sentence1 stringlengths 1 133k | sentence2 stringlengths 1 131k |
|---|---|
is the (complex) propagation constant. These equations are fundamental to transmission line theory. They are also wave equations, and have solutions similar to the special case, but which are a mixture of sines and cosines with exponential decay factors. Solving for the propagation constant in terms of the primary para... | twisted (subject to limits) without negative effects, and they can be strapped to conductive supports without inducing unwanted currents in them. In radio-frequency applications up to a few gigahertz, the wave propagates in the transverse electric and magnetic mode (TEM) only, which means that the electric and magnetic... |
it is finite in extent, otherwise unbounded; uniform or homogeneous, if its physical properties are unchanged at different points; isotropic, if its physical properties are the same in different directions. There are two main types of transmission media: guided media—waves are guided along a solid medium such as a tran... | are twisted together for the purposes of improving electromagnetic compatibility. Compared to a single conductor or an untwisted balanced pair, a twisted pair reduces electromagnetic radiation from the pair and crosstalk between neighboring pairs and improves rejection of external electromagnetic interference. It was i... |
and the transmitted rf signal amplitude has increased to 90% of its steady-state value. An Exception: High-frequency (HF) transceiver equipment is normally not designed with an interlock between receiver squelch and transmitter on-off | value. An Exception: High-frequency (HF) transceiver equipment is normally not designed with an interlock between receiver squelch and transmitter on-off key. The transmitter can be keyed |
in military aviation and in air traffic control secondary surveillance radar (beacon radar) systems for general aviation and commercial aviation. Primary radar works best with large all-metal aircraft, but not so well on small, composite aircraft. Its range is also limited by terrain and rain or snow and also detects u... | airspace in many countries. Some countries have also required, or are moving toward requiring, that all aircraft be equipped with Mode S, even in uncontrolled airspace. However, in the field of general aviation there have been objections to these moves, because of the cost, size, limited benefit to the users in uncontr... |
two elements and keeps all others fixed Transposition, producing the transpose of a matrix AT, which is computed by swapping columns for rows in the matrix A Transpose of a linear map Transposition (logic), a rule of replacement in philosophical logic Transpose relation, another name for converse relation Games Transpo... | for rows in the matrix A Transpose of a linear map Transposition (logic), a rule of replacement in philosophical logic Transpose relation, another name for converse relation Games Transposition (chess), different moves or a different move order leading to the same position, especially during the openings Transposition ... |
channels for the check bit or bits. The term usually applies to a single parity bit, although it could also be used to refer to a larger Hamming code. The adjective "transverse" is most often used when it is used in combination with additional error control coding, such as a longitudinal redundancy check. Although pari... | bits. The term usually applies to a single parity bit, although it could also be used to refer to a larger Hamming code. The adjective "transverse" is most often used when it is used in combination with additional error control coding, such as a longitudinal redundancy check. Although parity alone can only detect and n... |
the same level as the parent, although it is sometimes replaced with gender-neutral terms like "ommer". A node's "parent" is a node one step higher in the hierarchy (i.e. closer to the root node) and lying on the same branch. "Sibling" ("brother" or "sister") nodes share the same parent node. A node's "uncles" (sometim... | The tree elements are called "nodes". The lines connecting elements are called "branches". Nodes without children are called leaf nodes, "end-nodes", or "leaves". Every finite tree structure has a member that has no superior. This member is called the "root" or root node. The root is the starting node. But the converse... |
rate, then, when the air parcel rises to a new altitude, the air mass will have a higher temperature and a lower density than the surrounding air and will continue to accelerate and rise. Tropopause The tropopause is the atmospheric boundary layer between the troposphere and the stratosphere, and is located by measurin... | latitudes; and in the high latitudes of the polar regions in winter; thus the average height of the troposphere is . The term troposphere derives from the Greek words tropos (rotating) and sphaira (sphere) indicating that rotational turbulence mixes the layers of air and so determines the structure and the phenomena of... |
that new components appear to arise from reflection in regions of rapidly changing dielectric constant. When these components are distinguishable from the other components, they are called | or its gradient, in the troposphere. In some cases, a ground wave may be so altered that new components appear to arise from reflection in regions of rapidly changing dielectric constant. When these components are |
control Trunk line, a system of shared network access Virtual LAN, which uses a trunk port Entertainment and media Trunk (album), 2013 album by Ulf Lundell The Trunk, a 1961 British film "The Trunk" (The Twilight Zone), a television episode Trunk Records, a record label Other uses Trunk (car), a large storage compartme... | The Trunk, a 1961 British film "The Trunk" (The Twilight Zone), a television episode Trunk Records, a record label Other uses Trunk (car), a large storage compartment Trunk (luggage) Trunk (motorcycle), a |
that are critical to its security, in the sense that bugs or vulnerabilities occurring inside the TCB might jeopardize the security properties of the entire system. By contrast, parts of a computer system outside the TCB must not be able to misbehave in a way that would leak any more privileges than are granted to them... | process: in the course of a Common Criteria security evaluation, one of the first decisions that must be made is the boundary of the audit in terms of the list of system components that will come under scrutiny. A prerequisite to security Systems that don't have a trusted computing base as part of their design do not p... |
usage Turnkey refers to something that is ready for immediate use, generally used in the sale or supply of goods or services. The word is a reference to the fact that the customer, upon receiving the product, just needs to turn the ignition key to make it operational, or that the key just needs to be turned over to the... | of a "turnkey hospital" which would be building a complete medical centre with installed medical equipment. Specific usage The term turnkey is also often used in the technology industry, most commonly to describe pre-built computer "packages" in which everything needed to perform a certain type of task (e.g. audio edit... |
zero is encoded as binary 01100; strictly speaking the 0-1-2-3-6 previously claimed is just a mnemonic device. The weights give a unique encoding for most digits, but allow two encodings for 3: 0+3 or 10010 and 1+2 or 01100. The former is used to encode the digit 3, and the latter is used to represent the otherwise unr... | this code to represent each of the ten decimal digits in a machine word, although they numbered the bit positions 0-1-2-3-4, rather than with weights. Each word also had a sign flag, encoded using a two-out-of-three code, that could be A Alphanumeric, − Minus, or + Plus. When copied to a digit, the three bits were plac... |
resistance, emissions security (EMSEC/TEMPEST), and security of the product manufacturing and distribution process. Type 2 product A Type 2 product is unclassified cryptographic equipment, assemblies, or components, endorsed by the NSA, for use in telecommunications and automated information systems for the protection ... | security of the product manufacturing and distribution process. Type 2 product A Type 2 product is unclassified cryptographic equipment, assemblies, or components, endorsed by the NSA, for use in telecommunications and automated information systems for the protection of national security information, as defined as: Cry... |
analog telephone applications, before it was commercialized by Fairchild and RCA for digital electronics such as computers. MOS technology eventually became practical for telephone applications with the MOS mixed-signal integrated circuit, which combines analog and digital signal processing on a single chip, developed ... | This service was later made much less important due to the ability to provide digital services based on the IP protocol. Since the advent of personal computer technology in the 1980s, computer telephony integration (CTI) has progressively provided more sophisticated telephony services, initiated and controlled by the c... |
interfaces, the U interface carries two B (bearer) channels at 64 kbit/s and one D (data) channel at 16 kbit/s for a combined bitrate of 144 kbit/s (2B+D). Duplex transmission While in a four-wire interface such as the ISDN S and T-interfaces one wire pair is available for each direction of transmission, a two-wire int... | a PBX, that may convert the signal to a different format or hand it off as S/T to terminal equipment. In America, the NT1 is customer premises equipment (CPE) which is purchased and maintained by the user, which makes the U interface a User–network interface (UNI). The American variant is specified by ANSI T1.601. In E... |
and MTBF is the mean time between failures of a repairable system. Alternatively, this can be written as: where λ is the failure rate and μ is the repair rate. When μ >> λ, the preceding formula is often approximated to: Non-Repairable Model For the non-repairable model of unavailability (Q), the unreliability function... | the CDF of the exponential distribution) is used to approximate the worst-case-unavailability. If the rate of failure is constant the Poisson distribution and exponential distribution describe this rate. The unreliability function approximating the worst case unavailability is as follows: Q = 1 - eλt Where t is the tim... |
internal DC-AC inverter circuitry, which is powered from an internal storage battery. The UPS then mechanically switches the connected equipment on to its DC-AC inverter output. The switch-over time can be as long as 25 milliseconds depending on the amount of time it takes the standby UPS to detect the lost utility vol... | current path from the normal charging mode to supplying current when power is lost. In a standby ("off-line") system the load is powered directly by the input power and the backup power circuitry is only invoked when the utility power fails. Most UPS below one kilovolt-ampere (1 kVA) are of the line-interactive or stan... |
the International Astronomical Union as a more precise term than Greenwich Mean Time, because GMT could refer to either an astronomical day starting at noon or a civil day starting at midnight. In some countries, the term Greenwich Mean Time persists in common usage to this day in reference to civil timekeeping. Measur... | Time (TDB), a form of atomic time, is now used in the construction of the ephemerides of the planets and other solar system objects, for two main reasons. First, these ephemerides are tied to optical and radar observations of planetary motion, and the TDB time scale is fitted so that Newton's laws of motion, with corre... |
of the factory to create the concrete objects that are part of the theme. The client does not know (or care) which concrete objects it gets from each of these internal factories, since it uses only the generic interfaces of their products. This pattern separates the details of implementation of a set of objects from th... | object-oriented software, that is, objects that are easier to implement, change, test, and reuse. The Abstract Factory design pattern solves problems like: How can an application be independent of how its objects are created? How can a class be independent of how the objects it requires are created? How can families of... |
from the central CE is received by all of the peripheral CEs while any transmission of data that originates from any of the peripheral CEs is only received by the central CE. Private and public Links are often referred to by terms that refer to the ownership or accessibility of the link. A private link is a link that i... | and retransmitting the message. Point-to-multipoint A point-to-multipoint link (or simply a multipoint) is a specific type of multipoint link which consists of a central connection endpoint (CE) that is connected to multiple peripheral CEs. Any transmission of data that originates from the central CE is received by all... |
determining whether the outputs of a statistical model are acceptable Validation (drug manufacture), documenting that a process or system meets its predetermined specifications and quality attributes Validation (gang membership), a formal process for designating a criminal as a member of a gang Validation of foreign st... | whether the outputs of a regression model are adequate Social validation, compliance in a social activity to fit in and be part of the majority Statistical model validation, determining whether the outputs of a statistical model are acceptable Validation (drug manufacture), documenting that a process or system meets it... |
buffer is a buffer into which data may be entered at one rate and removed at another rate without changing the data sequence. Most first-in first-out (FIFO) storage devices are | rate may be variable while the output rate is constant or the output rate may be variable while the input rate is constant. Various clocking and control systems are used to allow control of underflow or overflow conditions. See also |
piece of electrical equipment that performs videoconferencing functions, such as the coding and decoding of audio and video signals and | piece of electrical equipment that performs videoconferencing functions, such as the coding and decoding of audio and video signals and multiplexing of video, audio, data, and control signals, and that |
View (Buddhism), a charged interpretation of experience which intensely shapes and affects thought, sensation, and action Graphical projection in a technical drawing or schematic Multiview orthographic projection, standardizing 2D images to represent a 3D object Opinion, a belief about subjective matters Page view, a v... | ability to see or be seen from a particular place. View, views or Views may also refer to: Common meanings View (Buddhism), a charged interpretation of experience which intensely shapes and affects thought, sensation, and action Graphical projection in a technical drawing or schematic Multiview orthographic projection,... |
information retrieval service in which a subscriber can access a remote database via a common carrier channel, request data and receive requested data on a video display over a separate channel. Samuel Fedida, who had the idea for Viewdata in 1968, was credited as inventor of the system which was developed while workin... | British Post Office which was the operator of the national telephone system. The first prototype became operational in 1974. The access, request and reception are usually via common carrier broadcast channels. This is in contrast with teletext. Technology Viewdata offered a display of 40×24 characters, based on ISO 646... |
Protocol data units. Many virtual circuit protocols, but not all, provide reliable communication service through the use of data retransmissions invoked by error detection and automatic repeat request (ARQ). An alternate network configuration to virtual circuit is datagram. Comparison with circuit switching Virtual cir... | network resources by means of statistical multiplexing, etc. Virtual call capability In telecommunication, a virtual call capability, sometimes called a virtual call facility, is a service feature in which: a call set-up procedure and a call disengagement procedure determine the period of communication between two DTEs... |
used on the Internet. See also Pseudo terminal for the software interface that provides access to virtual terminals Secure Shell Telnet Terminal emulator for an application program that provides access to virtual terminals Virtual console for an analogous concept that provides several local consoles Sources Computer | host terminals on a multi-user network to interact with other hosts regardless of terminal type and characteristics, Allows remote log-on by local area network managers for the purpose of management, Allows users to access information from another host processor for transaction processing, Serves as a backup facility. ... |
guard bands, allowing a sampling rate of 8 kHz to be used as the basis of the pulse-code modulation system used for the digital PSTN. Per the Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem, the sampling frequency (8 kHz) must be at least twice the highest component of the voice frequency via appropriate filtering prior to sampling a... | 300 and 3000 Hz is also referred to as voice frequency, being the electromagnetic energy that represents acoustic energy at baseband. The bandwidth allocated for a single voice-frequency transmission channel is usually 4 kHz, including guard bands, allowing a sampling rate of 8 kHz to be used as the basis of the pulse-... |
patching, monitoring, and testing for all VF circuits. Signals will have various levels and signaling schemes depending on | patching facility that provides the first appearance of local-user VF circuits in the technical control facility (TCF). |
speaker and a microphone will often use VOX on the main console to switch the audio direction during a conversation. The circuit usually includes a delay between the sound stopping and switching direction, to avoid the circuit turning off during short pauses in speech. A special case exists, if there is enough energy t... | but finite activation times that may clip the beginnings of phrases. Some modern VOX circuits eliminate this problem by recording or transmitting a delayed version of the input signal. An older way of overcoming this, used by pilots, and astronauts, as some of the first users of VOX, was to habitually preface every tra... |
wafer size A unit of wafer fabrication step, such as an etch step, can produce more chips proportional to the increase in wafer area, while the cost of the unit fabrication step goes up more slowly than the wafer area. This was the cost basis for increasing wafer size. Conversion to 300 mm wafers from 200 mm wafers beg... | are separated by wafer dicing and packaged as an integrated circuit. History In the semiconductor or silicon wafer industry, the term wafer appeared in the 1950s to describe a thin round slice of semiconductor material, typically germanium or silicon. Round shape comes from single-crystal ingots usually produced using ... |
standard nor its OSI framework (adopting instead TCP/IP) but created a unique protocol inspired by Z39.50:1988. History The WAIS protocol and servers were promoted by Thinking Machines Corporation (TMC) of Cambridge, Massachusetts. TMC-produced WAIS servers ran on their massively parallel CM-2 (Connection Machine) and ... | (). Directory of Servers Thinking Machines Corp provided a service called the Directory of Servers. It was a WAIS server like any other information source except containing information about the other WAIS servers on the Internet. A WAIS server with TMC WAIS code creates a special record containing metadata plus some c... |
with the specimen (as in a medical ultrasonography), in which case the waveguide ensures that the power of the testing wave is conserved, or the specimen may be put inside the waveguide (as in a dielectric constant measurement), so that smaller objects can be tested and the accuracy is better. Transmission lines are a ... | R. Carson and Sallie P. Mead. This work led to the discovery that for the TE01 mode in circular waveguide losses go down with frequency and at one time this was a serious contender for the format for long-distance telecommunications. The importance of radar in World War II gave a great impetus to waveguide research, at... |
impedance of an electromagnetic wave is the ratio of the transverse components of the electric and magnetic fields (the transverse components being those at right angles to the direction of propagation). For a transverse-electric-magnetic (TEM) plane wave traveling through a homogeneous medium, the wave impedance is ev... | constant in free space). Now, since (by the SI definition of the metre), . Hence the value essentially depends on . Until May 20th, 2019, , hence . The currently accepted value of is . In an unbounded dielectric In an isotropic, homogeneous dielectric with negligible magnetic properties, i.e. H/m and F/m. So, the value... |
1980s due to intelligent network capability and technological improvement in the +1800 service. A toll-free number may now terminate at a T-carrier line, at any standard local telephone number or at one of multiple destinations based on time of day, call origin, cost or other factors. Outbound WATS For Outbound WATS, t... | fixed rate. The introduction of InWATS fortuitously fell around the same time as the early centralized, automated national airline and hotel reservation systems, including Sabre (American Airlines, 1963), Holidex (Holiday Inn, 1965) and Reservatron (Sheraton, 1969). Hundreds of local reservation numbers for a major cha... |
and faithfully transmitted through, a voice channel with a nominal 4 kHz bandwidth. A modem whose bandwidth capability is greater than that of a narrowband modem. References | the following meanings: A modem whose modulated output signal can have an essential frequency spectrum that is broader than that |
upper-case alphanumeric characters. Whether the wildcard character represents a single character or a string of characters must be specified. Computing In computer (software) technology, a wildcard is a symbol used to replace or represent one or more characters. Algorithms for matching wildcards have been developed in ... | letter. In Unix shells, a leading exclamation mark negates the set and matches only a character not within the list. In shells that interpret as a history substitution, a leading caret can be used instead. The operation of matching of wildcard patterns to multiple file or path names is referred to as globbing. Database... |
trunk, and with indicator lamps on a key telephone. In telephone switching systems, wink pulsing is recurring pulsing in which the off-condition is relatively short compared to the on-condition. In Wink start trunks, the exchange at the originating end sends an off-hook | the off-condition is relatively short compared to the on-condition. In Wink start trunks, the exchange at the originating end sends an off-hook to alert to a call. The terminating end indicates readiness to receive the dialed telephone number by sending an off-hook of approximately half a second duration, or "wink". Up... |
provides an "alerting" function for call completion to a wireless terminal, monitors wireless link performance to determine when an automatic link transfer is required, and coordinates link transfers between wireless access interfaces. One use of this is wireless push technology, by pushing data | terminal network connections. Wireless mobility management provides an "alerting" function for call completion to a wireless terminal, monitors wireless link performance to determine when an automatic link |
or work station may refer to: A computer or device, such as computer workstation, a high-performance desktop computer (e.g., one with error-correcting memory), as may be designed for scientific | for one employee); for example, a cubicle or a piece of furniture such as a |
the effective recorded spot dimension measured in the direction of the recorded line. The effective recorded spot dimension" is the largest center-to-center spacing between recorded spots, which gives minimum peak-to-peak variation of | spot dimension" is the largest center-to-center spacing between recorded spots, which gives minimum peak-to-peak variation of density of the recorded line. X-dimension of |
type of refractive index change versus wavelength due to different geometry is called waveguide dispersion. As these narrow waveguides (~1-3 μm core diameter) are combined with ultrashort pulses at the zero-dispersion wavelength pulses are not instantly destroyed by dispersion. After reaching a certain peak power withi... | at the zero-dispersion wavelength pulses are not instantly destroyed by dispersion. After reaching a certain peak power within the pulse the non-linear refractive index starts to play an important role leading to frequency generation processes like self-phase modulation (SPM), modulational instability, soliton generati... |
easy to keep conductors that carry related electrical or optical signals together and helps avoid tangling of cables. Typical uses include lamp cord and speaker wire. Conductors may be identified by a color tracer on the insulation, or by | also used with optical fiber cables consisting of two optical fibers joined in a similar manner. The design of zip-cord makes it easy to keep conductors that carry related electrical or optical signals together and helps avoid tangling of cables. Typical uses include lamp cord and speaker wire. Conductors may be identi... |
no keener than that of a non-absolute ("normal") listener. Absolute pitch does not depend upon a refined ability to perceive and discriminate gradations of sound frequencies, but upon detecting and categorizing a subjective perceptual quality typically referred to as "chroma". The two tasks— of identification (recogniz... | to recognizing colors, phonemes (speech sounds), or other categorical perception of sensory stimuli. For example, most people have learned to recognize and name the color blue by the range of frequencies of the electromagnetic radiation that are perceived as light, those who have been exposed to musical notes together ... |
awards banquet, she thanks Margo, Bill, Lloyd and Karen while all four stare back at her coldly. Eve skips a party in her own honor and returns home, where she encounters Phoebe (Barbara Bates), a teenage fan who has slipped into her apartment and fallen asleep. Phoebe professes her adoration and tries to insinuate her... | About Eve originated in an anecdote related to Mary Orr by actress Elisabeth Bergner. While performing in The Two Mrs. Carrolls during 1943 and 1944, Bergner allowed a young fan to become part of her household and employed her as an assistant, but later regretted her generosity when the woman attempted to undermine her... |
of Digital Interface Circuits (can interoperate with RS-422 and RS-423, but not identical) 115 - Interoperability And Performance Standards For Communications Timing And Synchronization Subsystems 116 - Interoperability Standards For Information And Record Traffic Exchange Mode 120 - Military Communication System Stand... | common standards for tactical and long-haul communications, a MIL-STD-188-200 series covering standards for tactical communications only, and a MIL-STD-188-300 series covering standards for long-haul communications only." The MIL-STD-188 series standards are encompassed by the DoD’s Joint Technical Architecture. Deviat... |
This makes up the longest river wholly in Germany. The Weser itself is long. The Werra rises in Thuringia, the German State south of the main projection (tongue) of Lower Saxony. Etymology The Weser and the Werra were the same words in different dialects. The difference reflects the old linguistic border between Centra... | 15.6, right: Oder, 56 km, 385 km2, headwater of the strongest waterway of Aller system II: km 97.3, right: Örtze, 62 / 70 km, 760 km2 II: km 140.7, left: Oker, 218 km, 1822 km2, stronger than river Aller above km 184.6, right: Steinhuder Meerbach ↑ km II: 29 lake Steinhuder Meer km 188.7, left: Große Aue, 84.5 km, 1,52... |
His mother was Sophie Elise Klein (1819–1890, née Kayser). He attended the Gymnasium in Düsseldorf, then studied mathematics and physics at the University of Bonn, 1865–1866, intending to become a physicist. At that time, Julius Plücker had Bonn's professorship of mathematics and experimental physics, but by the time K... | Klein was appointed to a chair of geometry at Leipzig. There his colleagues included Walther von Dyck, Rohn, Eduard Study and Friedrich Engel. Klein's years at Leipzig, 1880 to 1886, fundamentally changed his life. In 1882, his health collapsed; in 1883–1884, he was afflicted with depression. Nevertheless, his research... |
An important elaboration of the concept of a group occurs if G is endowed with additional structure, notably, of a topological space, differentiable manifold, or algebraic variety. If the group operations m (multiplication) and i (inversion), are compatible with this structure, that is, they are continuous, smooth or r... | given by the length of the minimal path between the elements. A theorem of Milnor and Svarc then says that given a group G acting in a reasonable manner on a metric space X, for example a compact manifold, then G is quasi-isometric (i.e. looks similar from a distance) to the space X. Connection of groups and symmetry G... |
bound, due to nuclear pairing effects. Yet another effect of the instability of an odd number of either type of nucleons is that odd-numbered elements tend to have fewer stable isotopes. Of the 26 monoisotopic elements (those with only a single stable isotope), all but one have an odd atomic number, and all but one has... | radionuclides) do not spontaneously undergo radioactive decay. When such nuclides are referred to in relation to specific elements, they are usually termed stable isotopes. The 80 elements with one or more stable isotopes comprise a total of 252 nuclides that have not been known to decay using current equipment (see li... |
2014 Terminal (Salyu album), 2007 "Terminal" (Ayumi Hamasaki song), 2014 "Terminal" (Rupert Holmes song), 1974 "Terminals", a song by Relient K featuring Adam Young Literature Terminal (Cook novel), by Robin Cook Terminal (Tunnels novel), a 2013 novel in the Tunnels series Terminal, a novel by Colin Forbes The Terminal... | Terminal and nonterminal symbols, lexical elements used in specifying the production rules constituting a formal grammar in computer science. Fonts Terminal (typeface), a monospace font Terminal (typography), a type of stroke ending Transportation Airport terminal, a building where passengers embark and disembark aircr... |
telephone network Companies TeleType Co., an American GPS software company Teletype Corporation, a subsidiary of the Western Electric Company, purchased by the American Telephone and Telegraph Company in 1930 | 1963 model of teleprinter Telecommunications device for the deaf or TDD, a teleprinter specifically designed for text communication over the public switched telephone network Companies TeleType Co., an American GPS software company Teletype Corporation, a subsidiary of |
(racewalker) (born 1971), New Zealand racewalker Craig Barrett (chief executive) (born 1939), American | 1971), New Zealand racewalker Craig Barrett (chief executive) (born 1939), American business |
as party chairman, achieving a result of 98.44 per cent. Strauß took the discord as a starting point to evaluate chances of expanding the CSU on the federal level, such as having separate electoral lists in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia, Lower Saxony, Hamburg, and Bremen. He hoped to draw away right-wing voters ... | treaty was a disappointment for the German Heimatvertriebene ("displaced persons"). After reunification, 1990–1998 Reunification placed Kohl in a momentarily unassailable position. In the 1990 elections – the first free, fair and democratic all-German elections since the Weimar Republic era – Kohl won by a landslide ov... |
advisers that war guilt could not continue to affect Germany's foreign relations. Schmidt was the first world leader to call upon newly elected French president François Mitterrand, who visited Bonn in July 1981. The two found themselves in "complete agreement" on foreign policy matters and relations with the United St... | science in 1949. Military service Schmidt had planned to study without interruption. Therefore, he volunteered at age 18 for military service in 1937. He began serving with an anti-aircraft battery of Luftwaffe at Vegesack near Bremen. In World War II, after brief service on the Eastern Front during the invasion of the... |
in Fürth at the age of six in 1903 and performed poorly. In 1907, he entered Fürth's Royal Bavarian Vocational High School, where his grades were average. He received his secondary school certificate in 1913. He was a commercial apprentice at the Georg Eisenbach textile company in Nuremberg from 1913 to 1916. After his... | he became deputy director of the institute. During World War II he worked on concepts for a postwar peace; however, officially such studies were forbidden by the Nazis, who had declared 'total war'. As a result, Erhard lost his job in 1942, but continued to work on the subject by order of the Reichsgruppe Industrie. He... |
recording and retention of information Energy storage Specific storage, of groundwater in an aquifer Arts and entertainment Storage (film), a 2009 Australian horror film The Storage, a 2011 Finnish film Storage (album), a 1988 album by Merzbow | and retention of information Energy storage Specific storage, of groundwater in an aquifer Arts and entertainment Storage (film), a 2009 Australian horror film The Storage, a 2011 Finnish film Storage (album), a 1988 album by Merzbow Storage Wars, a reality television show |
and won the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival. That same year, Pacino was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor after starring in Serpico, based on the true story of New York City policeman Frank Serpico, who went undercover to expose the corruption of fellow officers. In 1974, Pacino reprised his role as ... | Training of Pavlo Hummel. Pacino made his filmmaking debut with Looking for Richard (1996), directing and starring in this documentary about Richard III; Pacino had played the lead role on stage in 1977. He has also acted as Shylock in a 2004 feature film adaptation and 2010 stage production of The Merchant of Venice. ... |
the Moon and meeting Moon Maid, the daughter of the leader of a race of humanoid people living in "Moon Valley" in 1964. After an eventual sharing of technological information, Moon technology became standard issue on Tracy's police force, including air cars, flying cylindrical vehicles. The villains became even more e... | eliminating the last remnants of the Space Period. Honeymoon received a new hairstyle that covered her antennae and she was ultimately phased out of the strip. Junior later married Sparkle Plenty (the daughter of B.O. and 'Gravel' Gertie Plenty), and they had a daughter named Sparkle Plenty Jr. Sparkle had been divorce... |
page, might yield a KWIC index as follows. A KWIC index usually uses a wide layout to allow the display of maximum 'in context' information (not shown in the following example). A KWIC index is a special case of a permuted index. This term refers to the fact that it indexes all cyclic permutations of the headings. Book... | KWIC index unless you pay to view the paper. The second reference does not even list the paper at all. David L. Parnas uses a KWIC Index as an example on how to perform modular design in his paper On the Criteria To Be Used in Decomposing Systems into Modules, available as an ACM Classic Paper Christopher D. Manning an... |
end of the maturity period together with the accrued interest. In Germany, the accrued interest is compounded. In contrast to zero-coupon | face value and repaid at the end of the maturity period together with the accrued interest. In Germany, the accrued |
Aftermarket (automotive), the addition of non-factory parts, accessories and upgrades to a motor vehicle also to include removal of parts after vehicle is placed on market Aftermarket (finance), or secondary market in financial parlance, | likely to buy a related, follow-on product Aftermarket (automotive), the addition of non-factory parts, accessories and upgrades to a motor vehicle also to include removal of parts after vehicle is placed on |
held by a travel organizer Allotment of the Promised Land by Joshua; see Book of Joshua#Division of the land (chapters 13–22) Sortition or allotment, a method | Native American, under the Dawes Act of 1887 Allotment (finance), a method by which a company allocates over-subscribed shares Allotment (gardening), an area of land rented out for non-commercial |
the Latin word subscribere. Historical Praenumeration An early form of subscription was praenumeration, a common business practice in the 18th-century book trade in Germany. The publisher offered to sell a book that was planned but had not yet been printed, usually at a discount, so as to cover their costs in advance. ... | a template subscription agreement as the basis of this agreement, although bespoke contract drafting by a qualified specialist may be required in more complex cases. Subscription period When a new security is to be issued, investors typically have two weeks to submit their subscription orders. At the end of this subscr... |
likely to be able to swiftly cash out their investments if the need arises. A second important division falls between the stock markets (for equity securities, also known as shares, where investors acquire ownership of companies) and the bond markets (where investors become creditors). Versus money markets The money ma... | Conversely, bonds are safer if the company does poorly, as they are less prone to severe falls in price, and in the event of bankruptcy, bond owners may be paid something, while shareholders will receive nothing. When a company raises finance from the primary market, the process is more likely to involve face-to-face m... |
to investors is called underwriting. Dealers earn a commission that is built into the price of the security offering, though it can be found in the prospectus. IPOs are not the only way new shares are issued. Publicly traded companies can issue new shares in what is called a primary issue of debt or stock, which involv... | that were not previously traded. Primary markets create long term instruments through which corporate entities raise funds from the capital market. It is also known as the New Issue Market (NIM). Concept In a primary market, companies, governments or public sector institutions can raise funds through bond issues and co... |
that are grown, rather than mined such as crops (corn, wheat, soybean, fruit and vegetable), livestock, cocoa, coffee and sugar and Hard commodities is a term generally referred as to commodities that are mined such as gold, gemstones and other metals and generally drilled such as oil and gas. Money markets, which prov... | public sector bodies. In the UK, the total borrowing requirement is often referred to as the Public sector net cash requirement (PSNCR). Governments borrow by issuing bonds. In the UK, the government also borrows from individuals by offering bank accounts and Premium Bonds. Government debt seems to be permanent. Indeed... |
Bond Court Building, the former name of a highrise in Cleveland, Ohio Bond Falls, a waterfall in the Ontonagon River, Michigan Bond House (disambiguation), various National Registered Historic Places in the United States Bonds, Indiana Outer space Bond (crater), a crater on Mars People Bond (surname) Bonds (surname) Ja... | manufacturer between 1949 and 1971 Bond Clothing Stores, a former New York clothing company Bond Education Group, a Canadian operator of private schools Bonds (clothing), Australian clothing company Bonds, formerly the name of a department store in Chelmsford, Essex, now called Debenhams Chelmsford Bonds, formerly the ... |
and Sony, which together agreed upon and developed compatible hardware. The unified design of the compact disc allowed consumers to purchase any disc or player from any company, and allowed the CD to dominate the at-home music market unchallenged. Digital audio laser-disc prototypes In 1974, Lou Ottens, director of the... | was primarily planned as the successor to the vinyl record for playing music, rather than as a data storage medium. However, CDs have grown to encompass other applications. In 1983, following the CD's introduction, Immink and Joseph Braat presented the first experiments with erasable compact discs during the 73rd AES C... |
Jew, to Prague where he taught at Masaryk University until emigrating to New York in 1939. In 1939, Fürst published Use your Head followed by How to Remember (1944), which was later reprinted as The Practical Way to Better Memory, and followed up with a series of 12 booklets entitled You Can Remember! A Home Study Cour... | example words may belong to more than one word category. Assumes a rhotic accent nanny (verb): to be overprotective towards mum (adjective): silent; not saying a word agape (adjective): with the mouth wide open, as in wonder, surprise, or eagerness fife (noun): a high-pitched transverse flute used commonly in military ... |
estimate if this tour is good enough. In the worst case, the algorithm results in a tour that is much longer than the optimal tour. To be precise, for every constant r there is an instance of the traveling salesman problem such that the length of the tour computed by the nearest neighbour algorithm is greater than r ti... | was one of the first algorithms used to solve the travelling salesman problem approximately. In that problem, the salesman starts at a random city and repeatedly visits the nearest city until all have been visited. The algorithm quickly yields a short tour, but usually not the optimal one. Algorithm These are the steps... |
and modulation capabilities. AF Audio-frequency signal generators generate signals in the audio-frequency range and above. An early example was the HP200A Audio Oscillator, the first product sold by the Hewlett-Packard Company in 1939. Applications include checking frequency response of audio equipment, and many uses i... | are commonly available as are arbitrary waveform generators (AWGs). If the oscillator operates above the audio frequency range (>20 kHz), the generator will often include some sort of modulation function such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or phase modulation (PM) as well as a second oscillato... |
values, or more abstractly as , the direct product of two copies of the cyclic group of order 2. It was named Vierergruppe (meaning four-group) by Felix Klein in 1884. It is also called the Klein group, and is often symbolized by the letter V or as K4. The Klein four-group, with four elements, is the smallest group tha... | Klein four-group is the symmetry group of a rhombus and of rectangles that are not squares, the four elements being the identity, the vertical reflection, the horizontal reflection, and a 180 degree rotation. In three dimensions there are three different symmetry groups that are algebraically the Klein four-group V: on... |
which dividend cheques will actually be mailed to shareholders or the dividend amount credited to their bank account. Dividend frequency The dividend frequency describes the number of dividend payments within a single business year. Most relevant dividend frequencies are yearly, semi-annually, quarterly and monthly. So... | frequencies are quarterly in the US, semi-annually in Japan and Australia and annually in Germany. Dividend-reinvestment Some companies have dividend reinvestment plans, or DRIPs, not to be confused with scrips. DRIPs allow shareholders to use dividends to systematically buy small amounts of stock, usually with no comm... |
m would imply a margin of error of 0.5 m (the last significant digits are the units). A reading of 8,000 m, with trailing zeros and no decimal point, is ambiguous; the trailing zeros may or may not be intended as significant figures. To avoid this ambiguity, the number could be represented in scientific notation: 8.0 ×... | rounded to 154,000. Alternatively, in a scientific context, if it is desired to indicate the margin of error with more precision, one can use a notation such as 7.54398(23) × 10−10 m, meaning a range of between 7.54375 and 7.54421 × 10−10 m. Precision includes:repeatability — the variation arising when all efforts are ... |
of an organism to function over a wide internal temperature range Bradymetabolism, the ability to greatly alter metabolic rate in response to need; for example, animals that hibernate Cold blooded and Coldblooded may also refer to: Music Cold Blooded (Rick James album), 1983 "Cold Blooded" (song), the title track from ... | sun Poikilothermy, the ability of an organism to function over a wide internal temperature range Bradymetabolism, the ability to greatly alter metabolic rate in response to need; for example, animals that hibernate Cold blooded and Coldblooded may also refer to: Music Cold Blooded (Rick James album), 1983 "Cold Blooded... |
turmoil and its population and power grew considerably. In 1667, the town was struck by a disastrous plague epidemic and, shortly after, a fire destroyed Oldenburg. The Danish kings, who were also counts of Oldenburg at the time, had little interest in the condition of the town and it lost most of its former importance... | within city limits. Predominant agricultural activities of the region are the cultivation of livestock, especially dairy cows and other grazing animals, crops such as grains for food and animal feed, as well as asparagus, corn, and kale. Industry Sea salt production in the Oldenburg region has been used since the 15th ... |
much of modernist culture, by the First World War: "the small world of Bloomsbury was later said by some on its outskirts to have been irretrievably shattered", though in fact its friendships "survived the upheavals and dislocations of war, in many ways were even strengthened by them". Most but not all of them were con... | In 1905 Vanessa began the "Friday Club" and Thoby ran "Thursday Evenings", which became the basis for the Bloomsbury Group, which to some was really "Cambridge in London". Thoby's premature death in 1906 brought them more firmly together and they became what is now known as the "Old Bloomsbury" group who met in earnest... |
developers [and] speculators in the process". Production-side theory The theory of urban gentrification derives from the work of Neil Smith, explaining gentrification as an economic process consequent to the fluctuating relationships among capital investments and the production of urban space. He asserts that restructu... | the rent control laws of New York, housing advocates active in rent control in New York are attempting to repeal the vacancy decontrol clauses of rent control laws. The state of Massachusetts abolished rent control in 1994; afterwards, rents rose, accelerating the pace of Boston's gentrification; however, the laws prot... |
up, and the small distances required between the posts. Ancient Roman architecture's development of the arch allowed for much larger structures to be constructed. The arcuated system spreads larger loads more effectively, and replaced the post and lintel trabeated system in most larger buildings and structures, until t... | styles. The traditions are represented in North and Central America by Mayan architecture, and in South America by Inca architecture. In all or most of these traditions, certainly in Greece and India, the earliest versions developed using wood, which were later translated into stone for larger and grander buildings. Ti... |
of sound, that starts down and goes all the way up". The band used the bell effect for lyrics "Magnifico" and "let me go". Also, on "let him go", Taylor singing the top section carries his note on further after the rest of the "choir" have stopped singing. Lyrical references in this passage include Scaramouche, the fan... | B run on the piano, as the song builds up to the finale with a ritardando. Outro (4:54–5:55) After Mercury plays ascending octaves of notes from the B mixolydian mode (composed of the notes from the E scale), the song then returns to the tempo and form of the introduction, initially in E major, before quickly modulatin... |
follows below is a derivation of impedance for each of the three basic circuit elements: the resistor, the capacitor, and the inductor. Although the idea can be extended to define the relationship between the voltage and current of any arbitrary signal, these derivations assume sinusoidal signals. In fact, this applies... | the current through it. A purely reactive component is distinguished by the sinusoidal voltage across the component being in quadrature with the sinusoidal current through the component. This implies that the component alternately absorbs energy from the circuit and then returns energy to the circuit. A pure reactance ... |
of forest cover, perform detailed measurements of scarps, erosion and tilting of electric poles. Airborne lidar data is processed using a toolbox called Toolbox for Lidar Data Filtering and Forest Studies (TIFFS) for lidar data filtering and terrain study software. The data is interpolated to digital terrain models usi... | the gain material (YAG, YLF, etc.), and Q-switch (pulsing) speed. Better target resolution is achieved with shorter pulses, provided the lidar receiver detectors and electronics have sufficient bandwidth. Phased arrays A phased array can illuminate any direction by using a microscopic array of individual antennas. Cont... |
weeks at a time. Rail The John Bull locomotive was displayed. It was only 62 years old, having been built in 1831. It was the first locomotive acquisition by the Smithsonian Institution. The locomotive ran under its own power from Washington, DC, to Chicago to participate, and returned to Washington under its own power... | to be able to penetrate at 2,200 yards a wrought-iron plate three feet thick if placed at right angles." Nicknamed "The Thunderer", the gun had an advertised range of 15 miles; on this occasion John Schofield declared Krupps' guns "the greatest peacemakers in the world". This gun was later seen as a precursor of the co... |
of tallying, which, by reason of the increasing number of combinations of classifications required, became increasingly complex. Only a limited number of combinations could be recorded in one tally, so it was necessary to handle the schedules 5 or 6 times, for as many independent tallies." "It took over 7 years to publ... | and producing reports like the balance sheet and the cash flow statement. Completely manual methods were augmented by the application of mechanical or electronic calculators. A person whose job was to perform calculations manually or using a calculator was called a "computer." The 1890 United States Census schedule was... |
Street bridges en route to its confluence with the North Branch at Wolf Point. At McClurg Court it passes the Nicholas J Melas Centennial Fountain, which was built in 1989 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago; between May and October the fountain sends an ... | system of rivers and canals with a combined length of that runs through the city of Chicago, including its center (the Chicago Loop). Though not especially long, the river is notable because it is one of the reasons for Chicago's geographic importance: the related Chicago Portage is a link between the Great Lakes and t... |
major Chicago International Aviation Meet. In 1913 the AAU held the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships. In 1959, to celebrate the opening of the St. Lawrence Seaway and a related International Trade Fair, Queen Elizabeth II, disembarked here from the Royal Yacht Britannia, giving the park's "Queen's Landing" its... | Day victory speech on the night of November 4, 2008. In 2015, Grant Park hosted the first outdoor National Football League (NFL) draft and a related festival. The Chicago Cubs held their rally for their World Series Championship win on November 4, 2016 with an estimated 5 million people attending the parade and event. ... |
resource for issues related to the position and importance of the arts in society. SAIC also offers an interdisciplinary Low-Residency MFA for students wishing to study the fine arts and/or writing. Demographics As of fall 2018, the student enrollment at SAIC is demographically classified as follows: Total Enrollment: ... | Wabash Ave.), Sullivan Center (37 S. Wabash Ave.), and the Columbus (280 S. Columbus Dr.). SAIC also holds classes in the Spertus building at 610 S. Michigan. SAIC owns additional buildings throughout Chicago that are used as student galleries or investments. There are three dormitory facilities: The Buckingham, Jones ... |
Weser. Weser is a synonym in an old dialect of German. The Werra has its source near Eisfeld in southern Thuringia. After the Werra joins the river Fulda in the town of Hann. Münden, forming the Weser. Its valley, the , has many tributaries and | Walldorf, the deepest lake in Germany formed by subsidence (near Bernshausen), and the "Krayenburg", the ruins of a castle. Its towns and main settlements are Hildburghausen, Meiningen, Bad Salzungen, Tiefenort, Merkers-Kieselbach, Heringen, Philippsthal, Gerstungen, Wanfried, Eschwege, Bad Sooden-Allendorf, Witzenhaus... |
dB), that is amplification, is the defining property of an active component or circuit, while a passive circuit will have a gain of less than one. The term gain alone is ambiguous, and can refer to the ratio of output to input voltage (voltage gain), current (current gain) or electric power (power gain). In the field o... | output port to the amplitude or power at the input port. It is often expressed using the logarithmic decibel (dB) units ("dB gain"). A gain greater than one (greater than zero dB), that is amplification, is the defining property of an active component or circuit, while a passive circuit will have a gain of less than on... |
material's inherent dissipation of electromagnetic energy Loss function, in statistics, a function representing the cost associated with an event Path loss, the attenuation undergone by an electromagnetic wave in transit from a transmitter to a receiver Free-space path loss, the loss in signal strength that would resul... | character from Darren Shan's The Demonata "The Loss", a 1990 episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation Grief Grief, an emotional response to loss Animal loss, grief over the loss of an animal Mathematics, science, and technology Angular misalignment loss, power loss caused by the deviation from optimum angular alignmen... |
in the 19th century revived interest in traditional folk stories, which to the brothers represented a pure form of national literature and culture. With the goal of researching a scholarly treatise on folk tales, they established a methodology for collecting and recording folk stories that became the basis for folklore... | of Göttingen. For refusing to sign the oath, the seven professors were dismissed and three were deported from Hanover—including Jacob, who went to Kassel. He was later joined there by Wilhelm, Dortchen, and their four children. The brothers were without income and again in extreme financial difficulty in 1838, so they ... |
Augustus, King of Hanover, whom they accused of violating the constitution. All seven were fired by the king. Wilhelm Grimm died in Berlin of an infection at the age of 73 on December 16, 1859. Children Wilhelm and Henriette had four children together: Jacob (3 April 182615 December 1826) Herman Friedrich (6 January 18... | common; as students, they had two beds and two tables in the same room. They always lived under one roof and had their books and property in common. In 1825, 39-year-old Wilhelm married pharmacist's daughter Henriette Dorothea Wild, also known as Dortchen. Wilhelm's marriage did not change the harmony of the brothers. ... |
bomb. In 1939 the advance of fascism and the deteriorating Italian political situation led him to leave Italy, following the example of his colleagues Fermi, Segré and Bruno Pontecorvo. With Fermi he had discovered the key to nuclear fission, but unlike many of his colleagues, he refused for moral reasons to work on th... | (later naturalized American) physicist, paleontologist and botanist. Together with Enrico Fermi, he discovered key processes leading to nuclear fission. Rasetti refused to work on the Manhattan Project on moral grounds. Life and career Rasetti was born in Castiglione del Lago, Italy. He earned a Laurea in physics at th... |
Jill Sinclair, a co-founder of Sarm East Studios, managed to secure plans for a potential deal. However, the demo version of "Video Killed the Radio Star" caught the attention of producer Chris Blackwell of Island Records and, on the day on which Horn and Downes were due to sign with Sarm East, Blackwell offered them a... | of Yes. Horn and Downes accepted the offer and joined Squire, Steve Howe and Alan White to record Drama. The absorption of the Buggles into Yes met with mixed reactions; the band was sometimes booed in the United Kingdom despite its chart position, but not in the United States. Horn admitted that he did not have Anders... |
time. Biography Early years Riemann was born on 17 September 1826 in Breselenz, a village near Dannenberg in the Kingdom of Hanover. His father, Friedrich Bernhard Riemann, was a poor Lutheran pastor in Breselenz who fought in the Napoleonic Wars. His mother, Charlotte Ebell, died before her children had reached adulth... | (that is, they satisfy Laplace's equation and thus the Cauchy–Riemann equations) on these surfaces and are described by the location of their singularities and the topology of the surfaces. The topological "genus" of the Riemann surfaces is given by , where the surface has leaves coming together at branch points. For t... |
not to relate to any canonical labeling of the vertices.) Let be the edge incident to both and . Given a real-valued weight function , and an undirected (simple) graph , the shortest path from to is the path (where and ) that over all possible minimizes the sum When each edge in the graph has unit weight or , this is e... | shortest path problem is the problem of finding a path between two vertices (or nodes) in a graph such that the sum of the weights of its constituent edges is minimized. The problem of finding the shortest path between two intersections on a road map may be modeled as a special case of the shortest path problem in grap... |
in the 1940s based on von Neumann's design Self-replicating machine, a class of machines that can replicate themselves Universal constructor (disambiguation) Von Neumann probes, hypothetical space probes capable | in the 1940s based on von Neumann's design Self-replicating machine, a class of machines that can replicate themselves Universal |
Pops on 31 March 1977. The song peaked at number 27 in the UK. Despite producing two popular singles, Tyler's debut album, The World Starts Tonight, proved unsuccessful in Europe, except in Sweden, where it climbed to number 2. "It's a Heartache" saw Tyler return to prominence again in 1978, reaching number 4 in the Un... | the rock material she was hoping to record. After their initial meeting, Tyler returned to Steinman's apartment in New York a few weeks later where he performed "Total Eclipse of the Heart" with Rory Dodd. Steinman described the song as "a Wagnerian-like onslaught of sound and emotion", and a "showpiece" for Tyler's vo... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.