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Adiabatic quantum algorithms (AQAs), also in the class of quantum computing approaches that employ a quantum hardware expressed as time-dependent Hamiltonians, have preceded VQAs {{cite:24f8062d90e98c3de85d24bd77cb2d876d0b871c}}, {{cite:b702388ac0f3c8451251526276d73e18116ba34f}}. AQAs exploit the fact that a quantum sy...
i
329d9c489bbc9a4173cf14a002bbd641
In {{cite:b3d9fe8b86f64eedf5717be23ce26fb5c1bd76af}}, An et al. (team “SJTU EIEE 2-426Lab”) proposed a framework which is based on the subsequent application of 3 different U-Nets. The first U-Net is used to coarsely segment the tumor and then select a bounding-box. Then, the second network performs a finer segmentatio...
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We go beyond the so-called scaling regime by computing the time evolution of the string network parameters (long string mean velocity and correlation length) and thus the loop-production efficiency during modifications of the equation of state of the universe, see right panel of Fig. REF . Including these transient ef...
i
9453fffe4eca17321c249cc606ceec11
More recently, there has been significant interest in cross-domain text-to-SQL modeling innovation {{cite:22ea062f873e71b4456fc416d8d78b50a27c952d}}, {{cite:808988db65d43e2fd08fc701d331a9e9e9576232}}, {{cite:953235470e9554c830432c46446220c304cda611}}, {{cite:09d34f18f2021010dbe1f3754e09bbe6f64773b7}}, {{cite:a6b2d91f1d...
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19d9c4180a0e541dbb2396092821e8df
We assume that labeled clean data ({{formula:99674db4-8dc9-41af-a148-f42f9060975d}} ) from the source domain ({{formula:7f36d7c3-7581-452f-bd1c-2c62956645b9}} ) and unlabeled weather-affected data from the target domain ({{formula:f2133c4f-2e2a-4007-ae80-22febc62dfa6}} ) are available. Here, {{formula:87f0f27e-80f7-41e...
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8c33eea128742247db9985f9c370f930
Although the experiment results show promising results, IGSG has some limitations. Mainly, false or failed predictions from the Faster-RCNN object detector and the scene graph generator results in a corrupted image scene graph. This prevents IGSG from achieving accurate grounding and asking relevant disambiguating ques...
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b99f4e3bb1ed47a77677bd05330f5800
The galaxy KK242 is also interesting for a deeper insight as one of a few known dTr objects in the void environment. The great majority of the 30 known dTrs within the distances of 5 Mpc {{cite:b4098d984137cb9cbfd87905343f2f4056add709}} are related to a more typical environment like the Local Group and similar nearby g...
i
8fba4969388ed6c83410696b13eace83
Comparison with competing methods. To demonstrate the superiority of our proposed multi-label classification optimization objective, we conducted several comparative experiments with other alternative methods based on ResNet50 {{cite:bd02b3ee7195a01ab48595b9ea7b7f66beed758b}}. We consider several methods including:
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b8e3d12dcd731da7376b502360e58c19
The first process is the formation of primary precursors at the vacuum-medium interface. It depends only on the highest frequency {{formula:0266dec4-589b-4b29-a9d0-60bb280db1a5}} (REF ), which is translated into the finest time interval {{formula:2db4b507-6ce3-4378-a9f5-28e81a981c78}} and the shortest distance {{form...
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95eb87bf1985cc7c90773847259f84ad
The single organ segmentation has been the dominant task for decades, where numerous solutions have been developed {{cite:81cada71ba9b7f5e3b01d1018d519f9fb49dcd27}}, {{cite:b13188a2342a5bed890df85f44e7df599f888a02}}, {{cite:bdb690da17a1be63921a68dcbf7c67a05acb4bd6}}, {{cite:8a30659ce19af5696a7c825086b53cf8bd45ea0c}}, {...
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f7005197112f1669e62f8ede6fc9855f
We train the STDP block independently as a separate neural network as shown in Fig REF on the ImageNet traffic dataset. The ImageNet traffic dataset is a subset of the ImageNet dataset consisting of only the traffic signs, cars, and pedestrians. Since STDP is an unsupervised learning method, it need not be trained on...
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b80877ea053bead56b0873a7bb021038
We next consider this problem in {{formula:daeeceaf-eacb-4340-b729-591e500f7f19}} , which is the dual of the projective tensor product space {{formula:b402de4f-fba2-4eb8-9f81-318979d58782}} . Since we are in a dual space, for {{formula:cf577f94-4801-4442-92d9-a7de862b38f4}} that attains its norm, we use the notation {...
r
3de17bc5c79b7488e7949bd3fb151198
In this section, we compare AdapterBias to other parameter-efficient methods, including Adapters {{cite:a93a65010dc48e4f395f1ca53ad4ca2988e1da4d}}, Diff-pruning {{cite:828350db07348f58c35f174909dfa810a8605380}}, BitFit {{cite:d4e221c4c7530a238271d54c3e5111461d5c26ac}}, and LoRA {{cite:276a976473592b97e28757acda5b684414...
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40f8c2821c22c1b6e726d1a247357f09
In this section, we derive an efficient strategy for solving the formulated problem (REF ). We first rewrite (REF ) and (REF ) by using the equivalence between the WMR and the WMMSE to reformulate the original problem (REF ) into a more tractable form {{cite:e45cf415bf7ea77e199c90093472f4ed7a1b4b03}}, then optimize the...
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bd698e4084e57899421fd7c1ccb4809f
The present work is devoted to the geometry of the Gromov–Hausdorff distance {{cite:976c8f485b09c59f9e707349cd2a1c9038948b10}}, {{cite:368505724145adbd44377da872ee54c69cb8ebda}}, {{cite:3dbe50cf8369cd0a6d6b63942243d003a764add9}}, {{cite:985595558c96e692219b1b3eca5d5993baae6d71}} defined on the collection of all non-emp...
i
8300e14c66a8f02b602ac194228766ff
Fig. 11 shows the symbol error rate (SER) against SNR. We use 16-QAM transmitted symbols. The curve Random phase represents the SER performance, where the IRS phases are chosen randomly. The curve Method {{cite:a7b113811125413ef0924ea33c3689bf622c5f97}} and designed phase represents the SER performance when the CSI is ...
r
73f40aebd176d9bf9def564992c61754
In Tab. REF , we present the Top-1 classification accuracy of our method and comparison methods. The results of comparison methods are quoted from {{cite:1061022b1c1342a25243106dbb1423ace1e9d869}}. Teacher-student pairs of the same and different architecture styles are considered. For pairs of same architecture style, ...
r
5aa99d86c612ba59345f6b0db431e6bb
To detect keypoints in blurred images, a straightforward way is to utilize a deblurring algorithm to restore the latent sharp image and then to detect keypoints from the restored image. Image/video deblurring methods have been well developed over the last decades, which mainly consist of classic gradient-descent method...
i
09f4437e89e8a8873be32702e2a51c24
We have {{formula:8b5c83d0-5be5-4e60-9483-e11e635e68d3}} According to the monotonicity of {{formula:ab63fab4-0658-4332-99c1-9d7767b5986c}} we have {{formula:6518b6f5-cd89-40f9-82b2-21c9cb82dde3}} which implies {{formula:7d1b183d-d456-4b34-8158-8c62481eadbb}} After division by {{formula:c0846e59-3a44-4571-b4bc-aec42...
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44a36b586411d27a2ee3ebee930ac54b
Despite the importance and ubiquity of non-stationary risk-sensitive RL problems, the literature lacks provably efficient algorithms and theoretical results. In this work, we study risk-sensitive RL with an entropic risk measure {{cite:8d1d9ac7aaccbe1c7d3296a743769d12606305fa}} under episodic Markov decision processes ...
i
c97509326ac4b106d88aa27920560121
We compare several methods, some of them are designed to work in a linear model: Lasso {{cite:0e458741e27de19327cbb812702b6ca0b8eb06ec}}, adLasso {{cite:8a98f873ecba25b7c7451656b8ba80975e01e0f8}} and procbol {{cite:e64ee282585b98dbe76b99fd150de3af49c811ab}}, while others are designed to work in a linear mixed model: lm...
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c4796617f28bcd8d0223bb75b331f067
The authors highlight that neural networks allow for tremendous freedom with regards to structure, hyper-parameters, regularization, and other factors that may affect performance. We have tested several architectures and selected the best result for this paper, but acknowledge that our work falls considerably short of ...
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3595773a087fef80d182deec63f636ca
In this section, we present our active learning framework for object detection. Let {{formula:3f2ee8b3-e5f3-4723-820b-b6248a637749}} be a dataset divided into a labeled set {{formula:65584dc3-e453-4e1a-b83f-3694c8b09ccb}} and a pool of unlabeled data {{formula:0859a931-0ba6-42cc-a86e-f58efb796ecc}} . We start with a ...
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f6cd7607fb0bbd2d9d6212c48079178a
A fundamental concept in quantum information theory is the understanding of entanglement. Quantum entanglement can be viewed as a crucial resource in quantum information. The key question is how to quantify and classify entanglement of quantum states. Polynomial functions in the coefficients of pure states which are in...
i
a48d6e32e3f9ce50ae9e2e3074c96711
The biological motivation for our the model is the retina, where both lateral and vertical coupling by electric synapses (gap junctions) occur, forming neuronal networks with stacked layers {{cite:fe7b7da9fce22ec3015847ef624e5c18ce027494}}. All these electric synapses are plastic, from the milisseconds to the minutes t...
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ff1a72bb5c9cf5e0c415c64d712e10b1
More recently, a new method has been proposed where finite-size effects are expressed in terms of the forward Compton amplitude of the pion {{cite:2a477b71da5e1fbff3e537ef17546e86378fe0da}} in an expansion in {{formula:770b6ccd-a15c-4521-9444-d6d9eaa4a39e}} . The first publication was restricted to the dominant {{formu...
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84e2788e31841663bbc775b4a55e5685
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) has been deployed in a wide range of environments, from document digitization {{cite:b8a0ae7df2252c67acfb10f58fb9f6d90d7f7c75}} to road sign recognition {{cite:39aae7be4df7b3e0cc4be4930a53791454e74747}}. Egocentric data presents a number of additional challenges, such as occlusion, m...
i
7b2564ec9d9273e7d42501dd7918badb
Optimality for coarse SNMMs is simpler than optimality for more traditional SNMMs (see {{cite:87162a3a9937472f69b602a9a6241ae06c1f8e25}} {{cite:87162a3a9937472f69b602a9a6241ae06c1f8e25}}, {{cite:0b9513753df87f31fc87d5f075c52c11ed5736e2}} {{cite:0b9513753df87f31fc87d5f075c52c11ed5736e2}}), because coarse SNMMs avoid the...
i
3670d4312c2807b051d78bfa7be37a4d
Currently, deep learning methods dominate the field of machine learning owing to their experimental performance in numerous applications {{cite:985fb9db6d8685791a95f4efcf1299f87eaa762e}}, {{cite:51d3ee95c7142e7f4d59b9888503f4bf8fe4a02b}}. However, they typically consist of overly complex models of a great many paramete...
i
511353a5c5658e1251ce6ef4c958391d
Remark 13 Let {{formula:1ed4511f-32fa-4737-ae8f-fbaa345592f9}} be Banach spaces such that {{formula:53f7a0be-c268-4083-b66c-68856ec6e4bb}} or {{formula:79f8c276-1444-49cd-9b78-3c9b4d45940b}} has the compact metric approximation property. It can be shown that there is a contractive projection {{formula:cc37b270-4a61-...
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5566bc9cee427d2a9d72a5dd4ff5d04d
Many typical verb representations, including FrameNet {{cite:e5d75dbc6e20bb11ae697c1faf3c68ae8416e4a0}}, PropBank {{cite:55d2a4c9c4d43a14bde3877834f6bc909c231d90}}, and VerbNet {{cite:693ed01086bd36a876c58bf18a56dadb3958fac3}}, describe verbs' semantic roles (e.g. ingestor and ingestibles for “eat”). However, semantic ...
i
5bc41537bf9c8ccfd46751e8201e60d7
Experiments were conducted using sagittal slices covering 15 positions on the right liver lobe from 12 volunteers. Each anatomical position comprises 50 dynamics. These cine-phase scans were acquired on a Siemens Skyra 3T scanner using a 2D T2-weighted true FISP sequence. Pixel spacing, slice thickness and temporal res...
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2337733a469dac9353c3be1ed23c6ad2
Finally, transfer learning, in the form of pre-trained embeddings such as fastText is extremelly useful in the sense that the learned representations capture semantic properties of words in a unsupervised learning fashion and we also allow fine-tuning, which is proven to further enchance the accuracy of the models {{ci...
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We also note that quasiperiodically-driven many-body quantum systems, with two or more incommensurate drive frequencies, have received attention only recently {{cite:9a07a477373545f54949807edf27bf4fc00fb610}}, {{cite:0600ccb7023acf3fbf6ba94bfe40be2fd08fa3c7}}, {{cite:1dba21ea790d54e1861ed051b908b19ca888f2bb}}, {{cite:3...
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f01fcfc073e1034367af5741f403ec3c
The quantum stochastic drift protocol {{cite:ce12268e96d760aec219f711deb47ae602d68f4c}}, or qDRIFT, is spiritually related to linear combination of unitaries but uses classically controlled evolutions rather than quantum controlled ones. This approach drifts towards the correct unitary time-evolution with high precisio...
i
990747a4fd6ff53681e833c4aa3e5e03
The Stein Variational Probabilistic Roadmap proves to be a robust method for efficiently generating graphs well-suited for multi-query planning, outperforming existing biased-sampler PRM approaches. Future work will investigate how to pick the appropriate prior distributions as well as number of particles, with more em...
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a02b4abf233074051f0ef112af75c514
In terms of methodology, there are several ways in which the definitions of the post-block trajectories themselves could be refined. While we measure departure as a binary value, in reality community participation occurs on a variable scale and it is possible that blocked users do not depart, but drastically reduce the...
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04ad191e1e461eeadd4e14a40a11e3a7
The quantitative boundary estimate (REF ) was established by Chen {{cite:adbd6fd6043f2c5537e556657b6c50c9715903ed}} for Dirichlet problem of complex Monge-Ampère equation on {{formula:de287695-4ff3-4174-a708-53b8f59a55fe}} , and further by Phong-Sturm {{cite:ab178453419a9787515472c68b671874693f1745}} for Dirichlet prob...
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Rather, the ablation experiments of Table REF demonstrate the contributions of our methods with respect to a fixed network architecture. The first row establishes a baseline, using the network trained without the negative depth loss (i.e., {{formula:4e392ca1-95e9-4837-a054-93003f7adb8d}} ) and no occlusion-handling me...
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cd127961a99a3659dd5ba469d0bb080b
Multi-agent trajectory prediction aims to predict future trajectories of multiple agents conditioned on their past movements. This task is critical to numerous real-world applications, such as autonomous driving {{cite:0603f27a6fd07fd46e468eed85bc7208f18c30bc}}, {{cite:33b6b03c03bf463db0ce990b2531d5a4111a0617}}, {{cite...
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0f3b2111f801577ade184b4e964af151
In EigenFind, for images {{formula:93eb500b-0506-47ba-bede-d18a822cf204}} classified as {{formula:68d2e33e-5ed9-4a30-afb1-48c64062baa4}} , we calculate how moving their latents in the direction of each of the top {{formula:466ba956-1830-458b-89b5-8d57757dc8d0}} StyleSpace Eigenvectors affects the classifier decisionB...
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0b0e98e72b8b28ac499d60f024c3b9b7
More latest observational evidence indicates that the center of our Milky Way harbours the closest candidate for a supermassive black hole with strong magnetic fields. Using multi-frequency measurements with several radio telescopes, {{cite:e75a3f5e45224fa58ca28f9c73f6d44a08fcc9ad}} showed that there is a dynamically r...
i
398d407e596ae53d03de8e10ca06b5d2
In this section, we present numerical results to verify the performance of the proposed transmission scheme based on Bayesian optimization. The BS is equipped with {{formula:b66ac639-e77a-4d74-a341-099f61cf2f5c}} antennas. The number of elements in RIS is {{formula:4b756003-cb4f-4845-a997-57d49a568a33}} if there is n...
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53cd9e03c419cba5682a7eeabeaa4f68
The KITTI outdoor dataset {{cite:3c5552d8d1bb5a1e9d6b5d6ae04556f8b45bb9dc}} has a maximum distance of 100 meters, which makes it more challenging compared to an indoor dataset. We compare the results of our approach with existing approaches {{cite:259ec8e602e0328ff7229bf12e2ede7e4b6faa92}}, {{cite:33223d582b3baf8347445...
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d87addf918fabbfe4e2eee4f47307cde
On the other hand, the fractional calculus is a generalization of classical differentiation and integration into non-integer order. Some fundamental definitions of fractional derivatives were given by Riemann-Liouville, Hadamard, Caputo, Hilfer, Liouville-Caputo, Grünwald-Letnikov, Riesz, Coimbra and Weyl. The fraction...
i
f670f58ec7c082e390a5c27883b4985b
Curriculum learning for neural network optimization has been implemented in a variety of ways. Approaches in {{cite:2885eb32a576e5a2db2a3208cec2f5314e6b9cab}}, {{cite:36ce8ddda8fb64433b3b1c54b13bf56a6e7f15e3}}, {{cite:94527d9cc359578e5735c2925dfb471e1cbf8e81}} propose a sampling strategy where a scoring function is the...
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5a362a4864c046107f984051c8c3b81b
where {{formula:36508d7d-3c9d-45e0-a8b6-e504292ece66}} represents the desired gap or “margin” between scores for {{formula:bce3102c-11f7-4607-835f-e85cfef84305}} and {{formula:4d3a6940-bda6-4676-baf9-34a128777a17}} . For suitable {{formula:d8f7fc1d-e9ac-4db6-9fd0-554235296add}} , this loss allows for greater emphasi...
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54bd521ed3a892efa87fb89b682cadbd
In this paper, we propose a novel framework – Spatial Content Alignment GAN (SCA-GAN) to mainly enhance the content consistency for garment texture and human facial characteristics. We adopt a two-phase approach to map the misaligned content information to spatially aligned feature space. Firstly, we employ a Prior Con...
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ffd885f33e984111b14e7ee339964c7d
Earlier works {{cite:7cc573ce807e1ce1cbbbd98df90dbfe0198a15b3}}, {{cite:bddef2e20afec2b68de8339154e5204599973c8a}}, {{cite:1705e59ce078eab14953836c8d475d994c7dd9d3}}, {{cite:409b3baf507fb76cdd7e6b4fbcb92c89aea9f2b1}}, {{cite:add815f663c2eac812f236ecf19cb531c2b2d831}}, {{cite:60337ba78681d0bf0514f22501c072bd2e139f08}}, ...
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32a5c649fb482e6d1806ab4e1ac0a88d
Fractional calculus and related equations have become important topics in many science and engineering fields. For instance, they appear in mathematical modeling {{cite:307de33ef8e4cbb4367f85e23370c89535782582}}, {{cite:393bd700f90f9a2f39b62f13c768fe0e27877fdb}}, control engineering {{cite:a616f5eb04eb685a204ac8380bdbe...
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2cd8ce0042bd468630002fdf79a2a195
We evaluate both Private-UCB-PO and Private-UCB-VI under different privacy budget {{formula:7024cffc-d640-4f1b-a21a-3abe34014840}} and also compare them with the corresponding non-private algorithms UCB-VI {{cite:03d3eb7c8669d0758374a88f3980d38636622160}} and OPPO {{cite:68d7d36a578eb561f0f6d8463cfb8f66c4a60720}}, res...
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The comparisons in this paper are made without consideration of the solar cycle, although the outer heliosheath regions respond to the variations in the solar wind dynamic pressure and magnetic field that characterize the solar activity cycle {{cite:2a84ac326d0e73b25b3013655b66ec2397dd9d55}}, {{cite:6f3966625b794daa4eb...
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2f3bf3cc2b55e5c8cd7724dcafe30736
Toeplitz methods: Toeplitz methods {{cite:6ad23cfc99c74c3f5f879b45b5bf6888aabc19b6}} work for stationary GPs with equally spaced design points. These methods leverage the Toeplitz structure of the covariance matrices under this setting. To make a prediction in terms of solving (REF ) and (), there are two approaches. T...
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A new coronavirus designated Covid-19 {{cite:135775482076a2783e98a49eeeae40a348fb3c6d}} was first identified in Wuhan, the capital of China's Hubei province. It has been reported that people started developing pneumonia {{cite:1a1124ecf7691a03b33668a6fe2fde6f01057be9}} without a clear cause and for which existing vacci...
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20fdfd2787d3b3d6779ef43a52fa23be
Another area where quandles find applications is the theory of the set-theoretical Yang-Baxter equation. The Yang-Baxter equation first appeared in theoretical physics and statistical mechanics in the works of Yang {{cite:29d4718f36e55d0153949c7c5b70db6fa3ae8877}} and Baxter {{cite:94ab67b2ba4cb3c80fbecd97a2fe354c2f04a...
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d26aa117661134fd1894294e356cacfd
Designing machine learning models ({{formula:3b33fc4c-94de-4b65-b2c8-23f18df0a742}} ) that maximize data efficiency is critical to the success of solving real-world tasks. Indeed, breakthroughs in machine learning are often driven by novel architectures such as LeNet {{cite:dcbce7a5d502e5c0dab8c9e882c2739791428bea}}, A...
i
c661aaa29424aab8153c48c91053dee2
What is the evidence for the supersolidity? The direct evidence of supersolidity is the observation of a Nambu-Goldstone mode {{cite:444f62881e0ab71e672ddd4878ccb88ac0de2332}}, {{cite:7dcf8b2a7ea60fe97e88773a566fd27da12d51b3}}, {{cite:0051532cd7f2b45a0254b1fb6b0c31851d044b86}} due to SSB of the global phase as was conf...
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a839f7816cc59eb72769251e737292b4
After training the various Places-CNNs, we used the final output layer of each network to classify the test set images of Places205 and SUN205 (see {{cite:0814ae654a2abbe76ad9ee31a75ed33c20abfb9e}}). The classification results for Top-1 accuracy and Top-5 accuracy are listed in Table REF . As a baseline comparison, we ...
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41dc83c70cecb5e48171bcc9471ac2fa
Temporal Coherence.   We would like to ensure that the generated videos are temporally coherent. That is, a smooth and non-jittery motion is generated. To this end, we apply a temporal regularization on the generated keypoints and minimize the distance between keypoints in adjacent frames: Ltmp = i=0NA - 1 ka,i - ka,i...
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Let {{formula:186b8ac2-828f-48ad-841d-8cb44a60677c}} be a compact (closed and connected) Riemann surface {{formula:44c0eb00-c8ab-4160-a5ec-8abd86836df5}} of genus {{formula:8740e167-384a-4138-a7e6-b1a2fee00bf0}} . Higgs bundles over {{formula:5b3ea3ed-f957-4743-9334-4fdcc5dbb92e}} were introduced by Hitchin in {{cit...
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0b4042279036eb0a26860e881ca011e0
Proof: According to {{cite:52e8be8bb2ebdbd09f1b34b55fc2e79a1eb901d4}}, if the Hessian matrix of a function is semi-negative definite, that function is concave. In particular, we derive the Hessian matrix of the exp-sum-log function {{formula:5ce14bb5-f8dc-46a3-b4ff-581a1847e842}} as {{formula:08b56880-6722-4f2b-b4aa-7...
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2d306a6f24118253419f101e571ab17d
Despite the above advances, to the best of our knowledge, few frameworks exist for privacy-preserving incremental training of end-to-end automatic speech recognition models. Prior work on federated learning for speech-based tasks {{cite:937bc808defc0981314ba640b44917c343c3174d}}, {{cite:fd28d13298e3b6cd2c06c5f2bd13331d...
i
dd29e1c6b05129ba3b39f762f52ccf3c
The baseline method is an improved version of BottleNet++ {{cite:20ea91f4ed57c0e5cc49ba692c500422aef99532}}, which can compress and transmit feature of the deep model over digital channel. In order to fit this model into the digital channel, the quantization step is placed at the end of the encoder. Since the output is...
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978be3477057b198daf12fb08f4f6f12
Example 4.3 (hydrogen oxidation reaction) In this example, we consider a model for hydrogen oxidation reaction where six species H2 (hydrogen), O2 (oxygen), H2O (water), H, O, OH (radicals) are involved in six steps in a closed system under constant volume and temperature {{cite:bcf5a2ba40511501754fae7ce6a9bd8f51000e2...
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With the introduction of the renewal process for the background seismicity, the main-shock rate depends on the lapsed time since the previous main-shock which is not observable. This makes likelihood evaluation challenging. However, using a recursive algorithm motivated by that of {{cite:8916adf47c89ef3d9d25f00295c2b12...
i
6ad3002cdc0a290766678101362e17f1
Despite this progress, the linearly stable nature of the typical mean velocity in wall-bounded turbulent flows implies that solely the linearised Navier-Stokes equations are not able to describe sustaining velocity fluctuations. Therefore, some minimal amount of nonlinearity must be retained in the mathematical descrip...
i
798862789fb48f4cdcf86f7326d8d816
To examine the behaviors of our model on the evolutions of the universe, we fit the models with the combination of the CMB and Hubble constant data sets. The CMB data include temperature and polarization angular power spectra from Planck 2018 with TT, TE, EE, low-{{formula:a313b003-bfa1-470b-aaac-984334855ea1}} polari...
r
d8297c143070c9867765f855b082e3b6
Fourth, the approach of {{cite:95f841bf42d674a2ace99c8b2574e198e4e37b27}} is corrected in Section REF and REF . Assuming that expansion constants and aspect ratio of a reference set {{formula:9d1cc141-c921-408a-bcef-58e0bd0f88d0}} are fixed, Corollary REF and Corollary REF rigorously show that the time complexities...
d
45c2cebffec14619b0e6c57171d4c74e
Let {{formula:7fb996b2-8ded-402b-accb-75335d9c8042}} be a division ring with center {{formula:e225db33-3333-43cd-8058-2ebb3bdfbb19}} and {{formula:0f8393c9-8a5e-4529-9188-e35255401280}} be the multiplicative group of {{formula:6d761af3-6700-4f23-b10f-1c7ce552b912}} . The subgroup structure of {{formula:b2f33ed8-0198...
i
9aa4e85474b16d976b456cd845ec45a9
In this work, we have demonstrated a blinking-free source of polarization-entangled photon pairs, based on a GaAs quantum dot operated at a temperature of at least 20K. The intrinsically low fine structure splitting, owing to the local Al droplet etching technique{{cite:dd2a492ee7e3d03d437f673fcc5ce6fd1a830b00}}, toget...
d
343559979de48cf38686852258af226f
The main contributions of this work are: 1) we introduce OP as a way of solving the zero-shot coordination problem, 2) we show that OP is the highest payoff meta-equilibrium for the zero-shot coordination problem, 3) we show how to implement OP using deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) based methods, and 4) we evalua...
i
a20d6eec9e817957d5321ce2cc384bc4
One has a similar identification for {{formula:5b3aea7c-9f0f-4e21-b0d3-c4e4507edabb}} . These groups are in turn linked via the Tate spectral sequence {{cite:8f776dcf6af4d3129621c4ec25535c257deb4b80}} {{formula:0cd0f891-e161-478e-bf0b-de487101463a}}
r
e0c09005681817a9c980dfcc09dbd36a
Our results appear consistent with the anti-correlation observed between the dark matter densities and pericenter radii of bright MW dwarfs reported by {{cite:f008d5589e80c3799f106c037ca55ce854a82430}}. In their work, the authors found that dwarf galaxies closer to the center of the MW tend to be hosted by denser CDM s...
d
44f2cff90b561f483b230f5fb5a389b9
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is believed to be the basic theory of the strong interaction. However, the strong interaction is non-perturbative at low energy scale. Thus many phenomena such as hadron and glueball spectra, chiral phase transition and confinement-deconfinement phase transition, the equation of state (EoS)...
i
f9251f6e68e74f954b8799152ecf6aae
Visual Genome: Table REF shows that GPS-Net outperforms all state-of-the-arts methods on various metrics. Specifically, GPS-Net outperforms one very recent one-stage model, named KERN {{cite:fd7550adc8832d4bc1013b10d75b68b3c0b98542}}, by 1.8{{formula:bc11e46c-769f-49c5-abd3-d0723e5cb652}} on average at R@50 and R@100...
m
4336c5b589b56be9e1f9ced945d6a6d4
As for the remaining models, we show that while our approach performs worst than the best one from the MVTec paper, represented by the student-teacher architecture (7.8% AUROC score difference), it outperforms every other method by a margin going from 1% to 37%. One important aspect to notice is that the two top-perfor...
r
73352c7f34f72de7a816a7e6e0510082
Chordal graphs are graphs in which every cycle with a length of at least four has a chord. Gavril {{cite:891e0cc16ca36b7b8a4ca800fd829068f611b320}} proved that chordal graphs are the intersection graphs of a family of subtrees in a clique tree. A tree {{formula:d4acb260-19a8-4550-95c4-8ed50555b9c7}} is a clique tree f...
i
42642da61339903f871d36271df14782
We include the effect of stellar winds, tides and mass exchange on the rotational velocity of the secondary star {{cite:7f70f62ba659966cee1671c3527d011e94f339a3}}. The internal rotational profile of the secondary star is approximated to be rigid rotation, which is a reasonable approximation for the secondary star resid...
m
293df1984b75194ad539624b5eea4bc8
Theoretically, several works had been carried out to interpret the MEs features of n-type cuprates. Adopting the single band description with experimentally fitted parameters, Krüger et al. claimed that the fermiology random phase approximation (RPA) approach with a momentum independent (or weakly dependent) Coulomb re...
i
1b8b61b011a1058b43ff10c7a0576dec
NC neutrino interactions are of particular importance to {{formula:7a7e20dd-43f2-4725-a9d1-b24ee2e3bd99}} and measurements in the energy range of a few hundred MeV. This is especially true for detectors that cannot perfectly differentiate between photon- and electron-induced electromagnetic showers, and therefore whe...
i
bdbd8c3cc2e158e9826ac64331f3c397
The important thing to be observed in the above table is that the components of {{formula:539da0ef-b598-4ceb-8eb5-270e2ae1f722}} are such that the boost weights relative to the null vectors {{formula:065ca2cc-1111-473d-b7a6-0f202a54c97a}} are always equal to the boost weights relative to {{formula:06451e9d-2343-4103-...
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e6fb433a2a6a7988d56ee8a9e1dd348a
Water is one of the most important substances on Earth. It is a key player in a vast variety of biological, geological, environmental, engineering, and technological processes. The majority of interpretations of the experimentally observable properties of liquid water have been possible through modelling. Various model...
i
4a34669a3fee98d7e468c3b3a5a0f957
General Relativity (GR) has passed many observational tests from weak-gravity regime to strong-gravity regime {{cite:ad8a0ce8424868567ff474d0d34aba10772cb7f8}}, {{cite:e67cac68230a636cae7ce2542f493b7b79b63335}}. However, GR with a Universe containing baryonic matter and radiation can not explain some cosmological obser...
i
4a79ab35c7905801181d074860e307e7
The results presented in this section were obtained from a standard di-jet sample in Pb+Pb collisions generated with Jewel-2.3.0code publicly available from jewel.hepforge.org using the proton PDF set Cteq6LL {{cite:95011a643e5920b86f92609f6bf4d040a036bf26}} and the Eps09 {{cite:3bd73fa2bc43c450fa9d44b9943f2945ae753dcc...
r
bb549a8efea32a797a8966257e9c4f97
Quantum nonlocality has been significantly generalized by considering complex causal structures beyond the standard LHV models {{cite:ff628598edabac253d7e19fbba0ee899a8d18263}}, {{cite:260d841f4c13f22f6f90f6fe8adb9f5b042e3d35}}, {{cite:bebfc17b2ee033d3a288bd39b7e2c6cf24723966}}, {{cite:955df1fe2f1ecf8bb7703745c20be70cf...
i
788fed571ba0b43a279cf5c18b1e0ca9
Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is a promising approach to a variety of real-world applications, such as sensor networks {{cite:da41ac4d7d8570f46bb1b3c001dfdfbb8d65e9c3}}, traffic light control {{cite:2879f25b956a2ff905a301166384c65e53ed2064}}, and multi-robot formation {{cite:c26a2f75955a4e2e3c5b...
i
d3abe762b5f1c078036da351a398d2e9
We can attempt to constrain the magnetic field strength by the polarization and Zeeman splitting of the absorption lines in GRB optical afterglows. {{cite:17edce378acd56355f87d9714a462034fd6e5a63}} performed some numerical simulations to identify the amplified magnetic field behind the relativistic shocks. In such case...
d
b2235430057c81bca2935d6df8d45f69
The outer parts of the accretion disk of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) host many poorly understood, complicated processes. Star formation is unavoidable in these regions because of self-gravity {{cite:6b3906dd0e969498912e1c79c7a137b009f4dee7}}, {{cite:e0e73dafd76fdc8486a0838de90d35c4...
i
6e73a71b6cc5e6c8c6b3341407028840
see {{cite:48f5a3b411ee5089c31996516de90f8dee4b5b62}}, {{cite:b10fe836a124a29c958e74bfb3506aaeaad2e964}}. Hundreds of papers are devoted to the generalizations of the Selberg integral formula and its applications, see for example {{cite:b10fe836a124a29c958e74bfb3506aaeaad2e964}}, {{cite:d1299b9051ea6e86fdd3ed411f177aed...
i
3ca17bf470d5501365915f16c48f9a8b
We also see implications for quantum black hole physics. When a black hole forms, imploding matter gets compressed against the past event horizon, as seen by a distant observer at later times. Similarly, outgoing Hawking particles line up along the future event horizon, ready to spring to life much later. When matter r...
d
6145b01860e19123c3ca231f0d44214e
The field {{formula:378572f1-b84b-44d0-8a74-82e86e5ad391}} plays a distinguished role in defining the state of quantum fields. The structure of the counterterms suggests the simplest form of the classical action for this field. Its Lagrangian density reads {{cite:c4531bd5601aaa5b4294e593d1073feec271a3db}}, {{cite:3ee5...
r
e33231c804e96b4afcbd1c73bab1b295
In particular, Guo et al. {{cite:a8f164d062dca05b3dfbe9054e7d11091a12bda2}} design a training curriculum based on complexity clusters. The authors show that most examples with noisy labels get assigned to clusters with higher complexities and hence, only influence the training process at later stages, at which the mode...
m
8f5f3c49443c94f06da7f916ee9db603
Previous research has been largely focused purely on improving calibration and accuracy using label smoothing techniques and primarily uses one-hot encoded labels to do so. However, the existing literature has disregarded the vast amount of information that lies in example difficulty, which could potentially be useful ...
d
fe25a591071b76fd8fa8db3137bd1980
The simplest and most common Bell inequality is the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality {{cite:66fc0a1fbf727dd7ba4b7583c1fd6f5febdda39b}}. It applies to the scenario where two parties – Alice and Bob – share a state and perform each one out of two dichotomic (with two-outcomes) measurements. The experiment is ...
i
d1ab2ddd8f7fe31c4ec6b4e48d020bf4
This opens up a conceptual framework that is attractive in its own right and so deserves more systematic study: the vision that high-energy supersymmetry survives at low energies dominantly in the (possibly complicated) gravity sector despite supersymmetry being badly broken for all of the ordinary particles described ...
r
c50c6a91b7bd6862d1eddd357a2ec8cd
We introduce a new signal (i.e., collaborative information) to support the training procedure of automated image understanding processes. We propose a general multitask-learning (MTL) {{cite:565b7199c5a81d0425a9b9f327f8b4222b473108}} framework to incorporate collaborative information in the form of latent item repres...
i
b14c4afa6d58be042c8d1fbbc4078c05
The problem of removing malicious nodes from networks has long been of considerable importance, and it has attracted a great deal of recent attention. In social networks, accounts occupied by malicious parties spread toxic information (e.g., hate speech, fake news, and spam), stirring up controversy and manipulating po...
i
90ac9b30f694f5e191bd1e53aceda5ba
While the numerical evaluations presented in {{cite:60bb69197bd987af721eaf1cef0ed59ccc28fe18}}, {{cite:d77f19f43a084941449ce20aac092ae652784e0a}}, {{cite:3dac1e0621c1c20ce765dadc624655ffe27e8b22}}, {{cite:e327fcd3bc0a8bf1aa18695dd9b228ac42943efb}}, {{cite:42181b50fc20f32ea0b5812a02caa68d9d914c22}}, {{cite:961d809411164...
r
63189213188557c9cf106f81ecae94d0
Artificial Intelligence is intelligence demonstrated by machines, as opposed to natural intelligence displayed by animals including humans. Leading Artificial Intelligence textbooks define the field as the study of artificial intelligent systems that are understood as systems perceiving their environment and taking dec...
i
74570aedd78ce805856e8dea5e419e43
which is valid to first order in {{formula:9155805e-8776-4132-b0fe-54cf60daa433}} . (Note that the term {{formula:7f5ae10a-9a19-4821-bba5-d415135279ed}} is negative.) It is easy to see that when one imposes the fact that the first order perturbations are of the “first order” themselves, it is not possible to make {{fo...
m
f4832b3ab7bbe45f3ee0a074603c0764