private key via password reset windows users rsa private key stored truly encrypted form also backup users rsa private key weakly protected.attacker gains physical access windows computer resets local user accounts password attacker log user recovery agent gain access rsa private key decrypt files.backup users rsa private key encrypted lsa secret accessible attacker elevate login localsystem trivial given numerous tools internet.in windows xp beyond users rsa private key backed using offline public key whose matching private key stored one two places password reset disk windows xp member domain active directory windows xp member domain.
Encrypting File System	means attacker authenticate windows xp localsystem still access decryption key stored pcs hard drive.in windows xp later users rsa private key encrypted using hash users ntlm password hash plus user name – use salted hash makes extremely difficult reverse process recover private key without knowing users passphrase.also setting syskey mode syskey typed bootup stored floppy disk mitigate attack since local users password hash stored encrypted sam file.issues user logged successfully access efs encrypted data requires additional authentication decryption happens transparently.thus compromise users password automatically leads access data.windows store versions user account passphrases reversible encryption though longer default behaviour also configured store default original version windows xp lower lan manager hashes local user account passphrases attacked broken easily.
Encrypting File System	also stores local user account passphrases ntlm hashes fairly easily attacked using rainbow tables passwords weak windows vista later versions dont allow weak passwords default.mitigate threat trivial bruteforce attacks local passphrases older versions windows need configured using security settings portion group policy never store lm hashes course enable autologon stores plaintext passphrases registry.using local user account passphrases characters long prevents windows storing lm hash sam – added benefit making bruteforce attacks ntlm hash harder.when encrypting files efs – converting plaintext files encrypted files – plaintext files wiped simply deleted i.e.data blocks flagged use filesystem.means unless example happen stored ssd trim support easily recovered unless overwritten.
Encrypting File System	fully mitigate known nonchallenging technical attacks efs encryption configured folder level temporary files like word document backups created directories also encrypted.encrypting individual files copied encrypted folder encrypted place followed securely wiping disk volume.windows cipher utility used w option wipe free space including still contains deleted plaintext files various thirdparty utilities may work well.anyone gain administrators access overwrite override change data recovery agent configuration.serious issue since attacker example hack administrator account using thirdparty tools set whatever dra certificate want data recovery agent wait.sometimes referred twostage attack significantly different scenario risk due lost stolen pc highlights risk due malicious insiders.when user encrypts files first stage attack feks automatically encrypted designated dras public key.
Encrypting File System	attacker needs access computer administrator gain full access subsequently efsencrypted files.even using syskey mode protect attack attacker could back encrypted files offline restore elsewhere use dras private key decrypt files.malicious insider gain physical access computer security features considered irrelevant could also install rootkits software even hardware keyloggers etc.computer – potentially much interesting effective overwriting dra policy.recovery files encrypted efs decrypted using rsa private keys matching previously used public keys.
Encrypting File System	stored copy users private key ultimately protected users logon password.accessing encrypted files outside windows operating systems linux example possible — least currently third party efs component driver.using special tools reset users login password render impossible decrypt users private key thus useless gaining access users encrypted files.significance occasionally lost users resulting data loss user forgets password fails back encryption key.led coining term delayed recycle bin describe seeming inevitability data loss inexperienced user encrypts files.if efs configured use keys issued public key infrastructure pki configured enable key archival recovery encrypted files recovered recovering private key first.
Encrypting File System	keys user password smart card private key used generate decryption key decrypt users dpapi master keydpapi master key used decrypt users rsa private keysrsa private key used decrypt files fekfile encryption key fek used decryptencrypt files data primary ntfs streamsyskey used encrypt cached domain verifier password hashes stored sam supported operating systems windows windows professional server advanced server datacenter editionswindows xp professional also tablet pc edition media center edition x editionwindows server windows server r x x editionswindows vista business enterprise ultimate editionswindows professional enterprise ultimate editionswindows server windows server rwindows .pro enterprise editionswindows server windows server rwindows pro enterprise education editions.windows server windows server operating systems operating systems file systems native support efs.new features available windows version windows xpencryption clientside cache offline files databaseprotection dpapi master key backup using domainwide public keyautoenrollment user certificates including efs certificatesmultipleuser shared access encrypted files filebyfile basis revocation checking certificates used sharing encrypted filesencrypted files shown alternative color green defaultno requirement mandatory recovery agentwarning files may getting silently decrypted moving unsupported file systempassword reset diskefs webdav remote encryption servers delegated active directorywindows xp spsupport default use aes symmetric encryption algorithm efsencrypted fileswindows xp sp kb prevent enrollment selfsigned efs certificateswindows server digital identity management serviceenforcement rsakeylength setting enforcing minimum key length enrolling selfsigned efs certificateswindows vista windows server peruser encryption clientside cache offline filessupport storing user dra rsa private keys pcsc smart cardefs rekey wizardefs key backup promptssupport deriving dpapi master key pcsc smart cardsupport encryption pagefile.sysprotection efsrelated secrets using bitlocker enterprise ultimate edition windows vistagroup policy controls enforceencryption documents folderoffline files encryptionindexing encrypted filesrequiring smart card efscreating cachingcapable user key smart carddisplaying key backup notification user key created changedspecifying certificate template used enrolling efs certificates automaticallywindows server efs selfsigned certificates enrolled windows server server default bit rsa key lengthall efs templates user data recovery agent certificates default bit rsa key lengthwindows windows server rellipticcurve cryptographic algorithms ecc.windows supports mixed mode operation ecc rsa algorithms backward compatibilityefs selfsigned certificates using ecc use bit key default.efs configured use kkkkkbit keys using selfsigned rsa certificates bit keys using ecc certificates.windows version windows server add efs support fat exfat.algorithms used windows version windows efs supports range symmetric encryption algorithms depending version windows use files encrypted see also bitlockerdata protection apidisk encryptiondisk encryption softwareecryptfsencfsfilesystemlevel encryptionhardwarebased full disk encryption references reading implementing encrypting file system windows .
Encrypting File System	windows evaluated configuration administrators guide.microsoft.retrieved december .bragg roberta.encrypting file system.technet.
Encrypting File System	microsoft.encrypting file system windows server windows vista.technet.microsoft.february .encrypting file system windows xp windows server .technet.
Encrypting File System	microsoft.april .network associates laboratories.use encrypting file system windows server windows xp professional.msdn.microsoft.using encrypting file system.
Encrypting File System	windows xp resource kit.microsoft.november .encrypting file system.windows resource kit.microsoft.how efs works.
Norton Internet Security	windows resource kit.microsoft.used signatures heuristics identify viruses.features included personal firewall email spam filtering phishing protection.release line summer symantec officially retired norton internet security years chief norton product.superseded norton security rechristened adaptation norton security suite.symantec distributed product download boxed cd oem software.retailers distributed flash drive.
Norton Internet Security	norton internet security held market share united states retail security suite category first half .history august symantec acquired peter norton computing peter norton.norton company developed various applications dos including antivirus.symantec continued development acquired technologies marketed name norton tagline symantec.nortons crossedarm pose registered u.s. trademark featured norton product packaging.
Norton Internet Security	however pose later moved spine packaging disappeared.users later versions could upgrade replacement software without buying new subscription.upgraded product retains earlier products subscription data.releases named year internal version numbers well.internal version number advanced .x edition match norton antivirus release year..x release product dropped year name although still referenced venues..
Norton Internet Security	.norton internet security released january symantecs first foray beyond virus protection content filters.release followed alliance internet provider excitehome antivirus vendor mcafee.com provide internet subscribers mcafees new firewall software mcafee personal firewall.version firewall based atguard wrq filters traffic packet level.could block activex controls java applets.
Norton Internet Security	features included cookie removal banner ad blocking.zdnet found ad blocker remove graphics ads breaking pages.adjusting settings fixed problem however process complicated.zdnet noted lack information presented concerning attacks firewall blocked.norton liveupdate downloads installs program updates.the family edition adds parental controls.
Norton Internet Security	parental controls backed quality control team people searched web inappropriate content.found content categorized subject matter placed blacklist sites.designated administrator could add blocked sites however presupplied blacklist cannot viewed edited since hard coded.administrators could block certain subject matter.another option block sites create whitelist allowed sites.
Norton Internet Security	family edition could block transmission specified personal information.information replaced letter x. however cnn noted xrated sites retrieved personal information queried search engine.version .released june ..version .
Norton Internet Security	released september adding support windows addition windows x series windows nt windows .following attacks iloveyou anna kournikova script viruses version could block malicious scripts without virus signatures analyzing behavior.the firewall scans internetenabled applications creates access rules installation based knowledge base maintained symantec.pc magazine testing installation took minutes complete mhz pentium iii internetenabled applications.using firewall users could determine whether accept cookies java applets activex controls global persite basis.new feature intrusion detection autoblock could detect port scans block intrusion attempts.
Norton Internet Security	program provides notifications intrusion attempts reporting severity level providing access threat details.alternatively firewall could put computer stealth essentially hiding system.users could configure security level managing number notifications.testing conducted pc magazine using shields symantecs security check found firewall successfully stealthed ports hiding computer view.leak test conducted see firewalls ability detect outbound connections.
Norton Internet Security	attempt detected suite offered block attempts.the family edition like prior version included parental controls information filtering feature.parental controls come list objectionable sites separated categories.list updated every two weeks norton liveupdate.using list alone norton blocks listed sites.consequently norton may block sites next update.
Norton Internet Security	parents could customize list adding removing sites.list allowed sites could created restrict children specific sites.version used application blocking rather protocol port filtering control internet access.children could restricted applications used access internet.parental control profile could set child settings could automatically configured based age group whether child teenager adult administrator.
Norton Internet Security	internet usage violations noted report presented parents.pc magazine found enabling parental controls added minute computers boot time.version .released march ...
Norton Internet Security	version announced august .family edition dropped parental controls information filtering bundled.installation noted quick simple pc magazine cnet.installation required reboot afterwards security assistant guides users questionnaire best configure service.cnet encountered problem upgrading prior release customized settings lost.
Norton Internet Security	pc magazine found default settings aimed avoiding frequent notifications somewhat permissive.windows support dropped.running full scan compiled list internetenabled applications.users set permissions accepted nortons defaults.firewall detected blocked port scans logged intrusion attempts.version trace attackers.
Norton Internet Security	ensure rogue programs could masquerade trustworthy applications norton verifies programs list digital signatures known programs.update tracker warned users hackers attempted gain access.firewall blocked access attempts shields port checker.version included wizard simplify firewall setup accommodate multiple computers sharing internet connection.release norton could prevent specified personal information access compatible instant messenger client email websites.
Norton Internet Security	adblocking included ad trashcan users could place ads escaped adfiltering.a professional edition announced december aimed towards business owners.version featured norton intrusion detection intercepted suspicious connections attacks code red worm.intrusion detection focused windowsbased attacks.central management available.administrators configured firewall productivity settings client computers.
Norton Internet Security	productivity settings allowed administrators block newsgroups websites advertisements.suite integrated xp user accounts settings could personalized..x version announced september .version added norton spam alert reduce spam.filter scanned whole message context rather looking keywords.
Norton Internet Security	pop client used.message identified spam norton inserted phrase default spam alert subject line.users could create rule delete move flagged messages.users could create strings text spam alert screen classifying messages.pc magazine testing spam alert mistakenly classified .
Norton Internet Security	percent legitimate email spam.percent spam slipped past filter.although false positive rate low feature fare well finding actual spam.the updated main interface offered green red indicators show features active needed attention.firewall updated features.block traffic button main interface blocks incoming outgoing internet traffic url.
Norton Internet Security	another new feature visual tracker graphically mapped attacks origin.firewall blocked port scans conducted cnet stealthing one.following nimda code red worms version scanned incoming outgoing traffic suspicious data exchanges routinely updated database feature ported norton internet security professional edition.connection offending computer automatically severed traffic matches database item.symantec announced professional edition november .data recovery tools allow users recover deleted malwaredamaged files.inclusion data erasure tool allowed users delete files minimizing chance recovery.
Norton Internet Security	web cleanup removes browser cache files history cookies.maintain dialup connections connection keep alive simulates online activity periods user inactivity.norton productivity control enables users filter internet content block newsgroups.used user access manager multiple filtering profiles could created assigned different users..x announced september version adds adware spyware keylogger protection.
Norton Internet Security	pc magazine found added protection weak.spyware samples norton detected significant number removed completely requiring manual removal.norton little prevent spyware infections.norton antispam renamed spam filtering feature set spam rules cannot viewed edited.whitelists blacklists senders could created.users may create spam definitions.
Norton Internet Security	antispam integrates outlook outlook express eudora allowing users tag email spam onthefly.email identified spam either quarantined default however feature could configured delete messages automatically.cnet testing antispam correctly identified percent spam messages.product activation introduced .installation users allowed day grace period activate copy norton internet security .program work deadline without character product key.
Norton Internet Security	product key used activate copy norton internet security ties alphanumeric code based computers hardware configuration.users may activate product five times product key however licensing terms dictate users allowed install norton internet security one computer..x symantec introduced version august .version sometimes referred tagline antispyware edition since spyware detection integrated norton default enabled.found threats listed separating ones already dealt ones requiring user interaction.
Norton Internet Security	detailed information provided link symantecs website.however pc pro pc magazine noted lengthy scan times.full scan took minutes half hour respectively.pc pro testing norton detected percent spyware samples compared average percent tested products.removal rates average percent versus average percent.
Norton Internet Security	norton blocked reinstallation score percent compared group average percent.overall norton ranked fifth among tested products.pc magazine testing norton installed slowly infected systems failed install one altogether.contacting symantec resolve issue.internet worm protection could block worms scan ip addresses open ports.blocks inbound ports based known suspected exploits using signatures heuristics.
Norton Internet Security	addition feature follows msblast sasser worms exploited vulnerability microsoft windows operating systems.response emerging privacy threats — percent threats last months attempted steal confidential information — version adds phishing protection.using firewall component users could create whitelist sites confidential information could transmitted.users alerted information transmitted site list.outbreak alert feature warns users major threats classified symantec users could press fix button applies set changes close vulnerabilities blocking necessary ports used propagating worm.
Norton Internet Security	browser privacy could suppress information website generally receive visitors browser operating system used.feature could block advertisements.privacy control could warn users sending confidential information.could configured block transmission.allowed users specify information could sent via im email.itemspecific exceptions allow users control data could sent.
Norton Internet Security	however pc pro found flaw information filtering feature.format information list confidential information could limit effectiveness.example entering last six digits credit card number stop numbers leaking grouped four digits.pc magazine noted fact anyone could login computer could view database private information.reason symantec recommends entering last portion sensitive information.norton antispam scanned emails spoofed urls deals offending email spam.
Norton Internet Security	emails could blocked based language however default filter allowed languages.antispam could sync list allowed senders pop address books.users could train spam filter pointing valid email marked spam vice versa.support yahoo mail hotmail added ..x norton internet security debuted september .
Norton Internet Security	new main interface norton protection center aggregates information central location.security status shown secure computer tasks email internet browsing context features enabled.protection center could recognize thirdparty software protecting computer.new interface advertises additional products symantec categories protection data protection read coverage user purchases installs norton systemworks.additional system tray icon created protection center.the installation noted lengthy pc magazine especially malwareinfected systems.
Norton Internet Security	spyware detection tweaked since last release.updated better identify keyloggers.pc magazine testing norton successfully detected spyware threats removed two.pc magazine give norton credit even manual removal required.suite removed three four commercial keyloggers.
Norton Internet Security	attempting install spyware clean system norton blocked two four commercial keyloggers.cases block installation however norton call scan spyware installed.pc pro testing norton detected percent spyware removed percent blocked percent installing.norton antispam discontinued separate product symantec available norton internet security.feature could block email unknown senders automatically blocks messages suspicious elements invisible text html forms phishing urls.improve accuracy norton analyzes outgoing emails messages whose categorization corrected users hitting spam spam buttons.
Norton Internet Security	pc magazine testing feature marked one ten valid email spam let one every six spam messages inbox.messages used program allowed process messages week.pc pro testing feature performed better blocking percent spam false positive rate .percent.norton recommends disabling windows firewall avoid redundant alerts.firewall stealthed significant ports pc magazine testing.
Norton Internet Security	attacking firewall unsuccessful pc magazine unable stop service terminate process disable firewall using simulated mouse clicks.firewall passed pc pros tests successfully stealthing ports.other features included bloodhound technology looks viruslike behavior better find zero day viruses.security inspector looks common vulnerabilities including insecure user account passwords browser insecurities.advertisement blocking rewrites websites html prevent advertisements displayed.parental controls optional component could block certain programs accessing internet im clients restrict newsgroup access.
Norton Internet Security	restrictions could assigned different windows users accounts.sites classified categories four profiles could assigned block different categories sites.supervisors define exceptions add global blocked sites block access sites usercreated whitelist.pc magazine pc pro noted exclusion timebased restrictions.information filtering could controlled peruser basis.windows compatibility dropped release.
Norton Internet Security	.x version announced september .tabbed interface allowed users access norton protection center program settings without separate tray icons windows open.symantec revised norton internet security made version modularized reduced suites memory usage – megabytes scan times – percent.another result spam filtering parental controls became separate components.installed features consumed mb disk space.antiphishing integrated internet explorer.
Norton Internet Security	analyzes sites examining websites url title form page layout visible text links uses blacklist detect phishing sites.users blocked access suspected phishing sites however presented option continue.pc magazine testing feature blocked phishing sites internet explorer recognized sites.pc pro testing feature successfully blocked access every phishing site tested against.spam filtering longer included language feature symantec claimed less useful current spam created false positives.
Norton Internet Security	tested messages pc magazine norton let half spam inbox.five percent valid mail marked spam.version utilized symantecs veritas vxms technology better identify rootkits.vxms allowed norton find inconsistencies among files within directories files volume level.startup application manager allowed users prevent applications launching login.
Norton Internet Security	release dropped support windows compatible windows vista upon release update.the firewall made decisions lessen chance disruption misinformed decision.applications known safe allowed internet access vice versa malicious applications.unknown ones analyzed blocked exhibited malicious behavior.pc magazine pc pro testing firewall incorrectly block safe applications internet access.malware blocked firewall.

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