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Motivated by the drawbacks in {{cite:480937d75fb71609ee03bc5521db3387913bb68f}} and the vae branch in {{cite:52d449d7c571c811b25e2d23f7469130db221308}}, we thus propose a framework that we expect not only utilizes region-based optimization, but we also hypothesise that it will prevent or reduce overfitting.
m
c18a4e6d32e502bbdc1226270cd396a3
We propose the InDuctive Collaborative Filtering (IDCF) model. Our high-level methodology stems from a key observation: there exist a (or multiple) latent relational graph among users that represents preference proximity and behavioral interactions. For instance, social networks and following networks in social media c...
m
0846021820bd4d73d2b2ac5805a00688
Stability on Nonsymmetric Semantic Relations. In order to test whether the responses arise from associative fortuity {{cite:bcf77a7c4e4602a8e02c06360db8022368be8768}} in the data we tested Davinci's sensitivity to argument reversal for nonsymmetric relations (e.g. Original: Does a missing wheel stop a car from running;...
d
fdc0e3657345aae09b9fc792d8289777
Interestingly the BP decoder doesn't exhibit the same behavior at low error rates. Moreover the non-increasing behavior of the derivative of the performance curve of the BP decoder is surprising at first sight. A possible explanation comes from the use of the physical error rate as an input of the BP decoder. Therefore...
r
7e0ff167ff358ec5127f359257acdd46
Although extensivity is the backbone of the Gibbs statistics, there are various arguments in favor of the non-extensivity, especially in relativistic systems and those that involve long-range interactions {{cite:47ce0d970ec70343b2bf59a92273c8e8af9866fe}}, {{cite:74ffdc4ddfef66b7bbe363a114735870d1c1a5ab}}, {{cite:b45406...
i
f43ee465bf7718893acdb0b9695b91ea
where the matrix {{formula:148a4237-da58-4dd0-a7f4-1ce5f4c0c633}} is assumed to have at most {{formula:b262ff4e-0730-493f-9383-e17937fe5773}} nonzero entries in any column and in any row. A popular formulation of the problem (see {{cite:c7afb12e6842d4169c6a0ff533c802edc535c6af}}, {{cite:32648195708389515e94265fab2d64...
r
3ed8eee75f6f8629cba31ddb5eec18a9
In this paper, we show that {{formula:098368aa-3cd4-420f-b767-64195f27b299}} non Clifford resources are both necessary and sufficient to simulate quantum chaos. To this end, we explicitly compute the 8-point OTOC and the fluctuations of the purity in a subsystem and show that a doped Clifford circuit will attain the H...
i
8b9860aca95d62bf3ef70808170b3500
The model that we derive also includes the Page-Wootters mechanism for non-interacting clocks in Refs. {{cite:4bae5e194fa6cbbb78a4a83321fab8851e04abfe}}, {{cite:f9edad70057ef869522f770fbd56038651559e3e}}, {{cite:8ca2017fa3d50740d9332179c1604c536d87ea39}} as a particular case, when the external degrees of freedom are ne...
d
68e5bc1ee36e609c641e2f404d4b4fbd
We collect a number of inequalities which we will frequently apply throughout the rest of the article. Some of these can be found in {{cite:fd5ea06dacdec55c1861be751065c06733cd0c41}}, {{cite:9d4935c80fc4e5dc2ff372e6a09b62482629e421}}, {{cite:da0c45bc4cfd9fe77e55cd9ec4943215a2b4c174}}, {{cite:1fa51f6dc11b055a0a5ee32a60b...
r
3b47eaefccceb4df77064cf62663f680
Here, {{formula:0f60fe5e-1ccb-497f-8bb6-3301f4c74854}} is the momentum of the residual nucleon. In this way, the {{formula:f800da95-d10e-4967-bb6e-7d2651991f2e}} spectrum can be decomposed into {{formula:370a254b-e5b3-4557-90b9-643fd0a6000c}} and the response function {{formula:86160558-9df3-4332-b784-7e3d5a645673}}...
d
9900cfe6d0f85562f2629eade809f63f
On the more phenomenological side the inclusion of spin and collisionsCollision functions in the context of classical transport theory have been studied e.g., in {{cite:5b932713186c3485d440d3eee662bf3fc0da3c7a}}, {{cite:0fac46f189433176ed65a42f823a89f70b5187ed}}, {{cite:b55b0e37cff6a9e968b917673bd1d8fbe10b646e}}. would...
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447c3e3e9fbb7801dc04e958f048e625
In this section, we first revisit the standard process for training BNNs, then subsequently introduce a novel module, “Elastic-Link” (EL), to reduce the information loss in BNNs. Lastly, we demonstrate the EL module on Bottleneck ResNet {{cite:b610170c501930e633ed058210a481007f54f568}} and MobileNet {{cite:14a0991c1ba0...
m
14023ee1a98779e7d63d2483b5249686
A semi-Markov game(SMG) is a generalisation of a stochastic game({{cite:f6814bcca216b62b91f295536319e70f6e31f049}}), where the sojourn time depends not only on the present state and actions chosen but also on the state at the next decision epoch. The theory of semi-Markov games finds applications in dynamic overlapping...
i
a3d3fbf2e7f5582b74ebda0695e3e364
First, from a mathematical perspective, it may be desirable to establish formal justifications for the distribution of the number of clusters within an excursion set and the distribution of the volume of clusters within an excursion set. As noted by {{cite:3f4f1ea964793cb21013f0556e53a1e0fcbdec8f}} and discussed in sec...
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3f3c4db7a67e42336cd1fa9f401856f4
In this section, we prove the main theorems (Theorems REF and REF ) with the help of computer calculations, which were done over the computer algebra system Magma V2.26-10 {{cite:71773caca61a0d465d33e8bbd0bf7abeb297b9a4}}, {{cite:fcfb9faac1390a4085ab635193f41b9ca1b2480d}} on a computer with macOS Monterey 12.0.1, at 2...
r
cc32a6dea0b447008c1afcd0c4cc259b
Creating realistic videos from scratch (i.e., unconditional video generation (UVG)) requires the model to learn the distribution of the video data. In other words, we are essentially learning a density function from which we can sample unseen videos. This is typically achieved by employing an adversarial training frame...
i
70e019815cbdbd090ebf33c2792f84eb
The segmentation model, which is used after the style-transferring part, is represented by the DeepLab v3 framework {{cite:47d1120003c9b13e63ea818f921de51f08f57428}} with a modified number of input channels, in this case, equal to 6 bands of imagery. We use both original Landsat 8 samples and their stylized versions as...
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9d35f74ec9b609e908b5127505bfb9a8
A more detailed investigation of these hypothetical mechanisms is yet to be undertaken, and will require substantial modeling efforts. We believe, however, that the scenario we describe in this manuscript can shed light on how to bring different characteristics of SBs (generation, propagation) come together harmoniousl...
d
1bec253123b7ed7a572fb51ee47120f6
We refer the reader to {{cite:5887112f81ac3bd897493ccf6fd64f5ca4e066dd}} for a detailed conceptual account as the amount of literature on outliers is vast. However, for an inclusive definition of an outlier, we start with a general one given by Grubbs in 1969, “an outlying observation, or `outlier', may be merely an ex...
i
5d38ce031c83cf30f1d675e109687de3
We compare the amplitude of the oscillations that we predict using our asymptotic analysis to those from numerical simulations. We employ a symplectic integrator in the form of a velocity Verlet algorithm {{cite:047fe1d3710b538e3e7cc9bc19b1f34c9fb47655}}, {{cite:97452b7e94dc3698c13eefc5efc18cde0f80c43c}}, which is conv...
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8bc2d63931ac186c298ad47089365fd6
In practice, inspired by {{cite:a19336faf207886c3ff4d218b8d090d923d0bfbb}}, {{cite:a54d915148e29adadd769b6b398931c74de489aa}}, we employ data augmentation to obtain the estimation {{formula:d81e3642-9e51-4da6-be16-7e2947871c51}} of the real {{formula:b2158768-2b00-4f1c-ac72-91e8f5120125}} . Specifically, for each imag...
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5295f163afe48a25bbfc58d908738f64
We first present in Fig. REF the possibility to address the {{formula:a1ad80c5-08d4-4307-a787-effa26712103}} anomaly with dark U(1) gauge boson and the {{formula:02ba07db-80c3-4ab7-b05f-8c1326cf56f1}} complex scalar model, where the {{formula:39bcb36f-a65a-431d-838f-f500e3e0b87d}} exclude a lot of parameter spaces ...
r
c9f0100bba56eef17fb56be670caec5a
Artificial Intelligence has received an enormous amount of contributions in the last decade. In particular, deep neural networks have been adopted massively in domains among which computer vision {{cite:8fd87c25e7ef405f6ed354be71c9e9bdf8830951}}, {{cite:4e50e7f0e2f9b68c80809a9a70b7f1e0254647bc}}, {{cite:3dda4401fd2e295...
i
7e40536c38960e7ee5f06a06ed10cb01
As discussed in Secs. and , the boundary local time {{formula:26e10e54-79d0-45e1-a00f-860e521dd2a4}} is a proxy of the number of encounters, {{formula:c03f7c6d-e3e2-4849-ab8d-4b41123266e8}} , of a diffusing particle with the boundary layer {{formula:2292ba37-3ab1-4718-8f26-08dc8fa1515f}} of width {{formula:748d20bb-...
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abf54f7062081518944a4841cc1ea83b
Our work has several important implications for designers of algorithmic flagging systems and sociotechnical systems. Scholars of human computer interaction, science and technology studies, and the law have all called for analyses of algorithmic fairness to move beyond biases inherent in algorithms to consider the syst...
d
97b02a480c64cf9f8f3f13b405511b66
This paper has introduced a novel approach for reconstructing CT images directly from under-sampled projection data, referred to as DEER. This approach is featured by (1) an adjustable network-based reconstruction algorithm, (2) the Wasserstein GAN framework for optimizing parameters, (3) a convolutional encoder-decode...
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d1725d725275630aea76dbb06f01c9d3
The use of vision transformers constitutes an exciting opportunity for many surface learning applications, especially in the context of biomedical data to study diffuse processes in cardiac {{cite:babbceb114a6ddf1ec507c0b1e48b6ec3f4b4990}}, or neurodevelopmental modelling {{cite:5db175538642c7644d1fcfb131365fa8735eb46e...
d
7ec24a3a3786f6c29617ade3597527f2
The DDM's inability to explain the low-luminosity suppression joins other challenges this model faces. Recently, {{cite:b040c61fc7f19d1af05860346ec9051c5db3c5e5}} used the observed {{formula:1f61034e-e906-4bcb-89eb-276e409f1e5f}} relation {{cite:641e1a401675b8c99aad3f5491abe66ce954a423}}, where {{formula:85a905a7-22f0...
d
624194f167868c0ee0c45dd496ed216e
We next consider the optimal values of the response parameters. In the adaptive response, {{formula:e78c57f2-533b-4d4d-a5c2-675e2a3c72b6}} (the memory length) is very short (Table REF ), allowing the bacterium to quickly adjust to small displacements from attractant optima. {{formula:a80f9635-310a-4676-9b44-a615a40f83...
r
23bd9836d3131c63c13f5e2dfed1a4df
As a simple way to constraint the model parameters of possible spontaneous scalarization, it is interesting to extended our study into many cases. A straightforward case is the Schwarzschild or AdS black holes in EsGB theory as well as other modified gravities mentioned in the introduction. The second case is the dynam...
d
94d4fda50be0d6675327adf8ac276d02
We remark that our unfitted finite element method (REF ) is the so-called local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) method in Cockburn and Shu {{cite:687127adbcb93f907f18d5adb77bfd9a90b9ac69}} which is different from the interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (IPDG) method used in {{cite:075db04120e2773302e7a612b2cac8461949d...
m
f466a322c0358620e624dcb8380f86f4
The CESIUM framework simulates a theoretical CESDP by modeling its constituent elements (Sec. REF ). This section describes how the base instance of CESIUM represents each element: the system architecture and system boundary (Sec. REF ), the constituent artifacts (Sec. REF ), the organization of interacting agents (Sec...
m
9f7b51877269f91603d7f8c8914d1491
Our Test-time Visual Consistency (DAVIS) framework is a general learning paradigm that can be easily applied to existing VLN baselines to boost their performance of generalization to new scenes. Extensive experiments show that DAVIS achieves model-agnostic improvement over previous state-of-the-art VLN baselines on R2R...
i
5fe21204431dcf8272d26a950b4c0ac5
In this section, we will mostly focus on ecological implications of the mathematical results obtained in the previous sections. We should stress, however, that it is crucial to define the way of how we should formally assess the consequences of the Allee effect on the population dynamics. Indeed, this question is far t...
d
6713e57871042220225b821a4a348fa2
A suitably prepared standing wave of laser radiation can form an optical lattice (OL), which are broadly used for trapping and steering of ultracold atoms {{cite:b0c360c0121da13bca2753df8588c9f85157809a}}, {{cite:b5c4980d9d30f1312449ccfeaf6493cb467d8e74}}, {{cite:2f9a9ea3cecaaef1656b13f1c1938085b0950ac3}}, {{cite:a521a...
i
6710b49e9069696da41f23c0e8cffc92
where {{formula:a47c08cf-d7fd-4329-93c1-d8d5aafb4694}} is the elementary electron charge and {{formula:55dedb6e-ab19-44dc-99ff-bd62183ee82a}} is the charge carrier density. Graphene was found to exhibit hole conduction at zero back gate voltage with a sheet charge carrier concentration of {{formula:0db0dc20-3314-4e8f...
r
e1959fb40977f876acd293274b9d357d
Proof. To reach a contradiction and establish item 1 (respectively, item 2), we assume that (REF ) (respectively, (REF )) holds and {{formula:93c8fb25-da7e-4077-8b21-b3b53b9109a8}} is not conditionally invariant (respectively, not strictly conditionally invariant) with respect to {{formula:49cd1c68-92c2-4b20-af34-51d...
r
62fe33a9f5456bab22eded90bf534983
where {{formula:60604566-59ad-4c14-9757-b39b266d26f8}} indicates the encoder network. We adopt the modified ResNet50 {{cite:81937aadec8f0436c6294545477a9191215f310d}} pretrained on the ImageNet dataset. Our encoder outputs features at {{formula:2aadb0d9-7477-49e9-a686-bf7ad6bb40b1}} resolution of the source frame as ...
m
2b73cedb5da5b65e133cbb1ce0409186
Remark 2 (Technical novelty) Although the estimation procedure for the BSVDgq method, as outlined in Algorithm A.1 in the Supporting Information, has been theoretically studied in {{cite:21ab701100b96c97149d32b8844e20b2ca485ea8}}, their result hinges on a Frobenius norm error bound for {{formula:cb1303fb-7671-4c2f-a7f...
d
c0ba7f4dcd45542d9968c235dbda611c
Two main challenges of automatic recognition of tendinopathy from US images are data shortage and indistinct appearance of US images. The problem of the small data set poses serious hurdles when approaching deep neural networks solutions. To work around this problem, concepts of knowledge transferring, transfer learnin...
d
590b1ad3477825f8d45552b819b49148
in four spatial dimensions, where {{formula:8cc4bd1b-c2c5-4fd5-895b-1ca9f8946c60}} and {{formula:23ae498e-a25b-4acf-9192-2d81bea386d2}} is a fixed real constant. The equation (REF ) was introduced by Zakharov {{cite:29fede18dfc60bdd84be9978b144ac5bd6792f98}} as a model for Langmuir turbulence in plasma, where {{formu...
i
4efb1cf6b364cc648cfbccbc40c7c6c4
Another promising line of research consists in extending Theorem REF to the case of metric measure spaces. The theoretical ground for this development may be found in the seminal works of {{cite:9f654d75af56202b88ef9d49cd5ac2cd27dde703}}, {{cite:78958abb7d8fcab82fd079c7cd0451619bad9116}} and {{cite:ef2492b7f057eef9014...
d
264a6d912ce1f4e0ea4bac899a26046b
We further describe the protocol's steps that use both an offline and online phase. The offline preprocessing phase is independent of the client's input (which regularly changes) but assumes that the server's model is static: if the server's model changes, both parties would have to re-run the preprocessing phase. Our ...
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7645c148394f87a36d81b831bc854bda
In this paper, we have developed on the notion of a quadratic form expansion, as described in Ref. {{cite:b2d7f365cb287bf69857a563939fa1c855747051}} and informed by presentation of similar path-sum like representations of stabiliser states and stabiliser circuits {{cite:76b549f0aa4d6e7f5fc1fa6f0e68543a5c867289}}, {{cit...
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b4b1c4e84667c2f25b62ef5c5a4e4901
ES-FWI is an underdetermined optimization problem as highlighted by the ill-posedness of the scattering source estimation problem, which requires some regularization. Another advantage of the augmented Lagrangian method (or method of multipliers) is to provide a versatile framework to implement various kinds of regular...
m
35faf26abc532ab0a5e3514a5690bc10
The DR estimator can be interpreted as estimating the PATE by using the regressions, then employing IPW to the residuals to adjust for bias. For this approach, we firstly estimates the nuisance parameters {{formula:70ce395c-8782-4d08-bc36-44a663ee6834}} and {{formula:47fb106a-e091-4203-9ef6-1d2b27e4f94f}} non-paramet...
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961097b4fba91c93c0bb368a5110ccf4
Analysis of Speed-Accuracy Trade-Off. Fig. REF shows that our highly efficient model has considerable improvements compared with the existing 13 COD methods. Note that the inference time of models, except for the part of competitors that appeared before 2017 (i.e., FPN {{cite:7e0b8abde4786f1d2c798aef808d4dcd242fc728}...
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15f222c225107e7db10adca8622b92f6
with boundary conditions {{formula:9a77e5cf-19ad-40d4-980f-a988e3d4661f}} , {{formula:e74f1e37-3ddd-4cde-a08e-7624e9463a0b}} and {{formula:36f68275-7c89-48ff-9f33-20f04b3c3abf}} . Shooting method is one of the popular tools that treats the above two-point boundary values problem as an initial value problem {{cite:88fa...
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42c23fd71262505506342c3e39b456ab
Table REF shows the SI-SDR comparison with a 95% confidence interval in the DNS dataset {{cite:facc4120d8d5287a41c088c9305cfe9d0c1f9629}}. Comparing VAE-GAN-L and {{formula:e6f3fc41-8078-40c3-b1db-0dba50331a86}} -PVAE-L, it is evident that there is a SI-SDR score improvement, which illustrates that adversarial trainin...
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26b8ad64854d7ab43370b1b325b564a5
We report the SacreBLEU scores {{cite:2bc89ba4254672423136d996dc4ab90dada10f56}} in Table REF . We observe that our proposed Faster {{formula:7cad853f-ff54-4df2-b1e7-707060214661}} NN-MT model achieves comparable BLEU scores to vanilla {{formula:0d35582f-b4f7-4cb0-801e-3c4d2a3584c2}} NN-MT and Fast {{formula:c81028de-f...
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52e0cdf4184bf06afd7ca2ec113d3d77
Specifically, we see that on all of the and 5w1s and 5w5s evaluations, Protonets trained with achieve better performance. In addition, for each of these evaluations, we consider training with different number of ways and shots as proposed in {{cite:3f32fed37113a50f0f946de7994dafe7af0687ef}}, {{cite:6dd6feb10bf0584f9810...
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6830bcf1201da8d3680c43d561b8a3ff
Varying {{formula:a3d5ff66-811f-4e9f-b0d3-5f7df8484259}} beyond unity, we are able to explore another portion of the parameter space of our models as in fig4. We depict there the allowed curves in the {{formula:082f5911-8daa-4e10-bd8d-90e8f488f66d}} plane for {{formula:158b67e7-939f-43de-b554-c7361a4a2255}} central ...
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f137bdbc7c7f9d192538cbc1d228cd28
From a physical perspective, both nonlocal and multiscale effects are characterized by a collective and multilevel transfer of information, from the finer structural (material and/or geometric) scales to the coarser (often, continuum) scale. The collective information leading to nonlocal effects is associated to multip...
i
52bf55370714be7ea91d0beef4302011
Landmark: As a baseline, the standard landmark detection approach has been used similar to the work done in {{cite:261d53afc7cd0197efd493e7739582b41ae33162}}. With an ImageNet {{cite:6eb4b099f183cc0f783dfed62f33faaaefeb45a4}} pre-trained ResNet50 {{cite:87ae4cc430b137c7a25e7d137e94eb69be2a8814}} backbone, we regress t...
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ee814183b5e23e3feeb4882926de348d
The study of the spread of diseases is an important interdisciplinary research topic {{cite:07a58d0034a30528010256e9d89e2dc40c8bd65e}}. Mathematical models are essential to understanding, forecasting, and studying control measures for infectious diseases spread {{cite:0661145602fe7a65ad34dbb112a07715ac506963}}. In gene...
i
486da647fb28d377d4c11a4ccbc57f34
There are several ways to approach this challenge, such as with ConvLSTMs {{cite:7f2b0d0472cdaee85ec7a881802fd16e041d20d5}}, Graph Neural Networks (GNN) {{cite:d1dcd49657d542bfae74a297d2bd516c398e984a}} and U-Nets {{cite:f4466be901d98941d1b2384e47dea004cf0ad0ce}}. In other similar competitions of spatio-temporal data, ...
m
22509e6e27ce151b3990dbad22950d88
For binary logistic regression, the loss equals {{formula:9648a22e-57db-4d95-88b7-710544972f20}} where {{formula:f7597c2d-ece0-4ba4-82bc-02484ffdea06}} denotes the sigmoid function. As shown in {{cite:c577761848510c1b7510ff19d34ae4ea52acdd04}}, the assumptions (1)-(3) in REF are satisfied with {{formula:9dc02067-720...
d
4ebe2e5042c77545cb5330ab2268534b
A very successful and popular mutation of the LSTM is the GRU unit {{cite:e40249b2f08556edecadc81d15de9d734e8b7114}}. The GRU only has an output as opposed to both a cell state and an output and uses fewer gates. We showed that adding similar rotations to GRU cells does not show the same performance improvements, and t...
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f8ea6a51a13304d134b8b16138aba0e2
In this section, we show some results of concave maximizer Algorithm REF . They follow the proof of (inexact) SARAH {{cite:82c720d5c98a2cee063d74bf81bfab06f940ca92}}, {{cite:1e13eb0740b0c81cf2c728e84fafb931dcbc4ce1}} and we present the details for completeness. We denote {{formula:3cc7da2a-5996-4cc5-9899-fa83ed93cf2b}}...
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2c5eb02f18f1b0ff98462430ba710605
In this section, we consider a typical MMTT scenario where we include both closely spaced targets and maneuvering targets described in {{cite:d27d6acac4684722675108cbf45e6208e5b7a29e}}. The true trajectories of the three targets are shown in Fig. REF . As shown in Fig. REF , the three targets fly westward with their mo...
r
9035857a98f3c8ce2c182f603e2fe859
Every quasicontinuous dcpo is sober (Proposition III-3.7 of {{cite:273133e4eac223f8b7ffc949c92418c2b17cf7e9}}). A dcpo {{formula:cc237ac4-ae68-42ba-8a3d-3a8616b895de}} is quasicontinuous iff the Scott open set lattice {{formula:b737bf15-b4a7-4797-912e-a2f8de8855ba}} of {{formula:2a2239af-f284-44c1-9302-edff27990059}}...
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705292f667d26d3b462b6b8c45e52ce6
Lots of efforts have been done in crowd counting. We generally classify these methods into detection-based methods and regression-based methods. The detection-based methods {{cite:aea1d0054a33599508d819ae150766e08130d68e}}, {{cite:004ec7c441110648b99f286ed3dccf6a6417a1b6}}, {{cite:c15bd93da24b98bb9ce88735706822e56b1fbf...
i
79975a220016f21961d1298d0dae7663
The symmetric part of the Ricci tensor field, when it is non-degenerated, serves as a metric. This was noticed very early in the development of differential geometry (see for example section 5 of Ref. {{cite:0a017eafd584708278342eb730412e3364241340}}), and used recently in Ref. {{cite:4033376c891cde1771202a26ad1dc8721...
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b1188171d36731d9c8a6b3be3dc5f937
In this section, we evaluate the performance of PS-SWIPT MAC systems under a non-linear EH model and decoding cost constraints. Specifically, to gather a practical overview of the systems, we consider the non-linear function of the EH rectifier. To this end, we set the circuity parameters of the EH rectifier in (REF ) ...
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ef38e62dfbd01a1f0158843d33866cf0
In general, the topological field solutions that describe the vortices are described by static solutions of nonlinear fields, which allow the spontaneous symmetry breaking mechanism {{cite:ad634fc955cf221573df5db6537ef85a56f6de29}}. In this sense, such structures have been intensively studied, and their consequences ar...
i
ef7c04ce194f8a6e4efd13f484ff4c56
Using SMERF, we find that, in simple reasoning settings, most saliency methods perform reasonably well on average, as measured by IOU values with a correctness threshold of 0.5. However, we also observe some failure modes across different experimental scenarios. For instance, LRP {{cite:f05af1acf9d61429b9c6d9b5b6bc5a39...
i
57b1b2ba7b6ebc1306d1f9a52e5957f6
The use of the ensemble Kalman filter for parameter estimation was introduced in the papers {{cite:cb7b843a8c3dd4835410346f50941ad44f6960ac}}, {{cite:776220af650cac98b7f68320c30b120c9ba4e4c0}} in which a physical dynamical model was appended with trivial dynamics for the parameters in order to estimate them; the idea w...
d
15c258e7e65d80317bbe5c834a2a6bbc
Resistivity {{formula:33f4396a-e58a-4951-a044-ef4367ed5319}} of Cr{{formula:c327fac8-73fd-4c54-8507-2dca2d449b6d}} Si{{formula:05a2db5e-0d9a-4e84-aab4-c9d9983d32d6}} Te{{formula:f6c91bc8-df37-4284-8f7c-c5a8e3eb415a}} at ambient pressure is presented in Fig. 3(a). It increases on cooling from the room temperature, sho...
r
45371c6fa5ea1a5525b8e3bf588bc020
On the other hand, more recent attention has focused on facilitating active reflecting elements at RISs to attain significant performance gains, which lays the groundwork for further research in RIS-aided transmission schemes {{cite:2166f9ec660dc241a31aa8eed222f398fd6edc39}}, {{cite:86c55413525e77a6de59af62e95bfe6eb527...
i
2db782a8c55d57209f150d483e96cf59
In order to prevent the iterate {{formula:3766c996-6290-49ab-ade5-3789b16b952d}} from becoming very large (causing numerical instability), {{cite:1ea336609064f0189113e580f6497a75d50a7c14}} advocated assigning {{formula:f6dd10f9-d142-4b28-ba03-ffac9b6be2f6}} , for arbitrary-but-fixed reference state {{formula:565ac288-...
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9018916fc985777b996ff752bf8eb23d
To simplify the analysis, we have performed the calculations for the case of a real scalar field. Physically we expect the result to be extended to other types of fundamental fields such as the fermions or vector bosons. The main difference would be that the vacuum energy density and its sign will depend on the spin an...
d
407dd4c9164bfa613ab0e095263820a2
In summary, we demonstrate that once the thermal boundary layers decouple with the viscous ones and locate within the turbulent convection bulk, the ultimate scaling of the heat flux and flow velocity can be perfectly realized even at relatively low Rayleigh numbers. Our results support the physical picture of the ulti...
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f1ffd7ead58fc42907afbd9a6d9b086c
While the distance of persistence images is not stable with respect to the bottleneck distance on the space of barcodes, it is stable with respect to the 1-Wasserstein distance {{cite:8155585d31df3239ed0f7e7b0cbf2412216ad42a}} thanks to the weights applied to the Gaussian functions.
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617cd784829bbcac508e30329adbc01e
Semantics embodies the function of language, which is the core for distinguishing a language from a meaningless sequence. However, it is very challenging to explore the semantics of machine language, because it is entirely a spontaneous behavior of the machine. There are also some works {{cite:7fb53f313d550f3b497def445...
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2ce65e7848445c77ddde7d01b1874f6c
In Fig. REF , we plot {{formula:9fddb694-369c-49a5-a477-35e2ba6d1e53}} versus {{formula:3e451f58-7c3b-40b2-83e2-893fbe3b4bf1}} for three first boundary condition {{formula:525dc73f-9177-47e6-8b9e-abb809dcc080}} , {{formula:46f94a7d-9208-410d-b625-bb95b91efc9d}} and different values of Gauss-Bonnet coefficient {{form...
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676ebede1bd6b21fde05fa1f7e1bbcfc
Using the properties above, the following lemma about the moments accountant has been proven in {{cite:088fc87c25b0e04f1bf0a5ef470627663d807b93}}:
m
f3fa9e1b38b4aaa1ba1ecfc77552ac53
By the Bishop-Phelps Theorem {{cite:0e67ab6923777c4b584c5e725ad9b09bdf4a0070}}, {{formula:337de7f6-f9ab-4738-b451-ba399ab7b94f}} is dense in {{formula:aea0776f-8eea-4322-8892-04e02df52d4a}} . Since {{formula:f133b058-67b5-4275-a581-7e61a45d6fa1}} is closed, Question REF reduces to the question whether {{formula:e31f...
r
21ac7c52b501fb44678ced14ae52a140
Fig. REF shows the comparison of test accuracy in a severe non-IID case. To mitigate the weight divergence caused by the data heterogeneity, FedProx {{cite:7127bb382fb8c574f5852f38092e37e543cb1c1a}} adds an {{formula:542c76d8-4498-4df3-a680-41c605272412}} regularization term {{formula:4f96fab3-5815-4b7f-bc55-8e35d42b...
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429c0d855d23230e1f2ffbbdf5d5f61a
For {{formula:a0fb9e8e-df24-4ced-bed0-3b540e0db72d}} monolayer, the HSE06 (GGA) gives an indirect gap semiconductor with the gap of 2.297 (1.744) eV, and the experimental value is 1.94 eV{{cite:58791e4563ff0f6316689438d9550f8376916f3a}}. The difference between HSE06 (GGA) and experimental value is 0.357 (-0.196) eV. S...
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570e69ef74b1ad52c7ee9cbb7d78ee2b
Our proposed method is inspired by multi-layer ensemble learning architectures, in which the segmentation algorithms in one layer train the segmentation models of this layer on the new training data generated by the preceding layer {{cite:2d6b1123cd3e925811fee15c4713d65e598ed8ef}}. Applied to segmentation of medical im...
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fec0c6da45e83d7a9f0e485e97ee70ad
I-FGSM vs. PGD. I-FGSM {{cite:49f03efba1aac2f2b4cb89b2517e7db7a861326e}} and PGD {{cite:221b940f91ea9818d83c85b7e328f0983c07d276}} are in essence the same except with a technical difference. Specifically, I-FGSM initializes the initial perturbation with zero values while PGD initializes it with random values. Random in...
d
df06a8cee02b70ccc6123a7c73244da5
For the lowest doubly-charmed baryon state {{formula:c7590737-a4b9-49c7-ac11-06d620cb7573}} , the only doubly-heavy baryon state observed experimentally up to know, the mass {{formula:b42bac14-787d-47a5-a909-f2041c848216}} {{cite:454d228bc999ccbba37e3e9a7a5448465aee0cd9}}, which is smaller than {{formula:f0b63614-6a8f...
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3afea1281eb3b34f3f42f2fd19c6a324
so that {{formula:e6af3520-c079-4df5-9e66-b29b9d03097b}} . A typical choice for {{formula:dbe93d6c-f878-482e-bd24-0b15e0a642c8}} is the well-tempered distribution{{cite:c1a03daf46eb86b4d3b23780f6fcde9ab16542ac}}: {{formula:4d20dc67-887d-4114-b8ee-c8eafc88116c}}
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4355ef646f77ebec3be57b3042bf2bbc
Because of its importance to image understanding and analysis, object detection has received increasing attention in recent years {{cite:b464c3cbf2ea2dd430260853b88a464b96867afe}}, {{cite:ebf247e5b3a07be114ea4b8a98df82f809bb66dc}}, {{cite:23327edd08c2fb63f68432418a4bcd627b5561d5}}. With the impressive development of de...
i
43c7c31fc4d015833d18ee8b68f1ec26
This is especially relevant as human annotation is very costly and model training data is often labelled by automatic labellers that use ontologies or are rule-based. For example, the UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) ontology {{cite:75a7ac66571d8958931cae81518fb58c87003ad2}} is almost predominantly used to match ...
i
bdc70d3352f0c27b5f76713e6245d307
In 1962, in his famous book on graph theory {{cite:948771cee3fe931d5eace7da5365c56c161291c6}}, the Norwegian mathematician Oystein Ore presented a new problem: “In a tree there is a unique shortest arc between any two vertices, but there are also other connected graphs with the same property. Try to characterize these ...
i
92bfc8fbbab3c0dffb509aab451624f7
Here, {{formula:ebccfddd-58dd-453f-9c38-8c7b0f3163e8}} is the DNN model, and {{formula:5998b5a0-f37e-4836-8443-97fee40cf4e0}} is an allowable perturbation set with radius {{formula:5f2cf31d-b6fe-44d4-9246-2fb5bf544e0a}} as measured by the metric {{formula:5605d746-22cc-4378-8a8a-d07590dc93c3}} . Early works assume ...
i
d23a8c0da3c45d545186a54a1641f5e3
Our method is slightly worse than FEAT and CAN in some cases. For example, when using ResNet-12 as backbone, ours achieves 0.5% less than FEAT for 5-way 5-shot tasks on miniImageNet. However, comparing with 55,041KB parameters in FEAT, ours has 31,454KB. Even with less few parameters, it can still achieve comparable pe...
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fe8014c305d72f05d2d91c4a32884e44
It is interesting to see that simply by employing the proposed deep features in an algorithm similar to that of Foote {{cite:2b862df9b9a96eeb472d800b062822efac083733}}, such a method becomes competitive with the state of the art in unsupervised music segmentation. Furthermore, on the SALAMI-IA dataset, a significant pe...
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6a8cd573818a2e2e272a7e2a9b2287d2
Effective robustness. Our results in Figure REF show that that ensembles of neural networks are not effectively robust: they do not provide an improvement to robustness that cannot be explained by in distribution performance. This observation is in line with others that have seen that effective robustness is in effect...
d
8d4dbdccd04040fcc69f2f88c1a7cc24
It has become apparent that many of the equations governing massless fields on black hole spacetimes are of Heun type (in cases where the cosmological constant is non-zero), or one of its many confluent variants, such as for non-extreme Kerr {{cite:19243516ffa634c92b9f5336c64f2b3b8739cd4d}}, or the extreme case {{cite:...
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85107ec097008871c9754fbd82ec923f
For experiments, we have performed data extraction using tensor fields on bar charts and scatter plots, as well as on histograms, as a special case of bar charts. We have used three sets of data for our experiments. The dataset descriptions are available at the project GitHub webpagehttps://github.com/GVCL/Tensor-field...
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5bf1bf4e9c433e5890dfaf66dbdb1e60
The dynamic moments of inertia for the four HD bands in each of these nuclei are compared with the one of the [1,2] configuration in {{formula:7671d1bb-993b-4666-ba73-0aecb6995a28}} Xe in Fig. REF . The difference between the dynamic moments of inertia of the configurations in nuclei with masses {{formula:52c258b4-dd64...
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6e4f68221ace21f6123e0509b3ca42b2
As the scale of deep learning models continues to grow, it may have been taken for granted that increasing model size is necessary and possibly even sufficient for obtaining ever-improving performance. However, historically the futuristic picture for large scale DNNs had not been entirely optimistic. For example, Geman...
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d7444f8fd16e7ef9b7651ec29fc4f064
We adopted the binned Cash statistic {{cite:969f3dde5a66201f14754232838c4be6c30de712}} to fit model to the data. There is a chance that a null number of bursts is extracted for a given source. In this case, the simulation cannot reproduce the observed number of flares. So, for each source, the probability to observe a ...
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0ada943cfd47879222fbce35ccae3af3
There has been recent interesting progress in the understanding of non-relativistic strong gravity {{cite:8e0cad9fb51e78ba0fbbe589b315daea396c9cee}}, where non-relativistic black hole solutions have been discussed. Building on the initial proposal of a non-relativistic limit of AdS/CFT, one could put our results in con...
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87f723f704a206a9cbcc8e72fbbf8ea9
The first one is the original Seiberg S-confining theoryBefore {{cite:7959c8184e2fca5e3fe1d179143b9510914ca829}}, it has been already remarked in {{cite:bbc888b5aba13a73590d1a52f25cdcac93415b2b}} that the 't Hooft anomalies were matched by the mesons and baryons but the confining superpotential was not found. {{cite:79...
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efae050a3ccd9a847cf0a98769c27ea9
The evidence for high-energy neutrinos from space in the IceCube experiment {{cite:b578c00fc5e31b9350bc0faa19d4242c05bef60c}} has opened a new window into the Universe from the perspective of a different messenger. While the origin of these neutrinos is still debated, it seems unlikely that a single class of convention...
i
9be1b1da9aaf7306b3be574bb8d8c003
As presented in Table REF , ablation studies are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of different model components of Spatial-DCCRN, including a) Spatial-DCCRN without AFE and MMF (Spatial-DCCRN{{formula:d7cc31b0-c855-405b-83aa-2660304b8a92}} ), b) Spatial-DCCRN without AFE, c) Spatial-DCCRN without MMF, d) differe...
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9c9481b2f46cff733d66760b9ed3e06a
To fill this gap, we have developed a taxonomy of empathetic listener intents by manually annotating around 500 utterances of the EmpatheticDialogues dataset {{cite:c657bfbcd5090da9964bb123214af1d58a4357be}}, covering 32 types of emotion categories. In the following, we first describe in detail how this taxonomy was de...
i
42b95cd71437e67bc1bbf6d3346f925f