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Anguilla	regional scheduled passenger services connect various caribbean islands via local airlines.in december anguilla inaugurated first ever international regular commercial jet service flight mainland u.s. american eagle operating behalf american airlines began nonstop embraer regional jet service anguilla miami aviation watershed moment anguilla airport also currently attempting attract international air carriers.other airlines currently serving airport include tradewind aviation cape air provide scheduled air service san juan puerto rico.several small airlines serve airport well.the airport handle large narrowbody jets boeing airbus growing private jet service flights new private jet terminal built.road aside taxis public transport island.cars drive left.boat regular ferries saint martin anguilla.
Anguilla	minute crossing marigot st. martin blowing point anguilla.ferries commence service am.also charter service blowing point anguilla princess juliana airport make travel easier.way travel common method transport anguilla st. martin.see also bibliography anguillaoutline anguillaindex anguillarelated articlesbattle freedom youtube video compilation references reading baynes t. s. ed.
Anguilla	anguilla encyclopædia britannica vol.th ed.new york charles scribners sons p. –chisholm hugh ed.anguilla encyclopædia britannica vol.th ed.
Anguilla	cambridge university press p. –hakluyt richard second voyage unto florida made written captaine laudonniere fortified inhabited two summers one whole winter principal navigations voyages traffiques discoveries english nation made sea overland remote farthest distant quarters earth time within compasse yeeres vol.ix made florida new mexico certeine voyages made discovery gulfe california famous city mexico discourses letters depending upon voyages ninth volume glasgow james maclehose sons.law gwillim chapter xiv.anguilla administrative subdivisions countries comprehensive world reference mcfarland p. isbn martin robert montgomery statistics colonies british empire west indies south america north america asia australasia africa europe comprising area agriculture commerce manufactures shipping custom duties population education religion crime government finances laws military defence cultivated waste lands emigration rates wages prices provisions banks coins staple products stock moveable immoveable property public companies c. colony charters engraved seals.official records colonial office.london william h. allen co. p. .brisk william j. .
Anguilla	dilemma ministate anguilla.university south carolina press.isbn x.harris david r. plants animals man outer leeward islands west indies.ecological study antigua barbuda anguilla.kobbé montague .night rambler.
Anguilla	new york akashic books.isbn .kobbé montague .way back.new york akashic books.isbn .marten neil .
Anguilla	reason study anguillan operations presented parliament.london conservative political centre.isbn .westlake donald .english heaven.new york simon schuster.
Nepotism	isbn .external links government government anguilla—official government website general information anguilla.world factbook.central intelligence agency.anguilla ucb libraries govpubs wikimedia atlas anguillaterm originated assignment nephews important positions catholic popes bishops.nepotism criticized since ancient times several philosophers including aristotle valluvar confucius condemning evil unwise.origins term comes italian word nepotismo based latin root nepos meaning nephew.since middle ages late th century catholic popes bishops – taken vows chastity therefore usually legitimate offspring – gave nephews positions preference often accorded fathers sons.several popes elevated nephews relatives cardinalate.often appointments means continuing papal dynasty.instance pope callixtus iii head borgia family made two nephews cardinals one rodrigo later used position cardinal stepping stone papacy becoming pope alexander vi.
Nepotism	alexander elevated alessandro farnese mistresss brother cardinal farnese would later go become pope paul iii.paul iii also engaged nepotism appointing instance two nephews aged cardinals.practice finally limited pope innocent xii issued bull romanum decet pontificem .papal bull prohibited popes times bestowing estates offices revenues relative exception one qualified relative could made cardinal.mention ancient literature second book kural literature forms manual governments corporations valluvar suggests nepotism favouritism thus choose unfit person job love like lead endless follies.according nepotism evil unwise.
Nepotism	types political nepotism common accusation politics relative powerful figure ascends similar power seemingly without appropriate qualifications.british english expression bobs uncle thought originated robert arthur talbot gascoynececil rd marquess salisbury promoted nephew arthur balfour esteemed post chief secretary ireland widely seen act nepotism.organizational nepotism also occur within organizations person employed due familial ties.generally seen unethical part employer employee.employment nepotism work mean increased opportunity job attaining job paid similarly situated people.
Nepotism	arguments made employment granted due family connection common small family run businesses.one hand nepotism provide stability continuity.critics cite studies demonstrate decreased morale commitment nonrelated employees generally negative attitude towards superior positions filled nepotism.article forbes magazine stated ladder climb top rung reserved people certain name.businesses forbid nepotism ethical matter considering troublesome disruptive.
Nepotism	entertainment outside national politics accusations nepotism made instances prima facie favoritism relatives cases aspeaches geldofs role magazine editor mtv reality show – produced company owned father bob geldof.the hiring hasan piker intern uncle cenk uygur digital media show called young turks hasan graduated rutgers university .tori spellings breakout role beverly hills result father aaron spellings involvement show.hollywoods coppola family includes many distinguished filmmakers actors.careers sofia coppola nicolas cage jason schwartzman attributed aid director francis ford coppola cast daughter sofia godfather part iii.cage changed last name distance charges.selected examples country argentina argentina nepotism common practice.although various attempts reducing difficult country state jobs used gratitude token party favoritism.former president mauricio macri investigated nepotism allegedly extending tax amnesty family.the kirchnerist party openly stated beliefs nepotism treating meritocracy pejorative concept.
Nepotism	governments ministries secretariats plagued friends family militants current party leaders many criticized incapable jobs.evident cristina kirchners presidencies – alberto fernández presidency –present.australia anna bligh queensland state election accused nepotism giving husband greg withers position office climate change head.shortly appointment anglican archbishop sydney peter jensen accused australian broadcasting corporation interview nepotism nominating brother phillip jensen dean sydney appointing wife christine jensen official position sydney diocese.azerbaijan february president azerbaijan ilham aliyev appointed wife mehriban aliyeva vice president azerbaijan.belgium past decade criticism growing creation political dynasties belgium traditional political parties involved.
Nepotism	phenomenon explained fact prominent party members control ranking candidates party lists elections candidates place list determines whether elected.another justification phenomenon importance name recognition collecting votes.claims nepotism made bruno tobback son senator former minister louis tobback member flemish socialists became belgian federal governments minister pensions environment .alexander de croo son former speaker belgian parliament herman de croo ran leadership fathers party open vld age .finally example maya detiège daughter former mayor city antwerp leona detiège daughter former mayor antwerp frans detiège.among examples former minister freya vandenbossche senator jean jacques de gucht daughter son respectively former minister luc vandenbossche former minister karel de gucht.cambodia prime minister hun sen senior members parliament known hand getting family members government positions.
Nepotism	cambodian parliamentary elections least eight candidates sons highranking cambodian peoples party officials.ruling party sons lost eventually appointed highranking government positions.china past years nepotism common chinas clan extended family based culture.confucius wrote importance balancing filial piety merit.clanbased feudal system collapsed confucius lifetime yet nepotism continued modern age.
Nepotism	france october jean sarkozy second son president french republic nicolas sarkozy poised become director major epad authority despite lacking higher education degree professional experience.voted regional councillor neuillysurseine town father previously mayor.in september rapproducer pierre sarkozy first son thenpresident nicolas sarkozy asked scpp financial contribution around € towards € artistic project.scpp member request automatically rejected.pierre sarkozy went élysée led élysée aide contacting scpp scpp president marc guez assuring issue would soon favorably resolved.according abeille music president scpp member yves riesel however would happen scpps financial help restricted members months.
Nepotism	greece greece common practice family members current former party leaders party members get appointed ministers party government.addition three prime ministers papandreou family two mitsotakis family one currently serving two karamanlis family third one currently serving minister transportation.india nepotism india common politics judiciary business film industry religious circles many types organizations.many judges advocates high courts supreme court india alleged appointed exercising casteism nepotism favoritism primarily due supreme court high court appointment process called collegium recommends president legally binding manner names judges appointed promoted higher judiciary.various judicial services exams also infamous practices.
Nepotism	rahul gandhi former president indian national congress party descendant jawaharlal nehru indira gandhi rajiv gandhi sonia gandhi.nepotism indian film industry kapoor family one prolific generational families involved indian cinema known bringing children industry endorsements influence.june fresh debate nepotism followed soon suicide actor sushant singh rajput fans believe reaction efforts bollywood insiders boycott him.filmmaker karan johar rajput worked netflix film drive quickly accused nepotism actress kangana ranaut rajputs fans calling boycott johar studio dharma productions well actor salman khan brothers accused bullying outsiders past.actors actresses alia bhatt varun dhawan janhvi kapoor ishaan khatter ananya pandey athiya shetty tiger shroff arjun kapoor sara ali khan hail film families also widely criticized.
Nepotism	sri lanka former president sri lanka mahinda rajapaksa accused nepotism appointing three brothers run important ministries giving political positions relatives regardless merit.presidency rajapaksa family held ministries finance defence ports aviation highways road development.presidents brother gotabhaya rajapaksa given post defence secretary.also controlled armed forces police coast guard responsible immigration emigration.rajapaksa appointed brother basil rajapaksa minister economic development.
Nepotism	together rajapaksa brothers controlled sri lankas public budget.mahinda rajapaksas eldest brother chamal rajapaksa appointed speaker parliament sri lanka held many posts eldest son namal rajapaksa also member parliament holds undisclosed portfolios.others include nephew shashindra rajapaksa former chief minister uva one cousins former sri lankan ambassador united states jaliya wickramasuriya another cousin udayanga weeratunga former ambassador russia.dozens nephews nieces cousins inlaws also appointed heads banks boards corporations.chandrika kumaratunga served former president sri lanka former prime minister sri lanka daughter s. w. r. d. bandaranaike sirimavo bandaranaike served prime ministers ceylon .brother anura bandaranaike served speaker parliament sri lanka also former president ranasinghe premadasas son sajith premadasa opposition leader sri lanka ran presidential election well.also ranil wickremesinghe served prime minister sri lanka nephew former sri lankan president j. r. jayewardene.also defense state minister government ruwan wijewardene also cousin ranil wickremesinghe.
Nepotism	also ruwan great grandson unp founder sri lankas first prime minister d. s. senanayake.ruwan given high priority party ranil giving leadership roles.indonesia suharto indonesias second president involved nepotism alongside corruption collusion together known corruption collusion nepotism indonesian korupsi kolusi dan nepotisme usually abbreviated kkn.companies belonging suhartos children particularly siti hardiyanti rukmana tutut hutomo mandala putra tommy bambang trihatmodjo given lucrative government contracts protected market competition monopolies.examples include tollexpressway company jasamarga monopolized tutut national car project timor monopolized bambang tommy cinema market monopolized cineplex owned suhartos cousin sudwikatmono.
Nepotism	family said control km real estate indonesia including prime office space jakarta nearly land east timor.additionally suhartos family members received free shares indonesias lucrative domestic companies mostly run suhartos ethnicchinese cronies foreignowned companies encouraged establish strategic partnerships former indonesian presidents family companies.mauritius nepotism common rampant mauritian politics many relatives friends highranking politicians appointed highranking positions associated companies granted government contracts.since first democratic elections field politics mauritius marked handful families controlled four major political parties exist day.often referred modern dynasties mauritian politics duval bérenger curé uteem mohamed boolell ramgoolam jugnauth families.boolell familys involvement politics started satcam boolell paving way son arvin boolell nephews satish boolell anil gayan sanjay bhuckory soninlaw sushil kushiram enter politics.
Nepotism	duval dynasty started exlord mayor minister gaetan duval followed sons xavier richard well grandson adrien.lall jugnauth first clan enter politics followed cousins aneerood ashock well nephew pravind.abdool razack mohamed migrated india became lord mayor minister son yousuf grandson shakeel also elected served ministers.roshi bhadain minister msm government nephew former labour party minister vasant bunwaree.roshi bhadain akilesh deerpalsing bhadains advisor campaign manager also son former minister kishore deerpalsing investigated icac suspicious recruitment practices minister.in march harry ganoo retired brother minister alan ganoo nominated new president du civil service college mauritius months november general elections.until mid construction company pad co. ltd awarded string major contracts constructing new airport control tower new weather radar trou aux cerfs renovating bank mauritius rehabilitating coast line cap malheurueux renovating port louis waterfront upgrading roads constructing harbour cruise terminal port louis mauritius port authority upgrading navigation channels port mathurin pointe la gueule baie aux huîtres rodrigues among projects.
Nepotism	pad co. ltds owner alain hao thyn voon son philippe hao thyn voon president olympic committee close ties msm.following st louis gate scandal discovery fake bank guarantees pad co. ltd went voluntary administration.in june mp eshan juman revealed details contract ministry land housing private firm called smart clinics ltd. firm partly owned msm parliamentary private secretary ismaël rawoo family.contract lease years acres prime beachfront stateowned land grande rivière noire exclusive precinct tamarin black river.part deal rawoos family acquire lease rs .million onsell lease rs million generating profit around rs million.in august v. gobin yearold retired school teacher father attorney general maneesh gobin nominated chairman mahatma gandhi institute rabindranath tagore institute.
Nepotism	maneesh gobin elected parliament within ruling msm government father v. gobin elected .week earlier rishikesh hurdoyal brother msm minister civil service vikram hurdoyal nominated chairman president mauritius shipping corporation ltd addition director state bank mauritius.new nomination allow rishikesh hurdoyal receive extra rs per month well additional rs per month entertainment allowance access chauffeured company car litres fuel per month.nepotism anerood jugnauth may bank mauritius issued rs note featured portrait sarojini jugnauth wife prime minister anerood jugnauth.portrait considered birthday gift anerood wife.
Nepotism	developed major controversy led anerood confirming parliament approved issue new note.apologised population stated would commit mistake future.despite defeat general elections maya hanoomanjee became speaker national assembly sarojini jugnauths niece.mayas daughter naila appointed newly created position ceo state property development company.also appointed ceo landscope mauritius another stateowned corporation.mayas daughter sheila involved controversy revealed company allocated contract supply biscuits various stateowned organisations municipal councils.
Nepotism	tins misleading labels read made uk fact produced local mauritian baker.in december rita venkatasawmy niece sarojini jugnauth nominated ombudsman children despite qualifications judiciary.predecessor vidya narayen retired judge held position .prior judge vidya narayen position held lawyer shirin aumeeruddycziffra.soon retirement satyaved seebaluck prime minister aneerood jugnauth nominated close relative nayen koomar ballah head civil service secretary cabinet.nayen ballah cousin sarojini jugnauth.march ballah decorated title grand order star key indian ocean.in several opposition mps raised questions national assembly business dealings msm minister technology yogida sawmynadens wife wenda.
Nepotism	revealed buyer controversial clinic apollo bramwell pressured use services notary public wenda sawmynaden yogidas wife.private clinic valued rs billion sold rs million.despite conflict interest wenda pocketed fees worth rs million.another instance political pressure applied sit property development ltd host emergency meeting wenda made preferred notary public regarding sale parcels prime real estate within new gated community côted’or.wendas brother harry krishna vydelingum also appointed president mauritius institute training development following failed attempt make part management board mauritius post.
Nepotism	wenda also allocated various contracts various staterun corporations nhdc mauritius house company sicom sugar investment trust sugar industry pension fund board various banks.nepotism navin ramgoolam following electoral defeat labour party exprime minister navin ramgoolam arrested suspicions money laundering conspiracy.police raid house exposed several safes containing brand new bank notes value rs million rupees exclusive credit cards prescription medication tablets.girlfriend nandanee oogarahsoornack accompanied xara escaped mauritius castle italy day proclamation election results estimated rs million rupees.attempts extradite back mauritius failed.
Nepotism	nandanees rapid accumulation wealth help ramgoolam closely examined press investigators revealed collected millions rupees companies set monopolies food outlets sir seewoosagur ramgoolam international airport.after december elections new government instigated criminal proceedings recover acres arpents stateowned land allocated activists allies ramgoolam labour government since .principal recipients various lots crown land ranged labour activists associates corporations land used varying purposes including resorts restaurants houses.one recipient land sandranee ramjoorawons husband rajiv beeharry trusted adviser navin ramgoolam appointed ceo stateowned maubank.labour party treasurer deva virahsawmys company midas acropolis also granted arpents crown land stfélix labour government cancelled development permit previously awarded businessman réunion island.prior december elections ministry held deva virahsawmy approved environment impact assessment land clearing arpents preparation development new hotel.
Nepotism	within harbour precinct state land granted beta cement owned veekram bhunjun relative exminister rajesh jeetah.bhunjun also awarded .arpents petiterivièrenoire via company western marina.in private company called pride bridge limited formed nandanee soornacks father associates.pride bridge ltd soon granted arpents pas géométriques stateowned land poste de flacq mixed development project deposit rs million.however owners wellestablished estate constance la gaité objected proposed project questioning legality six years later soonacks chundunsings company gave arpents navin ramgoolam defeated elections soon nandanee soornack fled italy.ramgoolams sister sunita ramgoolamjoypaul claimed received rs .
Nepotism	million government per diem accompanying thenpms wife overseas.one visits september travelled new york.another costly visit sunita ramgoolamjoypaul travelled france .veena ramgoolam claimed received rs million government accompanying husband overseas.romania romanian communist dictator nicolae ceaușescus family members dominated country decades.
Nepotism	elena băsescu daughter president traian băsescu elected european parliament despite fact significant professional political experience.singapore singapores government target numerous charges nepotism several members prime ministers family holding high posts.lee kuan yew prime minister preceded son lee hsien loong.family members holding high positions include lee hsien yang director national neurological institute lee hsien yang chief executive officer singapore telecommunications .family members dispute charges arise.
Nepotism	spain nepotism occurred spanish colonial america offices given family members.juan antonio samaranch salisachs son juan antonio samaranch president international olympic committee ioc member international olympic committee since daughter maria teresa samaranch salisachs president spanish federation sports ice since .united kingdom marquess salisbury prime minister three separate occasions total approximately years appointed nephew arthur balfour chief secretary ireland later prime minister .supposedly origin phrase bobs uncle.in february sir christopher kelly chairman committee standards public life said mps used parliamentary allowances employ relatives variety office roles.suggested practice banned.in councillor ann reid york arranged nine sets traffic lights daughter hannahs wedding route york switched green fivecar convoy.result wedding party took minutes pass city.north yorkshire polices chief constable grahame maxwell disciplined ipcc refused resign admitting assisted relative first stages recruitment process.many northern irish politicians employ family members.
Nepotism	elected politicians democratic unionist party dup directly employed family members relatives comprising staff.boris johnson current prime minister accused nepotism appointed brother jo johnson house lords previously also appointed cabinet minister state universities science research innovation.jesse norman british conservative party politician serving financial secretary treasury since .personally endorsed retrospective loan charge despite seven confirmed suicides linked charge including one named.normans wife kate bingham appointed chair uks vaccine taskforce—the group set lead uk efforts find manufacture covid vaccine—despite qualified people proposed.united states palm beach county florida schools reinforced nepotism rules ensure equitable work environment.in december report washington post indicated various nepotism practices district columbia northern virginias metropolitan washington airports authority mwaa including one family five members working mwaa.one reasons given associate general counsel defend alleged nepotism employees qualified competed positions don’t see problem relatives working organization.
Nepotism	inspector general u.s. department transportation u.s. congress pressured mwaa resolve practices nepotism.authority employees longer allowed directly indirectly influence hiring promotion relatives documented ethics policy.in philadelphia ers chairman basketball operations jerry colangelo named son bryan colangelo general manager without thorough search position.politics president john adams appointed son john quincy adams first united states minister prussia.around family members relatives president ulysses s. grant prospered financially way either government appointments employment.franklin roosevelt submitted name son elliott roosevelt senate promotion brigadier general.following threats resignation pressure elliott roosevelt made rated pilot world war ii.suitable vacancy could found fathers death last day service vjday.
Nepotism	franklin roosevelt also appointed son james roosevelt administrative assistant president secretary president.james roosevelt white house coordinator federal agencies.time magazine suggested james roosevelt might considered assistant president united states.john f. kennedy made brotherinlaw sargent shriver first director peace corps brother robert f. kennedy attorney general.president richard nixon appointed john eisenhower united states ambassador belgium.richard nixon father eisenhowers daughterinlaw.bill clinton within weeks newly elected governor arkansas appointed wife hillary chair rural health advisory committee.
Nepotism	newly elected president united states appointed wife chair task force national health care reform.bill appointed daughter chelsea member governing board clinton foundation clinton global initiative.in president donald trump accused nepotism appointing soninlaw jared kushner daughter ivanka married kushner advisory roles president.neither jared ivanka take salary advisor official taxpaid government employee position.president trump appointed son eric trumps brotherinlaw kyle yunaska position nasa deputy chief staff.yunaska holds mba bachelor science management physics east carolina university.
Nepotism	yunaska paid government employee.legality current since u.s. court rulings held white house constitute agency purposes adhering existing antinepotism laws books.venezuela nepotism known practiced president venezuela national assembly cilia flores.nine positions national assembly filled flores family members including motherinlaw aunt siblings cousin mother nephews.zimbabwe late robert mugabe reported preparing wife grace mugabe next president zimbabwe president.
Nepotism	vice president joice mujuru previously considered favored successor mugabe.types partiality nepotism refers partiality family whereas cronyism refers partiality associate friend.favoritism broadest terms refers partiality based upon part favored group rather job performance.see also references reading american calendar american quarterly .october –.cardinal giovanni battista de luca nepotism seventeenthcentury catholic church de lucas efforts prohibit practice university north texas digital library.nepotism back new statesman september .
Nepotism	nepotism organizations diwan ishac haidar jamal ibrahim .political connections reduce job creation firmlevel evidence lebanon.journal development studies.–.doi.... scid .
Roy Harper (character)	external links hollywoodnepotism.netbooknotes interview adam bellow praise nepotism natural history august .roy one dcs longstanding characters originating comics speedy teen sidekick superhero green arrow.like mentor green arrow roy worldclass archer athlete uses exceptional marksmanship fight crime.along prominent dc comics superhero sidekicks goes become core member superhero group teen titans.adult roy casts speedy identity establish superhero arsenal later takes name red arrow symbolise comingofage become equal green arrow joins justice league.addition continuing serve occasion one titans roy leading roles superhero groups seven soldiers victory outsiders checkmate justice league outlaws.he subject awardwinning comic book story snowbirds dont fly celebrated gritty depiction roys battle drug addiction story considered key moment comic book history represented emergence mature themes comics.
Roy Harper (character)	comicsalliance ranked harper list sexiest male characters comics.character adapted video games animation several times portrayed live action actor colton haynes arrowverse television series arrow.publication history character first appeared green arrows teenage sidekick speedy name known fifty years fun comics november created mort weisinger george papp.characters modernday version early member teen titans later assumed identity arsenal new titans july became member justice league america guise red arrow kingdom come june justice league america vol.may .
Roy Harper (character)	fictional character biography – origin teen titans addiction fatherhood infant roy raised father roy harper sr. forest ranger.fate birth mother unknown something roy questioned entire life sure whether left died.father died forest fire roy baby rescued man named brave bow navajo medicine chief.brave bow took roy tribe raised son telling birth father saved made roy grow seeing hero.brave bows tutelage roy trained archery becoming remarkable young age champion several events.
Roy Harper (character)	roy began learning superhero green arrow oliver queen started idolizing seeing hero alongside father brave bow.when brave bow learned illness would lead death contacted green arrow asking take roy raise death.posing judge archery contest green arrow impressed roys skills archer prompted test roys character rigging arrows magnets deflected roy proceeded impress green arrow well.brave bows death roy adopted green arrow became sidekick speedy.given name speedy stopped pair robbers faster green arrow could even put costume quicker shooting arrows general.speedy became founding member teen titans along robin kid flash aqualad wonder girl group formed sidekicks could come mentors shadows become own.roy developed crush donna two eventually began dating.as roy spent time teen titans oliver left travel country green lantern hal jordan oliver lost fortune.
Roy Harper (character)	teen titans first break roy found alone.trying find comfort started taking drugs developed heroin addiction awardwinning snowbirds dont fly story.oliver returned learned roys addiction behavior reacted angrily banished roy house.hal found roy street later roy vowed fight end drug addiction.hal took black canary olivers girlfriend helped roy drug withdrawal gave care.
Roy Harper (character)	roy reconciled oliver officially ended partnership going fully solo.when teen titans formed roy rejoined team.created band great frog fellow titan mal duncan.roy also managed titans base operations nightclub gabriels horn band played frequently.after went solo roy started working us drug enforcement administration dea working counselor various antidrug programs well helping taking drug operations drug lords.work dea led joining central bureau intelligence cbi fictional federal agency dc universe worked agent spy.undercover assignment cbi japan roy supposed capture assassin cheshire fell love relationship.
Roy Harper (character)	feelings made turn blind eye let go free.about year later roy met cheshire mission titans found fathered daughter lian.cheshire however allowed roy see once.desperate see lian first birthday roy sought help best friend dick grayson going nightwing.two found lian fought cheshire dick helped find lian give him.cheshire realized much dangerous life assassin decided give roy full custody lian.as sought calmer place learn raise lian roy left cbi briefly moved northern ireland birth ancestors came from.
Roy Harper (character)	despite attempt avoid work superhero found could avoid found middle mystery.moved los angeles took work private detective balancing job speedy raising daughter.time roy also fully reunited oliver time full speaking terms finally prepared forgive accept father.– becoming arsenal leading titans roy decided take spy work reassigned checkmate command sarge steel.checkmate roy expanded skills beyond using bow arrow became weapons expert well mastering moo gi gong martial art using household random item weapon.
Roy Harper (character)	stopped speedy focus work agent harper fulltime.checkmate roy became friends fellow agent martin santos wife erika family helped lian early years.being founding member current reserve member titans roy sent checkmate talk dick titans recently pressure government media due large amount damage caused battle wildebeests titans hunt storyline.roy asked convince dick titans cooperate government also secretly heard titans cooperate congress would work shutting superhero teams tried levy situation much could knew would work out.roy suggested compromise sarge steel would return titans fulltime make sure everything going smooth himself.since speedy time roy decided take new mantle.help technology acquired steve dayton whose mansion titans using hq roy built new gear new costume officially calling arsenal.some time later wedding dick starfire interrupted attack causing death minister damage around.
Roy Harper (character)	caused major uproar government media titans.happened wedding sarge steel turned deal made roy demanding take leadership titans else government shut down.roy refused wanting turn dick knew faith leader man confident would turn around kept receiving pressure steel.situation made worse attorney general announced planning prosecuting titans nonsanctioned superhero teams.heard roy turned donna wally garth rest titans advice do.
Roy Harper (character)	deciding situation bad handled agreed ask dick temporarily resign leadership thing blew especially since agreed needed break pressure hed receiving recently wedding incident.roy along donna garth red star pantha went talk dick it.arguing brief fight dick realized wasnt place lead right agreed hand leadership take leave absence team well realizing best time everything happened recently.roy new superhero identity arsenal took leader titans much dismay.as leader roy faced constant pressure government.eventually help wally garth roy managed turn situation government take away anything titans making operated terms.leader titans roy brought new members team including established satellite base addition earth base.
Roy Harper (character)	dealt government roy led titans several cosmic missions.planned evolve team beyond traditional superhero business wanting expand ways could help.eventually donna disbanded team realized wasnt functioning family like titans should.when checkmate drugged roy unsuccessful tried manipulating killing someone roy severed ties sarge steel going back regular superhero.– titans reunion death oliver queen roy moved metropolis.reunion dick wally garth roy faced villain haze made roy face image ideal self red version green arrow suit.
Roy Harper (character)	honor ollie recent death roy embraced took red green arrow suit fully went back using bow primary weapon.joined new teen titans team acting experienced mentor younger new heroes along fellow first generation titan lilith clay.while metropolis roy lian also sought vandal savage.savage discovered roy daughter lian descendants.thus organs suitable harvest prolong life.roy able save daughter savage.
Roy Harper (character)	roy got band tattoo left bicep honor navajo heritage.shortly roy joined rest original five titans known nightwing arsenal troia flash tempest reforming titans team new generation.resided titans tower daughter lian.roy took mentorship role grant emerson younger hero known damage roy recruited tenure leader.became father figure seeing younger version grant.also time roy found living relative form jim harper clone great uncle.
Roy Harper (character)	– death donna troy reforming outsiders mysterious conglomerate known optitron offered sponsor titans young justice summoning san francisco.decisions could made cybernetic girl future known indigo invaded complex immediately engaged teams combat.half group commission remaining members tried track indigo instead encountered rogue superman android activated.caught surprise lilith neck snapped superman android killing instantly.donna troy tried valiantly defeat superman android released deadly heat beam directly chest killing her.
Roy Harper (character)	roy help tim drake managed reprogram indigo arrived shut superman android leaving arsenal nightwing mourn fallen troia.shaken losses nightwing decided officially end titans want put people loved face danger anymore despite roys protests decision saying honor five started.mourning donnas death roy shaved hair donned new advanced suit got work assembling new team heroes called outsiders time full strangers instead loved ones effort convince dick rethink decision.roy began buying massive secret underground headquarters beneath new york city.roy outfitted shelter stateoftheart equipment began recruiting members new team.dick roy colead new iteration outsiders consisted thunder grace choi shift jade indigo aim try take lead crime take happens.during mission roy shot five times chest leaving commission three months.ready get back despite skills good found hard settle back ptsd fear limitations finding afraid shot might lian hurt worse way.
Roy Harper (character)	help encouragement nightwing roy found believe abilities get back face fears.not long recovery outsiders took case involved childslaver molester named tanner.one tanners informants recognized roy years prior led tanner lian.lians nanny killed girl branded tanners mark.outsiders arrived time save lian children flown new york.roys neardeath experience gunshot wounds saved life faced deathstroke.since outsiders began roy collecting intel batman found actually batman deathstroke posing him.
Roy Harper (character)	deathstroke arsenal fought deathstroke intending kill mercenary discovered bullet scars arsenals chest figured arsenal suffered enough gave pass sign respect history two titans well.time arsenal also kidnapped constantine drakon green arrows nemesis.drakon working riddler slit roys throat would apply constant pressure die.outsiders helped search rescue roy.when indigo corrupted lex luthor exploded killing process almost killing outsiders teen titans dick left team leaving roy assume full leadership team.after return donna troy roy began rethink position outsider.leading effort take secret society roy realized working like much operating shadows wasnt wasnt meant blur line.
Roy Harper (character)	lian told saw night looking sad roy finally made decision leave outsiders accepting wasnt made life cloakanddagger type hero.handed leadership team officially back dick took leave seeking hero light aspiring hero inspiration people lian.– becoming red arrow joining justice league next year roy worked solo part.team dinah lance hal jordan help red tornado roy found fighting amazo alongside several heroes.invited join justice league officially took name red arrow wanting honor family name legacy seeing name final comingofage become hero always meant be.while league roy developed romantic relationship hawkgirl.as red arrow roy found fully settled first time happy fully embracing legacy.
Roy Harper (character)	bought house star city give lian room grew even began giving archery lessons realizing one day would probably want take family legacy herself.roy also part titans reformed again.during fight prometheus roys right arm severed left coma.prometheus unleashed earthquake star city resulted death lian well.roy woke devastated separating everyone grew addiction pain medications falling new drug caused hallucinate ghosts.roy also received new cybernetic arm developed friend cyborg.dealing grief roy joined cheshire deathstrokes new rogue titans team secret plan take deathstroke inside.
Roy Harper (character)	however unbeknownst slade drugging roy control him.drug wore roy came back senses fought deathstroke vowed redeem lians honor redeeming titans name slade diminished deeming something worth fighting well making amends everyone loved.decided start lead new titans team would redeem name joining recently resurrected jericho joey wilson friend fellow titan.during convergence storyline roy living gotham started childrens home shelter lians place.villain dreamslayer offered roy deal would return lian roy betrayed friends donna troy starfire.roy outsmarted managed get lian back without harming anyone revealing weaponized gotham case something like ever happened.
Roy Harper (character)	lian back life roy reunited daughter more.– new part dcs new reboot roys story changed quite bit.instead mother unknown forest ranger along father died forest fire.brave bow renamed big bow.roy raised spokane tribe seattle instead navajo arizona.
Roy Harper (character)	roy also adoptive brother bird.big bow mysteriously killed roy believed accidentally killed roy couldnt deny memories unclear intoxicated.however years later would discover big bow killed corrupt sheriff roy brought justice along oliver queen.roys relationship oliver slightly different.story separation remains much reunion took years happen rather shorter time previous continuity.
Roy Harper (character)	new part outlaws developed romantic relationship starfire.roys addiction also briefly retconned alcohol addiction retconned back heroin addiction.during titans hunt storyline roy along several heroes found part original teen titans memories forgotten due unknown circumstances.discovered memories erased way defeat villain mr. twister defeated present.led team reformed team regaining memories others relationships.roys romance donna troy rekindled time two remembered years spent together.
Roy Harper (character)	– dc rebirth part dc rebirth roy appeared main character titans book rest titans reunited best friend wally west reappeared timeline.lilith encountered anomaly multiverse titans moved manhattan investigate set titans tower once.titans took various villains abra kadabra fearsome five roy led take drug operation new drug known bliss.roy also redeveloped romantic relationship donna troy two admitting shared feelings one another.roy also fully reunited oliver green arrow title two helped protestors roys tribe fight militia known wild dogs.during heroes crisis storyline roy alongside wally west various heroes found deceased superhero rehabilitation facility known sanctuary.later revealed roy accidentally killed wally speed force explosion due sanctuary malfunction.arsenal one many deceased heroes villains resurrected zombie batman black lantern ring dark nights death metal.takes part final battle forces batman laughs killing murderous alternate version wally arrow head.
Roy Harper (character)	tells real wally blame sanctuary disaster two fight side side jokingly referring original aliases kid flash speedy.–present infinite frontier roy restored life reboot multiverse death metal far chosen reveal himself.deciding call green arrow friends discarded cellphone trademark trucker cap bow isolated gas station began hitchhiking highway.although roy believed dead general public superhero community resurrection known department extranormal operations.subject one several reports prepared cameron chase director bones.report establishes aspects roys preflashpoint history restored continuity notably birth apparent death lian harper.
Roy Harper (character)	chase speculates roy handling restored traumatic memories whether asset hindrance deo.at bar new mexico roy deliberately antagonises man named bill fight.roy allows bill repeatedly beat refuses fight back implied attempting suicide.bartender resembles lian steps defend bill threatens her.newly energised desire protect roy easily defeats bill steals motorcycle riding night.it revealed dc festival heroes asian superhero celebration teenage vigilante catwoman supporting character cheshire cat aka shoes lian harper alive apparently suffering amnesia.powers abilities comic books roy harper possesses superhuman attributes extremely adept use bow arrow well wide array weaponry green arrow admitting roy surpassed him.
Roy Harper (character)	also ability take virtually object use combat effective weapon martial art mastered known moo gi gong branch hwa rang do.roys moo gi gong training included mastery different classical weapon classes makes master weapon wielder weapon type including limited knives swords ropes sais blades staffs able turn random object deadly weapon.addition roys natural marksmanship archery training growing gives impeccable aim gives perfect aim long range projectile weapons.harper also skilled handtohand combatant possesses keen analytical detective skills.trained handtohand fighting several characters including black canary nightwing.
Roy Harper (character)	also taught box hal jordan.roy master espionage spy days cbi checkmate.roy also use accupressure means temporarily disabling opponents muscles hitting specific points bodies something comes handy precise aim.roy speaks japanese understands russian.flashpoint loss right arm roy harper received advanced prosthetic built vic stone designed loop around damaged nerve endings restore usual degree handtoeye coordination albeit price constant phantom limb pain.
Roy Harper (character)	pain eliminated second version arm.weapons equipment flashpoint much like nightwing members batfamily roy harpers suit capable emitting electronic pulse.unknown however whether suit capable emitting one pulse like batmans nightwings several.roy carries various weapons many suits including bow several arrows including many utility trick arrows.known carry around crossbow throwing knives staff laser heat sidearms billy clubs boomerang electrified bolas amongst wide array nonlethal weapons.roy also embeds promethium kevlar armor suits saved life least two occasions.
Roy Harper (character)	personal life roy harper navajo heritage tribal band tattoo left bicep represent it.three father figures life biological father roy harper sr. roy sees hero death saving people forest fire adoptive father brave bow took roy raised like son second adoptive father oliver queen green arrow took roy brave bows death made ward sidekick.becoming speedy roy champion athlete notably archery also track field.roy daughter named lian raised single father years.roy natural thrill seeker many connections government metahuman community.several jobs including drummer band running nightclub private detective working agent spy cbi counseling various antidrug programs running shelter lost families.roy also sees black canary mother since took helped get withdrawal also one teachers training hero.
Roy Harper (character)	lost mother always close relationship her.additionally sees hal jordan uncle figure always around roy younger best friend oliver.roy cites hal one taught roy unafraid hal said sees roy could see successor one day.roy also stated sees connor hawke brother two olivers children growing see brothers despite differences turned finding something common fact want honor oliver green arrows legacy.roy also sibling relationship second speedy mia dearden.speedy first quickly changed mind realized meant told wanted take honor use speedy mantle fight addiction change life better growing person hero putting positive output world inspired take recent positive hiv diagnosis.
Roy Harper (character)	roy began taking bit mentor relationship mia handed various array old arrows things used speedy.roy also participates lot volunteer work.addition counseling antidrugs running shelter lost families also regularly volunteers soup kitchens especially around holidays competes various archery charity events superhero identities raise money charities.roys well known relationship throughout history assassin cheshire.falling love mission sent capture became mother child daughter called lian.roy jade relationship rekindled several times throughout years wanting daughter love despite constantly pulled away due different loyalties.roy makes effort keep jade part lians life despite crimes always run.
Roy Harper (character)	feelings jade always made see past crimes hes even considered abandoning everything running away lian.roys first known superhero relationship donna troy teen titans.although shortlived pair rekindled relationship multiple occasions years particularly time reformed titans.formed outsiders fling grace choi although mutually saw friendswithbenefits.time also fling huntress.relationship jla teammate hawkgirl strained hawkgirls relationship hawkman caused roy feel didnt take relationship seriously did.
Roy Harper (character)	versions earthtwo earthtwo version speedy member seven soldiers victory allstar squadron along green arrow.aside origin trained mesa top together history nearly parallels history earthone versions point arrow speedy along teammates thrown various periods time battle nebula man.teammates later retrieved justice society justice league order assist saving earthtwo machinations old foe iron hand.speedy sent island circe past turned centaur controlled circe restored.crisis infinite earths new solitary universe created dawn time universe whose history fused together histories several universes including earthtwo.
Roy Harper (character)	whether ceased exist exists aspect postcrisis earth determined although mentor died final part crisis defending new earth antimonitor.version speedy green arrow wiped existence crisis infinite earths.bizarro world bizarro version arsenal appears one heroes bizarro world.addition sporting robotic left arm opposed right one bizarro arsenal shown wearing quiver filled dead cats uses weapons.flashpoint alternate timeline flashpoint event roy harper member mercenary squad working industrialist oliver queen.
Roy Harper (character)	early story however roy fellow mercenaries killed unshown explosion set vixen group antiqueen activists.explosion actually kills everyone facility save vixen oliver queen remarkably unscathed even though standing right next roy discussing possibility becoming group actual heroes rather mercenaries time explosion went off.smallville roy harper featured smallville season digital comic based tv series shown member outsiders alongside grace choi heroes.titans tomorrow titans tomorrow future roy harper took role green arrow killed battle.hinted rivalry deathstroke developed fiercely years.
Roy Harper (character)	thrillkiller batman thrillkiller elseworlds story set early s. roy harper depicted biker buys drugs order get friendly schoolgirl hayley fitzpatrick aka harley quinn terrifying ordeal drug runners leads alert police helped batman black canary.later shown practicing archery though clear part rehab scheme training vigilantism.convergence convergence event new earth version roy harper shown following events titans series.still struggling lians death devoted helping community make amends time deathstroke.extremists attack city dons arsenal costume helps former teammates teen titans fight villains.
Roy Harper (character)	dreamslayer uses powers pull lian timestream shortly death offers return roy exchange turning titans.using trickery roy pretends betray friends instead scrambles dreamslayers teleportation field.extremists retreat roy stays behind lian finally reunited daughter.teen titans go speedy also made eight appearances comic book series teen titans go based cartoon.first appearance issue cameo.
Roy Harper (character)	made reappearance rest titans east .superdeformed version posed cupid .one two stories issue focuses aqualad.thus far aqualad made appearances tenth issue.appeared issue struck larrys arrows falls love cheshire similar comics.
Roy Harper (character)	issue appeared arsenal alternate reality group called teen tyrants.teen titans go camp speedy regular character teen titans go camp comic book series tiein comic teen titans go cartoon.comic speedy part summer camp several titans members rivalry robin developed two compete various camp competitions.speedys relationship green arrow shown first time continuity speedy writes letter camp green arrow one issues.arrow roy harper appears arrow tiein comic season .. comic roy arsenal goes oliver mission stop drug plane.
Roy Harper (character)	oliver puts autopilot device planes controls kicks enemies one thugs fires roy begins falling plane oliver managed rescue put hospital.recovering felicity kidnapped church blood mercenary group renegades.oliver calls roy help gives kevlarlined suit recovered injury.heading churchs base operations contacted clinton hogue new churchs leader demands oliver exchange felicity oliver accepts despite roys advice to.roy goes lyla michaels help along another backup released prison named helena bertinelli go bludhaven felicity held.
Roy Harper (character)	infiltrating base roy fights cyrus vanch winnick norton taking knocked lyle bolton electrocuting taking hostages knocked helena saves them.roy friends bound mercenaries leave helicopter piloted oliver.however hogue comes helipack attempts kill roy.middle air two knocked plane held roy hogue attached leg.roy kicks hogue falls ground death.
Roy Harper (character)	media television animation first animated appearance roy harper version speedy teen titans segments supermanaquaman hour adventure voiced pat harrington jr. appeared alongside wonder girl kid flash aqualad.speedy also appeared main teen titans animated series voiced mike erwin.real name never given like titans character clearly roy harper.roy described employing veritable arsenal arrows nod future persona.first appears supporting character winner take fighting robin trying convince winning really important.speedy later joined teams sister group titans east.
Roy Harper (character)	depicted series speedy serious businesslike arsenal years comics leading beast boy comment similarities robin.however reappears titans east pt.traditional badboy speedy personality seen refuses apologize buying fish tacos offends aqualad tacos might fish friends.mindcontrolled brother blood titans east pt.saved teen titans.
Roy Harper (character)	speedys bow broken cheshire calling titans overpowered episode titans together speedy somehow regained possession bow freed suspended animation.end episode seen titans standing building battle doctor light.the roy harper version speedy appears justice league unlimited episode patriot act voiced mike erwin.version speedy states hes green arrows expartner green arrow calls exsidekick.slightly older better built design teen titans incarnation.speedys appearance also nod original seven soldiers victory superhero team.
Roy Harper (character)	also featured issue justice league unlimited comic book booster gold protect watchtower doctor polaris.speedy appears batman brave bold voiced jason marsden primarily ryan ochoa young version briefly seen sidekicks assemble.version stereotypical kid sidekick phrases like golly holy insert uncommon phrase.green arrow treats badly times speedy defiantly points despite usually nice personality end sidekicks assemble.first appearing dawn deadman possessed deadman spirit batman order recruit green arrow battle undead army raised gentleman ghost.sidekicks assemble speedy teams fellow sidekicks aqualad robin battle ras al ghul.roy harper major character young justice animated series voiced crispin freeman.
Roy Harper (character)	appearance unique features clone speedy becomes red arrow separate real speedy becomes arsenal.pilot independence day speedy forfeits place green arrows sidekick frustration justice league wont make fullfledged member.takes red arrow alias starts operating solo confronts artemis green arrows new sidekick suspects mole due still respect team.usual suspects red arrow finally gains membership justice league realize mole along hes fact cadmus clone controlled programming hypnosis.season red arrow spent past years obsessively searching real roy harper detriment health friendship allies also married cheshire daughter lian nguyenharper.
Roy Harper (character)	red arrow cheshire eventually find original speedy cryogenically frozen temple tibet missing one arm reference red arrow losing arm cry justice.real speedy eventually wakes blames green arrow failure thanking red arrow finding despite clone forced replace him.initially seeking revenge lex luthor mutilating right arm use cloning luthor instead gives new bionic arm roy adopts arsenal alias.arsenal eventually joins team highly capable yet also brash reckless disobedient.arsenal temporarily fired team join rest reach abducted superpowered teens static longshadow el dorado sam learn team player also saving falling luthors lies.
Roy Harper (character)	end second season arsenal operating solo red arrow retired focus father.young justice outsiders clone roy goes grown beard created security company called bowhunter securities support family.nightwing calls help roy jim harper another clone roy help freeing metahumans harper shown unique personality fight well together.even seem regard family.prize audio play arsenal rejoined team.the roy harper version speedy appears teen titans go animated sitcom voiced scott menville.
Roy Harper (character)	episode date speedy robin get fight date starfire.although robin defeats speedy feels guilty actions tells starfire truth hits towards wall.speedy makes cameo appearance starliar giving creeped expression reaction music raven began playing titans east annual dance party.episode real orangins speedy seen computer returned arsenal.live action colton haynes portrays roy harper cw tv series arrow characters first liveaction appearance.
Roy Harper (character)	roy first appears episode fifteen season one dodger pickpocket steals thea queens purse.however fall love gets caught start dating though relationship off.oliver queen saves life killer episode salvation gains active interest vigilante wants emulate him.roy recurring character throughout season series regular season two.in season two roy wearing red hood works alongside oliver vigilante.captured brother blood injected deathstrokes mirakuru drug gives superhuman strength healing also turning hostile violent.
Roy Harper (character)	eventually cured oliver sara lance becomes fullfledged member team arrow helps oliver allies fight deathstroke forces season finale.however roys decision continue part team arrow costs relationship thea.in season three roy officially dubbed arsenal villain calls another weapon olivers arsenal.temporarily also referred red arrow olivers extended absence star city.ras al ghul exposes olivers identity roy takes fall mentor allows captured olivers suit making public think arrow along.team arrow helps roy jail star city faking death.
Roy Harper (character)	eventually thea locates roy living alias monument point.encourages live life oliver sacrificed much leaves red costume taking another new life hub city.in season four noah kuttler calculator locates roy threatens expose unless returns star city steals equipment him.team arrow makes kuttler think roy killed rejoins team arsenal helps stop kuttler roy leaves star city again.in season six ricardo diaz captures roy brings back star city attempting force testify oliver green arrow court.refuses eventually saved oliver thea.roy helps oliver thea rest team arrow battle thanatos guild trying locate remaining lazarus pits.
Roy Harper (character)	decides join thea nyssa al ghul mission locate destroy lazarus pits around world leaves star city.meanwhile reputation cleared season finale oliver admits publicly always arrow green arrow.roy returns star city season seven team arrow calls help battling ninth circle.reveals died battling thanatos guild revived thea nyssa lazarus pit resulting occasionally getting uncontrollable fits rage causing leave city end season.season also sees roy storyline flashforwards set depict living exile lian yu contacted olivers nowadult son william.two follow clues left felicity travel star city link canary network order save city galaxy one.in season eight roy returns hub city work mechanic recruited diggle back team learning future aim prevent it.
Roy Harper (character)	realizing cure bloodlust part team roy returns team arrow.team heads lian yu create weapon crisis plane hit eddie fyers rocket causing crash island.roy survives right arm crushed planes engine roy telling diggle connor hawke amputate way could escape time.soon roy receives mechanical arm ray palmers technology thus making able go back hero arsenal.gets engaged thea queen series finale.roy harper referenced second season dc universe hbo max series titans revealed provided donna troy kory anders information help capture shimmer.
Roy Harper (character)	later contacts donna shimmers arrest physically seen heard.roy referenced third season reveals charge a.r.g.u.s.roy harper seen stargirl makes cameo appearance speedy old photograph member seven soldiers victory alongside several others including green arrow.pat dugan reveals part team time jsa existed team went radar even though saved world.film roy harper appears twice dc animated movie universeroy appears speedy teen titans judas contract voiced crispin freeman reprising role young justice.along bumblebee kid flash seen flashback teen titans first met starfire.roy returns justice league dark apokolips war appearing one titans get ready battle darkseid.
Melinda May	however along rest titans many heroes dies battle.ultimate fate unknown movie concludes barry allen running back time fix everything new timeline yet seen.two versions roy harper makes brief appearance teen titans go movies.video games roy harper version red arrow makes cameo appearance green arrows ending injustice gods among us.the arrow version roy harper appears playable character via downloadable content lego batman beyond gotham.injustice two variations arsenal costume unlocked alternate shaders green arrow.roy harper arsenal appears playable character lego dc supervillains voiced crispin freeman.references external links dc database project roy harperthe worlds finest jlu biothe worlds finest tt biocharacter created joss whedon jed whedon maurissa tancharoen first appeared pilot episode agents s.h.i.e.l.d.september continually portrayed mingna wen.fictional character biography new agent s.h.i.e.l.d.melinda may brought recently resurrected s.h.i.e.l.d.agent phil coulsons team pilot field agent investigate superhumans related phenomena.
Melinda May	shown relationship fellow agent grant ward.coulson tells agent skye may mission bahrain singlehandedly took superhuman threat several accomplices saving team s.h.i.e.l.d.agents though young girl killed crossfire.left traumatized experience may withdrew field duty.later trauma shown gradually healing.

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