text
stringlengths
54
548k
label
stringclasses
4 values
id_
stringlengths
32
32
Some readers might wonder whether optimizing the GPU memory usage for long-video processing is a valuable contribution since modern GPUs can accommodate larger and larger GPU memory requirements. Furthermore, there exist many prior memory saving techniques such as Gradient Checkpoint {{cite:9f67f3705b733518b910fc7b13d0...
d
336a775eb135c52114a9b3c38eded95d
The second option is to introduce a high-dimensional L2-normalized Gaussian random vector {{formula:1dda563b-ae5d-4cae-8d2e-d6fd3aa2570c}} for class {{formula:eef4444b-8e21-4488-bdbc-e28ffb929c1b}} into the batch which acts as the target {{formula:3b32729f-a9cd-4b97-aa76-0e6949526cae}} during computation of Eq. REF ...
m
14d1ff304a39a0d26897fb27829b66db
In this paper we aim to solve the {{formula:2ed95ad1-e41b-4620-b183-183a57f460da}} SDYM equation via a direct method, the Cauchy matrix approach. The Cauchy matrix approach is a method to construct and study integrable equations by means of the Sylvester-type equations. In this approach integrable equations are presen...
i
93f2a1602e0effd8d21b8838382005b8
Prior arts: To our knowledge, the existing dataless methods are mainly divided into two categories: discriminative dataless methods {{cite:d31481fb584016e51a400492dcd5c497a2e0dbfb}}, {{cite:ccf7c7484c2f48513c2c09094600d6a6f1b55247}}, {{cite:848b98b96563945bb59d697a90195b2d952bb1dd}}, {{cite:07399f05847344da0e3b3df0263b...
i
c1bb39df1ca06c7965cfbce36d483c42
Finally, in this section, I will discuss the neutron star properties such as the tidal deformability of the binary neutron star. To calculate the tidal deformability, I am solving the TOV equation together with the perturbing metric, where the nuclear equation of state use as an input. Tidal deformability is highly sen...
r
57855977ab73831715ea796fd8269332
Other than the individual and group level parity based graph fairness {{cite:c8e4a770386536eea18c89d663f57489456bed5d}}, {{cite:d77c59419a3f3f4f72dd6f7c7d32324694098be2}}, {{cite:fe20d8bf6168e4f31b6f2cf585e79f3c5257f4cb}}, graph causal reasoning fairness has been investigated, particularly graph counterfactual fairness...
m
56a9b68f28b3fac3714b1799521a89c9
In this paper, we introduce a new medical report generation model for retinal images. Our work tries to join three different disciplines; natural language processing, computer vision, and ophthalmology {{cite:e2970464c62293c51ae24db969e196a63e1e1905}}, {{cite:6a0ed218036e25534e01c73bb89b786b5ac4fc5c}}, {{cite:b36c9e05a...
d
62fe56e834f50445b03ace5b20f62e1f
Future Work.  We want to explore ways to: (i) adapt {{formula:f544c3ae-15e3-4994-abf1-2129056738e5}} -learning to multi-agent strategic settings, where coordination and opponent modelling {{cite:f07a79457830f55df769476174453e042712500d}} are essential and (ii) use a universal successor features approximator {{cite:85dd...
d
32a85737183185d79e893b32cf3ca59e
We propose a cost constructor to replace the shift-and-concat approach for matching cost construction. We make our cost constructor to be occlusion-aware by modulating pixels from different views in a fine-grained manner. We develope an OACC-Net for LF depth estimation. Our method achieves top accuracy with signific...
i
6124c4ca49ffc07db10c975afd1b4882
Our first-principles DFT calculations were performed using the Vienna {{formula:20a4b62a-5e53-41cf-90a3-0d5077356d94}} {{formula:b5ebcdd8-e959-427c-823f-3bf9e67294ed}} simulation package (VASP) with the projector-augmented wave method {{cite:7b3ebf2b5d0310820abb2aa00b1fa1909c2f645c}}, {{cite:7fd61ad853d47f87e4f5f11b9...
m
6104375a1e41b199457e6b000680ca34
A number of methods have been proposed in recent years to mitigate catastrophic forgetting, falling under three general archetypes {{cite:06c4cc0a4bf49ddbf61ceb7d17fdc2c371cc2edd}}:
m
95b4b81aae4e93cc2f391aa1bd94cb6e
In this paper we study the {{formula:db59265b-4a97-4f7b-ac1f-ac62469ae858}} -staggered six-vertex model with anisotropy {{formula:c17ec0e9-6f37-4f52-8d0c-e9379e9bd58b}} and staggering parameter {{formula:cb3ec084-75c9-490a-b837-18bde0d262e1}} . At the 'self-dual' point, {{formula:02be4c02-7c2d-4a0f-98fe-f8c8a97d11cc}}...
i
73049ebb65fea1be8b96f19f5786174e
Thankfully, an alternative route was introduced in 2006 by Balan, Casazza and Edidin {{cite:207f69a0817044d495b21a4a0af0e2a2db882b67}}: Seek injectivity, not by restricting to a smaller signal class, but rather by designing a larger ensemble of measurement vectors. Unbeknownst to Balan et al. at the time, this idea had...
i
f8b3c662f6253b4062c93271d166b447
The structure of the paper is the following. In Sec. we collect the basic formulas of the seesaw mechanism {{cite:9b570f0478469be3dcf4fbc02afc60185fc46916}}, {{cite:4137a7f8e366a20417f2be943c4c561ad0d7320d}} for fixing the notation and for further reference; the reader familiar with the subject can skip to the next se...
i
c62874609f019012a4af7ec0c7da9770
As a first benchmark, we assess our parallel DMRG implementation in a ground-state energy calculation of benzene using a cc-pVDZ basis {{cite:f11daa66bb2cf2a749bca6ba4e5204e79bdb5fb6}} with an orbital space comprising 108 orbitals and 30 electrons.{{cite:9e168e6dffdd52e48f88b8d41618cda1e94384fe}} Although the benzene s...
r
809aa288d07093b8f5427e0bebe3fbef
We propose a different approach based on selective prediction {{cite:c55838b94db1318197a40de6f077aeeff7560619}}, {{cite:c0c26676451c40bc908d07f5135d561e390893a5}}, where a model quantifies its prediction uncertainty and abstains from predicting uncertain instances. First, we develop a method for selective prediction wi...
i
88fd91a2a4e07d04f0ada8acfe7dfa87
Now we present the Linear Combination of Unitaries (LCU) Lemma {{cite:97db056ae6946426890c78000260d07f66896ad9}}, {{cite:c83b61d2ce1d7dd3bf13f91158b80ea16ac135e7}}, {{cite:6b020c29d811123fafc2caaeb85d25af84e715de}}, which we will use for combining the Fourier terms in our quantum circuit. Since we intend to use LCU for...
r
f4222cd9eb16694b791a972f7b863bad
None of the published TESS exoplanet transit curves of M and K dwarf host stars are known to contain a starspot anomaly, though three appear to show suspect anomalies (LP 791-18: {{cite:dcfde49904b6b771182c8a3958171c244407a1bb}}; L 98-59: {{cite:e95fbbed264c468263883fb4538b0c4dbe93e644}}; HD-21749: {{cite:26bbc2c5c6601...
d
0c80dd494b003f62761debbe79cbea5d
The three components in (REF ) account for bounding box regression, objectness confidence, and class probability. We used a modified loss definition compared to the original YOLO model {{cite:2a70a6f11c35d1221ed0900f20fa9f928b2e429c}} for better convergence.
m
e62d1db3836922b3833532d799011dcd
The predictions output by paegan are similar to those of pf (albeit more uncertain). Consider Figure REF , but it is best to see videos hereGoogleDoc. This favours the hypothesis from {{cite:15901f9457f78eae77f9beab31bbea68cbb70644}}, that a deterministic predictive network (pae) approximates the expectation over the t...
r
a8c6d098bcb6ca19f6da4308ff842616
Binary relevance {{cite:249e46a7828316446a3bf48f9c5a5761bcdf08ca}} is a common approach to multi-label classification where the problem is decomposed into a set of {{formula:6b633148-f643-4ab4-90e0-44755ab5bf9e}} binary classification tasks, where {{formula:aa2743e5-b294-441c-b63a-fdb124ebc00b}} is the number of clas...
m
45ba11baf06a67316571cba79f6e428a
Given that we need some theory of initial conditions to explain why our universe was not chosen at random, the question becomes whether inflation provides any help to this unknown theory. There are two ways in which it does. First, inflation allows the initial patch of spacetime with a Planck-scale Hubble parameter to ...
d
dd1c28de1f5dc4b761962abd31598de4
Some of the first unsupervised methods of the deep learning era were fashioned after pretext tasks from natural language processing. A network would be trained to perform some auxiliary task before transfer for downstream tasks. These auxiliary pretexts task included solving jigsaw puzzles {{cite:24e1e63401aaf20b2a058a...
m
3d2317d880723a37863c14d7c4cadf34
For a fair comparison between the state-of-the-art {{cite:96ab7bce8bdc1d674dec330fea8a4d8fee15377b}} and the proposed PARAFAC-IRS and Tucker-IRS models, we optimize the precoder ({{formula:ea84e293-d071-4bee-a3e4-45a0258b7da6}} ), combiner ({{formula:dbd256ee-0e21-4cf3-818e-a9d296c72d4b}} ), and the IRS phase-shifts ({...
r
40fda73d05a56c070df1695c51d6d896
Sparse Attention.   Perhaps the most intuitive solution to alleviate the quadratic cost, Sparse Attention only calculates a portion of the full {{formula:5e74a584-0f35-4b9f-885f-f8fe4762808c}} attention matrix. Early stage methods include Local Attention {{cite:97fc3ec1aee8b0b1b16e1a0e1e822b71230a3885}} and Multi-pass...
m
ab95179af777bd33ee42708e478fbe56
In this paper, I adapt the analysis from {{cite:25d7b1e7befd156e6485cf1a4dfe6a8be3420597}} to demonstrate convergence of Implicit Update (IU) dynamics and Predictive Methods (PM) to a neighborhood around the optimum, with the size of this neighborhood shrinking with the width of the neural network. To do this, I separa...
i
1261baa4097c6a577040009ac644d36d
In this section, we present numerical results to demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed NN schemes. The data set is obtained by utilizing the conventional optimization scheme in Section III with {{formula:dca59dd2-5d7f-4b60-84d1-5240cbe3bf2b}} different random channel realizations. We split the data set ...
r
5cbd92e610fb1f9af6a78d656756f722
In {{cite:a351422c9907b22ae6c0f2061df836a405eda1e4}}, the authors studied the degree-corrected HSBM with general connection probability parameters by using a tensor power iteration algorithm and Tucker decomposition. Their algorithm achieves weak consistency for uniform hypergraphs when the average degree is {{formula:...
r
973d3889e2b8bf4e3a61d988a7f151ab
As exemplified by the Bonnet–Meyers Theorem, Differentiable Sphere Theorem ({{cite:43828a65db6c508deeda99a9d2f8ffe589116acb}}) and Poincaré Conjecture ({{cite:e33d77480106735da2cc9c698799a03316ae9a11}}, {{cite:a12b97d505aee7ce6e220fdffef9b69fd7c2b700}}, {{cite:3e9b2f0b973cb8b1538029d9e98e412a120a201e}}), to assume the ...
i
db77ade07828e5e388ae72cbc6ee701b
where {{formula:5bb36ed7-9fa1-48cb-abf8-4806209b748f}} is referred to as the augmented Lagrangian for problem (REF ) with penalty parameter {{formula:a8648ef3-5b1b-4d06-863e-2547b8768aea}} and dual variable {{formula:23249d76-b3c0-4eef-8bdd-64778ae9664f}} (see e.g. {{cite:cbd23fcf00f48cc435e814cab79cd6a97355f6e8}},...
m
dc91bf7498de25f4c161ecfc5be3229e
As the affective GMM is getting fitted to the data, a small number of affective Gaussian components might overly fit to some emotion annotations, rendering the so-called singularity problem {{cite:1882436b1ae35114c2993338ebe016f7a016c421}}. When this occurs, the corresponding covariance matrices would become non-positi...
d
2bf20f149399305df699f7d785c7238e
and therefore, {{formula:a37d1485-bc86-4b3a-8118-81869667009f}} . Hence, by the portmanteau theorem {{cite:8d04ec22ae72030f49b0f51ae836e33abc913ff2}}, for all {{formula:2eb529d3-7e24-4f4a-bb86-64ca6c802682}} , {{formula:103c7995-8c73-454b-af38-6778cb776eab}}
r
1d59c24351f6637039f07f34349ecb43
The results obtained via the QASM simulator were found to be highly accurate, with the error that is inherently associated with the quantum projection measurements giving rise to very slight deviations from the exact results. The results obtained by implementing the simulation on the IBM Q quantum computers were also f...
d
1973b443ade499d0cf4e47b74a49edd9
Image classification is one of main topics of neural networks, starting from the success of AlexNet {{cite:972da84b527e22d0e94f4fd0052f12195d48f67f}}. The availability of object classification can lay the foundation for advanced neural systems and is of great significance in the research of perceiving media data, such ...
i
997f46e3aa1cd3b53a0ac23be2543be5
Non-uniform Blur: Our deblurring framework is constructed based on the physical blur model (REF ), which assumes uniform blur kernel across the spatial domain. For non-uniform blurring, we can follow previous studies {{cite:1fd41a22b6d915fade3d6fb914badf223c36d25a}}, {{cite:63ccd164df2f56485d2d98693a9f349ea4c159e5}}, a...
d
17c97fed59eced05e211a5fcbab9bd0d
Evaluation with beam length=4. We evaluated the model #2 and SDPA model with highest BLEU scores using beam search at beam length=4 to compare. The results are shown in table REF . The PLGA model results in better BLEU score than RNN model {{cite:b4dcc3b2722a87784aaa34309bf31d6bcd239577}} with attention evaluated in {{...
r
02381232d9976f2af16b49e51e8eea51
The emergence of sparse activation in Transformer models discussed in Section  (see also Appendix ) may offer an explanation for why DNNs work well and do not overfit. The notion of sparsity pertains to the law of parsimony, a.k.a. Occam's razor, where among all possible explanations of observed data, the simplest ones...
d
a138b5d924e8609bc4603521753750a3
Since these systems are Hamiltonian, one needs to use numerical schemes that are symplectic or Poisson. There are a number of ways one can derive such integrators, such as the partitioned Runge–Kutta method {{cite:ffa9b031c2b589703400e50e5a12a04515f1cc7b}}, or variational integrators {{cite:e8340e0553a0bb052c9a61ede878...
i
908481f2d19f2f5cf3676510de21c361
Our method, which is concisely presented in Alg. , starts with reconstructing static configurations with a state-of-the-art pipeline {{cite:40a5323a66bb1b44d98efacedf00e84bdceeaf5f}}. Then, it finds the poses of the cameras from other takes towards the background and towards the foreground. Inliers of these poses give ...
m
1bd7d261a9ce343868684fb6e7695119
Our approach is borrowed from {{cite:536a7faf0382aeab56f66a25088b6a06483cae57}}. We estimate the sharp functions of the solutions and apply the Hardy-Littlewod theorem and the Fefferman-Stein theorem. This approach is typically used to treat the second-order PDEs with small BMO or VMO coefficients (for instance, see {{...
i
89887cb1795dc44c7f320b8ebca7165e
We compare our approach with the existing methods for UAS, including AE {{cite:43ef2ed407f69c6e46f04608015c366e7de0f2a1}}, VAE {{cite:484751535dddcda48860b1eb041031bc6bda545d}}, GMVAE {{cite:48602189844392fb1e223b9d7306a8e531ca04f3}} and fAnoGAN {{cite:b0ee60bd086ea712e1fb7537c9b671e71a75e115}}, on two datasets, BraTS ...
m
7c23d04397ee275a8a57042e2852719a
In order to confirm the results obtained with WKB approximation and with qSW, one can solve the differential equation exploiting the method of continuous fraction formulated by Leaver {{cite:1157bdc8053b0af52a3c4b1dec5a0fe1c8b00f6e}}, {{cite:38550cde923b41e4a8d2349108315eed5bd2a08f}}.
m
e0ac667832e2127eaa0daa4a5df192c1
The general form of Usadel equation {{cite:a34df16a81f0d8e39a12d1abcc891b7abf0f82b3}} (which can be derived from the Eilenberger equation {{cite:a3c2bf9a3799bb39232712528708e8ed06275971}}) in the presence of an exchange field with components {{formula:956ac7c8-bc62-4d7f-af5b-f4c77c03f82a}} in the ferromagnetic layers,...
m
6883b36ae596ddff649c41f9b28e7dbb
In spreading dynamics, the most important nodes called influential spreaders or super-spreaders are nodes which can induce the largest outbreak sizes when the spreading originates from them. As control of epidemics is a major challenge the human beings are facing with {{cite:89b7bea027e252aa49fcd6e785ea208b48415493}}, ...
i
3ad3a01e87896792c06de4ec376ee2e2
Both the above-mentioned weaknesses of our analysis are good news. Within our proposed mechanism, the experiments can achieve a much stronger critical current modulation than adequately described by our analytical theory. The goal of this work has been to clarify the physics of critical current control by modifying the...
d
64ceb4a39c442283263333950720811c
In this work, we only theoretically focus on the dynamical effect of BH subsystems for the long-term evolution of two-component, spherical and low-{{formula:4794f8e8-7922-4f44-8287-2c318b28d654}} star clusters. These simple models allow us to well isolate the dynamical effect of BH subsystems from other physical proce...
d
ad6dbf1bbce5c0738de656d97ce8f9eb
We focus on three popular and/or recent metric techniques: ProtoNet {{cite:7d288cf958bbb69d2e78eb362fbf68023e8d7294}}, FEAT {{cite:d484d1cad5e138572561b0140b7a21c503cbd603}}, and FRN {{cite:d7f9663bc7a2322c76152646c185b1924adf4d0a}}. We describe each model and our corresponding cosine alternatives in the following sect...
m
9275609defcd8c86ce5dea2e45c13bf5
The models were trained on 400,000 32x32 image patches from ImageNet ILSVRC12 {{cite:944acc19ea20ed7c00770fa768a5552731a0f0e8}}. The patches were randomly sampled from images after subtracting the mean and normalizing the variance of the images. Low contrast patches were not included (variance less than 0.32) as was do...
m
1ffa91ed2115310716028c840ca7f247
During the XRT monitoring of BL Lacertae we observed a softer-when-brighter behaviour in X-rays, with the photon index ranges between 1.35 and 2.63. This behavior can be related to an increasing importance of the synchrotron emission in the X-ray part of the spectrum covered by XRT during bright states, likely due to a...
d
81c16706562b89ce926f7d0fd2f4a28d
in the basis {{formula:2ac6524f-245c-4dba-bada-826cf2714811}} with {{formula:d08bd062-a942-4054-8089-8f031caa02f6}} ({{formula:76abdb82-e44a-4acc-a8ba-e5c7367fdc05}} ) representing the orbit (spin) degrees of freedom. The Pauli matrices (identity matrix) {{formula:5849ae0c-fd38-484d-8e47-417596f707cf}} ({{formula:0...
m
17883904e568c5659374b0368ba4cdc2
To preserve the purely ingoing radial solution near the horizon, we expand the function {{formula:7035f5e9-9bec-4859-86d9-b70e282885e6}} in the form {{cite:bfb69c807f83fa233c6c0b279f8d63e08074adbf}} {{formula:f9184c15-ffd3-4cbd-9ebb-816b77879654}}
m
bbfca6058eb5d5ff39abda007ee21f46
Least-squares and logistic regression on graphs. Paralleling once again the results of {{cite:c577761848510c1b7510ff19d34ae4ea52acdd04}}, it is clear that our certified graph unlearning mechanism can be used in conjunction with least-squares and logistic regressions. For example, node classification can be performed us...
d
ed21a19fac7a558ca6808543106dbec1
The results follow from a straightforward application of Proposition REF using {{formula:5c051042-31dd-42b4-a5c4-0cc51cf83f98}} the distributional representation of {{formula:7f8a07bc-1aad-4e94-9a50-38ef94d0b23d}} , and the appropriate Gamma randomization to obtain independent {{formula:861cc100-0b39-434f-9100-7981b6...
r
9d7686b5ec566546abe11a89c6e562e1
where {{formula:3662ec60-c40a-46c0-a856-b24c2db9a584}} is the set of exponents of {{formula:1bdd6308-e568-46a1-baf9-e0b86841951d}} (see {{cite:d32ac1a15139bf52227f55b783a36f301318c47e}} for the definition of exponents), {{formula:3db98f1e-c025-44ac-88b7-c43ff6d7397e}} , and {{formula:28280ead-3a9e-41cb-ac4e-103b519f0...
i
cc30fafa4d52f13494b270304d4f6597
The general unsupervised learning model defined above without any other inductive biases cannot ensure the disentanglement, as is commonly believed {{cite:cc8b4f3aac6f96b157c45cf4f8aa87e1f9fa3964}}. To achieve the disentanglement of content and speaker representations with the above formalization, our solutions are as ...
m
7bbc9f6b713b8bfb773fbe46ac2655ee
Our method for solving the 3D image super-resolution problem relies on deep neural networks. The universal approximation theorem {{cite:46ff171cc0cc38f72266ee5840083444f3749bc0}}, {{cite:04804e11ad37946155dbc7e8dd72ec9ea92c983a}} states that neural networks with at least one hidden layer are universal function approxim...
m
db1b0e44e52cbaed0feded193576b05e
These models, which we will refer to as Hamiltonian Neural Networks (HNNs), are able to learn more accurate representations of the world than would otherwise be possible. Recent works by {{cite:e86575e08d8e2f5df6b3aec6eafba9fa3ad60e38}}, {{cite:c705dbbfce570b97dbc4459d598a81df0cddc370}}, and {{cite:6440945d371259dc94ef...
i
d12ea2f8b7f98655e5070c0315b7bd13
This remaining performance gap significantly diminish the relevance and practicability of these techniques for real-world applications where a high level of accuracy is required. To reduce the domain gap further, domain adaptation coupled with weak human annotation have been developed {{cite:ce95c2c7519724fcd08ae73fd6d...
i
76f611771f0f9533db336c6a9f4c7d1a
This work continues this line of investigation. Our main contribution is to show that this centralised distillation is unnecessarily, and indeed sub-optimal. In particular, we propose an online distillation framework, where each worker both learns to optimise performance in a local domain and also mimics its peers from...
i
21cdc3c49a8bca289252e106a0467538
We compare with several recently published methods, including: 1) Rule-based or unsupervised contract processing models: Extraction Zone {{cite:ebd9192c03ff0b218b0df40e79d71d9ae521ff15}} and Sentence Match {{cite:382531993d3bd4918f0ad7bd750a5cfaa90d0de2}}; 2) Strong pretrained language models: BERT {{cite:42859b6da7006...
m
ce100077a8398cbc9ef1f8906dea6255
In addition to these differences, at a qualitative level, all of the cases considered in this work had a number of common features in all cases examples. First, the variation of HMI and reflected entropy has the sign due to presence of the anisotropy. Regarding these quantities as measures of total correlation between ...
d
2975c10c4995273757cf4806729871b3
Both Replay-Based approaches tend to be computationally- and/or memory-expensive, especially as the number of tasks increases {{cite:d0940debc6f3e831dcaa422d2e546a0b0a638596}}, {{cite:28ba4772f776dd4d34bdf05cfc5bf1aadd0fba26}}, {{cite:b0f3339b5d8eae7813d94cf661aa327bcef0a1c8}}, {{cite:e92f17c16db3aca582a7b8f76a7da7973f...
m
77aa0d951858b64baa9be6501a922589
Before discussing the implications of this finding we first summarize the possible limitation of our analysis. (1) To perform our analysis we needed to use high-resolution racial grids. Such data represent streets and roads as uninhabited areas. Using image processing techniques we have removed streets, but major roads...
d
e424ca16b5d716c44e4a48ebc3ca6edb
Recently, PVNet {{cite:867f9c5355723dc8f25f39636fd723c4c12deeb7}}, DPOD {{cite:24978c38778f3f57e7a52396175c7a1545d162d5}}, and HybridPose {{cite:679f653a02f7674e0a20df466a2392c8263f1bc8}} have shown excellent performance on 6D object pose estimation using a two-stage pipeline to estimate a pose: (i) estimating a 2D rep...
m
67b572a428a4a30f8ec534950a7b9b4f
There are a few commercial attempts to market systems for card counting monitoring. Tangam Gaming {{cite:1539e6c79416e94a9a588ab520fac8b9632d31d2}} produces an automated card recognition system that requires the use of specialized hardware such as RFID. The MindPlay21 system relied on a range of specialized hardware wh...
m
2bdc5810b5c18a32b43bafc1aa209d5e
where {{formula:cf9c180f-f41a-4293-b294-d8147a15b2d1}} . The function {{formula:283a1773-9095-4a22-b3ef-0032d9e19df9}} is convex, and is minimized at {{formula:eeedbdf8-fcd5-4a2f-8e90-8e0c3bd5709d}} . Therefore, we can show that the limit distribution of {{formula:ced7336b-aae5-49d9-a41d-67bba9af227b}} can be determ...
r
94ed3485d1415f3bf00a72234ba40c2e
Table REF shows the overall cloud detection results for FCD in comparison with CAM {{cite:58ff1d95f1dea574c3e87db0e11f51aba2e0575f}}, GradCAM {{cite:2e7bcdd554a9f29615a1425cef0f271157d09f6b}}, and GradCAM++ {{cite:9a7fa9a6b73fac81e2720cc65b07e1b41940fb92}}. We find that our FCD greatly outperforms all CAM variants in ...
r
c3efd03ace23d51cf261797764eb3cd2
For time-stepping, we use the 8th order Dormand-Prince Runge-Kutta scheme described in {{cite:0372db6c92cbaec9151700f813c30cf95ac9822b}}. The solution is recorded at equal time intervals of width {{formula:b5943e7b-01f7-4368-92f0-4294d635a92d}} . The timestep of the Runge-Kutta method is set to {{formula:9f270163-5bbc-...
r
f0d245d227ba66cc529a3112cbd82618
We assume that the reader is familiar with the basic theory of lattices such as a partially ordered set (poset), a chain, a lattice, a subgroup lattice, a normal subgroup lattice, etc., (see, e.g., {{cite:b733702a3aa649f25adf4680e4401c442be91158}}, {{cite:695965cd69fb757a9256171a04c96b401fca307a}}, {{cite:5141b724d5999...
r
e5bb5a4a8dc437c599817616f8bca885
The dust mass obtained from the model shown in Fig. REF is {{formula:d569826f-5077-47f5-a740-8b617eedc900}}  {{formula:d81a5798-ffcb-4efa-ad38-1c8b228cd6d2}}, adopting a bulk density of 2.25 g cm{{formula:9d4195f9-f1cd-491d-a746-c944a3abd620}} for amorphous carbon (Gilman {{cite:ba54358e30f0285fd25884b695b38fe8ce4dca...
d
55ffa4ac58ec15b34c0656bc9370dc8c
Finally, SPVNAS {{cite:d3f1d3f456bcc1a19bd109e8f85c72358cf8490f}} builds upon the Minkowski Engine {{cite:edcaba444224a5f62cab4ee4b9ba0964371701a6}} and designs a hybrid approach of using 4D sparse convolution and point-wise operations to achieve state-of-the-art results in LiDAR semantic segmentation. To do this, auth...
m
d1de1a6b9e291c0cbc2f162d7ab70d46
Although the Shapley value provides a principled framework in game theory, one critical issue is that the economic notion of the Shapley axioms is not intuitively applicable to the attribution problem {{cite:3992ea8fc4974dca10b1959c3b5b7f849a8f60f2}}, {{cite:6484433d359324786d7d6150c6bda4f0701f80ee}}. In particular, th...
m
7a48a49214ea56eac367e562948840ae
To improve the certified robustness of randomized smoothing, efforts have been made on both the training {{cite:025b9a65fcb89c61847230cdbdea3a807461bd75}}, {{cite:ac3f032772522f73475b134ac132a36314792c65}}, {{cite:cef20df1db545a747f4b239e19ab2ae45528ec76}}, {{cite:7eb5197ed9c867084bd17ae0de9676f35051f935}} and the cert...
d
95843c74d79fb542dbdfd8c7d23e4641
The tomographic redshift distributions predicted by the forward model are shown alongside the spec-{{formula:d2009250-07e7-4433-97c8-6f5be61b9691}} histograms in Figure REF , and the corresponding bias on the mean of the redshift distribution in shown in Figure REF . The forward model is able to predict the redshift d...
r
a6107dffca39866a716f2e4a74409c47
We may transform a system's (conformational) free energy by supplying energy through external control, such as in the case of single-molecule experiments {{cite:85b1938c139ffe38cf3b5a5c4ebd41dabbb262bc}}, {{cite:039c978eb6a048b01ee023b7261d0b886ab1b886}}, {{cite:1dc5182c3ecbfb0f8c447760341ed860d126e793}}, {{cite:b082ca...
i
544af7c69aea7b25f57faba2ebbce334
It is generally believed that the highest burst rates on average are found for the sources with burst oscillations. However, it may be a selection effect as not all bursts exhibit burst oscillations, and therefore, a high burst rate means observation of many bursts and hence burst oscillation detections. Oscillations s...
d
47fdb12d10d7a78db1fe9ca50c250186
Other aspects: Choosing the right metric to assess the performance of a segmentation model highly depends on the task for which the output of the segmentation model is used. Overlap ratio measures such as Jaccard, and Dice are the most common metrics to evaluate the accuracy of segmentation model {{cite:cf2fe2fd1a2f6f0...
d
62ceaea6a488be18b29517cefb173542
Thus in each iteration {{formula:91a39535-7117-409a-889f-1159617c31d4}} , the two methods simply take a proximal point and proximal gradient steps, respectively, on the static problem {{formula:372486cb-2980-42a5-806b-673385025e6b}} . The proximal point method in the extreme case {{formula:a271e30a-5a4d-4832-8d68-e9253...
m
6648079796a161759164c3b78711ed1f
Experiments on MS MARCO and Natural Question data sets show that our RankT5 models fine-tuned with specialized ranking losses can significantly outperform other T5 ranking models fine-tuned with classification losses and previously proposed T5 adaptations for ranking {{cite:03bb2e586faeb8978675b9de2035d1c020616580}}. W...
i
8a8954288c2881257b76a9f41d3a593b
The impact on the performance on the test set is less severe, as can be observed in figure REF , but still on the order of 1 percentage point. Incidentally, the mean result for the reference labeling function improves slightly on the state of the art for this task as reported in {{cite:dd8f3671de2cb54257358c2488290f3cd...
r
3224c54e9adea704e4a02933c3d89044
The water waves problem has been widely studied in centuries, see for example {{cite:56a91bf9a5c0f98700d2f45d6ed30cba339f3970}}, {{cite:5017c0b6336802e06521ff2edd18fe6a9e3def72}}. This problem focuses on the motion of an ideal fluid and describes the evolution of the free surface {{formula:73a47408-6d76-49e3-aa14-eaae9...
i
cdda81699d8438451bcb7dc05fa9ea3b
In the context of the model presented in this work, if we assume that at the time of the bounce {{formula:456106a5-21a2-4e38-956e-70f85dee802b}} , the surviving black hole has a mass Limits on the {{formula:67351937-5b9b-4032-b289-f56fc0e0b399}} -distortion in the CMB due to the dissipation of fluctuations before decou...
d
b1af3daf589a9f9e9b36e4febefbb1a1
We focused our habitability analysis on orbital evolution, but many other factors might be important and could be included in future work. CBP rotation rates may reach a stationary solution analogous to tidal locking {{cite:f8c4fd07aee1cf84fe0c96440c78b6a128c857ee}}, {{cite:38e9d0f13e8432d3053fa81c4af5036f112e1b71}}, w...
d
a96677ddb8aafaf2a1ed2bf593c07893
Overcoming the challenge of scalability has received much attention {{cite:3762fa7ce0d7df86e300655ddd80354a9526b213}}, {{cite:4ee4eadcad7e9abc4997476d6b277a1fd1374df7}}. One class of approaches is to develop efficient algorithms based on first-order methods. For instance, a general conic solver based on alternating dir...
i
ccc93abd778c18d416669ed1cf1b8db2
Figure REF plots histograms of the number of whistler events versus solar wind speed in the {{cite:b461949e55e2fdc0be4f5d591c747ac458526cad}} STEREO database (left) and the number of PSP events color coded by encounter (right) versus solar wind speed. The center panel plots the PSP events versus solar wind speed and r...
d
d4a46db2489bd4e41c6c412f5374d591
This paper investigates the construction of {{formula:95f40882-280e-48f9-9d29-40954b7ff9d0}} using decision trees. The use of decision trees to compute {{formula:2427a186-808b-4491-9e71-4cc77a924197}} was one of the suggestions included in the seminal paper of {{cite:9fbf54e97898d96628f818850504c8186a561c61}}. To the...
i
f96d07eb49f39bbffc431086173c8aae
We believe that the principles revealed in this work exhaust the many ways one can engineer the phason spaces. They show that, in principle, there is not limit on how high in the virtual dimensions one can go. However, in practice, we expect that the actual laboratory designs to become increasingly challenging and the ...
d
019b7ac76bb89bc06184665a3c71830f
Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) are cornerstones of both classical and quantum complexity theory. Indeed, CSPs such as 3-SAT and MAX-2-SAT are complete for NP {{cite:5838bd499d639f311d3533ad640d4e086efa699a}}, and their analogues Quantum 3-SAT (3-QSAT) and the 2-local Hamiltonian problem are QMA{{formula:5ac4c7...
i
d8e88631868a1f30e291d0195ef37c3d
We generate a diverse collection of NCA level-generators through CMA-ME {{cite:77212dc84b2bda150ffb0d016af0e76d978598ca}}, a quality-diversity algorithm combining the adaptation mechanisms of CMA-ES {{cite:d3942c6475cc0820dbdfdc636cae244aa1076c8d}}, {{cite:116522e0587702bc6a189575d298a8f596663a8d}} with the archiving m...
m
603c90644909b061787601fe0907d7b9
The hydrodynamic stability of an accretion disc is related to the choice of the combination of parameters of the flow {{cite:193d286eaafdfa7355cd84e296337d9b5f678c3a}}, {{cite:c217fa37a09d9e68fca3dc6012aef593b8b73a62}}, {{cite:23543734fdf901278070de3b0da40e79eb43afa1}}, {{cite:c22fd01bf7cd54db701c481a761c0cd196bb30ad}}...
r
30a9e9df657959daee6ca69615113892
where {{formula:b51b2c61-85ce-4b47-b3d0-7d08408b5353}} , {{formula:2d6ee8e3-0f8b-46ca-9f6a-80fac8e3a421}} 's are obtained by sending multiple augmented versions of {{formula:41885943-e848-4a02-b8f1-b821b2d59a4e}} to {{formula:96bd03b2-4cf7-4a07-89a9-83d6e7d5a136}} . This loss penalizes over-confident erroneous predic...
m
2a175dc727b60cd3848a2e7328cef479
The magnitude of the peak-dip structure observed in {{formula:8b752ab5-445a-4c17-af40-c7141ea2a4d0}} is a direct consequence of the mean-field approximation employed in our calculations. We note that the inclusion of mesonic fluctuations weakens the critical behavior. This was presented in other models exhibiting {{fo...
r
26197ac65ff15bee4b6da4f7eec5899c
However, fewer number of communication rounds does not necessarily induce a lower communication cost. Communication overhead is also affected by the number of transmitted bits between the clients and PS, which depends on the size of the transmitted vector/matrix per communication round. Hence, a direct application of ...
m
99e860319083cd149c0496da9c108d1e
Spikes are estimated at timepoints for which {{formula:b01856ca-ccd4-4fe0-9593-f9396959049e}} . To conduct inference on these estimated spikes, we could leverage the framework in Section REF , along with recent developments in selective inference for the lasso and related problems {{cite:ba24e7737df7e8560cb86495ffe2c3...
m
ebbd0d85706f3f74eb38218e0e4bf3c7
Synthetic text generation: the synthetic text is created using the delexicalisation method proposed by {{cite:5ce87aadb9c2e1b06ab6692a96b44b07ba4dd6c0}} but modifying the delexicalisation algorithm so that it can be used for agglutinative and resource-poor languages. Synthetic audio generation: the synthetic text obt...
m
81725898f9bf91174f95f153e998cec8
In the following we will describe and analyze an approach to reliably estimate these kinds of uncertainties for NNs by modifying the architecture and introducing an appropriate loss function. The structure of this paper is as follows: First, we will briefly discuss aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties using a pseudo e...
i
7ba38def43c0900abd715513d62c6b0c
Let {{formula:0cbe6df8-aa75-42c9-8f76-2a3a6fbe391b}} and note that {{formula:a5af8b81-aaa3-4f21-8947-b52a8019b8d4}} . By the symmetry of {{formula:1b80aa95-3bf5-45ed-99fe-fe3a23d53054}} and the contraction principle for Bernoulli processes (see, for example, chapter 4 in {{cite:3dc4c7931b58c4eeb5b4e9b205ef5e33c2c4385...
m
24d1fa5ceae8db98ec9e91eae0cc68b2
Among others, brane-world theory has been put forward as a prospective framework for DM candidates {{cite:802bed8f4ce36da1e6720ff0bbb2380baa7a107f}}. In this theory, the characteristics of the suggested massive brane fluctuations (branons) match the ones of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), which are a well...
i
c9e79fe9a2d5c1c725e95e8e6e1e439f
The Fokas-Lenells equation (FL equation shortly) is a completely integrable nonlinear partial differential equation which has been derived as an integrable generalization of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS equation) using bi-Hamiltonian methods {{cite:3173f5c1aecd511b8d3099057d386c5d2e73e7d7}}. In the context o...
i
4ef5d622bd120c64ee335c7aa8145f14
We evaluated our framework on the BraST'18 multimodal brain tumor database {{cite:f27e696f141a449899e7c1ba4755b2b7e166544d}}, which contains a total of 285 subjects with four MRI modalities: T1-weighted, T1ce, T2-weighted, and FLAIR MRI, with the size of 240{{formula:3f21374a-a161-431c-9aed-d4a8ca7f57fc}} 240{{formula:...
r
7b6ea427e522c9cb1aa70d95b903aeea